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["通し番号","都道府県","地域協議会名","カテゴリ","用語・単語","読み方","用語・単語","用例","用例","備考／ヒント"]
[null,null,null,null,"（日本語）","（よみがな）","（英語）","（日本語訳）","（英語）","（tips）"]
[1,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","公会堂","こうかいどう","kokaido","公会堂は、明治期に全国各地につくられた市庁舎としての役割を持つ文化施設です。","In Japan, public halls (kokaido) play a role similar to that of town halls in some Western countries."]
[2,"北海道","函館市","史跡","旧函館区公会堂","きゅうはこだてくこうかいどう","Old Public Hall of Hakodate Ward","旧函館区公会堂は1910年に完成しました。","The two-story Old Public Hall of Hakodate Ward was completed in 1910."]
[3,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","和洋折衷建築","わようせっちゅうけんちく","mix Western and Japanese architectural styles","和洋折衷建築で、農業の指導者であり思想家でもある二宮尊徳の報徳思想を広める「大日本報徳社」活動の拠点地でした。","It is located in Kakegawa, Shizuoka Prefecture, and mixes Western and Japanese architectural styles. "]
[4,"北海道","函館市","史跡","物産陳列所","ぶっさんちんれつじょ","exhibition space for products","木造のこの建物は、愛知県岡崎市に公会堂および額田地区の物産陳列所として、1913年に建てられました。","This one-story building in Okazaki, Aichi Prefecture, was built in 1913 as a public hall and exhibition space for products of the Nukata district."]
[5,"北海道","函館市","人物・人名・役職名","岩本栄之介","いわもとえいのすけ","Iwamoto Einosuke","株式仲買業を営んでいた岩本栄之助の寄付をもとに1918年に建てられました。","Stockbroker Iwamoto Einosuke (1877–1916) funded the construction of this elegant building, which is located in Osaka’s Kita Ward and dates back to 1918."]
[6,"北海道","函館市","人物・人名・役職名","三條栄三郎","さんじょうえいさぶろう","Sanjo Eisaburo\n","フレンチ・ルネサンスを基調に、福岡県土木技師の三條栄三郎が設計しました。","The building was designed by Sanjo Eisaburo (1872–1935), an engineer in the Public Works Section of the prefectural government."]
[7,"北海道","函館市","その他","神奈川条約","かながわじょうやく","the Treaty of Kanagawa","安政元年(1855)、箱館（現在の函館）は日米初の通商条約である神奈川条約により開港され、安政6年(1859)には長崎や横浜と共に国際貿易港となりました。","The port of Hakodate partly opened to foreign ships in 1855 following the Treaty of Kanagawa, the first trade agreement between Japan and the United States. "]
[8,"北海道","函館市","史跡","金森赤レンガ倉庫","かねもりあかれんがそうこ","The Kanemori Red Brick Warehouse","金森赤レンガ倉庫は、函館で最初の商業倉庫でした。","The Kanemori Red Brick Warehouse was the first commercial warehouse in Hakodate. "]
[9,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","耐火建築物","たいかけんちくぶつ","fire-resistant construction materials","何度も大火に見舞われた函館では、一般的な木造建築のほか、石造、レンガ造、鉄筋コンクリート造の耐火建築物が発達しました。","To prevent further destruction of property, building with fire-resistant construction materials, such as stone, brick, and reinforced concrete, were put into use."]
[10,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","土蔵","つちくら","kura","あわせて、昔ながらの土蔵造も火事に強い建物として建てられています。","These materials and the buildings made with them have supplemented traditional Japanese fire-resistant storerooms (kura)."]
[11,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","商業会議所","しょうぎょうかいぎしょ","the Chamber of Commerce","商業会議所が移転した後は、次第に音楽演奏会など娯楽的な催しも開催されるようになりました。","When the Chamber of Commerce moved, the Old Public Hall became a venue for concerts and other events. "]
[12,"北海道","函館市","その他","洞爺丸事件","とうやまるじけん","the Toya Maru ship incident","函館市地方海難審判所の事務所であった昭和30年(1955)には、「洞爺丸事件」の海難審判が開かれました。","In 1955, it was the headquarters of an official inquiry into the Toya Maru ship incident, when the nearby sinking of a train ferry the previous year resulted in the loss of 1,155 passengers and crew.  "]
[13,"北海道","函館市","その他","耐震補強","たいしんほきょう","seismic reinforcement project","公会堂も建物の強度が不足していることがわかったため、平成30年(2018)から約2年半の保存修理にあわせて耐震補強を行いました。","The structural integrity of the Old Public Hall was found to be inadequate, and a seismic reinforcement project was implemented over a period of two and a half years beginning in 2018."]
[14,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","瓦葺","かわらぶき","tiled roof","洋風建築の様式でつくられていますが、屋根は瓦葺であるなど和風の要素もあわせ持っています。","The Old Public Hall is an example of Western style architecture, but it also has Japanese elements, such as a tiled roof."]
[15,"北海道","函館市","史跡","撞棒立て","きゅーたて","Cue-stick stand","撞棒立てはビリヤードのキューのために使われていました。","Cue-stick stand was used for billiard cue sticks. "]
[16,"北海道","函館市","史跡","球戯室","きゅうぎしつ","The Game Room","球戯室には、木製の格縁と洗練された中心飾が施された漆喰天井があり、洗練された雰囲気を醸し出しています。","The Game Room has a plaster coffered ceiling with wooden ribs and a finely wrought center ornament, which give it a refined atmosphere. "]
[17,"北海道","函館市","史跡","帽子掛付傘立","ぼうしかけつきかさたて","Umbrella stand and Hat rack","帽子掛付傘立は、1階の各部屋に設置されたものと思われます。","Umbrella stand and Hat rack were probably placed in every room on the first floor."]
[18,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","大食堂","だいしょくどう","Large Dining Room","大食堂は、当初は会食などに使用されましたが、後に展示会や講演会などに使用されました。","Large Dining Room was first used for banquets, then for painting exhibitions and lectures. "]
[19,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","飾棚","かざりだな","Display Cabinet","公会堂の残る2台の飾棚は非常に大型で、鏡がついて彫刻で飾られています。","The remaining two display cabinets in the Old Public Hall are very large, and sculpted with mirrors. "]
[20,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","漆喰天井","しっくいてんじょう","plaster ceiling","他のほとんどの部屋には漆喰天井があります。","Most of the other rooms have plaster ceilings."]
[21,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","会議所","かいぎしょ","Chamber of Commerce","函館商業会議所は1895年に設立された北海道で初めての商業会議所です。","The Hakodate Chamber of Commerce was founded in 1895 and was the first of its kind in Hokkaido."]
[22,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","隅棚","すみだな","Corner cabinets","隅棚は、明治時代（1868〜1912年）の洋館の貴賓室など重要な部屋に置かれることが多かった。","Corner cabinets were often placed in important rooms, such as guest rooms, of Western-style buildings in the Meiji era (1868–1912). "]
[23,"北海道","函館市","工芸・美術品","花台","かだい","flower stands","花台は5種類あり、それらの彫刻や装飾方法は異なります。","Five types of flower stands, and they are all carved and decorated differently."]
[24,"北海道","函館市","工芸・美術品","枕頭台","ちんとうだい","bedside table","枕頭台はベッドの脇に置く調度品です。","This bedside table was used for storing a nighttime chamber pots"]
[25,"北海道","函館市","工芸・美術品","スノコ","すのこ","Duckboards","スノコは、腰壁と同じ人造石の土間の上に置かれます。","Duckboards are laid on the artificial-stone floor, which matches the walls."]
[26,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","土間","どま","floor","壁は土間と同じ人造石で覆われています。","The walls are covered with the same artificial stone as the floor."]
[27,"北海道","函館市","建造物等","寄木張り","よせぎばり","rectangular parquetry","床は絨毯敷きで、壁際は長方形の寄木張りになっています。","The floor is carpeted, and there is rectangular parquetry beside the walls."]
[28,"北海道","函館市","人物・人名・役職名","芥川龍之介","あくたがわりゅのすけ","Akutagawa Ryunosuke","1927年、芥川龍之介（1892〜1927年）と里見弴（1888〜1983年）による講演会には、1,000人が参加しました。","In 1927, an event here featuring lectures by authors Akutagawa Ryunosuke (1892–1927) and Satomi Ton (1888–1983) drew 1,000 people."]
[29,"北海道","函館市","工芸・美術品","唐草模様","からくさもよう","arabesque","中央の花瓶から左右に伸びる唐草模様が描かれています。","It depicts an arabesque extending from the central vase to the left and right."]
[30,"北海道","函館市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","函館ハリストス正教会","はこだてはりすとすせいきょうかい","The Hakodate Orthodox Church","函館ハリストス正教会は1860年、ロシア領事館の付属聖堂として建立されたのが始まりです。","The Hakodate Orthodox Church first appeared in 1860 as a chapel in the city’s Russian consulate."]
[31,"北海道","函館市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本願寺函館別院","ほんがんじはこだてべついん","Higashi Honganji Betsuin","本願寺函館別院は、京都の東本願寺が率いる日本仏教の信州大谷支部にある寺院です。","Higashi Honganji Betsuin is a temple belonging to the Shinshu Otani branch of Japanese Buddhism, which is headed by Higashi Honganji Temple in Kyoto."]
[32,"北海道","函館市","動物","ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.\n","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もあります。"]
[33,"北海道","函館市","工芸・美術品","阿弥陀如来像","あみだにょらいぞう","Amida","寺院の本尊は、左側に浄土真宗として知られている仏教の僧・親鸞（1173〜1263）の像と、右側に無限の仏の阿弥陀如来像が安置されています。","The principal images of the temple are, on the left, a statue of the Buddhist monk Shinran (1173–1263), the founder of the Jodo Shinshu sect, and, on the right, a statue of Amida, the Buddha of Infinite Light. "]
[34,"北海道","函館市","人物・人名・役職名","相馬哲平","そうまてっぺい","Soma Teppei","これは、函館で最も有名な商人の1人である相馬哲平（1833〜1921）の家でした。","This was the home of Soma Teppei (1833–1921), one of Hakodate’s most prominent merchants."]
[35,"北海道","（利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園）北海道","動物","丹頂鶴","たんちょうずる","red-crowned cranes","この地は、野生の花々や、丹頂鶴やオジロワシといった、様々な鳥類の住処になっています。","They are a habitat of wildflowers and bird species such as red-crowned cranes (tanchozuru; Grus japonensis) and white-tailed eagles (ojirowashi; Haliaeetus albicilla)."]
[36,"北海道","（利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園）北海道","動物","オジロワシ","おじろわし","white-tailed eagle","この地は、野生の花々や、丹頂鶴やオジロワシといった、様々な鳥類の住処になっています。","They are a habitat of wildflowers and bird species such as red-crowned cranes (tanchozuru; Grus japonensis) and white-tailed eagles (ojirowashi; Haliaeetus albicilla)."]
[37,"北海道","（利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園）北海道","植物","エゾカンゾウ","えぞかんぞう","yellow-flowering daylily","黄色い花を咲かせるエゾカンゾウ（Hemerocallis esculenta）と、オレンジ色のエゾスカシユリ（Lilium pensylvanicum）です。","These are the yellow-flowering daylily Ezo kanzo (Hemerocallis esculenta) and the orange Siberian lily (Ezo sukashiyuri; Lilium pensylvanicum). "]
[38,"北海道","（利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園）北海道","植物","エゾスカシユリ","えぞすかしゆり","Siberian lily","黄色い花を咲かせるエゾカンゾウ（Hemerocallis esculenta）と、オレンジ色のエゾスカシユリ（Lilium pensylvanicum）です。","These are the yellow-flowering daylily Ezo kanzo (Hemerocallis esculenta) and the orange Siberian lily (Ezo sukashiyuri; Lilium pensylvanicum). "]
[39,"北海道","（利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園）北海道","山岳","成層火山","せいそうかざん","composite volcano","利尻山（1,721メートル）は、尖った峰とドラマチックな稜線を有する成層火山です。","Mt. Rishiri (1,721 m) is a composite volcano with jagged peaks and dramatic ridgelines. "]
[40,"北海道","（利尻礼文サロベツ国立公園）北海道","植物","ハイマツ","はいまつ","Japanese stone pine","この展望台を囲うように茂っているのは、ハイマツ（haimatsu; Pinus pumila）や、耐性が高く丈夫なその他の高山植物です。ここで見られるこれらの植物は、日本で最も大きな島である本州で見られる場所と比べ、低い標高に育っています。","The lookout is surrounded by swathes of Japanese stone pines (haimatsu; Pinus pumila) and other hardy alpine vegetation, which grows here at much lower altitudes than on Honshu, Japan's largest island, because of the harsher Hokkaido climate."]
[41,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","庭園・公園","知床国立公園","しれとここくりつこうえん","Shiretoko National Park","知床国立公園 (609.89平方キロメートル) は知床半島に位置する広大な自然で、中央には知床連山があります。","Shiretoko National Park (609.89 sq km) is a vast wilderness on the Shiretoko Peninsula, along the Shiretoko mountain range. "]
[42,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","自然現象","流氷","りゅうひょう","drift ice","冬には大量の流氷が知床沖に到着します。","In winter, large amounts of drift ice arrive at the Shiretoko coast. "]
[43,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","動物","ヒグマ","ひぐま","brown bear","ヒグマは知床国立公園のシンボルで、日本で最大の陸生哺乳類です。","The brown bear (higuma; Ursus arctos) is a symbol of Shiretoko National Park and the largest land mammal in Japan. "]
[44,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","動物","エゾシカ","えぞしか","sika deer","エゾシカは 1900 年初期に北海道のいくつかの地域で絶滅寸前のところでした。","Sika deer were almost wiped out from some regions of Hokkaido in the early 1900s. "]
[45,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","動物","シマフクロウ","しまふくろう","Blakiston’s fish owl","シマフクロウは世界最大のフクロウの一種で、翼開長は1.8メートルに達することもあります。","Blakiston’s fish owl (shimafukuro; Bubo blakistoni) is one of the world’s largest owls, with a wingspan that can reach over 1.8 meters. "]
[46,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","動物","オジロワシ","おじろわし","white-tailed eagle","オジロワシは世界最大級のワシの一種です。","The white-tailed eagle (ojirowashi; Haliaeetus albicilla) is one of the largest eagles in the world. "]
[47,"北海道","（知床国立公園）北海道","動物","ギンザンマシコ","げんざんましこ","pine grosbeak","ギンザンマシコは知床国立公園に生息する珍しい小鳥でこの峠から見ることができます。 ","The pine grosbeak (ginzan mashiko; Pinicola enucleator) is a rare finch that lives in this area and can be seen from this pass. "]
[48,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","マリモ","まりも","marimo","マリモとはアエガグロピラリンナエイという緑藻の珍しい形状で、多数の繊維が球体状に集まった種類のことを指します。","Marimo are a rare form of Aegagropila linnaei, green algae comprising numerous filaments that clump together to form a spherical shape."]
[49,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","高原・湿原・原野","原生林","げんせいりん","primary-growth forest","阿寒湖畔エコミュージアムセンターは阿寒湖の南部に位置しており、巨大な原生林や壮観なカルデラ湖、湿地帯、独自の動植物など、公園内に広がる豊かな生態系を観光客に案内するために設立されました。","The Akankohan Eco-museum Center, located south of Lake Akan, introduces visitors to the rich ecosystems of this part of the park—deep primary-growth forests, spectacular calderas and caldera lakes, marshes, as well as unusual flora and fauna."]
[50,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","自然現象","ボッケ","ぼっけ","bokke","遊歩道では泥火山を見ることができます。「ボッケ」という名前はこの泥火山を指すアイヌの人々の言葉であり、「煮え立つ」という意味があります。","Several bubbling mud volcanoes can be seen from sections of the trail. These mud pools are called bokke, which means “to boil over” in the Ainu language."]
[51,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","キクイタダキ","きくいただき","goldcrest","キクイタダキは、頭頂部に色鮮やかな冠羽が細い縞模様になっていることからこの名が付けられました。","The goldcrest is named for the narrow stripe of colorful feathers on its crown."]
[52,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","ヤマセミ","やませみ","crested kingfisher","ヤマセミは素晴らしいハンターです。","The crested kingfisher is an excellent hunter. "]
[53,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","ホシガラス","ほしがらす","spotted nutcracker","ホシガラスはカラス科の仲間で、まだら模様の茶色い羽があります。","The spotted nutcracker is a member of the crow family (Corvidae) and has dappled, chocolate-brown plumage. "]
[54,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","テンツキ","てそつき","Forked fimbry","テンツキ（Fimbristylis dichotoma）は、広く分布しているカヤツリグサ科の植物です。","Forked fimbry (Fimbristylis dichotoma) is a widely distributed sedge grass. "]
[55,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","ヒメハギ","ひめばき","Japanese milkwort","ヒメハギ（Polygala japonica）はヒメハギ属の多年生植物です。","Japanese milkwort (Polygala japonica) is a perennial plant of the genus Polygala. "]
[56,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","アイヌキンオサムシ","あいぬきんおさむし","ground beetle","アイヌキンオサムシ（Carabus kolbei）は、北海道の固有種です。","The ground beetle (Carabus kolbei) is a species native to Hokkaido. "]
[57,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","シロマダラヒメハマキ","しろまだらひめはまき","tortrix moth","シロマダラヒメハマキ（Olethreutes bipunctanus yama）がいるのは山間部だけです。","The tortrix moth (Olethreutes bipunctanus yama) is confined to mountainous areas. "]
[58,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","マダラスズ","まだらすず","band-legged ground cricket","マダラスズ（Dianemobius nigrofasciatus）は北海道のいたるところで発生します。","The band-legged ground cricket (Dianemobius nigrofasciatus) occurs throughout Hokkaido. "]
[59,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","大助","だいすけ","Daisuke","大助（ダイスケ）はここで見られるヒグマで、1960年の春に北見相生の森で発見されました。","Daisuke, the brown bear seen here, was found as a young cub in the forests of Kitami Aioi in the spring of 1960. "]
[60,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","ヒガシカワトンボ","ひがしかわとんぼ","broad-winged damselfly","ヒガシカワトンボ（ニホンカワトンボ、学名Mnais costalis）は日本の固有種です。","The broad-winged damselfly (Mnais costalis) is endemic to Japan. "]
[61,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","ジョウザンエグリトビケラ","じょうざんえぐりとびけら","October caddisfly","ジョウザンエグリトビケラ（Dicosmoecus jozankeanus）は、北海道の川に生息しています。","The October caddisfly (Dicosmoecus jozankeanus) is native to the rivers of Hokkaido. "]
[62,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","クワヤマカクスイトビケラ","くわやまかくすいとびけら","humpless casemaker caddisfly","クワヤマカクスイトビケラ（Brachycentrus kuwayamai）は北海道で見られるトビケラの一種です。","The humpless casemaker caddisfly (Brachycentrus kuwayamai) is a species of caddisfly found in Hokkaido. "]
[63,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","フタスジモンカゲロウ","ふたすじもんかげろう","Japanese mayfly","フタスジモンカゲロウ（Ephemera japonica）は、日本全国で広く見られます。","The Japanese mayfly (Ephemera japonica) is seen widely throughout Japan. "]
[64,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","硫黄山","いおうさん","Mt. Io","つつじヶ原自然探勝路は、非常に活発な活火山である硫黄山（アトサヌプリ）の麓まで2.3kmに渡って続いています。","The Tsutsujigahara Nature Trail stretches 2.3 kilometers to the base of Mt. Io (Atosa-nupuri), a highly active volcano. "]
[65,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","アカエゾマツ","あかえぞまつ","Sakhalin spruce","エコミュージアムの裏手に広がる鬱蒼としたアカエゾマツの森に面した2階のカフェスペースには、座り心地の良い椅子とソファが備えられています。","The café space on the second floor is equipped with comfortable chairs and sofas that look out onto the thick Sakhalin spruce forest behind the ecomuseum. "]
[66,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","カルデラ湖","かるでらこ","caldera lake","標高857メートルの頂上からは、壮観なカルデラ湖や、摩周湖と知床国立公園の間に位置する標高1,547メートルの斜里岳を含めた、周辺の火山地帯を眺めることができます。","From the mountain’s 857-meter summit, you can view this spectacular caldera lake and the surrounding volcanic terrain, including Mt. Shari, a 1,547-meter peak located halfway between Lake Mashu and Shiretoko National Park. "]
[67,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","カラマツ","からまつ","Japanese larch","西別小屋からのルートは、カラマツと広葉樹の森を抜けて登っていきます。","The path from the Nishibetsu-goya (mountain hut) runs uphill through a forest of Japanese larch and broad-leaved trees. "]
[68,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","岩石・洞窟","屏風岩","びょうぶいわ","Byobuiwa","これらの木々の茂みを抜けると、屏風岩が現れます。","Past a thicket of these trees is Byobuiwa (“Folding Screen Rock”), a sheer wall of stone that somewhat resembles a folding screen. "]
[69,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","メアカンキンバイ","めあかんきんばい","Meakan-kinbai (Potentilla miyabei Makino)","その中でも、黄い色をした小さなメアカンキンバイや白い花弁が特徴的なメアカンフスマは雌阿寒岳で発見された花であり、それに因んで名前が付けられています。","These include the small, yellow Meakan-kinbai (Potentilla miyabei Makino) and the white-petaled Meakan-fusuma (Arenaria merckioides Maxim.). Both of these flowers were discovered on Mt. Meakan and thus bear its name in Japanese."]
[70,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","雄阿寒岳","おあかんだけ","Mt. Oakan","昔、カルデラには大きな湖が１つありました。しかし、約1万年前に幾度にもわたる噴火と溶岩が雄阿寒岳を形成し、湖も小さく分離していきました。その湖の中でも最も大きいのがパンケトーとペンケトーです。","Originally the caldera contained a single, very large lake, but this was divided into several smaller lakes when multiple eruptions and lava flows created Mt. Oakan around 10,000 years ago. "]
[71,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","活火山","かっかざん","active volcano","その風景は何十万年も前の大型噴火の結果できたもので、活火山や多様な動植物、世界最大級のカルデラ湖を擁しています。","The landscape is the result of major eruptions some hundreds of thousands of years ago, and features active volcanoes, diverse fauna and flora, and Japan’s largest caldera lake. "]
[72,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","国設阿寒湖畔スキー場","こくせつあかんこはんすきーじょう","Akankohan National Ski Area","国設阿寒湖畔スキー場から始まるこのコースは比較的なだらかで、スキー場の下から白湯山展望台（800m）までの所要時間も1.5時間程度です。","From Akankohan National Ski Area, it is a relatively easy 1.5-hour trek from the bottom of the ski field to the Mt. Hakuto Observatory (800 m)."]
[73,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","建造物等","まりもの里桟橋","まりものさとさんばし","Marimo-no-Sato Pier","ボッケ遊歩道は、阿寒湖の湖畔にあるまりもの里桟橋から阿寒湖畔エコミュージアムセンターまで続いています。","The Bokke Walking Trail stretches from Marimo-no-Sato Pier on the shore of Lake Akan to the Akankohan Eco-museum Center. "]
[74,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","クマゲラ","けまげら","black woodpecker","森を歩いている際には、様々な野鳥のさえずりや、クマゲラが木の幹にあけた楕円形の穴に注意してみてください。","While walking through the forest, listen to the variety of birdsong and look for the oblong holes that black woodpeckers bore into the trunks of the trees. "]
[75,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","ハイマツ","はいまつ","Japanese stone pine","アカエゾマツの高木やミズナラ が繁茂する森の真ん中からスタートし、ハイマツの低木やイソツツジなど、珍しい高山植物の草地に入っていきます。","It starts in the middle of a verdant forest of towering Sakhalin spruce and Mongolian oak before entering a meadow of rare alpine plants, including stubby Japanese stone pines and Labrador tea. "]
[76,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","乗物","丸木舟","まるきぶね","marukibune","言い伝えによると、アイヌの人々は、クマゲラによって木の幹に作られた穴に着想を得て丸木舟（伝統的なアイヌのカヌー）を作ったとされています。","Legend suggests the Ainu were inspired to make their marukibune (traditional Ainu canoes) after seeing the holes the woodpeckers make in the trunks of trees. "]
[77,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","和琴半島自然探勝路","わことはんとうしぜんたんしょうろ","Wakoto Nature Trail","和琴半島自然探勝路からは、木屈斜路湖の周りに育つ々や、その他の面白い植物を見ることができます。","The trees, along with other interesting flora that grows along the shore of Lake Kussharo, can be seen on the Wakoto Nature Trail. "]
[78,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","和琴フィールドハウス","わことふぃーるどはうす","Wakoto Field House","川湯エコミュージアム、阿寒湖畔エコミュージアム、和琴フィールドハウスの3つの主要なセンターでは、現地の野生生物や地形の情報を提供し、ヒグマの目撃情報を発信しています。","The three main centers—the Kawayu Eco-museum Center, the Akankohan Eco-museum Center, and the Wakoto Field House—offer information on the local wildlife and terrain and provide updates on any bear sightings. "]
[79,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","庭園・公園","阿寒摩周国立公園","あかんましゅうこくりつこうえん","Akan-Mashu National Park","阿寒摩周国立公園は、園内の至る所に多くの源泉が湧き出す温泉天国です。","The Akan-Mashu National Park is a hot-spring haven, with multiple sources found throughout the park. "]
[80,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","摩周湖","あかんこ","Lake Mashu","このカルデラいっぱいに形作られた摩周湖（19平方キロメートル）の水は、世界でも有数の透明度を誇ります。","Lake Mashu (19 sq km) fills the caldera to its brim and is one of the world’s most transparent lakes. "]
[81,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","カルデラ","かるでら","caldera","また、カルデラ周辺には大きさの異なる約10つの湖が点在しており、それらの多くはこれらの火山が噴火した際にできたと言われています。","There are approximately 10 lakes of varying sizes within Akan Caldera, many of which were formed when these volcanoes erupted. Lake Akan, the largest crater lake in the caldera, covers 13 square kilometers. "]
[82,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","雌阿寒岳","めあかん","Mt. Meakan","日本の民話によると、雌阿寒岳と雄阿寒岳は夫婦だと考えられています。","According to Japanese folklore, Mt. Meakan and Mt. Oakan are considered to be a married couple. "]
[83,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","摩周岳","ましゅうだけ","Mt. Mashu","摩周岳登山道は、深い青色のカルデラ湖である美しい摩周湖の端を囲むように続き、その後、急勾配で標高857メートルの頂上へと続きます。","The Mt. Mashu Trekking Trail follows the caldera rim and overlooks Lake Mashu, a striking, deep-blue caldera lake, before rising steeply to the 857-meter summit. "]
[84,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","西別岳","にしべつだけ","Mt. Nishibetsu","西別岳登山道のメインの見所は西別岳の山頂799.5メートルからのパノラマの眺めと、６月から７月にかけて山の斜面を鮮やかに彩るたくさんの高山植物の花です。","The Mt. Nishibetsu Trekking Trail’s main draws are panoramic views from the summit of Mt. Nishibetsu (799.5 m) and vast fields of colorful alpine flowers that brighten the mountain’s slopes in June and July. "]
[85,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","ハイランド小清水 725","はいらんどこしみず 725","Highland Koshimizu 725","頂上までは、海抜725メートルのところにある、展望台と小さなカフェがあるハイランド小清水725から始まる２キロのスカイライン遊歩道を通るのが一番容易なルートです。","The easiest route to the summit is via the approximately 2-kilometer Skyline Trail that begins at Highland Koshimizu 725, an observatory and small café 725 meters above sea level. "]
[86,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","阿寒富士","あかんふじ","Mt. Akanfuji","またそこからは、隣山である阿寒富士へ伸びるコースが続いており、約2.5時間で往復することが可能です。","From the summit, there is a trail to neighboring Mt. Akanfuji that takes 2.5 hours round-trip."]
[87,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","パンケトー湖","ぱんけとーこ","Lake Panketo","雄阿寒岳（1371m）は、阿寒摩周国立公園内にある活火山で、阿寒カルデラやパンケトー湖、ペンケトー湖、阿寒湖を含めた阿寒エリアを幅広く見渡せる素晴らしい景色が登山客に人気です。","Mt. Oakan (1,371 m), an active volcano in Akan-Mashu National Park, is popular with hikers for its sweeping views of the Akan Caldera, Lake Akan, Lakes Panketo and Penketo, and the wider Akan area."]
[88,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","オオアカゲラ","おおあかげら","white-backed woodpecker","オオアカゲラは、日本で2番目に大きなキツツキの仲間です。","The white-backed woodpecker is Japan’s second-largest woodpecker. "]
[89,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","海岸・岬","チュウルイ湾","ちゅうるいわん","Churui Bay","現在、マリモが直径最大30cmの球体まで成長できる環境が整っているのはチュウルイ湾だけです。","This species of algae can be found in other parts of the world in different forms, but Churui Bay is now the only place where marimo grow and develop into large spherical balls of up to 30 centimeters in diameter. "]
[90,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","阿寒湖","あかんこ","Lake Akan","阿寒湖に輸送された木材により湖の堆積物が異常に増えたことに加えて、水力発電機の影響で水位が著しく低下したといいます。","Lumber that had been transported on Lake Akan caused a harmful increase of sediment in the lake, and hydroelectric power generation caused water levels to drop significantly. "]
[91,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","アエガグロピラリンナエイ","あえがぐろぴらりんなえい","Aegagropila linnaei","マリモとはアエガグロピラリンナエイという緑藻の珍しい形状で、多数の繊維が球体状に集まった種類のことを指します。","Marimo are a rare form of Aegagropila linnaei, green algae comprising numerous filaments that clump together to form a spherical shape. "]
[92,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","まりも祭り","まりもまつり","Marimo Festival","これに続き、政府高官たちもこれまで受け取ったマリモを阿寒湖に返し始め、この行動が毎年10月に3日間開催さるまりも祭りへと繋がります。","This prompted other government officials who had been given marimo as gifts to return them to Lake Akan, leading to the creation of the Marimo Festival. "]
[93,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","乗物","チプ","ちぷ","cip","チプ（発音はChip）は丸木をくり抜いたカヌー（日本語では「丸木舟」）です。","The cip (pronounced chip) is a dugout canoe (marukibune in Japanese). "]
[94,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ヌサアン","ぬさあん","nusasan","ヌサアンにはイナウ（柳やみずきの樹皮を削って作る祭具）を並べたシンプルなものや、ござ、植物や頭蓋骨、食物や貴重な供え物などで飾られた複雑なものがあります。","The nusasan can be as simple as an array of inaw (prayer sticks made from the shaved inner bark of the willow tree), or adorned with an intricately woven mat, plants, skulls, and offerings of food or precious objects."]
[95,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","建造物等","チセ","ちせ","cise","アイヌの伝統的なチセ（住居）は囲炉裏（アイヌ語で火を表すアペに由来するアペソ）を中心に建築されています。","The traditional Ainu dwelling, or cise, is focused on the open hearth (apeso, from the Ainu word for fire, ape). "]
[96,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","食","トノト","とのと","tonoto","伝統的なお酒であるトノトは、発酵した米と雑穀から作られます。","The traditional alcoholic drink known as tonoto is made from fermented rice and millet. "]
[97,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","パスイ","ぱすい","pasuy","儀式の最中、パスイの先端にお酒をつけ、垂らすことでカムイへ捧げます。","During ceremonies, the tip of the pasuy is dipped into the tonoto drink, which is then offered to the gods."]
[98,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","タンネピコロ","たんねぴころ","tannepikoro (long sacred sword) ","タンネピコロ（長刀）とエムシ（刀）は悪霊から人々を守る偉大な力を有していると考えられており、どちらもアイヌの儀式に用いられます。","The tannepikoro (long sacred sword) and emus (sword) are both used for religious rituals, and are believed to have great power to protect people from evil spirits. "]
[99,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","ニンカリ","にんかり","ninkari","ニンカリとは円状の耳飾りです。","Ninkari are hooped earrings made in various sizes and often decorated with beads or metal balls. "]
[100,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","ムックリ","むっくり","mukkuri","ムックリは、木（主に竹）と弦から作られたアイヌの伝統的な口琴です。","The mukkuri is a traditional Ainu mouth harp made of wood (usually bamboo) and a string. "]
[101,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","タマサイ","たまさい","Tamasay","タマサイとはアイヌの女性たちが日常的な首飾りとして身につけられていました。","Tamasay necklaces used to be worn by Ainu women every day. "]
[102,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","イタ","いた","Ita","イタは手彫りの木のお盆で、家で物や食事を運ぶときに使われます。","Ita are hand-carved wooden trays used in the home to carry objects or serve food. "]
[103,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","アットゥシ","あっとぅし","attus","アットゥシに配されている幾何学模様は綿布（日本最大の島である本州との貿易で手に入れたもの）を染めた物を縫い付けています。","The geometric patterns on the attus are made from dyed cotton cloth (originally obtained through trade with Honshu, Japan’s largest island), which is sewn onto the garment. "]
[104,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","サパウンぺ","さぱうんぺ","sapampe","サパウンぺとは、儀式の際にアイヌ人の男性たちが被る儀式用の冠です。","The sapampe is a ceremonial crown worn by Ainu men during important religious ceremonies. "]
[105,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","エエペライ","ええぺらい","eeper’ay spear","しかし、エエペライと呼ばれる槍は狩猟に使われることはなく、チセノミ（竣工式）やイオマンテ（熊やシマフクロウなどの大切なカムイの魂を神の世界に帰す儀式）などの宗教の儀式に用いられます。","However, the eeper’ay spear was never used for hunting, but was instead reserved for religious rituals and ceremonies such as cise nomi (new-house celebrations) and the iomante, a ceremony to send important spiritual beings like bears and Blakiston’s fish owls back to the realm of the gods."]
[106,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","漆器","しっき","lacquerware","宝物として大切な儀式で飾られる漆器の箱から、木や布やアシで作られた日常で使うカバンやカゴなど、アイヌの村にある伝統的な容器で多種多様です。","Traditional storage containers in Ainu villages range from lacquerware boxes, displayed as treasures and used in important ceremonies, to everyday bags and baskets made from wood, fabric, or reeds. "]
[107,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","チェプケリ","ちぇぷけり","cep’keri (salmon-skin shoes)","サハリンと呼ばれる北海道の北方にある大きな島に住むアイヌ人たちはチェプケリという鮭皮を用いた靴を使用していました。","The Ainu community on Sakhalin, a large island directly north of Hokkaido, used salmon skin to make shoes known as cep’keri. "]
[108,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","シントコ","しんとこ","sintoko (lacquerware storage container)","伝統的なアイヌの住居において、神窓は玄関から遠く離れた家の端に設置されています。その横には、家宝を飾るためのイヨイキリとよばれる棚があります。家宝に並んでシントコと呼ばれる漆器の容器がおかれます。","In a traditional Ainu home, the sacred window is on the far side of the dwelling, opposite the entrance. Next to it is the iyoykir, a shelf used to display the home’s most precious objects. Among these are lacquerware containers called sintoko."]
[109,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","食","ニス","にす","nisu","大きな木のニス（臼）は、穀物を脱穀するために使われました。","Large wooden nisu (mortars) are used to thresh grain and pound flour. "]
[110,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","トゥムシコクパスイ","とぅむしこくぱすい","Tum-us-kot-pasuy","トゥムシコクパスイは精巧な彫刻が施された箸で、特別な祭典や儀式の時に使われます。","Tum-us-kot-pasuy are finely carved chopsticks used for special events and rituals."]
[111,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","工芸・美術品","チタラぺ","ちたらぺ","citarape","伝統的なアイヌの住居において、チタラぺ（藁で編んだマット）の用途は多岐にわたります。","In traditional Ainu homes, citarape (straw mats) are used for many purposes. "]
[112,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","オンネトー","おんねとー","Lake Onneto","オンネトーは阿寒摩周国立公園の最西端に位置し、雌阿寒岳の麓の小さな美しい湖です。","Lake Onneto is a small, picturesque lake at the foot of Mt. Meakan, in the westernmost region of Akan-Mashu National Park."]
[113,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","五色沼","ごしょくぬま","Lake of Five Colors","阿寒摩周国立公園の雌阿寒岳の麓に位置するこの美しい湖は、天気や風、時間帯によって色合いが青から緑まで変化するため「五色沼」と呼ばれています。","This scenic lake at the foot of Mt. Meakan in Akan-Mashu National Park is called the “Lake of Five Colors” because it appears to change color, shifting between hues of blue and green depending on the weather, wind, and time of day. "]
[114,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","滝","湯の滝","ゆのたき","Yunotaki Falls","オンネトー野営場の近くにある湯の滝は珍しい温泉の滝で、マンガンが堆積する稀な場所でもあります。多種多彩な動植物が特徴的です。","Onneto Yunotaki Falls, located near Onneto Campground, is an unusual hot-spring waterfall with rare manganese deposits. "]
[115,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","温泉","雌阿寒温泉","めあかんおんせん","Meakan Onsen","ここから、雌阿寒岳や雌阿寒温泉、オンネトー湯の滝（珍しくマンガン鉱石が堆積しているのを見られる温泉の滝）を探索出来ます。","Explore Mt. Meakan, Meakan Onsen, and Onneto Yunotaki Falls (a hot-spring waterfall with rare manganese deposits), and observe rich plant and animal life from along popular hiking trails. "]
[116,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","その他","国の天然記念物","くにのてんねんきねんぶつ","Natural Monument of Japan","地上でマンガン鉱床が発見された地球上でも貴重な場所の一つとして、オンネトー湯の滝は国の天然記念物に指定されています。","Onneto Yunotaki Falls is designated a Natural Monument of Japan for being one of the only places on Earth where manganese ore deposits can be found above ground."]
[117,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","その他","酸化マンガン","さんかまんがん","manganese oxide ore","オンネトー湯の滝は、高さ30メートルの温泉の滝です。酸化マンガンが堆積しているのを地球上でも珍しい場所です。","Onneto Yunotaki Falls is a 30-meter-high hot-spring waterfall and one of only a few places on Earth where you can see deposits of manganese oxide ore in a freshwater body. "]
[118,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","オンネトーコース","おんねとーこーす","Onneto Trail","オンネトーコースは、オンネトー野営場から始まり、針葉樹と落葉樹が混ざった森の中をジグザクと進んでいきます。","The Onneto Trail starts from Onneto Campground and leads along a winding path through a mixed coniferous and deciduous forest. "]
[119,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","オンネトー野営場","おんねとーやえいば","Onneto Campground","雌阿寒岳の山頂へは、雌阿寒温泉コース、オンネトーコース（オンネトー野営場から始まるコース）、阿寒湖畔コースの3つのコースがあります。","Three hiking trails lead to Mt. Meakan’s summit: the Meakan Onsen Trail, the Onneto Trail (which starts at Onneto Campground), and the Akankohan Trail. "]
[120,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","阿寒の山脈地帯","あかんのさんみゃくちたい","Akan mountain range","雌阿寒岳（1,499m）は阿寒湖の南西部にそびえる阿寒の山脈地帯で最も標高の高い山です。","Mt. Meakan (1,499 m) is the highest mountain in the Akan mountain range, standing to the southwest of Lake Akan. "]
[121,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","ポンマチネシリ火口","ぽんまちねしりかこう","Pon-machineshiri Crater","この火山地域は10つの山で構成されており、湯気が上がるポンマチネシリ火口と高山植物の草原が特徴的です。","This composite volcano consists of 10 peaks, and is home to steaming Pon-machineshiri Crater and alpine flower meadows. "]
[122,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","７合目","ななごうめ","Seventh Station","レベル2になると3つあるコースそれぞれの７合目からのルートが規制されます。","At level two, access is restricted from the Seventh Station of each of the mountain’s three hiking trails. At any level higher than two, all hiking trails are closed."]
[123,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","阿寒湖畔エコミュージアムセンター","あかんこはんえこみゅーじあむせんたー","Akankohan Eco-museum Center","レベルはいつでも変更される可能性があるため、山に登る前に、阿寒湖畔エコミュージアムセンターまたはオンラインで現状を確認してください：(https://www.jma.go.jp/en/volcano/map_1.html).","The status can change at any time, so check the conditions before hiking at the Akankohan Eco-museum Center or online: (https://www.jma.go.jp/en/volcano/map_1.html). "]
[124,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","オンネトー展望台コース","おんねとーてんぼうだいこーす","Onneto Lookout Trail","背景に山を望む景色を楽しむなら、湖西側にあるオンネトー展望台コースを選んでみてください。","Take the Onneto Lookout Trail on the western side of the lake for views with mountain backdrops. "]
[125,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","オンネトー東湖岸コース","おんねとーひがしこがんこーす","Lake Onneto East Bank Trail","全長1.9キロメートルのオンネトー東湖岸コースは、湖の東湖畔を沿うように伸びています。","The 1.9-kilometer Lake Onneto East Bank Trail follows the eastern shore of the lake. "]
[126,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","ハクサンシャクナゲ","はくさんしゃくなげ","Hakusan rhododendron flowers (Rhododendron brachycarpum). ","春になると、池の周りにピンク色のハクサンシャクナゲ（Hakusan rhododendron）が咲きます。","In spring, the area around the pond blooms with pink Hakusan rhododendron flowers (Rhododendron brachycarpum). "]
[127,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","錦沼","にしきぬま","Nishiki Pond","錦沼は949号線でオンネトーの南西に20分、雌阿寒温泉からオンネトー方面に約1.5キロの距離にある赤褐色の湖です。","Nishiki Pond is a rust-colored pond 20 minutes southwest of Lake Akan on Route 949, and about 1.5 kilometers from Meakan Onsen on the way to Lake Onneto. "]
[128,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","メアカンフスマ","めあかんふすま","Meakan-fusuma","メアカンフスマは、雌阿寒岳と北海道東部の知床半島に生育する多年生植物です。","The Meakan-fusuma is a perennial plant that grows on Mt. Meakan and in areas of the Shiretoko Peninsula in eastern Hokkaido. "]
[129,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","エゾシマリス","えぞしまりす","Siberian chipmunk","アカエゾマツの原生林では、クマゲラやアジア唯一のシマリスであるエゾシマリスなどの野生動物を目にすることができるかもしれません。","Along the way, you will pass through old-growth forests of Sakhalin spruce, and you may encounter wildlife such as the large black woodpeckers and the Siberian chipmunk, the only species of chipmunk in Asia."]
[130,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","温泉","野中温泉旅館","のなかおんせんりょかん","Nonaka Hot Spring Hotel","ミネラル豊かな浴室がある野中温泉旅館は、雌阿寒岳を目指す登山客に人気があります。","The baths at the Nonaka Hot Spring Hotel remain a popular haven for hikers looking to relax after scaling Mt. Meakan. "]
[131,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","ラワンぶき","らわんぶき","Rawan-buki","ラワンぶき(日本の巨大な蕗)は登録された北海道産の植物で、足寄町でのみ見られます。","Rawan-buki (Giant Japanese butterbur), is a registered Hokkaido Heritage plant found only in the town of Ashoro. "]
[132,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","その他","国道241号線","こくどう241ごうせん","Route 241","滝は国道241号線から少しだけ離れた場所にあり、道路上には入り口を示す看板があります。","The waterfall is located just off Route 241; a sign on the highway marks the entrance. "]
[133,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","滝","白藤の滝","しらふじのたき","Shirafuji Falls","白藤の滝は、足寄町の白水川にある滝です。","Shirafuji Falls is a waterfall on the Hakusui River in the town of Ashoro. "]
[134,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","エゾリス","えぞりす","Hokkaido squirrel","エゾリスは、北海道の低地に生息する最も一般的なリスです。","The Hokkaido squirrel is the most common species of squirrel found in the lowlands of Hokkaido. "]
[135,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","温泉","雌阿寒温泉","めあかんおんせん","Meakan Onsen","阿寒摩周国立公園全域、特に雌阿寒温泉や雌阿寒岳の近くに生育している常緑樹で、保護対象とされています。","This evergreen grows throughout Akan-Mashu National Park, where it is a protected species, especially near Meakan Onsen and on Mt. Meakan. "]
[136,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","河川・渓谷","釧路川","くしろかわ","Kushiro River","釧路川は、屈斜路湖から太平洋に流れる美しい河川です。","The Kushiro River is a beautiful stretch of water that flows from Lake Kussharo to the Pacific Ocean. "]
[137,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","カツラ","かつら","Katsura","半島を一周するおよそ2時間のコースは、カツラの巨木の森と地熱活動の活発なエリアを通りぬけるアップダウンのあるコースです。","The trail around the Wakoto Peninsula is an up-and-down course that passes through a forest of giant Katsura and areas of intense geothermal activity. "]
[138,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","和琴半島湖畔","わことはんとうこはん","Wakoto-hanto Kohan","弟子屈エリアには、砂湯、和琴、和琴半島湖畔という3つの大きなキャンプ場があります。","There are three main camping grounds in the Teshikaga area: Sunayu, Wakoto, and Wakoto-hanto Kohan. "]
[139,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","屈斜路湖","くっしゃろこ","Lake Kussharo","大人向けのツアーには屈斜路湖の湖畔を駆ける湖畔コースや草原コースがあります。ランチや温泉体験を組み込んだロングプログラムもあります。","Tours for adults include a lakeside course, which follows a section of the Lake Kussharo shore, and a grassland course. Some longer tours include lunch and a hot-spring visit. "]
[140,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","河川・渓谷","弟子屈","てしかが","Teshikaga","北海道は第一級の釣り場の宝庫です。弟子屈の河川は至る所から釣り人を集めています。","Hokkaido is a prime destination for fishing, and the waterways of Teshikaga draw freshwater anglers from all over Japan. "]
[141,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","温泉","川湯温泉","かわゆおんせん","Kawayu Onsen","弟子屈には川湯温泉と摩周温泉の二つの温泉地があります。","There are two hot-spring areas in Teshikaga: Kawayu Onsen and Mashu Onsen. "]
[142,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","摩周温泉道の駅","ましゅうおんせんどうのえき","Mashu Onsen Roadside Station","摩周温泉道の駅や摩周駅では無料で利用できる足湯もあります。","There are also footbaths that can be used free of charge at Mashu Onsen Roadside Station and Mashu Station."]
[143,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","藻琴山","もことやま","Mt. Mokoto","摩周岳と西別岳の頂上までのトレイルは中級のハイカー向けですが、藻琴山のハイキング道はほとんどの運動レベルの人に最適です。","The trails to the summits of Mt. Mashu and Mt. Nishibetsu are suitable for intermediate hikers, whereas the track leading up Mt. Mokoto can be tackled by hikers of most fitness levels. "]
[144,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","カムイシュ","かむいしゅ","Kamuishu","カムイシュは摩周湖に浮かぶ唯一の島です。島は溶岩が固まってできた柱で、湖底から約240メートルの高さがあります。","Kamuishu, Lake Mashu’s only island, is a pillar of lava that rises some 240 meters from the lakebed. "]
[145,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","湖沼","キンムトー","きんむとー","Kinmuto Pond","キンムトーは屈斜路湖の東方、山の中深くにある、澄んだ美しい沼です。","Kinmuto Pond is a beautiful clear pond deep in the mountains on the eastern side of Lake Kussharo. "]
[146,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","ポンポン山","ぽんぽんやま","Mt. Ponpon","他にも、ポンポン山には、一年中緑のコケがはびこっているという変わった現象があります。","Mt. Ponpon is known for another phenomenon: thick green moss growing over its surface year-round."]
[147,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","温泉","オヤコツ地獄","おやこつじごく","Oyakotsu Jigoku","アカエゾマツの森を抜ける曲がりくねった細道をたどり、カツラの巨木を通って、オヤコツ地獄に到着します。","Follow the narrow path that winds through a forest of Sakhalin spruce and Katsura trees to Oyakotsu Jigoku, an area of intense geothermal activity where sulfurous plumes of steam rise from cracks in the ground. "]
[148,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","河川・渓谷","尾札部川","おさっぺがわ","Osappe River","屈斜路湖に流れる一番大きな支流が尾札部川です。","The Osappe River is the largest tributary flowing into Lake Kussharo. "]
[149,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","藻琴峠","もこととげ","Mokoto Pass","藻琴峠は、屈斜路湖の北に連なる山並みを通り抜け、川湯温泉と東藻琴村を結ぶ道路です。","Mokoto Pass is a road that runs through the mountains north of Lake Kussharo, linking Kawayu Onsen and the village of Higashi Mokoto. "]
[150,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","大鵬相撲記念館","たいほうすもうきねんかん","Taiho Sumo Memorial Museum","大鵬相撲記念館は、大相撲の歴史に勇名を刻んだ名横綱・大鵬の偉業を伝えています。","The Taiho Sumo Memorial Museum is dedicated to one of the most successful grand champions in modern sumo history. "]
[151,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","川湯エコミュージアム・センター","かわゆえこみゅーじあむ・せんたー","Kawayu Eco-museum Center","川湯エコミュージアム・センターは、川湯温泉エリアの美しい森の中にあるミュージアム兼ビジターセンター です。","The Kawayu Eco-museum Center is a museum and visitor center, centrally located in the Kawayu Onsen area. "]
[152,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","900草原","きゅうまるまるそうげん","900 Grassland","900草原（きゅうまるまるそうげん）は展望台やカジュアルなレストランを備えた広大な牧草地です。","Visitors to 900 Grassland will discover sweeping views from the observation deck, tasty local food, and park golf courses. "]
[153,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","動物","エゾクロテン","えぞくろてん","Hokkaido sable","エゾクロテンはイタチ科の仲間です。","The Hokkaido sable is a member of the weasel family. "]
[154,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","庭園・公園","水郷公園","すいごうこうえん","Suigo Park","道路を渡った反対側に広々とした水郷公園があり、園内の池の水辺に野鳥観察小屋もあります。","Suigo Park, a large park with a pond and bird-watching pavilion, is just across the road. "]
[155,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","食","牛のおっぱい","うしのおっぱい","Ushi no Oppai","また、弟子屈のミルクブランドである牛のおっぱいは放牧された牛から採られたリッチでクリーミーなミルクです。 ","Also look for the rich and creamy Ushi no Oppai (cow’s udder) brand of Teshikaga milk, which comes from a free-ranging herd. "]
[156,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","岩石・洞窟","火山灰","かざんばい","volcanic ash","硫黄山の近くでは火山灰がまるで絨毯のように地面を覆っています。","Closer to Mt. Io, volcanic ash carpets the ground. "]
[157,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","その他","森林浴","しんりんよく","shinrin-yoku","日本語で「森林浴」として知られる森林セラピーは日本発祥です。","Forest therapy, known as shinrin-yoku in Japanese, originated in Japan. "]
[158,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","テーマ施設等","津別峠展望台","つべつとげてんぼうだい","Tsubetsu Toge Observatory","津別峠展望台は山頂にある大きな施設で周囲の環境の美しい眺めを楽しめます。","The Tsubetsu Toge Observatory is a large mountaintop facility that offers beautiful views of the surrounding environment. "]
[159,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","自然現象","火山噴火","かざんふんか","volcanic eruption","複数の火山噴火によって、かなり昔に形成されました","It was formed long ago by multiple volcanic eruptions. "]
[160,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","マリモ","まりも","Marimo","アイヌの言葉で、マリモは「トラサンベ」と呼ばれ、それは「湖の御霊」を意味します。"," In the Ainu language, Marimo are called torasanbe which means “spirit of the lake.”"]
[161,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","エゾシカ","えぞしか","Yezo shika deer","厳しい冬の間、餌が容易に得られるボッケの周りに、エゾシカが集まっているのをよく見かけます。","It is common to see Yezo shika deer gather around bokke during the harsh winter months because of the abundance of food available. "]
[162,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","エゾモモンガ","えぞももんが"," Siberian flying squirrel","エゾモモンガは、小さな体と大きな丸い目を持っているため、北海道で最もかわいらしい動物の1つとして知られています。","With its tiny body and big, round eyes, the Siberian flying squirrel is one of Hokkaido's most adorable inhabitants. "]
[163,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","クマゲラ","くまげら","black woodpecker","クマゲラは、日本に生息するキツツキ科の中で最大種です。","The black woodpecker is the largest species of woodpecker living in Japan. "]
[164,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","オジロワシ","おじろわし","white-tailed eagle","オジロワシの成鳥は、体長70～100センチで、翼を広げると180～240センチです。","Adult white-tailed eagles grow to 70 to 100 cm in length with a wingspan of 180 to 240 cm. "]
[165,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","イトウ","いとう","Sakhalin taimen","アイヌの伝説では、イトウはエゾシカを攻撃し、川の流れを止めることができる魚です。","In Ainu legend, Sakhalin taimen are powerful enough to attack Yezo shika deer or stop a river’s flow."]
[166,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","ヒメマス","ひめます","kokanee salmon","ヒメマスは成魚になるのに約３年かかります。","Kokanee salmon take approximately three years to reach adulthood. "]
[167,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","ワカサギ","わかさぎ"," Japanese smelt ","ワカサギは、体長わずか10センチほどの小さな魚です。","The Japanese smelt is a small fish of approximately ten centimeters in length."]
[168,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","オオハクチョウ","おおはくちょう","whooper swan","砂湯は雪や氷に覆われた屈斜路湖をバックにオオハクチョウを撮影する絶好のスポットになっています。","Sunayu is a popular spot for photographers to capture shots of whooper swans against backdrops of fresh snow and frozen water. "]
[169,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","アイヌキンオサムシ","あいぬきんおさむし"," Ainukin-osamushi ","森には、エゾシカ、ヒグマ、エゾモモンガ、クマゲラ、アイヌキンオサムシという多色の虫、その他、北海道特有の多くの野生動物が生息しています。","These forests are inhabited by Yezo shika deer, brown bears, Siberian flying squirrels, black woodpeckers, a multi-colored beetle called Ainukin-osamushi (Carabus kolbei), and many other wild animals found only in Hokkaido."]
[170,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","アカエゾマツ","あかえぞまつ","Sakhalin spruce","雌阿寒温泉の辺りの山麓の丘は、アカエゾマツの広大な森で覆われています","A vast forest of Sakhalin spruce covers the foothills around Meakan Onsen."]
[171,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","ダケカンバ","だけかんば","Erman’s birch","双岳台は、エゾマツとダケカンバに囲まれています。","Sogakudai is surrounded by a forest of Yezo spruce and Erman’s birch."]
[172,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","ミズナラ","みずなら","Japanese oak","この散策路は、アカエゾマツが密生する森から、ミズナラの森を通り、ハイマツやイソツツジで覆われた低地へと続いています。","The trail winds through a lush forest of Sakhalin spruce and into a forest of Japanese oak before opening onto lowlands covered in Japanese pine stone and marsh Labrador tea. "]
[173,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","ラワンブキ","らわんぶき","Rawan-buki ","ラワンブキが何故これほど巨大に育つかについては分かっていません。","The reason Rawan-buki grow so high here remains unknown. "]
[174,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","メアカンキンバイ","めあかんきんばい","Meakan-kinbai","メアカンキンバイは、最初の発見地である雌阿寒岳にちなんで名付けられた、珍しい高山植物です。","Named after Mt. Meakan where it was first discovered, the Meakan-kinbai (Potentilla miyabei Makino) is a rare alpine plant."]
[175,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","メアカンフスマ","めあかんふすま","Meakan-fusuma","雌阿寒岳では、メアカンフスマは、ハイマツの森の上にそびえる岩だらけの斜面に生え、標高1,000メートルから始まって、標高1,499メートルの山頂にまで生息しています。","On Mt. Meakan, Meakan-fusuma inhabits the rocky slopes above the forest of creeping pines, starting at an altitude of 1,000m and continuing up to the 1,499 m summit. "]
[176,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","植物","高山植物","こうざんしょくぶつ","alpine plant","メアカンフスマは、最初の発見地である雌阿寒岳にちなんで名付けられました。たくさんの小さな白い花をつける高山植物で、夜空の数百万の星に似ています。","Meakan-fusuma (Arenaria merckioides Maxim.) is a plant named after Mt. Meakan, where it was first discovered. It is an alpine plant with a mass of tiny white flowers, resembling the stars in the night sky. "]
[177,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","組織・団体","アイヌ","あいぬ","Ainu","阿寒摩周地域は、1934年に国立公園に指定されましたが、この土地には、はるか昔からアイヌの人々が住んでいました。","The Akan-Mashu area was designated a national park in 1934. The Ainu people have lived on this land from ancient times."]
[178,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","集落・街","コタン","こたん"," kotan","アイヌの人々は、アイヌ語でコタンと呼ばれる集落に住んでいました。","The Ainu traditionally lived in villages, called kotan in the Ainu language. "]
[179,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","建造物等","チセ","ちせ","chise","集落では、木や、笹、葦などのような自然のものを使い、ブドウの蔓で縛るなどしてチセという家を建てていました。","In these villages, the Ainu built houses called chise that were made of natural materials such as trees, bamboo grass, or reeds, tied together with plants such as grape vines."]
[180,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","カムイノミ","かむいのみ"," kamui-nomi","神に感謝をささげ、平和の継続を祈るため、カムイノミという儀式をよく行いました。","Rituals called kamui-nomi are performed to give thanks to the spirits and pray for continued peace."]
[181,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","自然現象","ボッケ","ぼっけ","bokke","ボッケとは、地下から絶え間なく噴出する煮え立つ泥のことです。","Bokke is boiling mud that erupts continuously from underground. "]
[182,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","自然現象","複合火山","ふくごうかざん","composite volcano","アイヌ語では、雌阿寒岳は「雌山」を意味するマチネシリです。雄阿寒岳の妻と言われています。雌阿寒岳は、約2万年ずっと活動を続けている複合火山です。度重なる噴火によって、この山の10個の山ができました。","In the Ainu language, Mt. Meakan is called Machineshiri, which means “female mountain.” It is considered to be the wife of Mt. Oakan. Meakan, a composite volcano that has been active for approximately 20,000 years, has repeatedly erupted, creating the mountain’s ten summits. "]
[183,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","自然現象","寄生火山","きせいかざん","parasite volcano","最高峰ポンマチネシリは、約4千年前にできました。阿寒富士は2千年前に形成された寄生火山です。","The highest peak, Ponmachineshiri, was formed approximately 4,000 years ago, while Mt. Akanfuji is a parasite volcano that is about 2,000 years old."]
[184,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","自然現象","火山帯","かざんたい","volcanic belt","この火山帯は知床から、北海道の北東1300キロの千島列島まで続いています。","This volcanic belt continues from Shiretoko to the Kuril Islands, the island chain stretching approximately 1,300km northeast of Hokkaido."]
[185,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","その他","硫黄","いおう","sulfur","硫黄山の硫黄は、染料や燃料のような日用品として、使われていました。","The sulfur in Mt. Io has long been used for goods such as dyes and matches. "]
[186,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","その他","硫黄ガス","いおうがす"," sulfuric gases","この付近には十分な案内看板や柵はありません。ボッケから出る硫黄ガスは強烈なことがありますから、近づきすぎないよう十分に注意して下さい。","Although there are no signboards or fences in the area, the sulfuric gases emitted from the bokke can be strong, so please be careful not to approach too close. "]
[187,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","自然現象","雲海","うんかい","unkai","ここは、6月から10月の早朝にカルデラ湖の上に漂う、「雲海」として知られる自然現象を見るには、最高の場所でもあります。","This viewpoint is also the best place to see the natural phenomenon known as unkai (sea of clouds) that sweeps over the caldera early in the morning, typically between June and October. "]
[188,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","動物","ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.\n","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もあります。"]
[189,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","その他","酸化マンガン","さんかまんがん","manganese oxide","オンネトー湯の滝には、鉄や乾電池の製造に使用される重要な鉱物である、酸化マンガンを生成する微生物が生息しています。","Onneto Yunotaki Falls is home to microorganisms that produce manganese oxide, an important mineral used in the manufacturing of iron and dry cell batteries."]
[190,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）環境省阿寒摩周国立公園管理事務所","レジャー・アクティビティ","ワカサギ釣り","わかさぎつり","smelt fishing","1月から3月には、凍った阿寒湖の上で、冬のワカサギ釣りという珍しいスポーツに挑戦できます。","From January to March, visitors and locals alike can enjoy the rare sport of winter smelt fishing from atop the frozen Lake Akan. "]
[191,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）北海道","高原・湿原・原野","釧路湿原","くしろしつげん","Kushiro Shitsugen","1980年に釧路湿原は、湿原の保全の枠組みを示す国際条約であるラムサール条約において、日本で初となる登録湿地となり、その７年後、国立公園に指定されました。","In 1980, Kushiro Shitsugen became the first site in Japan to be protected by the Ramsar Convention, an international treaty that provides the framework for conservation of wetland areas. "]
[192,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","社会","縄文海進","じょうもんかいしん","Jomon Transgression","これが縄文時代（12,000年前頃から2,400年前頃までの期間）の名を冠して縄文海進として知られる地質的現象です。","This was a geological event known as the Jomon Transgression, named after the Jomon period (approximately 12,000 to 2,400 years ago)."]
[193,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","社会","擦文時代","さつもんじだい","Satsumon period","擦文時代は本州の平安時代（紀元後794年－1185年）と一致します。","The Satsumon period coincided with Honshu’s Heian period (794–1185)."]
[194,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","マリモ","まりも","Marimo","阿寒湖はカルデラ湖であり、マリモと呼ばれる希少な球状の緑藻の生息地として有名です。","Lake Akan is a caldera lake, most famous for being home to Marimo, a rare spherical green alga."]
[195,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","自然現象","ボッケ","ぼっけ"," bokke","硫黄性の蒸気を噴出する硫黄山や、阿寒湖の岸沿いに見られるボッケと呼ばれる沸騰する火山泥の沼地などは今日まで続く火山活動の一部です。","Volcanic activity continues to this day in the form of steaming sulfur mounds at Mt. Io, as well as pools of boiling volcanic mud called bokke that are found along the shore of Lake Akan."]
[196,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","タンチョウ","たんちょう"," red-crowned crane","タンチョウは日本語で丹頂（たんちょう）と呼ばれるように前頭部に赤い皮膚の斑点が付いています。","In Japanese, red-crowned cranes are called tancho, which refers to the patch of red skin on their forehead. "]
[197,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","イトウ","いとう","Sakhalin taimen","イトウはサケの希少種で、日本における最大の淡水魚です。北海道だけでなく、サハリン（樺太）やロシア極東の千島列島でも生息が確認されています。","Sakhalin taimen, or ito in Japanese, is a rare species of salmon and the largest freshwater fish in Japan. As well as Hokkaido, they are also found in Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands at the extreme east of Russia. "]
[198,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","エゾシカ","えぞしか","Yezo shika deer","2016年に開業したクレインズテラスの店舗では、地元産の野菜、エゾシカバーガー、ソフトクリームなどの地産地消メニュー、釧路・阿寒の特産品や土産物などを販売しています。","Opened in 2016, the store sells locally-grown vegetables, local dishes such as Yezo shika deer burgers, and ice cream, as well as products and souvenirs from Kushiro and Akan. "]
[199,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","キタキツネ","きたきつね","Ezo red fox","釧路湿原は、タンチョウ、キタキツネ、エゾリス、シマフクロウやオジロワシを含め、200種以上の鳥類や動物が生息しております。","Kushiro Marsh is inhabited by more than 200 species of birds and animals, including red-crowned cranes, Ezo red foxes, Ezo true squirrels, Blakiston’s fish owls, and white-tailed eagles."]
[200,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","エゾリス","えぞりす","Ezo true squirrel","釧路湿原は、タンチョウ、キタキツネ、エゾリス、シマフクロウやオジロワシを含め、200種以上の鳥類や動物が生息しております。","Kushiro Marsh is inhabited by more than 200 species of birds and animals, including red-crowned cranes, Ezo red foxes, Ezo true squirrels, Blakiston’s fish owls, and white-tailed eagles."]
[201,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","シマフクロウ","しまふくろう","Blakiston’s fish owl","湿原には、タンチョウ、シマフクロウ、イトウ、キタサンショウウオなど、多くの希少種が生息しており、湿原周囲の歩道や展望台から観察することができます。","The wetland is home to many rare species, including red-crowned cranes, Blakiston’s fish owls, Sakhalin taimen, and Siberian salamanders."]
[202,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","史跡","貝塚","かいづか","shell mound","東釧路および台地の東側の細岡では、アサリやカキなどの貝塚が発掘され、有史以前に人々が住み着いていた痕跡が認められます。","At East Kushiro and Hosooka, on the east side of the plateau, excavated shell mounds consisting mainly of clams and oysters provide evidence of prehistoric human activity."]
[203,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","エゾモモンガ","えぞももんが","Ezo flying squirrel","北海道東部への自然界を感じる北海道ゾーンに踏み込めば、エゾヒグマやシマフクロウ、エゾモモンガなど、この地固有の動物が展示されています。","This area is dedicated to Hokkaido brown bears, Blakiston’s fish owls, Ezo flying squirrels, and other animals native to the region. "]
[204,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","オジロワシ","おじろわし"," white-tailed eagle","釧路湿原は、タンチョウ、キタキツネ、エゾリス、シマフクロウやオジロワシを含め、200種以上の鳥類や動物が生息しております。","Kushiro Marsh is inhabited by more than 200 species of birds and animals, including red-crowned cranes, Ezo red foxes, Ezo true squirrels, Blakiston’s fish owls, and white-tailed eagles."]
[205,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","動物","キタサンショウウオ","きたさんしょううお","Siberian salamander","またサケ科の淡水魚イトウやキタサンショウウオの生息地でもあります。","It provides vital habitat for Sakhalin taimen, a freshwater salmon, and the Siberian salamander. "]
[206,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ヤチボウズ","やちぼうず","yachibozu","最も希少な植物のひとつとして、坊主頭のように見えるスゲの、ヤチボウズがあります。ヤチボウズは「湿地の坊主」を意味します。"," One of the rarest plants is the yachibozu, which are sedges that look like a bald head, hence the name yachibozu which means “marshland monk.” "]
[207,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","ワカサギ釣り","わかさぎつり","smelt fishing","干潮時にはシジミ貝を捕ることができ、冬には、ワカサギ釣りを楽しむことが出来ます。 ","Ocean when the water level rises. It is possible to go digging for Shijimi clams at low tide, while pond smelt fishing is available during the winter. "]
[208,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","集落・街","コタン","こたん","kotan","日本の先住民族であるアイヌ民族は、何世紀にも渡って北海道に居住し、コタンと呼ばれる集落に住んでいました。 ","As the indigenous people of Japan, the Ainu have inhabited Hokkaido for centuries, living in villages called kotan. "]
[209,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","スゲ","すげ","sedge"," スゲは高さ60〜80cmに成長し、ヨシは2m以上に成長します。","Kushiro Marsh is primarily covered in sedges and reeds. The sedges grow to 60–80 cm in height, while the reeds grow to over 2 m. "]
[210,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ヨシ","よし","reed","ヨシは、湿原を潤す河川から栄養分を得て繁殖し、スゲは、水位のより高い池や川を覆い、日の当たる場所で繁殖します。","Reeds are expansive, gaining nutrients from the rivers that flood the marshland, while sedges usually cover old ponds and rivers where water levels are higher and they are exposed to plenty of sunlight."]
[211,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ハンノキ","はんのき","Japanese alder","ハンノキは、湿原で林を維持できる数少ない樹木です。","The Japanese alder is one of only a few tree species that can sustain forest growth in wetlands. "]
[212,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ミズゴケ","みずごけ","peat moss"," 釧路湿原は、ヨシ・シゲ湿原、ミズゴケ湿原、ハンノキ林で構成され、3つの地層で成り立っています。 "," The marsh is composed of areas of sedge-reed bog, peat moss bog, and Japanese alder forests. "]
[213,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","イソツツジ","いそつつじ"," Labrador tea","スポンジのように水を保持するミズゴケは、イソツツジやヒメシャクナゲなどの高地や寒冷に強い植物の成長に理想的な条件を提供します。","This moss, which retains water like a sponge, provides ideal conditions for the growth of high-altitude and cold-resistant flora such as Labrador tea and Bog-rosemary."]
[214,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ヒメシャクナゲ","ひめしゃくなげ","Bog-rosemary","スポンジのように水を保持するミズゴケは、イソツツジやヒメシャクナゲなどの高地や寒冷に強い植物の成長に理想的な条件を提供します。","This moss, which retains water like a sponge, provides ideal conditions for the growth of high-altitude and cold-resistant flora such as Labrador tea and Bog-rosemary."]
[215,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ミツガシワ","みつがしわ"," bog-bean","白い房を持つ花を咲かせるミツガシワや淡い紫色の花を咲かせるタネツケバナなど、色とりどりの花をスゲの間で見ることができます。"," Colorful flowers can often be seen among the sedges, such as white-fringed bog-beans and pale purple cuckoo flowers. "]
[216,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","タネツケバナ","たねつけばな"," cuckoo flower","白い房を持つ花を咲かせるミツガシワや淡い紫色の花を咲かせるタネツケバナなど、色とりどりの花をスゲの間で見ることができます。"," Colorful flowers can often be seen among the sedges, such as white-fringed bog-beans and pale purple cuckoo flowers. "]
[217,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","その他","アイヌ語","あいぬご","Ainu language","イトウはアイヌ語でチライと呼ばれています。","In the Ainu language, Sakhalin taimen are called chirai. "]
[218,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","ハナショウブ","はなしょうぶ","Japanese iris","公園を散策すると、春にはタネツケバナ、夏にはハナショウブ、秋にはタデなどの、様々な植物を観察することができます。","While exploring the park, it is also possible to see many species of plants such as cuckoo flowers in spring, Japanese irises in summer, and water peppers in autumn."]
[219,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","植物","タデ","たで","water pepper","公園では、春にはタネツケバナ、夏にはハナショウブ、秋にはタデなどの、様々な植物を観察することができます。","While exploring the park, it is also possible to see many species of plants such as cuckoo flowers in spring, Japanese irises in summer, and water peppers in autumn."]
[220,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","その他","給餌場","きゅうじば"," feeding ground","野生のタンチョウは美術館の周囲でも、特に近隣の畑が給餌場になる冬に観察することができます。","Wild red-crowned cranes can be spotted around the museum, especially during winter when the nearby fields become feeding grounds. "]
[221,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市湿原展望台リニューアル検討協議会","食","勝手丼","かってどん","katte don","和商市場の名物は「勝手丼」という海鮮料理です。 ","The Washo Market specialty is a do-it-yourself seafood dish called katte don."]
[222,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","山岳","高山帯","こうざんたい","alpine zone","高山帯の特徴は、植生植物の背丈が低いこと、そして樹木が欠如していることです。 ","Alpine-zone vegetation is low-lying, with few trees. "]
[223,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","動物","ノゴマ","のごま","Siberian rubythroat","ノゴマは、鳴き声の賑やかな小鳥で、その名前は明るい赤の斑紋が入ったオスの喉元の羽に由来しています。","The Siberian rubythroat is a small, highly vocal bird, named for the bright-red throat feathers of the male. "]
[224,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","その他","散らばる","ちらばる","strewn","池の周囲やもっと広い地域に散らばる大きな岩は、爆発性噴火によって放出された噴出物です。","The large rocks strewn around the ponds and the wider area were thrown out during explosive eruptions."]
[225,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","動物","クロテン","くろてん","sable","これより目撃される頻度は少ないですが、周辺地域にはヒグマやニホンジカ、クロテンも生息しています。","Though sighted less frequently, brown bears, Japanese deer, and sable also live in the area surrounding the pond. "]
[226,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","自然現象","地形","ちけい","topography","これにより火山が発生し、今日見られるような地形が形成されました。","This gave rise to volcanoes, which in turn created the topography seen today. "]
[227,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","自然現象","地熱","じねつ\n（ちねつ）","geothermal","ここに見られる小さな楕円形の穴は自然に出来上がった穴で、地熱活動によって生成された熱がここから放出されます。","The small oval-shaped hole seen here is a naturally occurring hole that vents heat generated by geothermal energy. "]
[228,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","その他","硫黄","いおう","sulfur","硫黄は、地球の地殻と上部マントルに豊富に存在します。","Sulfur occurs in abundance in the Earth’s crust and upper mantle. "]
[229,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）北海道","植物","モウセンゴケ","もうせんごけ","round-leaved sundew","モウセンゴケ（Drosera rotundifolia）は、明るい色をした食虫植物です。","The round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) is a bright-colored insectivorous plant. "]
[230,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）北海道","動物","センダイムシクイ","せんだいむしくい","eastern crowned warbler","野鳥の森（「野鳥の森」の意味）には、シジュウカラ、ヤマガラ、センダイムシクイ、ムシクイ類、ヤマゲラなど、さまざまな鳥類が生息しています。鳥は餌を求めて飛び立つため、朝に最も見つけやすくなります。","Yacho no Mori (lit., “wild bird forest”) is home to a variety of birds including great tits, varied tits, eastern crowned warblers, Old World warblers, and gray-headed woodpeckers."]
[231,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","組織・団体","アイヌ民族","あいぬみんぞく","Ainu people","しかし、北海道の先住民であるアイヌ民族にも長い歴史があり、アイヌ民族と本州の人々の接触は7世紀まで遡ると考えられています。","However, the indigenous Ainu people of Hokkaido also have a long history, with contact between them and Honshu-based Japanese possibly going back as far as the seventh century CE."]
[232,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","組織・団体","松前藩","まつまえはん","Matsumae clan","1590年、本州の松前藩に北海道の主権が与えられました。","In 1590, the Matsumae clan from Honshu was granted sovereignty over the island of Hokkaido."]
[233,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","自然現象","不凍湖","ふとうこ","ice-free lake","しかし支笏湖は兄弟である洞爺湖よりもわずかに北に位置している為、公式には日本最北端の不凍湖なのです。","However, as Lake Shikotsu is slightly farther north than its sibling, it is officially the northernmost ice-free lake in Japan."]
[234,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","エゾヒグマ","えぞひぐま","Ussuri brown bear (Ursus arctos lasiotus).","この地に暮らす動物のなかで、比較的自然の脅威からは守られていると思われがちな動物の1つにエゾヒグマ（Ursus arctos lasiotus）があります。","One local animal you might think was reasonably safe from natural threats is the Ussuri brown bear (Ursus arctos lasiotus)."]
[235,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","コディアックヒグマ","こでぃあっくひぐま","Kodiak bears","非常に大きな種で、一部はアラスカのコディアックヒグマほどの大きさに成長します。","They can grow very large, some almost as big as the giant Kodiak bears of Alaska."]
[236,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","エゾシカ","えぞじか","Ezo deer","同じくこの地の住人であるエゾシカは、正反対の問題を抱えています。","Another local resident, the Ezo deer, has just the opposite problem."]
[237,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","キツツキ","きつつき","woodpecker","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[238,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","シジュウカラ","しじゅうから","great tit","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[239,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","ハシブトガラ","はしぶとがら","marsh tit","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[240,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","エゾライチョウ","えぞらいちょう","hazel grouse","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[241,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","クロツグミ","くろつぐみ","Japanese thrush","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[242,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","アカハラ","あかはら","brown-headed thrush","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[243,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","キビタキ","きびたき","narcissus flycatcher","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[244,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","ウグイス","うぐいす","Japanese bush warbler","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[245,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","アオジ","あおじ","black-faced bunting","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[246,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","ツツドリ","つつどり","Oriental cuckoo","公園内には数種類のキツツキ、シジュウカラ、ハシブトガラ、エゾライチョウ、クロツグミ、アカハラ、キビタキ、ウグイス、アオジ、ツツドリが暮らしています。","The park is home to several species of woodpecker, as well as the great tit and marsh tit, the hazel grouse, Japanese thrush, brown-headed thrush, narcissus flycatcher, Japanese bush warbler, black-faced bunting, and the Oriental cuckoo."]
[247,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","ヒメマス","ひめます","kokanee (himemasu)","支笏湖にはヒメマスと呼ばれるベニザケの一種が生息しています。","Lake Shikotsu holds a type of sockeye salmon called kokanee (himemasu in Japanese)."]
[248,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","動物","ベニザケ","べにざけ","sockeye salmon","支笏湖にはヒメマスと呼ばれるベニザケの一種が生息しています。","Lake Shikotsu holds a type of sockeye salmon called kokanee (himemasu in Japanese)."]
[249,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","カタクリ","かたくり","dogtooth violet","例えばカタクリは発芽から開花までに8年を要し、小さく白いオオバナノエンレイソウ（Trillium kamtschaticum）は10年以上を要します。","For example, the dogtooth violet takes eight years from germination to flowering, and the diminutive, white Obana-no-enrei-so (Trillium kamtschaticum) takes over a decade."]
[250,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","オオバナノエンレイソウ","おおばなのえんれいそう","Obana-no-enrei-so (Trillium kamtschaticum) ","例えばカタクリは発芽から開花までに8年を要し、小さく白いオオバナノエンレイソウ（Trillium kamtschaticum）は10年以上を要します。","For example, the dogtooth violet takes eight years from germination to flowering, and the diminutive, white Obana-no-enrei-so (Trillium kamtschaticum) takes over a decade."]
[251,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","三松正夫","みまつまさお","Mimatsu Masao","この間2年近くにわたり、三松正夫（1888年－1977年）という名の地元の郵便局長はこの新しい山の成長を記録する為に、詳細にわたる正確な線画を描き続けました。","Over a period of almost two years a local postmaster, Mimatsu Masao (1888–1977), began making minute, accurate drawings to show the growth of this new mountain."]
[252,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","その他","ミマツダイヤグラム","みまつだいやぐらむ","Mimatsu diagram","数年後に彼の作品が世界中で出版されてからというもの、「ミマツダイヤグラム」は火山の成長を追う為の新たな参考基準となりました。","When his work was published internationally a few years later, the “Mimatsu diagram” became a new reference point for tracking volcanic growth."]
[253,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","エゾマツ","えぞまつ","Ezo spruce","より低地の樹木の大部分はエゾマツやトドマツ、モンゴリナラやハルニレといった落葉樹です。","Most of the trees at the lower levels are deciduous (leaf-bearing) species such as Ezo spruce, Sakhalin fir, Mongolian oak, and Japanese elm."]
[254,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","トドマツ","とどまつ"," Sakhalin fir","より低地の樹木の大部分はエゾマツやトドマツ、モンゴリナラやハルニレといった落葉樹です。","Most of the trees at the lower levels are deciduous (leaf-bearing) species such as Ezo spruce, Sakhalin fir, Mongolian oak, and Japanese elm."]
[255,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","モンゴリナラ","もんごりなら","Mongolian oak","より低地の樹木の大部分はエゾマツやトドマツ、モンゴリナラやハルニレといった落葉樹です。","Most of the trees at the lower levels are deciduous (leaf-bearing) species such as Ezo spruce, Sakhalin fir, Mongolian oak, and Japanese elm."]
[256,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","ハルニレ","はるにれ","Japanese elm","より低地の樹木の大部分はエゾマツやトドマツ、モンゴリナラやハルニレといった落葉樹です。","Most of the trees at the lower levels are deciduous (leaf-bearing) species such as Ezo spruce, Sakhalin fir, Mongolian oak, and Japanese elm."]
[257,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","シナノキ","しなのき","Japanese linden","この森にはハルニレやモンゴリナラ、シナノキなどの大きな広葉樹がたくさんあります。","This region is full of large, broadleaf trees such as Japanese elm, Mongolian oak, and Japanese linden, among others."]
[258,"北海道","（支笏洞爺国立公園）支笏洞爺国立公園支笏湖定山渓地区訪日外国人自然体験活動推進協議会","植物","苔","こけ","moss","この峡谷を唯一無二な存在としているのは、峡谷内には苔の生育に適した温度と湿度、そして日光の欠如が揃っており、そこには80種類もの苔が生えているという点です。","the unique aspect of this physical feature is that it has just the right temperature, humidity, and lack of sunlight to make it home to roughly eighty different varieties of moss."]
[259,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","ねぶた","ねぶた","Nebuta","祭りに携わる地元の人や企業、またさまざまな団体にとって、これは何ヶ月にもおよぶ準備の集大成。祭りの日が近づくと、青森市全体が興奮の波に包まれます。ねぶた祭は仙台七夕まつり、秋田竿灯祭りと並んで、8月に開催される東北三大祭りのひとつ。","The focal points of the festival are floats called Nebuta. These giant creations that often depict a historical event or a scene from a Kabuki performance, are illuminated from within. The Nebuta floats are pushed by participants along a three-kilometer parade course before audiences of local residents and visitors from around the country."]
[260,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","眠り流し","ねむりながし","Nemuri Nagashi","ねぶた祭の起源についてはよくわかっていないところもありますが、地域で行われていた眠り流しと呼ばれる伝統行事から発展したものと考えられています。これは子どもの健康を祈るための行事で、7月初めの数日間、木の葉やたいまつを持って夜間に外を練り歩き、疲労や夏の夜の眠気をそれらに移すことで体を清めます。木の葉は太陰暦でいう7月7日に川や海に流されます。日本では太陰暦が1872年まで使われていました。","The origins of the Nebuta Festival are not entirely clear, but it is thought to have developed from a local tradition called Nemuri Nagashi. This custom involved walking outside on a couple of nights in early July carrying leaves and lanterns, and cleansing one’s body of the fatigue and drowsiness of summer by passing those negative states onto these items. The leaves were then cast into rivers and the ocean on the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar (which was used in Japan until 1872)."]
[261,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","ねぶた師","ねぶたし","Nebutashi","ねぶた師（ねぶた職人）は、ねぶたの山車を作る優れた職人のことです。","Nebutashi (Nebuta artisans) are the master craftspeople who create the Nebuta floats."]
[262,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","扇子持ち","せんすもち","Sensumochi ","扇子持ち（山車）は、ねぶたの山車のスムーズかつダイナミックな動きをコントロールします。","The sensumochi (float conductor, literally “fan-holder”) is positioned at the front of a Nebuta float."]
[263,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","曳き手","ひきて","Hikite","ねぶた祭りは、ねぶたの山車を中心に展開し、これは曳き手（山車の運び手）が動かしています。","The Nebuta Festival revolves around the Nebuta floats, which are moved by the hikite (float pullers) who are responsible for getting the show moving."]
[264,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","囃子","はやし","Hayashi","お囃子または囃子方（伝統的な音楽のアンサンブル）は、音楽の提供を担っています。それぞれの山車の委員会は、50人から100人の演奏者と3種類の楽器から成るアンサンブルを抱えています。","The hayashi or hayashigata (traditional festival ensembles) each consist of 50–100 musicians and three types of instruments."]
[265,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","正調囃子","せいちょうはやし","Seicho Hayashi","パレードを通じて主に2つのメロディが奏でられ、全てのお囃子が同じ曲を演奏します。これは1952年以降のことで、この当時、祭りの主催者は、実行委員会に個別に作曲した曲を競わせるのではなく、正調囃子として知られる共通のレパートリーを採用する決定をしたのでした。正調囃子は、元々は12のメロディで構成されていました。","Two main melodies are played throughout the parade, with all hayashi performing the same tunes. This has been the case since 1952, when the festival organizers decided to adopt a common repertoire, known as seicho hayashi, instead of letting the committees try to outdo each other with different compositions."]
[266,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","跳人","はねと","Haneto","行列では跳人と呼ばれる踊り手が「ラッセーラー」のかけ声と共に踊りを披露し、行列を応援するとともに観客を盛り上げます。","Haneto (festival dancers) show off their moves and chant “Rassera! Rassera!” cheering on the pullers of the floats and rousing the excitement of the audience."]
[267,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","ラッセラー","らっせらー","Rassera","ハネトは観衆の前を通り過ぎながら「ラッセラー」と囃し立てます。これは観衆に参加を促し、一緒に楽しもうと呼びかける意味があります。","The haneto pass by the crowds chanting “rassera,” which is an invitation to the audience to join in the fun."]
[268,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","化人","ばけと","Baketo","バケトは古くからいるサーカスのピエロに似ています。メイクや、時として怖い扮装をするところもそっくりです。バケトには滑稽な出で立ちで観衆を楽しませる役目があります。","Baketo resemble old-fashioned circus clowns with their farcical and sometimes scary costumes. They serve the purpose of entertaining the audience with their amusing appearance, and can be seen clowning around in the moments after a Nebuta float has passed by and before the next one arrives."]
[269,"青森県","青森ねぶた祭実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","前ねぶた","まえねぶた","mae-nebuta","前ねぶたは隊列の先頭を行くねぶたです。大型の山車は22基ありますが、それぞれの前を行く小型の山車を指します。","Mae-Nebuta, or lead Nebuta, are smaller floats that parade in front of each of the 22 large Nebuta floats"]
[270,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","山岳","岩手山","いわてさん","Mt. Iwate","岩手山には、多種の日本でよく見られる動物に加え、現在絶滅の危機に瀕している希少な種も生息しています。動物たちにはそれぞれ生息域があり、これらの生息域はその地域の標高によって異なる植生から見分けることができます。","Mt. Iwate is home to many common Japanese animals, as well as some rarer species currently threatened with extinction, in distinct habitats, identifiable by the vegetation found at different elevation zones."]
[271,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","岩石・洞窟","焼走り溶岩流","やけはしりようがんりゅう","Yakehashiri Lava Flow ","焼走り溶岩流は、岩手山の険しい火口部の最高峰である薬師岳の北東側を覆っています。国の特別天然記念物に指定されているこの溶岩流は、1732年に起こった火山の噴火によって発生しました。","The Yakehashiri Lava Flow covers the northeast side of Mt. Yakushidake, the highest peak on Mt. Iwate’s jagged crater. Designated a Special Natural Monument by the Japanese government, the lava flow is the result of a volcanic eruption that occurred in 1732. "]
[272,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","植物","地衣類","ちいるい","Lichens","地衣類は、菌類と藻類の共生関係によって発生する複合体です。菌類は藻類にすみかを与え、藻類は菌類に光合成によって生成した栄養を供給します。","Lichens are composite organisms that result from a symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae. The fungi provide shelter for the algae, while algae provide the fungi with nutrients produced through photosynthesis."]
[273,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","植物","コマクサ","こまくさ","komakusa dicentra","登山中、小さなハートの形をしたピンク色のコマクサの花（種の状態から花を咲かせるまでに10年を費やす高山植物）と、岩手県ではこの山にしか生育していない青紫色のイワギキョウを見かけるでしょう。","Hikers will come across the tiny pink heart-shaped blossoms of komakusa dicentra—an alpine plant that takes ten years to go from seed to flower, and violet-blue mountain harebells which, in Iwate Prefecture, can only be found on these slopes. "]
[274,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","植物","ネバリノギラン","ねばりのぎらん","nebarinogiran","ソクシンラン属の一種でたくさんの小さなサナギのような穂をつけるネバリノギランを探してみましょう。日本の固有種であるネバリノギランは、八幡平地域で一般的にみられます。","Keep an eye out for nebarinogiran, a variety of aletris with many small, cocoon-like flowers growing on each stem. Native to Japan, it can commonly be found in the Hachimantai region."]
[275,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","岩石・洞窟","鬼ヶ城","おにがじょう","Onigajo/\"demon's castle\"","目立つ西岩手カルデラの南側の険しい尾根は、特に印象的な岩の形で知られ、鬼ヶ城という名前を授かっています。","The rugged southern ridge of the prominent western Nishi-Iwate caldera is distinguished by particularly dramatic rock formations that have earned it the name Onigajo, or “demon’s castle.” "]
[276,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","自然現象","柱状節理","ちゅうじょうせつり","columnar jointing","遠い過去の火山活動の証跡を示す葛根田渓谷に立ち並ぶ岩の柱は、柱状節理として知られる現象です。これらの六角形の柱は、溶岩が冷却・凝固する間に、硬化する溶岩が収縮して亀裂が生じることで形成されます。","Testimony to volcanic activity long ago, the rock pillars found along the Kakkonda Gorge are phenomena known as columnar jointing. These six-sided pillars form during the cooling and solidification of lava, when hardening lava contracts and cracks. "]
[277,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","自然現象","地熱","ちねつ","geothermal energy","火山活動はしばしば破壊をもたらしますが、地熱や温泉を生みだすなど有益にもなり得ます。","Volcanic activity is often destructive, but it can have benefits, including creating geothermal energy and hot springs."]
[278,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","岩石・洞窟","スコリア","すこりあ","scoria","岩手山の地面を覆っている色相の異なる粗い砂はスコリアと呼ばれます。このスコリアは、岩手山で噴火が繰り返されたことを物語っています。","The different hues of the gritty sand called scoria, which covers the ground of Mt. Iwate, tell the story of the mountain’s repeated eruptions. "]
[279,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","河川・渓谷","大地獄谷","おおじごくだに","Ojigokudani","黒倉山のすぐ下にある西岩手カルデラの内部に位置する大地獄谷は、２メートルの高さに噴き上がる硫黄ガスの噴気孔です。噴気孔は、ガスと蒸気が出てくる地面の開口部です。","Ojigokudani, located inside the main western Nishi-Iwate caldera just below Mt. Kurokurayama, is a 2-meter high sulfur fumarole—that is, an opening in the Earth’s crust where gas and steam escape. "]
[280,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","温泉","網張温泉","あみはりおんせん","Amihari Onsen hot springs","岩手で最も古いと言われる網張温泉は、８世紀初期という遠い昔に発見されたとされています。岩手山の南麓の標高750メートルに位置するこの温泉の湯は、犬倉山という近くの火山の地熱で温められています。江戸時代（1603–1868）の間、雫石川地域の山神の信奉者たちは、人々にこの温泉での入浴を禁じており、この地域は網で閉じられていました。「網」は「net」を、「張」は「stretch」を意味する網張温泉の名前は、このことに由来しています。","The Amihari Onsen hot springs, said to be the oldest in Iwate, are thought to have been discovered long ago in the early eighth century. Located at the southern foot of Mt. Iwate at an elevation of 750 meters, the waters draw their heat from the nearby volcano Mt. Inukurayama. During the Edo period (1603–1868), worshippers of a mountain deity in the Shizukuishi River area forbade people to bathe in the hot springs, and the area was closed off with a net. This gave rise to the hot spring’s name: “ami” means “net” and “hari” means “stretch.”"]
[281,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","山岳","八甲田","はっこうだ","Hakkoda","八甲田は、一つの山の名前ではなく、 およそ二十の山を擁する広い火山地域の総称です。八甲田山系には、北部八甲田山系の八甲田大岳 (別称大岳)、田茂萢岳、赤倉岳、小岳、高田大岳、そして南部八甲田山系の櫛ヶ峯、駒ヶ峯、乗鞍岳が含まれます。","Hakkoda is not the name of a single mountain, but rather a collective term for a larger volcanic area that encompasses approximately 20 peaks, including Mt. Hakkoda Odake (also known as Mt. Odake), Mt. Tamoyachidake, Mt. Akakuradake, Mt. Kodake, and Mt. Takada Odake in the northern Hakkoda mountain range, as well as Mt. Kushigamine, Mt. Komagamine, and Mt. Norikuradake in the southern Hakkoda mountain range."]
[282,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","湖沼","地獄沼","じごくぬま","Jigoku-numa/\"Hell Swamp\"","酸ヶ湯温泉から歩いてわずか10分のところに、底なし沼とも呼ばれる地獄沼があります。これは13世紀から17世紀にかけての一連の噴火の遺物です。現在でも、沼に湧き出る強酸性の湯は90℃にも達します。そのため、この沼は安全な距離から眺めるのが一番です。 ","Just a 10-minute walk from Sukayu Onsen you will find Jigoku-numa (“Hell Swamp”) Pond, also known as Sokonashi-numa (“Bottomless Swamp”) Pond. This is a remnant of a series of eruptions spanning the thirteenth to seventeenth century. Even now, the highly acidic water gushing up into the pond reaches a piping-hot 90°C, so the best way to view this body of water is from a safe distance. "]
[283,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","山岳","南部八甲田山系","みなみぶはっこうださんけい","southern Hakkoda mountains","東北地域屈指の雄大な自然を擁する南部八甲田山系は、挑戦を求める経験豊富な登山者に向いている比較的未踏の場所です。","Home to some of northeastern Japan’s most magnificent wilderness, the southern Hakkoda mountains are a pristine, relatively unexplored gem for experienced hikers up for a challenge."]
[284,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","温泉","松川温泉","まつかわおんせん","Matsukawa Onsen","松川温泉は江戸時代（1603-1867）中頃から愛され続けている温泉地です。ここは、日本で最初の地熱発電所が建設された場所でもあります。","Matsukawa Onsen has been a beloved hot-spring resort since the middle of the Edo period (1603–1868). It is also the site of Japan’s first geothermal power plant. "]
[285,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","湖沼","赤沼","あかぬま","Akanuma Pond","赤沼の別名が示すように、赤沼の水は一年を通して季節の移り変わりに伴い五回色を変えます。沼の色は夏の間にくぐもった青からブリリアント・ブルー、さらにターコイズに変わります。秋になるとくぐもった青に戻り、冬と春には褐色になります。","As its alternate name suggests, the water of Akanuma Pond changes color five times as the seasons shift over the year. It goes from cloudy blue to brilliant blue, then turquoise, over the course of the summer. In fall it returns to a cloudy blue, and then shifts to brown in winter and spring."]
[286,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","温泉","紺屋地獄","こんやじごく","Kon-ya Jigoku/\"Dyer's-Vat Hell\"","日本は、地獄と名のついた湯気が立ちのぼる火山の谷あいや湿地であふれています。この紺屋地獄という紺屋の染物桶のような形の湯気の立つ泥の沼は、94℃の熱湯です。 ","Japan is full of steaming volcanic valleys and marshlands called jigoku, or “hells.” The Kon-ya Jigoku, a steaming pond of mud that is shaped like a kon-ya, or dyer’s, vat, is a blistering 94°C."]
[287,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","自然現象","大泥火山","だいでいかざん","Daideikazan","大泥火山は日本で一番大きな泥火山で、1917年から1918年にかけて形成されて以来大きくなりつづけています。泥の深さは８メートルで、噴出物の温度はおよそ94.5℃です。","Daideikazan is the largest mud volcano in Japan, growing steadily in size since its formation in 1917–1918. The mud is 8 meters deep, and the ejected material reaches approximately 94.5°C."]
[288,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","自然現象","噴気孔","ふんきこう","fumaroles","硫化ガスの大部分は噴気孔（高温のガスと蒸気が出てくる穴）から排出されています。","The majority of the sulfuric gas is emitted by fumaroles—holes from which hot gases and vapors escape. "]
[289,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","湖沼","鏡沼/八幡平ドラゴンアイ","かがみぬま/はちまんたいどらごんあい","Kagaminuma Pond/\"Hachimantai Dragon Eye\"","近くにある鏡沼は、晩春に起こる自然現象にちなんで八幡平ドラゴンアイというニックネームがつけられています。沼のふちの雪が溶けて沼の輪郭が開くにつれ、残っている氷の中心も溶け始めます。上から見ると、沼は巨大な目のように見えます。","Nearby Kagaminuma Pond is nicknamed “Hachimantai Dragon Eye” because of a natural phenomenon that occurs in late spring. As the edges of the pond thaw, opening a ring of water, the center of the remaining ice also begins to melt. When seen from above, the pond resembles a giant eye. "]
[290,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","その他","東北日本弧","とうほくにほんこ","northeastern Japan arc of active volcanoes","八幡平地域には、焼山を含む四つの活火山があります。これらの火山は、東北地方の背骨を形作る山岳地形の一部であり、また、活火山が連なる東北日本弧の一部でもあります。","The Hachimantai area has some four active volcanoes, including Mt. Yakeyama. These volcanoes are part of the mountainous terrain that forms the backbone of Japan’s northeastern Tohoku region; they are also a segment of the northeastern Japan arc of active volcanoes."]
[291,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","温泉","玉川温泉","たまがわおんせん"," Tamagawa Onsen hot spring","玉川温泉は毎分9,000リットルという日本一の温泉水の湧出量を誇ります。また、pH 1.2の湯を持つ国内で最も強酸性の温泉でもあります。","The Tamagawa Onsen hot spring boasts Japan’s highest output of hot spring water, at 9,000 liters per minute. Its pH of 1.2 also makes it the hot spring with the highest acidity level in the country. "]
[292,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","温泉","湯の花","ゆのはな","yu-no-hana/\"hot water flowers\"","玉川温泉の湯は湯川を下るにつれて冷やされ、水中に溶けていた成分が固化し、北投石、硫黄、ケイ酸、重晶石などのさまざまな沈殿物になります。沈殿物は、「湯の花」と呼ばれる微細な結晶と非晶質固体を形成し、バスソルトとして使用するために収穫されます。","The waters of Tamagawa Onsen become cooler as they mingle with the Yugawa river water, and the compounds previously dissolved in the hot-spring waters solidify into various precipitates, including hokutolite, sulfur, silicic acid, and barite. The precipitates form minute crystals and amorphous solids called yu-no-hana or “hot water flowers” that are harvested for use as bath additives."]
[293,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","温泉","硫化水素","りゅうかすいそ","hydrogen sulfide","低濃度であっても、硫化水素は「腐った卵」の臭いがします。しかし、臭気が非常に強い場合は、硫化水素の濃度が危険なほど高くなっていることを示しています。","Even at low concentrations, hydrogen sulfide has a distinctive “rotten egg” smell. An exceptionally strong odor is a sign that hydrogen sulfide levels are becoming dangerously high. "]
[294,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","建造物等","一軒宿","いっけんやど","ikken yado","近代的なホテルの浴場から、人里離れた小さな一軒宿のお風呂まで、アルパこまくさ周辺の地域にはどんな好みにも合うさまざまな温泉があります。","From the baths at modern hotels to those at small ikken yado guesthouses nestled in secluded spots, the area around Arupa Komakusa offers a variety of hot springs to suit all tastes. "]
[295,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","動物","二ホンカモシカ","にほんかもしか","Japanese serow","私の名前はニホンカモシカです。ヤギに似た哺乳類で、絶滅危惧種に指定されています。","I am a Japanese serow, (Capricornis crispus) an endangered goat-like mammal. ","※解説文において初出の場合のみ、Japaneseを付与し、2回目以降はthe serowで問題ありません。また、Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus) のように学名を付与すると、旅行者にとってより親切な表現となります。"]
[296,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","動物","コゲラ","こげら","Japanese pygmy woodpecker (kogera)","コゲラの巣は、コガラ、シジュウカラやその他の小鳥たちに再利用されます。","Japanese pygmy woodpecker (kogera) nests are reused by other small birds, such as the Japanese tit and willow tit. "]
[297,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","植物","テンナンショウ","てんなんしょう","Jack-in-the-pulpit","テンナンショウはサトイモ科の一種です。雌雄異株なので、雄株と雌株に分かれて育ちます。","Jack-in-the-pulpits are members of the Araceae family of plants and are dioecious, meaning that there are separate male and female plants. "]
[298,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","植物","ホオノキ","ほおのき","Japanese bigleaf magnolia (honoki) ","春が来ると、ホオノキは芳しい香りを放つ大きな花を咲かせます。めしべは花の中心にあり、らせん状に生えたおしべに囲われています。","In spring, the Japanese bigleaf magnolia (honoki) produces large, fragrant blossoms. The pistils are located in the center of the flower, surrounded by several whorls of stamens."]
[299,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","植物","アオキ","あおき","Japanese aucuba (aoki)","ヒメアオキは北国の気候に順応した、アオキの一種です。","Aucuba japonica var. borealis is a variety of Japanese aucuba shrub (aoki) that has adapted to a northern climate."]
[300,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","植物","ブナ","ぶな","Japanese beech","湖の大部分をブナの自然林が囲んでいますが、御倉半島、中山半島にはミズナラが自生しています。","A natural Japanese beech forest surrounds most of the lake, and there are native Japanese oaks on the Ogura and Nakayama peninsulas."]
[301,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","温泉","温泉","おんせん","hot spring (onsen) ","火山からの噴煙が斜面をゆっくりと漂い、沸き立つ泥水が地面から顔を出し、うっそうとした森や火山からは温泉が吹き上げています。","Volcanic fumes drift lazily across the slopes; and bubbling mud seeps and hot spring (onsen) fountains punctuate the dense forests and volcanoes.","※観光庁『観光立国実現に向けた多言語対応の改善・強化のためのガイドライン』では「Onsen」を推奨していますが、火山帯による天然由来の温泉を強調するために、「hot spring (onsen)」を使用。"]
[302,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","植物","キタゴヨウ","きたごよう","Northern Japanese white pine (kitagoyo)","この地域に生い茂るのは落葉樹ですが、中山半島や御倉半島など十和田湖周辺の岩場には、ゴヨウマツの変種にあたるキタゴヨウが自生しています。","Although this region is heavily covered in deciduous vegetation, the rocky areas around Lake Towada—including the Nakayama Peninsula and the Ogura Peninsula—are home to a northern variety of the Japanese white pine tree (kitagoyo). "]
[303,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","植物","杉","すぎ","Japanese cedar (sugi)","スギが立ち並ぶ参道は十和田神社まで続きます。","This avenue of Japanese cedars (Cryptomeria japonica, or sugi) forms the sando, the approach leading to Towada Shrine."]
[304,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","参道","さんどう","sando\n","スギが立ち並ぶ参道は十和田神社まで続きます。","This avenue of Japanese cedars (Cryptomeria japonica, or sugi) forms the sando, the approach leading to Towada Shrine.","※「Sando」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「The approach」も使用することも可能。"]
[305,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神","かみ","kami (deities)\n","十和田神社は東北地方で広く信仰される龍神信仰の象徴です。","Towada Shrine is the center of Towada spiritualism, a belief system common in the Tohoku region of northeast Japan. The worship of dragon kami (deities) is key to Towada belief. ","※「kami (gods)」の使用も可能。"]
[306,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","龍神","りゅうじん","dragon kami","十和田神社は東北地方で広く信仰される龍神信仰の象徴です。","Towada Shrine is the center of Towada spiritualism, a belief system common in the Tohoku region of northeast Japan. The worship of dragon kami (deities) is key to Towada belief. "]
[307,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","熊野三山","くまのさんざん","Kumano Sanzan","地元の言い伝えによると、熊野三山の修行僧であった南祖坊（なんそのぼう）が、十和田湖の守り神である龍女を脅かす八頭の大蛇と戦いました。","According to local legend, Nansonobo, a devotee of the Kumano Sanzan Three Grand Shrines of Kumano, fought against a monstrous serpent with eight heads which was threatening the guardian goddess of Lake Towada."]
[308,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","おより紙","およりがみ","oyorigami","米を白紙にひねったものや、宮司が祈念をこらした「おより紙」を湖に投げ入れ、神様に祈りを捧げることができます。","By throwing white rice wrapped in white paper, or “oyorigami”—paper blessed by priests from the shrine—into the lake, you can make a wish to the deities."]
[309,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","坂上田村麻呂","さかのうえたむらまろ","Sakanoue no Tamuramaro","1つ目の説によると、伝説上の人物である第12代景行天皇（71年～130年）の皇子・ヤマトタケルノミコトを祀るため、807年に武官の坂上田村麻呂が神社を建立しました。","In the first version, the shrine was built in 807 by the military commander Sakanoue no Tamuramaro to enshrine Yamato Takeru no Mikoto, son of the legendary 12th Emperor of Japan, Emperor Keiko (71–130)."]
[310,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","ヤマトタケルノミコト","やまとたけるのみこと","Yamato Takeru no Mikoto","1つ目の説によると、伝説上の人物である第12代景行天皇（71年～130年）の皇子・ヤマトタケルノミコトを祀るため、807年に武官の坂上田村麻呂が神社を建立しました。","In the first version, the shrine was built in 807 by the military commander Sakanoue no Tamuramaro to enshrine Yamato Takeru no Mikoto, son of the legendary 12th Emperor of Japan, Emperor Keiko (71–130)."]
[311,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神道","しんとう","Shinto","神仏習合による融合が図られていた神道と仏教ですが、明治時代（1868年～1912年）に入ると新政府が寺と神社の分離を命じます。","Shinto and Buddhism were fused until the Meiji Period (1868–1912), when the government ordered the separation of temples and shrines. "]
[312,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鳥居","とりい","torii gate","道中6つの鳥居をくぐりますが、それぞれがかつて火口であった場所を示しています。","There are six torii gates on the route, each marking an inactive volcanic vent.","※「torii」でも問題ありません。"]
[313,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","風ノ神","かぜのかみ","god of wind","風の神は罪やけがれを吹き払い、台風から人々を守ってくれます。","The god of wind blows away sins and impurities, and also protects people from typhoons. "]
[314,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","火ノ神","ひのかみ","god of fire","火の神は鍛冶、陶業、火除けの神です。台所の火事を防いでくれることから、家財を守る神としても知られます。","The god of fire protects blacksmiths, pottery, and fireproofing. As this god prevents kitchen fires, it is also known to protect household items."]
[315,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山ノ神","やまのかみ","god of mountains","山の神は水と水田の神でもあります。山々から流れ落ちる水が麓の水田を潤しているからです。狩猟者の神としても知られます。","The god of mountains is also the god of water and rice paddies, as water cascades down from mountains to nourish the rice fields below. This god is also known for protecting hunters."]
[316,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","金ノ神","きんのかみ","god of gold","金の神は採掘や鉱業、金属加工や販売業、近年では金運の神としても知られています。","The god of gold protects mining, ore manufacturing, as well as metal processing and sales. More recently, it is also considered a god of wealth."]
[317,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天ノ岩戸","あまのいわと","god of enormous strength","天ノ岩戸は決定的な勝利を追う者の味方です。","The god of enormous strength is especially helpful for those seeking a decisive victory."]
[318,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","日ノ神","にちのかみ","Sun Goddess","日の神は幸運、繁栄、開運そして平和をもたらす神です。","The sun goddess bestows happiness, prosperity, luck, and peace. "]
[319,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","工芸・美術品","乙女の像","おとめのぞう","Statue of Maidens","黒御影石の台座に立つ銅像は乙女の像です。近代日本を代表する彫刻家であり、詩人でもある高村光太朗（1883年～1956年）が1953年に制作しました。","The Statue of Maidens, cast in bronze and set on a block of black granite, was crafted in 1953 by Takamura Kotaro (1883–1956), one of modern Japan’s most prominent sculptors and literary figures."]
[320,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","史跡","自籠岩","じごもりいわ","Jigomori Rock","道標もない山道を30分以上歩くと自籠岩に至ります。金属製の梯子や岩を伝って頂上まで登ると、十和田湖の壮大な景色が目前に広がります。","To reach Jigomori Rock you will need to follow an unmarked mountain trail for over 30 minutes. Once there, you will find a series of metal ladders and rocks to climb to the summit, which offers spectacular panoramic views of Lake Towada. "]
[321,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","史跡","占場","うらないば","Uranai-ba","十和田湖周辺でも特に神聖な場所として知られる占場では、変わった方法で運勢を占うことができます。","Known as one of Lake Towada’s most spiritual spots, Uranai-ba is where you can have your fortune told in a novel way. "]
[322,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神泉苑","しんせんえん","Shinsen-en Garden","十和田神社から急階段を登った先に神泉苑があります。周りから隔絶された神泉苑には、占場や小さな社殿の数々が佇んでいます。","The Shinsen-en Garden is a secluded area connected to Towada Shrine by a steep, stair-lined path. It includes the Uranai-ba divination spot and various other smaller shrines."]
[323,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","十和田青龍権現社","とわだせいりゅうごんげんしゃ","Towada-Seiryu-Gongensha","十和田青龍権現社は十和田湖を護る水の神、青龍大権現を祀っています。","The Towada-Seiryu-Gongensha Shrine is dedicated to the blue dragon water deity which protects Lake Towada. "]
[324,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","山岳","成層火山","せいそうかざん","stratovolcano","十和田火山が活発化し噴火して、溶岩を噴出し火山灰をまき散らし、円すい火山を形成しました。溶岩と灰の地層が交互に重なったこのような地形を成層火山と呼びます。","The Towada volcano was formed and erupted molten lava and ash, creating a conical volcano. This formation of alternate layers of ash and lava is called a stratovolcano. "]
[325,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","岩石・洞窟","軽石","かるいし","pumice","大規模な噴火が起こり、火山は無数の軽石を噴出しました。","A major eruption occurred in which the volcano spewed enormous amounts of pumice. "]
[326,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","河川・渓谷","奥入瀬渓谷","おいらせけいこく","Oirase Gorge","水位が上がって湖岸の侵食が続き、湖の周縁の壁が決壊して、奥入瀬渓谷が誕生しました。","The shore of the lake continued to erode as the volume of water increased, eventually breaching the rim wall and creating the Oirase Gorge. ","※「奥入瀬川」と、川として表記する場合は「Oirase River」という表現が適切です。"]
[327,"青森県・秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所","動物","アメマス","あめます","white-spotted char","十和田湖を取り囲む斜面からはほとんど栄養素が流れ込んでこないので、生息できるプランクトンの数は限られています。よって湖に自生する魚の種類も限られていますが、アメマス、ヒメマス、コイなど、複数の品種が移入されています。","Towada Lake receives very little nutrients from the surrounding slopes, and thus supports very little plankton. Only a limited number of fish species are native to the lake, but several species were introduced, including white-spotted char, himemasu salmon, and carp. "]
[328,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","毛越寺","もうつうじ","Mōtsūji","毛越寺は慈覚大師円仁(794-864)により850年に創建されたと言われています。","According to legend, Mōtsūji was founded in 850 by the Buddhist priest Ennin (794–864, posthumously known as Jikaku Daishi)."]
[329,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","書物","吾妻鏡","あずまかがみ","Azuma Kagami","「吾妻鏡」として知られる13世紀の日本史料によると、毛越寺はその地域において最も素晴らしい寺院であり、当時の首都京都にあるいくつかの寺院にも匹敵するとまで言われました。","A thirteenth century Japanese historical record known as the Azuma Kagami claimed that Mōtsū-ji's ‘magnificence was unparalleled in all the land.’ "]
[330,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天台宗","てんだいしゅう","Tendai school","仏教の天台宗の中で高い地位を占めた僧で彼は日本の東北地方巡業の際に多くの寺院を創建しました。","A high-ranking priest of the Tendai school, Ennin is said to have established many temples during his travels in the Tohoku region of northern Honshu. "]
[331,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","山岳","金鶏山","きんけいざん","Mt. Kinkei","金鶏山は多くの寺院にとって、そして12世紀の平泉の都市計画において、ランドマークであり、中心的な位置を占めています。","Mt. Kinkei, was a landmark and focal point for many of the temples in Hiraizumi during the twelfth century. "]
[332,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","経筒","きょうづつ","sutra container","考古学者たちは、山頂に経塚があり、経筒が埋められていることを確認しているが、黄金の鶏の証拠は発見されていません。","Archaeologists have confirmed the presence of the sutra mound and sutra containers buried on the mountain, but no evidence of the golden birds has been discovered. "]
[333,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","無量光院","むりょうこういん","Muryōkōin","平泉の最も重要な3つの仏教寺院と浄土式庭園、すなわち毛越寺、観自在王院、無量光院もまた、金鶏山へと連なる軸に沿って建設されました。","Mt. Kinkei is at the center of three of Hiraizumi’s most significant Buddhist temples and Pure Land garden sites: Mōtsūji, Kanjizaiōin, and Muryōkōin."]
[334,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","庭園・公園","浄土式庭園","じょうどしきていえん","Pure Land garden sites","平泉の最も重要な3つの仏教寺院と浄土式庭園、すなわち毛越寺、観自在王院、無量光院もまた、金鶏山へと連なる軸に沿って建設されました。","Mt. Kinkei is at the center of three of Hiraizumi’s most significant Buddhist temples and Pure Land garden sites: Mōtsūji, Kanjizaiōin, and Muryōkōin."]
[335,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松尾芭蕉","まつおばしょう","Matsuo Bashō","金鶏山は、俳諧師の松尾芭蕉（1644–1694）が北日本を旅した際にもまた注目を集めました。","Mt. Kinkei drew the attention of the poet Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694) during his travels in northern Japan. "]
[336,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","書物","奥の細道","おくのほそみち","Oku no hosomichi ","「奥の細道」と題された旅行記で、彼は平泉の失われた栄光について深く思慮し、金鶏山はその過ぎ去った時代の唯一の名残であると書き残しました。","In his record of that journey entitled Oku no hosomichi  (The Narrow Road to the Deep North), he pondered the lost glory of Hiraizumi, and noted how Mt. Kinkei was the only remnant of that bygone era. "]
[337,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","山岳","束稲山","たばしねやま","Mt. Tabashine","束稲山（別称：さくら山と東山）は平泉から流れる北上川の東側の高さ594メートルの山です。","Mt. Tabashine (595 meters) is on the east side of the Kitakami River across from Hiraizumi."]
[338,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","西行法師","さいぎょうほうし","Saigyō Hōshi\n","僧侶歌人西行法師(1118-1190)が桜を見つけた時、彼が日本の最も著名な桜の名所奈良県の吉野と対抗しうるとしたと伝わっている。","The poet Saigyō Hōshi (1118–1190) visited Hiraizumi twice. When he witnessed the blossoms, he compared them to Yoshino in Nara Prefecture, home to Japan’s most famous expanse of cherry trees."]
[339,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お盆","おぼん","Bon Festival","お盆とはこの日に死者がこの世に戻ってくると信じられている仏教の行事で、この火はあの世に霊が戻っていく際の送り出しとして灯されます。","This “Daimonji” (“large character”) is illuminated with bonfires on the last day of the summer Bon Festival, the annual Buddhist observance in which the souls of the dead are believed to temporarily return to this world."]
[340,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","高館","たかだち","Takadachi ","高館は衣川と北見川を広範囲に、束稲山（別称：さくら山と東山）を東に見ることができる山の尾根です。","Takadachi is a ridge with a sweeping view of the Koromo and Kitakami rivers and Mt. Tabashine to the east. "]
[341,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","源義経","みなもとのよしつね","Minamoto no Yoshitsune","日本で最も著名な侍である源義経の旧家屋、そして彼が命を絶った場所として知られています。"," It is known as a former residence of Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159–1189), perhaps Japan’s most famous samurai, and the place where he met his fate. "]
[342,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","社会","源平合戦","げんぺいがっせん","Genpei War","義経は優れた武士に成長し、後の源平合戦(1180-1185)の勝利を導くまでとなった。","Yoshitsune, both an accomplished warrior and a skilled military tactician, later helped lead the Minamoto clan to victory against the Taira clan in the Genpei War (1180–1185). "]
[343,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","常行堂","じょうぎょうどう","Jōgyōdō Hall","常行堂は南に、法華堂は北側にありました。","The Jōgyōdō Hall was to the south and the Hokkedō to the north."]
[344,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法華堂","ほっけどう","Hokkedō Hall","発掘調査では、法華堂の礎石だけが発見されました。","Only foundation stones from the Hokkedō Hall can still be seen here in their original formation."]
[345,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","三昧","ざんまい","zanmai","常行堂では天台宗独特の「三昧」と呼ばれる瞑想を行いました。","Priests practiced a specific Tendai ritual called jōgyōdō-zanmai in the Jōgyōdō Hall. "]
[346,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","観自在王院","かんじざいおういん","Kanjizaiōin temple","平泉を支配した藤原氏の2代目の当主である藤原基衡（1105〜1157年）の妻が12世紀に観自在王院の建設を命じました。","The wife of Fujiwara Motohira (1105–1157), the second lord to rule over Hiraizumi, commissioned Kanjizaiōin temple in the twelfth century."]
[347,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","湖沼","舞鶴が池","まいづるがいけ","Dancing Crane Pond (Maizuru ga Ike)","庭園の中央にある楕円形の池は踊る鶴の池（舞鶴が池）と呼ばれており、当初の大きさと形をとどめています。","The pond at the center of the garden is known as the Dancing Crane Pond (Maizuru ga Ike) and was repaired to restore it to its original form and dimensions."]
[348,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","極楽","ごくらく","Buddhist paradise","庭園そのものは、仏教における楽園（極楽）を地上に再現することを目的とした浄土式庭園の代表的な例とされています。","The garden itself is considered to be a representative example of a Pure Land-style garden that was meant to simulate a Buddhist paradise. "]
[349,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鐘楼","しょうろう"," Bell tower","鐘楼は、日本中の仏教寺院の共通の特徴です。","Bell tower are a common feature of Buddhist temples throughout Japan."]
[350,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","地蔵菩薩","じぞうぼさつ","bodhisattva Jizō","シンプルな衣をまとった僧侶の姿で表現される地蔵菩薩の像は日本中どこでもよく見られるものです。","Statues of the bodhisattva Jizō are common, often seen in the form of a monk with a shaved head and wearing simple robes. "]
[351,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","庭園・公園","築山","つきやま","tsukiyama","様々な大きさの岩を特別に組み合わせてつくった「人工の山」（築山）は、毛越寺の浄土式庭園の調和とデザインにおいて不可欠な要素となっています。","Rocks of various sizes specially arranged into a “constructed mountain” (tsukiyama), are an element of the harmony and design of Mōtsūji Temple’s Pure Land-style garden. "]
[352,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","書物","作庭記","さくていき","Treatise on Garden Making (Sakuteiki)","この岩石の構造物は、日本最古の、そして最も重要視されている庭づくりのマニュアルである11世紀の『作庭記』に記載されている石庭（枯山水）のテクニックを用いています。","The formation uses a rock gardening technique described in the “Treatise on Garden Making” (Sakuteiki),one of Japan’s oldest garden manuals from the eleventh century."]
[353,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","平等院","びょうどういん","Byōdōin","この鐘の様式は、京都の平等院にあるものと似通っています。","The style of this bell is similar to one hanging at Byōdōin, a Buddhist temple in Uji, near Kyoto."]
[354,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","乗物","牛車","ぎっしゃ","ox-cart","12世紀、この門は土壁の東側に立っており、当時の貴族たちが使っていた牛車は、この通りをよく通っていて、牛車専用の駐車場もありました。","During the twelfth century, the gate stood along the eastern side of an earthen-walled enclosure, and led out to a wide, open area where a roofed structure for the ox-carts often used by aristocrats was located. "]
[355,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","湖沼","大泉が池","おおいずみがいけ"," Great Spring Pond (Ōizumi ga Ike)","大泉が池の浅い水はその南東の縁に沿って満ち引きし、小さな石は水に隠れたり、また現れたりします。","As the shallow waters of the Great Spring Pond (Ōizumi ga Ike) ripple along its southeastern edge, the small stones are hidden and revealed, and the ocean is created in microcosm. "]
[356,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","湖沼","洲浜","すはま","beach","緩やかに湾曲した洲浜は、大泉が池の他のセクションに見られるドラマチックで角張った岩とは対照的です。","The gently curving beach stands in contrast to the dramatic and angular rocks found in other sections of the Great Spring Pond."]
[357,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","平等院鳳凰堂","びょうどういんほうおうどう","Phoenix Hall (Hōōdō) at Byōdōin Temple","無量光院は京都にある有名な仏教寺院である平等院鳳凰堂を直接のモデルとしてつくられたが、このようなタイルがあるのは無量光院だけです。","While the temple was modeled directly after another famous Buddhist temple near Kyoto, the Phoenix Hall (Hōōdō) at Byōdōin Temple, the latter does not possess this tile feature. "]
[358,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","能楽殿","のうがくでん","noh stage","舞台裏の壁に描かれた松の木は、すべての能舞台の典型的特徴です。","The pine tree painted on the back wall of the stage is typical of all noh stages."]
[359,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","世阿弥","ぜあみ","Zeami","能は、14世紀から上演されており、最初は観阿弥清次（1333–1384）と息子の世阿弥元清(c. 1363–c. 1443)によって開発されました。","Noh has been performed since the fourteenth century and was initially developed by the actor Kan’ami Kiyotsugu (1333–1384) and his son Zeami Motokiyo (c. 1363–c. 1443). "]
[360,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","能","のう","noh","お面と衣装、大変洗練された動きを使い、伝統的な物語に基づいた演劇と舞いによっておこなわれる能の舞台です。","This is a stage for noh, a form of drama and dance that uses masks, costumes, and highly stylized movements and is based on traditional stories."]
[361,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白山神社","はくさんじんじゃ","Hakusan Jinja Shrine","白山神社は菊理媛神に加えて神道神話において日本列島を作った神であるイザナギとイザナミを祀っています。","Hakusan Jinja Shrine is dedicated to Izanagi and Izanami, gods who gave birth to the islands of Japan in Shinto mythology, as well as to the goddess Kukurihime no Kami. "]
[362,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","茅の輪","ちのわ","chinowa","この茅の輪という編まれた草の茎でできた輪は縁起が良いとされています。学者の中には茅の輪が産道を示しており、そこを通ったものは清められ、象徴的に生まれ変わると信じている者もいます。","Large rings of interwoven grasses (chinowa) are regarded as auspicious and are thought to cleanse evil and impurities from those who pass through them."]
[363,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","紋章等 ","磐前村印","いわさきむらいん","Iwasaki Village Seal","印章には「磐前村（いわさきむら）印」という名前が刻まれています。この文字を別の読み方をすると、村の名前は「いわがさき」とも読めます。","The seal bears the name “Iwasaki Village Seal.” An alternate reading of the characters suggests the name of the village could also be “Iwagasaki.” "]
[364,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","工芸・美術品","青白磁","せいはくじ","white celadon pottery (seihakuji)","この碗は青白磁の古典的な作例です。","The bowl is a classic example of white celadon pottery (seihakuji)."]
[365,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","工芸・美術品","輪花","りんか","rinka","縁の部分は、開いた花を模した小さな突起をあしらった「輪花」と呼ばれる様式の装飾がほどこされています。","The rim is decorated in a style known as rinka that has small notches which simulate an open flower. "]
[366,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","史跡","渥美大甕","あつみおおがめ","large Atsumi ware jar","渥美大甕は12世紀に作られ、研究者が12世紀平泉の行政の中心地だったと考える柳之御所遺跡において発掘されました。","This large Atsumi ware jar dates to the twelfth century and was unearthed at the Yanaginogosho site, which scholars believe to have been the administrative center of Hiraizumi. "]
[367,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","史跡","かわらけ","かわらけ","unglazed earthenware pottery (kawarake)","かわらけは、柳之御所で見つかった12世紀に作られた素焼き土器の例です。","These plates and bowls are examples of the unglazed earthenware pottery (kawarake) made in the twelfth century that were found at Yanaginogosho. "]
[368,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","工芸・美術品","渥美壺","あつみつぼ","Atsumi ware jar","これは灰釉渥美焼の素焼き壺です。","Reproduction of an Atsumi ware jar with ash glaze that was made in the twelfth century in the pottery center of Atsumi, Aichi Prefecture. "]
[369,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","史跡","常滑","とこなめ","Tokoname","この容器は12世紀に愛知県の窯元である常滑で作られました。","This container was produced in the twelfth century in Tokoname, a pottery center in Aichi Prefecture."]
[370,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","慈覚大師","じかくだいし","Jikaku Daishi","この木製の彫像は、日本の天台宗の第３代座主である円仁（別名、慈覚大師; 793または794–864）を描いています。","This wooden statue of Ennin (794–864, known posthumously as Jikaku Daishi), the third head abbot of the Tendai sect of Buddhism in Japan, was created in the Edo period (1603–1868). "]
[371,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白王院","はくおういん","Hakuō-in","この像は、毛越寺の子院である白王院に納められていました。","The statue was previously housed in Hakuō-in, a sub-temple of Mōtsūji Temple. "]
[372,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","史跡","鉄樹","てつじゅ","iron tree","これらの珍しい鉄樹は、平安時代（794〜1185）に作られ、地元の鍛冶である舞草鍛冶によって鋳造されたと考えられています。","These unusual iron trees crafted were made in the Heian period (794–1185) and are believed to be the work of members of Mokusa Kaji, a local group of blacksmiths. "]
[373,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","訶梨帝母","かりていも","Kariteimo","これは12世紀の木彫訶梨帝母像で、左手で赤ん坊を、右手でザクロを抱いています。","This twelfth-century wooden statue of Kariteimo holds a baby in her left arm and a pomegranate in her right hand. "]
[374,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","熊野","くまの","Kumano","熊野は、熊野三山の三大神社のある精神的な中心地です。","Kumano is a spiritual heartland that is home to the three Kumano Sanzan grand Shinto shrines. "]
[375,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","不動明王","ふどうみょうおう","Fudō Myō-ō","不動明王は、仏教の教えを守り、悪を打ち破る仏教の五大明王の一人です。","Fudō Myō-ō is the most important of Buddhism’s Five Wisdom Kings, who protect Buddhist teachings and vanquish evil."]
[376,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","羯磨","かつま","katsuma","真鍮のふたには、仏教の法輪と、羯磨という十字形の仏教の儀式用具が飾られています。","The brass lid is decorated with Buddhist dharma wheels and cross-shaped vajra, Buddhist ceremonial implements known in Japan as katsuma. "]
[377,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","不滅の法灯","ふめつのほうとう","Eternal Flames","中尊寺の本堂にある釈迦如来坐像の両側には、不滅の法灯が立っています。 ","A pair of Eternal Flames (fumetsu no hoto) burn in the lanterns that flank the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha in the main worship hall of Chusonji Temple."]
[378,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天台宗","てんだいしゅう","Tendai sect ","もともとこの炎は、日本で天台宗を設立した伝教大師最澄（767-822年）が灯したもので、1200年以上も燃え続けています。","The eternal flame was originally kindled by Saicho (767–822), the Japanese Buddhist monk who founded the Tendai sect of Buddhism in Japan, and it has burned continuously for over 1,200 years. "]
[379,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","最澄","さいちょう","Saicho","もともとこの炎は、日本で天台宗を設立した伝教大師最澄（767-822年）が灯したもので、1200年以上も燃え続けています。","The eternal flame was originally kindled by Saicho (767–822), the Japanese Buddhist monk who founded the Tendai sect of Buddhism in Japan, and it has burned continuously for over 1,200 years. "]
[380,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","書物","奥の細道","おくのほそみち","The Narrow Road to the Deep North","日本でもっともよく知られる17世紀の俳人、松尾芭蕉（1644-1694年）の記念碑です。彼は平泉を訪れ、傑作「奥の細道」で平泉についても触れました。","The seventeenth-century haiku master Matsuo Basho (1644–1694), one of Japan’s most famous poets, visited Hiraizumi and mentioned it in his masterpiece, The Narrow Road to the Deep North."]
[381,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松尾芭蕉","まつおばしょう"," Matsuo Basho","日本でもっともよく知られる17世紀の俳人、松尾芭蕉（1644-1694年）の記念碑です。彼は平泉を訪れ、傑作「奥の細道」で平泉についても触れました。","The seventeenth-century haiku master Matsuo Basho (1644–1694), one of Japan’s most famous poets, visited Hiraizumi and mentioned it in his masterpiece, The Narrow Road to the Deep North."]
[382,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","その他","奥州藤原氏","おうしゅうふじわらし","Oshu Fujiwara clan","12世紀の平泉は、奥州藤原氏の統治のもと、仏教文化が花開き、多数の寺院が造営され、栄華を極めました。","Hiraizumi flourished in the twelfth century under the rule of the Oshu Fujiwara clan, who built several temples transforming Hiraizumi into a center of Buddhist culture."]
[383,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","五月雨の\n降りのこしてや\n光堂\n","さみだれの\nふりのこしてや\nひかりどう","Untouched by\nThe rains of May\nShining Hall\n","五月雨の\n降りのこしてや\n光堂","Untouched by\nThe rains of May\nShining Hall"]
[384,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","宮沢賢治","みやざわけんじ","Miyazawa Kenji","1959年に建てられたこの石碑は、中尊寺とのかかわりが深い岩手県出身の作家、詩人の宮沢賢治（1896-1933年）を記念するものです。","This monument, erected in 1959, memorializes Japanese author and poet Miyazawa Kenji (1896–1933), a native of Iwate Prefecture with strong connections to Chusonji. "]
[385,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法華経","ほっけきょう","Lotus Sutra","宮沢は仏教、特に法華経と深い関わりがあり、法華経は彼の人生に大きな影響を及ぼしました。","Miyazawa’s deep connection to Buddhism, particularly the Lotus Sutra, also had an important impact on his life."]
[386,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","年中行事","古実式三番","こじつしきさんばん","Kojitsu Shiki Sanban","この古典的な舞踊は、重要な宗教的儀式舞踊は、この国の豊作と平和を願うものです。","The Kojitsu Shiki Sanban is a four-part ritual dance performed each year to ensure an abundant harvest and peace throughout Japan."]
[387,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鎮守社","ちんじゅしゃ","(be) dedicated to the native spirits that inhabit and protect the land around the temple","白山神社は、中尊寺の境内地、関山の地主神である白山神をまつる鎮守社としての役割を果たしてきました。","This shrine sits northwest of Chusonji and is dedicated to the native spirits that inhabit and protect the land around the temple."]
[388,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","円仁","えんにん"," Ennin","仏僧、円仁（794-864）は、仏教を広めるため829年に東北地方を周遊しました。","The Japanese monk Ennin (794–864) traveled to the Tohoku region around the year 829 to spread the teaching of Tendai Buddhism."]
[389,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","書物","吾妻鏡","あづまかがみ","Azumakagami","13世紀の歴史書の『吾妻鏡』によると、観自在王院は平泉の地を治めた奥州藤原氏の二代目、藤原基衡(1105-1157)の妻により建立されたといわれています。","According to the Azumakagami, a thirteenth-century historical record, Kanjizaioin was constructed by the wife of Fujiwara no Motohira (1105–1157), the second lord of the Oshu Fujiwara clan that once ruled Hiraizumi. "]
[390,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","藤原基衡","ふじわらのもとひら","Fujiwara no Motohira","13世紀の歴史書の『吾妻鏡』によると、観自在王院は平泉の地を治めた奥州藤原氏の二代目、藤原基衡(1105-1157)の妻により建立されたといわれています。","According to the Azumakagami, a thirteenth-century historical record, Kanjizaioin was constructed by the wife of Fujiwara no Motohira (1105–1157), the second lord of the Oshu Fujiwara clan that once ruled Hiraizumi. "]
[391,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","阿弥陀堂","あみだどう","Amida Hall","発掘では2つの阿弥陀堂を含む複数の建物の痕跡が確認されました。","Among other discoveries, researchers have located the sites of several temple buildings, including the Amida Halls."]
[392,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","建造物等","土塁","どるい","earthwork","庭の中央の、遣水から水を注いだ池、周囲を囲む土塁、そしてかつては2つの阿弥陀堂がありました。","The original temple featured a pair of elaborately decorated Amida Halls, a landscaped garden with a central, stream-fed pond, and extensive perimeter earthworks."]
[393,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","建造物等","遣水","やりみず","stream-fed","庭の中央の、遣水から水を注いだ池、周囲を囲む土塁、そしてかつては2つの阿弥陀堂がありました。","The original temple featured a pair of elaborately decorated Amida Halls, a landscaped garden with a central, stream-fed pond, and extensive perimeter earthworks."]
[394,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西方浄土","さいほうじょうど"," Pure Land Western paradise","観自在王院の庭園は、西方浄土の平和や静けさをこの世に再現するものとして設計されました。","The Kanjizaioin Temple garden was designed to depict the Pure Land Western paradise, and to reproduce the peace and tranquility of this Buddhist paradise. "]
[395,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","庭園・公園","浄土庭園","じょうどていえん","Pure Land Buddhist garden ","池の形や石の配置には12世紀の造園技術が反映され重要です。また、観自在王院は12世紀の浄土庭園の例として高く評価されています。","The shape and design of the pond and its decorative rock formations are typical of twelfth-century Japanese garden design, and the garden at Kanjizaioin Temple is highly acclaimed as a rare example of twelfth-century Pure Land Buddhist garden architecture. "]
[396,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","湖沼","舞鶴ヶ池","まいづるがいけ","Dancing Crane Pond","観自在王院のなかでも重要な見どころのひとつが、この舞鶴が池です。","The Dancing Crane Pond (Maizurugaike) is a unique highlight and key component of the Kanjizaioin Temple garden."]
[397,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","書物","作庭記","さくていき","Sakuteiki","池の設計や形は、平安時代 (794-1185) の庭園に関する最初の学術書「作庭記」が記していたことと一致します。それには「池は鶴か亀の形に似せるのがよい」と書かれていました。","Both the name and the design of Maizurugaike correspond to instructions written in the Sakuteiki, a Heian period (794–1185) treatise on Japanese garden design that states that ponds should resemble the shape of either a turtle or a crane."]
[398,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","史跡","泉殿","いずみどの","Spring Hall ","これは、貴族の邸宅にみられた納涼の場としての「泉殿」の跡ではないかと考えられています。","Researchers speculate this pool was a Spring Hall (Izumi-dono), used for cooling in the summer, that was often seen at upper class residences."]
[399,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","薬師如来","やくしにょらい","Yakushi Nyorai","本堂には、薬と癒しの仏、薬師如来の像を祀っています。薬師如来像は平安時代（794〜1185年）の作です。","It enshrines a statue of Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of medicine and healing, , that dates to the Heian period (794–1185)."]
[400,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四天王","してんのう"," four heavenly kings ","両側には2体の菩薩が立っています。さらに、本尊である仏を守る四天王も安置されています。","Statues of bodhisattvas, or enlightened beings, stand on either side of the Buddha, while images of four heavenly kings stand guard at the cardinal compass points around the Buddha statue."]
[401,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","二階惣門","にかいそうもん","two-storied gate","13世紀に編纂された、鎌倉時代（1185–1333年）の歴史的記録「吾妻鏡」には、「大きな二階惣門だった」と、門の大きさや形が描写されています。","Azumakagami, a historical record of the Kamakura period (1185–1333), describes the Nandaimon as a “great, two-storied gate,” suggesting a large, imposing structure."]
[402,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","藤原秀衡","ふじわらのひでひら"," Fujiwara no Hidehira","鎌倉時代（1185–1333）の歴史書で、武家の歴史について詳しく叙述した「吾妻鏡」は、藤原基衡（1105–1157年）が嘉祥寺の建設を始め、息子の藤原秀衡（1122–1187年）が完成させたと記しています。","According to the Azumakagami, a historical record of the Kamakura period (1185–1333) that contains detailed accounts of the history of the warrior class, construction of Kashoji Temple was begun by Fujiwara no Motohira (1105–1157) and completed by his son, Fujiwara no Hidehira (1122–1187)."]
[403,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","講堂","こうどう","Lecture Hall","かつてこの場所にあった講堂には、宇宙の至高の仏である、胎金両部大日如来の像が祀られていました。","The Motsuji Temple Lecture Hall (Kodo) that once stood at this location enshrined an image of Dainichi Nyorai (Vairocana), the Supreme Buddha of the Cosmos."]
[404,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","年中行事","曲水の宴","ごくすいのえん","Winding Stream Festival","毎年5月の第4日曜日には、この遣水のほとりで、伝統的な詩の祭である「曲水の宴」が行われます。","Each year on the fourth Sunday in May, Motsuji Temple hosts a traditional poetry festival called Gokusui no En (“Winding Stream Festival”) along the banks of the stream. "]
[405,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","その他","十二単","じゅうにひとえ"," layered kimono","参加者は平安時代の衣装、男子絵は衣冠狩衣、女性は十二単を着るのが通例です。","Participants wear Heian period (794–1185) courtly dress: men wear traditional hunting attire and headdresses, and women wear layered kimono called junihitoe."]
[406,"岩手県","平泉町世界遺産推進協議会","年中行事","延年の舞","えんねんのまい","Ennen no Mai","ここでは、重要な仏教儀式である舞踊、「延年の舞」が奉納されます。仏と寺を讃えるという目的で、800年以上にわたって行われてきました。","The festival features longevity dances called Ennen no Mai, a ritual performed at the Circumambulation Hall in praise of the guardian deities of the temple, which has been performed at Motsuji Temple for more than eight hundred years. "]
[407,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","植物","茶の湯","ちゃのゆ","chanoyu","松尾鉱山資料館では住民の携帯蓄音機やスライド映写機から、室内楽団、ホームパーティー、茶の湯の茶会、その他の文化活動まで、鉱山での生活の娯楽的な側面についても紹介しています。","The museum also covers the recreational side of life on the mountain, from residents’ portable gramophones and slide projectors to their chamber orchestra, home parties, chanoyu tea gatherings, and other cultural pursuits. "]
[408,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","郷土景観","八幡平アスピーテライン","はちまんたいあすぴーてらいん","Hachimantai Aspite Line","これらの倒壊しつつある建物は危険とみなされ、観光客の立ち入りは禁止されていますが、八幡平アスピーテラインの道路沿いから見ることができ、写真を撮ることもできます。","These crumbling edifices are deemed unsafe and are off-limit to visitors, but can be seen and photographed from the roadside along the Hachimantai Aspite Line."]
[409,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","工芸・美術品","安比塗","あっぴぬり","Appi-nuri,","鮮やかな朱色や深みのある漆黒、優雅なフォルムが、岩手県八幡平市の安比川流域で生産される安比塗の特徴です。","Vivid reds, deep lush blacks, and graceful forms characterize Appi-nuri."]
[410,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","工芸・美術品","漆","うるし","urushi ","樹液を採るウルシの木が生えている場所を上流にあがった叺田付近の川の近くにありました。","a small colony of lacquer artisans lived near the river around Kamasuda, upstream from where urushi trees were tapped for their sap."]
[411,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","修験道","しゅげんどう","Shugend","細道をさらに進むと、かつて修験道僧の修行の場だった不動の滝が現れます。","Farther along the path is the Fudo no Taki waterfall, a cascade that once served as training ground for practitioners of Shugendo."]
[412,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","温泉","松川温泉","まつかわおんせん","Matsukawa Onsen","松川温泉は、同名の川の近くに位置する十和田八幡平国立公園内の温泉町です。","Matsukawa Onsen is a hot-spring town located near its namesake river within the Towada-Hachimantai National Park. "]
[413,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","温泉","湯花","ゆばな","yubana","ゆで卵を思わせる匂いが特徴的な、湯の花として知られる鉱物成分を沈殿させた入浴剤もあります。","The milky-white waters in this volcanic zone come from sulfur springs. They have the typical mineral deposits known as yubana and the characteristic scent reminiscent of boiled eggs. "]
[414,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","食","温泉卵","おんせんたまご","onsen tamago,","この地熱エネルギーでゆでた温泉卵は、日本各地の温泉で見られるお土産やご馳走として人気があります。","Called onsen tamago, these eggs cooked with geothermal energies are a popular treat and souvenir found in hot springs throughout Japan. "]
[415,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","食","山菜","さんさい","sansai ","宿泊客に出される食事は、天然の山菜など地元の旬の食材がふんだんに使われ、いつ訪れても季節の恵みを堪能できます。","The meals served for overnight lodgers incorporate plenty of locally grown produce, including wild sansai plants, always a treat when visiting rural inns."]
[416,"岩手県","八幡平ファームステイ協議会","温泉","秘湯","ひとう","hitou","それでも、この地域は辺鄙な場所にあり、日本国内の人里離れた温泉旅館の秘湯リストに、この地域の3軒の温泉宿のうち2軒が選ばれています。","Even so, the area is remote enough that two of its three lodgings are included among Japan’s venerated hitou listing of secluded hot-spring inns."]
[417,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","海岸・岬","神割崎","かみわりざき","Cape Kamiwarizaki","神割崎は三陸地域屈指の名勝地です。","Cape Kamiwarizaki is one of the most renowned scenic spots in the Sanriku region."]
[418,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","雄勝ローズファクトリーガーデン","おがつろーずふぁくとりーがーでん","Ogatsu Rose Factory Garden","雄勝ローズファクトリーガーデンは、希望とコミュニティの象徴です。","The Ogatsu Rose Factory Garden is a symbol of hope and community."]
[419,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","おがつ店こ屋街","おがつたなこやがい","Ogatsu Tanakoya Mall","おがつ店こ屋街は、地域の中核を担うショッピングセンターです。ここでは、地域の人と観光に訪れた人が、新鮮な地元の食材を使った家庭料理を楽しんだり、雄勝の名産物である高級な手作りの硯を購入したりできます。","The Ogatsu Tanakoya Mall is at the heart of the community, a shopping center where locals and visitors can enjoy home-style meals prepared from fresh, local ingredients or pick up one of the high-quality, handcrafted inkstones that Ogatsu is renowned for."]
[420,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","葉山神社","はやまじんじゃ","Hayama-jinja Shrine","葉山神社と石神社は、石峰山にある二つの神聖な場所で、長い歴史を共有しています。","Hayama-jinja Shrine and Isono-jinja Shrine are two sacred sites on Mt. Ishimine that share a long history.","※みちのく潮風トレイルマップでは神社は「名前-jinja Shrine」で統一。"]
[421,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","石神社","いそのじんじゃ","Isono-jinja Shrine","葉山神社と石神社は、石峰山にある二つの神聖な場所で、長い歴史を共有しています。","Hayama-jinja Shrine and Isono-jinja Shrine are two sacred sites on Mt. Ishimine that share a long history.","※みちのく潮風トレイルマップでは神社は「名前-jinja Shrine」で統一。"]
[422,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","山岳","石峰山","いしみねやま","Mt. Ishimine","葉山神社と石神社は、石峰山にある二つの神聖な場所で、長い歴史を共有しています。","Hayama-jinja Shrine and Isono-jinja Shrine are two sacred sites on Mt. Ishimine that share a long history."]
[423,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","年中行事","雄勝法印神楽","おがつほういんかぐら","Ogatsu Hoin Kagura","葉山神社は、雄勝法印神楽という華麗な面や衣装を特徴とするこの地域の伝統的な神楽（神を楽しませるための音楽や踊り）で有名です。","The shrine is known for its Ogatsu Hoin Kagura, a local tradition of music and dance performed to entertain the gods (kagura) that is characterized by ornate masks and elaborate costumes."]
[424,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","モリウミアス","もりうみあす","Moriumius Lusail","雄勝の森の中にあるモリウミアス（Moriumius Lusail）は、子どもたちがサステイナビリティと自然とともに生きることについて学べる教育的な施設です。","Moriumius Lusail is an educational center in the woods of Ogatsu where children can learn about sustainability and living in harmony with nature."]
[425,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白銀神社","しろがねじんじゃ","Shirogane-jinja Shrine","白銀神社","Shirogane-jinja Shrine","※みちのく潮風トレイルマップでは神社は「名前-jinja Shrine」で統一。"]
[426,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","海岸・岬","白銀崎","しろがねざき","Cape Shiroganezaki","奈良時代（710-794）に建立された白銀崎にあるこの神社は、元気を回復させエネルギーを与えてくれる素晴らしい自然の美を備えた場所、「パワースポット」とされています。","Established in the Nara period (710-794), this shrine on Cape Shiroganezaki is regarded as a “power spot,” a place of great natural beauty that has rejuvenating and energizing effects."]
[427,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","建造物等","大須崎灯台","おおすざきとうだい","Cape Osuzaki Lighthouse","1949年に建設された大須崎灯台は、雄勝半島の小さな町、大須の漁港を見晴らしています。","Constructed in 1949, the Cape Osuzaki Lighthouse overlooks the fishing harbor of the small town of Osu on the Ogatsu Peninsula."]
[428,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","海岸・岬","荒浜","あらはま","Arahama Beach","荒浜はみちのく潮風トレイル沿いにある数多くの水泳場のひとつです。","Arahama Beach is one of many swimming areas along the Michinoku Coastal Trail."]
[429,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","史跡","火伏せ","ひぶせ","Hibuse Stone Monuments","火伏せ","Hibuse Stone Monuments"]
[430,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","年中行事","おめつき","おめつき","ometsuki","「おめつき」と呼ばれるいたずらっぽい即興劇の上演や、色とりどりの大きな山車の巡行が行われます。","There are performances of bawdy, improvised skits called ometsuki, along with a colorful parade of large floats."]
[431,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","波板地域交流センター","なみいたちいきこうりゅうせんたー","Namiita Lab Community Center","地元の素材を使用し、ユニバーサルデザインをコンセプトにして建設された波板地域交流センターは、2016年にグッドデザイン賞を受賞しました。","The Namiita Lab Community Center, constructed using local materials and applying the principles of universal design, won a Good Design Award in 2016."]
[432,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","第二勝丸保存所","だいにかつまるほぞんじょ","Boat House Namiita","道を下ってすぐの海岸の近くには、第二勝丸という名前の小船が展示されている第二勝丸保存所（Boat House Namiita）があります。","Near the shore just down the road is Boat House Namiita, which includes an exhibit of a small boat named the Daini Katsumaru."]
[433,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","乗物","第二勝丸","だいにかつまる","Daini Katsumaru","道を下ってすぐの海岸の近くには、第二勝丸という名前の小船が展示されている第二勝丸保存所（Boat House Namiita）があります。","Near the shore just down the road is Boat House Namiita, which includes an exhibit of a small boat named the Daini Katsumaru."]
[434,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","建造物等","大川小学校","おおかわしょうがっこう","Okawa Elementary School","釜谷地区の大川小学校は、2011年3月11日に発生した東日本大震災で亡くなった人々の慰霊碑の中でも最も悲しく辛いもののひとつです。","Okawa Elementary School in the village of Kamaya is one of the most poignant and sobering monuments to the lives lost in the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami on March 11, 2011."]
[435,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","湖沼","長面浦","ながつらうら","Nagatsura Lagoon","北上川の河口からそう遠くない場所にある長面浦は太平洋と繋がっています。","Located not far from the mouth of the Kitakami River, Nagatsura Lagoon is connected to the Pacific Ocean."]
[436,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","北上川","きたかみがわ","Kitakami River","250キロメートル以上にわたって流れる北上川は、東北地方最大の河川であり、日本で4番目に長い川です。","The Kitakami River flows for over 250 kilometers, and is the largest river in the Tohoku region, as well as the fourth largest in Japan."]
[437,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","建造物等","北上大橋","きたかみおおはし","Kitakami-ohashi Bridge","北上大橋は、みちのく潮風トレイルと北上川が交差する唯一の場所ですが、この力強い川はこの地方の暮らしのかけがえのない一部です。","Although the Kitakami-ohashi Bridge is the only place where the Michinoku Coastal Trail and the Kitakami River cross paths, this mighty river is an intrinsic part of life in the region."]
[438,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","丸山地蔵","まるやまじぞう","Maruyama Jizo","丸山地蔵は、天明の大飢饉（1782-1788）で亡くなった人々を慰霊するとともに、豊かな収穫を祈る対象として、1801年に建立されました。","The Maruyama Jizo was erected in 1801 to honor the spirits of people who died in the Tenmei Famine (1782–1788) and as a focus of prayers for bountiful harvests."]
[439,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","釣石神社","つりいしじんじゃ","Tsuriishi-jinja Shrine","釣石神社の御神体は、14メートルの大きな石で、この石は杉で覆われた丘の側面に危なっかしいバランスで置かれています。","The object of worship at Tsuriishi-jinja Shrine is a 14-meter-long stone balanced precariously on the side of a cedar-covered hill.","※みちのく潮風トレイルマップでは神社は「名前-jinja Shrine」で統一。"]
[440,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","白浜海水浴場","しはらまかいすいよくじょう","Shirahama Beach Park","白浜海水浴場と鹿島神社","Shirahama Beach Park and Kashima-jinja Shrine"]
[441,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鹿島神社","かしまじんじゃ","Kashima-jinja Shrine","白浜海水浴場と鹿島神社","Shirahama Beach Park and Kashima-jinja Shrine","※みちのく潮風トレイルマップでは神社は「名前-jinja Shrine」で統一。"]
[442,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","高原・湿原・原野","大盤平","おおばんだいら","Obandaira","大盤平は、戸倉半島の森に覆われた山脈の頂上にある草原を指します。","Obandaira refers to the grassland atop a forest-covered mountain range on the Tokura Peninsula."]
[443,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","金華山","きんかさん","Kinkasan Island","金華山","Kinkasan Island"]
[444,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","南三陸・海のビジターセンター","みなみさんりくうみのびじたーせんたー","Minamisanriku Marine Visitor Center","2016年11月に三陸復興国立公園の一部としてオープンした南三陸・海のビジターセンターは、景観スポットやトレッキングルート、野生生物、歴史など、みちのく潮風トレイルの様々な側面について豊富な情報を提供しています。","Opened in November 2016 as part of Sanriku Fukko (Reconstruction) National Park, the Minamisanriku Marine Visitor Center provides a wealth of information on various aspects of the Michinoku Coastal Trail, from scenic spots and hiking routes to wildlife and history."]
[445,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","テーマ施設等","石巻・川のビジターセンター","いしのまきかわのびじたーせんたー","Ishinomaki Riverside Visitor Center","2018年4月にオープンした石巻・川のビジターセンターは、みちのく潮風トレイルの散策中に一休みして三陸地方の自然について学ぶのに好適な場所です。","Opened in April 2018, the Ishinomaki Riverside Visitor Center is a great place to take a break from walking the Michinoku Coastal Trail and learn about the natural wonders of the Sanriku region."]
[446,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","山岳","田束山","たつがねやま","Mt. Tatsugane","高さ512メートルの田束山は南三陸市で最も高い山で、気仙沼市との境界にまたがっています。","At 512 meters, Mt. Tatsugane is the tallest peak in Minamisanriku and straddles the border with the town of Kesennuma."]
[447,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","海岸・岬","志津川湾","しずがわわん","Shizugawa Bay","山頂からは、志津川湾とこの地域のギザギザした海岸線の全体を俯瞰する景色が望めます。","The summit offers a bird’s-eye view of Shizugawa Bay and the area’s jagged coastline."]
[448,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","伊里前川","いさとまえがわ","Isatomae River","南三陸の河川: 伊里前川, 八幡川, 水尻川, 折立川, 水戸部川","Rivers of Minamisanriku: Isatomae River, Hachiman River, Mizushiri River, Oritate River, Mitobe River"]
[449,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","八幡川","はちまんがわ","Hachiman River","南三陸の河川: 伊里前川, 八幡川, 水尻川, 折立川, 水戸部川","Rivers of Minamisanriku: Isatomae River, Hachiman River, Mizushiri River, Oritate River, Mitobe River"]
[450,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","水尻川","みずしりがわ","Mizushiri River","南三陸の河川: 伊里前川, 八幡川, 水尻川, 折立川, 水戸部川","Rivers of Minamisanriku: Isatomae River, Hachiman River, Mizushiri River, Oritate River, Mitobe River"]
[451,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","折立川","おりたてがわ","Oritate River","南三陸の河川: 伊里前川, 八幡川, 水尻川, 折立川, 水戸部川","Rivers of Minamisanriku: Isatomae River, Hachiman River, Mizushiri River, Oritate River, Mitobe River"]
[452,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","水戸部川","みとべがわ","Mitobe River","南三陸の河川: 伊里前川, 八幡川, 水尻川, 折立川, 水戸部川","Rivers of Minamisanriku: Isatomae River, Hachiman River, Mizushiri River, Oritate River, Mitobe River"]
[453,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","イトトンボ","いととんぼ","damselfly","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[454,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ゲンジボタル","げんじぼたる","Japanese firefly","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[455,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","トウホクサンショウウオ","とうほくさんしょううお","Tohoku salamander","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[456,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","モクズガニ","もくずがに","Japanese mitten crab","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[457,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ワカサギ","わかさぎ","sweetfish","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[458,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","マス","ます","salmon","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[459,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","シロザケ","しろざけ","chum salmon","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[460,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","シロウオ","しろうお","ice goby","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[461,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","マハゼ","まはぜ","yellowfin goby","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[462,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ウグイ","うぐい","Japanese dace","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[463,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ボラ","ぼら","striped mullet","鋭い観察眼を持つ人は、この地域の河川をめぐりながら、イトトンボ、ゲンジボタル、トウホクサンショウウオ、モクズガニ、ワカサギ、マス、シロザケ、シロウオ、マハゼ、ウグイ、ボラなど、あらゆる種類の生き物を見つけることができるでしょう。","Sharp-eyed visitors to the region’s rivers can look forward to spotting all sorts of creatures, including damselflies, Japanese fireflies, Tohoku salamanders, and Japanese mitten crabs as well as sweetfish (ayu), salmon, chum salmon, ice goby, yellowfin goby, Japanese dace, and striped mullet."]
[464,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","アマガエル","あまがえる","Japanese tree frog","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[465,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ニホンアカガエル","にほんあかがえる","Japanese brown frog","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[466,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","アカハライモリ","あかはらいもり","Japanese fire-belly newt","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[467,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ヒル","ひる","leeche","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[468,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ゲンゴロウ","げんごろう","diving beetle","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[469,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ガムシ","がむし","water scavenger beetle","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[470,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ミズカマキリ","みずかまきり","water stick insect","アマガエル、ニホンアカガエル、毒を持つアカハライモリ、ヒルは皆、典型的な夏の住民です。水を張った田にはゲンゴロウ、ガムシ、ミズカマキリをはじめとするさまざまな昆虫も見られます。","Japanese tree frogs, Japanese brown frogs, toxic Japanese fire-belly newts, and leeches are all typical summer residents. A range of insects, notably diving beetles, water scavenger beetles, and water stick insects, can be found in the flooded rice fields as well."]
[471,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ヤドカリ","やどかり","hermit crab","小さな水生生物に含まれるのは、多種の二枚貝と巻貝、ヤドカリ、イソガニ、ミドリイソギンチャク、キヒトデ、そしてミミズハゼやアゴハゼなどの小魚です。","The latter include various types of clams and seashells, hermit crabs, Asian shore crabs, rainbow bottom anemones, Japanese common starfish, and small fish such as the flat-headed goby and the fork-tongued goby."]
[472,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","イソガニ","いそがに","Asian shore crab","小さな水生生物に含まれるのは、多種の二枚貝と巻貝、ヤドカリ、イソガニ、ミドリイソギンチャク、キヒトデ、そしてミミズハゼやアゴハゼなどの小魚です。","The latter include various types of clams and seashells, hermit crabs, Asian shore crabs, rainbow bottom anemones, Japanese common starfish, and small fish such as the flat-headed goby and the fork-tongued goby."]
[473,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ミドリイソギンチャク","みどりいそぎんちゃく","rainbow bottom anemone","小さな水生生物に含まれるのは、多種の二枚貝と巻貝、ヤドカリ、イソガニ、ミドリイソギンチャク、キヒトデ、そしてミミズハゼやアゴハゼなどの小魚です。","The latter include various types of clams and seashells, hermit crabs, Asian shore crabs, rainbow bottom anemones, Japanese common starfish, and small fish such as the flat-headed goby and the fork-tongued goby."]
[474,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","キヒトデ","きひとで","Japanese common starfish","小さな水生生物に含まれるのは、多種の二枚貝と巻貝、ヤドカリ、イソガニ、ミドリイソギンチャク、キヒトデ、そしてミミズハゼやアゴハゼなどの小魚です。","The latter include various types of clams and seashells, hermit crabs, Asian shore crabs, rainbow bottom anemones, Japanese common starfish, and small fish such as the flat-headed goby and the fork-tongued goby."]
[475,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ミミズハゼ","みみずはぜ","flat-headed goby","小さな水生生物に含まれるのは、多種の二枚貝と巻貝、ヤドカリ、イソガニ、ミドリイソギンチャク、キヒトデ、そしてミミズハゼやアゴハゼなどの小魚です。","The latter include various types of clams and seashells, hermit crabs, Asian shore crabs, rainbow bottom anemones, Japanese common starfish, and small fish such as the flat-headed goby and the fork-tongued goby."]
[476,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","アゴハゼ","あごはぜ","fork-tongued goby","小さな水生生物に含まれるのは、多種の二枚貝と巻貝、ヤドカリ、イソガニ、ミドリイソギンチャク、キヒトデ、そしてミミズハゼやアゴハゼなどの小魚です。","The latter include various types of clams and seashells, hermit crabs, Asian shore crabs, rainbow bottom anemones, Japanese common starfish, and small fish such as the flat-headed goby and the fork-tongued goby."]
[477,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","植物","ワカメ","わかめ","Wakame","ワカメとマコンブは両方茶色の海藻で、日本料理によく使われます。","Wakame and makonbu are both brown seaweeds often used in Japanese cuisine."]
[478,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","植物","マコンブ","まこんぶ","makonbu","ワカメとマコンブは両方茶色の海藻で、日本料理によく使われます。","Wakame and makonbu are both brown seaweeds often used in Japanese cuisine."]
[479,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","クチバシカジカ","くちばしかじか","Grunt sculpin","クチバシカジカとダンゴウオは寒い北の気候から、ハゼとマサバは南から旅してきます。","Grunt sculpin and lumpfish come from colder northern climes, while goby and chub mackerel travel from the south."]
[480,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ダンゴウオ","だんごうお","lumpfish","クチバシカジカとダンゴウオは寒い北の気候から、ハゼとマサバは南から旅してきます。","Grunt sculpin and lumpfish come from colder northern climes, while goby and chub mackerel travel from the south."]
[481,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ニホンイヌワシ","にほんいぬわし","Japanese golden eagle","おそらく、最も雄大なのは、絶滅危惧種で南三陸の代表的な鳥でもあるニホンイヌワシです。","Arguably the most majestic is the Japanese golden eagle, an endangered species that is also Minamisanriku’s representative bird."]
[482,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","オオワシ","おおわし","Steller’s sea eagle","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[483,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ミサゴ","みさご","osprey","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[484,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","クマタカ","くまたか","mountain hawk-eagle","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[485,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","カモメ","かもめ","seagull","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[486,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","カモ","かも","duck","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[487,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","コクガン","こくがん","brent goose","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[488,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","オオコノハズク","おおこのはずく","Sunda scops owl","その他の猛禽類には、オオワシ、ミサゴ、クマタカなどがいます。さらに、カモメやカモ、珍しいコクガンなど、豊富な海草をエサとし、この地域で越冬する多種の水鳥もいます。オオコノハズクもこの地域に生息しています。","Other birds of prey in the area include Steller’s sea eagle, the osprey, and the mountain hawk-eagle. There are various kinds of waterfowl as well, from seagulls and ducks to the rare brent goose, which winters here, feeding on the abundant seagrass. The Sunda scops owl also inhabits the area. "]
[489,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","マダラ","まだら","Pacific cod","季節に応じて、シロザケ、ギンザケ、マダラを入手できます。また、アナゴ、ミズダコ、ウニ、貝類もよく売られています。","Depending on the time of year, you may find chum salmon, coho salmon, or Pacific cod. Conger eel, giant Pacific octopus, sea urchin, and clams are also often available."]
[490,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","アナゴ","あなご","Conger eel","季節に応じて、シロザケ、ギンザケ、マダラを入手できます。また、アナゴ、ミズダコ、ウニ、貝類もよく売られています。","Depending on the time of year, you may find chum salmon, coho salmon, or Pacific cod. Conger eel, giant Pacific octopus, sea urchin, and clams are also often available."]
[491,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ミズダコ","みずだこ","giant Pacific octopus","季節に応じて、シロザケ、ギンザケ、マダラを入手できます。また、アナゴ、ミズダコ、ウニ、貝類もよく売られています。","Depending on the time of year, you may find chum salmon, coho salmon, or Pacific cod. Conger eel, giant Pacific octopus, sea urchin, and clams are also often available."]
[492,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ウニ","うに","sea urchin","季節に応じて、シロザケ、ギンザケ、マダラを入手できます。また、アナゴ、ミズダコ、ウニ、貝類もよく売られています。","Depending on the time of year, you may find chum salmon, coho salmon, or Pacific cod. Conger eel, giant Pacific octopus, sea urchin, and clams are also often available."]
[493,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","マボヤ","まぼや","sea pineapple","マボヤやツノナシオキアミなどのより珍しい海産物もありますが、より典型的な日本料理を好む人は、地元で採れたワカメを購入したいと考えるでしょう。 ","More exotic offerings include sea pineapple and North Pacific krill, but fans of more typical Japanese cuisine will want to pick up some of the locally harvested wakame seaweed."]
[494,"宮城県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園多言語化促進協議会","動物","ツノナシオキアミ","つのなしおきあみ","North Pacific krill","マボヤやツノナシオキアミなどのより珍しい海産物もありますが、より典型的な日本料理を好む人は、地元で採れたワカメを購入したいと考えるでしょう。 ","More exotic offerings include sea pineapple and North Pacific krill, but fans of more typical Japanese cuisine will want to pick up some of the locally harvested wakame seaweed."]
[495,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","密教","みっきょう","esoteric Buddhism","円仁(793/794-864)が松島に密教であった天台宗の拠点を設立したといわれています。","Built on the site of two previous temples, Zuiganji traces its roots to the ninth century, when the priest Ennin (793/794–864) is said to have established a base for the Tendai school of esoteric Buddhism in Matsushima. "]
[496,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","浄土","じょうど","Pure Land","これらの風景や生物は、悟りの領域である純粋な土地（日本語：浄土）を表しています。","These landscapes and creatures represent the Pure Land (Japanese: Jodo), which is the realm of enlightenment."]
[497,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","人物・人名・役職名","観音","かんのん","The Buddhist deity of mercy and compassion","中央のブロンズ像は、慈悲と思いやりの神様である観音（サンスクリット語：Avalokiteśvara）を描述しており、 室町時代（1336年から1573年）まで遡ります。","The bronze figure in the center depicts Kannon, the Buddhist deity of mercy and compassion (Sanskrit: Avalokiteśvara), and dates from the Muromachi period (1336 to 1573)."]
[498,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","その他","中国の古典","ちゅうごくのこてん","Chinese classics","この作品は中国の古典の一場面を描いています。","The artwork depicts a scene from the Chinese classics."]
[499,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","工芸・美術品","金具","かなぐ","metal fittings","他にも、京都の職人によって作られた右側の壁にある金具が、この部屋の主が位の高い人であったことを示しています。","Another indicator of the high status of this room’s occupants are the metal fittings on the wall at right, created by an artisan from Kyoto. "]
[500,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","植物","椿","つばき","camellias","棚に描かれた赤と白の椿は、長寿と繁栄を象徴しています。","Red and white camellias, depicted on the shelves, represent long life and enduring prosperity."]
[501,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","羅漢","らかん","rakan (Sanskrit: arhat), the disciples of Buddha who attained nirvana and are revered in Zen Buddhism.","障壁画は1878年のもので、涅槃を成就し、禅宗で崇拝された仏の弟子である十六羅漢（サンズクリット：arhat）を描いています。","The wall paintings are from 1878 and depict the sixteen rakan (Sanskrit: arhat), the disciples of Buddha who attained nirvana and are revered in Zen Buddhism."]
[502,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","その他","赤い黄土","あかいおうど","red ochre","少量の赤い黄土がインクと混合され、特有の色合いとなっています。","Small amounts of red ochre were mixed with the ink, giving the work its particular hue."]
[503,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","植物","薬草","やくそう","medicinal plant","菊は元来、薬草として中国から日本に持ち込まれ、医師の控え室に描くには適切なものとされていました。","Chrysanthemums were originally brought to Japan from China as a medicinal plant, making them an appropriate subject for a space set aside for physicians."]
[504,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","人物・人名・役職名","弟子","でし"," disciple","オリジナルは一門（生没不明）という佐久間左京（1581–1658）の弟子によって描かれており、寺の博物館（青龍殿）に移されています。","The originals, which have been moved to the Temple Museum (Seiryuden), were painted by a disciple of Sakuma Sakyo (1581–1658) named Ichimon (unknown-unknown)."]
[505,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","人物・人名・役職名","家臣","かしん","samurai retainers","伊達家の高位の家臣達がこの部屋に控えていました。","The high-ranking samurai retainers of the Date family waited in this room. "]
[506,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","その他","御成","おなり","onari","お成りと呼ばれる、高位の貴族が外出するために宮殿や荘園を離れるのは、大きな出来事であったため、この特権的でほとんど使用されないスペースが設けられていました。","This exclusive and rarely used space takes its name from the word onari, an honorific term for the arrival or departure of high-ranking nobles. "]
[507,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","唐戸","からと"," folding doors (karato)","雲、牡丹、菊、鳥の彫刻で彩られたこれらの中国式の折り畳み式ドア（唐戸）は、法要の間につながっています。","Adorned with carvings of clouds, peonies, chrysanthemums and birds, these Chinese-style folding doors (karato) lead to the ceremony hall. "]
[508,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","欄間","らんま","transoms (ranma)","これらの部屋のドアの上にある欄間は、現在の和歌山県の根来の有名な職人、刑部左衛門国次（生没不明）によって彫られました。","The transoms (ranma) above the doors to these rooms were carved by Osakabe Saemon Kunitsugu (unkown-unkown)."]
[509,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","涅槃","ねはん","nirvana","禅美術では、龍や虎は涅槃を達成した仏教の修行者を表すためによく使われています。","In Zen art, dragons and tigers are often used to represent Buddhist practitioners who have attained nirvana. "]
[510,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","庫裡","くり","The living quarters of a Zen temple","日本語で庫裡と呼ばれる部屋は、禅寺の居間で、台所、僧侶の部屋、応接間と客人のための寝室を兼ねています。","The living quarters of a Zen temple, called kuri in Japanese, contain the kitchen, the priests’ rooms, and the reception and sleeping areas for guests. "]
[511,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本堂","ほんどう","main hall","この廊下は庫裡と本堂を結んでいます。","This corridor connects the kuri to the main hall. "]
[512,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","太鼓塀","たいこべい","drum wall (taikohei)","門の西側の壁はドラム壁（太鼓塀）となっています。","The wall on the west side of the gate is a drum wall (taikohei). "]
[513,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","植物","埋れ木","うもれぎ","“sunken trees” (umoregi)","「沈んだ木」（埋れ木）は、自然で豊かな色から珍重されます。","The wood of “sunken trees” (umoregi) is prized for its naturally rich color. "]
[514,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","瓦葺","かわらぶき","tile-roofed","この切妻本瓦葺の門の正確な建立日は不明です。","The precise construction date of this gabled, tile-roofed gate is unknown."]
[515,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","その他","蝦夷","えにし","Emishi, an aboriginal group that inhabited Tohoku at the time,","その歴史はもっと古くに遡る：当時、東北に住んでいた先住民族の蝦夷を倒すために、都から送られた将軍の坂上 田村麻呂（758-811）が、北の守護神として知られ、仏教の武神である毘沙門（サンスクリット語：Vaiśravaṇa）を拝むための礼拝所をここに建てたと言われています。","The site has even older associations: Sakanoue no Tamuramaro (758–811), a general sent by the Imperial Court to defeat the Emishi, an aboriginal group that inhabited Tohoku at the time, is said to have erected a place of worship here for Bishamon (Sanskrit: Vaiśravaṇa), a fierce Buddhist deity known as the guardian of the North"]
[516,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","雲版","うんぱん","unpan","禅寺では、雲版と呼ばれる雲のような形の青銅器のどらを鳴らし朝食と昼食を知らせます。","At Zen temples, breakfast and lunch are announced by the striking of cloud-shaped bronze gongs called unpan."]
[517,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","その他","創設者","そうせつしゃ","founder","この道の両側にある梅の木は、瑞巌寺の創設者の藩主伊達政宗（1567–1636）によって朝鮮半島から持ち込まれました。","The plum trees on either side of this path were brought from the Korean peninsula by the feudal lord Date Masamune (1567–1636), the founder of Zuiganji Temple. "]
[518,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","工芸・美術品","木製の像","もくせいのぞう","wooden statue","政宗のこの木製の像は、死後17年たった1652年につくられました。","This wooden statue of Masamune was created in 1652, seventeen years after his death."]
[519,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","工芸・美術品","脇差","わきざし","wakizashi","脇差は「脇に挿入している」ことを意味し、短いほうの刀のことを言います。","Wakizashi means “inserted at the side,” and was the shorter of the pair of swords."]
[520,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","その他","描く","えがく","inscribed","表面に描かれた文章は、松島の歴史と伊達政宗(1567–1636）による瑞巌寺建設の歴史を記録しています。","The text inscribed on the surface records the history of Matsushima and the founding of Zuiganji by Date Masamune (1567–1636). "]
[521,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","植物","杉","すぎ","cedar trees","杉の木が瑞巌寺の本堂へと続く道に並んでいます。","Cedar trees line the approach to Zuiganji Temple’s main buildings. "]
[522,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","墓碑","ぼひ","memorial markers","これらの洞窟は、仏教徒が亡くなった親族を供養するために墓碑を彫る人気の場所となりました。","These caves became a popular place for Buddhists to carve memorial markers for deceased relatives"]
[523,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","参道","さんどう","main approach","1682年に建てられたこの小さな下位の寺院は、もとは瑞巌寺に通じる主な参道の入口側に面していたが、18世紀になって女性参拝者に対応するためその向きが変えられました。","This small temple, built in 1682, originally faced the opposite direction, with its entrance on the main approach to Zuiganji, but it was rotated in the eighteenth century to accommodate women visitors. "]
[524,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","方丈","ほうじょう","hojo","1609年に完成した瑞巌寺本堂は方丈建築に従って建てられた。もともとは住居としての建物であったが、1600年代までには禅寺の本堂として使用されていました。","Completed in 1609, the main hall was built following the layout for a hojo, a type of building that was originally meant to be living quarters but by the 1600s was used as the main hall of a Zen temple. "]
[525,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法華経","ほっけきょう","Lotus Sutra","他の功績の中でも、彼は法華経を60,000巻唱え、浮上と瞬間移動の力を得たと言われています。","Among other feats, he is said to have recited sections of the Lotus Sutra 60,000 times and gained the powers of levitation and teleportation. "]
[526,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","植物","せっこく","せっこく","Matsushima Sekkoku (Dendrobium moniliforme)","せっこくは、北東アジア、ヒマラヤおよび北インドシナに固有の野生のラン（dendrobium moniliforme）の一種です。","Sekkoku are a species of wild orchid (dendrobium moniliforme) native to Northeast Asia, the Himalayas and northern Indochina."]
[527,"宮城県","宗教法人瑞巌寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","霊廟","れいびょう","mausoleum","彼女の孫綱宗（1640–1711）は、愛姫の死から7年後の1660年に、この豪華な霊屋を建てました。","Megohime’s grandson Tsunamune (1640–1711) built this ornate mausoleum in 1660, seven years after her death. "]
[528,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","なまはげ","なまはげ","Namahage","なまはげは、男鹿の山の神々の化身と考えられています。","The Namahage are considered incarnations of the mountain deities of Oga."]
[529,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","年中行事","小正月","こしょうがつ","Koshogatsu","なまはげは歴史的には、新年最初の満月を祝う祭りの小正月（「小さな正月」）の夜に出現していました。","The Namahage historically appeared on the evening of Koshogatsu (the “little New Year”), a festival that celebrates the first full moon of the new year. "]
[530,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","食","あきたこまち","あきたこまち","Akita Komachi ","家長は、同居している高齢の母がその酒を地元のあきたこまち米を使ってなまはげのために特別に作った旨を伝えます。","The head of the household talks about how his elderly mother, who lives with the family, made this sake especially for the Namahage using local Akita Komachi rice."]
[531,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","食","餅","もち","mochi","家捜しをやめてくれるようお願いしながら、ナマハゲに丸いお餅を差し出します。","Imploring the Namahage to abandon their search, he offers them a round cake of mochi (pounded rice)."]
[532,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","その他","ナモミ","なもみ","namomi","なまはげの語源となったナモミという言葉は、男鹿地方の方言で、手や足に発生する低温火傷痕である「温熱性紅斑」を意味します。","The roots of the word namahage are in namomi, a term in the Oga dialect that means “heat blisters”; spots or rashes on hands and feet caused by overexposure to heat."]
[533,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","ナモミハギ","なもみはぎ","namomihagi","一方で、ナモミハギという言葉は、怠け癖がバレてしまうこの火傷痕を取り除く（より文字通り表現するなら「剥ぎ取る」）ことを意味する言葉でした。","Namomihagi, meanwhile, was the word for the act of removing (more literally, “peeling off”) such signs of idleness."]
[534,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鬼","おに","oni","同皇帝のしもべとして働くよう派遣された鬼たち（オーガのような生き物で、聖なる存在と見なされている）は、毎日疲れ知らずに働きましたが、1年のうち1日だけは村に入ることを許されました。","Dispatched to work as the monarch’s retainers, these oni (ogre-like beings regarded as having divine qualities) labored tirelessly every day of the year except one, when they were allowed to enter the villages. "]
[535,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","赤神","あかがみ","akagami","また赤は男鹿の赤神神社などの地名にも見られます。赤神とは「赤い神」を意味します。","It also appears in the names of places such as Oga’s Akagami Shrine, where akagami means “red gods.”"]
[536,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山伏","やまぶし","ascetic monks","男鹿半島を代表する2つの山である本山と真山には、かつては山を神聖なものとして信仰していた山伏が多く集まっていました。","The two main peaks of the Oga Peninsula, Mt. Honzan and Mt. Shinzan, were once popular destinations for ascetic monks who worshiped the mountains as deities. "]
[537,"秋田県","男鹿版ＤＭＯインバウンド推進委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","なまはげ太鼓","なまはげだいこ","Namahage-Daiko","なまはげ太鼓は、男鹿に特有の舞台芸術で、太鼓の演奏と同地域のなまはげの独特な動き及び外見を組み合わせたものです。","Namahage-Daiko is a performance art unique to Oga. It combines taiko drumming with the distinctive movement and appearance of the Namahage of the region. "]
[538,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","高原・湿原・原野","林道","りんどう","logging road","小岳（1,042 m）の頂上へ続く登山コースは、旧林道である。","The trail to the summit of Mt. Kodake (1,042 m) is an old logging road."]
[539,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","動物","クマ棚","くまだな","bear shelf","運が良ければ、熊がブナの実を食べるときに座るために枝を集めて作った棚状の「クマ棚」が見られるかもしれない。","Lucky observers might also spot a kumadana, or “bear shelf,” a temporary platform of branches made by the bears to sit on while they eat the beechnuts."]
[540,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","高原・湿原・原野","原生林","げんせいりん","primeval beech forest","日本の多くの地域とは異なり、人工のものが一切なく、道路すらもないため、ブナの原生林や周囲の山々の景色を遮るものがない。この地域のいくつかの大きな山が見える。","Unlike most of Japan, nothing created by humans—not even a road—interrupts the view of the primeval beech forest and the surrounding peaks. "]
[541,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","動物","ツキノワグマ","つきのわぐま","Asian black bears","登山コースに沿って生長する植物を食べようとして、動物が山から出てくることが多いため、登山者はニホンザルや野生のイノシシ、ツキノワグマに注意する必要がある。","As animals often come out of the mountains to feed on plants that grow along the trail, hikers should be on the alert for Japanese macaques, wild boar, and Asian black bears."]
[542,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","山岳","登山口","とざんぐち","trailhead","登山口から約1,000メートルのところに来ると、登山コースはブナダイラ、つまり「ブナの平地」として知られるエリアに続いている。","About 1,000 meters from the trailhead, the trail goes through Bunadaira, a relatively flat area filled with old beeches."]
[543,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","植物","老齢樹","ろうれいじゅ","old-growth trees","白神山地の大部分はブナの老齢樹に覆われており、核心地域は8,000年以上にわたって人間の手が加えられていない。","Much of Shirakami Sanchi is covered by old-growth beech trees, and the core zone has been largely untouched by humans for over 8,000 years."]
[544,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","植物","森林再生","しんりんさいせい","reforestation","戦後の大規模な森林再生プロジェクトにより、地域の森の多くが杉の木に植え替えられたが、白神山地の核心地域の多くは、その人里離れた立地から、プロジェクトの対象とならずに済んだ。","But due to the remote location, much of the core zone was spared from the huge postwar reforestation projects that replaced many local forests with Japanese cedar."]
[545,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","高原・湿原・原野","木道","もくどう","boardwalk","湿原には木道が設置されており、歩行者から脆弱な生態系を保護し、ビジターの靴についた外来種の種子が湿原に持ち込まれるのを防いでいる。","Boardwalks are installed across the wetland to protect the fragile ecosystem from foot traffic and to limit the introduction of non-native seeds tracked in on visitors’ shoes."]
[546,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","植物","針葉樹","しんようじゅ","conifer","斜面には、針葉樹林に混じって落葉低木が生えており、それらは主にサワラヒノキやスギである。","The slopes nourish deciduous shrubs mingled with stands of conifers, mostly Sawara cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera) and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). "]
[547,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","その他","環境活動家","かんきょうかつどうか","environmental activists","登山口への道はかつては林道であり、森を抜けて青森県に至る予定だったが、1990年に環境活動家により工事が中止された。","The road to the trailhead was once a logging road and was planned to cut through forest into Aomori Prefecture, but construction was stopped by environmental activists in 1990."]
[548,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","その他","植生","しょくせい","vegetation","山頂付近の植生には、ダケカンバ、チシマザサ、ミズナラの高山型であるミヤマナラなどがある。","Vegetation around the summit includes Erman’s birch (Betula ermanii), Chishima bamboo grass (Sasa kurilensis), and miyamanara (Quercus crispula var. horikawae), an alpine variety of oak tree."]
[549,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","動物","純血種","じゅんけつしゅ","purebred","藤里のホゲット肉は、白神山地のふもとの町にある80ヘクタールの土地で放牧されている純血種のサフォーク種の羊の肉である。","Fujisato’s hogget comes from purebred Suffolk sheep that graze on 80 hectares of town land at the foot of the Shirakami Sanchi mountains. "]
[550,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","自然現象","氷筍","ひょうじゅん","stalagmite of ice","銚子の滝は、ドーム状の巨大な氷筍を造り上げるが、それは滝つぼからから2メートルにまで達することがある。","Chōshi Falls develops a large, dome-like stalagmite of ice that can rise up to 2 meters above the base of the falls."]
[551,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","その他","硫酸塩","りゅうさんえん","sulfate","湯には塩化ナトリウムと硫酸塩が含まれている。","The water contains sodium chloride and sulfate."]
[552,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","動物","獅子","しし","legendary guardian lions","これは、獅子と呼ばれる様式化されたライオンの格好をした3名の踊り手によって演じられる。","Shishi are legendary guardian lions, and shishi dances are regular features of religious festivals in Japan. "]
[553,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","河川・渓谷","渓谷","けいこく","gorge","山を下って流れ落ちる際、川は河床を浸食し、大きな岩石のあちこちが湾曲している険しい渓谷を形成した。","In its descent from the mountains, the river has eroded the land into a steep gorge with many twists and turns around large rock formations."]
[554,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","その他","地下水面","ちかすいめん","water table","ブナは白神山地の環境にとって特に重要であり、ブナによって雨水が地下水面に運ばれる。","Beeches are particularly important to the environment of Shirakami Sanchi, they transport rainwater into the water table. "]
[555,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","滝浴び","たきあび","waterfall rinsing","そしてこの滝浴びはとても活気があったため、祭りにずっと取り入れられることとなった。","This takiabi, or “waterfall rinsing,” was so invigorating that it became a permanent addition to the festival."]
[556,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","植物","多年生","たねんせい","perennial","英語でよく「watershield」と呼ばれるじゅんさいは、食用の新芽を持つ多年生の水生植物で、日本料理では珍味とされている。","Junsai, often called “watershield” in English, is a perennial aquatic plant with edible buds that are considered a delicacy in Japanese cuisine."]
[557,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","建造物等","ベニヤ板\nべニア板","べにやいた\nべにあいた","veneer","1階の他の部屋には、建物が完成するわずか数年前に能代で考案された、当時の最先端の技術である張柾合板（ラワン板に貼る杉のベニヤ板）が展示されている。","Other rooms on the first floor display harimasa plywood (a veneer of cedar applied to lauan boards), a cutting-edge technique invented in Noshiro only a few years before the building was finished."]
[558,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","自然現象","豪雨","ごうう","heavy rains","それらは幅が狭く、豪雨が続いた後に通ると危険な場合がある。","They are narrow and may be dangerous following heavy rains. "]
[559,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","人物・人名・役職名","供奉員","ぐぶいん","retinue","新しく造られた道路を旅している間、天皇は供奉員とともに立ち止まり、川の向こう側にある七座山を眺めた。","While traveling on the newly made road, the emperor stopped with his retinue to observe Mt. Nanakura on the other side of the river."]
[560,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","その他","肥料","ひりょう","fertilizer","森林で採られた木材は燃料として使用することができ、落ち葉は優れた肥料になった。","Wood from the forest could be used as fuel, and fallen leaves made excellent fertilizer. "]
[561,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","集落・街","集落","しゅうらく","hamlet","八森は、日本海と白神山地の山々に挟まれた小さな集落である。","Hachimori is a small hamlet sandwiched between the Sea of Japan and the mountains of Shirakami Sanchi."]
[562,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","人物・人名・役職名","お殿","おとの","second lord","地元の言い伝えによると、津軽藩のお殿または二代目藩主であった津軽信牧（1586～1631年）が、大間越街道（現在の国道101号線）を通って江戸に旅立ったとき、休憩のために野原で家臣を止めさせた。","According to local legend, when the second lord, or otono, of the Tsugaru clan, Tsugaru Nobuhira (1586–1631) was traveling to Edo on the Ōmagoshikaidō road (now Route 101), he stopped his retinue in an open field to rest. "]
[563,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","乗物","駕籠","かご","palanquin or litter","当時、藩主は駕籠、つまり担い籠で移動していたが、籠を担ぐ者のためだけでなく、大名も体を伸ばすために頻繁に立ち止まる必要があったのである。","In those days the lord of a domain would travel by palanquin or litter, which required frequent stops not only for the carriers but so that the lord could stretch, a practice known as nodachi. "]
[564,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","乗物","輿","かご","palanquin or litter","当時、藩主は輿、つまり担い籠で移動していたが、籠を担ぐ者のためだけでなく、大名も体を伸ばすために頻繁に立ち止まる必要があったのである。","In those days the lord of a domain would travel by palanquin or litter, which required frequent stops not only for the carriers but so that the lord could stretch, a practice known as nodachi. "]
[565,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","乗物","木彫りカヌー","きぼりかぬう","dugout canoe","木彫りカヌーは有史以前の時代から日本で造られてきたが、1950年代に北米スタイルのカヌーとカヤックが人気を博した。","Dugout canoes have been built in Japan since prehistoric times, but North American style canoes and kayaks became popular in the 1950s."]
[566,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","史跡","武家屋敷","ぶけやしき","bukeyashiki","角館には、江戸時代（1603-1867）に建てられた「武家屋敷」と呼ばれる威厳あふれる武士の邸宅が数多くあります。","Kakunodate is home to a number of stately samurai residences called bukeyashiki, that date back to the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[567,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","植物","シダレザクラ","しだれざくら","shidare zakura\n","角館の旧武家町のシダレザクラは、国の天然記念物に指定されています。","The weeping cherry trees (shidare zakura) in Kakunodate’s former samurai district are designated a National Natural Monument. "]
[568,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","佐竹北家","さたけほっけ","North Satake clan","石黒家は、1650年代から江戸時代（1603-1867）の終わりに幕藩体制が廃止されるまで角館を治めた佐竹北家の家臣でした。","The Ishiguro family were stewards of the North Satake clan, the rulers of Kakunodate from the 1650s until the end of the Edo period (1603–1867) when the feudal domain system was abolished. "]
[569,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","蘆名氏","あしなし","Ashina family","青柳家は、1603年から1653年に家系が断絶するまで角館を治めた蘆名氏の譜代でした。","The Aoyagi family were hereditary retainers of the Ashina family, which ruled Kakunodate from 1603 until its family line died out in 1653. "]
[570,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","工芸・美術品","イタヤ細工","いたやざいく","itaya wickerwork","松本家の武家屋敷は一般公開されており、春から秋にかけてイタヤ細工 (itaya wickerwork)の実演が行われます。イタヤ細工は、イタヤカエデの細い帯でさまざまな品を編み上げる200年の歴史を持つ工芸です。","The Matsumoto house is open to the public, and from spring to fall hosts demonstrations of itaya wickerwork, the 200-year-old craft of weaving various objects using thin strips of maple wood.","※できるだけ、「bamboowork」や「wickerwick」などの「-work」 接尾辞を使う。"]
[571,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","社会","石","こく","koku","岩橋家は毎年75石の俸禄を受け取りました。1石は大人１人が1年間に消費する米、およそ140キログラムに相当します。","They received a yearly stipend of 75 koku—one koku was equivalent to the amount of rice a man consumed in a year, roughly 140 kilograms."]
[572,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","建造物等","書院造り","しょいんづく","shoin-zukuri ","河原田家は明治時代（1868-1912）に現在の場所に移り住みましたが、屋敷は江戸時代（1603-1867）の初期に一般的だった様式で建てられました。この古い様式を示す特徴として、書院造りという江戸時代の住宅建築様式でつくられた謹厳な座敷が挙げられます。","The Kawarada family moved to their current location during the Meiji era (1868–1912), but the house was constructed in a style common in the early Edo period (1603–1867). Among the features that showcase this older style are the formal tatami rooms, which are built in the Edo shoin-zukuri style of residential architecture. "]
[573,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","書物","解体新書","かいたいしんしょ","Kaitai shinsho","小田野家は、今宮家を介して角館の領主であった佐竹北家に仕えました。この屋敷は小田野直武（1749-1780）の子孫が所有していました。小野田直武は、日本で最初に日本語に訳された西洋医学の教科書「解体新書」の図版を描きました。解体新書は、もともとはAnatomische Tabellenというドイツの解剖学の本がオランダ語に訳されたものでした。 ","The Odano family served the North Satake clan, Kakunodate’s rulers, through their relationship with the Imamiya family. This house belonged to descendants of Odano Naotake (1749–1780), who was the illustrator of the first Japanese translation of a Western medical textbook, Kaitai shinsho, originally a Dutch translation of the German anatomy book Anatomische Tabellen. "]
[574,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","年中行事","角館祭り","かくのだてまつり","Kakunodate Festival","毎年9月7日から9日にかけて行われる角館祭りは、角館の歴史的な通りに色彩と活気の旋風をもたらします。1799年の佐竹北家の史料に最初の記載があるこの祭りは、繁栄、豊穣、息災を祈願するものです。 ","From September 7 to 9, the annual Kakunodate Festival brings a whirlwind of color and energy to the historic streets of Kakunodate. First mentioned in the North Satake clan’s historical documents in 1799, the festival is a call for prosperity, good harvest, and health. "]
[575,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","湖沼","田沢湖","たざわこ","Lake Tazawa","水深423.4メートルの田沢湖は、日本で最も深い湖です。","At 423.4 meters deep, Lake Tazawa is Japan’s deepest lake. "]
[576,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","建造物等","たつこ像","たつこぞう","The Statue of Tatsuko","たつこ像　","The Statue of Tatsuko","※タイトルなら「The」をつけるとインパクトがある。珍しい像や独特のな表記がある像でいい。よく見られる仏像などに合わない。"]
[577,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","その他","飲水思源","いんすいしげん","Insuishigen","飲水思源像: 日本と台湾の友好のシンボル "," Insuishigen: A Symbol of Friendship Between Japan and Taiwan","※像のに記念碑に見えるから、「Mounument」か「Symbol」のほうが合う。"]
[578,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","岩石・洞窟","御座石","ござのいし","Goza-no-ishi","御座石は、イグサで編まれた敷物（ござ）を思わせる大きく平らな石です。","Goza-no-ishi is a large, flat rock (ishi) reminiscent of a goza, a mat woven of rushes. "]
[579,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","植物","七色木","なないろぎ","Nanairo-gi/“Seven-Colored Tree”","付近には、七種類（マツ、スギ、サクラ、エンジュ、ハンノキ、ナシ、エゴノキ）が一つの幹に生えている七色木（Seven-Colored Tree）があります。","Nearby stands Nanairo-gi, the “Seven-Colored Tree,” with seven different species of trees (pine, cedar, cherry, pagoda, Japanese alder, pear, and snowbell) all growing from a single trunk."]
[580,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","海岸・岬","鳴き砂","なきすな","nakisuna","何年もの間、白浜は砂の上を歩くと高い音がする「鳴き砂」で有名でした。すべての人に砂の歌が聞こえるわけではありませんが、訪れる人は皆美しい浜辺を楽しむことができます。","For many years, the beach was famous for its nakisuna, or “singing sand,” which would make a high-pitched sound when walked upon. "]
[581,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","たつこ姫乃神","たつこひめのかみ","Tatsuko-hime-no-kami","恐ろしいことに、たつこは自分の姿が龍に変わっていることに気づき、田沢湖に身を投げました。たつこは、たつこ姫乃神という田沢湖の龍神になり、今でも湖を守っています。","Then to her horror, Tatsuko realized that she had transformed into a dragon and threw herself into Lake Tazawa. She had become—and remains still—the dragon guardian of the lake: Tatsuko-hime-no-kami."]
[582,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","工芸・美術品","樺細工","かばざいく","kaba-zaiku/cherry bark work","角館樺細工伝承館は、この地域の主要な伝統工芸である樺細工を振興するため1978年に開館しました。","The Kakunodate Kaba-Zaiku Densho-Kan (Kakunodate Cherry Bark Work Museum) opened in 1978 to promote the area’s principal traditional artisanal craft, kaba-zaiku, or cherry bark work. "]
[583,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","工芸・美術品","工芸","こうげい","kogei","1976年、樺細工は秋田県で初の国の伝統的工芸品に指定されました。","In 1976, it was designated as a traditional protected kogei craft, a first for Akita.","※英語辞書にないけど、知るべし日本語だから、できるだけ外来語として使うほうがいい。"]
[584,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","岩石・洞窟","北投石","ほくとうせき","Hokutolite/hokutoseki","日本語で北投石と呼ばれるホクトライト（Hokutolite）は、鉛とラジウムを含み、硫酸バリウムと硫酸鉛から構成される、軽度の放射性を伴う鉱物です。","Hokutolite, called hokutoseki in Japanese, is a mildly radioactive mineral composed of barium and lead sulfate with lead and radium. "]
[585,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","温泉","玉川温泉","たまがわおんせん","Tamagawa Onsen","日本で最も湧出量の多い玉川温泉の源泉からは、毎分約8,400リットルの湯が噴出します。","Every minute approximately 8,400 liters of water gush out of Tamagawa Onsen’s hot springs, the highest output of any hot spring in Japan. ","※地方に行ったら「Tamagawa Hot Springs」などの看板やパンフはないから、ただしい日本語の表記をついながら「hot springs」が入っている文章のほうが説明力がある。"]
[586,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","建造物等","神の岩橋","かみのいわはし","Kami-no-iwahashi/“Rock Bridge of the Gods”","1926年に建築された神の岩橋（Rock Bridge of the Gods）は、秋田県で最も古い吊り橋です。","Kami-no-iwahashi, or the “Rock Bridge of the Gods,” was completed in 1926, making it the oldest suspension bridge in Akita Prefecture. "]
[587,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","滝","回顧の滝","みかえりのたき","Mikaeri-no-taki Waterfall/“to turn around for another look” waterfall ","この地域の有名な景勝地のひとつ、回顧の滝は、抱返り渓谷の崖面を階段状に流れ落ちる落差30メートルの滝です。","Mikaeri-no-taki Waterfall, one of the area’s most famous scenic spots, is a 30-meter cascade over a cliffside of the Dakigaeri Valley. "]
[588,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","河川・渓谷","抱返り渓谷","だきがえりけいこく","Dakigaeri Valley/\"embrace and turn around\" valley","抱返り渓谷の魅力 ","The Allure of the Dakigaeri Valley"]
[589,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","山岳","秋田駒ケ岳","あきたこまがたけ","Mt. Akita-Komagatake","秋田駒ケ岳は、秋田県南部にある奥羽山脈の一部の山々の総称で、一番高い1,637メートルの男女岳（おなめだけ）、男岳（おだけ）、女岳（めだけ）からなります。","Mt. Akita-Komagatake is the collective name for several peaks in the Ou mountain range found in southern Akita Prefecture, and includes Mt. Onamedake—the highest peak at 1,637 meters—Mt. Odake and Mt. Medake. "]
[590,"秋田県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）仙北市多言語解説検討協議会","動物","鮎","あゆ","sweetfish (ayu)","桧木内川の清く澄んだ水は、鮎釣りをする釣り人を引き寄せます。","In addition to the attraction of the cherry trees, the clean, clear waters of the Hinokinaigawa River draw fishing enthusiasts angling for sweetfish (ayu). "]
[591,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","自然現象","スノーモンスター","スノーモンスター","Snow Monsters (or Ice Monsters)","「スノーモンスター」は日本語では樹氷と呼ばれています。","The Snow Monsters (or Ice Monsters) are called juhyo in Japanese. "]
[592,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","レジャー・アクティビティ","バックカントリースキー","バックカントリースキー"," backcountry skiing","バックカントリースキーの経験が豊富であっても、蔵王はバックカントリースキーエリアではありません。","Regardless of your backcountry skiing experience, Zao is not a backcountry ski area. "]
[593,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","コース","コース","course","ザンゲ坂コースとしても知られる樹氷原コースは最も長いコースです。 ","Also known as the Zange Zaka Course, the Juhyogen Course is the longest course on the mountain. "]
[594,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","北側","きたがわ","north side","山の北側の中心的な場所（スキーヤーの視点から見て右側）の大平コースは幅広く（約30メートル）、グレードも多少変化しているため、このコースは最も人気のあるコースの1つになっています。","A central hub for the north side of the mountain, (the right side, from the skier’s perspective) the Ohira Course is wide, (roughly thirty meters) and has some nice variation in grade, making it one of the more popular courses on the mountain."]
[595,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","キックターン","キックターン","hairpin turns","高取コースは上の台ゲレンデに到達すると、斜度23°の赤コースに移行するが、スロープは十分に広く、初心者でも長い斜滑降そしてキックターンを繰り返せば、スピードをコントロールできます。","Please be aware the Takatori Course does transition into a red course with a steep 23° pitch when it reaches the Uwanodai Slope area, but the slope is wide enough that beginners should be able to easily control their speed with long hairpin turns."]
[596,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","困難な地形","こんなんなちけい","challenging terrain","A / Bコースの最上部は、蔵王の最も困難な地形を含む38°の壁です。 ","A variety of competitions are held here throughout the year. The top of the A/B Course is a 38° wall which contains some of the most challenging terrain at Zao. "]
[597,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","ゆったりとした","ゆったりとした","gentle","ユートピア・ゲレンデの始まりにあるゆったりとした穏やかなコースで、山を横切って菖蒲沼ゲレンデへと向かいます。","It is a long, gentle course found at the beginning of the Utopia Slope that takes you across the mountain to the Shobunuma Slope. "]
[598,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","緩勾配","かんこうばい","light grade","その緩勾配のコースと温泉の町へいちばん近い理由で、練習と子供向けとして人気があります。 ","Its light grade and proximity to the onsen town make it a popular place for lessons and children. "]
[599,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","建造物等","ジャンプ台","じゃんぷだい","ski jump","クラレ蔵王シャンツェジャンプ台の隣に位置し、4つ以上の異なる斜面で山裾に下ります","Located next to the Kuraray Zao Schanze ski jump and with more than four different slopes to take down to the bottom, this is a great spot for families and beginners. "]
[600,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","急勾配","きゅうこうばい","sharp incline","左側コースは急勾配を持っていてポール練習によく使われ、右側のコースは優しく初心者むきになっています。","The left trail has a sharp incline and is often used for pole practice, while the right trail is softer and better for beginners. "]
[601,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","レジャー・アクティビティ","ゲレンデ","ゲレンデ","slope ","中央ゲレンデは山で最も人気のあるゲレンデの一つです。 ","The Chuo Slope is one of the most popular slopes on the mountain. "]
[602,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","自然現象","霧氷","むひょう","the ice on the trees","晴れた日には太陽が木々の霧氷を照らし、クリスタルのように輝かせます。","On sunny days the sun shines through the ice on the trees, making them sparkle like crystal. "]
[603,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","迂回","うかい","roundabout ","しかし初心者向けによりなだらかな迂回ルートが壁の終点と同じ場所にあります。","There is a more roundabout route with a gentler slope for beginners that ends at the same location as the wall. "]
[604,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","山岳","山全体","やまぜんたい","whole mountain","菖蒲沼ゲレンデは山全体で最もなだらかなゲレンデの一つで、斜度はわずか10°なので、スキーやスノーボードの初心者が試すには最適の場所です。","Shobunuma is one of gentlest slopes on the whole mountain and has a general grade of only 10°, which makes it a good place to give lessons to anyone trying skiing or snowboarding for the first time. "]
[605,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","パノラマ・ビュー","パノラマ・ビュー","panoramic view","コタン・ゲレンデはパラダイス・ゲレンデのすぐ北（スキーヤーから見て右側）にあり、遠くの山々の美しいパノラマ・ビューが楽しめます。 ","The Kotan Slope is just north of the Paradise Slope (to the right, from the skier’s perspective) and has a beautiful panoramic view of the distant mountains"]
[606,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","滑降する","かっこうする"," ski down","トリプル・リフトで3つ目の駅まで上がった後は、ゲレンデを滑降して、カモシカ大橋を渡って、上の台ゲレンデとサンライズ・ゲレンデに行けます。","After taking the Triple Lift up to the third station, you can ski down Nakamori and across the Kamoshika Obashi Bridge to get to the Uwanodai and Sunrise Slopes. "]
[607,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","傾斜","けいしゃ","incline","斜面の最上部に位置する横倉壁は、最初の急勾配は38°の傾斜があり、続いて300メートル続く30°の傾斜があります。","The Yokokura Wall, located at the very top of the slope, is known for its initially steep 38° incline, which is followed by 300 meters at a 30° incline. "]
[608,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","利用","りよう"," take advantage","スキーのインストラクターたちはここのスペースを利用し、教習クラスを実施しています。","Some instructors will also bring classes here to take advantage of the open space. "]
[609,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","名前が示すように","なまえがしめすように","As the name suggests","名前が示すように、ユートピア・ゲレンデは緑、または初心者エリアです。 ","As the name suggests, the Utopia Slope is a green, or beginner area. "]
[610,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","傾斜度","けいしゃど"," pitch","大森の壁はコースの終了地点にあり、専門家には最適。勾配はきつく最大傾斜度は30°でモーグルコースもあります。","It is very steep, with a maximum pitch of 30°, and contains moguls. "]
[611,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","最南端","さいなんたん"," southernmost","黒姫ゲレンデは山の最南端のゲレンデです。","Kurohime is the southernmost slope on the mountain."]
[612,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","乱暴な行為","らんぼうなこうい","roughhousing","浴場内での喫煙や乱暴な行為も禁止されています。","Smoking or roughhousing within the baths is also prohibited. "]
[613,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","話ではそうであるが","はなしではそうであるが","So goes the story","話ではそうであるが、水に生命を救う特質があるかどうかにかかわらず、上湯共同浴場はそのお話の温泉であることに疑いの余地はなく、蔵王の源泉です。","So goes the story, but whether the life-saving properties of the water are true or not, there is no doubt that Kamiyu public bath is the spring it describes, the source of the hot spring water in Zao."]
[614,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","食","万能薬","ばんのうやく","panacea","万能薬であると、その水を信じて、人々は彼らの病気を治癒するために蔵王を訪れました。","Believing its water to be a panacea, people came to Zao to be healed of their ailments. "]
[615,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","河川・渓谷","窪地","くぼち","depression","通常、温泉はどこか他の場所で湧き出た温水を配管で引いて満たすのですが、この浴場は山の上の方から温水が流れ落ちて、自然に集まる基盤の窪地の上に建てられています。","Although normally onsen are filled with spring water that is piped in from elsewhere, this bath is built on top of a depression in the bedrock where the water from higher up the mountain flows down and gathers naturally. "]
[616,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","その他","熊鈴","くますず","bear bell","あなたのパックにくくり付け、歩くときに音を立てる熊鈴は、良いお土産になります。","A bear bell, which can be strapped to your pack and will make noise as you walk, makes a good souvenir. "]
[617,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","菩薩","ぼさつ","bodhisattva","「地蔵尊」は、子供の保護者として日本で尊敬されている菩薩クシティガルバの日本名です。","“Jizo Son” is the Japanese name of the bodhisattva Khitigarbha, who is revered in Japan as a protector of children. "]
[618,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","人物・人名・役職名","大名","だいみょう","daimyo","童の里美術館に展示されているたくさんの美しい展示物は、江戸時代（1603年‐1868年）の地方大名の生活と富を鮮明に映し出しています。","The many beautiful objects on display at Warabe no Sato museum give a clear image of the lives of the wealthy during the Edo period, and many of the pieces stored here once belonged to the local daimyo. "]
[619,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","工芸・美術品","根付","ねつけ","netsuke, miniature ivory carvings","2階には、着物の帯の小袋に取り付けるために使用された120以上の象牙の彫刻された根付が展示されています。","On the second floor, there are over one hundred and twenty netsuke, miniature ivory carvings used to attach a pouch to the belt of a kimono. "]
[620,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","工芸・美術品","ふすま","ふすま","sliding doors (fusuma)","100年以上の時が経っているが、窓には当時のオリジナルのガラスが嵌められています。 部屋は絵が描かれたふすまで仕切られており、床は地位のレベルによって異なる高さに仕上げられています。","The rooms are divided by painted sliding doors (fusuma) and the floors are raised to different levels for different levels of dignitary. "]
[621,"山形県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（蔵王）","工芸・美術品","こけし","こけし","Kokeshi dolls","こけしは、北日本の土産物として有名です。","Kokeshi dolls are a common souvenir from northern Japan. "]
[622,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","硫酸塩","りゅうさんえん","sulfates","いくつかの沼は、磐梯山の火山活動によって水中の硫酸塩の濃度が高くなっているため、強い酸性となっています。 ","Some of the ponds are very acidic, due to high levels of sulfates in the water, which is the result of the mountain’s volcanic activity. "]
[623,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","毘沙門","びしゃもん","Bishamon","沼の名前は、仏教の神様の四天王の1人であり、室町時代（1136年–1573年）から崇拝されてきた日本の七福神の中の1人、「毘沙門」に由来します。","The pond's name comes from Bishamon, one of the four guardian deities in the Buddhist pantheon, and also one of Japan’s Seven Lucky Gods, which have been worshipped since the Muromachi period (1136–1573). "]
[624,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","自然現象","サビ","さび","iron-rust","この赤い色は、池に生息しているヨシや他の水生植物の根に蓄積している赤サビの残りから生じています。 ","The red comes from iron-rust residue that accumulates on the roots of the reeds and other aquatic plants growing in the pond. "]
[625,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","まだら","まだら","dappled","深泥沼には複数の地下水源から流れ込むために沼の水色が変化し、まだらのような色になっているのです。","The pond is fed by multiple underground springs, varying the colors within the pond and creating a dappled effect. "]
[626,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","弁天","べんてん","Benten","弁天は、室町時代（1136年–1573年）から崇拝されてきた日本の七福神の中の1人でもあります。","The pond is named after Benten, the Buddhist goddess of water and the arts, one of Japan’s Seven Lucky Gods worshipped since the Muromachi period (1136–1573)."]
[627,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","硫酸イオン","りゅうさんいおん","sulphate ions","専門家はこの不思議な色は、水中のカルシウムイオンおよび硫酸イオンの濃度が高いことに起因すると考えています。","Experts believe this unusual color may come from the high levels of calcium and sulphate ions in the water. "]
[628,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","色のグラデーション","いろのぐらでーしょん","Color gradients","沼の色のグラデーションは、水質、植生、光の質の違いに応じて、青緑または黄緑から、鋼青色の間で変化します。","Color gradients range from blue-green or yellow-green to electric blues depending on variations in water quality, plant life, and the quality of the light."]
[629,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","山岳","成層火山","せいそうかざん","stratovolcano","磐梯山は、２度の大噴火によって山容が大きく変わった、溶岩層と火山灰層でできた標高1,816メートルの成層火山です。","Mt. Bandai is a 1,816-meter stratovolcano, a volcano built up of layers of lava and ash, that has been dramatically reshaped by two large eruptions."]
[630,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","山岳","噴気孔","ふんきあな","Fumaroles","磐梯山の山腹にある噴気孔という無数の裂け目から、ガスが立ち上る光景が銅沼から見ることができます。","Fumaroles, openings in the side of Mt. Bandai visible from the pond, emit gases."]
[631,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","岩石・洞窟","火山性堆積物","かざんせいたいせきぶつ","volcanic debris","湖に点在する小島は噴火による火山性堆積物でできています。","Small islets dotting the lake are comprised of volcanic debris from the eruption."]
[632,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","低地や堆積物","ていちやたいせきぶつ","depressions and deposits","水は低地や堆積物の方へ流れ込み、中瀬沼を含むおよそ300の湖沼が形成されました。","Water flooded into the depressions and deposits, creating around 300 lakes and ponds, including Nakase Swamp. "]
[633,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","仏教の神、不動明王","ぶっきょうのかみ、\nふどうみょうおう","Buddhist deity Fudo Myo-o","修験者は、身を切るほど冷たい滝水に打たれながら仏教の神、不動明王に礼拝して祈りを捧げます。","Practitioners came here to worship Buddhist deity Fudo Myo-o, and to pray under the icy cold waters of the falls. "]
[634,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","露出した川床","ろしゅつしたかわどこ","exposed riverbed","川床には、数百万年前に地下で形成された火山岩層が露出しています。","The exposed riverbed is a layer of volcanic rock, which was formed underground, millions of years ago. "]
[635,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","工芸・美術品","柄杓","ひしゃく","scoop","ハイカーはこの小さな池の傍らに置かれた柄杓を使って自分のボトルに湧水を補充できます。","Hikers can refill their bottles using a scoop placed next to the pool."]
[636,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","追称","ついしょう","posthumous","仏僧の空海（追称は弘法大師：774〜835年）がこの猫を捕らえ、山の中腹にある巨岩群の中に封じ込めたと言われています。","Buddhist monk Kukai (posthumous name Kobo Daishi; 774–835), is said to have trapped the cat within a massive pile of boulders on a lower peak of the mountain."]
[637,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","不毛の地","ふもうのち","barren","周辺の土地は荒れ果てた不毛の地になりました。","The surrounding land was left barren."]
[638,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","自然現象","豊かな生態系","ゆたかなせいたいけい","flourishing ecosystem","こうした努力が現在の豊かな生態系を育んだのです。","These efforts contributed to the now flourishing ecosystem."]
[639,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","先駆種","せんくしゅ","pioneer species","数十年にわたる植生遷移のプロセスは先駆種の発生から始まります。それらが土壌に栄養分を与え、他の植物の生長を助け、周辺生息地からの動物の移住を促します。","This multi-decade process begins with the emergence of “pioneer species” that nourish the soil and encourage the growth of other plants, and the migration of animal species from surrounding habitats. "]
[640,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","植物","回復力の強い木","かいふくりょくのつよいき","resilient trees","先駆種の次は、成長が速く、太陽光を好む低木や高木、そして最後にブナなどの回復力の強い木へと植生が変化していきます。","Next to emerge are fast-growing, light-loving shrubs and trees, and finally, more resilient trees, such as beech."]
[641,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","固有亜種","こゆうあしゅ","native subspecies","ツキノワグマの固有亜種や、マカクサル、ニホンカモシカ、リスの在来種などをはじめ、およそ40種の哺乳類がこの地域に生息しています。","Approximately 40 mammal species inhabit the area, including the native subspecies of the Asiatic black bear and the stoat, as well as native species of macaque monkey, serow, and squirrels."]
[642,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","自然現象","水生生物の多様性","すいせいせいぶつのたようせい","aquatic biodiversity","1888年の噴火で裏磐梯に形成された300の湖や池の多くに、ワカサギ、ウグイ、ヒメハヤ属などの魚類、捕食性のゲンゴロウなどの昆虫、バンダイハコネサンショウウオなどの水生生物が生息しています。","The majority of the 300 lakes and ponds formed in Urabandai during the 1888 eruption support aquatic biodiversity, including fish such as smelt, dace and minnow, insects like the predacious diving beetle (Dytiscidae), and the Bandai clawed salamander (Onychodactylus intermedius)."]
[643,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","遮るものが無い","さえぎるものがない","unobstructed","中瀬沼展望台からは水もに映る紅葉と、遮るものが無い磐梯山の全景が楽しめます。","The lookout over the swamp provides reflections of the foliage as well as unobstructed views of Mt. Bandai."]
[644,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","自然現象","水蒸気爆発","すいじょうきばくはつ","phreatic (steam-blast) eruption","1888年の水蒸気爆発によって小磐梯のかつての山頂が破壊されました。","A phreatic (steam-blast) eruption in 1888 destroyed the former summit of Ko Bandai or “Little Bandai.” "]
[645,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","自然現象","壊滅的な岩なだれ","かいめつてきないわなだれ","devastating landslide","爆発によって磐梯山の峰は３つになり、壊滅的な岩なだれを引き起こし、地域一帯に岩屑が流れ込みました。","The blast left the mountain with only three peaks, triggered a devastating landslide, and cast debris throughout the area. "]
[646,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","岩石・洞窟","鉱物組成","こうぶつそせい","mineral composition","鮮やかな色は、湖ごとに異なる湖水の鉱物組成や底質の種類や植生の影響を受けています。","The vivid colors are influenced by the mineral composition of the water and types of bottom sediments and vegetation, which differ from pond to pond. "]
[647,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","雪を圧縮","ゆきをあっしゅく","compacted snow","雪室とは、冬の間に蓄積した雪を圧縮し、高く積み重ねたものです。","The room is piled high with compacted snow collected throughout the winter. "]
[648,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","ケイ酸アルミニウム","けいさんあるみにうむ","aluminum silicate","鮮やかで色とりどりの色彩は、化学物質や、水や砂に含まれるケイ酸アルミニウムなどの鉱物粒子によって引き起こされると考えられています。","The vivid, multicolored shades are believed to be caused by chemicals and mineral particles such as aluminum silicate in the water and sand. "]
[649,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仏教の神様の四天王","ぶっきょうのかみさまのしてんのう","one of the four guardian deities in the Buddhist pantheon","沼の名前は、仏教の神様の四天王の1人であり、室町時代（1136年–1573年）から崇拝されてきた日本の七福神の中の1人、「毘沙門」に由来します。","The pond's name comes from Bishamon, one of the four guardian deities in the Buddhist pantheon, and also one of Japan’s Seven Lucky Gods, which have been worshipped since the Muromachi period (1136–1573). "]
[650,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","河川・渓谷","地下水源","ちかすいげん","underground springs","深泥沼には複数の地下水源から流れ込むために沼の水色が変化し、まだらのような色になっているのです。","The pond is fed by multiple underground springs, varying the colors within the pond and creating a dappled effect. "]
[651,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","珍しいマット状","めずらしいまっとじょう","rare mat formation","沼の底でウカミカマゴケが珍しいマット状で生育していることが、沼の色に影響を与えているのかもしれません。","Drepanocladus fluitans moss growing in a rare mat formation on the pond floor may also affect the color. "]
[652,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","酸性化合物","さんせいかごうぶつ","acidic compound","これは植物が、噴火中に堆積した水中の酸性化合物であるケイ酸アルミニウムによってコーティングされているためです。","This is due to a coating of aluminum silicate, an acidic compound in the water deposited during the eruption. "]
[653,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","肉体的な苦行","にくたいてきなくぎょう","physical hardships","修験道は山岳崇拝に基づく民間信仰の一つで、肉体的な苦行に耐える修行をします。5月下旬～10月の登山シーズンには、登山道に刻まれた修験者の足跡をたどることができます。","Since the early seventh century, these trails have been used by practitioners of Shugendo, a folk-religion based on mountain worship, that involves enduring extreme physical hardships. "]
[654,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","水酸化鉄","すいさんかてつ","iron hydroxide","水酸化鉄の含有度が高いので、湖水は銅赤色をしています。","High levels of iron hydroxide in the lake give the pond its coppery red color. "]
[655,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","地面に染み透る","じめんにしみとおる","water seeps downward","地質学者によれば、銅沼の湖水が地面に染み透り、より低い場所の水源となって湧き出し、300メートルほど下方にある色彩豊かな五色沼湖沼群に流れ込みます。銅沼と発音が同じ赤沼もその一つです。","Geologists believe its water seeps downward through the earth and emerges at lower altitudes as springs that run into the colorful Goshikinuma cluster of ponds some 300 meters below, one of which is similarly named Akanuma (Red Pond). "]
[656,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","より低い場所","よりひくいばしょ","lower altitudes","地質学者によれば、銅沼の湖水が地面に染み透り、より低い場所の水源となって湧き出し、300メートルほど下方にある色彩豊かな五色沼湖沼群に流れ込みます。","Geologists believe its water seeps downward through the earth and emerges at lower altitudes as springs that run into the colorful Goshikinuma cluster of ponds some 300 meters below, one of which is similarly named Akanuma (Red Pond). "]
[657,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","垂らしかけた布のよう","たらしかけたぬののよう","drape","布は「反物」という意味です。滝水が岩に垂らしかけた布のように流れ落ちることに由来します。","Nuno means “cloth,” evoking the way the water appears to drape over the rocks as it flows. "]
[658,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","その他","権利を与える","けんりをあたえる","initiative","政府はこの地の植林に尽力した人に低価格で土地を買い取る権利を与えました。","The government offered an initiative of low-priced land to people who made significant contributions to the area’s reforestation. "]
[659,"福島県 ","（磐梯朝日国立公園）磐梯朝日国立公園多言語化促進協議会","植物","植林","しょくりん","reforestation","政府はこの地の植林に尽力した人に低価格で土地を買い取る権利を与えました。","The government offered an initiative of low-priced land to people who made significant contributions to the area’s reforestation. "]
[660,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","千手観音","せんじゅかんのん","Thousand-armed Kannon","ここに祀られている千手観音は、立木観音として知られ、日光で最も古い仏像である。","The Thousand-armed Kannon enshrined here is known as Tachiki Kannon—meaning the “standing-tree Kannon”—and it is the oldest Buddhist statue in Nikko. "]
[661,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","立木観音","たちきかんのん","Tachiki Kannon","ここに祀られている千手観音は、立木観音として知られ、日光で最も古い仏像である。","The Thousand-armed Kannon enshrined here is known as Tachiki Kannon—meaning the “standing-tree Kannon”—and it is the oldest Buddhist statue in Nikko. "]
[662,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","植物","桂の木","かつら","katsura tree","勝道上人は、桂の立ち木に彫刻したと伝えられている。 ","Shodo reportedly carved the statue from a single katsura tree without cutting it down. "]
[663,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","印相","いんそう","mudra (a sacred hand gesture)","各手は、印相を表しており、悪との戦いや助けになる仏具を有している。 ","Each of the 40 additional hands is either in the position of a mudra (a sacred hand gesture) or is holding an implement that can be used to fight evil or to provide assistance. "]
[664,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","悟りの境地","悟りの境地","Buddhahood","下部の10頭は悟りを得るために必要な10の段階を表し、中央の最上部にある11番目の頭は悟りの境地を表している。","The ten lower heads represent the ten steps required to attain enlightenment, and the eleventh head, in the center and at the highest position, represents Buddhahood. "]
[665,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西方極楽浄土","さいほうごくらくじょうど","Western Paradise","この11番目の頭は、通常、西方極楽浄土の阿弥陀如来を表している。","This eleventh head is usually identified as Amida, the Buddha of the Western Paradise."]
[666,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","極楽浄土","ごくらくじょうど","Pure Land Buddhism paradise","このお堂は、極楽浄土が西方に位置するため、中禅寺湖西岸に建てられたと考えられる。","The hall was likely built on the western shore of Lake Chuzenji because in Pure Land Buddhism paradise is located in the west."]
[667,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","基礎石台","きそせきだい","foundation slab","1965年から現在の構造物が2016年に建設されるまで、ここには基礎石台しかなかった。","From 1965 until the current structure was built in 2016, there was only a foundation slab. "]
[668,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","複合施設","ふくごうしせつ","shrine-temple complex","この寺院は、元の日光山の複合施設の創立1250周年と勝道上人の死後1200年を記念して、2016年に再建された。","The temple was reconstructed in 2016 in commemoration of the 1,250th anniversary of the founding of the original Nikko-zan shrine-temple complex and the 1,200th anniversary of the death of Shodo."]
[669,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","護摩の儀式","ごまのぎしき","goma fire ceremonies","この護摩の儀式はインドで始まり、真言宗や天台宗などの密教や山岳修行の修験道信仰で実践されている。","The goma fire ceremony originated in India and is practiced in Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, such as the Shingon and Tendai schools, and in the mountain-worshipping religion of Shugendo. "]
[670,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","不動明王","ふどうみょうおう","Fudo Myo-o","五大明王の一人である不動明王へさまざまな供物が奉納される。 ","Various items and prayers are offered to Fudo Myo-o, one of the five Wisdom Kings, by burning them in a sacred fire."]
[671,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五大明王","ごだいみょうおう","the five Wisdom Kings","五大明王の一人である不動明王へさまざまな供物が奉納される。","Various items and prayers are offered to Fudo Myo-o, one of the five Wisdom Kings, by burning them in a sacred fire."]
[672,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","密教","みっきょう","Japanese Esoteric Buddhism","この護摩の儀式はインドで始まり、真言宗や天台宗などの密教や山岳修行の修験道信仰で実践されている。","The goma fire ceremony originated in India and is practiced in Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, such as the Shingon and Tendai schools, and in the mountain-worshipping religion of Shugendo."]
[673,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","聖火","せいか","sacred fire","聖火は丸い形をした石の中に収められており、その石は現在、中央近くにある苔むした小さな塚の下に置かれている。","The sacred fire was contained in a round, bowl-shaped stone that is now underneath the small, moss-covered mound near the center."]
[674,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神聖な空間","しんせいなくうかん","sacred space","四つ角に立てられた4本の石柱は、神聖な空間を示す縄を吊るすために使用されていた。 ","The four stone columns standing at each corner would have been used to suspend a rope to mark the sacred space. "]
[675,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","護摩壇","ごまだん","goma altar","ほとんどの護摩壇には、正面に向かって2本の背の高い柱があり、そこに祈祷者が座っており、その間に縄が吊り下げられている。 ","Most goma altars have two taller columns toward the front, where the officiant sits, and a rope is suspended between them. "]
[676,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","祈祷者","きとうしゃ","officiant ","ほとんどの護摩壇には、正面に向かって2本の背の高い柱があり、そこに祈祷者が座っており、その間に縄が吊り下げられている。 ","Most goma altars have two taller columns toward the front, where the officiant sits, and a rope is suspended between them. "]
[677,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","屋根瓦","やねかわあら","roof tiles","この神社には、扉、軒先の屋根瓦、扉の上に、これらの願いを叶える宝石がたくさんある。","There are a number of wish-granting jewels on this shrine: on the doors, on the roof tiles at the ends of the eaves, and above the main door."]
[678,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","軒先","のきさき","eaves","この神社には、扉、軒先の屋根瓦、扉の上に、これらの願いを叶える宝石がたくさんある。","There are a number of wish-granting jewels on this shrine: on the doors, on the roof tiles at the ends of the eaves, and above the main door."]
[679,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","衆生","しゅじょう","sentient beings","この像は、この世とあの世の一切の衆生を助ける菩薩である地蔵菩薩の姿である。","This is a statue of Jizo Bosatsu, the bodhisattva who aids all sentient beings in this world and the next."]
[680,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","行者","ぎょうじゃ","ascetic","伝えられるところによると、行者の勝道上人（735-817）が男体山に登ろうとして道に迷ったときに、この場所に地蔵尊が現れた。","It is said that Jizo appeared to the Buddhist monk and mountain ascetic Shodo Shonin (735–817) on this spot. "]
[681,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","号","ごう","posthumous name  ","この像は、阿部忠秋（1602–1675）の墓の近くにあり、忠秋の号が空烟であったことから空烟地蔵と名付けられた。 ","This statue is named the “Kuen Jizo,” because it is near the grave of Abe Tadaaki (1602–1675), whose posthumous name is Kuen. "]
[682,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","殉死","じゅんし","ritual suicide","慣習に反して、忠秋は三代将軍徳川家光（1604–1651）が亡くなり、四代将軍徳川家綱（1641–1680）に仕えたときにも殉死をしなかった。"," Contrary to custom, Tadaaki did not commit ritual suicide when his lord Tokugawa Iemitsu (1604–1651) died, and he lived on to serve the fourth Tokugawa shogun, Ietsuna (1641–1680), as well. "]
[683,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","石灯籠","いしどうろう","stone lantern","忠秋の家族は、忠秋の墓からわずか数メートルのところのこの山の小道に、地蔵菩薩が現れた物語を知り、地蔵の像と石灯籠を依頼した。 ","When Tadaaki’s family learned of the story of Jizo appearing to Shodo Shonin on this spot only a few meters from Tadaaki’s grave, they commissioned the statue of Jizo and the stone lantern."]
[684,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","楊柳観音","ようりゅうかんのん","Yoryu, or Willow Kannon","このお堂は、ここに安置されている楊柳観音にちなんで名付けられた。","This hall is named after the Yoryu, or Willow Kannon, that is enshrined here. "]
[685,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","植物","枝垂れ柳","しだれやなぎ","weeping willow","実際、枝垂れ柳の葉と樹皮にはサリチル酸が含まれており、これにはいくつかの薬効成分があり、アスピリンの初期の製造にも使用されていた。","Interestingly, the leaves and bark of the weeping willow contain salicylic acid, which has several medicinal properties and was used in the early manufacture of aspirin."]
[686,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","サリチル酸","サリチルさん","salicylic acid","実際、枝垂れ柳の葉と樹皮にはサリチル酸が含まれており、これにはいくつかの薬効成分があり、アスピリンの初期の製造にも使用されていた。","Interestingly, the leaves and bark of the weeping willow contain salicylic acid, which has several medicinal properties and was used in the early manufacture of aspirin."]
[687,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","工芸・美術品","将棋","しょうぎ","Japanese chess (shogi)","建物の前にある木製の塊は、将棋の駒のように見える。 ","The wooden blocks in front of the building look like one of the pieces in Japanese chess (shogi). "]
[688,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","動物","鴛鴦","おしどり","mandarin ducks","鴛鴦と極楽を飛び回る鳥たちは、交尾習性において一夫一婦制で知られており、カップルと子育てを象徴している。","Mandarin ducks and birds of paradise are known for monogamy and symbolize couples and parenting."]
[689,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五輪塔","ごりんとう","five-ringed pagoda (gorinto)","勝道上人の墓は、石の五輪塔造りになっている。","Shodo Shonin’s grave is marked by a stone a five-ringed pagoda (gorinto)."]
[690,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四天王","してんのう","Four Heavenly Kings ","帝釈天は四天王の司令官であり、人間と神を悪から守ってくれる。","Taishakuten is the commander of the Four Heavenly Kings and defends humans and deities against evil. "]
[691,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","動物","ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もあります。"]
[692,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","開山堂","かいさんどう","Kaisando (also Founder's Hall)","衆生を助ける菩薩である地蔵は、やはり勝道上人像近くの開山堂に安置されており、勝道上人は開山堂の後ろに埋葬されている。","Jizo, a bodhisattva who aids all sentient beings, is enshrined in the nearby Kaisando along with a statue of Shodo, and Shodo is buried behind the Kaisando."]
[693,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","硫黄","いおう","sulfur ","湯本温泉は1200年以上の歴史があり、日本の温泉の中で硫黄の濃度が4番目に高い温泉でもある。 ","Yumoto Onsen has a history of more than 1,200 years and its springs have the fourth-highest concentration of sulfur of any hot springs in Japan. "]
[694,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","植物","杉の木","すぎのき","cedar","この神社と寺院の複合体を構成する多くの建物は、樹齢数百年の巨大な杉の木に囲まれている。","The many buildings that make up this shrine-temple complex are surrounded by giant Japanese cedars that are hundreds of years old. "]
[695,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","護摩・護摩祈祷","ごま・ごまきとう","Goma fire ritual.","護摩堂は護摩の儀式を行うために建立されました。","This hall was built for the performance of the Goma fire ritual. "]
[696,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","将軍","しょうぐん","shogun","大猷院には、徳川三代将軍・家光（西暦1604-1651)の終の場所(廟)が置かれています。","The Taiyuin is the final resting place of Iemitsu (1604–1651), the third Tokugawa shogun. "]
[697,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仁王門","におうもん","Niomon, Gate of the Virtuous Kings","仁王門\n\n仁王門は家光の霊廟の参道を守護している最初の門です。","Niomon, Gate of the Virtuous Kings\n\nThis is the first gate guarding the approach to Iemitsu’s mausoleum. "]
[698,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天海","てんかい","Tenkai","慈眼堂は、十七世紀初頭にこの輪王寺を復興させたことで有名な、輪王寺第五十三世貫主・天海大僧正（西暦1536-1643ごろ)の終の場所です。","The Jigendo is the final resting place of Tenkai (approx. 1536–1643), the fifty-third abbot of the Rinnoji, who is famous for revitalizing the temple in the early seventeenth century. "]
[699,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","殉死","じゅんし","junshi","この垣根の向こうに龍光院があります。ここでは、家光の忠臣・梶定良がかつて暮らしていました。家光が死去した際には、当時の習慣としては、主君の後を追い切腹をすること=殉死が普通でした。","The Ryukoin Temple stands behind this fence. It was the residence of Iemitsu’s personal servant Kaji Sadayoshi. In Iemitsu’s time, it was customary for a lord’s servants to follow him to the grave, committing a form of ritual suicide known as junshi. ","※初出では「form of ritual suicide known as junshi」など、単語の意味の説明を行えば、次からは「junshi」とのみ表記することも可能。"]
[700,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","唐破風","からはふ","karahafu Chinese gable","唐門の名前の由来は、門に施された巨大な唐破風の切妻です。唐破風はリカーブボウにも似た、反り返ったアーチを特徴としています。この様式は高く評価され、高い階級を示すようになっていたため、家光の霊廟へと至る入り口にも使用されています。","Chinese gates are defined by the karahafu Chinese gable over the entranceway, which has a rounded shape rather like the form of a recurve bow. The karahafu indicates high rank and was reserved for gates used by people of high rank, hence its utilization at the entrance to the main hall of Iemitsu’s mausoleum. ","※初出部で「the karahafu Chinese gable」と、中国風の切妻であることを示し、次からは「karahafu」と表記。"]
[701,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本殿","ほんでん","Main Hall","大猷院の本殿は、細やかな彫刻と意匠で覆われ、華麗な装飾が施されています。金箔が大量に使われているため、「金閣殿」とも呼ばれます。","The Main Hall of the Taiyuin Mausoleum is an ornate structure covered in intricate carvings, designs, and so much gold leaf that it is also known as “The Golden Pavilion,” or Kinkakuden. "]
[702,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","組織・団体","幕府","ばくふ","shogunate","1633年に家光が権力を掌握した後、幕府は権力基盤を固め、1867年に幕府がなくなるまでこの政治体制を維持しました。","After Iemitsu assumed real power in 1633, he consolidated the power base of the shogunate, implementing a political structure that would remain in force until the end of the shogunate in 1867."]
[703,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","社会","参勤交代","さんきんこうたい"," sankin kotai","彼はその治世の初期に、”参勤交代”を制定します。”参勤交代”とは、大名が江戸（東京）と自分たちの故郷の領地の間を毎年行ったり来たりして生活拠点を移動することを義務づけたものです。","Early in his regime, Iemitsu instituted the sankin kotai or alternative attendance system, in which the regional lords were required to move their household to Edo (Tokyo) for one year, returning home for the following year. ","※初出で「the sankin kotai or alternative attendance systemi」と意味を説明し、それ以降は「sankin kotai 」を使用するなど、正しい意味の説明と可読性を両立することが望ましい。"]
[704,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","寛永寺","かんえいじ","Kan’eiji Temple","門跡は皇族の(中から)任命される、非常に高位の僧侶です。輪王寺門跡は輪王寺だけでなく、東京の寛永寺、京都近くの延暦寺における権限も与えられました。","Since the monzeki was a member of the imperial family and also head of the Kan’eiji Temple in Tokyo and the Enryakuji Temple near Kyoto, he required a separate private place of worship, which purpose this hall served. "]
[705,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","輪王寺","りんのうじ","Rinnoji Temple","輪王寺は、766年に仏教僧・勝道上人(735-817)によって建立されました。","Rinnoji Temple was founded in 766 CE by the Buddhist monk and saint Shodo (735–817). "]
[706,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","勝道上人","しょうどうしょうにん","Shodo","輪王寺は、766年に仏教僧・勝道上人(735-817)によって建立されました。","Rinnoji Temple was founded in 766 CE by the Buddhist monk and saint Shodo (735–817). ","※初出では「Buddhist monk」、「the monk」など仏僧であることを示す。次出からは「Shodo」「Shodo Shonin」などの短縮呼称や通称も許容。"]
[707,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","俳句","はいく","haiku","有名な俳人・松尾芭蕉（西暦1644-1694)は、家康の神社(=東照宮)へ参拝する許可が下りるのを待つ間、ここ養源院に滞在したと記録が残っています。","The famous haiku poet Matsuo Basho (1644–1694) once stayed here while awaiting permission to visit Ieyasu’s shrine.","※斜体表記とする。また、例文の「poet」のように、haikuが詩の一種であることを示唆する表現を添えられると、読者の理解を助けることができる。"]
[708,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","工芸・美術品","地蔵","じぞう","jizo statue","地蔵像は沿道、墓所など、日本のどこにも見受けることができ(る)","Jizo statues can be found throughout Japan, most often along roadsides, or in graveyards","※具体的な仏像の呼称ではなく、仏教の教えの中の「地蔵菩薩」を説明する場合は、「boddhisatva Jizo」などと区別して表現する。"]
[709,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","奥宮","おくのみや","Okunomiya inner shrine","本社、中宮祠、奥宮の三社から構成されています。","The shrine consists of three sites, the Honsha main shrine, the Chugushi middle shrine, and the Okunomiya inner shrine."]
[710,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本社","ほんしゃ","Honsha main shrine","本社、中宮祠、奥宮の三社から構成されています。","The shrine consists of three sites, the Honsha main shrine, the Chugushi middle shrine, and the Okunomiya inner shrine."]
[711,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","中宮祠","ちゅうぐうし","Chugushi middle shrine","本社、中宮祠、奥宮の三社から構成されています。","The shrine consists of three sites, the Honsha main shrine, the Chugushi middle shrine, and the Okunomiya inner shrine."]
[712,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天台宗","てんだいしゅう","Tendai sect of Buddhism","最初のものは、9世紀に中国から伝わったとされる日本天台宗の第3代座主・円仁（794年-864年）によって建てられました。","The first shrine here was built by Ennin (ca. 794–864), the third abbot of the Japanese Tendai sect of Buddhism, which was introduced to Japan from China in the ninth century. "]
[713,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神仏習合","しんぶつしゅうごう","fusion of Buddhism and Shinto","この神社は明治以前に存在した神仏習合（神社と寺院を混淆して信仰する考え方）時代の面影を残す施設であると言えます。","This shrine is a reminder of the fusion of Buddhism and Shinto that existed before the Meiji period (1868–1912)."]
[714,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","総本山","そうほんざん"," head temple","大山咋命の御霊は、京都の近くにある日本天台宗の総本山・比叡山延暦寺から分けられたものです。","The kami Oyamakui no Mikoto enshrined here was brought from the Hie Shrine at Hieizan Enryakuji, near Kyoto, the head temple of Japanese Tendai Buddhism. "]
[715,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","空海","くうかい","Kukai","高野山(和歌山県)を開き、弘法大師としても知られる僧侶・空海(774-835)が、820年に創建したと伝わる。","It is believed that Takinoo Shrine was built in 820 by Kukai (774–835), also known as Kobo Daishi, the Buddhist monk who founded the famous monastery on Koyasan in Wakayama Prefecture. ","※人物名表記は「Kukai」のみで問題ありませんが、「高野山の開祖として知られる〜」など、海外の方に知られる情報を添えることが、読み手の理解を助けるためには望ましいです。"]
[716,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鳥居","とりい","torii","鳥居とは、聖域への入り口として設けられる神社の門です。そのため、鳥居は神社やそのほか聖なる場所の入り口に建てられます。","Shrine gates, called torii, mark the entrance to a sacred space. For this reason, torii often stand at the entrance to shrines and other holy places. ","※世界的に一般的な日本語とは言えないため、斜体が望ましく、前後に「the entrance to a sacred space」など意味を示す文章を添えるのが望ましいです。"]
[717,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","権現","ごんげん","gongen","権現とは仏が神道の神として現れることを指し、明治時代（1868年-1912年）まであった神仏習合の名残とも言えます。","Gongen means the appearance of a Buddha in the form of a Shinto deity and is a reminder of the fusion of Buddhism and Shinto before the Meiji period (1868–1912).","※斜体で表現しつつ、「the appearance of a Buddha in the form of a Shinto deity」など、意味を示す文章を説明することが望ましいです。"]
[718,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","書物","古事記","こじき","Kojiki","712年に書かれた日本最古の歴史書『古事記』において、少彦名命は二荒山神社の主祭神・大己貴命の日本統治を助けた神であると記述されています。","In the Kojiki, the oldest written record of ancient Japanese history published in 712, Sukunabiko no Mikoto helped Onamuchi no Mikoto, one of the principal deities worshipped at Nikko Futarasan Shrine, to rule Japan. "]
[719,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水鉢","ちょうずばち","stone water basin","社の正確な創建時期は不明ですが、手水鉢石に「西暦1753年」と漢字が刻まれており、少なくとも250年程度の歴史を持つ建築であると考えられています。","Although the shrine’s exact age remains unknown, the stone water basin used for ritual purification is engraved with the Chinese characters for 1753. From this, it is thought that the Mitomo Shrine has stood here for at least 250 years."]
[720,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","大己貴命","おおなむちのみこと","Onamuchi no Mikoto","本殿には大己貴命、田心姫命、味耜高彦根命といった三柱の神々が祀られており、それぞれが日光の三山（男体山、女峰山、太郎山）の化身と考えられています。","The main hall enshrines three Shinto kami deities: Onamuchi no Mikoto, Tagorihime no Mikoto, and Ajisukitakahikone no Mikoto.  These deities are incarnations of the three mountains of Nikko: Mt. Nantai, Mt. Nyoho, and Mt. Taro."]
[721,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","田心姫命","たごりひめのみこと","Tagorihime no Mikoto","本殿には大己貴命、田心姫命、味耜高彦根命といった三柱の神々が祀られており、それぞれが日光の三山（男体山、女峰山、太郎山）の化身と考えられています。","The main hall enshrines three Shinto kami deities: Onamuchi no Mikoto, Tagorihime no Mikoto, and Ajisukitakahikone no Mikoto.  These deities are incarnations of the three mountains of Nikko: Mt. Nantai, Mt. Nyoho, and Mt. Taro."]
[722,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","味耜高彦根命","あじすきたかひこねのみこと","Ajisukitakahikone no Mikoto","本殿には大己貴命、田心姫命、味耜高彦根命といった三柱の神々が祀られており、それぞれが日光の三山（男体山、女峰山、太郎山）の化身と考えられています。","The main hall enshrines three Shinto kami deities: Onamuchi no Mikoto, Tagorihime no Mikoto, and Ajisukitakahikone no Mikoto.  These deities are incarnations of the three mountains of Nikko: Mt. Nantai, Mt. Nyoho, and Mt. Taro."]
[723,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","観音菩薩","かんのんぼさつ"," Buddhist deity Kannon","蓮は仏教において観音菩薩の乗る花と考えられているものです。","The Buddhist deity Kannon, the goddess of mercy, is often portrayed riding on a lotus. "]
[724,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","集落・街","奥日光","おくにっこう","Oku-Nikko","歴史的社寺の奧には奧日光という壮大なスケールの自然が広がっています。","Beyond Nikko’s historic shrines and temples is Oku-Nikko, a region filled with natural wonders. "]
[725,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","昭和天皇","しょうわてんのう","Emperor Showa","また、那須は昭和天皇(1901-1989)が東京の夏の暑さを避けるため訪れた、お気に入りの避暑地でもありました。","Nasu was one of the favorite destinations of Emperor Showa (1901–1989), who came here to escape the oppressive summer heat of Tokyo. "]
[726,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山岳信仰","さんがくしんこう","Sangaku Shinko","神道に関連する、山々に対する信仰を示す「山岳信仰」","These beliefs, associated with Shinto, and centered on respect for the mountains, are known as Sangaku Shinko. "]
[727,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","高原・湿原・原野","八方ヶ原高原","はっぽうがはらこうげん","Happogahara Plateau","「那須・塩原地域」は、板室の温泉地、鮮やかなツツジで知られる八方ヶ原高原なども含んでいます。","The natural hot springs, or onsen area of Itamuro and the Happogahara Plateau, renowned for its vivid azaleas, is also in the Nasu and Shiobara region. "]
[728,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","集落・街","那須・塩原","なす・しおばら","Nasu and Shiobara","那須・塩原地域も、日光と同様に火山活動によって生まれた地域ですが、力強く心揺さぶる日光の自然とはうって変わって、高原・渓谷といった、のどかで心を洗うような清冽な自然が出迎えてくれます。\n\n地形的には、那須はその眺めの良い山々や高原で、一方の塩原はその渓谷で知られています。","Similar to Oku-Nikko, this region was originally formed by volcanic activity, but unlike Oku-Nikko’s dramatic landscapes, peaceful plateaus and valleys can be found here. \n\nNasu and Shiobara are topographically distinct, the former known for its scenic mountains and plateaus, and the latter for its valleys.","※那須・塩原は、那須と(那須)塩原の2地域のことを指し示している。Nasu Shiobaraと表記した場合、「那須塩原」と混同される可能性があるため、「and」を用いて表現を行う。"]
[729,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","鉱物組成","こうぶつそせい","mineral compositions","11の温泉地区には、それぞれ色、鉱物組成、pH値が異なる多くの特徴的な温泉がある。","Each of the 11 onsen areas contains many individual hot springs, all with different colors, mineral compositions, and pH values. "]
[730,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","温泉","塩化物泉","えんかぶつせん","chloride springs","塩原温泉の鉱物組成は、塩化物泉、炭酸水素塩泉、硫黄泉、硫酸塩泉、酸性泉および「単純泉」の6つの主な種類に分類できる。","The mineral compositions of the Shiobara springs can be divided into six major classifications: chloride springs, hydrogen carbonate springs, sulfur springs, sulfate springs, acid springs, and “simple springs.” "]
[731,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","温泉","炭酸水素塩泉","たんさんすいそえんせん","hydrogen carbonate springs","塩原温泉の鉱物組成は、塩化物泉、炭酸水素塩泉、硫黄泉、硫酸塩泉、酸性泉および「単純泉」の6つの主な種類に分類できる。","The mineral compositions of the Shiobara springs can be divided into six major classifications: chloride springs, hydrogen carbonate springs, sulfur springs, sulfate springs, acid springs, and “simple springs.” "]
[732,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","温泉","硫黄泉","いおうせん","sulfur springs","塩原温泉の鉱物組成は、塩化物泉、炭酸水素塩泉、硫黄泉、硫酸塩泉、酸性泉および「単純泉」の6つの主な種類に分類できる。","The mineral compositions of the Shiobara springs can be divided into six major classifications: chloride springs, hydrogen carbonate springs, sulfur springs, sulfate springs, acid springs, and “simple springs.” "]
[733,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","温泉","硫酸塩泉","りゅうさんえんせん","sulfate springs","塩原温泉の鉱物組成は、塩化物泉、炭酸水素塩泉、硫黄泉、硫酸塩泉、酸性泉および「単純泉」の6つの主な種類に分類できる。","The mineral compositions of the Shiobara springs can be divided into six major classifications: chloride springs, hydrogen carbonate springs, sulfur springs, sulfate springs, acid springs, and “simple springs.” "]
[734,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","温泉","酸性泉","さんせいせん","acid springs","塩原温泉の鉱物組成は、塩化物泉、炭酸水素塩泉、硫黄泉、硫酸塩泉、酸性泉および「単純泉」の6つの主な種類に分類できる。","The mineral compositions of the Shiobara springs can be divided into six major classifications: chloride springs, hydrogen carbonate springs, sulfur springs, sulfate springs, acid springs, and “simple springs.” "]
[735,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","温泉","露天風呂","ろてんぶろ","open-air bath, or rotenburo","残りの浴場のうち、もみじの湯は唯一の野外風呂、つまり「露天風呂」で、秋にはそれを取り囲むもみじが一気に色を帯びる。","Of the remaining baths, Momiji no Yu is the only open-air bath, or rotenburo, and in autumn the Japanese Maples that surround it burst into color."]
[736,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","traditional inns, or ryokan","福渡は1533年以降、多くの伝統的なホテル（旅館）が立ち並ぶ場所であったが、1949年に火災で旅館が全壊し、再建が必要だったため、現在の建物はそれ以降のものである。","Fukuwata has been the site of many traditional inns (ryokan) since 1533, but the current buildings date back to 1949, when the ryokan were all destroyed by fire and had to be rebuilt."]
[737,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","乗物","トテ馬車","とてばしゃ","horse-drawn carriages, or tote-basha ","駅から塩原温泉郷までの14kmの道のりを観光客を運ぶのに、トテ馬車と呼ばれる馬車が使用された。","Horse-drawn carriages called tote-basha were used to transport visitors the 14 kilometers from the station to Shiobara’s onsen town. "]
[738,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","その他","炭酸カルシウム","たんさんカルシウム","calcium carbonate","地下水が炭酸カルシウムの地下堆積物にゆっくりと浸透し、源三窟が形成された。","Genzan Cave was formed by the slow penetration of groundwater into underground deposits of calcium carbonate. "]
[739,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","木の葉石","このはいし","konoha ishi ","木の葉石（文字通り「木の葉の石」）は、塩原にあったかつてのカルデラ湖の乾燥した地層で見つかった、化石化した葉である。","Konoha ishi (literally, “stone leaves”) are fossilized leaves found in the dry bed of Shiobara’s former caldera lake. "]
[740,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","淡水魚","たんすいぎょ","freshwater fish","ここでは、完全な形で保存された淡水魚や小動物の化石も検出されている。","Fossils of perfectly preserved freshwater fish and small animals have also been found here."]
[741,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","栗","くり","chestnut ","葉の化石の中には、現代の栗やブナの木の葉と完全に一致するものもある。","Some of the fossilized leaves perfectly match the leaves of modern chestnut and beech trees."]
[742,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","ブナの木","ぶなのき","beech trees","葉の化石の中には、現代の栗やブナの木の葉と完全に一致するものもある。","Some of the fossilized leaves perfectly match the leaves of modern chestnut and beech trees."]
[743,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","堆積物","たいせきぶつ","sediment","柔らかい湖底に沈んだ葉や死んだ動物は、すぐに微粒の堆積物で覆われ、低酸素な環境に包まれたため、有機物を分解する微生物から守られた。","The leaves and dead animals that sank into the soft lakebed were soon covered by fine sediment, encasing them in a low-oxygen environment that protected them from microbes that break down organic matter. "]
[744,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","微生物","びせいぶつ","microbes","柔らかい湖底に沈んだ葉や死んだ動物は、すぐに微粒の堆積物で覆われ、低酸素な環境に包まれたため、有機物を分解する微生物から守られた。","The leaves and dead animals that sank into the soft lakebed were soon covered by fine sediment, encasing them in a low-oxygen environment that protected them from microbes that break down organic matter. "]
[745,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","その他","有機物","ゆうきぶつ","organic matter","柔らかい湖底に沈んだ葉や死んだ動物は、すぐに微粒の堆積物で覆われ、低酸素な環境に包まれたため、有機物を分解する微生物から守られた。","The leaves and dead animals that sank into the soft lakebed were soon covered by fine sediment, encasing them in a low-oxygen environment that protected them from microbes that break down organic matter. "]
[746,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","珪藻","けいそう","diatoms","より明るい色の層は、主に珪藻と呼ばれる藻の化石でできている。","The lighter-colored layers are mainly composed of the fossilized remains of algae called diatoms. "]
[747,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","噴気孔","ふんきこう","fumaroles","噴気孔と呼ばれる地面の開口部は、地球の深部からの過熱水が水蒸気や蒸気として地表に現れるときに形成される。","Openings in the ground called fumaroles are created when superheated water from deep in the earth emerges at the surface as water vapor and steam. "]
[748,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","山岳","円錐型寄生火山","えんすいけいきせいかざん","parasitic cone","円錐型寄生火山で、火山側面から噴出した溶岩であり、前黒山（1,678 m）の側面のほぼ中央の割れ目から噴出した溶岩で形成されている。","It is a parasitic cone––an extrusion of lava from the side of a volcano—that formed when lava erupted from fractures about halfway up the side of Mt. Maeguro (1,678 m). "]
[749,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","火成岩","かせいがん"," igneous rock","富士山は、デイサイトと呼ばれる火成岩でできており、マグマとしては非常に粘性が高く、比較的低い温度で噴火する。","Mt. Fujiyama is composed of an igneous rock called dacite, which is quite viscous as magma and erupts at a relatively low temperature."]
[750,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","堆積岩","たいせきがん","sedimentary rock","それは、主に火山灰で形成された堆積岩「グリーンタフ」でできている。","It is composed of “green tuff,” a sedimentary rock formed mostly from volcanic ash. "]
[751,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","ヤシオツツジ","やしおつつじ","yashio","このコースは、4月中旬に大量に花を咲かせるヤシオツツジにちなんで名づけられた。","The trail is named for the yashio variety of azalea, which blooms profusely in mid-April. "]
[752,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","ミズナラの木","みずならのき","Japanese oak","ブナの木とミズナラの木が周辺の森林を占めており、そこではたくさんの野鳥たちが自分たちの住家をつくる。","Japanese beech and Japanese oak dominate the surrounding forests where many wild birds make their homes."]
[753,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","カラマツ","からまつ","Japanese larch","コースは、カラマツ、モミおよび日本のみで見られるヒノキ属のアスナロの原生林を抜け、さらに続く。","After a steady descent with some steeper sections, the trail continues through a forest of Japanese larch, Japanese fir, and asunaro, a genus of cypress tree found only in Japan."]
[754,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","モミ","もみ","Japanese fir","コースは、カラマツ、モミおよび日本のみで見られるヒノキ属のアスナロの原生林を抜け、さらに続く。","After a steady descent with some steeper sections, the trail continues through a forest of Japanese larch, Japanese fir, and asunaro, a genus of cypress tree found only in Japan."]
[755,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","アスナロ","あすなろ","asunaro","コースは、カラマツ、モミおよび日本のみで見られるヒノキ属のアスナロの原生林を抜け、さらに続く。","After a steady descent with some steeper sections, the trail continues through a forest of Japanese larch, Japanese fir, and asunaro, a genus of cypress tree found only in Japan."]
[756,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","コナラ","こなら","Japanese pin oak","この公園には、アカマツの巨木や、コナラを含むさまざまな種類のナラの木がある。","The park contains large red pines and a variety of oak trees, including Japanese pin oaks."]
[757,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","建造物等","石塔","せきとう","stone pagoda","木造の神殿には、1518年に伝染病の収束を願って奉納された石塔がある。","A wooden building at the shrine houses a stone pagoda that was offered in the hope of relief from an epidemic in 1518. "]
[758,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","建造物等","石灯籠","いしどうろう","stone lantern","それは、彫刻が施された石灯籠のように見える。","It resembles a stone lantern that contains carved figures."]
[759,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","シダの藪","しだのやぶ","undergrowth of ferns","山頂には原生林があり、ナラ、ブナの木やシダの藪が生えている。","At the summit is an old forest of Japanese oak and Japanese beech with an undergrowth of ferns."]
[760,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ハッチョウトンボ","はっちょうとんぼ","scarlet dwarf dragonfly","この場所には、体長わずか2センチメートルの日本一小さいトンボであるハッチョウトンボなどの珍しい野生生物が生息している。","The area is home to rare wildlife such as the scarlet dwarf dragonfly, the smallest dragonfly in Japan, whose body is only 2 centimeters long. "]
[761,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","モリアオガエル","もりあおがえる","forest green tree frogs","保護指定種であるモリアオガエルも近くの森に住んでいる。","Forest green tree frogs, a protected species, also live in the nearby forest. "]
[762,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","紅葉","もみじ","foliage","1年中開放されており、春にはツツジの花、秋には紅葉を眺めるのに適した場所である。","It is open year-round and is a good place to view azalea blossoms in the spring and colorful foliage in autumn."]
[763,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","牡丹","ぼたん","peonies","5月中旬になると、3,000を超える牡丹が寺の境内に咲く。","More than 3,000 tree peonies (botan) bloom within the temple precincts in mid-May."]
[764,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","工芸・美術品","下駄","げた","wooden sandals","ここは、下駄のカタカタという音を聞いたり、綿の着物である浴衣を身に着けた人々を眺めるのに良い場所である。","This is a good place to hear the clatter of wooden sandals (geta) and to see people wearing yukata, a type of cotton kimono."]
[765,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","食","とて焼き","とてやき","crêpes, or tote-yaki","とて焼きは、いろいろな物を詰めて包んだクレープである。","This is also the place to find tote-yaki, crêpes unique to Shiobara that are served with a variety of fillings."]
[766,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","工芸・美術品","簾","すだれ","beaded curtain","このようにして生じる水の流れは、岩に掛けられた簾のように見える。","The resulting streams of water look like a beaded curtain hanging over the rocks."]
[767,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","工芸・美術品","薙刀","なぎなた","Japanese polearms ","湾曲した薙刀のようにうに見えるこの岩層は、溶岩が冷えて収縮するときに起こる柱状節理の一種である。","This rock formation, which resembles curved Japanese polearms (naginata), is a type of columnar jointing that occurs when lava contracts as it cools."]
[768,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","緑色凝灰岩","りょくしょくぎょうかいがん","green tuff","滝を囲む岩層は、緑色凝灰岩と安山岩の2種類の火山岩からなる。","The rock formations that surround the falls are made up of two types of volcanic rock: green tuff and andesite. "]
[769,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","安山岩","あんざんがん","andesite","滝を囲む岩層は、緑色凝灰岩と安山岩の2種類の火山岩からなる。","The rock formations that surround the falls are made up of two types of volcanic rock: green tuff and andesite. "]
[770,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","材木岩","ざいもくいわ","“timber rocks”, or  zaimoku iwa","文字通り「材木の岩」を意味しており、材木岩は、材木を積み重ねたように見えるこの地域の岩層のことである。","Literally meaning “timber rocks,” the term zaimoku iwa refers to the rock formations in this area that look like stacks of timber. "]
[771,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","自然現象","柱状節理","ちゅうじょうせつり","olumnar rock formations","柱状節理の他の例としては、北アイルランドのジャイアンツ・コーズウェイやインドのデカン・トラップがある。","Some other examples of columnar rock formations are the Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland and the Deccan Traps in India. "]
[772,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","滝行","たきぎょう","takigyō","滝行は、神聖な山の場内に入る前に、まず身体と精神を浄化するために利用されたようである。","One such practice is takigyō, the tradition of chanting or praying while standing under a waterfall. "]
[773,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","建造物等","野立","のだち","nodachi","その結果、皮肉かもしれないが、野立ちの慣習にちなんでノダチと名付けられた。この言葉は一般的に、 貴人が地方へ旅行する際に野外で摂る休憩を指していた。","The rock was, perhaps wryly, named nodachi, a term that normally referred to an open-air rest break that high-ranking persons might take during a pleasure trip to the countryside."]
[774,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","葉緑素","ようりょくそ","chlorophyll ","葉緑素は、光合成に必要な緑色の色素で、植物は光合成によって太陽光を食料に変える。","During the warmer months, all plants produce large amounts of chlorophyll, a green pigment that is necessary for photosynthesis—the process by which plants convert sunlight into food."]
[775,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","光合成","こうごうせい","photosynthesis","葉緑素は、光合成に必要な緑色の色素で、植物は光合成によって太陽光を食料に変える。","During the warmer months, all plants produce large amounts of chlorophyll, a green pigment that is necessary for photosynthesis—the process by which plants convert sunlight into food."]
[776,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ホオジロアオサギ","ほおじろあおさぎ","great white egrets","この地域の湿地は水鳥を引き付け、ホオジロアオサギ、アオサギ、オシドリ、マガモ、カワセミ、セキレイといった水鳥たちが、箒川や、その周辺の湖や湿地に群がる。","The area’s wetlands attract waterfowl—great white egrets, gray herons, mandarin ducks, mallard ducks, crested kingfishers, and wagtails congregate around the Hoki River and its surrounding lakes and marshlands. "]
[777,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","アオサギ","あおさぎ","gray herons","この地域の湿地は水鳥を引き付け、ホオジロアオサギ、アオサギ、オシドリ、マガモ、カワセミ、セキレイといった水鳥たちが、箒川や、その周辺の湖や湿地に群がる。","The area’s wetlands attract waterfowl—great white egrets, gray herons, mandarin ducks, mallard ducks, crested kingfishers, and wagtails congregate around the Hoki River and its surrounding lakes and marshlands. "]
[778,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","オシドリ","おしどり","mandarin ducks","この地域の湿地は水鳥を引き付け、ホオジロアオサギ、アオサギ、オシドリ、マガモ、カワセミ、セキレイといった水鳥たちが、箒川や、その周辺の湖や湿地に群がる。","The area’s wetlands attract waterfowl—great white egrets, gray herons, mandarin ducks, mallard ducks, crested kingfishers, and wagtails congregate around the Hoki River and its surrounding lakes and marshlands. "]
[779,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","マガモ","まがも","mallard ducks","この地域の湿地は水鳥を引き付け、ホオジロアオサギ、アオサギ、オシドリ、マガモ、カワセミ、セキレイといった水鳥たちが、箒川や、その周辺の湖や湿地に群がる。","The area’s wetlands attract waterfowl—great white egrets, gray herons, mandarin ducks, mallard ducks, crested kingfishers, and wagtails congregate around the Hoki River and its surrounding lakes and marshlands. "]
[780,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","カワセミ","かわせみ","crested kingfishers","この地域の湿地は水鳥を引き付け、ホオジロアオサギ、アオサギ、オシドリ、マガモ、カワセミ、セキレイといった水鳥たちが、箒川や、その周辺の湖や湿地に群がる。","The area’s wetlands attract waterfowl—great white egrets, gray herons, mandarin ducks, mallard ducks, crested kingfishers, and wagtails congregate around the Hoki River and its surrounding lakes and marshlands. "]
[781,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","セキレイ","せきれい","wagtails","この地域の湿地は水鳥を引き付け、ホオジロアオサギ、アオサギ、オシドリ、マガモ、カワセミ、セキレイといった水鳥たちが、箒川や、その周辺の湖や湿地に群がる。","The area’s wetlands attract waterfowl—great white egrets, gray herons, mandarin ducks, mallard ducks, crested kingfishers, and wagtails congregate around the Hoki River and its surrounding lakes and marshlands. "]
[782,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","アカゲラ","あかげら","great spotted woodpeckers","広葉樹の森は、アカゲラやオオルリなどの鳥を引き寄せる。","The forests of broadleaf trees attract birds such as great spotted woodpeckers and blue and white flycatchers. "]
[783,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","オオルリ","おおるり","blue and white flycatchers","広葉樹の森は、アカゲラやオオルリなどの鳥を引き寄せる。","The forests of broadleaf trees attract birds such as great spotted woodpeckers and blue and white flycatchers. "]
[784,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ノスリ","のすり","buzzard","ノスリ、タカ、ハヤブサ、フクロウなどの猛禽類もここで見ることができる。","Birds of prey, including buzzards, hawks, falcons, and owls, are also found here."]
[785,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","タカ","たか","hawk","ノスリ、タカ、ハヤブサ、フクロウなどの猛禽類もここで見ることができる。","Birds of prey, including buzzards, hawks, falcons, and owls, are also found here."]
[786,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ハヤブサ","はやぶさ","falcon","ノスリ、タカ、ハヤブサ、フクロウなどの猛禽類もここで見ることができる。","Birds of prey, including buzzards, hawks, falcons, and owls, are also found here."]
[787,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","フクロウ","ふくろう","owl","ノスリ、タカ、ハヤブサ、フクロウなどの猛禽類もここで見ることができる。","Birds of prey, including buzzards, hawks, falcons, and owls, are also found here."]
[788,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","シジュウカラ","しじゅうから","great tit","数種類のカラが塩原に生息しており、シジュウカラ、コガラ、ヒガラ、ヤマガラ、エナガがいる。","Several varieties of tit make Shiobara their home, including the great tit, willow tit, coal tit, varied tit, and long-tailed tit."]
[789,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","コガラ","こがら","willow tit","数種類のカラが塩原に生息しており、シジュウカラ、コガラ、ヒガラ、ヤマガラ、エナガがいる。","Several varieties of tit make Shiobara their home, including the great tit, willow tit, coal tit, varied tit, and long-tailed tit."]
[790,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ヒガラ","ひがら","coal tit","数種類のカラが塩原に生息しており、シジュウカラ、コガラ、ヒガラ、ヤマガラ、エナガがいる。","Several varieties of tit make Shiobara their home, including the great tit, willow tit, coal tit, varied tit, and long-tailed tit."]
[791,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ヤマガラ","やまがら","varied tit","数種類のカラが塩原に生息しており、シジュウカラ、コガラ、ヒガラ、ヤマガラ、エナガがいる。","Several varieties of tit make Shiobara their home, including the great tit, willow tit, coal tit, varied tit, and long-tailed tit."]
[792,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","エナガ","えなが","long-tailed tit","数種類のカラが塩原に生息しており、シジュウカラ、コガラ、ヒガラ、ヤマガラ、エナガがいる。","Several varieties of tit make Shiobara their home, including the great tit, willow tit, coal tit, varied tit, and long-tailed tit."]
[793,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","自然現象","追い風","おいかぜ","tailwind","この地域では風が非常に強く吹くため、追い風があれば、ペダルを踏まなくても自転車で坂を上ることができると言われている。","The wind blows so strongly in this area that people say that, with a tailwind, you can ride a bicycle uphill without even pedaling, as the wind will push you to the top. "]
[794,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","食","釜","がま","kettles (gama)","言い伝えによると、以前この温泉の湯は、水から塩を蒸留するときにやかん（釜）を温めるために使用されていた。","Legend has it that the water was formerly used to heat kettles (gama) when distilling salt (shio) from the water."]
[795,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","鳥類学","ちょうるいがく","ornithology","清棲幸保（1901～1975年）は、鳥類学および写真撮影の先駆者であった。","Kiyosu Yukiyasu (1901–1975) was a pioneer in ornithology as well as photography. "]
[796,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","高山鳥","こうざんちょう","alpine birds","日本の高山鳥をまだ誰も研究していなかった時代に日本北部の山々で10年間研究し、そこで多くの種を発見した。","In an era when no one had yet studied Japanese alpine birds, he spent 10 years studying them in the northern mountains of Japan, where he discovered a number of species. "]
[797,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","ホシガラス","ほしがらす","spotted nutcracker","清棲は、塩原がホシガラス、キクイタダキ、キバシリ、イヌワシなどの鳥の生息地であることを最初に特定した人物である。","Kiyosu was the first to determine that Shiobara is a habitat for birds such as the spotted nutcracker, goldcrest, common tree creeper, and golden eagle."]
[798,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","キクイタダキ","きくいただき","goldcrest","清棲は、塩原がホシガラス、キクイタダキ、キバシリ、イヌワシなどの鳥の生息地であることを最初に特定した人物である。","Kiyosu was the first to determine that Shiobara is a habitat for birds such as the spotted nutcracker, goldcrest, common tree creeper, and golden eagle."]
[799,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","キバシリ","きばしり","common tree creeper","清棲は、塩原がホシガラス、キクイタダキ、キバシリ、イヌワシなどの鳥の生息地であることを最初に特定した人物である。","Kiyosu was the first to determine that Shiobara is a habitat for birds such as the spotted nutcracker, goldcrest, common tree creeper, and golden eagle."]
[800,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）塩原温泉ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","イヌワシ","いぬわし","golden eagle","清棲は、塩原がホシガラス、キクイタダキ、キバシリ、イヌワシなどの鳥の生息地であることを最初に特定した人物である。","Kiyosu was the first to determine that Shiobara is a habitat for birds such as the spotted nutcracker, goldcrest, common tree creeper, and golden eagle."]
[801,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","蚕","かいこ","silkworm","はじめ中国北部で家畜化された蚕は、温度や湿度に敏感である。","First domesticated in northern China, silkworms are sensitive to temperature and humidity. "]
[802,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","繭","まゆ","cocoons","彼は６年もの間、健康な繭をまとめて飼育することに取り組んだが、失敗に終わっていた。","For six years he failed to raise a healthy crop of cocoons because his silkworms kept dying from poor air quality and fluctuations in temperature and humidity in the nursery."]
[803,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","工芸・美術品","養蚕","ようさん","sericulture","彼は、蚕の生育法である清涼育を作ったことで最もよく知られている。","Yahei’s books, Yōsan shinron (A New Theory of Sericulture) and its sequel, Zoku yōsan shinron (A New Theory of Sericulture, Continued), spread his teachings across Japan."]
[804,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","微粒子病","びりゅうしびょう","pébrine, or “pepper disease”","１８６０年代から１８７０年代にかけて、ヨーロッパの主要な絹生産国であるフランス、イタリアは２つの病気に見舞われ、蚕の数はほぼ壊滅的に減少していた。微粒子病（コショウ病）は、寄生性の真菌により引き起こされる病気で、この菌により蚕は繭を作ることができなくなる。また、軟化病は、蚕を衰弱、死滅させる病気である。","In the 1860s and 1870s the silkworm population in France and Italy, Europe’s major silk-producing nations, had nearly been obliterated by two diseases: pébrine, or “pepper disease,” which is caused by a parasitic fungus that prevents silkworms from spinning cocoons, and bouffée flacherie, which makes silkworms wilt and perish."]
[805,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","軟化病","なんかびょう","bouffée flacherie","１８６０年代から１８７０年代にかけて、ヨーロッパの主要な絹生産国であるフランス、イタリアは２つの病気に見舞われ、蚕の数はほぼ壊滅的に減少していた。微粒子病（コショウ病）は、寄生性の真菌により引き起こされる病気で、この菌により蚕は繭を作ることができなくなる。また、軟化病は、蚕を衰弱、死滅させる病気である。","In the 1860s and 1870s the silkworm population in France and Italy, Europe’s major silk-producing nations, had nearly been obliterated by two diseases: pébrine, or “pepper disease,” which is caused by a parasitic fungus that prevents silkworms from spinning cocoons, and bouffée flacherie, which makes silkworms wilt and perish."]
[806,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","建造物等","分教場","ぶんきょうじょう","branch schools","別科の学生は、分教場（分校）に通った。","Bekka students attended bunkyōjō, or branch schools. "]
[807,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","繭を生産する","まゆをせいさんする","raise a batch of cocoons","良質の繭をまとめて生産するためには、蚕農家は養蚕室の温度と湿度に細心の注意を払う必要がある。","In order to raise a successful batch of cocoons, silkworm farmers need to pay careful attention to the temperature and humidity in their nurseries. "]
[808,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","幼虫","ようちゅう","larva","一頭の蚕は生涯に合計２０～２５グラムの桑の葉を食べるが、そのうち８０パーセントは、幼虫としての最後の発育段階（第５段階）で消費される","In total, each silkworm will eat 20 to 25 grams of mulberry leaves during its life—80 percent of which is during a silkworm’s fifth and final stage of development as a larva."]
[809,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","植物","桑","くわ","mulberry","一頭の蚕は生涯に合計２０～２５グラムの桑の葉を食べるが、そのうち８０パーセントは、幼虫としての最後の発育段階（第５段階）で消費される","In total, each silkworm will eat 20 to 25 grams of mulberry leaves during its life—80 percent of which is during a silkworm’s fifth and final stage of development as a larva."]
[810,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","胸部","きょうぶ","thorax","蚕の脚（合計１６本の脚）は、胸部に繋がる３対の脚と、腹部に繋がる５対の「偽の」脚で構成される。","A silkworm has three pairs of legs attached to its thorax, and five pairs of “false” legs attached to the abdomen—a total of sixteen legs."]
[811,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","工芸・美術品","小袖","こそで","small sleeve kimono","江戸時代（１６０３～１８６７年）には、織物は、標準的な小袖（「小さい袖」を意味する）着物を作るのに要する生地の量を基準に測られた。","During the Edo period (1603–1867), textiles were measured according to the amount of fabric it took to make the basic kosode (“small sleeve”) kimono. "]
[812,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","社会","反","たん","a bolt of fabric 36 centimeters wide by 11.4 meters long","１枚の小袖を作るために要する量が１反（幅３６センチ、長さ１１．４ｍの一巻きの生地）とされていた。","The amount required to create one kosode was known as one tan, a bolt of fabric 36 centimeters wide by 11.4 meters long."]
[813,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","齢","れい","instars","ふ化した後、幼虫は「齢」として知られる５つの成長段階を経ることになる。","After hatching, they will go through five stages of growth, known as “instars.”"]
[814,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","蠕虫状","ぜんちゅうじょう","wormlike","ふ化したとき蚕はごく小さな蠕虫状であるが、たった１カ月余り後に、雌の蛾は繭から出て、交尾し、卵を産み、死亡する。","Just over one month after hatching as a tiny, wormlike caterpillar, the female moth will emerge from the cocoon, mate, lay her eggs, and die. "]
[815,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","工芸・美術品","福嶋式桑刻機","ふくしましきくわこくき","Fukushima Mulberry Shredder ","福嶋式桑刻機は単純な機械なのに、この道具の開発が、日本の養蚕産業、そして日本の経済全体に影響を与えた。","Although the Fukushima Mulberry Shredder is a simple machine, it changed the Japanese sericulture industry and Japan’s economy as a whole."]
[816,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","動物","ふ化する","ふかする","hatch","卵がふ化した後、蚕はカゴの中で桑の葉を食べて、残りの生涯を過ごすことになる。","After they hatch, the silkworms will spend the rest of their lives eating mulberry leaves in the trays."]
[817,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","ズウ拾い","ずうひろい","process of picking silkworms out from their immature peers","この段階の蚕は、ズウと呼ばれる。未成熟な他の蚕からズウを選び出す工程は、ズウ拾い（文字通り「準備ができた蚕を拾い上げる」ことを意味する）と呼ばれる。","At this stage, the silkworms are called zū. The process of picking them out from their immature peers is called zūhiroi, which literally means “picking up the ready silkworms.”"]
[818,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","マブシ","まぶし","special structure for spinning","蚕が繭を作れるようになったら、マブシと呼ばれる特別の骨組みに置かれる。","Once a silkworm is ready to spin a cocoon, it is transferred to a special structure for spinning called a mabushi."]
[819,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","湿度計","しつどけい","hygrometer","清水金左衛門（１８２３～１８８８年）は１８７３年、養蚕に特化した湿度計を発明した。","Shimizu Kinzaemon (1823–1888), invented the sericulture-specific hygrometer in 1873. "]
[820,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","建造物等","養蚕学校","ようさんがっこう","sericulture school","高山長五郎（１８３０～１８８６年）は１８００年代後期、養蚕学校を建設するため、高山家先祖伝来の家の大部分を取り壊した。","Takayama Chōgorō (1830–1886) tore down most of his ancestral home to build his sericulture school in the late 1800s. "]
[821,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","祈祷札","きとうふだ","protective talisman","扉の隣に一番奥に留められた祈祷札（お守りの護符）一式のうち一番下にあったものは、将軍徳川綱吉（１６４６～１７０９年）が統治した時代にまで溯る。","The innermost kitōfuda (protective talisman) tacked next to the doors dates back to the reign of shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1646–1709)."]
[822,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","建造物等","羽目板","はめいた","wainscoting","考古学者は、長屋門西側の部屋において、ある羽目板の裏の１本の木柱に落書きを発見した。","In the rooms on the west side of Nagayamon Gate, archaeologists found graffiti scribbled on one of the wooden pillars behind some wainscoting."]
[823,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","落書き","らくがき","graffiti","考古学者は、長屋門西側の部屋において、ある羽目板の裏の１本の木柱に落書きを発見した。","In the rooms on the west side of Nagayamon Gate, archaeologists found graffiti scribbled on one of the wooden pillars behind some wainscoting."]
[824,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","工芸・美術品","生糸","きいと","raw silk","高山社は教師を大日本帝国領の至る所に派遣し、１９００年代初期には、日本は世界の生糸生産のおよそ６０～７０パーセントを占めていた。","The company sent its teachers throughout the Japanese Empire, and by the early 1900s, Japan was producing around 60 to 70 percent of the world’s raw silk. "]
[825,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","人物・人名・役職名","校長","こうちょう","headmaster","町田菊次郎（１８５０～１９１７年）は、この学校の初代校長であった。","Machida Kikujirō (1850–1917) was the school’s first headmaster. "]
[826,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","人物・人名・役職名","養蚕教師","ようさんきょうし","sericulture teachers ","高山社の最も優秀な卒業生は、養蚕の指導者（養蚕教師）になることを求められた。彼らは養蚕の手法と技術を広めるため、日本中に派遣された。","The most talented Takayama-sha graduates were asked to be sericulture teachers (yōsan kyōshi) and they were dispatched across Japan to spread sericulture techniques and technology."]
[827,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","組織・団体","養蚕改良競進社","ようさんかいりょうきょうしんしゃ","Silkworm Production Improvement Competitive Company","１８７７年、九蔵は賛同する仲間を集めて組織を結成し、のちに養蚕改良競進社（概して、蚕の生産を改良し競争する会社を意味する）となった。","In 1877 Kuzō assembled a group of like-minded colleagues to form the Yōsan Kairyō Kyōshin-sha, which roughly translates as the Silkworm Production Improvement Competitive Company. "]
[828,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","工芸・美術品","猟銃","りょうじゅう","hunting rifle","伝えによると、彼は猟銃で狙い撃ちされたことがあるという。","In his early years, skeptics accused him of witchcraft, and he was supposedly shot at with a hunting rifle. "]
[829,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","その他","最先端の施設","さいせんたんのしせつ","state-of-the-art facility","この工場は、蒸気機関や製糸機械などの西洋技術を取り入れた、当時では最先端の施設であった。これらの技術は、フランス人の絹専門家ポール・ブリューナ（１８４０～１９０８年）によってフランスから持ち込まれ、据え付けられ、運用された。","The mill was a state-of-the-art facility for the time, incorporating Western technology that included a steam engine and reeling equipment brought from France and installed and operated by French silk expert Paul Brunat (1840–1908)."]
[830,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","乗物","蒸気機関","じょうききかん","steam engine","この工場は、蒸気機関や製糸機械などの西洋技術を取り入れた、当時では最先端の施設であった。これらの技術は、フランス人の絹専門家ポール・ブリューナ（１８４０～１９０８年）によってフランスから持ち込まれ、据え付けられ、運用された。","The mill was a state-of-the-art facility for the time, incorporating Western technology that included a steam engine and reeling equipment brought from France and installed and operated by French silk expert Paul Brunat (1840–1908)."]
[831,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","建造物等","糸取り工場","いととりこうじょう","reeling mill","新しい最先端の糸取り工場が、１８７２年、群馬県の富岡に建設された。日本の「絹革命」が始まっていた。","In 1872, a new state-of-the art reeling mill was constructed in Tomioka, Gunma Prefecture. Japan’s “Silk Revolution” had begun."]
[832,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","社会","絹革命","きぬかくめい","Silk Revolution","新しい最先端の糸取り工場が、１８７２年、群馬県の富岡に建設された。日本の「絹革命」が始まっていた。","In 1872, a new state-of-the art reeling mill was constructed in Tomioka, Gunma Prefecture. Japan’s “Silk Revolution” had begun."]
[833,"群馬県 ","藤岡市文化財保護課","建造物等","棟","むね","ridge","湿度、温度、換気の調整を容易にするため、床には火鉢が、屋根の棟には小さな高窓が組み込まれた。","To make it easier to control humidity, temperature, and ventilation, braziers were built into the floor and small monitor roofs were built into the ridge of the roof"]
[834,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","工芸・美術品","生糸","きいと","raw silk","20世紀初頭までに、日本は世界で最大の絹生産国となり、市場の生糸の60％近くを生産していました。","By the early twentieth century, Japan was the largest producer of silk in the world, producing almost 60% of all raw silk. "]
[835,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","動物","繭","まゆ","cocoons","養蚕業者が仕切りのついた小さな四角形の部屋を与えると、カイコは中で繭を回転させ、約3日間かけて繭を完成させます。","Silkworm growers have the silkworms spin their cocoons in a lattice of small cubicles, a process which takes about three days."]
[836,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","工芸・美術品","きびそ","きびそ","waste silk, called frison,","その後、繭を擦って繊維をほぐし、きびそを取り除き、糸状になった絹の端を手または機械で引き出して繭をほどき始めます。","The waste silk, called frison, is removed, and the end of the silk filament is unraveled by hand or by machine. "]
[837,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","座繰り","ざぐり","hand-powered wooden spindles","ほとんどの絹の生産は世帯ごとに行われた。自分のカイコを育て、手動の木でできた座繰りでカイコの繭を縒っています。","Most silk production was done by single households; families raised their own silkworms and twisted the silkworm cocoons together on hand-powered wooden spindles."]
[838,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","軟化病","なんかびょう","bouffée flacherie","カイコの幼虫が繭に成長できなくなる原生動物の寄生虫に起因する「微粒子病」と、カイコの幼虫を弱らせる熱波に起因する「軟化病」など、同時に蔓延した病気がいくつかありました。","Although in the 1860s the European silk industry had far surpassed Japan technologically, the silkworm population in Europe was almost destroyed by two diseases: pébrine, an affliction caused by a fungal parasite that makes silkworm larva unable to spin cocoons, and bouffée flacherié, a non-infectious disease caused by exposure to extreme heat that causes the larvae to turn flaccid and die. "]
[839,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","清涼育","せいりょういく","seiryo-iku","彼の新しい技法は「清涼育」と呼ばれ、その方法を「養蚕新論」という本に詳述しました。","He called his technique seiryo-iku (literally, “chilled cultivation”) and wrote a book titled Yosan-shinron (New Theory of Sericulture) detailing his methods. "]
[840,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","建造物等","ヤグラ","やぐら","yagura","1863年に建てられ田島弥平の住居・蚕室には、「ヤグラ」と呼ばれる独自の設計がなされており、その最も注目すべき点は空気の流れを制御するため、開閉できる窓が並んでいる屋上棟頂部です。","Tajima Yahei’s residence and silkworm farm were built in 1863 and feature his own original architectural addition called a yagura. "]
[841,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","書物","著書","ちょしょ","copy","展示の1つに、昭和天皇と明治維新の主要人物である西郷隆盛が刻印した140年前の弥平の有名な著書があります。","One such artifact is a 140-year-old copy of Tajima’s famous book, Yosan Shinron, which was stamped by Emperor Meiji and Saigo Takamori, a key figure in the Meiji Restoration. "]
[842,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","動物","蚕種","かいこたね","silkworm egg","弥平の 革新の結果、島村は蚕種と繭の生産の繁栄の中心として着実に成長し、彼の親戚にあたる田島武平は繭の生産をさらに増やす賢い方法を思いつきました。","As a result of Tajima Yahei’s innovations, the Shimamura region steadily grew into a flourishing center of silkworm egg and cocoon production. "]
[843,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","世界一周","せかいいっしゅう","circumnavigating the globe","彼らは太平洋と大西洋を横切って東へと旅し、帰路はインド洋を通ってさらに東へ行き、世界一周しました。 ","They traveled east across the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, and on their return journey continued east through the Indian Ocean, circumnavigating the globe. "]
[844,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","工芸・美術品","製糸機","せいしき"," reeling machine","ポール・ブリューナはフランス製の製糸機と蒸気機関を輸入しました。","The government asked him to import a French-made reeling machine and steam power generator for the mill. "]
[845,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","乗物","蒸気機関","じょうききかん","the steam engine","また、政府は西洋の技術を採用することで近代化を模索し、フランスから動力を与える蒸気機関と最初となる製糸機械を輸入しました。","The government also sought to adopt Western technology and imported a silk reeling machine from France, along with the steam engine that powered it. "]
[846,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","史跡","養蚕農場","ようさんのうじょう","sericulture farm","まず、田島弥平氏の養蚕農場をはじめとする大規模で成功した蚕種・繭産業があり、第二に必要な水源を提供する鏑川の隣に工場を建設することができ、第三に炭鉱のエネルギー需要を満たすことができる2つの石炭鉱山町、高崎と芳井が近くにありました。","Tomioka was selected for its three major advantages: first, the region already had a large and successful silkworm egg and cocoon industry, including Tajima Yahei’s sericulture farm. Second, there were two nearby coal-mining towns, Takasaki and Yoshii, that could supply coal. "]
[847,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","芸能・興行・イベント","漢文","かんぶん","Chinese classics","栄一の従兄である尾高惇忠の指導のもと、漢文を勉強することで、企業利益よりも社会福祉を重視するという永遠の原則を育みました。","Eichi studied the Chinese classics under the guidance of his cousin, Odaku Junchu, which fostered his lifelong principle of valuing social welfare over company profits. "]
[848,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","財界","ざいかい","financial industry.","そのうちの一つは、渋沢が財界の主要人物であったことから、日本の紙幣に印刷される肖像画の候補になった時の資料です。","One display shows examples of a modern proposal to print Eiichi’s likeness on Japanese currency in recognition of his important role in the financial industry. "]
[849,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","人物・人名・役職名","名主","みょうしゅ","myoshu, or village headmen,","尾高惇忠(1830–1901)は江戸時代に名主または村主を務めた家の子として、現在の深谷市に生まれました。","Odaka Junchu (1830–1901) was born in Fukaya to a family that served as myoshu, or village headmen, during the Edo period. "]
[850,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","人物・人名・役職名","工女","こうじょ","“factory girls”","これにより工場で働きたい女性が日本全国から集まり、一時期400人の女性工員が雇用されました。","Women from all over Japan found work at the mill, and at one point over 400 “factory girls” were employed there."]
[851,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","史跡","養蚕学校","ようさんがっこう","sericulture schools","2つの養蚕学校は、新しいが類似した蚕を育てる技法を促進し、それを変えるのを支えました。","Two sericulture schools, each of which promoted new techniques for silkworm rearing, helped educate the new generation of silkworm farmers and push silk production to the fore of the Meiji industrial era. "]
[852,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","清温育","せいおんいく","seion-iku","長五郎は彼の新しい方法を「清温育」と呼び、学んだことを隣人たちと自由に分かち合いました。","Chogoro combined the names of these two methods, calling his new approach seion-iku, and he shared his knowledge freely with his neighbors. "]
[853,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","桑の茂みの森","くわのしげみのもり","a mulberry bush grove","屋外には駐車場、桑の茂みの森、高山長五郎の像、高山社に通じる川沿いの遊歩道があります。","Outside is a parking lot, a mulberry bush grove, a statue of Takayama Chogoro and a riverside promenade that leads to the old Takayama-sha building. "]
[854,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","一派温暖育","いっぱおんだんいく","ippa ondan-iku","兄弟は互いの研究情報を共有し、九蔵は「一派温暖育」と呼ばれる技術で、長五郎の技術と似ているがより温度管理に重点を置いている技術を開発しました。","The brothers shared their research information with each other, and Kuzo developed a technique he called ippa ondan-iku that was similar to Chogoro’s but allowed greater control of the temperature around the silkworms."]
[855,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","工芸・美術品","蚕卵紙","さんらんし","egg cards","荒船風穴が存在している間、これは日本で建設された最大の天然冷蔵施設で、100万枚以上の蚕卵紙を保存することができました。","While Arafune Cold Storage existed, it was the largest natural cold storage facility ever built in Japan and could store over a million egg cards. "]
[856,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","食","ねぎ","ねぎ","green onion","館内には町の最大の特産品である「下仁田ねぎ」で知られるねぎの一種の展示があるが、館内の大部分は荒船風穴の歴史に特化しています。","Although the museum contains displays of the town’s most popular export—a type of green onion called “Shimonita Negi”—most of the museum is dedicated to the history of the Arafune Cold Storage. "]
[857,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","建造物等","製糸工場","せいしこうじょう","reeling factories","日本の絹の需要は着実に減少し、日本の養蚕業者や製糸工場は閉鎖され始めました。","In the postwar period, the demand for Japanese silk steadily declined, forcing silkworm farmers and reeling factories in Japan to shut down."]
[858,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","建造物等","繭倉庫","まゆそうこ","cocoon warehouses","記念館は、工場の2つの古い繭倉庫を改装した建物の中に建てられています。","The museum is housed in the renovated remains of two of the factory’s old cocoon warehouses. "]
[859,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","組織・団体","農業協同組合","のうぎょうきょうどうくみあい","farmer cooperative","工場が廃業する危険にさらされた1959年には、農業協同組合に買い取られました。","By 1959, this factory was in danger of going out of business, and it was purchased by a farmer cooperative. "]
[860,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","工芸・美術品","玉繭","たままゆ","those that contain multiple pupae","経験豊富な工場労働者は、傷や玉繭、穴のある繭をすばやく素早く取り除きます。","Experienced factory workers deftly remove cocoons with blemishes, holes, or those that contain multiple pupae. "]
[861,"群馬県・埼玉県","上武絹の道事業企画会議","その他","絹産業","きぬさんぎょう","the silk industry","今では世界の絹貿易を支配していないが、上武地域は絹産業の発展にとって世界的に重要な場所であり続けています。","Although it no longer dominates the world silk trade, the Jobu region will continue to have an important place in world history for its innovation in the silk industry. "]
[862,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","山岳","森林限界","しんりんげんかい","tree line","この岩に含まれる鉱物は植物の成長を助けないため、至仏山の森林限界はこの地域の他の山よりもずっと低い位置にあります。","The minerals in this rock are not conducive to plant growth, so Mt. Shibutsu’s tree line is much lower than that of other mountains in this area."]
[863,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","ハイマツ","はいまつ","dwarf pine","地表はほとんど岩だらけになり、厳しい環境でも生育できるハイマツなどの植物が点在しています。","The surface becomes largely rocky and dotted with dwarf pine and other plants that manage to grow in difficult circumstances. "]
[864,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","岩石・洞窟","蛇紋岩","じゃもんがん","serpentinite rock","この山の蛇紋岩に含まれる鉱物は植物の成長の助けとならないため、この場所の植物は厳しい条件の中で生き延びています。","The plants here manage to survive in difficult conditions, as the minerals in the serpentinite rock of the mountain are not conducive to growth."]
[865,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","高原・湿原・原野","泥炭湿地","でいたんしっち","peat moor","この窪地は、現在の色とりどりの多様な野花を含む湿地植物の広大な生育地である泥炭湿原へと徐々に発達しました。","This gradually evolved into the peat moor that is now home to expansive fields of marsh plants, including a variety of colorful wildflowers."]
[866,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","リュウキンカ","りゅうきんか","marsh marigold","その後、リュウキンカが明るい黄色の色彩を景色に加えます。","Later, marsh marigolds add their golden yellow hues to the landscape."]
[867,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","ワタスゲ","わたすげ","cottonsedge (eriophorum)","7月には湿原はワタスゲで白くなり、その後ニッコウキスゲの花が咲くと明るい黄色に変わります。","In July the marshes turn white with the fluff of cottonsedge (eriophorum), then shift to bright yellow when the day lilies bloom later in the month."]
[868,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","ニッコウキスゲ","にっこうきすげ","dayliliy or Nikko kisuge (Hemerocallis esculenta) ","7月中旬に明るい黄色がかったオレンジ色の花を咲かせるニッコウキスゲ（Hemerocallis esculenta）も、訪れる人々に根強い人気があります。"," The bright yellow-orange daylily called Nikko kisuge (Hemerocallis esculenta) is also a perennial favorite for visitors, appearing in mid-July."]
[869,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","山岳","楯状火山","たてじょうかざん","shield-volcano formation","これらの山から噴出した粘度が低い溶岩流は、その姿が表を上に向けて地面に置かれた戦士の盾に似ていることから「楯状火山」と呼ばれる幅広く浅い地形を作り出しました。","The lava flow from these mountains was of low viscosity, creating broad and shallow shield-volcano formations, so called because they look like a warrior’s shield laid on the ground face-up."]
[870,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","湖沼","池塘","ちとう","bog pool","1,800以上存在する池塘の大きさは直径2メートルから100メートル以上、深さも数十センチから3メートル以上と様々です。","There are over 1,800 bog pools, ranging from 2 to over 100 meters in diameter, with depths from around 10 centimeters to over 3 meters."]
[871,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","渡り鳥","わたりどり","migratory bird","2005年11月、尾瀬は渡り鳥の湿地生息地としての重要性が認められ、ラムサール条約湿地として登録されました。","In November 2005, Oze was registered as a Ramsar Convention site, in recognition of its importance as a wetland habitat for migratory birds."]
[872,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","オオシラビソ","おおしらびそ","Maries fir (Abies mariesii) ","標高1,600メートル付近では、オオシラビソとオゼトウヒなどの針葉樹がより豊富に見られます。","At altitudes over 1,600 meters, coniferous trees such as Maries fir (Abies mariesii) and spruce (Picea jezoensis subsp. hondoensis) are more plentiful."]
[873,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","オゼトウヒ","おぜとうひ","spruce (Picea jezoensis subsp. hondoensis)","標高1,600メートル付近では、オオシラビソとオゼトウヒなどの針葉樹がより豊富に見られます。","At altitudes over 1,600 meters, coniferous trees such as Maries fir (Abies mariesii) and spruce (Picea jezoensis subsp. hondoensis) are more plentiful."]
[874,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","オゼソウ","おぜそう","ozeso (Japonolirion osense),","至仏山でも育つ植物に、尾瀬にちなんで名付けられたオゼソウがあります。","Mt. Shibutsu is ozeso (Japonolirion osense), which takes its name from Oze. "]
[875,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","カトウハコベ","かとうはこべ","Arenaria katoana","オゼソウはカトウハコベやホソバヒナウスユキソウと共に、「蛇紋岩植物」と呼ばれています。","This, along with Arenaria katoana and Leontopodium fauriei var. angustifolium , are recognized as serpentinite-persistent plants. "]
[876,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","ホソバヒナウスユキソウ","ほそばひなうゆきそう","Leontopodium fauriei var. angustifolium ","オゼソウはカトウハコベやホソバヒナウスユキソウと共に、「蛇紋岩植物」と呼ばれています。","This, along with Arenaria katoana and Leontopodium fauriei var. angustifolium , are recognized as serpentinite-persistent plants. "]
[877,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","蛇紋岩植物","じゃもんがんしょくぶつ","serpentinite-persistent plant","オゼソウはカトウハコベやホソバヒナウスユキソウと共に、「蛇紋岩植物」と呼ばれています。","This, along with Arenaria katoana and Leontopodium fauriei var. angustifolium , are recognized as serpentinite-persistent plants. "]
[878,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","植物","ミズバショウ","みずばしょう","Mizubasho, or Asian skunk cabbage (Lysichiton camtschatcense)","ミズバショウが最初に姿を現し、5月下旬から6月中旬にかけて湿原の多くの場所を白く覆います。","Mizubasho, or Asian skunk cabbage (Lysichiton camtschatcense) is the first to make its appearance, covering many parts of the marshes in white from late May to mid-June. "]
[879,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","ツキノワグマ","つきのわぐま","Asian black bear （Ursus thibetanus）","ツキノワグマは中型で主に草食性です。","The Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus), is medium sized and largely herbivorous ."]
[880,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","ホオアカ","ほおあか"," chestnut-eared bunting (Emberiza fucata)","湿原ではホオアカ、カルガモ、オオジシギを見つけることができます。","The chestnut-eared bunting (Emberiza fucata), Indian spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha), and Latham’s snipe (Gallinago hardwickii) can be spotted in the marshes. "]
[881,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","カルガモ","かるがも","Indian spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha)","湿原ではホオアカ、カルガモ、オオジシギを見つけることができます。","The chestnut-eared bunting (Emberiza fucata), Indian spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha), and Latham’s snipe (Gallinago hardwickii) can be spotted in the marshes. "]
[882,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","オオジシギ","おおじしぎ","Latham’s snipe (Gallinago hardwickii)","湿原ではホオアカ、カルガモ、オオジシギを見つけることができます。","The chestnut-eared bunting (Emberiza fucata), Indian spot-billed duck (Anas poecilorhyncha), and Latham’s snipe (Gallinago hardwickii) can be spotted in the marshes. "]
[883,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","アカゲラ","あかげら","Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major)","森にはアカゲラ、キビタキ、その美しい歌声からかつてはジャパニーズ・ナイチンゲールと呼ばれたウグイスがいます。","The forests shelter the Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), the narcissus flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina), and the bush warbler (Horornis diphone), once called the Japanese nightingale for the beauty of its song. "]
[884,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","キビタキ","きびたき"," narcissus flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina)","森にはアカゲラ、キビタキ、その美しい歌声からかつてはジャパニーズ・ナイチンゲールと呼ばれたウグイスがいます。","The forests shelter the Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), the narcissus flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina), and the bush warbler (Horornis diphone), once called the Japanese nightingale for the beauty of its song. "]
[885,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","ウグイス","うぐいす","bush warbler (Horornis diphone)","森にはアカゲラ、キビタキ、その美しい歌声からかつてはジャパニーズ・ナイチンゲールと呼ばれたウグイスがいます。","The forests shelter the Great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major), the narcissus flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina), and the bush warbler (Horornis diphone), once called the Japanese nightingale for the beauty of its song. "]
[886,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","イワヒバリ","いわひばり","alpine accentor (Prunella collaris)","標高が高く岩の多い地域では、イワヒバリとホシガラスが見られます。","The alpine accentor (Prunella collaris) and the spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) can be found in rocky areas at the higher altitudes."]
[887,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","ホシガラス","ほしがらす","spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) ","標高が高く岩の多い地域では、イワヒバリとホシガラスが見られます。","The alpine accentor (Prunella collaris) and the spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) can be found in rocky areas at the higher altitudes."]
[888,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","ヤマアカガエル","やまあかがえる","Montane brown frog (Rana ornativentris)","公園内には沼と川の上にかかった木道からしばしば見つけることができる日本固有のヤマアカガエルやアカハライモリなど、9種の両生類が住んでいます。トウホクサンショウウオのように、より見つけにくい種もいます。","Nine species of amphibians live in the park, including the Montane brown frog (Rana ornativentris), which is endemic to Japan, and the Japanese fire belly newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster), often spotted from the boardwalks over the ponds and rivers. Others, like the Tohoku salamander (Hynobius lichenatus), are more difficult to spot."]
[889,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","アカハライモリ","あかはらいもり","Japanese fire belly newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster)","公園内には沼と川の上にかかった木道からしばしば見つけることができる日本固有のヤマアカガエルやアカハライモリなど、9種の両生類が住んでいます。トウホクサンショウウオのように、より見つけにくい種もいます。","Nine species of amphibians live in the park, including the Montane brown frog (Rana ornativentris), which is endemic to Japan, and the Japanese fire belly newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster), often spotted from the boardwalks over the ponds and rivers. Others, like the Tohoku salamander (Hynobius lichenatus), are more difficult to spot."]
[890,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","トウホクサンショウウオ","とうほくさんしょううお","Tohoku salamander (Hynobius lichenatus)","公園内には沼と川の上にかかった木道からしばしば見つけることができる日本固有のヤマアカガエルやアカハライモリなど、9種の両生類が住んでいます。トウホクサンショウウオのように、より見つけにくい種もいます。","Nine species of amphibians live in the park, including the Montane brown frog (Rana ornativentris), which is endemic to Japan, and the Japanese fire belly newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster), often spotted from the boardwalks over the ponds and rivers. Others, like the Tohoku salamander (Hynobius lichenatus), are more difficult to spot."]
[891,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","イトトンボ","いととんぼ","damselfly (Zygoptera)","イトトンボ、ハッチョウトンボ、キアゲハなど、寒い地域にしか住まないトンボや、標高の高い場所を好むチョウも生息しています。","These include dragonflies that only inhabit cold areas and butterflies that prefer high altitudes. Among them are the damselfly (Zygoptera), the scarlet dwarf or pygmy dragonfly (Nannophya pygmaea), and the Old World swallowtail butterfly (Papilio machaon)."]
[892,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","ハッチョウトンボ","はっちょうとんぼ","scarlet dwarf or pygmy dragonfly (Nannophya pygmaea)","イトトンボ、ハッチョウトンボ、キアゲハなど、寒い地域にしか住まないトンボや、標高の高い場所を好むチョウも生息しています。","These include dragonflies that only inhabit cold areas and butterflies that prefer high altitudes. Among them are the damselfly (Zygoptera), the scarlet dwarf or pygmy dragonfly (Nannophya pygmaea), and the Old World swallowtail butterfly (Papilio machaon)."]
[893,"群馬県","（尾瀬国立公園）群馬県","動物","キアゲハ","きあげは","Old World swallowtail butterfly (Papilio machaon)","イトトンボ、ハッチョウトンボ、キアゲハなど、寒い地域にしか住まないトンボや、標高の高い場所を好むチョウも生息しています。","These include dragonflies that only inhabit cold areas and butterflies that prefer high altitudes. Among them are the damselfly (Zygoptera), the scarlet dwarf or pygmy dragonfly (Nannophya pygmaea), and the Old World swallowtail butterfly (Papilio machaon)."]
[894,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","集落・街","大宮盆栽村","おおみやぼんさいむら","Omiya Bonsai Village","1923年の関東大震災による広範な火災や破壊のあと、多くの盆栽家たちはますます首都からの脱出に躍起となり、1925年に大宮盆栽村が今日の場所に設けられました。","Following the widespread fires and destruction of the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923, many bonsai artisans were even more eager to move away from the capital, and in 1925 Omiya Bonsai Village was established where it remains today.","※「大宮盆栽村」の対訳"]
[895,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","世界盆栽大会","せかいぼんさいたいかい","World Bonsai Convention","1989年に大宮で初めて開かれた世界盆栽大会は、4年ごとに世界の異なる都市で盆栽ファンたちを集めており、これまでに米国・ドイツ・中国その他の国々で主催されてきました。","The World Bonsai Convention, first held in Omiya in 1989, draws enthusiasts in a different world city every four years and has been hosted by the United States, Germany, China, and other nations.","※「世界盆栽大会」の対訳"]
[896,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","テーマ施設等","盆栽園","ぼんさいえん","bonsai-en","大宮盆栽村の盆栽園は日本の盆栽文化の中心にあり、世代を越えて受け継がれた栽培技術を生きたまま保ちつつ、盆栽技術に少しずつ新風も吹き込んでいます。","The bonsai gardens or nurseries (bonsai-en) of Omiya Bonsai Village are at the heart of Japan’s bonsai culture, keeping alive cultivation techniques handed down through generations while supporting subtle innovations."]
[897,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","松柏","しょうはく","shohaku","藤樹園にある約2,000の盆栽は、常緑樹の松柏の亜種（杜松、五葉松など）であり、初心者が所有・栽培するのに十分強くたくましい品種です。","The roughly 2,000 trees at Toju-en are of the evergreen shohaku variety (such as junipers and Japanese white pine), which are strong and sturdy enough for beginners to own and cultivate."]
[898,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","五葉松","ごようまつ","goyomatsu","ここでは約75の品種が栽培されており、重点が置かれているのは五葉松です。","Among the roughly 75 species cultivated here, a strong focus is on goyomatsu pines."]
[899,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","建造物等","床の間","とこのま","tokonoma","蔓青園の敷地には、茶会の美学を踏まえて設計された現代風数寄屋があり、床の間やその他の場所に飾られた盆栽を観ることができます。","On the grounds of Mansei-en is a modern cottage designed with a tea ceremony aesthetic in mind, where bonsai can be seen installed in a tokonoma alcove and elsewhere."]
[900,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","雑木","ぞうき","zoki","現在その庭園は彼の息子が運営し、季節毎に姿を変える雑木と寄せ植え盆栽（森の景色を思わせるようひとまとまりにされた盆栽）を毎日手入れしています。","The garden is now run by his son, who each day tends the rows of zoki trees, whose appearance changes with the seasons, and yoseue plantings (group bonsai arranged to convey the sense of a forest scene)."]
[901,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","寄せ植え","よせうえ","yoseue","現在その庭園は彼の息子が運営し、季節毎に姿を変える雑木と寄せ植え盆栽（森の景色を思わせるようひとまとまりにされた盆栽）を毎日手入れしています。","The garden is now run by his son, who each day tends the rows of  trees, zoki whose appearance changes with the seasons, and yoseue plantings (group bonsai arranged to convey the sense of a forest scene)."]
[902,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","真柏","しんぱく","shinpaku (Japanese juniper)","小ぶりな盆栽は買い求めやすい価格で、訪問客の購入用には頑丈な真柏（日本の真柏）がお勧めとのことです。","Smaller bonsai are accessibly priced, with hardy shinpaku (Japanese juniper) recommended for visitors to purchase."]
[903,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","岩石・洞窟","水石","すいせき","suiseki","パネルには、使用される樹木の種類、それらが「作り込まれていく」いく造形、盆栽鑑賞を楽しむにはどうすればいいかなどの情報、そして水石と呼ばれる岩のような装飾用の石など、関わりのある道具に関しての情報を学ぶことができます。","The panels introduce the types of trees used; the shapes they are “sculpted” to achieve; key details such as what to examine while viewing a bonsai; and information about related objects such as rock-like decorative stones called suiseki."]
[904,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","建造物等","座敷飾り","ざしきかざり","zashiki-kazari","その次にあるのは、3つの座敷飾り部屋です。このように、伝統的な日本の内装で盆栽がどのように飾られるのかを見られるのは、世界でここだけです。","Next are the three zashiki-kazari rooms; the world’s only exhibit showing how bonsai are displayed within traditional Japanese interiors."]
[905,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","盆栽","ぼんさい","bonsai","盆栽という言葉は二文字の漢字で成り立っています。一つ目の漢字である「盆」は「おぼん」や「お皿」を意味し、二つ目の漢字である「栽」は「木」を意味します。つまり、これら二つを合わせると「浅い鉢に植えられた木」という意味になります。","Bonsai is a Japanese term formed from two Chinese characters: the first reads as bon meaning “tray” or “dish,” while the second, pronounced sai, signifies “tree.” The word can thus be translated as “tree planted in a shallow pot.”","※盆栽の定義を説明する際にご参照ください。"]
[906,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","花もの","はなもの","hanamono","さらに、この二つの区分は木自体が自然に持つ特徴や盆栽としての栽培方針などによって細分化されています。例えば木自体の特徴としては花が咲くどうか（花もの）、実がなるかどうか（実もの）など、そして栽培方針としては枝を伸ばす方向などが区分の対象となります。","These are then further subdivided into categories defined by both natural characteristics, such as whether the tree bears flowers (called hanamono) or fruit (mimono), and choices made by the artisan when creating a work, such as the direction that branches grow."]
[907,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","実もの","みもの","mimono","さらに、この二つの区分は木自体が自然に持つ特徴や盆栽としての栽培方針などによって細分化されています。例えば木自体の特徴としては花が咲くどうか（花もの）、実がなるかどうか（実もの）など、そして栽培方針としては枝を伸ばす方向などが区分の対象となります。","These are then further subdivided into categories defined by both natural characteristics, such as whether the tree bears flowers (called hanamono) or fruit (mimono), and choices made by the artisan when creating a work, such as the direction that branches grow."]
[908,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","直幹","ちょっかん","chokkan","これらの樹形は2つとも上に向かって伸びるタイプです。典型的な盆栽の形で、マツ科の木で作られた盆栽でよく使われます。直幹（英：formal upright）では一つのまっすぐ上に伸びた幹を形成させていきます。一方、模様木(英：informal upright)では幹をS型の形で上に伸びるようにし、樹冠に向けて細くなるように仕立てていきます。","These two upright styles are archetypal bonsai shapes, often seen in bonsai created with trees from the pine family. Chokkan (“formal upright”) features a single straight, upright trunk, while moyo-gi (“informal upright”) is distinguished by a roughly S-shaped upright trunk that tapers as it grows upwards."]
[909,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","模様木","もようぎ","moyo-gi","これらの樹形は2つとも上に向かって伸びるタイプです。典型的な盆栽の形で、マツ科の木で作られた盆栽でよく使われます。直幹（英：formal upright）では一つのまっすぐ上に伸びた幹を形成させていきます。一方、模様木(英：informal upright)では幹をS型の形で上に伸びるようにし、樹冠に向けて細くなるように仕立てていきます。","These two upright styles are archetypal bonsai shapes, often seen in bonsai created with trees from the pine family. Chokkan (“formal upright”) features a single straight, upright trunk, while moyo-gi (“informal upright”) is distinguished by a roughly S-shaped upright trunk that tapers as it grows upwards."]
[910,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","吹き流し","ふきながし","fukinagashi","この二つの樹形は自然の過酷な一面を受け止める木を表現したものです。吹き流し（英：windswept）の盆栽のくねるような幹は強風に耐え忍ぶ木を思い起こさせます。懸崖（英：cascade）の盆栽も同様に、切り立った崖に垂れ下がる緊張感のある木を模したものです。","These two forms convey the notion of a tree persevering against nature’s harsher side. The angled trunk of the fukinagashi (“windswept”) style conjures up a tree battling a strong wind. Similarly, kengai (“cascade”) resembles a tree hanging dramatically down from a sheer cliff."]
[911,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","懸崖","けんがい","kengai","この二つの樹形は自然の過酷な一面を受け止める木を表現したものです。吹き流し（英：windswept）の盆栽のくねるような幹は強風に耐え忍ぶ木を思い起こさせます。懸崖（英：cascade）の盆栽も同様に、切り立った崖に垂れ下がる緊張感のある木を模したものです。","These two forms convey the notion of a tree persevering against nature’s harsher side. The angled trunk of the fukinagashi (“windswept”) style conjures up a tree battling a strong wind. Similarly, kengai (“cascade”) resembles a tree hanging dramatically down from a sheer cliff."]
[912,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","根連なり","ねつらなり","ne-tsuranari","根連なりとは一つの根から生えた複数の幹が根元でつながっている樹形で、それぞれの幹が互いに絡み合っているものもよく見られます。","Ne-tsuranari are bonsai with multiple ground-hugging trunks, often huddled together, that stem from a single root."]
[913,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","神","じん","jin","これは常緑の松柏に使う高度な技術です。枝や幹の芯をむき出しにした枯れ木を作ることで、風や雪、雷などにさらされた木の様子を表現します。この枯れ木になる部分が枝の場合は「神」、幹の場合は「舎利」と呼ばれます。","This advanced technique, applied to evergreen shohaku trees, involves creating naked deadwood on branches and trunks (jin and shari, respectively) to mimic the effects of a tree exposed to elements such as wind, snow, and lightning."]
[914,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","舎利","しゃり","shari","これは常緑の松柏に使う高度な技術です。枝や幹の芯をむき出しにした枯れ木を作ることで、風や雪、雷などにさらされた木の様子を表現します。この枯れ木になる部分が枝の場合は「神」、幹の場合は「舎利」と呼ばれます。","This advanced technique, applied to evergreen shohaku trees, involves creating naked deadwood on branches and trunks (jin and shari, respectively) to mimic the effects of a tree exposed to elements such as wind, snow, and lightning."]
[915,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","盆石","ぼんせき","bonseki","その他の特別展は、盆石（石と白い砂で作ったミニチュアの風景）などのテーマも紹介しています。","Other special exhibitions introduce themes such as bonseki (miniature landscapes created with stones and white sand)."]
[916,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","その他","行","ぎょう","gyo","3つの座敷飾りの部屋は、左から右へと順番に、今日の日本の部屋に見られる最も一般的な種類である、中ランクの行というスタイル、主に堅苦しくない、茶を出すためにデザインされた草というスタイル、そして最も格式があり、社会的地位の高い来客を想定した真というスタイルになっています。","From left to right, the three zashiki-kazari rooms are in the middle-ranked gyo style, which is the most common type of Japanese room seen today; the so style designed mainly for informal serving of tea; and the shin style, the most formal and intended for guests of high social status."]
[917,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","その他","草","そう","so","3つの座敷飾りの部屋は、左から右へと順番に、今日の日本の部屋に見られる最も一般的な種類である、中ランクの行というスタイル、主に堅苦しくない、茶を出すためにデザインされた草というスタイル、そして最も格式があり、社会的地位の高い来客を想定した真というスタイルになっています。","From left to right, the three zashiki-kazari rooms are in the middle-ranked gyo style, which is the most common type of Japanese room seen today; the so style designed mainly for informal serving of tea; and the shin style, the most formal and intended for guests of high social status."]
[918,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","その他","真","しん","shin","3つの座敷飾りの部屋は、左から右へと順番に、今日の日本の部屋に見られる最も一般的な種類である、中ランクの行というスタイル、主に堅苦しくない、茶を出すためにデザインされた草というスタイル、そして最も格式があり、社会的地位の高い来客を想定した真というスタイルになっています。","From left to right, the three zashiki-kazari rooms are in the middle-ranked gyo style, which is the most common type of Japanese room seen today; the so style designed mainly for informal serving of tea; and the shin style, the most formal and intended for guests of high social status."]
[919,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","建造物等","東屋","あずまや","azumaya","ここでは、美術館のコレクションの中から60前後の盆栽が、屋外の、舟形をした中央の池と静かな東屋（亭）もある優雅な日本風の庭の中に展示されています。","Here around 60 bonsai from the museum’s collection are displayed outdoors in an elegant Japanese-style garden replete with a boat-shaped central pond and a tranquil azumaya (arbor)."]
[920,"埼玉県","大宮盆栽多言語解説整備協議会","植物","貴重盆栽","きちょうぼんさい","kicho bonsai","この木は1980年代に日本盆栽協会によって貴重盆栽（文化的に重要な盆栽）第一号に認定されました。","This tree was named the very first kicho bonsai (Bonsai of Cultural Importance) by the Japanese Bonsai Association in the 1980s."]
[921,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","史跡","石碑","せきひ","stele","長野の岩尾城の遺跡で見つかった石碑には、少なくとも1525年からこの巡礼路を旅する巡礼者たちがいたことを示す文が刻まれている。","A stele discovered in the ruins of Iwao Castle, in Nagano, is inscribed with writing that indicates pilgrims have been traveling the route since at least 1525. "]
[922,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","柄杓","ひしゃく","ladle","柄杓を使って手を洗い、少量の水を左手に注ぎ、口の中をすすぐ。","Using the ladle, rinse each of your hands, then pour a small amount of water into your left hand and rinse the inside of your mouth."]
[923,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","賽銭箱","さいせんばこ","slatted offertory box","観音像が安置されている中心的な建物（本堂）に近づき、正面にあるすのこ状の賽銭箱に小銭を奉納する。","Approach the main hall (hondō) where the statue of Kannon is enshrined, and make a small donation by tossing money into the slatted offertory box in front. "]
[924,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","おいづる","おいづる","white, sleeveless jacket, or oizuru","今の巡礼者のほとんどは、巡礼装束一式を身にまとっていないが、多くの人は、「おいづる」と呼ばれる白い袖なしの外衣を着ている。","Though most modern pilgrims do not wear full white robes, many wear a white, sleeveless jacket called an oizuru."]
[925,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","建造物等","床の間","とこのま","decorative alcove (tokonoma) of the room ","このため、毎日、一日の終わりに杖の付け根を掃除し、夜には部屋の床の間に安置するのがならわしである。"," For this reason, it is customary to clean the base of the staff at the end of each day and set it in the decorative alcove (tokonoma) of the room at night."]
[926,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","岩石・洞窟","鍾乳石","しょうにゅうせき","stalactite formations","わずかな料金で、140メートルの距離の長さの曲がりくねった、狭い通路と鍾乳石を探索することができる。","For a small fee, visitors can explore its 140-meter length of twisting, narrow passages and stalactite formations. "]
[927,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","一炷","いっちゅう・いっしゅ","“one stick” ","1回の座禅は、「1本（一炷）」の間続くが、それは１本の線香が燃えるのにかかる時間で、通常は約40分である。","One session lasts for “one stick” (itchū), the time it takes for a single stick of incense to burn—typically about 40 minutes."]
[928,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","功徳","くどく","merit","仏教の教義において、この「功徳」は、単に善行を施したという意味にとどまらない。それは、輪廻転生（サンスクリット語：サムサラ）における人の運命に影響を与える可能性がある。","In Buddhist doctrine, this “merit” is more than just the sense of having done a good deed; it can affect a person’s fate in the cycle of death and rebirth (Sanskrit: samsara). "]
[929,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","食","蒟蒻","こんにゃく","konjak jelly or konjac jelly","精進料理の準備には時間がかかる。それは、肉の代替品を用意するのにかかる時間が含まれるからという理由も一部ある。料理に食感と栄養分を与えるため、生とうふ、細長い形の揚げ豆腐（油揚げ）、麩、餅、蒟蒻が使用される。","The preparation of shōjin ryōri is time-intensive, partly because of the labor involved in creating substitutes for meat: fresh tofu, fried tofu strips (aburaage), wheat gluten (fu), mochi, and konjak jelly are used to give texture and substance to dishes. "]
[930,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","建造物等","彫刻","ちょうこく","carvings","神社の正面（南）側には、無数の色彩豊かな彫刻で飾られている。","The front (south) side of the shrine is decorated with myriad colorful carvings."]
[931,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","笠鉾","かさぼこ","lantern-covered platforms carrying halberds that act as physical representations of the deities","6基の山車があり、そのうちの2基は、「花の日傘」（笠鉾）で、笠に差し込まれた鉾は依代とされ、提灯で覆われている。そして4基の屋台は、屋台囃子を乗せている。","The six floats include two “flower parasols” (kasaboko), lantern-covered platforms carrying halberds that act as physical representations of the deities, and four yatai floats, which carry musical ensembles. "]
[932,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","食","揚げ玉","あげだま","bits of fried tempura batter ","ずりあげうどんは、さいの目に切ったネギ、わかめ（海藻の一種）、かつお節、おろし生姜、ごま、天ぷらの衣を揚げた粒玉（揚げ玉）などの一般的なうどんのトッピングで食べられることが多い。","Zuriage udon is often eaten with standard udon toppings, such as diced scallions, wakame (a kind of seaweed), dried bonito flakes, grated ginger, sesame seeds, and bits of fried tempura batter (agedama). "]
[933,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","狛犬","こまいぬ","lion-dog guardian figures","今日、ほとんどの神社では、狛犬の代わりにオオカミの像が三峯神社への入り口を守っている。","Today, in place of the komainu (lion-dog guardian figures) at most shrines, statues of wolves guard the entry to Mitsumine Jinja Shrine instead."]
[934,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","女人結界","にょにんけっかい","“barred to women” ","修験道の多くの場所を「女性立入禁止（女人結界）」とするこの慣行は、明治初期（1868〜1912年）に廃止された。","This practice of treating many Shugendō sites as “barred to women” (nyonin kekkai) was abolished in the early years of the Meiji era (1868–1912)."]
[935,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","縁起の良い","えんぎのいい","auspicious","彫刻には、「二十四孝」（拝殿右側の欄干）や「西王母」（本殿の欄干）といった中国神話の人物のほか、龍や鶴などの縁起の良い動物が描かれている。","The carvings depict Chinese mythological figures such as the “24 Filial Exemplars” (on the right-side transom of the worship hall) and “Queen Mother of the West” (on the transom of the main sanctuary), as well as auspicious creatures like dragons and cranes."]
[936,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神籬","ひもろぎ","simple shrine","皇子はその後、この場所に「神籬」（文字通り「神に捧げる垣根」）と呼ばれる簡素な祠を立て、日本の第一代天皇と言い伝えられている神武天皇、神道の山の神の一人である大山祇神、神道における火の神である火産霊神を祀った","The prince established a simple shrine called a himorogi (literally, “divine fence”) at the site, dedicating it to Emperor Jinmu, Japan’s legendary first emperor; Ōyamazumi no Kami, one of the Shinto mountain deities; and Homusubi no Kami, the Shinto fire deity."]
[937,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","食","甘酒","あまざけ","a sweet, mildly alcoholic rice drink","温かい料理を販売する屋台が設営され、入場料の200円には、甘くてアルコール度の低い米酒である甘酒が一杯無料で付いてくる。","Food stalls with hot food are set up, and the ¥200 entry fee includes a free cup of amazake, a sweet, mildly alcoholic rice drink. "]
[938,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","郷土景観","水田","すいでん","wet rice cultivation \nor \npaddy field ","特に稲作ににおいて棚田は必要である。というのも、水田は一年の多くが水に浸かっていなければならないからである。","Having level ground is particularly necessary for wet rice cultivation, since the rice fields are flooded for part of the year. "]
[939,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","温泉","天地効果\n転地効果","てんちこうか","power of a change of scenery","これは「天地効果」と呼ばれている。","This is referred to as the “power of a change of scenery” (tenchi kōka). "]
[940,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","食","居酒屋","いざかや","Izaka, Japanese-style bars that serve small dishes to share over drinks　","みそポテトは、地元の居酒屋（お酒とそのつまみを提供する日本的なバー）で特に人気がある。 ","Miso-potato is particularly popular in local izakaya, Japanese-style bars that serve small dishes to share over drinks."]
[941,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","テーマ施設等","観光農園","かんこうのうえん","orchard park","秩父には多くの「観光農園」がある。それは、自然の中で新鮮な食材を手摘みし、様々な農業体験を楽しむための施設である。","In Chichibu there are many “orchard parks”—facilities where guests can enjoy hand-picked, farm-fresh food and various agricultural activities in a natural setting. "]
[942,"埼玉県","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）秩父地域多言語解説協議会","食","酒処","さけどころ","brewing town","秩父の水には理想的な割合のミネラルが含まれている。秩父ではさまざまな種類のアルコールが作られており、「酒処」としてのアイデンティティを誇っている。","Chichibu’s water contains an ideal ratio of mineral content for alcohol production, and a wide variety of different alcohols are made there. The city proudly embraces its identity as a sakedokoro, or “brewing town.” "]
[943,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","密教","みっきょう","esoteric Buddhism","成田山新勝寺は、密教真言宗智山派を主導する3つの寺院のうちのひとつ。多くの日本人にとっては、炎の儀式で知られている。","It is one of three leading temples of the Chisan sect of Reformed Shingon Buddhism, a school of esoteric Buddhism, which today for many Japanese is defined by its consecrated fire ritual. "]
[944,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","真言宗","しんごんしゅう","Shingon Buddhism","成田山新勝寺は、1000年以上の歴史を持つ「真言密教」の大本山である。","Naritasan Shinshoji is one of the main temples of Shingon Buddhism with a history dating back over 1,000 years. "]
[945,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山号","さんごう","sango\n","「成田山」とは、新勝寺の「山号」である。日本の仏教寺院は、山に建立されることが多かったため、寺院名の前に立地となる山の名前を冠されることがある。","“Naritasan” is the sango (the “mountain name” prefix; san means mountain) of Shinshoji Temple. Buddhist temples were often built on mountains, and it became common to prefix temple names with the name of the mountain on which they are located.","※the sango (the “mountain name” prefix; san means mountain)  などと、初出で意味の説明を加える"]
[946,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","空海","くうかい","Kukai","真言宗は、(日本で最も主要な仏教宗派のひとつで、9世紀に高僧・空海(弘法大師)によって中国から日本に伝わった。","Shingon Buddhism was brought back from China by the famous monk Kukai (Kobo Daishi) in the ninth century."]
[947,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","弘法大師","こうぼうだいし","Kobo Daishi","真言宗は、(日本で最も主要な仏教宗派のひとつで、9世紀に高僧・空海(弘法大師)によって中国から日本に伝わった。","Shingon Buddhism was brought back from China by the famous monk Kukai (Kobo Daishi) in the ninth century."]
[948,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","成田山新勝寺","なりたさんしんしょうじ","Naritasan Shinshoji Temple","この1861年に建立された額堂は、成田山新勝寺において2代目の額堂である。","Built in 1861, this is Naritasan Shinshoji Temple's second Gakudo. "]
[949,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","写経","しゃきょう","shakyo","1階には成田山の歴史展示と写経道場、2階は拝殿である。","On the first floor, there is an exhibition about the temple's history and a room for the practice of sutra copying (shakyo). The second floor is a prayer hall.","※sutra copying (shakyo)　と、初出で意味を併記する。"]
[950,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大本山","だいほんざん","main temple","成田山新勝寺は、1000年以上の歴史を持つ「真言密教」の大本山である。","Naritasan Shinshoji is one of the main temples of Shingon Buddhism with a history dating back over 1,000 years. "]
[951,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御護摩","おごま","Goma fire ritua","「護摩木」という薪をたいて祈りを捧げる、新勝寺の有名な御護摩祈祷が、不動明王の御前の護摩壇で毎日行われている。","Shinshoji’s famous Goma fire ritual, in which wooden Goma sticks are burned in prayer, is performed here daily before the Fudo Myoo altar.","※「Goma」は斜体\n※初出以降は「Goma」単体も可"]
[952,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","護摩木","ごまぎ","wooden Goma sticks","「護摩木」という薪をたいて祈りを捧げる、新勝寺の有名な御護摩祈祷が、不動明王の御前の護摩壇で毎日行われている。","Shinshoji’s famous Goma fire ritual, in which wooden Goma sticks are burned in prayer, is performed here daily before the Fudo Myoo altar.","※「Goma」は斜体\n※初出以降は「Goma」単体も可"]
[953,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","不動明王","ふどうみょうおう","Fudo Myoo","成田山新勝寺が1,000年以上前に開基されてから、不動明王(仏教の守護尊)を奉安している。","The Daihondo, Great Main Hall, of Shinshoji Temple was built in 1968 and houses a statue of Fudo Myoo, one of the guardian king deities of Buddhism, which the temple was founded to house over 1,000 years ago. ","※初出では、例文のように仏であること、どのような仏であるのかを述べるのが望ましい"]
[954,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","その他","十二支","じゅうにし","Chinese zodiac","門には十二支(Chinese zodiac)の絵が彫られており、これらの動物は12年周期の各年を象徴している。","The gate is carved with images of the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac. ","※初出では例文のように、「12の動物」であることを述べておくことが望ましい"]
[955,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","愛染明王","あいぜんみょうおう","Aizen Myoo","中央にいるのは、日本の密教で最高位の仏である大日如来、その両隣にいるのは、恐ろしい表情の不動明王と「愛に染まる」と書く愛染明王である。","The three Buddhas enshrined here are, in the center, Dainichi Nyorai, the supreme deity of Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, flanked on either side by the fierce Fudo Myoo and Aizen Myoo, whose name means “stained by love.”","※初出では例文のように、前後の文章で「deity」「buddha」であることを示す。"]
[956,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","大日如来","だいにちにょらい","Dainichi Nyorai","中央にいるのは、日本の密教で最高位の仏である大日如来、その両隣にいるのは、恐ろしい表情の不動明王と「愛に染まる」と書く愛染明王である。","The three Buddhas enshrined here are, in the center, Dainichi Nyorai, the supreme deity of Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, flanked on either side by the fierce Fudo Myoo and Aizen Myoo, whose name means “stained by love.”","※初出では例文のように、前後の文章で「deity」「buddha」であることを示す。"]
[957,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","五百羅漢","ごひゃくらかん","500 Rakan","周囲の板壁には、五百羅漢(悟りを開いた弟子)と親孝行で知られる模範となる24の人々(訳注：二十四孝)の、19世紀の緻密な彫刻がなされている。","On the outer walls of the hall are highly detailed carvings from the nineteenth century of 500 Rakan (disciples who have gained enlightenment), and the 24 paragons of filial piety.","※初出では例文のように、どのような存在(disciples who have gained enlightenment)であるのかを述べる"]
[958,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","書物","二十四孝","にじゅうしこう","24 paragons of filial piety","周囲の板壁には、五百羅漢(悟りを開いた弟子)と親孝行で知られる模範となる24の人々(訳注：二十四孝)の、19世紀の緻密な彫刻がなされている。","On the outer walls of the hall are highly detailed carvings from the nineteenth century of 500 Rakan (disciples who have gained enlightenment), and the 24 paragons of filial piety.","※初出では例文のように、どのような存在(disciples who have gained enlightenment)であるのかを述べる"]
[959,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仁王門","におうもん","Niomon, Guardian Kings Gate","仁王門\n重要文化財\nこの大きな八脚門には、猛々しい守護尊が四尊祀られ、境内を悪から守っている。","Niomon, Guardian Kings Gate\nImportant Cultural Property\nThe four fierce guardian deities enshrined in this massive, eight-pillar gate protect the temple grounds from evil.","※音と意味を併記する"]
[960,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","別当","べっとう","chief administrator","正面にある大きな額は、奈良にある東大寺の別当である高僧・道恕上人の筆であり、「成田山」と書かれている。","The large plaque at the front of the gate was written by the chief administrator of Todaiji Temple in Nara, High Priest Dojyo (1668–1732).The calligraphy reads Naritasan. "]
[961,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","薬師十二神将","やくしじゅうにしんしょう"," twelve Heavenly Generals","また、醫王殿では薬師十二神将が、苦しみの原因となる、あらゆる方面からの絶え間ない誘惑や心の迷いから薬師如来を守っている。","The twelve Heavenly Generals protect Yakushi Nyorai against the constant temptations and worries coming from all directions that lead to suffering."]
[962,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","薬師如来","やくしにょらい","Yakushi Nyorai","ご信徒の方々は何世代にもわたり、健康と長寿のため、薬と治癒の仏である薬師如来に祈りに成田山新勝寺へとやってきていた。","Generations of devotees have come to Naritasan Shinshoji Temple to pray to Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of medicine and healing, for good health and longevity. "]
[963,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","初代市川團十郎","しょだいいちかわだんじゅうろう","Danjuro Ichikawa I ","参拝者たちは、健康と長寿を薬師如来に祈るためここを訪れた。そのうちの一人、有名な歌舞伎役者である初代市川團十郎(1660–1704)は、子宝に恵まれず、江戸元禄期(1688-1704年)にこの場所で子授けを祈願したと言われている。","Worshippers came to pray to Yakushi Nyorai for good health and longevity, including the famous Kabuki actor Danjuro Ichikawa I (1660–1704), who in the Genroku period (1688–1704) is said to have prayed here for a child."]
[964,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","社会","元禄時代","げんろくじだい","Genroku period","光明堂の構造は、江戸時代初期(1603年–1868年)に栄えた元禄時代(1688–1704)の文化を象徴している。","The Komyodo is a fine example of the Genroku period (1688–1704), a luxurious culture often said to mark the high point of Edo period (1603–1867). ","※西暦の期間を、()書きなどで説明する\n※例文のように、江戸時代内の時代区分のひとつであることを説明してもよい"]
[965,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","芸能・興行・イベント","歌舞伎","かぶき","Kabuki","参拝者たちは、健康と長寿を薬師如来に祈るためここを訪れた。そのうちの一人、有名な歌舞伎役者である初代市川團十郎(1660–1704)は、子宝に恵まれず、江戸元禄期(1688-1704年)にこの場所で子授けを祈願したと言われている。","Worshippers came to pray to Yakushi Nyorai for good health and longevity, including the famous Kabuki actor Danjuro Ichikawa I (1660–1704), who in the Genroku period (1688–1704) is said to have prayed here for a child."]
[966,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","建造物等","茶室","ちゃしつ"," tea room ","園内には書道美術館、松尾芭蕉(1644–1694)や高浜虚子(1874–1959)など著名な文人たちの句碑、茶室「赤松庵」がある。","The park includes the Calligraphy Museum, haiku monuments to famous poets such as Matsuo Basho (1644–1694) and Takahama Kyoshi (1874–1959), and the tea room Sekishoan. "]
[967,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","松尾芭蕉","まつおばしょう","Matsuo Basho","園内には書道美術館、松尾芭蕉(1644–1694)や高浜虚子(1874–1959)など著名な文人たちの句碑、茶室「赤松庵」がある。","The park includes the Calligraphy Museum, haiku monuments to famous poets such as Matsuo Basho (1644–1694) and Takahama Kyoshi (1874–1959), and the tea room Sekishoan. "]
[968,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","高浜虚子","たかはまきょし","Takahama Kyoshi","園内には書道美術館、松尾芭蕉(1644–1694)や高浜虚子(1874–1959)など著名な文人たちの句碑、茶室「赤松庵」がある。","The park includes the Calligraphy Museum, haiku monuments to famous poets such as Matsuo Basho (1644–1694) and Takahama Kyoshi (1874–1959), and the tea room Sekishoan. "]
[969,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","坂上田村麻呂","さかのうえのたむらまろ","Sakanoue no Tamuramaro","宗吾霊堂、別名東勝寺は、700年代後半に将軍・坂上田村麻呂が戦没者供養のために建立したと言われる古寺である。","Sogo Reido, otherwise known as Toshoji Temple, is an ancient temple believed to have been constructed by general Sakanoue no Tamuramaro (758–811) in the late 700s to memorialize those killed during war. "]
[970,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","人物・人名・役職名","佐倉惣五郎","さくらそうごろう","Sakura Sogoro","約360年前に、「宗吾様」として知られる佐倉惣五郎(1605–1653)を祀ってから、その呼称が変わった。宗吾様は地域の長であり、貧困や飢餓から農民を救うために、当時の将軍(日本の軍事的独裁者であり支配者)に対し立ち上がった人物である。","Its popular name changed about 360 years ago when it enshrined Sakura Sogoro (1605–1653), also known as Sogo-sama, a rural headman who stood up to the shogun (military dictator and sovereign of Japan) of the time to save rural citizens from poverty and famine. "]
[971,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宗吾霊堂","そうごれいどう","Sogo Reido Sanctuary","宗吾霊堂\n宗吾霊堂、別名東勝寺は、700年代後半に将軍・坂上田村麻呂が戦没者供養のために建立したと言われる古寺である。","Sogo Reido Sanctuary\nSogo Reido, otherwise known as Toshoji Temple, is an ancient temple believed to have been constructed by general Sakanoue no Tamuramaro (758–811) in the late 700s to memorialize those killed during war.","※初出以降は「Sogo Reido」と省略することも可。"]
[972,"千葉県","成田観光仕事人会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","菩提寺","ぼだいじ","family temple","東勝寺は、佐倉惣五郎の菩提寺(family temple)で、彼は飢饉の際に、将軍に対して成田の人々のために減税を訴えた人として知られています。","Toshoji is the family temple of Sakura Sogoro (1605–1653), who is said to have been executed for appealing to the shogun for a reduction in taxes for the people of Narita during a famine."]
[973,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","松方コレクション","まつかたこれくしょん","Matsukata Collection","国立西洋美術館は、造船王にして美術品収集家の松方幸次郎（1866年－1950年）の名にちなむ松方コレクションを収蔵、展示するために設立されました。","The National Museum of Western Art was established to house and display the Matsukata Collection, named after shipbuilding magnate and art collector Matsukata Kojiro (1866–1950)."]
[974,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","その他","モダニズム","もだにずむ","Modernism","20世紀初頭に出現し、第二次世界大戦後に建築思潮を席巻したモダニズム思想の旗手、ル・コルビュジエは、","A pioneer of Modernism, a school of thought that emerged in the early 1900s and came to dominate architectural thinking after World War II..."]
[975,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","ピロティ","ぴろてぃ","pilotis","建築家ル・コルビュジエがピロティと呼ぶこの独自の方策は、彼の多くの建築物において基本的な特徴になっていて、NMWAを訪れるとその特徴を明確に見てとれます。","This distinctive solution, which Le Corbusier called pilotis, is a core feature in many of the architect’s buildings and clearly noticeable when visiting the NMWA."]
[976,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","モデュロール","もでゅろーる","modulor","人体に基づく調和のとれた尺度であるモデュロールは、ル・コルビュジエのもう一つのアイデアで、NMWAの建物全体を通じて採用されています。","The modulor, a scale of proportions based on the human body, is another of Le Corbusier’s ideas that is employed throughout the NMWA building."]
[977,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","延暦寺","えんりゃくじ","Enryakuji","延暦寺はかつてこの国で最も影響力のある仏教寺院でしたが、徳川幕府が出現する前の数十年に及ぶ戦乱期に破壊されました。","Enryakuji, once the most influential Buddhist institution in the country but destroyed in the war-ravaged decades before the emergence of the Tokugawa shogunate."]
[978,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本坊","ほんぼう","abbot's residence","本坊は当初1625年に完成し、これは寛永寺が開かれたと考えられている年です。","The abbot’s residence at Kan’eiji was completed in 1625, which is considered the year the temple was founded.","*「本坊」の対訳"]
[979,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","根本中堂","こんぽんちゅうどう","Konpon Chudo","寛永寺の根本中堂は350年以上前に建立されたものですが、1879年に現在の場所に移されました。","The Konpon Chudo or main hall of Kan’eiji Temple is a structure more than 350 years old, but has only stood on its current spot since 1879."]
[980,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天台宗","てんだいしゅう","Tendai school","本尊は最澄（767～822年）によって掘られたものとされており、彼は、寛永寺が属する天台宗派の開祖と信じられています。","The main statue of Buddha inside is said to have been carved by Saicho (767–822), the priest credited with founding the Tendai school of Buddhism to which Kan’eiji belongs."]
[981,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","千手観音","せんじゅかんのん","Senju Kannon","本堂の中に座す千手観音も京都の清水寺から運ばれたものです。","Housed within the hall is a seated statue of Senju Kannon, the thousand-armed bodhisattva of compassion, which also came from Kyoto’s Kiyomizu Temple."]
[982,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","子育観音","こそだてかんのん","Kosodate Kannon","子育て観音の像は毎日公開されており、新たに親になった人たちが子どもの誕生後に人形を捧げます。","Visible every day is a statue of Kosodate Kannon, the protector of children and childbirth, to whom new parents offer a doll after the birth of a child."]
[983,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五重の塔","ごじゅうのとう","five-storied pagoda","上野公園にある五重塔は1639年に建てられました。","The five-storied pagoda in Ueno Park was erected in 1639."]
[984,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","開山堂","かいさんどう","Kaisando Hall","現在では、天海（1536?～1643年）を祀る開山堂の前に建っています。天海は影響力のあった仏僧で、寛永寺の開祖また初代住職です。","It now stands in front of Kaisando Hall, which is dedicated to Tenkai (1536?–1643), the influential Buddhist priest who founded Kan’eiji and served as its first abbot."]
[985,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","東照大権現","とうしょうだいごんげん","Tosho Daigongen","上野東照宮は1603年から1867年まで日本を支配した徳川幕府を開いた徳川家康（1543–1616）を神道の神様、東照大権現（「偉大なる権現、東の光」）として祀っています。","Ueno Toshogu enshrines Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616), founder of the Tokugawa shogunate that ruled Japan from 1603 to 1867, as the Shinto deity Tosho Daigongen (“Great Gongen, Light of the East”)."]
[986,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","権現","ごんげん","gongen","権現という言葉は、神道の神様として顕現した仏陀という意味です。","The word gongen means a Buddha manifested as a Shinto deity."]
[987,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","社殿","しゃでん","shaden","上野東照宮のメインの建物（社殿）は、金箔、漆、そして多種多様な複雑な彫刻で凝った装飾が施されています。","The Ueno Toshogu Shrine main building (shaden) is elaborately decorated with gold leaf, lacquer, and a vast array of intricate sculptures."]
[988,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","権現造り","ごんげんずくり","gongen-zukuri","家光は拝殿と本殿が一つの屋根の下にあり、狭い廊下（石の間）で結ばれて、建物がアルファベットのHの形になる堂々たる権現造りで社殿を建て直させました。","Iemitsu had the main building reconstructed in the imposing gongen-zukuri style, in which a shrine’s worship hall (haiden) and main sanctuary (honden) are both under one roof, connected by a narrow corridor (ishi no ma) to form a building in the shape of the letter H."]
[989,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","動物","獅子","しし","shishi","その中には中国とインドの神話に登場する獅子と鳳凰（中国語ではフェンファン、日本語ではホーオー）といった生物や、昔から日本で縁起が良いと考えられてきた牡丹と松の木も含まれています。","These include creatures from Chinese and Indian mythology, such as guardian lions (shishi) and the phoenix (Ch. fenghuang; Jp. ho-o), as well as peonies and pine branches, long considered auspicious in Japan."]
[990,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","動物","鳳凰","ほうおう","ho-o","その中には中国とインドの神話に登場する獅子と鳳凰（中国語ではフェンファン、日本語ではホーオー）といった生物や、昔から日本で縁起が良いと考えられてきた牡丹と松の木も含まれています。","These include creatures from Chinese and Indian mythology, such as guardian lions (shishi) and the phoenix (Ch. fenghuang; Jp. ho-o), as well as peonies and pine branches, long considered auspicious in Japan."]
[991,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","動物","閑古鳥","かんこどり","kankodori","頭の赤いこの生物は中国の故事に由来する諫鼓鳥です。","This red-headed creature is a kankodori, whose origins can be traced back to a Chinese legend."]
[992,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","透塀","すきべい","sukibei","上野東照宮の装飾を施した「透ける」フェンス（透塀）は、神社のメインの建物（社殿）を取り囲み、神聖な建物を俗世から分離しています。","The ornate \"see-through\" fence (sukibei) at Ueno Toshogu surrounds the shrine’s main building (shaden), separating the sacred structure from the secular world."]
[993,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","徳川御三家","とくがわごさんけ","Tokugawa gosanke","1651年に寄進された49基の灯籠のうち、6基は唐門の横という栄誉ある場所を与えられています。尾張家、紀伊家、水戸家から2基ずつ寄進されたものです。これらは家康の直系である徳川「御三家」で、御三家は現在の将軍に後嗣ができなかった場合に次の将軍を輩出することになっていました。","Of the 49 lanterns donated in 1651, six were given pride of place flanking the Karamon Gate.  Two each were from the Owari, Kii, and Mito families—the Tokugawa gosanke or “three houses” that were descended directly from Ieyasu and would provide the next shogun should the current ruler fail to produce an heir."]
[994,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","集落・街","備前国","びぜんのくに","Bizen Province","酒井は、鳥居のために、遠く離れた備前国（現在の岡山県）から高品質の花崗岩を確保しており、出費を惜しみませんでした。","Sakai spared no expense, securing high-quality granite from faraway western Bizen Province (present-day Okayama Prefecture) for the torii."]
[995,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","食","飴","あめ","ame","駅のすぐ南に位置する闇市には、ハードキャンディー（日本の飴）を販売するいくつかの屋台がありました。","Located just south of the station, the market included a few stalls selling hard candy (ame in Japanese)."]
[996,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","集落・街","アメヤ横丁","あめやよこちょう","Ameya Yokocho","間もなく上野の闇市には数百軒の飴屋ができ、アメヤ横丁（「飴屋通り」）というニックネームの由来になりました。","The Ueno black market soon had hundreds of candy shops, which inspired the nickname Ameya Yokocho (“Candy Store Alley”)."]
[997,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","集落・街","アメリカ横丁","あめりかよこちょう","America Yokocho","米軍放出品の取引が行われるようになったことで、商店街はアメリカ横丁（「アメリカ通り」）と呼ばれるようになりました。","The trade in all things American led people to call the cluster of shops America Yokocho (“America Alley”)."]
[998,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","スカジャン","すかじゃん","sukajan","大熊商会にもゆうに半世紀以上の歴史があり、スカジャンを専門に扱っています。スカジャンは「souvenir jacket（お土産ジャケット）」とも呼ばれ、日本文化をステレオタイプ化して象徴する刺繍が施されています。初めて着用したのは、第二次大戦後に東京の南にある横須賀に駐留した米軍兵士たちでした。","Okuma Shokai, another store with well over half a century of history, specializes in sukajan—the “souvenir jackets” embroidered with stereotyped symbols of Japanese culture and first worn by American soldiers stationed in Yokosuka, south of Tokyo, after World War II."]
[999,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","朝顔まつり","あさがおまつり","Asagao Matsuri","毎年恒例の「入谷朝顔まつり（アサガオの祭り）」は、入谷地区にとって不可欠の行事であり、7月には3日間の開催期間中、最大40万人が参加します。","The annual Asagao Matsuri or Morning Glory Festival is a staple of the calendar in the Iriya neighborhood, attracting up to 400,000 people over its three-day run in July."]
[1000,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","植物","朝顔","あさがお","asagao","アサガオの日本語名の由来は、早朝に花を咲かせるところから来ています。","The asagao or Japanese morning glory is so named because it blooms in the early morning."]
[1001,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","鬼子母神","きしもじん","Kishimojin","日融は、鬼子母神（サンスクリット語の「ハーリティー」）を模した像を託されていました","The statue he had been entrusted with was a likeness of Kishimojin (Hariti in Sanskrit)."]
[1002,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","植物","菊","きく","kiku","日本の菊には長く特徴的な歴史があります。","The chrysanthemum (kiku) has a long and distinguished history in Japan."]
[1003,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","団子坂菊人形","だんござかのきくにんぎょう","Dangozaka no Kikuningyo","毎年恒例の谷中菊まつりも同様に、伝統行事「団子坂菊人形」を復活させるため、1984年に初開催された祭りです。","That is also true of the annual Yanaka Kiku Matsuri, a festival first held in 1984 to revive a traditional event called Dangozaka no Kikuningyo (“Chrysanthemum Dolls of Dangozaka”)."]
[1004,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","落語","らくご","rakugo","祭りの見どころは、幽霊をテーマにした絵画（幽霊画）の展示で、伝説的な落語（伝統的な口承文学）家である三遊亭圓朝（1839年〜1900年）の収集品からのものです。円朝の物語の多くは谷中を舞台にしています。","The highlight of the festival is a display of ghost-themed paintings (yurei-ga) from the collection of Sanyutei Encho (1839–1900), a legendary performer of rakugo (traditional storytelling), whose stories were often set in Yanaka."]
[1005,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","真打ち","しんうち","shin’uchi","江戸（今日の東京）で芸能人の家庭に生まれた圓朝は、7歳で初公演を行い、17歳で真打ち（師匠）の位に達すという天才児でした。","Born into a family of entertainers in Edo (present-day Tokyo), Encho was a child prodigy who performed his first show at the age of 7 and rose to the rank of shin’uchi (master) at 17."]
[1006,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","幽霊画","ゆうれいが","yurei-ga","全正庵で年に一度開催される「谷中圓朝まつり」の見どころは、三遊亭圓朝（1839–1900）が以前に所有していた、幽霊を題材とする絵画（幽霊画）の展示です。","The highlight of the annual Encho Matsuri, a festival at Zenshoan Temple, is a display of ghost-themed paintings (yurei-ga) previously owned by Sanyutei Encho (1839–1900)."]
[1007,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","東京招魂社","とうきょうしょうこんしゃ","Tokyo Shokonsha","天皇に仕えるなか命を落とした人々の魂は、東京招魂社（今日の靖国神社）と名付けられた新しい聖域に祀られました。しかし、敵側の戦死者にそのような名誉は与えられませんでした。","The souls of those who fell in the service of the emperor were enshrined at a new sanctuary named Tokyo Shokonsha (present-day Yasukuni Shrine), but those of the opposing side were afforded no such honor."]
[1008,"東京都","上野・下谷地区多言語解説協議会","その他","全正庵","ぜんしょうあん","Zenshoan","この掛軸には、全正庵（「あらゆる命の庵」）の文字が書かれており、角谷家で数世紀にわたり受け継がれました。","This scroll, which bore the characters Zenshoan (“Hermitage of All Life”), was passed down in the Tsunoya family through the centuries."]
[1009,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","浅草寺","せんそうじ","Sensoji Temple","この出来事が浅草寺の始まりだと考えられています。","This event is thought to be the humble beginning of Sensoji Temple. "]
[1010,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","今戸焼","いまどやき","Imado-yaki","葛飾北斎 (1760年–1849年) や歌川広重 (1797年–1858年) の木版画で不朽の名作になっただけでなく、この地域独特の陶器「今戸焼」にもその名前が冠されていました。","Not only has it been immortalized in woodblock prints by masters like Katsushika Hokusai (1760–1849) and Utagawa Hiroshige (1797–1858), but it was also closely associated with a distinct type of regional pottery, Imado-yaki.","※「今戸」と「焼」の間にハイフンを使用"]
[1011,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","雷門","かみなりもん","Kaminarimon Gate","雷門","Kaminarimon Gate"]
[1012,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","組織・団体","浅草っ子","あさくさっこ","Asakusakko","地元の人々や、生まれた時から浅草に住んでいる人々は、自らを浅草っ子というさらに規模の小さい呼び名で呼びます。","Similarly, lifelong residents of Asakusa refer to themselves as “Asakusakko.”"]
[1013,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","集落・街","仲見世","なかみせ","Nakamise Shopping Street","仲見世","Nakamise Shopping Street"]
[1014,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","浅草橋","あさくさばし","Asakusabashi","浅草橋地区一帯には、かつて栄えていた花街がありました。","The Asakusabashi area was once home to a thriving geisha quarter. ","※地域名のため、「Bridge」は使用しない。"]
[1015,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","枡形","ますがた","masugata","1636年に建てられたこの見附は実際には枡形という正方形で壁に囲まれた守衛詰所で、通り抜けられないように二個所の入り口が直角に配されていました。","The guard post, constructed in 1636, was a masugata, a square, walled gatehouse with entrances at right angles in order to prevent direct passage."]
[1016,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","植物","首尾の松","しゅびのまつ","Shubi no Matsu Pine Tree","首尾の松","Shubi no Matsu Pine Tree"]
[1017,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","建造物等","なまこ\n※なまこ壁","なまこ","namako","このテラスのなまこ壁は、江戸時代  (1603年 – 1868年)、この地域に幕府の米を保存していた倉庫が立ち並んでいたことにちなみ、その倉庫の外壁をイメージしたスタイルで護岸を装飾したものです。","The namako white stone and lattice walls of the terrace are constructed in the same style as the old warehouses in the area, where the government’s rice stores were kept during the Edo period (1603–1868)."]
[1018,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","集落・街","奥浅草","おくあさくさ","Oku Asakusa","浅草寺と雷門の北側にあり、隅田川から遠く離れた地区は、地元の人々に奥浅草と呼ばれています。","To the north of Kaminarimon and Sensoji and further away from the Sumida River lies an area local residents refer to as Oku Asakusa. "]
[1019,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","花魁","おいらん","oiran","毎年4月の第2土曜日に開催されるこのイベントの目玉は吉原の花魁道中の再現です。","Held yearly on the second Saturday of April, this event features a re-creation of a procession of the high-ranking Yoshiwara oiran (courtesans). "]
[1020,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","歌舞伎","かぶき","kabuki","その時代、奥浅草は多数の芝居小屋、役者や料亭などで繁栄し続ける歌舞伎地区で大盛況を極めた歓楽街でした。","There was a thriving kabuki community with many theaters, performers, and restaurants."]
[1021,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","酉の市","とりのいち","Tori no Ichi","毎年開催される酉の市のルーツは、江戸時代  (1603年 – 1868年) に遡ります。","The roots of the annual Tori no Ichi go back to the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[1022,"東京都","浅草地区多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","熊手","くまで","kumade","酉の市の目玉のひとつに、竹製で装飾をほどこした熊手があり、これを買った人は、来る年の幸運をかき集め、厄を除けることができると考えられています。","A hallmark of the event are the kumade, ornate bamboo rakes believed to help patrons “rake in” prosperity in the coming year or ward off bad luck."]
[1023,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","防備","ぼうび","fortified","高い壁、頑丈な門、警備によって守られており、江戸城内で最も護衛されていたと言われる場所でした。","These grounds would once have been the most heavily fortified part of Edo Castle, protected from attack by high walls, strong gates and guards."]
[1024,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","現存","げんそん","extant","1607年まで遡る記録には、この場所に門があったという記載があり、1636年に現在の形に再建されたことから、田安門は現存する江戸城の最古の城門となっています。","Records going back to 1607 mention a gate at Tayasumon’s location, which was built in its present design in 1636, making it the oldest of the castle’s extant gates."]
[1025,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","楽園","らくえん","haven","現在は、野生動物の住む安息所となり、科学技術館や、1964年のオリンピック会場および1966年のビートルズのコンサート会場で有名な日本武道館があります。","It is now a haven for wildlife and the location of the Science Museum and Nippon Budokan, a 1964 Olympic venue that also hosted the Beatles in 1966."]
[1026,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","建造物等","建物","たてもの","edifices","皇居外苑にある構造物は、江戸時代(1603年-1867年)からの過去の物だとすぐに分かります。","Kokyo Gaien’s edifices are unmistakable images of its Edo-period (1603-1867) past."]
[1027,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","建造物等","モルタル","もるたる","mortar","桜田門の背の高い石垣は、モルタルなどを使用せずに積み上げられています。","The gate’s high stone walls are built without the use of mortar."]
[1028,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","破った","やぶった","breaching","射手やその他の兵士たちは櫓門に陣取り、高麗門を突破した敵陣に矢を放ち、石を落としていました。","Archers and other soldiers would have occupied the yaguramon gate, firing arrows and dropping rocks on any intruders breaching the koraimon gate."]
[1029,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","彫刻のよう","ちょうこくのよう","sculptural","美しく並んだクロマツは、皇居外苑の中でも、写真撮影の名所のひとつとなっています。","The sculptural forms of the trees have made them among the most photographed aspects of the garden."]
[1030,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","反逆的な","はんぎゃくてきな","treasonous","醍醐天皇は反逆的な武将に裏切られ、楠木に大軍との戦を命じます。","Go-Daigo was betrayed by a treasonous general and ordered Kusunoki into battle against a much larger army."]
[1031,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","史跡","発掘","はっくつ","unearthed","休憩所内の小さな展示スペースでは、皇居外苑の動植物の詳しい紹介や、敷地内から出土した陶磁器が展示されています。","The Wadakura Free Rest Spot indoor exhibition features in-depth information about Kokyo Gaien’s flora and fauna and showcases examples of ceramics unearthed from the site."]
[1032,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","人間の介入","にんげんのかいにゅう","human intervention","37ヘクタールあるお濠への人間の介入を最小限に抑えることで、多様な動植物の生息を可能にしています。","Human intervention in the 0.37 square kilometers of moat cover is kept to a minimum, allowing diverse flora and fauna to thrive."]
[1033,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","よく調整された","よくちょうせいされた","well-modulated","程よく調整された光が、明るく照らし出された周辺の高層ビルとは対照的です。","The well-modulated lighting offers a restful contrast to the brightly lit skyscrapers of the surrounding area."]
[1034,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","戦術の才気","せんじゅつのさいき","strategic brilliance","彼の戦術の才気は、後醍醐天皇の鎌倉幕府倒幕と天皇親政の一時的な復活へ寄与しました。","Kusunoki’s strategic brilliance had helped the emperor overthrow the Kamakura shogunate and briefly restore power to the imperial house."]
[1035,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","政治の大変動","せいじのだいへんどう","political upheaval","築城されたのは、闘争と政治の大変動の時代です。","The castle was built during a time of conflict and political upheaval."]
[1036,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","史跡","高射機関砲","たかいきかんほう","anti-aircraft cannon battery","千鳥ヶ淵には、1937年に日中戦争のために建てられた高射機関砲のコンクリート台座が残っています。","Concrete bases of an anti-aircraft cannon battery—originally built in 1937 for the Second Sino-Japanese War—can be found nearby on the banks of Chidorigafuchi Moat."]
[1037,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","譲位した先の天皇","じょういしたさきのてんのう","abdicated former Emperor","平成（1989年-2019年）の天皇だった上皇陛下の御成婚を記念して1961年に建設され、天皇陛下 (在位期間：2019年‐）の御成婚を記念して1995年に改装されました。","It was built in 1961 for the marriage of Heisei Emperor Emeritus (r. 1989–2019), the abdicated former Emperor and was renovated in 1995 for the marriage of the Emperor (r. 2019–)."]
[1038,"東京都","環境省皇居外苑管理事務所","その他","破ることができない","やぶることができない","unbreachable","この作りは破ることができないと考えられており、江戸時代（1603年-1867年）に盛んに使用されていました。","The design was considered unbreachable and was very popular during the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[1039,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","芸能・興行・イベント","宮内庁楽部オーケストラ","くないちょうおーけすとら","the Court musicians of the Music Department of the Imperial Household","音楽堂では宮内庁楽部オーケストラによる私的演奏会が催され、古代より伝わる宮廷音楽である西洋のクラシック音楽が演奏されます。","Western classical music concerts performed by the Court musicians of the Music Department of the Imperial Household are given here in the presence of Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress, and other members of the Imperial Family."]
[1040,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","天守台","てんしゅだい","keep","天守台","Tenshudai, Base of Edo Castle Keep"]
[1041,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","石室","いしむろ","stone cellar","この20㎡の石室が実際に何に使われていたのか、確実なことは誰にもわかりません。","The exact purpose of this 20-square-metre stone cellar is not known."]
[1042,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","大奥","おおおく","women’s living quarter","江戸城本丸御殿の大奥に近いことから、火事の際に正室その他の女性たちが利用した可能性があります。","Located close to the site of the women’s living quarters in the Edo Castle palace complex, it is possible that the shogun’s consort and concubines used this cellar during fires."]
[1043,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","多聞","たもん","tamon","多聞とは城郭の石垣の上に建てられた回廊のような一層構造の建物のことです。","A tamon generally refers to a single-storey gallery-like building that was built on the ramparts of a castle compound."]
[1044,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","大番所","おおばんしょ","obansho","大番所は江戸城の機能として重要な門にありました。","Obansho were guardhouses built at the strategically important gates of Edo Castle."]
[1045,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","本丸","ほんまる","honmaru","大番所は江戸城に三つ残るうちのひとつで、中の門の近くに位置。江戸城本丸に入る人々の最後のチェックポイントでした。","This particular Obansho, one of three remaining at Edo Castle, is located near the back of the Naka no Mon, and was the final checkpoint for people going into the honmaru main compound of Edo Castle. "]
[1046,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","松の大廊下","まつのおおろうか","Matsu no Oroka","ここは「松の大廊下」と呼ばれる廊下の跡地で、松の木を描いた特徴的な襖戸がその名前の由来です。","This was the site of a corridor known as the Matsu no Oroka, the “Great Pine Corridor,” after the pine trees painted on its sliding doors."]
[1047,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","芸能・興行・イベント","忠臣蔵","ちゅうしんぐら","Chushingura","ここは赤穂事件の舞台であり、忠臣蔵の名で知られるこの逸話は、歌舞伎、文学、小説、映画で長年に渡り人気を博しています。","This was the stage for the Ako Jiken, a famous incident that is the basis for the Chushingura, a subject perennially popular in Japanese theatre, puppetry, fiction, and film. "]
[1048,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","人物・人名・役職名","浪人","ろうにん","ronin","1年後、今や浪人となった47人の浅野の家臣が復讐のため吉良を殺害します。","One year later, forty-seven of his retainers—now ronin, masterless samurai—killed Kira in revenge. "]
[1049,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","建造物等","二の丸","にのまる","ninomaru","二の丸から本丸に続くこの坂の梅の木は、東御苑が一般公開された1968年に植えられたものです。","The plum trees on this slope that leads from the ninomaru second compound of Edo Castle to the honmaru main compound were planted before the East Gardens opened to the public in 1968."]
[1050,"東京都","公益財団法人菊葉文化協会","庭園・公園","池泉回遊式の庭園","ちせんかいゆうしきのていえん","chisen kaiyu garden","中心にある池の周囲に園路を配した、いわゆる池泉回遊式の庭園となっています。","It is a chisen kaiyu garden, a stroll garden centered around a pond."]
[1051,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","その他","固有種","こゆうしゅ","endemic species","地理的に孤立したこの島々は多くの固有種の生息地となっており、周辺の大海原はクジラやイルカ、アオウミガメの楽園となっている。","The islands are geographically isolated and home to many endemic species, and the surrounding blue waters are a paradise for whales, dolphins, and green sea turtles. "]
[1052,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","カツオドリ","かつおどり","brown boobies","到着の5時間ほど前になると、たいてい最初に姿を現すのがカツオドリ（英名ブラウンブービー）だ。","Brown boobies (katsuo-dori) usually appear first, about five hours before landfall."]
[1053,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","オナガミズナギドリ","おながみずなぎどり","wedge-tailed shearwaters","島に近づいてくると、オナガミズナギドリもよくフェリーの近くで見ることができる。","Wedge-tailed shearwaters (onaga-mizunagi-dori) can often be seen close to the ship as it nears the islands."]
[1054,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","ザトウクジラ","ざとうくじら","humpback whales","小笠原近海によく姿を現すクジラの中で最も多く見かけるのが、ザトウクジラとマッコウクジラである。ヒレや尾の先端の写真から、一部のクジラは毎年島に戻ってくることが確認された。","Humpback and sperm whales are the most common species of whale that frequent the waters around Ogasawara, and photos of the whales’ fins and flukes have shown that some of them return to the islands year after year. "]
[1055,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","マッコウクジラ","まっこくじら","sperm whales","小笠原近海によく姿を現すクジラの中で最も多く見かけるのが、ザトウクジラとマッコウクジラである。ヒレや尾の先端の写真から、一部のクジラは毎年島に戻ってくることが確認された。","Humpback and sperm whales are the most common species of whale that frequent the waters around Ogasawara, and photos of the whales’ fins and flukes has shown that some of them return to the islands year after year. "]
[1056,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","捕食者","ほしょくしゃ","predators","しかし、信号のような人工的な明かりによって海とは逆の方向に向かってしまい、捕食者や車、およびその他の脅威となる存在により危険にさらされる場合もある。","However, artificial lighting like streetlights can cause baby turtles to head away from the ocean, exposing them to danger from predators, motor vehicles, and other threats."]
[1057,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","ミナミハンドウイルカ","みなみはんどういるか","Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins ","ミナミハンドウイルカは吻（ふん）が長く、腹がまだら模様で、体長は通常2.5メートル程。","Around 2.5 meters in length, Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins have long beaks and mottled abdomens. "]
[1058,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","ハシナガイルカ","はしながいるか","spinner dolphin","ハシナガイルカの体長はそれよりも少し小型の約2メートルで、背ビレと胸ビレが黒みがかっている。","Spinner dolphins are slightly shorter, at about 2 meters, and have darker pectoral and dorsal fins. "]
[1059,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","その他","先天的な恐怖心","せんてんてきなきょうふしん","innate fear","島に人間がやって来る以前、ハハジマメグロにはノスリを除いて天敵がいなかったため、人間や土地固有のその他の動物に対して先天的な恐怖心を今も備えていない。","Before humans came to the islands, Bonin white-eyes had no predators other than the common buzzard, and they have no innate fear of humans or other land-based animals."]
[1060,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","その他","侵入類\n外来種","しんにゅうしゅ\nがいらいしゅ","invasive species ","人間は1800年代に島に移住してきた際、この鳥にとっての主な天敵となるネコやネズミなどの侵入種を一緒に持ち込み、アカガシラカラスバトを食料として捕らえていたものと考えられる。","When people arrived on the islands in the 1800s, they brought cats, rats, and other invasive species that became the bird’s main predators, and the birds were also likely hunted for food. "]
[1061,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","植物","タコノキ","たこのき","pandanus tree","人が島にやって来る以前、オガサワラオオコウモリはタコノキの実や自然の花、小さな果実などを食べていた。","Before people arrived on the islands, the bats ate the fruit of the pandanus tree (tako-no-ki), other small fruits, and native flowers. "]
[1062,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","その他","絶滅の危機に瀕している\n絶滅危惧種の","ぜつめつのききにひんしている\n絶滅危惧種の","endangered","このコウモリは絶滅の危機に瀕しており、危害を加えることは法律で禁じられているため、一部の島民にとっては彼らとの共生が課題となっている。","The bats are endangered, and it is illegal to harm them, but living in harmony with the bats is challenging for some of the islanders. "]
[1063,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","その他","基地","きち","base","戦後はアメリカが島を基地として使用したため、島に戻ることができたのはほんの数人で、小笠原の統治権が日本に返還された1968年になってようやく残りの島民の帰還が認められた。","After the war, the United States used the islands as a base, and very few residents were allowed to return to the islands until 1968, when control of Ogasawara was given back to Japan. "]
[1064,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","植物","ティピカ種","てぃぴかしゅ","Typica trees","ティピカ種の木で、世界で最も広く栽培されている品種であるアラビカ種の一種である。","They are Typica trees, a variety of Arabica coffee––the most widely grown type of coffee in the world. "]
[1065,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","動物","サワラ","さわら","type of Spanish mackerel ","島ずしにはどんな魚を使ってもよいが、小笠原ではこの一帯に多くいるサワラと呼ばれるサバの一種を使うことが最も多い。","Although any fish can be used to make shima-zushi, on Ogasawara it is most often made with a type of Spanish mackerel called sawara, which is common around the islands."]
[1066,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","人物・人名・役職名","\n織工","\nしょっこう","weaver","タコノ葉は曲げやすい材質で、織工たちによって帽子、カゴ、箱、サンダルなど多くの日用品が作られた。","The leaves are a pliable material out of which weavers made hats, baskets and boxes, sandals, and many other items for daily life."]
[1067,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","その他","難解","なんかい","unintelligible","伝達が繰り返され原曲の歌詞の多くは難解となった。","Through repeated transmission, many of the songs have become unintelligible."]
[1068,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","工芸・美術品","カカ","かか","kaka drum","小笠原の民俗舞踊の拍子を刻むのは、打楽器「カカ」の独特な音色だ。","The distinctive sound of the kaka drum keeps the beat for the folk dances of Ogasawara. "]
[1069,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","史跡","防御施設","ぼうぎょしせつ","fortification","米軍は島にあった日本軍の軍事施設の多くに手を付けなかったため、1968年に島が日本に返還されたときには、多くの防御施設の廃墟がそのまま残されていた。","The Navy left many of the Japanese military installations on the islands alone, and when the island was returned to Japan in 1968, ruins of many of the fortifications remained. "]
[1070,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","組織・団体","欧米系島民","おうべいけいとうみん","“Western islander”","これらの人々は欧米系島民と呼ばれた。","These people are called ōbei-kei tōmin, which means “Western islander.” "]
[1071,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","植物","クワノキ","くわのき","mulberry","さらに、その堅さと木目、非常に黒みがかった色から小笠原固有のクワノキが重宝され、このクワノキから作られる製品は、タコノキの葉で編まれた製品とともに東京や海外で販売された。","The local variety of mulberry was prized for the hardness, grain, and dark color of its wood. Items made from it, along with items woven from pandanus leaves, were sold in Tokyo and abroad."]
[1072,"東京都","（小笠原国立公園）小笠原エコツーリズム協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","カヌー大会","カヌーたいかい","paddling competition","ファイバーグラスのカヌーを使って、毎年カヌー大会が催される。","A paddling competition is held every year using the fiberglass canoes. "]
[1073,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","猿楽","さるがく","sarugaku","その起源は9世紀頃に遡り、当時は猿楽と呼ばれる、軽業、寸劇、喜劇といったいくつかの舞台芸術の緩やかな集合に過ぎませんでした。","Its origins can be traced back before the ninth century when it was known as sarugaku, a loose collection of performing arts including acrobatics, dancing, and comedy. "]
[1074,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","シテ","して","shite","その伝統的な構造は次の通りです。シテと呼ばれる主役が能面と凝った装束とを身にまとうことで人物を表現し、団扇を持ち歩きます。物語に文脈を与える地謡が脇役を務め、4人の演奏者（囃子）が3種の鼓と笛とを演奏します。能の興行では一般的に幕間に狂言（喜劇）が上演されます。"," The traditional noh structure is as follows: shite (a masked protagonist), elaborately robed and holding a fan, is supported by a jiutai(chorus), which provides context to the story, and bayashi (musicians) playing a flute and three types of drums. To provide levity, noh shows typically feature an element of a kyogen (comedy) in between scenes."]
[1075,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","地謡","じうたい","jiutai","その伝統的な構造は次の通りです。シテと呼ばれる主役が能面と凝った装束とを身にまとうことで人物を表現し、団扇を持ち歩きます。物語に文脈を与える地謡が脇役を務め、4人の演奏者（囃子）が3種の鼓と笛とを演奏します。能の興行では一般的に幕間に狂言（喜劇）が上演されます。"," The traditional noh structure is as follows: shite (a masked protagonist), elaborately robed and holding a fan, is supported by a jiutai(chorus), which provides context to the story, and bayashi (musicians) playing a flute and three types of drums. To provide levity, noh shows typically feature an element of a kyogen (comedy) in between scenes."]
[1076,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","囃子","ばやし","bayashi","その伝統的な構造は次の通りです。シテと呼ばれる主役が能面と凝った装束とを身にまとうことで人物を表現し、団扇を持ち歩きます。物語に文脈を与える地謡が脇役を務め、4人の演奏者（囃子）が3種の鼓と笛とを演奏します。能の興行では一般的に幕間に狂言（喜劇）が上演されます。"," The traditional noh structure is as follows: shite (a masked protagonist), elaborately robed and holding a fan, is supported by a jiutai(chorus), which provides context to the story, and bayashi (musicians) playing a flute and three types of drums. To provide levity, noh shows typically feature an element of a kyogen (comedy) in between scenes."]
[1077,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","狂言","きょうげん","kyogen","その伝統的な構造は次の通りです。シテと呼ばれる主役が能面と凝った装束とを身にまとうことで人物を表現し、団扇を持ち歩きます。物語に文脈を与える地謡が脇役を務め、4人の演奏者（囃子）が3種の鼓と笛とを演奏します。能の興行では一般的に幕間に狂言（喜劇）が上演されます。"," The traditional noh structure is as follows: shite (a masked protagonist), elaborately robed and holding a fan, is supported by a jiutai(chorus), which provides context to the story, and bayashi (musicians) playing a flute and three types of drums. To provide levity, noh shows typically feature an element of a kyogen (comedy) in between scenes."]
[1078,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","仕舞","しまい","shimai","典型的な能の演舞は、4時間続き、能の合間に、喜劇的な狂言と、その後に、仕舞という、選り抜きの能の概要のようなものが入ります。","A typical noh performance lasts four hours, including an intermission of a kyogen comedy act followed by a shimai, which is a type of dance interpretation of a chosen noh text."]
[1079,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","隈取り","くまどり","kumadori","役者が凝った衣装を身につけ、顔全体に独特の化粧（隈取と呼ばれ、通常は主役、権力のある役、または女性役が対象）を施して、様式化され、かつ、誇張された動きで演じます。","Simply put, this traditional Japanese theater is a form of dance-drama, in which the actors don elaborate costumes and full-face makeup (known as kumadori) and perform stylized and exaggerated movements."]
[1080,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","立役","たちやく","tachiyaku","この伝統は今日まで続いています。 男性役者は「たちやく（立役）」と呼ばれ、女性役の役者は「おんながた（女形）」と呼ばれます。音楽と黒子もいることで、舞台が成り立ちます。黒子は、全身黒い衣装をまとい、見えないようにしている舞台係です。","This tradition persists today; male actors playing the same sex are called tachiyaku while those who play female roles are referred to as onnagata. The musicians and the kuroko—near invisible stagehands dressed all in black—complete the ensemble."]
[1081,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","女形","おんながた","onnagata","この伝統は今日まで続いています。 男性役者は「たちやく（立役）」と呼ばれ、女性役の役者は「おんながた（女形）」と呼ばれます。音楽と黒子もいることで、舞台が成り立ちます。黒子は、全身黒い衣装をまとい、見えないようにしている舞台係です。","This tradition persists today; male actors playing the same sex are called tachiyaku while those who play female roles are referred to as onnagata. The musicians and the kuroko—near invisible stagehands dressed all in black—complete the ensemble."]
[1082,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","黒子","くろこ","kuroko","この伝統は今日まで続いています。 男性役者は「たちやく（立役）」と呼ばれ、女性役の役者は「おんながた（女形）」と呼ばれます。音楽と黒子もいることで、舞台が成り立ちます。黒子は、全身黒い衣装をまとい、見えないようにしている舞台係です。","This tradition persists today; male actors playing the same sex are called tachiyaku while those who play female roles are referred to as onnagata. The musicians and the kuroko—near invisible stagehands dressed all in black—complete the ensemble."]
[1083,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","時代物","じだいもの","jidaimono","歌舞伎には2つの種類があります。時代物は、歴史上の出来事に基づき、主に権力を握る侍階級の話で観客を楽しませます。一方で世話物は、恋愛や道徳的な葛藤などをテーマとした日常的な物語が舞台で繰り広げられます。","There are two types of kabuki plays: more formal jidaimono based on historical events that often tell tales of the ruling samurai class, and sewamono, stories that revolve around everyday folk, with themes such as romance and moral conflict taking center stage."]
[1084,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","世話物","せわもの","sewamono","歌舞伎には2つの種類があります。時代物は、歴史上の出来事に基づき、主に権力を握る侍階級の話で観客を楽しませます。一方で世話物は、恋愛や道徳的な葛藤などをテーマとした日常的な物語が舞台で繰り広げられます。","There are two types of kabuki plays: more formal jidaimono based on historical events that often tell tales of the ruling samurai class, and sewamono, stories that revolve around everyday folk, with themes such as romance and moral conflict taking center stage."]
[1085,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","落語","らくご","rakugo","ステージはストレートプレイやコンサート、漫談、落語でも使用されます。"," The space is also made in the schedule for dramatic plays, song-and-dance shows, concerts, stand-up comedy, and traditional rakugo storytelling."]
[1086,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","花道","はなみち","hanamichi","ステージは歌舞伎の伝統にもとづいて設計され、観客席をまっすぐ貫く通路である「花道」とがあり、観客席は3階建てで1424席あります。","Its stage was built according to kabuki traditions, with a hanamichi, a raised passageway running straight through the three-tiered auditorium, which has 1,424 seats."]
[1087,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","大向う","おおむこう","oomukou","観衆も同様に、役者の名前を叫ぶことができ、これは大向うとして知られています。","Similarly, audience members can yell out the actors’ names as a form of encouragement, known as oomukou. "]
[1088,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","男役","おとこやく","otokoyaku","毎回の宝塚公演は、約1時間半の演劇で、劇中の人物はすべて女性が演じており、物語は多くの場合、主演男役と主演娘役を軸に展開されます。"," Every Takarazuka performance starts with a play that lasts for about one and a half hours, and in which every character is played by multiple women regardless of identity as the male lead (otokoyaku) or female lead (musumeyaku). "]
[1089,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","娘役","むすめやく","musumeyaku","毎回の宝塚公演は、約1時間半の演劇で、劇中の人物はすべて女性が演じており、物語は多くの場合、主演男役と主演娘役を軸に展開されます。"," Every Takarazuka performance starts with a play that lasts for about one and a half hours, and in which every character is played by multiple women regardless of identity as the male lead (otokoyaku) or female lead (musumeyaku). "]
[1090,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","紋章等 ","雪月花","せつげっか","setsugekka","吊るされた髪提灯には劇場の座紋が入っており、雪月花（雪と月と花）を表しています。"," Hanging paper lanterns carry the theater’s distinctive logo, known as setsugekka (雪月花), which features snow, the moon, and flowers."]
[1091,"東京都","東京アート＆ライブシティ構想実行委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","文楽","ぶんらく","bunraku","4世紀にわたる長い歴史を通して、歌舞伎はその時代の流行を盛り込むだけでなく、能や文楽などの伝統芸能からも様々な要素を借用してきました。","Throughout its four century-long history, kabuki has not only incorporated fashion references of the times but also borrowed from other traditional performing arts such as noh and bunraku puppet theatre."]
[1092,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","建造物等","ビンナン式","びんなんしき","Binnan","建築様式は「ビンナン式」と呼ばれる、中国南部の福建省のものであり、台湾では19世紀初頭から人気となりました。","The architectural style is called Binnan, from China’s southern Fujian Province, and was popular in Taiwan from the early nineteenth century."]
[1093,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","内藤清成","ないとうきよなり","Naito Kiyonari","このエリアはもともと、将軍の重要な家臣であった内藤清成（1555～1608）という大名の庭園の一部であり、典型的な日本庭園の特徴が凝縮された場所です。","This area is a part of a much larger Japanese garden originally owned by Naito Kiyonari (1555–1608), an important vassal of the shogun. "]
[1094,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","庭園・公園","風景式庭園","ふうけいしきていえん","Formal Garden","東から西にかけて、風景式庭園、整形式庭園、日本庭園、母と子の森です。","From east to west these are the Formal Garden, the Landscape Garden, the Japanese Traditional Garden, and the Mother and Child Woods. "]
[1095,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","庭園・公園","整形式庭園","せいけいしきていえん","Landscape Garden","東から西にかけて、風景式庭園、整形式庭園、日本庭園、母と子の森です。","From east to west these are the Formal Garden, the Landscape Garden, the Japanese Traditional Garden, and the Mother and Child Woods. "]
[1096,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","植物","ソメイヨシノ","そめいよしの","Somei Yoshino","中でも最高の見頃は、東京で最もポピュラーな桜の品種ソメイヨシノが開花する3月下旬から4月上旬です。","The best viewing season starts from the end of March to early April with Somei Yoshino, the most popular variety of cherry in Tokyo. "]
[1097,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","書物","万葉集","まんようしゅう","Manyoshu","桜は8世紀に編纂された万葉集や古事記にもその名があるように、古くから日本文化において重要かつ欠かせない役割を果たしてきており、平安時代（794～1185）にはそれまで以上に顕著な存在となりました。","The cherry blossom has played an important and integral role in Japanese culture since ancient times, appearing in the Manyoshu anthology of poetry collected in the eighth century, and the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) from the same period, and becoming ever more prominent during the Heian period (794-1185). "]
[1098,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","書物","古事記","こじき","Kojiki","桜は8世紀に編纂された万葉集や古事記にもその名があるように、古くから日本文化において重要かつ欠かせない役割を果たしてきており、平安時代（794～1185）にはそれまで以上に顕著な存在となりました。","The cherry blossom has played an important and integral role in Japanese culture since ancient times, appearing in the Manyoshu anthology of poetry collected in the eighth century, and the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) from the same period, and becoming ever more prominent during the Heian period (794-1185). "]
[1099,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","建造物等","スティック スタイル","すてぃっくすたいる","Stick style","一見したところ、この建物には19世紀後半にアメリカで流行したスティック スタイルという建築様式が用いられているように見えます。","At first glance, the building appears to be constructed in the Stick style, which was a late nineteenth-century American architectural style."]
[1100,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","植物","洋ラン","ようらん","tropical orchids","日本における本格的な洋ラン栽培は1890年代にこの地に建てられた旧温室から始まりました。","Japan’s history of cultivating tropical orchids really began with the imperial greenhouses erected here in the 1890s. "]
[1101,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","書物","サンダーズリスト","さんだーりすと","Sander’s List of Orchid Hybrids","世界のランの交配種が登録されている、権威ある「サンダーズリスト」には、新宿御苑作出のランが20種以上登録されています。","You can find more than twenty such varieties registered in the authoritative Sander’s List of Orchid Hybrids."]
[1102,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","島しょ","日本列島","にほんれっとう","Japanese archipelago","日本列島は100m以上の海岸線を持つ6,852の島から成り立っています。","The Japanese archipelago consists of 6,852 islands that have a coastline of more than one hundred meters."]
[1103,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","その他","植物園の保全活動に対する国際アジェンダ","しょくぶつえんのほぜんかつどうにたいするこくさいあじぇんだ","the International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation","第二に、新宿御苑は植物園自然保護国際機構が立ち上げた「植物園の保全活動に対する国際アジェンダ」に登録されています。","Second, Shinjuku Gyoen is committed to the International Agenda for Botanic Gardens in Conservation, which was established by Botanic Gardens Conservation International."]
[1104,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","植物","ハナシノブ","はなしのぶ","Polemonium kiushianum","地域野生植物保全拠点園として、新宿御苑ではハナシノブなどの国内希少野生動植物種の保全への取り組みや、「絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の保存に関する法律（種の保存法）」に定められたその他の絶滅危惧植物の栽培を行っています。","As a registered regional conservation garden, Shinjuku Gyoen is working to preserve the lineage of rare domestic plants such as Polemonium kiushianum and cultivating other endangered plants in accordance with Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (LCES). "]
[1105,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","社会","絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の保存に関する法律","ぜつめつのおそれのあるやせいどうぶつのしゅのほぞんにかんするほうりつ","Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora","地域野生植物保全拠点園として、新宿御苑ではハナシノブなどの国内希少野生動植物種の保全への取り組みや、「絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の保存に関する法律（種の保存法）」に定められたその他の絶滅危惧植物の栽培を行っています。","As a registered regional conservation garden, Shinjuku Gyoen is working to preserve the lineage of rare domestic plants such as Polemonium kiushianum and cultivating other endangered plants in accordance with Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (LCES). "]
[1106,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","社会","自然公園法","しぜんこうえんほう","the Natural Parks Act","その結果、現在では「絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の保存に関する法律（種の保存法）」、「自然公園法」、「文化財保護法」といった、野山での指定植物の採取を規制する規則や法令が敷かれています。","As a result, there are now regulations and ordinances in effect, including the Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, the Natural Parks Act, and the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, which regulate the collecting of such plants from the wild."]
[1107,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","社会","文化財保護法","ぶんかざいほごほう","he Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties","その結果、現在では「絶滅のおそれのある野生動植物の種の保存に関する法律（種の保存法）」、「自然公園法」、「文化財保護法」といった、野山での指定植物の採取を規制する規則や法令が敷かれています。","As a result, there are now regulations and ordinances in effect, including the Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, the Natural Parks Act, and the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, which regulate the collecting of such plants from the wild."]
[1108,"東京都","環境省新宿御苑管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","福羽逸人","ふくばはやと","Hayato Fukuba","福羽逸人（1856～1921）は、新宿御苑の歴史において最も重要な人物の一人です。","Hayato Fukuba (1856–1921) is one of the most important figures in the history of Shinjuku Gyoen."]
[1109,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","初詣","はつもうで","hatsumode","明治神宮は初詣（一年の最初の神社への参拝）をする場としても最も多く人が集まります。","Meiji Jingu receives the most people of any shrine in Japan for hatsumode, the first shrine visit of the New Year."]
[1110,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鳥居","とりい","torii","笠木と島木が上に乗る2つの柱から構成される門である鳥居は、神社への入り口で、つまり神聖と世俗の境界線です。","A torii, which is a gate that consists of two pillars topped with a double lintel and a tie beam, marks the entrance to a shrine, separating the sacred world from the secular. "]
[1111,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","みなみさんどう","みなみさんどう","Minami sando","境内の森の中に建てられ、神橋に隣接し、南参道の直ぐ側です。"," It is located inside the forest, adjacent to the Shinkyo bridge and just off the Minami sando approach to the main shrine."]
[1112,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神","かみ","kami","中身が入っていない樽はボトルに入った酒とともに神に奉納されます。","The barrels, which are decorative and empty, are offered to the kami deities along with the sake in bottles."]
[1113,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大鳥居","おおとりい","Ootorii","北参道と南参道が合流地点、本殿へと続く正参道の入口となっており、「大鳥居」と呼ばれています。","It is located at the intersection of the northern and southern approaches to the main shrine, and is also known as the ootorii or ‘large torii’."]
[1114,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","数寄屋造り","すうきや　づくり","sukiya zukuri","様式は数寄屋造りで、これは茶室にヒントを得た洗練された建築手法を取り入れていることを意味します。"," It is built in the sukiya zukuri architectural style and incorporates refined touches inspired by teahouses."]
[1115,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","御釣台","おつりだい","otsuri dai","御釣台は明治天皇の命で昭憲皇太后のために設けられたもので、皇太后はこの場所で釣りを楽しみました。","The otsuri dai, or fishing platform, was constructed by order of the Emperor for Empress Shoken, who enjoyed fishing at this spot."]
[1116,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","湖沼","南池","なんち","Nanchi","この井戸の水は菖蒲田に引かれ、南池を通り、さらに水門を抜けて南参道の橋の下をくぐり、最後は渋谷川へと注ぎます。","Water from the well irrigates the iris field, then passes through the Nanchi south pond, exiting through a sluice gate and passing the Minami sando below the bridge, "]
[1117,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","枡形","ますがた","masugata","戦国時代（15世紀後半〜16世紀後半）に、城の門や城下町の道ではよくこの桝形が起用されていましたが、 敵への防衛力を高めるためでした。","During the Warring States period (1467–1568), castle gates, and roads in castle towns would often feature this masugata right angle, which was a defensive feature used to slow down an attacker."]
[1118,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水舎","てみずや","temizuya","神社に入る際には、拝観者は本殿へ進む前に、ある儀式を行って自らを清めることが求められ、手水舎というこの儀式を行う施設で行われます。","When entering a shrine, visitors purify themselves ritually before proceeding toward the main sanctuary. This is done at a temizuya, ritual purification building. "]
[1119,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お守り","おまもり","omamori","神社で買った幸運のお守りは、目的が達成された場合や、1年以上が経過した場合には、普通は神社へと返されます。","Omamori, the lucky charms available at shrines, are usually returned once they have served their purpose, or if they are more than a year old."]
[1120,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","植物","夫婦楠","めおとくす","Meoto Kusu","この一対のクスノキは、夫婦楠と呼ばれています。","This pair of camphor trees is known as Meoto Kusu, or ‘husband and wife camphor trees’."]
[1121,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御日供祭","おにっくさい","onikkusai","内部では神官によって様々な祭儀が執り行われ,中には、日々の御神饌を奉納し祈祷を捧げる御日供祭もあり、毎日午前8時と午後2時に執り行われています。","Many rituals are carried out daily inside the inner sanctum, including the offering of sacred food and prayers known as onikkusai, which is held at 8 a.m. and 2 p.m. every day."]
[1122,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お札","おふだ","ofuda","授与所ではお守りやお札を受けることができます。","Amulets known as omamori and protective talismans known as ofuda are available here."]
[1123,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","おみくじ","おみくじ","omikuji","ほとんどの神社ではおみくじを引くことができます。","Most shrines in Japan offer omikuji, or fortune-telling strips. "]
[1124,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","絵馬","えま","ema","絵馬は片面には神社により異なる絵が入り、もう片面にはお礼や願い事を書くための空欄が設けられた木製の板片です。","Ema, or votive tablets, are wooden plaques with a picture specific to the shrine on one side, and a blank space for writing a message of gratitude or prayer on the other"]
[1125,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","芸能・興行・イベント","神楽","かぐら","kagura","祈願祭では神様への奉納として神楽という神聖な音楽の演奏と倭舞と呼ばれる明治神宮独特の踊りが繰り広げられます。","A kagura, or sacred music and dance performance called the yamato mai, which is unique to Meiji Jingu, is performed as an offering to the kami."]
[1126,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","芸能・興行・イベント","倭舞","やまとまい","yamato mai","祈願祭では神様への奉納として神楽という神聖な音楽の演奏と倭舞と呼ばれる明治神宮独特の踊りが繰り広げられます。","A kagura, or sacred music and dance performance called the yamato mai, which is unique to Meiji Jingu, is performed as an offering to the kami."]
[1127,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","植物","芝地","しばち","Shibachi","芝地はリラックスして自然を楽しめる静かな場所です。遠くに見える新宿の高層ビルが素晴らしいコントラストを生んでいます。","The expansive Shibachi lawn is a quiet place to relax and enjoy nature, against the backdrop of the impressive contrast of the skyscrapers of Shinjuku in the distance."]
[1128,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","年中行事","ひな祭り","ひなまつり","hina matsuri","毎年のひなまつりでは（3月3日の女児の祭り。行事の正確な日程は異なる場合があります）、流しびなという儀式のために北池が使用されます。"," For the annual hina matsuri, the doll festival or girls’ festival celebrated on March 3 (the exact date of festivities may differ), the pond is used for the nagashi bina ritual. "]
[1129,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","道場","どうじょう","dojo","至誠館という道場があり、剣道、柔道、弓道（日本式のアーチェリー）等の武道の練習が可能です。","The Shiseikan is a dojo training facility for the martial arts (budo) such as kendo, judo, and kyudo (Japanese archery)."]
[1130,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","校倉造り","あぜくらづくり","azekura zukuri","建物は校倉造りという建築スタイルで構造されています。","It is built in the ancient azekura zukuri style of storehouse architecture. "]
[1131,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","工芸・美術品","綿帽子","わたぼうし","wataboshi","花嫁は通常、赤ふきの白無垢と、「綿帽子」もしくは「角隠し」と呼ばれる頭隠し（帽子）を着用します。","The bride usually wears a white kimono with a red lining, and a head covering known as wataboshi or tsunokakushi (‘horn-hiding’). "]
[1132,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","工芸・美術品","角隠し","つのかくし","tsunokakushi","花嫁は通常、赤ふきの白無垢と、「綿帽子」もしくは「角隠し」と呼ばれる頭隠し（帽子）を着用します。","The bride usually wears a white kimono with a red lining, and a head covering known as wataboshi or tsunokakushi (‘horn-hiding’). "]
[1133,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","朝御饌","あさみけ","asamike","朝御饌(朝の奉納)は午前8時から、（夕御饌: 夕の奉納）は午後2時から本殿で始まります。"," Asamike, or morning offering, is held at 8 a.m., and yumike, the afternoon offering, at 2 p.m. at the main shrine hall. "]
[1134,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","夕御饌","ゆうみけ","yumike","朝御饌(朝の奉納)は午前8時から、（夕御饌: 夕の奉納）は午後2時から本殿で始まります。"," Asamike, or morning offering, is held at 8 a.m., and yumike, the afternoon offering, at 3 p.m. at the main shrine hall."]
[1135,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神酒","みき","miki","酒は日本語では通常「日本酒」として知られていますが、神社で使われる米酒の名前は「神酒 （みき）」や「御神酒（おみき）」で、「神」と「酒」の文字を使って書かれます。","While sake is normally called nihonshu in Japanese, the sake used at shrines is referred to as miki or omiki, written with the Chinese characters for ‘kami’ and ‘alcohol’. "]
[1136,"東京都","宗教法人明治神宮（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御神酒","おみき","omiki","酒は日本語では通常「日本酒」として知られていますが、神社で使われる米酒の名前は「神酒 （みき）」や「御神酒（おみき）」で、「神」と「酒」の文字を使って書かれます。","While sake is normally called nihonshu in Japanese, the sake used at shrines is referred to as miki or omiki, written with the Chinese characters for ‘kami’ and ‘alcohol’. "]
[1137,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大仏","だいぶつ","Daibutsu","日本の伝統文化の象徴として世界的にも有名な大仏は、その大きさで見る者を圧倒し、その美しさで魅了していますが、その起源や歴史についての正確な情報がないために、謎めいた存在でもあります。","The Great Buddha (Daibutsu) of Kamakura is recognized around the world as an icon of Japan."]
[1138,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","増上寺","ぞうじょうじ","Zojoji","江戸時代の中期からは、正式に仏教の浄土宗の信仰の一部となり、東京・芝にある浄土宗の寺院・増上寺と関係があります。","The statue has been formally affiliated with the Pure Land (Jodo) school of Buddhism since the middle of the Edo period, with ties to Zojoji, the main Pure Land temple in the Kanto region, located in Shiba, Tokyo."]
[1139,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","阿弥陀","あみだ","Amida","阿弥陀は自らを信じ、瞑想し、その名を唱える者をすべて西方浄土へと連れていくという誓いを立てているとされます。","Believers should rely instead on Amida, who vowed to bring to his Pure Land in the West all those who have faith in him, who meditate on him, and who recite his name. "]
[1140,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","念仏","ねんぶつ","Nenbutsu","念仏のもともとの意味は「阿弥陀の瞑想」という意味でしたが、やがて「阿弥陀の救済の力を信じ、その神聖な名前を唱えること」という意味に変わってきました。","Nenbutsu originally signified “contemplation of Amida” but has gradually come to mean “recitation of the sacred name of the Buddha, with trust in his power to save.” "]
[1141,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","南無阿弥陀仏","なむあみだぶつ","Namu Amida Butsu","念仏は通常は「南無阿弥陀仏」と唱えます。","The nenbutsu is usually recited as “Namu Amida Butsu.”"]
[1142,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仁王門","におうもん","Nio Gate","仁王門は高徳院への正門であり、「大遺山」という寺の別名を記した銘板が掲げられています。","The Nio Gate is the principal entrance to Kotokuin Temple."]
[1143,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仁王","におう","Nio","仁王は寺の守護者であり、また仏教そのものの守護者でもある、半神の存在です。","The Nio are semi-divine entities who serve as guardians of both the temple and of the Buddhism faith."]
[1144,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","観月堂","かんげつどう","Kangetsudo","観月堂は、漢陽（現在の韓国ソウル）にあった李氏朝鮮の宮殿の一部であったと言われており、その建立は15世紀半ばにまでさかのぼると思われます。","Kangetsudo is said to have been part of the Yi dynasty palace in Hanyang (present-day Seoul), and was most likely constructed in the mid-fifteenth century."]
[1145,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","人物・人名・役職名","菩薩観音","ぼさつかんのん","Bodhisattva Kannon","現在、この建物の中には江戸時代後期の菩薩観音立像（サンスクリットで「アヴァローキテーシュヴァラ」、聖観音）が収められています。","The building now enshrines a late Edo period (1603–1868) image of a standing Bodhisattva Kannon."]
[1146,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","工芸・美術品","藁草履","わらぞうり","straw sandals","大仏の右側にある回り廊下の壁には、伝統的な技法でつくられた藁草履が一足かけられています。","A gigantic pair of traditional straw sandals hang on the wall of the corridor to the right of the Great Buddha."]
[1147,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","建造物等","礎石","そせき","fondation stone","大仏を収めていた巨大なお堂は、60個の礎石によって支えられていたようです。そのうち、56個が今でも像の周囲に残っています。","The great hall originally built for the Daibutsu is thought to have been supported by sixty large foundation stones, of which fifty-six remain in the area around the statue."]
[1148,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","蓮弁","れんべん","lotus petals","大仏像の背後に青銅製の大きな蓮弁4枚を見ることができます。","Behind the Daibutsu are four large bronze lotus petals."]
[1149,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","蓮台","れんだい","lotus-flower throne","江戸時代（1600-1867）のいつ頃かに蓮弁が大仏の座る蓮台を囲むように制作するという計画がなされました。","In the middle of the Edo period (1603–1868), a project was begun to install a “lotus-flower throne,” a set of lotus petals around the platform on which the Great Buddha sits in meditation."]
[1150,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法句経","ほっくぎょう"," Dhammapada","石碑の正面には、日本語、パーリ語と英語で古代の経典「法句経」から引用された韻文「恨みは恨みではなく、愛によって静まる。」が彫られています。","Engraved on the front of the monument in Japanese, Pali, and English is the following verse from the Dhammapada, an early Buddhist text: “Hatred ceases not by hatred but by love.”"]
[1151,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","人物・人名・役職名","与謝野晶子","よさのあきこ","Yosano Akiko","女性詩人与謝野晶子によるこの著名な詩は彼女直筆を真似て石碑に掘られています。","This famous poem by Yosano Akiko (1878–1942) is carved on the stone monument in her own calligraphy. "]
[1152,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","極楽浄土","ごくらくじょうど","Pure Land","法然は極楽浄土の教主である阿弥陀如来に信仰をおきました。","Honen placed his faith in Amida Buddha, the Lord of the Pure Land."]
[1153,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白毫","びゃくごう","byakugo","白毫は、左から右に巻かれており、世界を精神的に照らす光を放っています。","The presence of a white tuft of hair (byakugo) between the eyebrows, curling from left to right."]
[1154,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","人物・人名・役職名","小泉八雲","こいずみやくも"," Koizumi Yakumo","ギリシャとアイルランド人作家のラフカディオ・ハーンは日本に移住し、小泉八雲という名で親しまれています。彼は昔話や日本文化の他の様々な観点を西洋に紹介しました。","The writer Lafcadio Hearn (1850–1904), who was a naturalized Japanese citizen and adopted the name Koizumi Yakumo, introduced folk tales and many other aspects of Japanese culture to the West. "]
[1155,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","印相","いんそう","mudra","9種類の手の組み方（印相）は、阿弥陀の憐れみにより救われる信者の段階に従って阿弥陀如来像が作って示しています。","Amida Buddha’s hands are typically shown in one of nine standard positions (mudra). "]
[1156,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","上品上生印","じょうぼんじょうしょういん","jobonjosho-in","これは最も価値のある高貴な生まれであることを示す印相という意味である上品上生印と呼ばれています。","This position is called the “mudra denoting the highest rebirth of the highest quality” (jobonjosho-in). "]
[1157,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","高徳院","こうとくいん","Kotokuin","高徳院とその大仏はフィクション、詩、日記そして随筆に描かれています。","Kotokuin and its Great Buddha (Daibutsu) are featured in fiction, poetry, diaries, and essays. "]
[1158,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","書物","日本渡航記","にほんとこうき","The Voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan","高徳院は、1613年のキャプテン・ジョン・セーリスの日本渡航記で言及されています。","Kotokuin is mentioned in The Voyage of Captain John Saris to Japan, 1613."]
[1159,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","人物・人名・役職名","リチャード・コックス","りちゃーど・こっくす","Richard Cocks","リチャード・コックスは、江戸時代の初めに、九州の平戸にあるイギリス商館の館長でした。","Richard Cocks (1566–1624) was head of the British East India Company’s trading post in Hirado, in northern Kyushu, from 1613 to 1623, when it closed. "]
[1160,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","工芸・美術品","プロムナード・ジャポネーズ","ぷろむなーど・じゃぽねーず","Promenades japonaises","高徳院を訪れた後、ギメは周囲の樹木の中から「青銅の丘」ともいえるような大仏の頭部についてプロムナード・ジャポネーズで説明しました。","After visiting Kotokuin, Guimet wrote a travel account (Promenades japonaises) in which he described the head of the Great Buddha as rising “like a copper hillock” from among the surrounding trees."]
[1161,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","人物・人名・役職名","エメ・アンベール","えめ・あんべーる","Aime Humbert","1863年、江戸時代（1600〜1867）が終わりに近づいたとき、エメ・アンベールはスイスの全権大使として来日し、翌年に彼の国と日本との貿易条約に調印しました。","In 1863, as the Edo period was drawing to a close, Aime Humbert (1819–1900) traveled to Japan as the head of the first Swiss trade mission to Japan."]
[1162,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","社会","鎖国","さこく","isolation from the outside world","大仏と西洋との交流は１７世紀初頭から１９世紀中旬まで時の幕府によって施行された鎖国制度によって、中断されました。","From the early seventeenth century through to the middle of the nineteenth century, the military government of Japan pursued a policy of isolation from the outside world. "]
[1163,"神奈川県","宗教法人　高徳院","社会","開国","かいこく","reopening of the country","しかし、ふたたびの開国によって、また交流は復活しました。","With the reopening of the country, however, Western visitors began to return to Kamakura."]
[1164,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","逆杉","さかさすぎ","sakasasugi","しかし万巻はこれで満足せず、この敵を逆杉（地滑りで根こそぎ水中に真っ直ぐ流され、湖の底にはまり込んだ杉の木）の1本に縛り付けました。","But Mangan remained unsatisfied, and tied his adversary to one of the sakasasugi—the cryptomeria trees that a landslide had swept into the water upright, roots and all, and were stuck to the bottom of the lake."]
[1165,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","年中行事","節分","せつぶん","Setsubun","「しだれ柳」の花火が目玉の15分のショーは、新しい1年を迎えるために12月31日の深夜に開催され、一方、これによく似た2月2日の夜の20分間のショーは、節分（日本における伝統的な春の始まり）を前にしたお祭りの目玉です。","A 15-minute show featuring “weeping willow” fireworks is held at midnight on December 31 to ring in the New Year, while a similar 20-minute spectacle in the evening of February 2 is the highlight of festivities preceding Setsubun (the traditional beginning of spring in Japan)."]
[1166,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","史跡","関所","せきしょ","checkpoint","1603年に江戸時代が幕を開ける頃になると、神社の権力は著しく大きくなり、新しい徳川幕府が神社の境内のかなり近くを通る東海道沿いに関所を設けようとした時には、僧侶たちは実質的にこの計画に抵抗することができました。","By the time the Edo period began in 1603, the shrine’s power had grown considerably, and when the new Tokugawa shogunate sought to establish a checkpoint along the Tokaido highway passing quite close to the shrine precincts, the priests were able to effectively resist the plan.","※「関所」の対訳"]
[1167,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","郷土景観","東海道","とうかいどう","Tokaido highway","公式な政策変更により、江戸（現在の東京）と京都の間を東海道に沿って旅する人々が1晩だけ道から外れることが可能となりました。","A change in official policy allowed people traveling along the Tokaido highway between Edo (present-day Tokyo) and Kyoto to part from the road for one night only."]
[1168,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","食","甘酒","あまざけ","amazake","お茶や甘酒（甘い発酵したお米の飲み物）、軽食を販売する以外にも、お茶屋は飛脚の起点や馬小屋にもなり、旅行者にサービスを提供していました。","In addition to selling tea, amazake (a sweet, fermented rice drink), and light meals, the teahouses served as bases for porters and horse stables offering their services to travelers."]
[1169,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","芒","すすき","susuki grass","仙石原の広大な平原は、背の高いすすきの草（薄、Miscanthus sinensis）で覆われています。","The vast fields of Sengokuhara are covered with tall susuki grass (silvergrass; Miscanthus sinensis)."]
[1170,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","杉","すぎ","sugi","箱根の旧東海道沿いを歩くと、道の両側に生えている多くの素晴らしい杉の木に気付くことになるでしょう。","Walking along the old Tokaido highway in Hakone, you are bound to notice many majestic cryptomeria (sugi) trees growing on both sides of the road."]
[1171,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","工芸・美術品","寄木","よせぎ","yosegi","江戸（現在の東京）と京都を結んだ旧東海道沿いに位置する畑宿の集落は、寄木細工発祥の地です。","The village of Hatajuku, located along the old Tokaido highway that connected Edo (present-day Tokyo) and Kyoto, is the birthplace of yosegi marquetry."]
[1172,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","工芸・美術品","秘密箱","ひみつばこ","himitsu-bako","正しい順番で側面を押し引きしなければ開けられない秘密箱（パズルボックス）は、寄木細工の人気アイテムです。","Himitsu-bako (puzzle boxes), which can only be opened by pushing and pulling their sides in the correct order, are a popular item of yosegi craft."]
[1173,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","史跡","一里塚","いちりずか","ichirizuka","工房の他には、村は一里塚、つまり、1里の距離を示す標識で有名です。これらは、江戸時代初期の数年間の間に整備された街道システムや宿場町の一部として徳川幕府が設置したマイルストーンのような一連の土手のことです。","Besides the workshops, the village is notable for its ichirizuka or one-ri distance markers. These are pairs of milestone-like mounds built by the Tokugawa shogunate as part of the system of highways and post towns established in the early years of the Edo period."]
[1174,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","芸能・興行・イベント","見番","けんばん","Kenban","地元の芸者組合は箱根湯本見番によって支えられており、ここは芸者の稽古場でもあり、組合の本部でもあります。","The local geisha association is supported by the Hakone-Yumoto Kenban, which is both a training center for the geisha and the headquarters of the association."]
[1175,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","芸能・興行・イベント","置屋","おきや","okiya","芸者はいわゆる下宿、あるいは置屋によって直接雇用され、配属され、見番が価格を決め、置屋と、芸者が出演を依頼される旅館またはホテルの間の全ての支払いを処理します。","While geisha are directly employed and assigned by so-called lodging houses or okiya, the Kenban decides on prices and handles all payments between the okiya and the ryokan inns or hotels to which the geisha are called to perform."]
[1176,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","年中行事","例祭","れいさい","reisai","宮城野諏訪神社例大祭（年に1度の祭り）は、4月15日に行われ、神職らが地元の神々を称える儀式を行います。","The Miyagino Suwa Shrine reisai (annual festival) takes place on April 15, when shrine priests conduct ceremonies to honor the local deities."]
[1177,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","芸能・興行・イベント","ゆだて獅子舞","ゆだて　ししまい","yudate shishimai","7月15日には、神社は伝統的な獅子舞パフォーマンスである湯立獅子舞を開催します。","On July 15, the shrine plays host to a performance of yudate shishimai, a traditional type of lion dancing."]
[1178,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","人物・人名・役職名","金太郎","きんたろう","Kintaro","金太郎伝説は、日本の民間伝承の定番の1つです。箱根の山の魔女に育てられた金太郎は、人間離れした強さを持ち、若くして化け物や悪魔と闘った男の子です。","The legend of Kintaro is one of the staples of Japanese folklore. Raised by a witch on a mountain in Hakone, Kintaro is a boy with superhuman strength who fought monsters and demons from an early age."]
[1179,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","九頭龍","くずりゅう","Kuzuryu","龍は九頭の神、九頭龍に変身し、今では芦ノ湖とその周辺地域を守る守護神として崇められています。","The dragon turned into Kuzuryu, a nine-headed deity now revered as the protector of Lake Ashi and the surrounding area."]
[1180,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","年中行事","神輿","みこし","mikoshi","伝統的な衣装をまとった参加者は神輿（移動式の神社）を乗せた台車を引き、芦ノ湖の湖岸路を歩きます。","Participants in traditional clothing walk along roads on the shores of Lake Ashi, pushing carts that carry mikoshi (portable shrines)."]
[1181,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","芸能・興行・イベント","盆踊り","ぼんおどり","Bon odori","毎年8月11日に開催されるこの祭りでは、日本の夏の風物詩であるエネルギッシュなダンス、盆踊りがメインとなります。","Held on August 11 every year, this festival centers on Bon odori, an energetic dance that is a symbol of summer in Japan."]
[1182,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","年中行事","虫送り","むしおくり","mushiokuri","虫送りとは、収穫期の前に作物への被害を防ぐために害虫を駆逐する夏の風習で、日本中の農業地域で行われています。","Mushiokuri is a summer custom, practiced in agricultural communities throughout Japan, of driving away harmful insects to prevent damage to crops before the harvest season."]
[1183,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","年中行事","お盆","おぼん","Obon","これは仏教において、ご先祖様の霊のこの世への一時的な帰還をお迎えしてまつるお盆の時期の最終日となる、8月16日に開催されます。","It takes place on August 16, the final day of the Buddhist Obon period, during which people honor the spirits of their ancestors by temporarily welcoming them back into the realm of the living."]
[1184,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","篠竹","しのだけ","shinodake bamboo","強羅にある明神岳の頂上付近に据えられた火は、200〜300本の松明によって灯されます。松明はそれぞれ約100本の篠竹を束にして括ったもので、山腹に仕組まれます。","The fires, placed near the summit of Mt. Myojin in Gora, are fueled by 200 to 300 torches, each one a bundle of about a hundred stalks of shinodake bamboo, which are tied together and set up on the mountainside."]
[1185,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","社会","大名行列","だいみょうぎょうれつ","daimyo gyoretsu","各地の領主はその名声と富をひけらかそうと、家臣に豪華な衣装を着させ、他にも豊かさを象徴する物を持たせたため、大名行列はしばしば豪華に飾り立てられたものになりました。","Daimyo processions (daimyo gyoretsu) were often impressively fitted out, as the ruler of each domain sought to show off his prestige and wealth by dressing his retainers in luxurious clothing and having them carry other symbols of abundance."]
[1186,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","年中行事","豆撒き","まめまき","mamemaki","この日はまた清めの日でもあり、清めは豆まきの儀式を通じて行われます。直訳で「豆を投げる」という意味のこの行事は、邪を祓う目的で行われます。","It is also a day of cleansing, which is accomplished through the ritual of mamemaki. Literally “bean-throwing,” this is a custom by which people seek to ward off evil."]
[1187,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","若杉","わかすぎ","wakasagi","芦ノ湖はニジマス、ブラックバス、ブラウントラウトを含むいくつかの食用種の魚の棲み処ですが、ワカサギで最もよく知られています。","Lake Ashi is home to several species of edible fish, including rainbow trout, black bass, and brown trout, but it is best known for its wakasagi (Japanese pond smelt)."]
[1188,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","郷土景観","湯坂道","ゆさかみち","Yusakamichi","江戸時代（1603～1867）以前、東海道が箱根を通る主なルートだった頃、旅人はこの山の多い地域を超えるために古い湯坂道を使いました。","Before the Edo period (1603–1867), when the Tokaido highway was the main route through Hakone, travelers would use the ancient Yusakamichi road to cross this mountainous region."]
[1189,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","その他","恩賜","おんし","onshi","恩賜という日本語の言葉はこの場合は「天皇からの贈り物」を意味し、芦ノ湖を見下ろすこの公園の由来へのヒントを与えています。","The Japanese word onshi in this case means “gift from the emperor” and provides a hint as to the origins of this park overlooking Lake Ashi."]
[1190,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","庭園・公園","枯山水","かれさんすい","Zen-style rock garden","これは、北条早雲の末子、幻庵（1493年–1589年）が境内に禅式の枯山水庭園を築いたと言われる時期とも重なります。","This was also when Hojo Soun’s youngest son, Gen’an (1493–1589), is said to have constructed the Zen-style rock garden on the premises.","※「枯山水」の対訳"]
[1191,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","浄土","じょうど","Jodo","彼は翌年その場所に仏教の浄土宗の寺を建立し、阿弥陀仏の名を冠しました。","He established a temple of the Jodo or Pure Land school of Buddhism in the same place the following year, naming it after the Amida Buddha."]
[1192,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","山桜","やまざくら","yamazakura","畑宿には、互いに相手に枝を伸ばし合っているかのような2本の山桜（野生の桜）の木があります。","In Hatajuku, two yamazakura (wild cherry) trees growing side by side appear to be reaching for each other’s branches."]
[1193,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","姫沙羅","ひめしゃら","himeshara","箱根神社の裏の急な斜面には、100本以上の姫沙羅の木が天に向かって伸びているのが見られます。","More than 100 himeshara (Tall stewartia, Stewartia monadelpha) trees can be seen reaching for the sky on the steep hillside behind Hakone Shrine."]
[1194,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水","てみず","temizu","白山神社の神水は神社にお参りする前にお清めをする手水の鉢に直接流れ込んでいます。","Hakusan Shrine, where spring water flows directly into the basin used for temizu, the purification rite performed before praying at a shrine."]
[1195,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","食","和菓子","わがし","wagashi","この店は和菓子（日本の伝統的スイーツ）の専門店ですが、水源から取った水も瓶詰めして売っています。","While it specializes in wagashi (traditional sweets), this store also sells bottled water from its own well head."]
[1196,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","植物","ナデシコ","なでしこ","nadeshiko dianthus","アヤメやナデシコ、ミズチドリなどの在来植物が戻ってきたことでも証明されているように、園の生物多様性は堅実に育まれています。","Its biodiversity is improving steadily, as evidenced by the return of native plants such as the Japanese water iris, the nadeshiko dianthus, and the Platanthera hologlottis orchid grass."]
[1197,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","人物・人名・役職名","弁財天","べんざいてん","Benzaiten","深沢銭洗（「お金を洗う」）弁財天は、知識、美、芸術の女神である弁財天を祀っており、1926年に設立されました。","Enshrining Benzaiten, the goddess of knowledge, beauty, and the arts, Fukazawa Zeni-arai (“money-washing”) Benten was established in 1926."]
[1198,"神奈川県","箱根DMO（一般財団法人箱根町観光協会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","七福神","しちふくじん","Seven Lucky Gods","運があまりないと感じていますか？日本の神話によれば、いわゆる七福神を祀った一連の神社仏閣巡りが不運を抜け出す一つの有効な対処法です。","Feeling a little out of luck? If you go by Japanese mythology, one potent cure for misfortune is a pilgrimage to a set of shrines and temples dedicated to the so-called Seven Lucky Gods.","※「七福神」の対訳"]
[1199,"新潟県","佐渡市","社会","小判","こばん","koban","江戸時代に日本を統治した徳川幕府は、鉱山の支配権を握り、主に当時日本全土で貨幣として使われた楕円形の小判など、産出された金を使って貨幣を鋳造しました。","The Tokugawa shogunate, which ruled the country during the Edo period, seized control of the mines and used the gold to make coins, mainly the oval koban that were used as currency throughout the realm."]
[1200,"新潟県","佐渡市","その他","大流し","おおながし","onagashi","これら伝統的な慣行のひとつは「大流し」と呼ばれる砂金の採取です。「大流し」では水を使って、菌が含まれる砂やより軽い石を洗い流し、そうすることで金の粒子を選り分けます。","One of these traditional practices is the placer style of mining called onagashi, in which water is used to wash away sand and lighter debris from the heavier particles of gold."]
[1201,"新潟県","佐渡市","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamaebune","宿根木は、本州の北部と瀬戸内海の商業都市大阪を結び、日本海の海岸に沿って進む北前船の航路にある寄港地でした。","Shukunegi was a node on the kitamaebune shipping route along the coast of the Sea of Japan, connecting the northern part of Honshu, Japan’s main island, with the mercantile city of Osaka on the Inland Sea."]
[1202,"新潟県","佐渡市","芸能・興行・イベント","鬼太鼓","おにだいこ","onidaiko","鬼太鼓、あるいは地元の方言で「おんでこ」は、鬼（神の力を持つと考えられている）が踊りながら太鼓をたたき、近隣や集落の厄を払う伝統芸能です。","Onidaiko, or ondeko as it is known in the local dialect, is a traditional performance art in which an oni (an ogre-like being regarded as having divine qualities) dances and pounds on a drum to exorcise evil spirits in a neighborhood or village. "]
[1203,"新潟県","佐渡市","芸能・興行・イベント","一足","いっそく","issoku","踊りには、一足、豆まき、前浜、花笠、潟上という5種類の主流スタイルがあります。一足系では鬼は片足で踊ります。","There are five main styles of the dance: issoku, mamemaki, maehama, hanagasa, and katagami. 　In the issoku style, the oni dances on one foot."]
[1204,"新潟県","佐渡市","芸能・興行・イベント","豆まき","まめまき","mamemaki","豆まき系では、武士に相応しい着物を纏った2人目が加わります。","The mamemaki style involves a second figure wearing robes appropriate for a samurai. "]
[1205,"新潟県","佐渡市","芸能・興行・イベント","前浜","まえはま","maehama","前浜系では笛の演奏、さらに1人ではなく2人の鬼が特色となっており","The maehama style features flute music and two oni instead of one"]
[1206,"新潟県","佐渡市","芸能・興行・イベント","花笠","はながさ","hanagasa","花笠系は鬼の踊りと、踊り手が花を飾った円すい形の帽子をかぶって踊る花笠踊りが融合しています。","the hanagasa style combines the dance of the oni with the hanagasa odori, a dance in which performers wear conical hats adorned with flowers."]
[1207,"新潟県","佐渡市","芸能・興行・イベント","潟上","かたがみ","katagami","潟上系はもっとも一般的な様式で、能と獅子舞（日本のライオンの踊り）の技法が取り入れられています。","Katagami, the most common style, incorporates techniques from Noh and shishimai (Japanese lion dancing)."]
[1208,"新潟県","佐渡市","動物","トキ","とき","toki","佐渡島には360種以上の鳥を見つけることができ、その中で最も有名なのがトキです。","More than 360 types of birds can be seen on Sado Island, and the crested ibis (toki) is the most famous of them all."]
[1209,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","おけさ柿","おけさがき","okesagaki","佐渡はおけさ柿で知られており、これは干して食べられることもある、島では秋を代表する果物です。","Sado is known for Okesagaki persimmons, a hallmark of autumn on the island, which are often eaten dried."]
[1210,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","寒ブリ","かんぶり","kanburi","島の北部の特産品のひとつには、両津港を拠点とする漁師たちが釣り上げる「冬のブリ」、寒ブリがあります。","One specialty of the northern part of the island is kanburi, or “winter yellowtail,” which is caught by fishermen based at Ryotsu Port."]
[1211,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","サザエ","さざえ","sazae","夏にはアワビやサザエなどの貝類が旬になります。","Summer is the season for shellfish such as abalone and sazae (horned turban)."]
[1212,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","いごねり","いごねり","igoneri","佐渡特有の料理にいごねりがあります。この海藻を固めた料理は、海藻のいご草を煮てとろっとしたゼリーのような食感にすることで作られます。","A dish that is unique to Sado is igoneri; a seaweed cake made by boiling igogusa seaweed to thicken its jelly-like texture. "]
[1213,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","島黒豚","しまくろぶた","shima kurobuta","島黒豚と呼ばれる黒い毛の佐渡豚も人気です。","Black-haired Sado pork, called shima kurobuta, is also popular."]
[1214,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","辛口","からくち","karakuchi","佐渡島は、新潟県全般と同じく、米とそれを使って醸造される辛口の日本酒で有名です。","Sado Island, like Niigata Prefecture in general, is famous for its rice and for the dry sake (karakuchi) that is brewed from it."]
[1215,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","大吟醸","だいぎんじょう","daiginjo","北雪酒造は、世界中のラグジュアリーレストランでも振舞われるYK35大吟醸（最高級の日本酒）を手掛けた酒蔵です。","Hokusetsu Shuzo produces YK35, a daiginjo (the highest-grade sake) which is served in luxury restaurants around the world."]
[1216,"新潟県","佐渡市","食","純米","じゅんまい","junmai","加藤酒造店は、純米酒（アルコールや砂糖を添加しない純粋な日本酒）の金鶴で有名です。","Kato Shuzoten is famed for Kintsuru, a junmai (pure sake made without added alcohol or sugar)."]
[1217,"新潟県","佐渡市","乗物","たらい舟","たらいぶね","taraibune","たらい舟（タブボート）は小さな円形の船で、日本の伝統的な風呂桶に似ていることからその名前が付けられました。","Taraibune “tub boats” are small, circular vessels that resemble, and are named for, traditional Japanese bathtubs. "]
[1218,"新潟県","佐渡市","乗物","はんぎり","はんぎり","hangiri boats","たらい舟は寿司用の酢飯を作るのに使われる木製の容器「飯切り」に似ていることから、「はんぎり」船とも呼ばれます。","The taraibune are also called hangiri boats because of their resemblance to the wooden containers (hangiri) used to make vinegared sushi rice."]
[1219,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","工芸・美術品","越後縮","えちごちぢみ","Echigo chijimi","十日町は、カラムシと呼ばれるイラクサの一種から紡がれた糸で織られた織物・越後縮（えちごちぢみ）生産発祥の地として知られている。","Tōkamachi is known as the birthplace of Echigo chijimi, a cloth woven from thread that is spun from a type of ramie called karamushi."]
[1220,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","イラクサ","いらくさ","ramie","十日町は、カラムシと呼ばれるイラクサの一種から紡がれた糸で織られた織物・越後縮（えちごちぢみ）生産発祥の地として知られている。","Tōkamachi is known as the birthplace of Echigo chijimi, a cloth woven from thread that is spun from a type of ramie called karamushi."]
[1221,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","カラムシ","からむし","karamushi","十日町は、カラムシと呼ばれるイラクサの一種から紡がれた糸で織られた織物・越後縮（えちごちぢみ）生産発祥の地として知られている。","Tōkamachi is known as the birthplace of Echigo chijimi, a cloth woven from thread that is spun from a type of ramie called karamushi."]
[1222,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","動物","齧歯類","げっしるい","rodents","スギの葉には、弱酸のフェノール類と、ねずみや他の齧歯類にとって不快な天然油が含まれている。","Cedar leaves contain phenol, a mild acid, as well natural oils that mice and other rodents find unpleasant."]
[1223,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","山菜","さんさい","sansai","春になると住民は山菜（山に自生する野菜）採りに出かけた。この時期の山菜は暖かい気候で採れるものよりも甘い。","Come spring, residents foraged for sansai, or wild mountain vegetables, which are sweeter than those found in warmer climates."]
[1224,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","集落・街","チンコロ市","ちんころいち","“chinkoro market”","この節季市は、米粉（新粉）を蒸して練り上げた子犬の置物（日本原産の犬であるチンから取って、チンコロと呼ばれる）にちなんで「チンコロ市」とも呼ばれている。","The winter market is also called the “chinkoro market” after the small, handmade figurines of puppies (or chinkoro, after the Japanese Chin dog) made of steamed rice-paste that were first sold at the market around the turn of the twentieth century."]
[1225,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","ケヤキ","けやき","Japanese zelkova","1月になると、大白倉集落の住民たちはワラとケヤキを使用して、高さ10メートル、直径8メートルのバイトウと呼ばれる巨大な小屋を建てる。","In January, villagers in Ōshirakura use straw and Japanese zelkova to build a baitō, a huge hut that is 10 meters tall and 8 meters in diameter. "]
[1226,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","史跡","土器","どき","clay vessels, or pottery","土器を使うことで、先縄文時代の人々は料理が可能になり、さまざまな食べ物を食べられるようになった。また、弓矢を使うことでウサギなどの獲物をより効率よく捕まえられるようになった","The use of clay vessels allowed pre-Jōmon people to cook a wider variety of foods, and the bow allowed them to hunt game like rabbits with greater efficiency."]
[1227,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","史跡","火焔型土器","かえんがたどき","“flame-style” vessels","博物館に収蔵されている火焔型土器（かえんがたどき）が作り出されたと考えられているのも縄文時代中期である。","It was during the middle period of Jōmon that the “flame-style” vessels (kaengata doki) in the museum’s collection are believed to have been developed. "]
[1228,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","その他","御召","おめし","omeshi","十日町は、将軍家の夏服用に作られた御召と呼ばれる撚りの強い糸織物で有名だった。","Tōkamachi was particularly famous for omeshi, a version of the textile woven from tightly spun thread that was made into summer clothes for members of the shogunal government."]
[1229,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","工芸・美術品","友禅","ゆうぜん","surface of the fabric","1950年代には、布地の表面に直接絵を描くように色を付ける友禅染めの技法が織物生産に組み込まれ、その産業は現在も栄えている。","In the 1950s, the technique of painting dyes directly onto the surface of the fabric (yūzen) was incorporated into the production of textiles, an industry that still thrives today. "]
[1230,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","年中行事","成人式","せいじんしき","coming-of-age ceremony ","成人式は1月に開催されるのが伝統だが、十日町では厳しい冬を避けるため春に開催される。 ","The festival coincides with the coming-of-age ceremony (seijinshiki) that is traditionally held in January."]
[1231,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","その他","「光の種」","ひかりのたね","“seeds of light” ","「光の種」と呼ばれる色付きのLEDが多数設置された雪原の上に花火が打ち上げられ、観客は、キラキラと輝く雪原が地域最大の花火で照らされる様子を楽しみながら、屋台で地元のグルメも味わうことができる。","A firework display is held over a snowfield scattered with colored LEDs called the “seeds of light.” Spectators can savor local delicacies served at food stalls while enjoying the crystalline snowscape illuminated by the largest fireworks display in the region. "]
[1232,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","その他","「冬将軍」","ふゆしょうぐん","“Shogun of Winter” ","祭りのクライマックスは「雪中鉄人レース」で、500人の参加者が松代（まつだい）城跡を目指し、「冬将軍」の手から松代城を奪い返すために競い合う。 ","The festival’s climax is the “Snow Iron Man Race,” in which 500 participants race to reach the Matsudai Castle ruins and reclaim them from the “Shogun of Winter.” "]
[1233,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","自然現象","柱状節理","ちゅうじょうせつり","“columnar jointing” ","「柱状節理」と呼ばれる峡谷の岩層は、マグマが峡谷の両側を構成する火成岩（ひん岩）に冷却されたときに造られた。","The rock formations, called “columnar jointing,” were created when magma cooled into the igneous rock (porphyrite) that makes up both sides of the gorge."]
[1234,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","岩石・洞窟","火成岩","かせいがん","igneous rock","「柱状節理」と呼ばれる峡谷の岩層は、マグマが峡谷の両側を構成する火成岩（ひん岩）に冷却されたときに造られた。","The rock formations, called “columnar jointing,” were created when magma cooled into the igneous rock (porphyrite) that makes up both sides of the gorge."]
[1235,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","岩石・洞窟","ひん岩","ひんがん","porphyrite","「柱状節理」と呼ばれる峡谷の岩層は、マグマが峡谷の両側を構成する火成岩（ひん岩）に冷却されたときに造られた。","The rock formations, called “columnar jointing,” were created when magma cooled into the igneous rock (porphyrite) that makes up both sides of the gorge."]
[1236,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","郷土景観","田毎の月のモチーフ","たごとのつきのモチーフ","tagoto no tsuki motif ","有名な田毎の月（たごとのつき）のモチーフは、水が張られただけの水田一枚一枚に映る月を表現しており、多くの現代写真家がこの光景を写真にとらえようと苦心している。","The famous tagoto no tsuki motif shows the moon reflected in each of the flooded paddies of an empty rice field, a scene that many modern photographers labor to capture."]
[1237,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","ブナ","ぶな","beech (Fagus crenata) ","ブナは高山植物の一種と考えられており、通常は1,000メートル以上の高度で成長する。","The beech (Fagus crenata) is considered an alpine species, and it usually grow at altitudes of at least 1,000 meters."]
[1238,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","高山植物","こうざんしょくぶつ","alpine species","ブナは高山植物の一種と考えられており、通常は1,000メートル以上の高度で成長する。","The beech (Fagus crenata) is considered an alpine species, and it usually grow at altitudes of at least 1,000 meters."]
[1239,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","カラムシの繊維","からむしのせんい","ramie plant fibers","このコレクションでは、カラムシの繊維から作られた越後縮（えちごちぢみ）の製造に使用される技術と道具も紹介されている。","The collection also showcases the techniques and implements used in the production of Echigo chijimi crêpe, which is made from ramie plant fibers. "]
[1240,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","植物","布海苔","ふのり","funori","糸は滑らかではなかったため、江戸時代（1603〜1867）には布海苔（ふのり）が使われ始めた。布海苔とは糊付けに使用される海藻で、糸を滑らかにして補強する接着剤となる。","Since the thread could be rough, during the Edo period (1603–1867) women started using funori, a marine alga also known as glueweed, as an adhesive to smooth and strengthen it."]
[1241,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","温泉","ホウ酸","ほうさん","boric acid","温泉水には、他のどの温泉よりも多い1リットルあたり349.5 mgのホウ酸が含まれており、皮膚病の治療に効果的な抗真菌性と抗細菌性を持っている。","The waters contain 349.5 parts per million of boric acid—more than any other Japanese hot spring—which has antifungal and antibacterial properties that are effective for treating skin ailments. "]
[1242,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","温泉","メタケイ酸","めたけいさん","metasilicic acid","温泉は弱アルカリ性で刺激が少なく、メタケイ酸の天然の保湿特性により、しっとり輝く肌を作ると言われている。","The gentle low alkalinity of the water and the natural moisturizing properties of the water’s metasilicic acid are said to produce moist, glowing skin."]
[1243,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）十日町市食と農の景勝地推進委員会","史跡","物置小屋","ものおきごや","storage shed","芸術作品の中には、長いベンチや物置小屋、かかしなどの形で、実用的にデザインされたものや、地元の自然や農業を見どころにしたものなどがある。","Some pieces, in the form of long benches, storage sheds, or scarecrows, were designed to be functional; other artworks highlight local nature and agriculture."]
[1244,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","管領","かんりょう","deputy shogun","上杉家の家臣となるべく生まれた謙信はのちに正式に上杉家の養子となり、管領と呼ばれる非常に権威ある職を与えられた。","Born to a retainer of the Uesugi family, he was later officially adopted by the Uesugi family and awarded the highly prestigious position of deputy shogun. "]
[1245,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","城跡","じょうせき","castle ruins","城跡は1950年代に地元の林業労働者によって発見され、1976年に新潟県の文化財に指定された。","The castle ruins were rediscovered by a local woodcutter in the 1950s and designated a Niigata Cultural Property in 1976."]
[1246,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","山城","やまじろ、さんじょう"," mountain castles","16世紀末に作られた城ではあるが、このような山城は、日本における大規模な要塞の中でも最も初期の形態であり、戦国時代（1467～1568）の大名が丘の頂上や開けた平野部に建てたさらに大規模な城の先駆けとなるものだった。","Though Arato Castle was built in the late sixteenth century, mountain castles (yamashiro) like this one were one of the earliest forms of large-scale fortification in Japan, and they became the precursors of the larger castles that daimyo built on hilltops or on Japan’s open plains during the Warring States period (1467–1568). "]
[1247,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","土塁","どるい","earthen walls","また、主郭の北側一帯には土塁が築かれているほか、郭内の一角には、かつて物見やぐらが立っていた見晴らしのよい一段高くなっている場所がある。","Earthen walls were constructed around the main bailey’s northern side, and a raised clearing that once held a signal tower is visible in one corner of the enclosure. "]
[1248,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","柵","さく","wooden palisades","それぞれの郭は木製の柵で囲まれており、そこに設けられた狭間と銃眼から、守る側は敵に向かって火縄銃を撃つことができるようになっていた。","The baileys were encircled by wooden palisades with loopholes and gun ports through which the defenders could fire on the enemy."]
[1249,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本尊","ほんぞん","principle image","本尊の観音像は左手に蓮の花のつぼみを持っている。","The principle image of Kannon at Yagisawa Kannondō (at center) holds a lotus bud in its left hand, which is said to purify those who suffer. "]
[1250,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","社会","大名行列","だいみょうぎょうれつ","retinues","だいみょうぎょうれつが参勤交代に通る三国街道の一部に組み込まれたのである。","Shogunate (1603–1868) when it became a section of the Mikuni Road, the route taken by daimyo and their retinues when they made obligatory trips to Edo every other year."]
[1251,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","三尸\n三虫","さんし\nさんちゅう","three worms","庚申とは、三尸（さんし）が体から抜け出して天の王宮に自分の罪を報告しにいかないよう、信者たちが不眠を貫く日のことを指す。 "," Kōshin refers to a day when followers do not sleep in order to prevent three worms from escaping their bodies and reporting on their sins to the Court of Destiny."]
[1252,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","自然現象","雪崩","なだれ"," avalanche ","この大雪によって引き起こされた雪崩は、深さ約6メートル、幅約200メートルにもなり、この記念碑のある場所から池田家（いけだや）の南までの一帯を覆いつくした。","The resulting avalanche was approximately six meters deep and 200 meters wide, covering an area that stretched from the site of this monument south to the Ikedaya inn."]
[1253,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","司命","しめい","Court of Destiny","庚申の当夜、眠りにつくと、人間の体内にいる三尸（さんし）が逃げ出して、眠っている宿主の悪事を天の王宮へ報告し、その内容によっては司命の寿命が短くなると信じられていた。","According to Kōshin belief, when one fell asleep on the night of a kōshin day, three worms that dwell in the body would escape and report on the sleeping person’s wrongdoings to the Court of Destiny. "]
[1254,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","里宮","さとみや","local auxiliary shrine.","目の前にある神社は、実際には伊米神社の本宮ではなく、里宮、または地元の補助神社である。","The shrine you see before you is not actually the main shrine of Ime Jinja, but a satomiya, or local auxiliary shrine. "]
[1255,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","動物","イワナ","いわな","char","本社の近くを流れる山からの清流は、クレソン、イワナのほか、梅花藻と呼ばれる水生顕花植物の生息地となっている。","The pure mountain stream that flows through the main shrine precincts is home to watercress, char (iwana), and an aquatic flowering plant called baikamo (Ranunculus nipponicus)."]
[1256,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","植物","光ゴケ","ひかりごけ","Luminous moss","ヒカリゴケは北半球に分布し、雨溝や洞窟など他の植物がほとんど育たないような軟らかくじめじめした土壌の光の少ない環境で生育する。","Luminous moss (Schistostega pennata) is found throughout the Northern Hemisphere in gullies, caves, and other environments with soft, damp soil and low-light conditions where few other plants survive. "]
[1257,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","その他","金網","かなあみ","wire fence","金網が設置されているのは動物からコケを保護するためである。","A wire fence was erected here to protect the moss from animals. "]
[1258,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","史跡","関所","せきしょ","checkpoint","これらの4軒の宿を経営していた各家族の長はいずれも村の名主で、この地域を取り締り、税を徴収する人たちであった。","The heads of the families operating these four inns were the town headmen, who policed the area, collected taxes, and guarded the checkpoint. "]
[1259,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","史跡","脇本陣","わきほんじん","secondary inns","池田家（いけだや）は1828年に三俣（みつまた）で創業し、3軒ある脇本陣のうちの1軒として、主要な宿（本陣）が埋まっていた場合に大名などの身分の高い人物が宿泊する場所として利用された。","Ikedaya was established in Mitsumata in 1828 as one of three wakihonjin, or inns that served daimyo and other high-status dignitaries when the primary inn (honjin) was occupied."]
[1260,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","建造物等","石置木羽葺き","いしおきこばぶき","cedar shingles secured by large rocks","元々の屋根は石置木羽葺き（いしおきこばぶき）したものだった。","The original roof was made with cedar shingles secured by large rocks. "]
[1261,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","建造物等","くぐり戸","くぐりど"," wicket door","徒歩で到着した飛脚や商人たちは低いくぐり戸から入っていったが、米や毛織物などの商品を積んだ馬や荷車が入れるよう、扉全体を開くこともできた。","Messengers and merchants arriving on foot entered through a low wicket door, but the entire wall could be opened to allow entry for horses and carts loaded with rice, cloth, and other goods."]
[1262,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","史跡","刺股","さすまた","spear-fork","最後は「刺股（さすまた）」である。刺股は現在でも日本の警察や学校で非致死兵器として使用されている。","The last of these, called a “spear-fork” (sasumata), is still employed as a non-lethal weapon by Japanese police and in Japanese schools.","※江戸時代（1603〜1868年）、武器庫には犯罪人を制圧し、捕らえるために使用する3つの特殊な武器あった。\nDuring the Edo period (1603–1868), the weapon rack would have held three specialized weapons that were used to subdue and capture criminals."]
[1263,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","名主","なぬし"," village headmen","祭りを始めたのは、江戸時代（1603～1868）に大名などの身分の高い旅人をもてなす宿の経営で成功を収めた村の4人の名主たちである。","The festival was started by the four village headmen who prospered from managing the inns that hosted daimyo and other high-status travelers during the Edo period (1603–1868). "]
[1264,"新潟県","（上信越高原国立公園）三俣地域多言語解説協議会","建造物等","欄間","らんま","transoms","襖の上の欄間には、池田家の正式家紋（揚羽蝶）の彫刻が中央に施されており、その家紋の両隣には、妻の家紋（菊座橘）が配置されている。","The transoms above them are carved with the official Ikeda family crest, a swallowtail butterfly resting with its wings folded, which is flanked on both sides by the wife’s family crest, an orange surrounded by leaves."]
[1265,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","動物","モリアオガエル","もりあおがえる","forest green tree frog ","モリアオガエルや、ミズチドリ（ラン科ツレサギソウ属の植物で、6月末から7月初めにかけて咲く）などの様々な動植物の生息地となっている。","It is home to the forest green tree frog (Rhacophorus arboreus), a species that is endemic to Japan, and a variety of flora, such as mizuchidori (Platanthera hologlottis), a member of the butterfly orchid family that flowers from late June to early July."]
[1266,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","建造物等","水力発電所","すいりょくはつでんしょ","hydroelectric power stations","堰き止められて以来、湖は90万トンの水を蓄えるまでに大きくなり、その水は複数の水力発電所の動力源としてのほか、50キロメートル下流にある7,200ヘクタールの農地の灌漑用水としても使われている。","Seki River. Since being dammed, the lake’s volume has increased to 900,000 tons of water, which feeds several hydroelectric power stations and irrigates 7,200 hectares of fields 50 kilometers downstream. "]
[1267,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","湖沼","貯水池","ちょすいち","reservoir","1929年には、電力会社2社が関川の2つの支流の合流点を堰き止めることで貯水池と水力発電所を建設し、1951年にそれを笹ヶ峰ダムと名を改めた。","In 1929, two electric power companies dammed the confluence of two Seki River tributaries to build a reservoir and hydropower station. In 1951, it was renamed Sasagamine Dam. "]
[1268,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","湖沼","湖底","こてい","lakebed","約2万5千年前、この一帯は湖底にあったが、火山活動によって徐々に隆起し、標高1,200メートルを超えるまでになった。","This area was a lakebed some twenty-five thousand years ago, but volcanic activity has gradually raised it to an elevation of over 1,200 meters."]
[1269,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","動物","カモシカ","かもしか"," Japanese serows","現在は、サル、カモシカ、ツツドリなどの野生動物がこの一帯に生息している。","Today, this area is inhabited by monkeys, Japanese serows, Himalayan cuckoos, and other wildlife. "]
[1270,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","その他","炭\n木炭","すみ\nもくたん","charcoal","20世紀初め、この一帯の木々は建築資材やスキー板用として木材に加工され、枝部分は木炭を作るために使われていた。","During the early twentieth century, the trees in this area were milled into building materials and lumber for making skis, and the tree branches were used to produce charcoal. "]
[1271,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","植物","カラマツ","からまつ","Japanese larch trees","カラマツはその頑丈さから木材として高い評価を受けている木だ。","The beginning of this course is dominated by two groves of Japanese larch trees (karamatsu), which are prized as lumber for the sturdiness of their wood. "]
[1272,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","高原・湿原・原野","伐採\n山林開拓","ばっさい\nさんりんかいたく","deforestation","宇棚の清水（うだなのしみず）は、1811年に始まった笹ヶ峰（ささがみね）地区の山林開拓および開発の初期段階で発見された湧水である。","Udana Spring was discovered during the area’s first phase of deforestation and development, which began in 1811. "]
[1273,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","植物","毬果","きゅうか","cones","クリスマスツリーとしても使われるほか、長さ約20センチメートルまで育つその毬果は、クリスマスリースに使われる。","They are also used as Christmas trees, and their cones, which grow to about 20 centimeters in length, are used in Christmas wreaths."]
[1274,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","動物","頭","とう","head","牧場が活気に満ちるのは7～8月で、この時期には約100頭の肉牛と乳牛が野原で草をはむ。","The farm becomes lively in July and August, when around 100 head of beef and dairy cattle graze in the fields."]
[1275,"新潟県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）妙高市国立公園多言語推進協議会","建造物等","吊り橋","つりばし","suspension bridge","一茶は1813年4月にこの滝を訪れ、次の句を詠んだ。なお、この句は滝手前の吊り橋近くにある碑に刻まれている。","He visited Naena Falls in April 1813 and composed the following poem, which is inscribed on a monument near the suspension bridge before the falls. "]
[1276,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","芸能・興行・イベント","七五三","しちごさん","shichi-go-san","簡単に従うことのできる温泉のルールは、日本の「七五三」の考え方でしょう。通常は、七五三というと7歳５歳３歳の子供の成長を願う日本の伝統的な儀式のことを言います。"," an easy onsen rule to follow is the Japanese concept of ‘shichi-go-san’ or ‘seven-five-three’, which is usually a traditional rite of passage for children wishing them both health and luck while they are growing up. "]
[1277,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","温泉","かけ湯","かけゆ","kakeyu","浸かる前に、かけ湯をすることが重要です（温泉のお湯を体にかけることで、お湯の温度に体を慣らします）。","Make sure you soak yourself down with kakeyu (adjusting your body to the water’s temperature by pouring onsen water onto your body) before heading in."]
[1278,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","流しそうめん","ながしそうめん","nagashi somen","ここでは暖かい季節には新鮮な山の水を使った流しそうめんを楽しむことができます。","Here you can eat nagashi somen (flowing somen noodles) made using fresh mountain water during the warmer months. "]
[1279,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","きのこ","きのこ","kinoko","気候が涼しくなれば、きのこ蕎麦など季節の美味しい料理を楽しむことができます。","When the weather cools down, seasonal specialties such as kinoko mushroom soba are available. "]
[1280,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","温泉","露天風呂","ろてんぶろ","rotenburo","滝の湯はこのエリアで人気な温泉スポットの一つで赤倉温泉の中心部に位置し、ユニークな露天風呂を体験できます。","Offering visitors a unique rotenburo (outdoor onsen) experience in the heart of Akakura Onsen, Taki no Yu is one of the most popular bathing spots in the area. "]
[1281,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","史跡","関所","せきしょ","sekisho","江戸時代 (1603～1867年) 、将軍は江戸、現在でいう東京に至るすべての街道に置かれた関所を管理していました。","During the Edo period (1603–1867), the shogun controlled sekisho, or checkpoints, on all the highways that lead in and out of Edo (modern day Tokyo). "]
[1282,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","かんずり","かんずり","kanzuri","特にこの地域で生産され、この雪の作用の恩恵を受けている最も有名な食品の一つは、発酵させた唐辛子のペーストで、かんずりと呼ばれています。一般的に約3～6年発酵されるこの人気のペーストは、雪にさらし、麹の酵母菌と柚子の皮を混ぜた、塩漬けの唐辛子から作られます。","One of the specialties to come out of the area is a fermented chili paste called kanzuri, which benefits from the region’s chilly winter conditions.  Typically fermented for three to six years, this popular paste is made up of a mix of salt-pickled togarashi peppers that have been exposed to snow, koji yeast and yuzu citrus  peels."]
[1283,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","唐辛子","とうがらし","togarashi","特にこの地域で生産され、この雪の作用の恩恵を受けている最も有名な食品の一つは、発酵させた唐辛子のペーストで、かんずりと呼ばれています。一般的に約3～6年発酵されるこの人気のペーストは、雪にさらし、麹の酵母菌と柚子の皮を混ぜた、塩漬けの唐辛子から作られます。","One of the specialties to come out of the area is a fermented chili paste called kanzuri, which benefits from the region’s chilly winter conditions.  Typically fermented for three to six years, this popular paste is made up of a mix of salt-pickled togarashi peppers that have been exposed to snow, koji yeast and yuzu citrus  peels."]
[1284,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","麹","こうじ","koji","特にこの地域で生産され、この雪の作用の恩恵を受けている最も有名な食品の一つは、発酵させた唐辛子のペーストで、かんずりと呼ばれています。一般的に約3～6年発酵されるこの人気のペーストは、雪にさらし、麹の酵母菌と柚子の皮を混ぜた、塩漬けの唐辛子から作られます。","One of the specialties to come out of the area is a fermented chili paste called kanzuri, which benefits from the region’s chilly winter conditions.  Typically fermented for three to six years, this popular paste is made up of a mix of salt-pickled togarashi peppers that have been exposed to snow, koji yeast and yuzu citrus  peels."]
[1285,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","日本酒","にほんしゅ","nihonshu","この地域の酒の醸造では、主に雪、水、米という要素が組み合わさることで、一体感のある日本酒の製造を可能としています。","A big part of the sake process in this area is the combination of snow, water and rice, which really brings nihonshu (rice wine) together."]
[1286,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","テーマ施設等","道の駅","みちのえき","michi no eki","道の駅は人気の道路沿いの駅で、日本全国にあり、地元の生鮮食品やその他の地域で作られた品物やお土産物を買うのに絶好のスポットである場合が多いです。","Michi no eki are popular roadside stations found across Japan and are often great spots to pick up local produce and other locally-made items and souvenirs. "]
[1287,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","食","笹寿司","ささずし","sasa zushi","ここで、袋に入った地元産の米や山菜から、焼きたてのパンや笹ずし(笹の葉の上に広げてのせられた寿司)などの自家製の食品を買うことができます。","You can pick up bags of locally grown rice and mountain vegetables, as well as homemade food items including freshly baked bread and sasa zushi (sushi spread out on a bamboo leaf). "]
[1288,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宮殿","くでん","kuden","社殿と宮殿は、宮殿の内部に安置された銅造菩薩立像とともに、国の重要文化財に指定されています。","Its main building and kuden (altar case) are registered as nationally designated cultural properties, as is the bronze bodhisattva statue which sits inside the kuden altar."]
[1289,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","温泉","手湯","てゆ","teyu","赤倉温泉には、手湯や寝湯などユニークな屋外温泉がいくつかあり、絵画のように美しい山々を眺めながら楽しむことができます。","At Akakura Onsen you’ll find some unique outdoor onsen including a teyu (hand bath) and neyu (sleeping bath) spot overlooking the picturesque mountains."]
[1290,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","温泉","寝湯","ねゆ","neyu","赤倉温泉には、手湯や寝湯などユニークな屋外温泉がいくつかあり、絵画のように美しい山々を眺めながら楽しむことができます。","At Akakura Onsen you’ll find some unique outdoor onsen including a teyu (hand bath) and neyu (sleeping bath) spot overlooking the picturesque mountains."]
[1291,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","温泉","足湯","あしゆ","ashiyu","肌寒く感じたら、レストランの隣にある足湯で温めてください。","If you’re feeling chilly, warm up at the ashiyu, or foot bath, next to the restaurant."]
[1292,"新潟県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（妙高赤倉）","動物","ライチョウ","らいちょう","raicho","この地域をすみかとするライチョウを探してみてください。","Keep an eye out for raicho, otherwise known as the rock ptarmigan bird, which calls this area home. "]
[1293,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","合掌造り","がっしょう　づくり","gassho-zukuri","五箇山には40ほどの集落があり、その中には、ユネスコ世界遺産で、急勾配な構造と茅葺き屋根を特徴とする伝統的合掌様式の家屋で有名な相倉合掌造り集落および菅沼合掌造り集落が含まれます。","Gokayama is home to 40 villages, including the UNESCO World Heritage gassho-zukuri villages of Ainokura and Suganuma, renowned for their traditional houses characterized by steep thatched roofs."]
[1294,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","植物","コウゾ","こうぞ","kozo ","土地は主に家屋および農地として使われ、絹の生産を目的としたクワが栽培され、クワの一種で和紙の製造に使われるコウゾも収穫されます。","Mulberries were once raised for silk production, and a type of mulberry known as kozo is cultivated for the production of washi paper. "]
[1295,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","囲炉裏","いろり","irori ","塩硝は、五箇山地域の合掌造りの家に一般的に備わっている囲炉裏の下に掘られた、最長2mの深さの穴の中で作られました。","Saltpeter was created in a hole up to 2 meters deep under the irori fireplaces of the gassho-zukuri (steep thatched roof) houses of the Gokayama region. "]
[1296,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","ささら","ささら","sasara","来訪者は、この家屋の3階まで見て回ることができ、ここの住民に会うこともできます。ここに暮らす家族は、伝統的な囲炉裏を囲んでの興味深い話や民俗音楽の演奏、さらには「ささら」といった伝統楽器の演奏を伴う踊りが大好きです。また、贈り物やお土産を購入することもできます。","Visitors can explore up to the third floor of the house as well as meet its inhabitants; members of the Murakami family, who live here, sit around the traditional irori fireplace while sharing interesting stories and performing folk music and dance accompanied by traditional musical instruments such as the sasara, a clapper made from wooden slats connected by a cord."]
[1297,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","書院造","しょいん　づくり","shoin-zukuri","さらに、客間は書院造と呼ばれる上級武士の屋敷に典型的に見られる様式で建てられています。","The guest rooms were built in shoin-zukuri, a style of architecture typical of the houses of high-ranking samurai. "]
[1298,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","石高","こくだか","kokudaka","この時代、土地の価値は石高というシステムによって決められており、石高は米の量である石という単位で表されていました。","During that time, land value was determined by a system known as kokudaka, expressed in koku or bushels of rice (each 150g)."]
[1299,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","鞘堂","さやどう","sayado","鞘堂の屋根と構造は、この地域の合掌造り（急勾配の茅葺き屋根の家屋）建築と似ています。","The main shrine can be found inside the sayado, a building that protects the shrine from the region’s harsh climate. "]
[1300,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","流刑小屋","るけい　ごや","rukei goya","流刑を受けた人が暮らす小屋は流刑小屋と呼ばれ、五箇山にはかつて多くの流刑小屋が建てられましたが、現存するものは1軒だけです。","Gokayama was home to a number of exile huts known as rukei goya."]
[1301,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","傘鋒","かさぼうこう","kasaboko","1717年の祭りで神輿、傘鋒（天から神霊を招くもの）、獅子舞が取り入れられました。","A festival was held in 1717 that included a portable shrine, a kasaboko (object that summons divine spirits from the heavens), and a lion dance."]
[1302,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","曳山","ひきやま","hikiyama","曳山祭の展示室では、装飾に富んだ曳山を間近で眺めることができます。","Visitors can take a close look at the ornate hikiyama floats inside the main exhibition hall."]
[1303,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","行燈","あんどん","andon","この祭りは、1日目の夜に行燈（大きな紙の提灯）の行列が福野の通りを練り歩くのが見どころであることから、一部の人々の間では紙提灯行列祭としても知られています。","The festival is also known as the Yotaka Lantern Parade as giant paper lanterns (andon) are paraded through the streets of Fukuno on the first night of the festival. "]
[1304,"富山県","南砺市多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","木版画","もくはんが","moku-hanga","棟方の版画作品は木版画に分類されます。この技法は、平塚運一という別の日本人木版画家から学んだものです。","Munakata’s prints are categorized as moku-hanga woodblock art, a technique he learned from another Japanese printmaker, Hiratsuka Un’ichi. "]
[1305,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","食","茶懐石","ちゃかいせき","cha-kaisek","特別な場面で出される懐石料理は、千利休が完成させた正式な茶会の一部として提供される食事「茶懐石」から生まれました。","These multicourse feasts for special occasions emerged from cha-kaiseki, the meal served as part of the formal tea ceremony perfected by Sen no Rikyu."]
[1306,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamaebune,","石川県小松市沿岸にある安宅の裏通りをのんびり歩いていると、「北前船」の歴史を垣間見ることができます。","Strolling the backstreets of the coastal Ataka area of Komatsu in Ishikawa Prefecture offers glimpses into the history of the kitamaebune."]
[1307,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","工芸・美術品","九谷焼","くたにやき","Kutani porcelain ","宝石のようなすばらしい色と大胆な装飾が特徴の九谷焼は、石川県で何世紀にもわたりその伝統を培ってきました。","Celebrated for its brilliant jewel-like colors and bold decorations, the Kutani porcelain tradition has flourished for centuries in Ishikawa Prefecture. "]
[1308,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","人物・人名・役職名","隈研吾","くまけんご","Kuma Kengo,","建築家隈研吾が設計したこの施設には、九谷焼の陶土を作る工場","Designed by architect Kuma Kengo, the venue houses a factory where the base material of Kutani ware."]
[1309,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","那谷寺","なたでら","Nata Temple","風光明媚な重要文化財、小松市の那谷寺。手つかずの森林に囲まれたこの聖域は、さまざまな記録から約1300年前に開創したとされる当時の姿のまま、今日も佇んでいます。","A scenic treasure trove of Important Cultural Properties, the Nata Temple complex in Komatsu is surrounded by untouched woodlands that appear today much as they must have thirteen centuries ago when records suggest the sanctuary was founded."]
[1310,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","安宅住吉神社","あたかすみよしじんじゃ","Ataka Sumiyoshi Shrine","安宅住吉神社は、神道において海と航海の神とされる三神を祀っています。","Ataka Sumiyoshi Shrine worships a trio of Shinto deities recognized as the gods of the sea and sailing."]
[1311,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","食","にしん蕎麦","にしんそば","nishin soba","たとえば、温かい蕎麦に醤油、みりん、砂糖で煮た風味豊かな身欠きにしんを乗せたにしん蕎麦を考えてみてください。","Consider, for example, a dish like nishin soba, which unites a warm serving of buckwheat noodles with savory dried herring simmered in soy sauce, mirin, and sugar."]
[1312,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","食","へしこ","へしこ","Heshiko","サバやイワシなどの青魚を塩と米ぬかで漬けた「へしこ」は、昔は越冬食としてだけでなく外洋に出る漁師たちの食料としても食べられていました。","Heshiko, or bluebacks like mackerel and sardines cured with salt and rice bran, was in olden times a food for wintering as well as provision for fishermen on the high seas. "]
[1313,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","食","杜氏","とうじ","toji ","模は大きくなっても、加越酒造の酒造りは今でも人の手が重要であることに変わりはありません。発酵を止めるべきか、それとも醪をあと数日間泡立たせておくかの重要な判断は酒造りの責任者である杜氏が行います。","Large-scale though it may be, brewing at Kaetsu is still very much a hands-on concern, with the toji brewmaster making critical decisions as to whether fermentation should be stopped or the mash kept bubbling for another couple of days."]
[1314,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","食","大吟醸","だいぎんじょう","daiginjo","精米歩合はそれぞれ吟醸で50%、大吟醸で35%です。 ","The milling rates are 50 and 35 percent, respectively, for the ginjo and daiginjo labels."]
[1315,"石川県","一般社団法人こまつ観光物産ネットワーク","建造物等","数寄屋造り","すきやづくり","sukiya-style","また、敷地内には数寄屋造りの茶室と庭のある「桂松庵」があり、事前に予約をすれば茶会や四季折々の酒を楽しむ会を手配できます。","Also on the grounds is Keisho-an, a sukiya-style tea house and garden where tea ceremonies and seasonal sake tastings can be arranged by prior appointment. "]
[1316,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","社会","石","こく","koku","その価値は、「石」という精白されていない乾米の単位で表現された。1石は、約180リットルに相当する。","These values were expressed in units of dry, unmilled rice called koku, equivalent to about 180 liters. "]
[1317,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","庭園・公園","雪吊","ゆきづり","yukizuri","そして冬になると、庭師たちは、竹と縄を木に結びつけ支える「雪吊」で、この地域の豪雪から、慎重に造った木の形を守るのだ。","In winter, gardeners tie up trees with bamboo and rope supports called yukizuri to help them weather the region’s heavy snowfall and maintain their painstakingly cultivated shape."]
[1318,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","建造物等","障子","しょうじ","shoji","伝統的には紙が貼られている障子だが、いくつかにはガラスが取り付けられており、冷たい空気を室内に入れることなく居住者が庭の雪景色を見られるようになっている。","Some sliding shoji panels, traditionally papered, are inset with glass, allowing the residents to view the snow in the garden without letting cold air inside."]
[1319,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","城跡・城郭・宮殿","櫓","やぐら","turret","再建された建物には、兼六園と金沢城を見渡せる、2つの櫓がある。","The rebuilt structures include two tall turrets with panoramic views over Kenrokuen Garden and the city of Kanazawa."]
[1320,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","組織・団体","加賀藩","かがはん","Kaga domain","玉泉院丸庭園は、加賀藩（現在の石川県とその周辺）の2代目藩主の正室、玉泉院にちなんで名づけられている。","Gyokuseninmaru Garden is named after Gyokusenin, the wife of the second lord of the Kaga domain (present-day Ishikawa and around)."]
[1321,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","建造物等","土塀","どべい","earthen wall","石畳の通りと土塀は、金沢における、江戸時代（1603-1867）の裕福な武士が居住していた区域の特徴である。","The cobblestone streets and tiled earthen walls are characteristic of wealthier samurai districts in Kanazawa during the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[1322,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","工芸・美術品","兜","かぶと","helmet","この博物館には、兜（かぶと）、刀剣と馬鎧（うまよろい）などの、コレクションがある。","The museum’s collection includes helmets, katana swords, and horse armor. "]
[1323,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","家臣","かしん","retainer","保存状態の良い、前田家の家臣・寺島蔵人（1777–1837）の歴史的な邸宅では、18世紀から19世紀にかけての中流階級の武家の暮らしぶりを垣間見ることができる。","The well-preserved historical home of Maeda-family retainer Terashima Kurando (1777–1837) provides a glimpse into how middle-ranking samurai families of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Kanazawa lived."]
[1324,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","城跡・城郭・宮殿","神門","しんもん","shinmon gate","1875年に完成された神社の3層の神門は、1871年に藩制度が終わった後でさえも、金沢の繁栄と重要性のシンボルとなった。","The shrine’s three-storied shinmon gate, completed in 1875, served as a symbol of Kanazawa’s vibrancy and importance even after the end of the system of domains in 1871. "]
[1325,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","芸能・興行・イベント","芸妓","げいこ","geiko","ここは、芸妓（地元での芸者の呼び方）が豪商たちを音楽と踊り、遊びでもてなすために1820年に設置された。","It was established in 1820 as a place for geiko (the local name for geisha) to entertain wealthy merchants with music, dance, and games. "]
[1326,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","建造物等","お茶屋","おちゃや","teahouse","付近のメインストリートには、伝統的な木造のお茶屋が立ち並び、かつての趣を湛えている。","The neighborhood’s main street, lined with traditional wooden teahouses, retains the atmosphere of earlier times."]
[1327,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","商人","しょうにん","merchant","ここは、裕福な商人が人目を忍んで、夜に芸妓を訪れる場所だった。","A small shrine sits atop the Kuragarizaka (lit., “Dusk Hill”) steps, which were once used by rich merchants to discreetly visit geiko in the evenings. "]
[1328,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","芸能・興行・イベント","加賀宝生","かがほうしょう","Kaga-Hosho","当時この地を治めていた前田一族の支援により、地元、加賀宝生流の能楽が繁栄していった。加賀宝生流の能楽が栄えたのは、前田一族が支援したおかげなのだ。","The local Kaga-Hosho school of Noh flourished thanks to the patronage of the ruling Maeda family."]
[1329,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","芸能・興行・イベント","出初め式","でぞめしき","dezomeshiki","出初め式は、国内に見られる、江戸時代から始まった伝統行事だ。当時、高い梯子の上に乗った一人の消防団員が誘導のため、地面にいる他の消防団員に大声で指示していた。","The dezomeshiki tradition, found nationwide, originated in the Edo period (1603–1867) when firefighting brigades were guided by a single firefighter who rode atop a high ladder, shouting instructions to their fellow firefighters below. "]
[1330,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","芸能・興行・イベント","獅子舞","ししまい","lion dancing","行列が城に到着すると、歴史の再現と獅子舞とともに利家の入場を祝される。","The parade’s arrival at the castle is celebrated with historical re-enactments and lion dancing."]
[1331,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","温泉","足湯","あしゆ","footbath","日帰り旅行者は、公共の温泉施設「白鷺の湯」と、隣接する足湯を楽しむことができる。","Daytrippers can enjoy the Shirasagi no Yu public bathhouse and the free adjacent footbath."]
[1332,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","分社","ぶんしゃ","sub-shrine","この祭では、大行列が能登半島を通り、約30km離れた七尾の主要分社まで氣多大社の神を運ぶ。二つ目の祭が鵜祭。","In this festival, a large procession carries the deity of Keta Taisha across the Noto Peninsula to the main Keta sub-shrine in Nanao, about 30 kilometers away."]
[1333,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仏性","ぶっしょう","Buddha-nature","日蓮宗の教えで注目すべきは、人々の中に仏性があると説いている点で、それは今生で悟りを得る可能性がすべての人にある、ということを意味する。","Nichiren Buddhism is noteworthy for its focus on the Buddha-nature of the individual, meaning all people have the potential to attain enlightenment in this lifetime."]
[1334,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白山信仰","はくさんしんこう","Hakusan mountain worship","神社でよく見られる鳥居など、仏教以外の建築要素を取り込むことで、仏教と白山信仰、那谷寺で実践されている自然崇拝の融合を際立たせている。","Its incorporation of non-Buddhist architectural elements, including the torii gates usually found at shrines, marks the syncretic mix of Buddhism, Hakusan mountain worship, Shinto, and nature worship practiced at Natadera."]
[1335,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仏壇","ぶつだん","Buddhist altar","歴史的に金箔は、高級住宅や寺、仏壇、石川県の工芸品に使用されていた。","Historically, gold leaf was used in luxury residences and temples, and on Buddhist altars, another Ishikawa craft."]
[1336,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","食","治部煮","じぶに","jibu-ni","治部煮は、高級懐石料理のコースや石川県内の家庭料理の両方で見られる。","Jibu-ni is found in both high-end kaiseki courses and home cooking around the prefecture. "]
[1337,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","工芸・美術品","輪島塗","わじまぬり","Wajima lacquerware","輪島は、日本でも最大の漆器製造地である。輪島塗は、特にその耐久性が評価されている。","Wajima is the biggest lacquerware producer in Japan, and Wajima lacquerware is particularly valued for its durability."]
[1338,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","工芸・美術品","九谷焼","くたにやき","Kutani ware","九谷焼は、大胆な色使いと精緻なデザインが特徴的だ。","Kutani ware is characterized by bold use of color and elaborate designs."]
[1339,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","建造物等","窯","かま","kiln","九谷焼窯跡展示館には、博物館と、石川県の工芸・九谷焼の復興において重要な1824年に造られた陶器窯がある。","The Kutani-yaki Kiln Exhibition Hall houses a museum and an 1824 porcelain kiln that was critical in reviving the art of Kutani ware."]
[1340,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","工芸・美術品","山中漆器","やまなかしっき","Yamanaka lacquerware","山中うるし座は、郷土工芸である山中漆器に特化した博物館やギャラリー、ショップが併設されている。","Yamanaka Urushi-za is a museum, gallery, and shop dedicated to the local craft of Yamanaka lacquerware."]
[1341,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","工芸・美術品","加賀友禅","かがゆうぜん","Kaga-yuzen","加賀友禅は、5色（臙脂・藍・黄土・草・古代紫）を基調とした色彩と、複雑なデザインが特徴だ。","Kaga-yuzen is characterized by five basic colors (indigo, crimson, dark green, ocher, and royal purple) and intricate designs. "]
[1342,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","茶人","ちゃじん","tea master","初代大樋長左衛門（1631–1712）は、前田家から招かれ、1666年に茶人の仙叟宗室（1622–1697）とともに京都から金沢へやって来た。","Ohi Chozaemon I came to Kanazawa from Kyoto with tea master Senso Soshitsu (1622–1697) in 1666 by invitation from the Maeda family."]
[1343,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamaebune","北前船は、商船。江戸時代（1603–1867）から20世紀の変わり目にかけて、北日本と大阪の間を行き来していた。","Kitamaebune were merchant ships that sailed between northern Japan and Osaka from the Edo period (1603–1867) to the turn of the twentieth century. "]
[1344,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","僧院","そういん","monastery","總持寺祖院（意味：總持寺の祖となる寺院）は、同じ場所に建てられた僧院。","Sojiji Soin (lit. “Sojiji Ancestor Temple”) is a monastery built on the same site."]
[1345,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","建造物等","格子","こうし","lattice","この歴史的な地区には、黒い瓦屋根、木板の壁、格子戸などの、江戸時代の建築が残されている。","This historic district retains its Edo-period architecture of black-tiled roofs, wood-paneled walls, and lattice doors."]
[1346,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","食","昆布","こんぶ","kombu seaweed / kombu","「しら井」は、80年間、昆布を専門に取り扱っている。北日本の重要な産物である昆布は、北前船により石川県でも入手できるようになった。","For 80 years, Shirai has specialized in kombu seaweed, an important commodity from northern Japan that kitamaebune made available in Ishikawa."]
[1347,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","芸能・興行・イベント","でか山","でかやま","dekayama","でか山は毎年、新しく手造りされる。でか山の上には、有名な歌舞伎の場面にちなんだ、等身大の手作りの人形が設置される。","The dekayama are handmade anew each year and topped with life-size, handcrafted figures that portray scenes from famous Kabuki plays. "]
[1348,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","食","発酵食品","はっこうしょくひん","fermented foods","醤油味のアイスクリーム、または発酵食品に特化したランチを試してみると良いだろう。","Try soy sauce-flavored ice cream or a lunch featuring fermented foods."]
[1349,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","その他","難関突破","なんかんとっぱ","overcoming obstacles","安宅住吉神社は、障害を乗り越える「難関突破」の神を祀る、日本で唯一の神社だ。","Ataka Sumiyoshi-jinja is the only Shinto shrine in Japan dedicated to the guardian deity of overcoming obstacles."]
[1350,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","工芸・美術品","縮尺模型","しゅくしゃくもけい","scale model","この資料館の展示物は、航海道具、縮尺模型、船箪笥に特化している。","The museum’s exhibits feature navigation tools, scale models, and ship chests. They provide detailed information illustrating life on board the kitamaebune ships."]
[1351,"石川県","公益社団法人　石川県観光連盟","芸能・興行・イベント","山中節","やまなかぶし","Yamanaka-bushi","彼らが唄っていた舟唄に影響を受け、山中節が生まれた。","Influence from the shanties they sang led to the creation of a song called Yamanaka-bushi. "]
[1352,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","組織・団体","加賀藩","かがはん","Kaga domain","金沢市はかつて加賀藩（封建時代の石川県）の経済的・行政的中心でした。","The city of Kanazawa was once the economic and administrative center of the Kaga domain (feudal-era Ishikawa Prefecture)."]
[1353,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","前田利家","まえだとしいえ","Maeda Toshiie","その公的な創設者である前田利家は、後継者たちとともに城を拡大し、江戸時代（1603―1867）の間、周囲の町を封建時代の日本における最大の城下町のひとつに成長させました。","Its official founder Maeda Toshiie (1538–1599) and his successors enlarged the castle, and over the course of the Edo period (1603–1867) turned the surrounding town into one of the largest castle towns in feudal Japan. "]
[1354,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","土壁","つちかべ","tsuchi-kabe","これらの家屋の多くは、土壁を維持しています。これは、霜や割れから守るために、冬には藁のマットで覆われます。","Many of these residences maintain their original earthen walls (tsuchi-kabe), which are still covered in the winter with straw mats to protect them from frost and subsequent cracking."]
[1355,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","足軽","あしがる","ashigaru","これには、城、藩の施設、侍屋敷、足軽（歩兵）の住居が含まれていました。","This included the castle, domain facilities, samurai residences, and accommodation for ashigaru (foot soldiers). "]
[1356,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","平士","へいし","heishi","中級階級の武士である「平士」は特に多く、約25％の土地を占めました。","Samurai of middle rank (heishi) were especially numerous and occupied roughly 25 percent of this land. "]
[1357,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","郷土景観","組地","くみち","kumichi ","侍階級の最下層の足軽は、市内各地の「組地」と呼ばれる指定区域に住んでいました。","Ashigaru, the lowest-ranking samurai class, lived in designated wards called kumichi in various parts of the city. "]
[1358,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","八家","はっか","hakka","ここ、長町には、加賀藩の八家（侍の最も高い階級であり、エリートで豊かな階層）である村井家と長家が屋敷を構えていました。","Here in the Nagamachi district of feudal Kanazawa, the Murai and the Cho, two of the highest-ranking and wealthiest samurai families (hakka) in the Kaga domain (feudal-era Ishikawa Prefecture) had their residences. "]
[1359,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","長屋門","ながやもん","nagaya-mon","現在、この地域には近代的な住宅もありますが、狭い通りや、今も使われている用水、土壁、長屋門（長屋形式の門）などは、古い時代の街並みが残っています。","While today a few modern houses dot the area, the narrow streets, active water channel system, earthen walls, and gates called nagaya-mon (“longhouse gates”) still evoke the townscape of an era long past. "]
[1360,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","仲間","ちゅうげん","chugen","高田家は、中級武士である「平士」と彼らの奉公人である「仲間」の生活に関する展示をしています。","The Takada Family House has exhibits about the lives of middle-ranking samurai (heishi) and their servants (chugen). "]
[1361,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","高田家","たかだけ","Takada Family House","高田家は、中級武士である「平士」と彼らの奉公人である「仲間」の生活に関する展示をしています。","The Takada Family House has exhibits about the lives of middle-ranking samurai (heishi) and their servants (chugen). "]
[1362,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","前田綱紀","まえだつなのり","Maeda Tsunanori","江戸時代初期には、加賀藩（金沢を中心とする封建時代の石川）では上層の氏族間の権力闘争による混乱がありましたが、五代目の大名（領主）である前田綱紀（1643―1724）の時に、武士の階級が明確になりました。","Early in the Edo period, there was disorder in the Kaga domain (feudal-era Ishikawa, centered on Kanazawa) owing to power struggles between upper members of the ruling family, but under the fifth lord (daimyo) of the domain, Maeda Tsunanori (1643–1724), samurai ranking was clearly set out. "]
[1363,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","年寄","としより","toshiyori","彼らは藩の政治を合議で動かしていく重要な職務である「年寄」として仕えました。","They served as senior advisers to the daimyo (toshiyori) charged with consulting together to manage the political affairs of the domain. "]
[1364,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","社会","石","こく","koku","石は米を測定する単位で、武士の所得を示すために使われていました。だいたい180リットル、あるいは1人の大人が1年に食べた米の量にほぼ相当しました。","A koku is a unit for measuring rice and was used to express the value of a samurai’s holdings; one koku is roughly equivalent to 180 liters of rice and was held to correspond to the amount of rice a grown person consumes in a year. "]
[1365,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","人持組","ひともちぐみ","hitomochi-gumi","八家の下には 「人持組」階級がありました。","Below the hakka were those of hitomochi-gumi rank."]
[1366,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","家老","かろう","karo","この中で、富が豊富な者は「家老」（上級の役人）であり、富の少ない者は「若年寄」（その下の役人）と呼ばれていました","The wealthier of them were senior officials (karo), while the less wealthy were junior officials called wakadoshiyori. "]
[1367,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","若年寄","わかどしより","wakadoshiyori","この中で、富が豊富な者は「家老」（上級の役人）であり、富の少ない者は「若年寄」（その下の役人）と呼ばれていました","The wealthier of them were senior officials (karo), while the less wealthy were junior officials called wakadoshiyori. "]
[1368,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","与力","よりき","yoriki","平士の階級の下には60〜350石の扶持を受け取る「与力」があり、その下には「御徒」がありました。","Below the heishi in rank were the yoriki, samurai who received stipends of 60–350 koku. Below the yoriki were the okachi. "]
[1369,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","御徒","おかち","okachi","平士の階級の下には60〜350石の扶持を受け取る「与力」があり、その下には「御徒」がありました。","Below the heishi in rank were the yoriki, samurai who received stipends of 60–350 koku. Below the yoriki were the okachi. "]
[1370,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","飛脚","ひきゃく","hikyaku","江戸時代の平和時には、足軽は門番や飛脚（宅配者）として働いていました。","During the long peace of the Edo period, ashigaru worked as gate guards or couriers (hikyaku)"]
[1371,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","石垣","いしがき","ishi-gaki","土壁は石垣の上に作られました。","Tsuchi-kabe were constructed atop a low stone wall (ishi-gaki)."]
[1372,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","小者","こもの","komono","彼らが仲間（粗く訳すと「中間」といった意味合い）と呼ばれたのは、武士階級と、最下級の兵士たちである「足軽」や「小者」（通信役や、荷物運びを担った者）の中間に、彼らの階級が位置付けられたためだと言われています。","It is said these soldiers were called chugen (meaning roughly “middle place”), because their rank fell between that of the lowest-ranking samurai (ashigaru) on the one hand and that of the messengers-cum-porters (komono) on the other.  "]
[1373,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","社会","両","りょう","ryo","両は当時の通貨単位です。","A ryo was the standard unit of currency at that time. "]
[1374,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","工芸・美術品","挟箱","はさみばこ","hasamibako","「挟箱」（衣服の替えを入れた箱）を運ぶ人や、他の荷物担ぎ手は紺や黄色の紋付き法被を身に付けました。","Those who carried their masters’ wooden chests of extra clothing (hasamibako) and other cargo-bearers wore navy or yellow happi with a crest."]
[1375,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","土間","どま","doma","奉公人の居住場所には木床と囲炉裏があり、厩には「土間」（土を積んだ床）があります。","The wood-floored servants’ quarters contain a built-in hearth, while the stable was constructed with a floor of rammed earth (doma). "]
[1376,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","野面積み","のづらづみ","nozura-zumi","当時は、長屋門の門部分の両側に入れられていた石垣は、加工をされていない天然石を積み重ねた「野面積み」のみが許可されていました。","At that time, the only style permitted for constructing the stone walls to either side of the nagaya-mon was the nozura-zumi (“field-stone bedding”) style, in which stones are roughly laid without cutting or shaping them. "]
[1377,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","切石積み","きりいしづみ","kiri-ishi-zumi","現在復元されている長屋門は、石垣に亀の甲羅の形をした薄い石が貼られています。これは、当時の実際の石垣だった、切り石をきれいに積み上げた「切石積み」に見た目を似せるためです。","The walls of the restored nagaya-mon have decorative facing blocks set in them carved in the shape of turtle shells to show how they would have looked during the Edo period, when they were built with carefully laid blocks of cut stone (a style known as kiri-ishi-zumi)."]
[1378,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","御廻組","おまわりぐみ","omawari-gumi","この中には、騎馬隊である「御廻組」と大名を護衛する「親番組」が含まれています。","Two of these subgroups were the omawari-gumi, who served as cavalry, and the soldiers who formed the bodyguard (shinban-gumi) of the domain lord (daimyo)."]
[1379,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","親番組","しんばんぐみ","shinban-gumi","この中には、騎馬隊である「御廻組」と大名を護衛する「親番組」が含まれています。","Two of these subgroups were the omawari-gumi, who served as cavalry, and the soldiers who formed the bodyguard (shinban-gumi) of the domain lord (daimyo)."]
[1380,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","テーマ施設等","金沢市足軽資料館","かなざわしあしがるしりょうかん","Kanazawa City Ashigaru Museum","金沢市足軽資料館に来ると、日本の封建時代の雰囲気がより一層感じられるでしょう。","At the Kanazawa City Ashigaru Museum, feudal-era Japan comes to life once more. "]
[1381,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","建造物等","高西家","たかにしけ","Takanishi Family House","高西家は、隣にある清水家と並び、金沢においてもっとも古い足軽の一戸建て家の一つです。","The Takanishi Family House, along with the Shimizu Family House next door, is one of the oldest remaining detached houses for ashigaru in Kanazawa."]
[1382,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","清水家","しみずけ","Shimizu Family House","高西家は、隣にある清水家と並び、金沢においてもっとも古い足軽の一戸建て家の一つです。","The Takanishi Family House, along with the Shimizu Family House next door, is one of the oldest remaining detached houses for ashigaru in Kanazawa."]
[1383,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","前田利常","まえだとしつね","Maeda Toshitsune","しかし、1656年に前田利常(1593–1658)の下で行われた藩政改革により、平士家族の生活には若干の安定がもたらされました。","In 1656, reforms instituted by the daimyo Maeda Toshitsune (1593–1658) provided some stability for heishi families by switching the Kaga domain to a twice yearly (spring and winter) payment system. "]
[1384,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","社会","参勤交代","さんきんこうたい","sankin-kotai","江戸時代（1603―1867）には、徳川の軍事政権（将軍）が、「参勤交代」という制度を導入しました。","During the Edo period, the Tokugawa military government (shogunate) implemented a system called “alternate attendance” (sankin-kotai)."]
[1385,"石川県","一般社団法人金沢市観光協会","その他","切り米","きりまい","kiri-mai","足軽のように低い階級の侍は、米や硬貨のお金と交換できる「切り米」というバウチャーを、決まった時期に受け取っていました。","Low-ranking samurai like ashigaru were paid at fixed times throughout the year in vouchers called kiri-mai that could be exchanged for rice or hard currency. "]
[1386,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","山岳","白山","はくさん","Mt. Hakusan","白山は、富士山、立山と並ぶ日本三霊山のひとつです。","Mt. Hakusan is one of the three most sacred mountains in Japan, along with Mt. Fuji and Mt. Tateyama."]
[1387,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","山岳","日本三霊山","にほんさんれいざん"," three most sacred mountains","白山は、富士山、立山と並ぶ日本三霊山のひとつです。","Mt. Hakusan is one of the three most sacred mountains in Japan, along with Mt. Fuji and Mt. Tateyama."]
[1388,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","泰澄","たいちょう","Taicho","泰澄は、仏教、神道、山岳信仰の教えを取り入れた修験道という宗教における重要人物です。","Taicho was a practitioner of Shugendo, a religion that combines Buddhism, Shinto and mountain worship."]
[1389,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","修験道","しゅげんどう","Shugendo","泰澄は、仏教、神道、山岳信仰の教えを取り入れた修験道という宗教における重要人物です。","Taicho was a practitioner of Shugendo, a religion that combines Buddhism, Shinto and mountain worship."]
[1390,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","植物","ハクサンコザクラ","はくさんこざくら","Hakusan kozakura (Primula cuneifolia Ledeb. var. hakusanensis) ","より標高が高い場所では木々がまばらになり、かわりに、夏を通して色とりどりの花を咲かせる高山植物が現れます。これらの花の中にはハクサンコザクラやハクサンフウロなど、白山にちなんで名付けられたものもあります。","Higher up, the trees thin out and give way to alpine meadows dotted with colorful flowers throughout the summer, some named after the mountain, such as Hakusan kozakura (Primula cuneifolia Ledeb. var. hakusanensis) and Hakusan furo (Geranium yesoemse var. nipponicum)."]
[1391,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","植物","ハクサンフウロ","はくさんふうろ"," Hakusan furo (Geranium yesoemse var. nipponicum)","より標高が高い場所では木々がまばらになり、かわりに、夏を通して色とりどりの花を咲かせる高山植物が現れます。これらの花の中にはハクサンコザクラやハクサンフウロなど、白山にちなんで名付けられたものもあります。","Higher up, the trees thin out and give way to alpine meadows dotted with colorful flowers throughout the summer, some named after the mountain, such as Hakusan kozakura (Primula cuneifolia Ledeb. var. hakusanensis) and Hakusan furo (Geranium yesoemse var. nipponicum)."]
[1392,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","下山仏","げざんぶつ","gezan butsu","「下山仏」（すなわち「山を下った仏像」）として知られるこれらの仏像は、白山山麓の二か所に安置されています。","Known as gezan butsu (“Buddhas who descended the mountain”), these statues are safely enshrined in two spots in the foothills of Hakusan."]
[1393,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","初詣","はつもうで","hatsumode","白山比咩神社は、年が明けてから最初に神社に参拝する「初詣」の人気スポットです。","Shirayama-Hime Shrine is a popular destination for hatsumode, the first shrine visit of the New Year."]
[1394,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","河川・渓谷","手取峡谷","てどりきょうこく","Tedori Gorge","2011年に設立された白山手取川ジオパークには、白山山頂、手取川流域、手取峡谷が含まれます。","Hakusan Tedorigawa National Geopark was established in 2011, and encompasses the summit of Mt. Hakusan, the Tedorigawa River basin, and Tedori Gorge. "]
[1395,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白山奥宮祈祷殿","はくさんおくみやきじゅでん","Hakusan Okumiya prayer hall","奥宮祈祷殿は、室堂の山小屋の正面にあります。"," The Hakusan Okumiya prayer hall is located in front of the Murodo mountain hut. "]
[1396,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水舎","てみずや・ちょうずや・ちょうずしゃ・てみずしゃ"," temizuya, or water-purification basin","手水舎は表参道の奥にあります。","The temizuya, or water-purification basin, is at the end of the Omotesando. "]
[1397,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","二礼二拍手一礼","にれいにはくしゅいちれい","Bow Twice, Clap Twice, Bow Once","お賽銭を入れた後、二礼二拍手一礼をして敬意を表します。","After presenting the cash offering, pay your respects by bowing twice, clapping twice, and then bowing once. "]
[1398,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白山信仰","はくさんしんこう"," Hakusan faith or Hakusan shinko","しかし、白山信仰の広がりとともに、人々は信仰の実践として白山に登り始め、やがて山頂への登山道がつくられました。","However, with the growth of Hakusan shinko (the Hakusan faith), people began to climb the mountain as a form of religious devotion, eventually creating trails up to the summit. "]
[1399,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","禊","みそぎ","misogi","禊は白山の雪解け水に身を浸ける清めの儀式です。禊社は境内の奥にある小さな神社で、禊場はこの厳粛な儀式が行われる水場です。","Misogi is a purification ceremony in which participants are immersed in meltwater from Mt. Hakusan. The misogi-sha is the small shrine towards the back of the shrine grounds, while the misogi-ba is the pool in which this solemn ceremony takes place."]
[1400,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","滝","琵琶滝","びわたき","Biwa Waterfall","表参道に沿って流れる清流は琵琶滝から続いており、滝は夜になるとライトアップされます。","The clear stream that runs along the Omotesando originates from this waterfall, which is illuminated at night. "]
[1401,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","表参道","おもてさんどう","Omotesando Path","鳥居から表参道までガイドがご案内します。","A guide will lead you from the torii gate up the Omotesando path."]
[1402,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","縁結び","えんむすび","matchmaking","このため、菊理媛は、縁結びや夫婦円満の女神として崇められています。","As such, Kukuri Hime is revered as the goddess of matchmaking and marital bliss. "]
[1403,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","夫婦円満","ふうふえんまん","marital bliss","このため、菊理媛は、縁結びや夫婦円満の女神として崇められています。","As such, Kukuri Hime is revered as the goddess of matchmaking and marital bliss. "]
[1404,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","家内安全","かないあんぜん","peaceful household","さらに、家内安全, 交通安全、商売繁盛、学業成就、夫婦円満、幸福長寿、子孫繁栄などを祈願するため、多くの参拝者が訪れます。","In addition, many visitors stop by to pay their respects and wish for a peaceful household, safe travels, business prosperity, educational success, harmonious marriages, good fortune and long life, and the prosperity of descendants."]
[1405,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","交通安全","こうつうあんぜん","safe travels","さらに、家内安全, 交通安全、商売繁盛、学業成就、夫婦円満、幸福長寿、子孫繁栄などを祈願するため、多くの参拝者が訪れます。","In addition, many visitors stop by to pay their respects and wish for a peaceful household, safe travels, business prosperity, educational success, harmonious marriages, good fortune and long life, and the prosperity of descendants."]
[1406,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","商売繁盛","しょうばいはんじょう","business prosperity","さらに、家内安全, 交通安全、商売繁盛、学業成就、夫婦円満、幸福長寿、子孫繁栄などを祈願するため、多くの参拝者が訪れます。","In addition, many visitors stop by to pay their respects and wish for a peaceful household, safe travels, business prosperity, educational success, harmonious marriages, good fortune and long life, and the prosperity of descendants."]
[1407,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","学業成就","がくぎょうじょうじゅ","educational success","さらに、家内安全, 交通安全、商売繁盛、学業成就、夫婦円満、幸福長寿、子孫繁栄などを祈願するため、多くの参拝者が訪れます。","In addition, many visitors stop by to pay their respects and wish for a peaceful household, safe travels, business prosperity, educational success, harmonious marriages, good fortune and long life, and the prosperity of descendants."]
[1408,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","幸福長寿","こうふくちょうじゅ","good fortune and long life","さらに、家内安全、交通安全、商売繁盛、学業成就、夫婦円満、幸福長寿、子孫繁栄などを祈願するため、多くの参拝者が訪れます。","In addition, many visitors stop by to pay their respects and wish for a peaceful household, safe travels, business prosperity, educational success, harmonious marriages, good fortune and long life, and the prosperity of descendants."]
[1409,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","子孫繁栄","しそんはんえい","prosperity of descendants","さらに、家内安全, 交通安全、商売繁盛、学業成就、夫婦円満、幸福長寿、子孫繁栄などを祈願するため、多くの参拝者が訪れます。","In addition, many visitors stop by to pay their respects and wish for a peaceful household, safe travels, business prosperity, educational success, harmonious marriages, good fortune and long life, and the prosperity of descendants."]
[1410,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","梵鐘","ぼんしょう","Buddhist bell","梵鐘も1基収蔵されています。","The collection also includes one Buddhist bell. "]
[1411,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","狛犬","こまいぬ","Komainu guardian dogs","<キャプション>\n狛犬","<CAPTIONS>\nKomainu guardian dogs "]
[1412,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","泰澄大師","たいちょうだいし","Taicho  Daishi","泰澄大師（682-767）という仏僧は、悟りを求めてこの山に登ることを長年にわたり夢見ていました。","The Buddhist monk Taicho  Daishi (682–767) dreamed of climbing Mt. Hakusan in search of the Buddha and enlightenment for years."]
[1413,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白山下山仏","はくさんげざんぶつ","Hakusan Gezan Buddhas \nor \nHakusan Gezan Butsu","白山神社の白山下山仏と鐘","The Hakusan Gezan Buddhas and Bell at Hakusan Shrine"]
[1414,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","工芸・美術品","木造阿弥陀如来立像","もくぞうあみだにょらいりつぞう","Wooden statue of Amida Nyorai Buddha","木造阿弥陀如来立像（1216）。快慶または他の有名仏師の作と考えられているこの堅牢な木像は、鎌倉時代（1185-1333）初期の正統派仏教美術の代表作です。","Wooden statue of Amida Nyorai Buddha, 1216. This solid wooden statue, thought to have been carved by the famous sculptor Kaikei or another major artist, is an outstanding example of the orthodox school of Buddhist art from the early Kamakura period (1185–1333)."]
[1415,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","工芸・美術品","銅造観音菩薩坐像","どうぞうかんのんぼさつざぞう","Bronze statue of the Kannon, the bodhisattva of mercy","銅造観音菩薩坐像および銅造台座。像は鎌倉時代（1185-1333）の作。現在の姿は蓮華の上に座っている観音像ですが、この像の頂部はもともと十一面観音像のものであったと考えられています。","Bronze statue of the Kannon, the bodhisattva of mercy, with bronze cabinet, Kamakura period (1185–1333). The figure today is of Kannon sitting on a lotus, but it is thought that originally the figure’s top section was that of an Eleven-Headed Kannon. "]
[1416,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","湖沼","千蛇ヶ池","せんじゃがいけ","Senjagaike Pond","像高79センチメートルのこの銅像は、もとは白山山頂に近い千蛇ヶ池のほとりにありました。","This 79-centimeter-tall bronze statue was originally located near the top of Mt. Hakusan, near Senjagaike Pond. "]
[1417,"石川県","（白山国立公園）(一社)　白山市観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神仏分離","しんぶつぶんり","shinbutsu bunri","武士による支配の終焉と急速な近代化の幕開けとなった明治時代（1868-1912）、政府は神道と仏教を強制的に分別する神仏分離という方針を打ち出しました。","During the Meiji era, which marked the end of the period of rule by the warrior class and the beginning of a rapid drive to modernize, the government announced a policy called shinbutsu bunri, the forced separation of Buddhism and Shinto. "]
[1418,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","集落・街","若狭","わかさ","Wakasa","若狭は、小浜市とその周辺の地域を含む昔実在した国に由来し、今でもその地域を説明するのに使用されています。","Wakasa is the ancient provincial name for this and the surrounding regions, and is still used to describe the area."]
[1419,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","集落・街","御食国","みけつくに","miketsukuni","若狭は、奈良時代（710～793年）に天皇に食物を供給した三つの「御食国」の一つと考えられています。","Wakasa is considered to be one of only three known “miketsukuni,” or provinces that supplied foodstuffs to the court during the Nara period (710–794)."]
[1420,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","あいもの","あいもの","aimono","江戸時代（1603～1867年）には、若狭のカレイとクジから主に作られるあいものでこの地域は有名になりました。","During the Edo period (1603–1868), the region was famed for its aimono cured and dried fish, primarily made with Wakasa willowy flounder (karei) and horsehead tilefish (guji). "]
[1421,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","なれずし","なれずし","Nare-zushi","現代の寿司の前身であるなれずしは、塩漬けの魚と炊いたご飯を組み合わせて発酵させることで作られます。","Nare-zushi, the precursor to modern sushi, is prepared by combining salted fish with cooked rice and allowing it to ferment. "]
[1422,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","半なれずし","半なれずし","hannare-zushi","室町時代（1336〜1573）に新しいタイプの半なれずしの登場により寿司は劇的に変わりました。 数日から1か月、発酵をさせた早いうちに食べられる寿司でした。","Sushi changed dramatically in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) with the emergence of a new style of sushi called hannare-zushi. This was eaten when the preparation was fresher, after only a few days to one month of fermentation. "]
[1423,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","ニシンの寿司","にしんのすし","Herring sushi","ニシンの寿司は、乾燥させたにしんを米のとぎ汁に一晩漬け、麹と塩、大根と人参、たかのつめなどの層にして、重しを載せて２週間ほど漬けたものです。","Herring sushi is prepared by soaking dried herring fillets overnight in togijiru, the starchy water drained off when washing rice. The fillets are then stacked in layers with koji, salt, daikon radish, carrot, and takanotsume chili peppers. A weight is placed on top, and the herring is left to age for approximately two weeks. "]
[1424,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","押し寿司","おしずし","oshi-zushi ","サバの寿司は多くの場合、押し寿司のかたちで提供されています。箱にお米を入れ、魚の切り身を載せて押し込みます。その後、一つ一つの寿司に切り分けられます。","Mackerel sushi is usually prepared in the oshi-zushi style: A large amount of rice is pressed into a box and topped with a layer of fish fillets. The block is then cut cleanly into individual pieces."]
[1425,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","雑煮","ぞうに","zoni","雑煮は、日本の正月に食べる伝統的な汁物です。 ","Zoni (also spelled zouni) is a traditional soup eaten during the Japanese New Year holiday."]
[1426,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","へしこ","へしこ","heshiko","冬季や漁に出られない嵐の日に備え、魚の保存食であるへしこが作られました。","To sustain their diet for winter and stormy days when fishing boats could not sail, people made a style of preserved fish called heshiko. "]
[1427,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","なまぐさ汁","なまぐさじる","namagusajiru","焼いたさかなは、なまぐさ汁と呼ばれる汁物にもなります。出汁は魚の骨と頭から取られ、そこにほぐし身、豆腐、ネギ、大根、ニンジンなどの野菜が加えられます。","The grilled fish is also made into a soup called namagusajiru. The broth is made with the bones and head, and the soup contains pieces of the fish, tofu, green onions, daikon radish, carrots, and other vegetables."]
[1428,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","小鯛ささ漬け","こだいささずけ","Kodai sasazuke","小鯛ささ漬けは、塩、酢、そして笹で風味付けした小鯛の切り身を杉樽に詰めて作られています。","Kodai sasazuke is made by packing sea bream fillets flavored with salt, vinegar, and sasa bamboo into cedar casks. "]
[1429,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","ぬた","ぬた","nuta","サバと地元産のネギから作られた郷土料理である「ぬた」は、祭りや法事などでよく食べられます。","Another local dish, called nuta, is made from mackerel and locally grown green onions, and is a dish commonly eaten during festivals and at memorial services."]
[1430,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","若狭ガレイ","わかさがれい","Wakasa willowy flounder","小浜で獲れる魚の中でも、若狭ガレイと若狭グジはブランド魚の地位を獲得しています。","The Wakasa willowy flounder (karei) and Wakasa horsehead tilefish (guji) of Obama are considered luxury products from the region and have earned brand-name status."]
[1431,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","若狭グジ","わかさぐじ","Wakasa horsehead tilefish","小浜で獲れる魚の中でも、若狭ガレイと若狭グジはブランド魚の地位を獲得しています。","The Wakasa willowy flounder (karei) and Wakasa horsehead tilefish (guji) of Obama are considered luxury products from the region and have earned brand-name status."]
[1432,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","食","鯖街道","さばかいどう","Saba Kaido","かつての古都である京都は、鯖街道として知られる一連の道を介して若狭に繋がっていました。","The ancient capital of Kyoto was connected to Wakasa Province via a series of routes known as the Saba Kaido (“Mackerel Road” or “Mackerel Highway”)."]
[1433,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamae-bune","江戸時代（1603年〜1867年）および明治時代（1868〜1912年）に、小浜は北前船の寄港地でした。これらの船は大阪と北海道を結んで行き来しました。","It was a port of call for the kitamae-bune merchant ships, which traveled between Osaka and Hokkaido during the Edo period and the Meiji era (1868–1912). "]
[1434,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","工芸・美術品","若狭塗","わかさぬり","Wakasa lacquerware","若狭塗は日本でよく知られており、赤や黄、緑、金の色合いを持つ華やかな外観が高い評価を得ています。","Well-known in Japan and prized for its luxurious appearance, Wakasa lacquerware is distinguished by the use of a combination of red, yellow, green, and gold colors. "]
[1435,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","工芸・美術品","めのう細工","めのうざいく","carved agate","若狭の伝統工芸は、何世代にも渡って受け継がれてきました。和紙やめのう細工、瓦、漆器などです。","Traditional Wakasa crafts have been passed down through many generations. These include Japanese paper (washi), carved agate, clay roof tiles, and lacquerware."]
[1436,"福井県","OBAMA食と農の景勝地実行委員会","植物","コウゾ","こうぞ","paper mulberry","若狭和紙はコウゾの樹皮から出来ています。","Wakasa washi is made from the bark of the paper mulberry."]
[1437,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","山岳","南アルプス","みなみあるぷす","The Minami Alps","南アルプスで最も目を引く山は、north mountainという意味の北岳です。","The most dramatic peak in the Minami Alps is Mt. Kitadake, which means “north mountain.” ","※「南」は「minami」と表記（Southではない）。"]
[1438,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","植物","キタダケソウ","きただけそう","kitadake-so","南東の斜面には、北岳にちなんで名付けられたキタダケソウ（Callianthemum hondoense）という高山植物の固有種が生育しており、運が良ければ６月下旬にその繊細な白い花を目にすることができます。","The southeastern slope hosts a variety of endemic alpine plants, and in late June lucky climbers may spot the delicate white Kitadake-so (Callianthemum hondoense), which is named after the peak.","※斜体で表記。\n※「kitadake」と「so」の間にハイフンを追加。"]
[1439,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","その他","糸魚川静岡構造線","いといがわしずおかこうぞうせん","the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line","南アルプスのすぐ東には、一連の大地震を引き起こしてきた糸魚川静岡構造線という大断層線があります。","Immediately to the east of the Minami Alps is the Itoigawa-Shizuoka Tectonic Line, a major fault line that has caused a series of large earthquakes.","※「Itoigawa」と「Shizuoka」の間にハイフンを追加。"]
[1440,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","建造物等","砂防ダム","さぼうだむ","check dam","自然地域では場違いに見えることがあるかもしれませんが、小さな砂防ダムと擁壁は、浸食による損壊を止める大事な手段です。","Although they may sometimes seem out of place in natural areas, small check dams and retaining walls are invaluable tools in stopping erosion damage."]
[1441,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","郷土景観","里山","さとやま","satoyama","里山という語は、通常小規模な農業と林業を営む住民が自然と調和しながら暮らしていた山のふもとの集落を指します。","The term satoyama refers to settlements at the foot of mountains, where the inhabitants lived in harmony with nature, usually combining small-scale agriculture with forestry.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1442,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","動物","雷鳥","らいちょう","Raicho","ライチョウは「雷の鳥」という意味です。","Raicho means “thunder bird” in Japanese. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1443,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","その他","テンカラ","てんから","tenkara","釣り場は狭い渓谷にあることが多く、西洋スタイルのフライロッドよりも短くリールのないテンカラ竿が好まれています。","As fishing areas tend to be in narrow valleys, people prefer shorter, reel-less tenkara rods to Western-style fly rods. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1444,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","植物","ハイマツ","はいまつ","Japanese stone pines","山の下の方の斜面には、スギ、ヒノキ、ブナの広大な森林があります。より急な斜面は紙のような樹皮を持つ大きなダケカンバ（Betula ermanii）で覆われ、山の上には丈の低いハイマツ（Pinus pumila）が生育し、ライチョウに食料と住みかを提供しています。","The steeper slopes are covered with large, papery-barked Erman’s birches (datekanba; Betula ermanii), while low-growing Japanese stone pines (haimatsu; Pinus pumila) grow on the peaks, providing food and shelter for rock ptarmigans (raicho)."]
[1445,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","植物","ホウオウシャジン","ほうおうしゃじん"," ho-o shajin","すみれ色やピンク、白のビランジ（Silene keiskei var. minor）や紫色の花が垂れ下がっているホウオウシャジン（Adenophoranikoensis var. stenophylla）も見られます。","Visitors may also see the violet, pink or white biranji (Silene keiskei var. minor) and the hanging purple ho-o shajin (Adenophoranikoensis var. stenophylla).","※斜体で表記。\n※「ho」と「o」の間にハイフンを追加。"]
[1446,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","動物","カモシカ","かもしか","kamoshika","彼らは、今では希少な犬種の甲斐犬という山中での狩猟のために訓練された猟犬を連れて、カモシカをはじめとする野生動物を捕まえるため罠を仕掛けたり狩ったりしました。","They would trap and hunt Japanese serows (kamoshika) and other wild game with their Kai Ken dogs, a now rare breed raised specifically to hunt in mountainous terrain.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1447,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","植物","山菜","さんさい","sansai","人気のある料理に、色々な食べられる野生植物の新芽である山菜（mountain vegetables）の漬物があります。","One popular dish is pickles made from sansai (literally “mountain vegetables”)","※斜体で表記。"]
[1448,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","食","あんぽ柿","あんぽがき","anpo-gaki","他の地域の名物には、あんぽ柿と呼ばれる干し柿があります。","Another local specialty is a type of dried persimmon called anpo-gaki.","※斜体で表記。\n※「anpo」と「gaki」の間にハイフンを追加。"]
[1449,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","郷土景観","棚田","たなだ","tanada","日本各地の稲作農家は、南アルプス市外にある中野地区で今でも米が作られている棚田のように、段になった水田を作ることによってこの課題を解決しました。","Rice farmers around Japan overcome this challenge with terraced rice fields (tanada), such as those still being farmed in the Nakano area outside the city of Minami Alps. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1450,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","工芸・美術品","井川メンパ","いかわめんぱ","ikawa mempa","ユネスコエコパークの枠組みは、竹製の仕掛けを使った伝統漁法や、井川メンパという曲物と漆塗の技術を用いて弁当箱を作る南アルプスユネスコエコパークの静岡方面の工芸など、文化的に重要な活動も評価しています。","The Biosphere Reserve concept also acknowledges culturally significant activities, such as a traditional fishing method using bamboo traps, and ikawa mempa, a bentwood and lacquer craft used to make lunchboxes in the Shizuoka side of the Biosphere Reserve.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1451,"山梨県","（南アルプス国立公園）南アルプス市","工芸・美術品","輪かんじき","わかんじき","wakanjiki","入館するとすぐに、「輪かんじき」という木とわら縄で作られた特大のスノーシューが目に入ります。","Upon entering the museum, guests will immediately spot an oversized pair of wakanji, snowshoes made from wood and straw rope.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1452,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","湖沼","富士五湖","ふじごこ","Fuji Five Lakes","最近では864年の貞観大噴火がこの地域全体の地形を変えてしまい、富士五湖と青木ヶ原樹海の下に広がる大地の双方を生み出しました。","As recently as 864, the Jogan Eruption reshaped the entire region’s geography, creating both the Fuji Five Lakes of today and the ground beneath the Aokigahara Jukai Forest. "]
[1453,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","山岳","青木ヶ原樹海","あおきがはらじゅかい","Aokigahara Jukai Forest","富士五湖、青木ヶ原樹海と卓越した富士山で構成されているこの公園の中では、富士山エリアが最大です。","The Mt. Fuji region is the largest area of the park, consisting of the Fuji Five Lakes, the Aokigahara Jukai Forest, and the remarkable mountain. "]
[1454,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","自然現象","貞観大噴火","じょうがんだいふんか","Jogan Eruption","901年に編纂された正史、日本三代実録では864年の貞観大噴火で「地球と岩が溶け」剗の海の残りに「流れ込んでいった」様子を記述しています。","The Nihon Sandai Jitsuroku, an official history compiled in the year 901, relates how “earth and rock melted and flowed” into what remained of the Senoumi in the Jogan Eruption of 864."]
[1455,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","植物","フジマリモ","ふじまりも","Fuji marimo","1959年には山中湖が新発見の舞台となりました。フジマリモです。","In 1956, Yamanakako was the site of a new discovery: Fuji marimo. ","※「marimo」のみ斜体で表記。"]
[1456,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","建造物等","河口湖大橋","かわぐちこおおはし","Kawaguchiko-ohashi\n Bridge","富士五湖唯一の橋、河口湖大橋は、北側の産屋ヶ崎と、南側の河口湖ハーブ館を結んでいます。","Kawaguchiko-ohashi Bridge, the only bridge in the Fuji Five Lakes, connects Cape Ubuyagasaki on the north side to Kawaguchiko Herb Hall to the south.","※「河口湖」と「大橋」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1457,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","動物","クニマス","くにます","Kunimasu","近年では、西湖はクニマス、英名のBlack kokaneeとしても知られるベニマスの一種の保護への取り組みの中心となっています。","In recent years, Saiko has been the center of efforts to preserve the kunimasu, a kind of sockeye salmon also known as the black kokanee.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1458,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","動物","赤富士","あかふじ","Red Fuji","夕暮れ時になると、夕日に染まる「赤富士」、また、山頂が冠雪している時には「紅富士」をカメラに収めようとしてこの湖の岸辺にカメラマンが集まってきます。","In the evening, the lake’s shores are visited by photographers seeking to capture “Red Fuji” (akafuji) in the setting sun, or “Pink Fuji” (benifuji) when there is snow on the peak. "]
[1459,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","山岳","紅富士","べにふじ","Pink Fuji","夕暮れ時になると、夕日に染まる「赤富士」、また、山頂が冠雪している時には「紅富士」をカメラに収めようとしてこの湖の岸辺にカメラマンが集まってきます。","In the evening, the lake’s shores are visited by photographers seeking to capture “Red Fuji” (akafuji) in the setting sun, or “Pink Fuji” (benifuji) when there is snow on the peak. "]
[1460,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","その他","もぐらん","もぐらん","Moguran","この船が文字通り「潜らない」を意味するためにその名前が「もぐらん」となっているのです。","Thus the name Moguran, which literally means “doesn’t dive.”","※斜体で表記。"]
[1461,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","山岳","カチカチ山","かちかちやま","Crackling Mountain","有名な小説家、太宰治 (1909-1948) が現代風に書き直した「カチカチ山」では、物語の舞台が具体的に天上山となっています。","In “Crackling Mountain,” a modern retelling by renowned novelist Osamu Dazai (1909–1948), the tale is specifically set on Mt. Tenjo."]
[1462,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","自然現象","ダイヤモンド富士","だいやもんどふじ","Diamond Fuji","ダイヤモンド富士とは、ちょうど富士山山頂の向こうに太陽が沈む景色のことです。","Diamond Fuji is the sight of the rising or setting sun directly behind Mt. Fuji’s peak. "]
[1463,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","石割神社","いしわりじんじゃ","Ishiwari-jinja Shrine","石割神社は、標高1,413mの石割山の八合目海抜1,143mの地点に立っています。","Ishiwari-jinja Shrine stands 1,143 meters above sea level at the eighth station of 1,413-meter-tall Mt. Ishiwari."]
[1464,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","河口浅間神社","かわぐちあさまじんじゃ","Kawaguchi Asama-jinja Shrine","河口浅間神社は、864年の貞観大噴火の後に浅間 (あさま/せんげん) と知られる火山の女神を鎮めるために建立されました。","Kawaguchi Asama-jinja Shrine was founded after the Jogan Eruption of 864 to appease the volcano deity known as Asama or Sengen."]
[1465,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","木花開耶姫","このはなさくやひめ","Konohanasakuya-hime","19世紀初頭、河口浅間神社は、その他の浅間神社とともに山の神、大山津見神の娘である花の女神、木花開耶姫命を祀るようになりました。","In the early nineteenth century, along with other Sengen shrines, Kawaguchi Asama-jinja came to worship Konohanasakuya-hime, a flower goddess who is the daughter of the mountain deity Oyamatsumi. ","※「木花開耶」と「姫」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1466,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","レジャー・アクティビティ","東海自然歩道","とうかいしぜんほどう","The Tokai Nature Trail","東海自然歩道は、東京から大阪までの全長1,697kmで、あらゆる種類の地形を通りますが、西湖の南の丘を行くコースは短く、景色もよく、また歩きやすいので、家族づれでのお出かけにも最適なコースです。","The Tokai Nature Trail, which extends 1,697 kilometers from Tokyo to Osaka, crosses all kinds of terrain, but the stretch through the hills south of Lake Saiko is short, scenic, and gentle enough for a family outing."]
[1467,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","鳴沢溶岩樹型","なるさわようがんじゅけい","Narusawa Lava Tree Molds","鳴沢溶岩樹型","Narusawa Lava Tree Molds","※スポット名"]
[1468,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","その他","湖畔の春","こはんのはる","Kohan no haru","岡田の「湖畔の春」の写真により不朽の名声を得た風景は、今日でも見ることができます。","The scene immortalized by Okada’s Kohan no haru photograph can still be seen today. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1469,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","その他","庚申","かのえさる","Metal Monkey","庚申の年に富士山に登山することは、特に縁起が良いことだとされており、その年になると巡礼者の多くが富士山に登ります。(次の庚申の年は2040年です。) ","Climbing Mt. Fuji in the Year of the Metal Monkey is held to be especially auspicious, and many pilgrims make the ascent then. (The next such year will be 2040.)"]
[1470,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","北口本宮冨士浅間神社","きたぐちほんぐうふじせんげんじんじゃ","Kitaguchi Hongu Fuji Sengen-Jinja Shrine","北口本宮冨士浅間神社","Kitaguchi Hongu Fuji Sengen-Jinja Shrine","※スポット名"]
[1471,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","小御岳神社","こみたけじんじゃ","Komitake-jinja Shrine","小御岳神社","Komitake-jinja Shrine","※スポット名"]
[1472,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神輿","みこし","mikoshi","火祭りの間は、2基の神輿が町中を渡御します。","Two mikoshi (portable shrines) are carried through the streets during the fire festival. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1473,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","金鳥居","かなどりい","Kanadorii Gate","金鳥居","Kanadorii Gate","※スポット名"]
[1474,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御師","おし","oshi","鳥居の先の道路沿いには、御師と呼ばれた富士講信仰の指導者がかつて運営していた宿坊 (御師住宅) が数十軒と建ち並んでいました。","The street beyond the gate was once lined with dozens of pilgrims’ inns run by spiritual leaders of the Fujiko faith called oshi. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1475,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","富士御室浅間神社","ふじおむろせんげんじんじゃ","Fuji Omuro Sengen-Jinja Shrine","富士御室浅間神社","Fuji Omuro Sengen-Jinja Shrine","※スポット名"]
[1476,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","富士講","ふじこう","Fujiko","こうした長期的な関係を保つために、御師はオフシーズンになると江戸などに出向き、富士講信者の家を訪問していました。","To maintain these permanent ties, oshi would spend the off-season traveling to Edo and elsewhere to visit Fujiko chapters at their homes."]
[1477,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","船津胎内樹型","ふなつたいないじゅけい","Funatsu Tainai Lava Tree Molds","船津胎内樹型","Funatsu Tainai Lava Tree Molds","※スポット名"]
[1478,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","吉田胎内樹型","よしだたいないじゅけい","Yoshida Tainai Lava Tree Molds","吉田胎内樹型","Yoshida Tainai Lava Tree Molds","※スポット名"]
[1479,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","その他","富士スバルライン","ふじすばるらいん","Fuji-Subaru Line","富士スバルライン","Fuji-Subaru Line","※スポット名\n※「富士」と「スバルライン」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1480,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","磐長姫","いわながひめ","Iwanaga-hime","小御岳神社は、富士山周辺の様々な神社に祀られている木花咲耶姫の姉、磐長姫を祀っています。","Komitake-jinja enshrines Iwanaga-hime, the older sister of the goddess Konohanasakuya-hime, who is enshrined at the various Sengen shrines around the mountain.","※「磐長」と「姫」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1481,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","鳴沢氷穴","なるさわひょうけつ","Narusawa Hyoketsu Ice Cave","鳴沢氷穴","Narusawa Hyoketsu Ice Cave","※スポット名"]
[1482,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","富岳風穴","ふがくふうけつ","Fugaku Fuketsu Wind Cave","富岳風穴","Fugaku Fuketsu Wind Cave","※スポット名"]
[1483,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","西湖コウモリ穴","さいここうもりあな","Saiko Bat Cave","西湖コウモリ穴","Saiko Bat Cave","※スポット名"]
[1484,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","高原・湿原・原野","原始林","げんしりん","genshirin","この森林はかろうじて1,000年といったところで、その一部が未だに富士山の一部に見られる、原始林と呼ばれる昔の風景と取り変わったものです。","It is barely a millennium old, and replaced an earlier landscape called the genshirin or “original forest,” patches of which are still preserved on the mountain.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1485,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","湖沼","忍野八海","おしのはっかい","Oshino Hakkai Springs","忍野八海","Oshino Hakkai Springs","※スポット名"]
[1486,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","弘法大師","こうぼうだいし","Kobo Daishi","東円寺の歴史は9世紀初頭、有名な僧で、死後は弘法大師として知られるようになった空海が日本の東国巡錫に出たときに始まります。","The story of Toenji Temple begins in the early ninth century with a visit to eastern Japan by the renowned Buddhist monk Kukai, known posthumously as Kobo Daishi."]
[1487,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","忍草浅間神社","しぼくさせんげんじんじゃ","Shibokusa Sengen-jinja Shrine","忍草浅間神社","Shibokusa Sengen-jinja Shrine","※スポット名"]
[1488,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","集落・街","月江寺界隈","げっこうじかいわい","Gekkoji Neighborhood","月江寺界隈","Gekkoji Neighborhood","※スポット名"]
[1489,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","集落・街","ハタオリマチ","はたおりまち","hataori machi","富士吉田市は、その、1000年を超える織物生産の中心地、ハタオリマチとしての伝統を活用しています。","The city of Fujiyoshida embraces its heritage as a hataori machi, or “weaving city,” having been a center for textile production for over a thousand years.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1490,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","食","吉田のうどん","よしだのうどん","Yoshida no udon","吉田のうどんとは、富士吉田の特徴的な料理です。","Yoshida no udon is a distinctive noodle dish from Fujiyoshida. "]
[1491,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","食","ほうとう","ほうとう","hoto","ほうとうは、小麦粉でできた太い幅広麺で、野菜汁に入れて提供されます。","Hoto are thick, broad noodles made of wheat and served in a vegetable broth.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1492,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","食","忍野そば","おしのそば","Oshino soba","忍野村には忍野そばという忍野村ならではの麺料理があります。","The village of Oshino has its own favored noodle dish called Oshino soba. "]
[1493,"山梨県","一般社団法人富士五湖観光連盟","建造物等","パノラマ台","ぱのらまだい","Panorama-dai Observation Point","近くのパノラマ台からは、ハイキングの苦しさを味わうに十分値する景色を楽しむことができます。","The nearby Panorama-dai Observation Point offers views that more than justify the challenging hike."]
[1494,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","屋台","やたい","yatai","この巨大な木製の屋台は、毎年9月に開催される八朔祭で使用される、都留の伝統的な曳山（屋台）の1台です","This large wooden cart is one of Tsuru’s yatai, which are traditional parade floats.","※「yatai」を「parade floats」として説明していますが、基本的に「yatai」という日本語名を使っています。"]
[1495,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","植物","水掛菜","みずかけな","mizukakena","真冬に収穫されるカラシ菜の1種である、水掛菜という特産物の栽培にもこの水が利用されています。","This water is also used to grow a unique local product called mizukakena, a mustard plant harvested in the middle of winter."]
[1496,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","植物","梅花藻","バイカモ","baikamo","泉が流れ込む河川沿いには、いたる所にバイカモ（梅花藻）という、梅の花に似たラナンキュラスの1種が生えています。","Along the waterways fed by these springs grows baikamo, a species of ranunculus whose flowers resemble tiny plum blossoms. "]
[1497,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","茶壷道中","ちゃつぼどうちゅう","Chatsubo Dochu","茶壷道中とは、宇治（京都）から江戸（現在の東京）へ日本最高品質のお茶を将軍家へ運ぶという、江戸時代(1603～1867)の習慣のことです。","Chatsubo Dochu refers to the Edo period (1603–1867) custom of transporting Japan’s highest quality tea from Uji (in the Kyoto area) to Edo (present-day Tokyo) for the shogun’s personal use.","※「茶壷道中」のような儀式に相当するものは英語圏にないため、「Chatsubo Dochu」とローマ字化し、説明を付け加えるという処理とさせていただきました。"]
[1498,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","神楽","かぐら","kagura","文字通り「神のための娯楽」という神楽（かぐら）は伝統舞踊の一つで、最古の伝説に由来しています。","Kagura, literally “entertainment for the gods,” is a form of traditional dance tracing its history back to one of Japan’s oldest legends."]
[1499,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","自然現象","縄文","じょうもん","Jomon","都留市内で発見される多くの遺跡の中には、紀元前14,000〜300 の日本先史時代の縄文人のものがあります。","Among the many historical relics to be found in the city of Tsuru are those attributed to the Jomon people. This was a prehistoric society that existed in Japan from approximately 14,000 to 300 BC."]
[1500,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","道祖神","どうそじん","Dosojin","特に注目すべきは2人組の道祖神で、これは旅行者の守護神と言われています。 ","Of particular note are the two-figure Dosojin stelae, which depict the guardian spirit of travelers, Dosojin, as two embracing figures."]
[1501,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","建造物等","庫裏","くり","kuri","いくつかの伝統的な木造構造の建物で構成されていますが、その中でも特に注目すべきものは庫裏や寺の厨房です。","The temple itself is composed of several beautifully constructed traditional wooden buildings. The most noteworthy is the kuri, or the temple kitchen."]
[1502,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","植物","ヤマブキ","やまぶき","yamabuki","寺の本堂の真後ろにある斜面は、5月上旬に明るい黄色の花が咲くヤマブキソウで覆われます。","The slopes directly behind the main hall of the temple are covered in a field of yamabuki grass (Kerria japonica), whose bright yellow flowers bloom at the beginning of May."]
[1503,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","社会","大名行列","だいみょうぎょうれつ","Daimyo Parade","毎年9月に開催される八朔祭の主なイベントの一つは、大名行列です。これは、数世紀前、藩主が江戸城を往復する際に都留で見られた、封建時代の行列を再現したものです。","A major event during the Hassaku Festival, held every year on September 1st, is the Daimyo Parade. This is a reenactment of the feudal parades one might have witnessed in Tsuru centuries ago, when the local lord would depart to or return from Edo Castle."]
[1504,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","建造物等","藤村","ふじむら","Fujimura","この建物の外観は、日本の伝統的な工法を保ちつつ、西洋建築を模した様式で建てられています。この様式は、藤村式と呼ばれ、西洋式が全国で大人気だった19世紀後半に流行しました。","The building’s construction imitates Western architecture in its exterior while maintaining traditional Japanese construction techniques. This style, called Fujimura, came into vogue in the late nineteenth century, a time when Western styles were gaining popularity across the country."]
[1505,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","建造物等","畳","たたみ","tatami","正面玄関は、土間と、高床の畳の間が特徴で、かつては仁科の絹商店でした。","The main entry features a dirt floor and a raised tatami (traditional Japanese mat) floor area, and was once Nishina’s silk shop."]
[1506,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","史跡","土偶","どぐう","Dogu","この時代のもう一つの重要な出土品は、小形山の中谷遺跡で発掘された耳飾りの人間粘土像です。この土偶は、その耳飾りをしているということで特に有名です。","Another important relic of this time is the Dogu, a human clay figure with ear decorations, which was excavated at the Nakaya Archaeological Site in Ogatayama."]
[1507,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","富士講","ふじこう","Fujiko","富士山は長い間自然崇拝の対象でしたが、17世紀には富士講と呼ばれる新しい民俗宗教が登場しました。","Though the mountain had long been an object of nature worship, a new folk religion called Fujiko appeared in the seventeenth century, taking Mt. Fuji as its principal object of worship."]
[1508,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","動物","ムササビ","むささび","musasabi","石船神社は、ムササビが生息する場所としても知られています。この夜行性の動物は神社の周りの木々の中に住み、夕方になると食べ物を探しまわります。","Ishibune Shrine is also well known as a place where musasabi flying squirrels live. These nocturnal animals reside in the trees around the shrine, venturing out in the evenings to search for food."]
[1509,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","八朔祭","はっさくまつり","Hassaku Festival","毎年開催される、生出神社の八朔祭（9月1日）では「屋台」が見どころの、壮大な祭礼行列が行われます。","Oide Shrine’s annual Hassaku Festival, held on September 1st, includes a magnificent festival parade featuring floats called yatai."]
[1510,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","鳥文斎藤原栄之","ちょうぶんさいふじわらえいし","Chobunsai Fujiwara Eishi","仲町屋台の飾幕は、狩野派の侍画家、鳥文斎藤原栄之(1756～1829)による絵が特徴です。","The decorative curtain of the Nakamachi Yatai features an image created by Chobunsai Fujiwara Eishi (1756–1829), a samurai painter of the Kano school. "]
[1511,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","仁科源太郎","にしなげんたろう","Nishina Gentaro","この建物は、20世紀初頭に、地元産の絹の取引で富を成した、仁科源太郎という都留の有名な商人の住居兼、店だったものです。","This building is the former home and business of Nishina Gentaro. He was a prominent Tsuru merchant who became wealthy in the early twentieth century by trading in locally-produced silks. "]
[1512,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","河川・渓谷","柄杓流川","しゃくながれがわ","Shakunagare River\n","柄杓流川は、文字通りだと「柄杓の流れ」を意味し、これにも古い言い伝えがあります。","The Shakunagare River, whose name literally means “Ladle Flow,” also has an old legend attached to it."]
[1513,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","高山伝右衛門","たかやまでんえもん","Takayama Den’emon","火事の後、家を失った芭蕉は、この地を統治していた大名の家老である、弟子の高山伝右衛門に招待されて、谷村（現在の都留）へ旅に出ました。","Following the fire, the now homeless Basho traveled to the village of Yamura (present-day Tsuru), invited by his pupil Takayama Den’emon, a minister to the feudal lord who ruled this area."]
[1514,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","河川・渓谷","蒼竜峡","そうりゅうきょう","Soryu Gorge","川の一部では、青い水が狭い火山の渓谷を曲がりくねって流れ、まるで青い竜のように見えます。","Not far downstream from the pool is Soryu Gorge, a section of river whose blue waters wind through a narrow volcanic gorge, resembling the image of a blue dragon."]
[1515,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","山岳","御正体山","みしょうたいさん","Mishotai Mountain","御正体山(1682 メートル)は、神道と仏教の両方に関連する聖地で、日本の名山200の1つとみなされています。","The trailhead to Mishotai Mountain (1682 m), a holy site connected with both Shinto and Buddhism and considered one of Japan’s top 200 famous mountains, can be found at the base of the valley. "]
[1516,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","徳富蘇峰","とくとみそほう","Tokutomi Soho","影響力のあった、20世紀初頭のジャーナリスト徳富蘇峰(1863-1957)は、都留を訪れた際、その美しさに魅せられました。","When the influential early twentieth-century journalist Tokutomi Soho (1863–1957) visited Tsuru, he was enchanted by the gorge’s beauty. "]
[1517,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御正体権現","みしょうたいごんげん","Mishotai Gongen","さらに御正体山は養蚕の守護神である御正体権現として崇拝されるようになりました。","More recently, Mishotai Mountain came to be venerated as Mishotai Gongen, the guardian deity of silkworm farming."]
[1518,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","菅原道真","すがわらみちざね","Sugawara no Michizane","ここに祀られている霊は、今から千年以上前に活躍していた学者・政治家の菅原道真（845-903年）の霊です。","The spirit enshrined here is that of Sugawara no Michizane (845–903), a scholar and statesman who lived more than 1000 years ago. "]
[1519,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天照大神","あまてらすのおおかみ","Amaterasu no Omikami","その昔、太陽の女神である天照大神（あまてらすおおみかみ）は、弟と争った後、洞窟に隠れ、その結果、世界は暗闇に投げ込まれてしまいました。","As the story goes, long ago the sun goddess Amaterasu no Omikami hid herself in a cave to sulk after a dispute with her brother, thus casting the world into darkness."]
[1520,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松尾芭蕉","まつおばしょう","Matsuo Basho","この小さな建物は、有名な俳人、松尾芭蕉(1644～1694)が住んだ「桃林軒」を復元したものです。 芭蕉は武士の家に生まれましたが、文学を追求するために地位や特権を放棄しました。彼は俳句にミニマリズムの美学を導入し、単なる娯楽であった俳句を洗練された芸術に高めました。","This small building is a reconstruction of Torinken, or “Peach Grove House,” where the famed haiku master Matsuo Basho (1644–1694) once stayed. Born to a samurai family, Basho abandoned his status and its privileges to pursue a literary life. During his career, he introduced minimalist aesthetics to the haiku form, transforming what had been considered a simple literary pastime into a sophisticated art form."]
[1521,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","史跡","牛石","うしいし","Ushiishi","都留にあるこの時代の多く遺跡の1つは、桂川と大幡川の合流する厚原（あつはら）周辺に、直径50mのリング状の配石遺構がある牛石遺跡です。 ","One of Tsuru’s many relics from this period are the Ushiishi, a group of rocks arranged in a ring shape. "]
[1522,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","湖沼","叶が池","かのうがいけ","Kanogaike","本堂裏の丘には小さな池があり、「叶が池（かのうがいけ）」と呼ばれています。","On the hillside behind and to the left of the temple’s Main Hall lies a small pond known as Kanogaike, whose name literally means “Wish-Granting Pond.”"]
[1523,"山梨県","都留市農泊推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","葛飾北斎","かつしかほくさい","Katsushika Hokusai","毎年9月に開かれる八朔祭の間、市の通りを手で引いていく、木製の巨大な屋台で、都留市の誇りです。葛飾北斎(1760～1849)のような、19世紀の著名な画家が下絵を描いた、見事な幕が特徴です。","The festival floats are the pride of the city and feature exquisite curtains with pictures drafted by famous nineteenth-century painters such as Katsushika Hokusai (c. 1760–1849)."]
[1524,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","社会","参勤交代","さんきんこうたい","sankin kotai","中山道には、太平洋岸に沿って伸び、歩きやすかった東海道ほどの利用者はいませんでしたが、2年毎に大名を各自の国から参勤させた参勤交代制度においては重要な役割を果たしていました。"," Although it was not as heavily traveled as the easier Tokaido route, which ran along the Pacific coast, the Nakasendo played a crucial part in the sankin kotai system, which required the feudal lords to travel from their domains to Edo every second year.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1525,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","出梁造り","だしばりづくり","dashibari-zukuri","また道幅を妨げることなく居住空間を最大化できるようにせり出した2階部分を支える、出梁造りという張り出した梁にもご注目ください。","Notice also the protruding beams called dashibari-zukuri that support an overhanging second floor to maximize living space while maintaining road width.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1526,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","人物・人名・役職名","地蔵","じぞう","jizo","延命堂とは、「長寿のお堂」を意味し、 人々は地蔵尊に長寿を祈願していました。","Enmei-do means “Hall of Long Life.” A prayer to jizo is a prayer for a long life.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1527,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","山岳","天台山","てんだいさん","Mount Tiantai","唐朝期 (618年～907年) に天台山の近くに住んでいた寒山と拾得というふたりの道教僧が描かれており、このふたりは中国と日本の水墨画で好んで描かれた題材でした。","It depicts Kanzan and Jittoku, two Taoist immortals who lived near the sacred Mount Tiantai during the Tang dynasty (618–907); they were a popular subject of Chinese and Japanese ink paintings."]
[1528,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","桝形","ますがた","masugata","この仕掛けは枡形として知られ、(文字通り「箱型」です)、米の計量に使われた正方形の木製の箱、枡にちなんでいます。","This feature was known as a masugata (literally “box shape”), after masu, a square wooden box used to measure rice.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1529,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本堂","ほんどう","hondo","本堂、厨房と庫裡は、いずれも江戸時代 (1603年～1868年) に建設されたものです。","Both the main hall (hondo) and the temple kitchen and residence (kuri) date from the Edo period (1603 –1868).","※斜体で表記。"]
[1530,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","鬼瓦","おにがわら","oni-gawara","悪霊を撃退させるために瓦屋根の棟の端に設置された、重量120kgの鬼瓦のひとつが境内に展示されています。","One of the 120-kilogram ridge-end oni-gawara “demon” tiles—intended to ward off evil—from the previous roof is on display in the temple yard. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1531,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","集落・街","一石栃","いちこくとち","Ichikokutochi","この番所が1749年に洪水で流された際には、さらに数キロ南の一石栃に再建され、1869年まで稼働していました。","When that was washed away in a flood in 1749, the checkpoint was rebuilt a few kilometers further south in Ichikokutochi , where it operated until 1869."]
[1532,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","岩石・洞窟","鯉岩","こいいわ","Carp Rock","地すべりによってここまで流れてきたであろうこの大きな岩は、鯉岩として知られています。","This large rock, probably brought here by a landslide, is known as Carp Rock."]
[1533,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","高札場","こうさつば","kosatsuba","江戸時代 (1603年～1868年) には、幕府からの布告が書かれた尖頂のある木札、高札を掲示するこのような高札場がどの町にもありました。","During the Edo period (1603–1868), every town had its own kosatsuba, or public noticeboard, where national edicts were displayed on peaked wooden tablets like this one. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1534,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","その他","中山道","なかせんどう","Nakasendo ","中山道は、江戸時代 (1603年～1868年) に幕府の管理下にあった江戸と各地を結び道路網を形成していた5つの街道、五街道のひとつでした。","The Nakasendo was one of the Gokaido—the five highways that formed the network of centrally administered roads linking the city of Edo to the provinces during the Edo period (1603–1868)."]
[1535,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","立場茶屋","たてばじゃや","Tateba-Jaya ","立場茶屋","Tateba-Jaya ","※スポット名として使用。\n※「立場」と「茶屋」の間にハイフンを使用。\n※立場茶屋の紹介文では、「The tea house」を使用。"]
[1536,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","史跡","一石栃白木改番所跡","いちこくとちしらきあらためばんしょ","Site of the Ichikokutochi Shiraki-Aratame Guard House","一石栃白木改番所跡","Site of the Ichikokutochi Shiraki-Aratame Guard House","※スポット名として使用。\n※「白木」と「改番所」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1537,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","人物・人名・役職名","子安観音","こやすかんのん","Koyasu Kannon","多数ある観音菩薩のひとつ、子安観音は、子授け、安産と子育てを助けてくれる観音様です。","One of the many forms of Kannon, the goddess of mercy, Koyasu Kannon grants fertility and safe delivery, and assists with childrearing."]
[1538,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神居木","かもいぎ","kamoigi","このような木は、神居木、つまり神様の宿る木として知られています。","Such trees are known as kamoigi, literally “the-gods-reside-here” trees.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1539,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","植物","停止木","ちょうじぼく","chojiboku","これら、保護の対象となっていた樹木は、停止木 (ちょうじぼく) とも呼ばれていました。","Another name for these protected trees is chojiboku, which literally means “stop tree.”","※斜体で表記。"]
[1540,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","滝","男滝・女滝","おたき・めたき","Otaki and Metaki Waterfalls ","男滝・女滝","Otaki and Metaki Waterfalls ","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1541,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","倉科祖霊社","くらしなそれいしゃ","Kurashina Ancestral Shrine","倉科祖霊社","Kurashina Ancestral Shrine","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1542,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","集落・街","大妻籠","おおつまご","Otsumago","大妻籠は、妻籠 (2km北) と、男埵川沿いの馬籠 (8km南) の間に位置しています。","Otsumago stands between Tsumago (2 kilometers to the north), and Magome (8 kilometers to the south) on River Otaru."]
[1543,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","史跡","石柱道標","せきちゅうどうひょう","Stone Marker Post ","石柱道標","Stone Marker Post","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1544,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","城跡・城郭・宮殿","山城","やまじろ","yamajiro","妻籠城は、自然の地形の防御的利点を利用して山に作られた要塞、山城でした。","Tsumago Castle was a yamajiro, a mountain fortress that exploited the natural terrain for defensive advantage.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1545,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","史跡","上久保の一里塚","うわくぼのいちりづか","Uwakubo Distance Marker","上久保の一里塚","Uwakubo Distance Marker","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1546,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","かぶと観音","かぶとかんのん","Helmet Bodhisattva","かぶと観音","Helmet Bodhisattva","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1547,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","食","どぶろく","どぶろく","doburoku","ここは、どぶろくという未濾過のにごり酒が一般的だった江戸時代 (1600年～1868年) に透明の清酒を生み出したことで有名になった革新的な酒造家、遠山氏の酒蔵があった場所です。","This was once the site of the Toyama Brewery, an innovative brewery that was famous in the Edo period (1603–1868) for making clear sake (seishu) at a time when the cloudy unfiltered version known as doburoku was more common. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1548,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","史跡","園原先生の碑","そのはらせんせいのひ","Sonohara Monument","園原先生の碑","Sonohara Monument","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1549,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","工芸・美術品","天神像","てんじんぞう","Tenjin-zo","左から右の順に、学問の神の像、天神像 (左)、僧の食糧の面倒を見、厨房のかまどの上に設置 (そのために煤汚れています) されていた韋駄天像 (中央)、そして、15人の童子 (現在は7体が紛失しています) を従えた音楽、詩や芸術の女神、弁財天の弁財天十五童子像 (右) 。","From left to right, these are Tenjin-zo, the god of scholarship (left); Idaten-zo, the god who takes care of monks’ provisions (this was placed above the kitchen hearth, hence its smoke-blackened state) (center); and Benzaiten Jugo Doji-zo, representing Benzaiten, the goddess of music, poetry and art, who in this manifestation is normally represented with 15 little children, though seven are missing here (right).","※斜体で表記なし。\n※「天神」と「像」の間はハイフンを使用。"]
[1550,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","工芸・美術品","韋駄天像","いだてんぞう","Idaten-zo","左から右の順に、学問の神の像、天神像 (左)、僧の食糧の面倒を見、厨房のかまどの上に設置 (そのために煤汚れています) されていた韋駄天像 (中央)、そして、15人の童子 (現在は7体が紛失しています) を従えた音楽、詩や芸術の女神、弁財天の弁財天十五童子像 (右) 。","From left to right, these are Tenjin-zo, the god of scholarship (left); Idaten-zo, the god who takes care of monks’ provisions (this was placed above the kitchen hearth, hence its smoke-blackened state) (center); and Benzaiten Jugo Doji-zo, representing Benzaiten, the goddess of music, poetry and art, who in this manifestation is normally represented with 15 little children, though seven are missing here (right).","※斜体で表記なし。\n※「韋駄天」と「像」の間はハイフンを使用。"]
[1551,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","工芸・美術品","弁財天十五童子像","べんざいてんじゅうごどうじぞう"," Benzaiten Jugo Doji-zo","左から右の順に、学問の神の像、天神像 (左)、僧の食糧の面倒を見、厨房のかまどの上に設置 (そのために煤汚れています) されていた韋駄天像 (中央)、そして、15人の童子 (現在は7体が紛失しています) を従えた音楽、詩や芸術の女神、弁財天の弁財天十五童子像 (右) 。","From left to right, these are Tenjin-zo, the god of scholarship (left); Idaten-zo, the god who takes care of monks’ provisions (this was placed above the kitchen hearth, hence its smoke-blackened state) (center); and Benzaiten Jugo Doji-zo, representing Benzaiten, the goddess of music, poetry and art, who in this manifestation is normally represented with 15 little children, though seven are missing here (right).","※斜体で表記なし。\n※「童子」と「像」の間はハイフンを使用。"]
[1552,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","本陣","ほんじん","primary inn (honjin) ","鮎沢家は、この跡地にあった大名、公家や幕府の役人のための本陣を勤めていました。","The Aizawa family ran the primary inn (honjin) for daimyo lords, nobles, and shogunal officials, which stood on this site.","※「honjin」は斜体で表記。\n※文中は「primary inn」のみの使用も可能。"]
[1553,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","脇本陣","わきほんじん","secondary inn (waki-honjin)","木曽にある11の宿場町のすべてに、大名、公家や幕府の役人が宿泊した本陣と、脇本陣の双方があります。","All 11 of the post towns in Kiso had both a primary inn (honjin) for feudal lords, court nobles, and shogunate officials  and a secondary inn (waki-honjin).","※「waki-honjin」は斜体で表記。\n※「脇」と「本陣」の間はハイフンを使用。\n※文中は「secondary inn」のみの使用も可能。"]
[1554,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","その他","与川道","よがわみち","Yogawa-michi","与川道は、木曽川に沿って延びていた中山道が地滑りや洪水により通行できない時に旅人が迂回路として使っていました。1731年の資料によると、与川道沿いには、位の高い人が少し休憩を取ることのできる休憩所がここ松原のほかに、根の上峠と桃木峠の3ヶ所にありました。","The Yogawa-michi was an alternative route that was used by travelers when the Nakasendo, which ran alongside the Kiso River, was impassable due to landslides or floods. According to documents from 1731, there were three places along the Yogawa-michi where persons of rank could take a little rest: this one at Matsubara, another at Ne-no-Ue Pass, and the third at Momo-no-Ki Pass.","※「与川」と「道」の間はハイフンを使用。"]
[1555,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","阿弥陀堂","あみだどう","Amidado Temple","阿弥陀堂","Amidado Temple","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1556,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","欄干","らんかん","rankan","かつてここに架かっていた橋には非常に顕著な特徴、欄干が備わっており、これを受けてその周辺地域の地名も「らんかん」と呼ばれるようになりました。","The bridge that once stood here, however, had railings (rankan), a feature so remarkable that the surrounding area, Rankan, was named for it.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1557,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","石仏道標","せきぶつどうひょう","Stone Signpost","石仏道標","Stone Signpost","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1558,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","史跡","人馬会所","じんばかいしょ","jimbakaisho","馬や荷物運搬人を旅人に提供した問屋の権利も共有していました。","They also shared in the responsibilities of the jimbakaisho, or the provision of horses and porters to travelers. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1559,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","囲炉裏","いろり","Irori","玄関の右側には囲炉裏が上段の板の間に設えられた、囲炉裏の間があります。","To the right of the entrance is the irori no ma, or hearth, on the raised wooden floor.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1560,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","上段の間","じょうだんのま"," jodan-no-ma","宿泊施設部分の中で特に興味深いものは、大名が就寝した上段の間です。","Of particular interest in the guest quarters is the jodan-no-ma (“the raised-floor-level room”), which is where feudal lords would sleep. ","※斜体で表記。\n※「上段」と「の」と「間」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1561,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","史跡","問屋","とんや","tonya","運営全体を取りまとめていた者は問屋と呼ばれていました。","The person in charge of the overall operation was known as the tonya. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1562,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","桃介橋","ももすけばし","Momosuke Bridge","桃介橋","Momosuke Bridge"]
[1563,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","植物","ナギソミツバツツジ","なぎそみつばつつじ","Nagiso mitsuba tsutsuji","その中には、この地方の固有種で稀少なナギソミツバツツジが含まれています。","Among them is Nagiso mitsuba tsutsuji, a rare variety unique to this region.","※斜体で表記。 "]
[1564,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","廿三夜塔","にじゅうさんやとう","Tower of the 23rd Night","廿三夜塔","Tower of the 23rd Night","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1565,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","木賃宿","きちんやど","kichin-yado","当時は木を購入した者を地主が宿泊させていたため、この宿は、文字通り「木で宿賃を払う宿」という意味の木賃宿として知られていました。","It was known as a kichin-yado, literally “an inn where you pay in wood,” since the purchase of wood from the landlord would allow one to spend the night.","※斜体で表記。\n※「木賃」と「宿」の間にハイフンを使用。"]
[1566,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","座敷","ざしき","zashiki","中間部分には囲炉裏があり、その奥には畳敷きの座敷があります。","In the middle third is the irori hearth; the zashiki, or tatami-floored rooms, are at the back of the house. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1567,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","千本格子","せんぼんこうし","senbon-koshi","この郵便局では、道路まで張り出た2階部分を外部まで突き出した梁で支えている、出梁造りという構造や、千本格子などの昔ながらの宿場町建築の特徴が多数見られ、また、その外には1870年代風の黒い郵便ポストも設えられています。その外観は昔ながらのものですが、実際にはこの建物は1979年に警察署の跡地に建設されたものです。","This post office displays many of the hallmarks of classic post-town architecture: an overhanging upper story supported by protruding beams (dashibari-zukuri); windows decorated with fine wooden lattice work (senbon-koshi); and even an 1870s-style black postbox outside. Despite its old-world appearance, the building actually dates from 1979, when it was constructed on the site of the former police station.","※斜体で表記。\n※「千本」と「格子」の間はハイフンを使用。"]
[1568,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","建造物等","長屋","ながや","nagaya","この19世紀初めに建てられた家は、遠く離れた道路までずっと並ぶ長屋【の一部】です。","This house, which dates from the early nineteenth century, is a nagaya row house that extends a long way back.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1569,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","拝殿","はいでん","haiden","この神社では、拝殿の片側だけにそびえる2本の大杉がその大きな特徴となっています。","Two enormous cedar trees that stand just to one side of the haiden (hall of worship) make this shrine special. ","※斜体で表記。"]
[1570,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本殿","ほんでん","honden","道路から本殿へと続く合計448段の石段も大木と同様に見事です。","The stone staircase from the road up to the honden (main sanctuary) is no less impressive, with a total of 448 steps.","※斜体で表記。"]
[1571,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","テーマ施設等","山の歴史館","やまのれきしかん","Yama no Rekishikan History Museum","山の歴史館","Yama no Rekishikan History Museum","※スポット名として使用。"]
[1572,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","人物・人名・役職名","桃介","ももすけ","Momosuke","木曽川の勾配と、力強い水流を見た桃介は「一河川一会社主義」という概念を思いつきました。 ","The gradient and vigorous current of the Kiso River inspired Momosuke to come up with the concept of “one river, one company.”","※本名は福沢桃介だが、通称「桃介」であるため、英文も彼を表す場合は「Momosuke」を使用。"]
[1573,"長野県","妻籠宿連絡調整会議","人物・人名・役職名","貞奴","さだやっこ","Sadayakko","貞奴は、音次郎の一座に加わり、欧米興行をした際に女優としての名声を手にしました。","Sadayakko became famous as an actress in the United States and Europe while touring with Kawakami’s troupe.","※本名は川上貞奴だが、通称「貞奴」であるため、英文も彼女を表す場合は「Sadayakko」を使用。"]
[1574,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","剣術所","けんじゅつしょ","Kenjutsusho","当時、剣術は非常に重視されており、1863年に剣術所と北側の東序をつなぐことで、訓練のための場所が一時的に拡張されました。","Kenjutsu was heavily emphasized at the time, and in 1863 the space for training was expanded for a time by connecting the Kenjutsusho to the classroom building to its north."]
[1575,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","柔術所","じゅうじゅつしょ","Jujutsusho","柔術所は校門の左側すみにあり、生徒たちが柔術を訓練した場所です。","The Jujutsusho is situated in the corner to the left of the entrance gate, and is where students trained in jujitsu."]
[1576,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","槍術所","槍術所","Sojutsusho ","学校で最大の武道場である槍術所では、生徒は槍、後に銃の技術を学んでいました。","In the Sojutsusho building, in the school’s largest martial arts training room, students learned techniques using yari (spears) and, later, guns. "]
[1577,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","弓術所","きゅうじゅつしょ","Kyujutsusho","弓術所は、日本の「弓道」の稽古専用に建てられました。","The Kyujutsusho was built specifically for training in Japanese archery. "]
[1578,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","集落・街","門前町","もんぜんまち","monzen-machi","これらの集落は門前町（お寺の門の前にある町）と呼ばれるようになりました。","These villages came to be called monzen-machi, meaning “town in front of the (temple) gate.”"]
[1579,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宿坊","しゅくぼう","shukubo","これらの町の宿坊は茅葺屋根の大きな建物で、一般的にお寺と宿の両方を性質を持ち合わせた場所となっていました。","The shukubo of these villages were large, thatch-roofed buildings and generally combined both a temple and inn under one roof. "]
[1580,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","年中行事","神楽","かぐら","kagura","宝光社の社殿の正面中央には、「天岩戸の伝説」を描いた伝統的な踊りである、神楽の舞台があります。","Front and center inside Hokosha’s main building is a stage for the Kagura, a traditional dance depicting the legend of Ama no Iwato, “the stone door of heaven.”"]
[1581,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","奥社","おくしゃ"," Okusha Shrine ","「参道」と呼ばれる奥社へ行く道は、大きな木製の鳥居から始まり、何世紀にもわたって聖地とされてきた森の中を2km歩いていくことになります。","The approach to Okusha Shrine, called the sando, starts at the large wooden torii gate and runs for two kilometers through forest that has for centuries been considered sacred ground. "]
[1582,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","中社","ちゅうしゃ","Chusha Shrine","奥社と宝光社の間に位置する中社では、知恵の神様である八意思兼神が祀られています。","Chusha Shrine, located centrally between Okusha and Hokosha shrines, is dedicated to Ame no Yagokoro Omoikane, the deity of wisdom and intelligence."]
[1583,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宝光社","ほうこうしゃ","Hokosha Shrine","奥社への道に沿い、中社と宝光社のある地域では、僧侶たちは戸隠への参拝者が食事をとって寝ることができる宿坊をいくつか作りました。","Along the path to Okusha Shrine and in the areas facing Chusha and Hokosha shrines, monks established a number of shukubo, inns where pilgrims to Togakushi could eat and sleep."]
[1584,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","霊屋","たまや","Mausoleum","長国寺の境内には5つの真田の霊屋は建てられました。","Five Sanada mausoleums were built on the grounds of Chokokuji."]
[1585,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","戸隠流","とがくれりゅう","Togakure-ryu","戸隠独自の流派である「戸隠流」は、忍術が生まれてすぐに始まったとされています。","Togakure-ryu, a school of ninjutsu unique to Togakushi, began in the earliest stages of ninjutsu’s development."]
[1586,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","食","ぼっち盛り","ぼっちもり","botchi-mori","現在、戸隠では蕎麦は五つのわっか状にして竹ざるに盛り提供されます。これはぼっち盛りと呼ばれて戸隠特有のものです。","Today, soba noodles in Togakushi are usually served in five looped portions on a bamboo tray. This serving style is known as botchi-mori, and is unique to Togakushi. "]
[1587,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山岳信仰","さんがくしんこう","sangaku shinko","それは山岳信仰というさらに古い信仰も含まれています。これは、戸隠山と飯縄山を対象にしていたもので、戸隠神社の基礎をなしました。","It also includes the yet more ancient mountain beliefs of sangaku shinko, which were focused on Mt. Togakushi and Mt. Iizuna, and became the foundation for the shrines of Togakushi."]
[1588,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","植物","根曲がり竹","ねまがりだけ","curved-root bamboo","この竹は特にしなやかで根の部分が曲がっています。これらの特徴により冬の豪雪でも折れることなく、しなやかに曲がります。このため、チシマザサは地元では「根曲り竹」という通称でも呼ばれています。","This bamboo is particularly supple, with stalks that are curved at the bottom, two special qualities that allow it to lie flat rather than breaking when weighed down by the heavy winter snows. Its local nickname is nemagari-take, or “curved-root bamboo.”"]
[1589,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","松代藩文武学校","まつしろはんぶんぶがっこう"," Matsushiro Literary and Military School ","武学校は、江戸時代に作られた250校以上の学校のうち、現在もほぼ完全に残っている唯一の学校です。","The Matsushiro Literary and Military School stands as the only one of over 250 such schools from the Edo period that has survived almost completely in its entirety."]
[1590,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","庭園・公園","妙高戸隠連山国立公園","みょうこうとがくしれんざんこくりつこうえん","Myoko-Togakushi Renzan National Park","豊富な年間降雪量によって、妙高戸隠連山国立公園は、さまざまな冬のアウトドアアクティビティを行うことができます。","With appreciable annual snowfall, Myoko-Togakushi Renzan National Park offers a variety of outdoor winter activities."]
[1591,"長野県","長野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五社巡り","ごしゃめぐり","Go-sha Meguri","五社巡りとは、宝光社から奥社までの戸隠五社を訪れる10キロメートルのコースです。","The Go-sha Meguri is a 10-kilometer path that visits the five shrines of Togakushi, from Hokosha to Okusha."]
[1592,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","間欠泉","かんけつせん","geyser","大多数の間欠泉が数分～数時間ごとの一定の間隔で噴き出すのとは異なり、この噴泉は高さ20メートルに達する水柱を絶えず放出しており、川底から発せられるその水の温度は摂氏90度を超える。","Unlike most geysers, which erupt at intervals ranging from a few minutes to several hours, it emits a continuous plume of water that can reach 20 meters in height and exits the riverbed at more than 90 degrees Celsius. "]
[1593,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","硫黄","いおう","sulfur","ナトリウム、硫黄、硫酸カルシウムが豊富に含まれており、ミネラルが結晶化した沈殿物が噴泉口の周りに堆積するため、口が塞がれないよう定期的に取り除く必要がある。","The water is rich in sodium, sulfur, and calcium sulfate, and crystalline mineral deposits that accumulate around the geyser’s mouth must be periodically removed to ensure it does not become blocked."]
[1594,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","硫酸カルシウム","りゅうさんカルシウム","calcium sulfate","ナトリウム、硫黄、硫酸カルシウムが豊富に含まれており、ミネラルが結晶化した沈殿物が噴泉口の周りに堆積するため、口が塞がれないよう定期的に取り除く必要がある。","The water is rich in sodium, sulfur, and calcium sulfate, and crystalline mineral deposits that accumulate around the geyser’s mouth must be periodically removed to ensure it does not become blocked."]
[1595,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","ニホンザル","にほんざる","Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata)","ニホンザル（Macaca fuscata）、別名「スノーモンキー」は日本固有の種で、ヒトを除く霊長類としては世界で最も北に生息するサルである。","Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), or “snow monkeys,” are species endemic to Japan and the world’s northernmost nonhuman primates. "]
[1596,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","自然現象","銀化現象","ぎんかげんしょう","iridescence","このグラスは珍しい銀化現象によって、その生来の美しさがいっそう増している。これは何世紀もの間地下に埋まっていたことでもたらされたものである。","The glass objects’ natural beauty is enhanced by their rare iridescence, which is acquired during centuries spent buried underground."]
[1597,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","湯花","ゆばな","“water flowers” ","小さな浴場にはそれぞれ異なる源泉が引かれており、たとえば、渋大湯（しぶおおゆ）では鉄分が豊富で茶色く濁ったお湯、七操の湯（ななくりのゆ）では、湯花（ゆばな）と呼ばれる赤みがかった鉱物の沈殿物が所々に浮かんだ無色透明のお湯など、さまざまな温泉を試すことができる。","The small bathhouses are fed by several different sources and offer a range of different waters, from the murky, iron-rich brown baths at Shibu-Ōyu to the clear waters at Nanakuri no Yu that are flecked with bits of reddish mineral deposits called “water flowers” (yubana). "]
[1598,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","九湯めぐり","きゅうとうめぐり","“nine-water pilgrimage”","この地区にある旅館の宿泊者なら誰でも、9つの浴場すべてを巡る「九湯めぐり（きゅうとうめぐり）」を無料で試すことができる。","Guests at any of the local inns can freely attempt the “nine-water pilgrimage” (kyūtō meguri), a tour of all nine bathhouses."]
[1599,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","養遐齢","ようかれい","“waters of longevity”","湯田中温泉（ゆだなかおんせん）は、650年頃に智由（ちゆう）という名の僧によって発見され、養遐齢（ようかれい）（長命長寿の湯）と名付けられた。","The hot springs at Yudanaka Onsen were discovered around 650 by a monk named Chiyū, who dubbed them “waters of longevity” (yōkarei)."]
[1600,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","日光菩薩","にっこうぼさつ","Bodhisattva of Sunlight ","寺の本堂の中央には医薬の仏である薬師如来像があり、その両脇に日光菩薩と月光菩薩の像が祀られている。","In the temple’s main sanctuary, the central image is of Yakushi Nyorai, the Medicine Buddha, who is flanked by the Bodhisattva of Sunlight (nikkōbosatsu) and the Bodhisattva of Moonlight (gakkōbosatsu)."]
[1601,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","月光菩薩","がっこうぼさつ","Bodhisattva of Moonlight","寺の本堂の中央には医薬の仏である薬師如来像があり、その両脇に日光菩薩と月光菩薩の像が祀られている。","In the temple’s main sanctuary, the central image is of Yakushi Nyorai, the Medicine Buddha, who is flanked by the Bodhisattva of Sunlight (nikkōbosatsu) and the Bodhisattva of Moonlight (gakkōbosatsu)."]
[1602,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手印","しゅいん","gesture","精神の清らかさと悟りの象徴である蓮の花の上に立った姿で、相手を受け入れて守護する意味の手印を結んでいる","Kannon is depicted here standing on a lotus blossom, a symbol of spiritual purity and enlightenment. The deity’s hands are held in a gesture (or mudra) representing welcome and protection."]
[1603,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","線香","せんこう","sticks of incense","通常、祠で祈る際は線香を供えるが、遊女たちは代わりに煙草に火をつけて供えていた。","Normally, sticks of incense are burned as offerings when praying at a shrine, but the sex workers offered cigarettes instead. "]
[1604,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","温泉","銭湯","せんとう","sentō","大半の家庭に風呂が設置される前の時代、銭湯は小都市でも大都会でもよく見かけた設備であり、今でも日本文化の1つとして大切に愛されている。","In the days before most private residences had plumbing, public baths were a common fixture of both towns and cities, and sentō are still a cherished part of Japanese culture."]
[1605,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","山岳","北アルプス","きたあるぷす","Northern Japanese Alps","このコースでは、北アルプスと、長野県北部にある北信五岳（ほくしんごがく）の総称で知られる、飯縄山（いいづなやま）、戸隠山（とがくしやま）、黒姫山（くろひめやま）、妙高山（みょうこうさん）、斑尾山（まだらおやま）の5つの主峰すべての絶景を楽しむことができるほか、晴れた日には、約150キロメートル先に日本の象徴である富士山（ふじさん）をかすかに見ることもできる。","This course offers excellent views of the Northern Japanese Alps and all five of the key peaks of northern Nagano—Iizuna, Togakushi, Kurohime, Myōkō, Madarao—collectively known as the Hokushin-Gogaku.On clear days, it is even possible to catch a glimpse of iconic Mt. Fuji, nearly 150 kilometers away. "]
[1606,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","ルリボシヤンマ","るりぼしやんま","moorland hawker (Aeshna juncea)","主によく見られるのは、茶色の体に青と黄色の斑紋が特徴のルリボシヤンマ（Aeshna juncea）と、黒い体に赤とオレンジの斑紋が特徴のカオジロトンボ（Leucorrhinia dubia）である。","Common types include the moorland hawker (Aeshna juncea), distinguishable by its brown body with blue and yellow spots, and the white-faced darter (Leucorrhinia dubia), which is black with red and orange markings. "]
[1607,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","カオジロトンボ","かおじろとんぼ","white-faced darter (Leucorrhinia dubia)","主によく見られるのは、茶色の体に青と黄色の斑紋が特徴のルリボシヤンマ（Aeshna juncea）と、黒い体に赤とオレンジの斑紋が特徴のカオジロトンボ（Leucorrhinia dubia）である。","Common types include the moorland hawker (Aeshna juncea), distinguishable by its brown body with blue and yellow spots, and the white-faced darter (Leucorrhinia dubia), which is black with red and orange markings. "]
[1608,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","キンポウゲ","きんぽうげ"," yellow buttercup (R. japonicus)","キンポウゲ（R. japonicus）の小さな花から、笛の形をした紫色のクボタテンナンショウ（Arisaema nikoense f. kubotae）まで、さまざまな花が鮮やかな光景を生み出し、これをゴンドラに乗って上空から楽しんだり、整備された遊歩道を歩いて近くから楽しんだりできる。","From the small blossoms of the yellow buttercup (R. japonicus) to the purple flutes of Japanese cobra lilies (Arisaema nikoense f. kubotae), the flowers create a rich tableau that can be seen while passing overhead in the gondola and from up close on well-marked paths. "]
[1609,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","クボタテンナンショウ","くぼたてんなんしょう","Japanese cobra lilies (Arisaema nikoense f. kubotae)","キンポウゲ（R. japonicus）の小さな花から、笛の形をした紫色のクボタテンナンショウ（Arisaema nikoense f. kubotae）まで、さまざまな花が鮮やかな光景を生み出し、これをゴンドラに乗って上空から楽しんだり、整備された遊歩道を歩いて近くから楽しんだりできる。","From the small blossoms of the yellow buttercup (R. japonicus) to the purple flutes of Japanese cobra lilies (Arisaema nikoense f. kubotae), the flowers create a rich tableau that can be seen while passing overhead in the gondola and from up close on well-marked paths. "]
[1610,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ドイツトウヒ","どいつとうひ","Norway spruce (Picea abies)","山頂には、外部からこの地域にもたらされた背の高いドイツトウヒ（Picea abies）が生えている。","A tall Norway spruce (Picea abies), a species not native to the area, stands at the mountain summit."]
[1611,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","シラカバ","しらかば","white birch (Betula platyphylla)","このコースではシラカバ（Betula platyphylla）の林や、志賀高原の他のエリアではめったに見ることができないブナ（Fagus crenata）の林の中をのんびりと散策できる。","The course offers a peaceful stroll through groves of white birch (Betula platyphylla) and Japanese beech trees (Fagus crenata), the latter of which is rare in other parts of the Shiga Highlands."]
[1612,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ブナ","ぶな","Japanese beech trees (Fagus crenata)","このコースではシラカバ（Betula platyphylla）の林や、志賀高原の他のエリアではめったに見ることができないブナ（Fagus crenata）の林の中をのんびりと散策できる。","The course offers a peaceful stroll through groves of white birch (Betula platyphylla) and Japanese beech trees (Fagus crenata), the latter of which is rare in other parts of the Shiga Highlands."]
[1613,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","アカゲラ","あかげら","spotted woodpeckers (Dendrocopos major)","コースを歩いていると、アカゲラ（Dendrocopos major）やアオゲラ（Picus awokera）、コゲラ（Dendrocopos kizuki）が幹をつつく音がよく聞こえてくる。これは虫を捕えたり、自分の縄張りであることを示したり、巣作りのために枯れ木を探したりするときの音である。","On this trail, hikers can often hear the sounds of great spotted woodpeckers (Dendrocopos major), Japanese green woodpeckers (Picus awokera), and pygmy woodpeckers (Dendrocopos kizuki) knocking on the trunks as they hunt for insects, indicate their territory, and search for dead wood in which to nest."]
[1614,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","アオゲラ","あおげら","Japanese green woodpeckers (Picus awokera)","コースを歩いていると、アカゲラ（Dendrocopos major）やアオゲラ（Picus awokera）、コゲラ（Dendrocopos kizuki）が幹をつつく音がよく聞こえてくる。これは虫を捕えたり、自分の縄張りであることを示したり、巣作りのために枯れ木を探したりするときの音である。","On this trail, hikers can often hear the sounds of great spotted woodpeckers (Dendrocopos major), Japanese green woodpeckers (Picus awokera), and pygmy woodpeckers (Dendrocopos kizuki) knocking on the trunks as they hunt for insects, indicate their territory, and search for dead wood in which to nest."]
[1615,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","コゲラ","こげら","pygmy woodpeckers (Dendrocopos kizuki)","コースを歩いていると、アカゲラ（Dendrocopos major）やアオゲラ（Picus awokera）、コゲラ（Dendrocopos kizuki）が幹をつつく音がよく聞こえてくる。これは虫を捕えたり、自分の縄張りであることを示したり、巣作りのために枯れ木を探したりするときの音である。","On this trail, hikers can often hear the sounds of great spotted woodpeckers (Dendrocopos major), Japanese green woodpeckers (Picus awokera), and pygmy woodpeckers (Dendrocopos kizuki) knocking on the trunks as they hunt for insects, indicate their territory, and search for dead wood in which to nest."]
[1616,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","笹","ささ","sasa bamboo grass","このコースでは、笹で一面覆われたこの地域独特の高層湿原を何か所か通っていく。","The trail takes hikers through some of the area’s distinctive alpine wetlands, where the ground is covered with sasa bamboo grass. "]
[1617,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","シナノキ","しなのき","Japanese linden tree (Tilia japonica)","しなの木コースは、2つのルートがある手軽な遊歩道で、どちらもシナノキ（Tilia japonica）の大木へ通じている。このシナノキは、その類まれなる樹齢と樹高から長野県（ながのけん）の特別天然記念物に指定されている。","The Shinanoki Course is an easy walking trail with two paths leading to a venerable Japanese linden tree (Tilia japonica) that has been designated a Natural Monument by Nagano Prefecture for its unrivaled age and stature."]
[1618,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ミズバショウ","みずばしょう","Asian skunk cabbage","特に景色が美しくなるのは、純白の仏炎苞をつけたミズバショウの花が咲く5月と6月、そして紫色のヤナギランの花に一面覆われる7月と8月である。","It is particularly scenic in May and June, when the pristine white furls of Asian skunk cabbage (mizubasho) flowers emerge, and in July and August, when the ground is covered in a carpet of purple fireweed blossoms."]
[1619,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","モウセンゴケ","もうせんごけ","sundew (Droseri rotundifolia)","島はモウセンゴケに覆われている。モウセンゴケ（Droseri rotundifolia）とは、粘着性のある非常に細い突起で虫を捕らえる、表面が緑と赤の食虫植物である。","The islands are covered in patches of round-leaved sundew (Droseri rotundifolia), a green and red carnivorous plant that traps insects in sticky, hair-like protrusions. "]
[1620,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","スゲ","すげ","sedge grasses","汚れているように見えるかもしれないが、実際は栄養分が豊富で、スゲやシガアヤメ（I. sanguinea X setosa）などの湿生植物にとって理想的な環境になっている。","While the pond might look polluted, it is actually a mineral-rich environment ideal for marsh plants such as sedge grasses and Shiga iris (I. sanguinea X setosa)."]
[1621,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","シガアヤメ","しがあやめ","Shiga iris (I. sanguinea X setosa)","汚れているように見えるかもしれないが、実際は栄養分が豊富で、スゲやシガアヤメ（I. sanguinea X setosa）などの湿生植物にとって理想的な環境になっている。","While the pond might look polluted, it is actually a mineral-rich environment ideal for marsh plants such as sedge grasses and Shiga iris (I. sanguinea X setosa)."]
[1622,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ワタスゲ","わたすげ","cotton grass (Eriophorum vaginatum)","コースの中で特に注目したいのが、ワタスゲ（Eriophorum vaginatum）の群生に覆われたワタスゲ平と呼ばれる広大に広がる湿原だ。","One particularly noteworthy sight along the course is Watasugedaira, a broad, marshy stretch that is covered with tussocks of hare’s-tail cotton grass (Eriophorum vaginatum). "]
[1623,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ヒカリゴケ","ひかりごけ","goblin gold (Schistostega pennata)","コース沿いで目を引くもう1つの植物は、ヒカリゴケ（Schistostega pennata）と呼ばれる発光性のコケで、節くれだった木の根や落石の下の隙間で見ることができる。","Another visually striking plant that grows along the course is a luminescent moss called goblin gold (Schistostega pennata), which can be found in crevices under gnarled tree roots and rock falls."]
[1624,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","史跡","まが玉","まがたま","comma-shaped relics","コースの名前についているまが玉とは、石やガラス、翡翠で作られたコンマ形をした新石器時代（紀元前1万4千年～紀元前350年）の遺物のことである。","The name of the course refers to comma-shaped relics (magatama) made of stone, glass, or jade that date back to the final millennium of the Jōmon period (14,000–350 BCE). "]
[1625,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","史跡","翡翠","ヒスイ","jade","コースの名前についているまが玉とは、石やガラス、翡翠で作られたコンマ形をした新石器時代（紀元前1万4千年～紀元前350年）の遺物のことである。","The name of the course refers to comma-shaped relics (magatama) made of stone, glass, or jade that date back to the final millennium of the Jōmon period (14,000–350 BCE). "]
[1626,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西国観音巡礼","さいごくかんのんじゅんれい","Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage Circuit","その証拠に、この地にある像は、西国観音巡礼の名で知られる関西地方の有名な巡礼路にある寺の像をモデルにしたものである","In fact, the statues here are modeled on those of the temples in the famous route in the Kansai region known as the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage Circuit."]
[1627,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","高原・湿原・原野","四十八池湿原","しじゅうはちいけしつげん","Forty-Eight Pond Wetlands ","どのルートも志賀山（しがやま）山頂（2,035m）へと通じており、山頂からは、周囲の山々や四十八池湿原、志賀高原にしか見られない山池の数々などの雄大な景色を眺めることができる。","Taking either route will bring climbers to the summit of Mt. Shiga (2,035 m), from where there are panoramic views of the surrounding mountains, the Forty-Eight Pond Wetlands, and a variety of Shiga Highlands’ distinctive mountain ponds. "]
[1628,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","湖沼","鬼の相撲場","おにのすもうば","Devil’s Sumo Ring","そこから見える池のひとつは、相撲の行司が持つ軍配と呼ばれるうちわに似ていることから、鬼の相撲場（おにのすもうば）の名が付いている。","One of these ponds is named the Devil’s Sumo Ring (oni no sumōba) for its resemblance to a gunbai, the fan carried by sumo referees."]
[1629,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","史跡","軍配","ぐんばい","gunbai","そこから見える池のひとつは、相撲の行司が持つ軍配と呼ばれるうちわに似ていることから、鬼の相撲場（おにのすもうば）の名が付いている。","One of these ponds is named the Devil’s Sumo Ring (oni no sumōba) for its resemblance to a gunbai, the fan carried by sumo referees."]
[1630,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","オオシラビソ","おおしらびそ","Maries’ fir (Abies mariesii)","また、このコースは青々と茂ったオオシラビソ（Abies mariesii）の群生林の中も通り抜ける。オオシラビソは大枝から突き出た紫色の球果で見分けることができる。","The trail also winds through many lush groves of Maries’ fir (Abies mariesii), which is recognizable by the purplish cones that jut out from its boughs. "]
[1631,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山伏","やまぶし","yamabushi","山伏（やまぶし）と呼ばれる修行者が、長い山道をひたすら歩いたり、凍えるように冷たい滝に打たれたり、絶壁にぶら下がったりと、肉体的に辛く厳しい苦行を行っている。","Its practitioners, called yamabushi, perform physically challenging ascetic rigors such as completing extremely long mountain hikes, standing under freezing waterfalls, and hanging off cliffs."]
[1632,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ヤナギラン","やなぎらん","fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium)","山へ向かう道も美しく、特に夏になると、熊の湯（くまのゆ）スキー場ゲレンデを通る道は紫色のヤナギラン（Chamaenerion angustifolium）の花に一面覆われる。","The path up the mountain is scenic as well—particularly in summer, when it passes along the Kumanoyu Ski Slopes carpeted with the purple blossoms of fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium). "]
[1633,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","植物","ニッコウキスゲ","にっこうきすげ","Nikkō daylilies (Hemerocallis esculenta) ","鉢山山頂から、コースはオオシラビソ（Abies mariesii）と根曲がり竹の林の中を下っていき、横手山スキー場ゲレンデへとつながっている。ゲレンデのなだらかな草原には、夏になると、紫色をしたヤナギラン（Chamaenerion angustifolium）の小枝と星形の黄色いニッコウキスゲ（Hemerocallis esculenta）がぱっと花を咲かせる。","From the first summit, the route descends through groves of Maries’ fir (Abies mariesii) and dwarf bamboo to reach the ski slopes of Mt. Yokote, where purple sprigs of fireweed (Chamaenerion angustifolium) and yellow starbursts of Nikkō daylilies (Hemerocallis esculenta) sprout forth from the rolling grass in summer."]
[1634,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","岩石・洞窟","黄鉄鉱","おうてっこう","iron pyrite ","これは土壌に黄鉄鉱が含まれているためだ。","This is due to the presence of iron pyrite in the soil. "]
[1635,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","動物","ゲンジボタル","げんじぼたる","Genji firefly (Luciola cruciata) ","夏の夕暮れ時には、この水際を住みかとする、日本原産のゲンジボタル（Luciola cruciata）と呼ばれる発光性の甲虫も見ることができる。","At dusk in summer, hikers might also see a native species of bioluminescent beetle called the Genji firefly (Luciola cruciata) that makes its home at the water’s edge."]
[1636,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","守り神","まもりがみ","guardian spirit","池のほとりに見える赤い鳥居は、この地域で守り神として扱われている大蛇という竜を祀った大蛇神社の鳥居だ。","The red torii gate visible on the shore belongs to Daija-jinjya Shrine, dedicated to Daija, a dragon seen in this area as a guardian spirit."]
[1637,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）志賀高原地域観光資源の多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神輿行列","みこしぎょうれつ"," procession of portable shrines","また、午後には神輿行列が練り歩き、夕方には花火が打ち上げられる。","This is followed in the afternoon by a procession of portable shrines and a fireworks display in the evening."]
[1638,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","山岳","外輪山\nカルデラ縁","がいりんざん\nかるでらえん","ridgeline","この湿原は複数のエリアに分けることができる。火口を取り囲む斜面の大部分には木々が茂っており、北側の外輪山が主にカラマツで覆われているのに対し、南側の斜面にはコメツガの原生林が広がっている。","The wetland can be divided into several areas: the slopes surrounding the crater are largely forested; the northern ridgeline is predominantly covered with Japanese larch, and the southern slope has primeval stands of northern Japanese hemlock."]
[1639,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","高原・湿原・原野","木道","もくどう","wooden boardwalk","ここでは、生態系を踏み荒らされないように作られた木道からそれらの植物を観察することができる。","Many of Ikenotaira’s rare alpine species, which are seldom seen outside of remote elevations, can be viewed from a wooden boardwalk that protects the ecosystem from foot traffic."]
[1640,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","山岳","断層","だんそう","fault","断層とは岩盤に生じたギャップを意味しており、傾斜すべり断層は岩盤の一部がこのギャップの上もしくは下にスライドすることで起こる。","A fault is a fracture in a body of rock, and a dip-slip fault occurs when one section of rock slides up or down the line of the fracture. "]
[1641,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","社会","氷河期\n氷期","ひょうがき\nひょうき","ice age","約1万年前に最後の氷河期が終わって気温が上昇し始めたとき、他の場所では絶滅してしまった植物種を、湯の丸高原の比較的厳しい気候では維持することができたと考えられている。","It is thought that around 10,000 years ago, when the last ice age ended and temperatures began to rise, the comparatively harsh climate of the Yunomaru Highland was able to sustain plant species that died out elsewhere. "]
[1642,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","自然現象","降灰","こうはい"," ash falls","1783年の噴火では溶岩流と降灰によって1,400人以上が亡くなり、この一帯の耕地の多くが埋もれたことで飢饉に拍車がかかり、最終的に約90万人が犠牲となった。","Lava flows and ash falls from the 1783 eruption killed over 1,400 people and buried much of the region’s arable land, worsening a widespread famine that ultimately claimed some 900,000 lives."]
[1643,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","植物","コマクサ","こまくさ","dicentra ","月末頃には、三方ヶ峰（さんぼうがみね）の南側斜面沿いに、特に希少で繊細な高山種であるコマクサがつり鐘の形をしたピンク色の花を咲かせる。","Toward the end of the month, the elaborate pink bells of dicentra (komakusa), a particularly rare and delicate alpine species, bloom along the southern slopes of Mt. Sanbōgamine."]
[1644,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","植物","矮性種","わいせいしゅ","dwarf species","これらの気候条件から、南側斜面で成長する植物はほとんど低木や矮性種が多い。 ","As the snow there melts, the collision of warm and cool air currents produces strong winds. Together, these conditions limit the vegetation that grows on the southern slopes to mostly shrubs and dwarf species."]
[1645,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","工芸・美術品","烏帽子","えぼし","Eboshi","頂上が非常に尖っている烏帽子岳は、平安時代（794–1185）の廷臣が着用した背の高い尖った帽子にちなんで名付けられた。","Mt. Eboshi, whose summit is unusually pointed, is named for the tall, peaked hats worn by courtiers of the Heian period (794–1185)."]
[1646,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","植物","レンゲツツジ","れんげつつじ","Japanese azalea","6月下旬になると、湯ノ丸山（ゆのまるやま）東側の野原では約60万株のレンゲツツジの花が咲き誇り、一面が鮮やかな朱色に染まる。","In late June, the fields east of Mount Yunomaru turn a vivid scarlet as an expanse of some 600,000 Japanese azalea blossoms burst into bloom. "]
[1647,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）湯の丸高峰レクリエーションの森環境整備運営協議会","その他","蹄が割れている\n（偶蹄類）","ひづめがわれている　\n（ぐうているい）"," split-hoofed","蹄が割れているニホンカモシカの足跡はシカの足跡に似ており、冬場には雪の上でよく目にすることができる。","In winter, the srow’s split-hoofed tracks, which resemble those of deer, are often visible in the snow."]
[1648,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","登山ガイド","とざんがいど","Hiking guides","登山ガイド（一部は多言語を話せます）から地元の習慣、ルートの情報、安全のためのヒント、自然環境の知識などを学ぶことで、登山経験がより楽しいものになります。","Hiking guides, some of them multilingual, can make the experience more enjoyable by sharing with you local customs, route information, safety hints and knowledge of the natural environment.","※「Climb」はロッククライミングも含む用語。登山としたいなら、勘違いを避けるために「hike」。\n※北米で「mountain guide」と言うと、国際ガイドにあたるランクを意味する。日本にいる多くのガイドは登山ガイドであり、海外では「hiking guide」に該当。"]
[1649,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","槍ヶ岳","やりがたけ","Mt. Yarigatake","槍ヶ岳の表面にみられるような、北アルプスの山々にある深いU字型の谷は、約1万年前まで続いた最新氷期に氷河に削られた部分です。","The great, U-shaped valleys of these mountains, such as the one on the face of Mt. Yarigatake, were gouged out by glaciers during the most recent ice age that ended some 10,000 years ago."]
[1650,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","焼岳","やけだけ","Mt. Yakedake","北アルプスで最も有名な活火山は上高地の入り口にある焼岳（burning mountain）です。","The most famous active volcano in the Northern Alps is Mt. Yakedake (whose name in Japanese means “burning mountain”), at the entrance of Kamikochi."]
[1651,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","ブナ","ぶな","Japanese Beech (Fagus crenata)","ブナ\nブナは日本原産の落葉樹で、標高1,400メートルまでの場所で育ちます。","Japanese Beech (Fagus crenata)\nThe Japanese beech, or buna, is a deciduous tree native to Japan and can grow at altitudes of up to 1,400 meters."]
[1652,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","シラカバ","しらかば","Japanese White Birch (Betula platyphylla) ","シラカバ\nシラカバは山地全域の標高1,500メートル付近の地域に見られます。","Japanese White Birch (Betula platyphylla) \nThe white birch, or shirakaba, is found throughout the mountains at altitudes of around 1,500 meters"]
[1653,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","ハイマツ","はいまつ","Siberian Dwarf Pine (Pinus pumila)","ハイマツ\nハイマツの群落は、中部山岳国立公園全域の森林限界付近で見られ、ライチョウの安全な避難所となっています。","Siberian Dwarf Pine (Pinus pumila)\nDense fields of Siberian dwarf pine (haimatsu) can be found at high altitudes near the tree line throughout the park, creating a safe haven for the Japanese rock ptarmigan."]
[1654,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","カラマツ","からまつ","Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi)","カラマツ\nカラマツは、唯一の日本原産の落葉性針葉樹です。早春から葉をつけ、その針のような葉は秋の落葉前に明るい黄色に変わります。","Japanese Larch (Larix kaempferi)\nThe Japanese larch, or karamatsu, is the only deciduous coniferous tree native to Japan. It comes into leaf early in spring, and its needles turn bright yellow before being shed in autumn."]
[1655,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","ナナカマド","ななかまど","Japanese Rowan (Sorbus commista)","ナナカマド\nナナカマドはとてもゆっくり燃える薪で、オーブンで7回使用できるという信念から、「7」と「オーブン」を意味する文字で構成されています。","Japanese Rowan (Sorbus commista)\nThe Japanese rowan’s name, nanakamado, is made of two words meaning “seven” and “oven,” from the belief that it is such a slow-burning firewood it can be used in an oven seven times."]
[1656,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","コバイケイソウ","こばいけいそう","Veratrum","コバイケイソウ\nコバイケイソウは花を持つ有毒植物で、まっすぐな茎と複数の白い花が特徴です。","Veratrum\nVeratrum, or kobaikeiso, is a toxic flowering plant recognizable by its straight stems with multiple white blossoms."]
[1657,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","シシウド","ししうど","Angelica pubescens","シシウド\nシシウド（Angelica pubescens）は、日本の在来植物で、7月と8月に背の高い茎から花火のような繊細な白い花を咲かせます。","Angelica pubescens\nCalled shishiudo in Japan, this is a native plant with delicate white blossoms resembling fireworks that emerge from its tall stems in July and August."]
[1658,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","ライチョウ","らいちょう","Japanese Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta)\n","ライチョウ\nライチョウ（日本語で「雷の鳥」の意味）は、小さなニワトリほどの大きさの重い身体を持つ地上食餌型の鳥で、ハイマツの生える高山地域に生息しています。","Japanese Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta)\nThe Japanese rock ptarmigan (its Japanese name raicho means “thunder bird”) is a heavy-bodied ground feeder about the size of a small chicken that is found in alpine areas of dwarf Siberian pine."]
[1659,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","イワヒバリ","いわひばり","Alpine Accentor (Prunella collaris)","イワヒバリ\n縞模様の茶色の背中、灰色の頭、そして赤茶色の斑点のある胸を持つイワヒバリは、植生の少ない山地にみられます。","Alpine Accentor (Prunella collaris)\nWith its streaked brown back, gray head and reddish-brown spotted breast, the alpine accentor (iwahibari in Japanese) is found in mountain areas with little vegetation."]
[1660,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","ホシガラス","ほしがらす","Spotted Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes)\n","ホシガラス\nホシガラスはカラスの仲間で、虫や木の実、松の種子を主食にしています。","Spotted Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes)\nThe spotted nutcracker, or hoshi-garasu, is a member of the crow family and feeds on insects, nuts, and pine cones."]
[1661,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","オコジョ\n","おこじょ","Japanese Least Weasel (Mustela itatsi)\n","オコジョ\nオコジョは、イタチ属の中でも体の小さい種です。","Japanese Least Weasel (Mustela itatsi)\nCalled okojo in Japanese, this is one of the smaller members of the genus Mustela."]
[1662,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","二ホンカモシカ","にほんかもしか","Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus)\n","二ホンカモシカ\n名前にはシカが入っていますが、カモシカはレイヨウの一種で、偶蹄目ウシ科に属します。","Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus)\nThough its Japanese name, kamoshika, includes shika, which means deer, the Japanese serow is an even-toed bovine, a kind of goat-antelope."]
[1663,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","ツキノワグマ","つきのわぐま","Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus)\n","ツキノワグマ\nツキノワグマは中型で主に草食性ですが、小さな哺乳類、鳥、昆虫も食べます。","Asian Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus)\nThe Asian black bear, or kuma, is medium-sized and largely herbivorous, though it will feed on small mammals, birds, and insects."]
[1664,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","ニホンザル","にほんざる","Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata)\n","ニホンザル\nSnow monkeyとしても知られるニホンザルは、中部山岳国立公園の多くの地域で見られ、特に上高地など北アルプスの標高の高い地域に生息しています。","Japanese Macaque (Macaca fuscata)\nThe Japanese macaque or “snow monkey” can be found in many areas of the park, particularly in Kamikochi and at other high altitudes in the Northern Alps."]
[1665,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","穂高岳","ほたかだけ","Mt. Hotaka","槍ヶ岳、穂高岳、常念岳などの高い山は、春にはまだ完全に雪で覆われているため、登山にはアイゼンとアックス、そして経験が必須です。","The higher peaks, such as Mt. Yarigatake, Mt. Hotaka, and Mt. Jonendake, are all still completely snow-covered in spring, so crampons, ice axes, and experience are essential."]
[1666,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","常念岳","じょうねんだけ","Mt. Jonendake","槍ヶ岳、穂高岳、常念岳などの高い山は、春にはまだ完全に雪で覆われているため、登山にはアイゼンとアックス、そして経験が必須です。","The higher peaks, such as Mt. Yarigatake, Mt. Hotaka, and Mt. Jonendake, are all still completely snow-covered in spring, so crampons, ice axes, and experience are essential."]
[1667,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","播隆","ばんりゅう","Banryu","北アルプスの主峰である槍ヶ岳の初登頂は、1828年に播隆（ばんりゅう）という仏僧によって達成されました。北アルプスの主峰である槍ヶ岳の初登頂は、1828年に播隆（ばんりゅう）という仏僧によって達成されました。","The first ascent of Mt. Yarigatake, the centerpiece of the Northern Alps, was made in 1828 by a Buddhist priest named Banryu. "]
[1668,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","上條嘉門次","かみじょうかもんじ","Kamijo Kamonji","山は修行僧に加えて木こりや猟師の領域でもあり、上條嘉門次（かみじょうかもんじ）という猟師は、今では1877年に日本人以外で初めて槍ヶ岳に登った登山家、ウィリアム・ゴーランドを山頂まで先導したことで知られています。","Besides ascetics, the mountains were also the domain of woodcutters and hunters, and one hunter named Kamijo Kamonji is now famed for guiding the first non-Japanese climber, William Gowland, to the peak of Mt. Yarigatake in 1877."]
[1669,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","穂高連峰","ほたかれんぽう","Hotaka mountain range","穂高連峰には、日本にある3,000メートル級の21山のうちの8山が含まれます。","The Hotaka mountain range includes 8 of the 21 mountains in Japan with elevations of over 3,000 meters."]
[1670,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","乗鞍岳","のりくらだけ","Mt. Norikura","中部山岳国立公園の南西の一角を占めるのは、岐阜県と長野県の県境にまたがる巨大な火山、乗鞍岳です。","In the southwest corner of Chubusangaku National Park stands Mt. Norikura, a massive volcanic mountain that straddles the border between Gifu and Nagano prefectures."]
[1671,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","高原・湿原・原野","乗鞍高原","のりくらこうげん","Norikura Kogen","乗鞍高原は乗鞍岳のふもとに広がる広大な高原です。","Norikura Kogen is an expansive plateau at the foot of Mt. Norikura.","※地域で名称を「Norikura Kogen」に統一。"]
[1672,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","温泉","奥飛騨温泉郷","おくひだおんせんごう","Okuhida Onsengo Hot Springs","中部山岳国立公園の素晴らしい自然を長めに体験したい人や、早朝から登山に出発したい人にとって、奥飛騨温泉郷に勝る「ベースキャンプ」地はありません。","For visitors who want a longer experience of the natural wonders of Chubusangaku National Park, or perhaps just an early start on a mountain trek, there is no better “base camp” than the Okuhida Onsengo Hot Springs.","※地域で名称を「Okuhida Onsengo Hot Springs」に統一。"]
[1673,"長野県・岐阜県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","温泉","白骨温泉","しらほねおんせん","Shirahone Onsen","白骨温泉は、中部山岳国立公園の森林に覆われた険しい谷の奥深くにある温泉郷です。","Shirahone Onsen is an onsen hot-spring village tucked deep inside the steep, forested valleys of Chubusangaku National Park.","※地域で名称を「Shirahone Onsen」に統一。"]
[1674,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","食","ワサビア・ジャポニカ","わさびあ・じゃぽにか","Wasabia japonica","日本原産のワサビア・ジャポニカという植物の茎の太い部分または地下茎（よく誤解されますが、根ではありません）から作られます。","It comes from the thick part of the stem, or rhizome (not the root, a common misconception), of the Wasabia japonica plant, native to Japan."]
[1675,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","食","沢わさび","さわわさび","sawa-wasabi","水中で栽培される「沢わさび（本わさび）」は、特定の水質と栽培条件を必要とします。","The latter, known as sawa-wasabi or hon-wasabi, requires very specific water quality and conditions."]
[1676,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","食","本わさび","ほんわさび","hon-wasabi","水中で栽培される「沢わさび（本わさび）」は、特定の水質と栽培条件を必要とします。","The latter, known as sawa-wasabi or hon-wasabi, requires very specific water quality and conditions."]
[1677,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","食","西洋わさび","せいようわさび","western horseradish","多くの人が「わさび」として知っているのは、実は沢わさびが西洋わさびで希釈されたものです。西洋わさびは沢わさびと同じ辛み成分を持っていますが、沢わさびより育てやすく、また辛みがより鋭く長続きします。","What many people know as wasabi is actually a mixture diluted with western horseradish, which shares some of the same spicy attributes, but is easier to grow and has a sharper, longer-lasting effect."]
[1678,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","書物","薬草辞典「本草和名（ほんぞうわみょう）」","やくそうじてん ほんぞうわみょう","Honzo wamyo, a dictionary of medical herbs","古代の人々は、918年編纂の薬草辞典「本草和名（ほんぞうわみょう）」にわさびを採録しました。","The ancients included wasabi in the Honzo wamyo, a dictionary of medical herbs compiled in the year 918."]
[1679,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","穂高神社","ほたかじんじゃ","Hotaka Jinja Shrine","静かなオアシスである穂高神社は、穂高駅からほど近い杉と松の林の中にたたずむ閑静な祈りの場所です。","Hotaka Jinja Shrine is a quiet oasis, a secluded place of worship set in a grove of towering Japanese cedar and pine trees not far from Hotaka Station."]
[1680,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","人物・人名・役職名","綿津見命","わだつみのみこと","Wadatsumi no Mikoto","穂高神社は海の神である綿津見命（わだつみのみこと）とその息子の穂高見命（ほたかみのみこと）を祀っています。穂高見命は、もともと九州に住んでいた海の民、安曇族の守り神です。","It enshrines the nautical deity Wadatsumi no Mikoto and his son, Hotakami no Mikoto. The latter is the tutelary deity of the Azumi clan, originally a seafaring people that lived in Kyushu."]
[1681,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","人物・人名・役職名","穂高見命","ほたかみのみこと","Hotakami no Mikoto","穂高神社は海の神である綿津見命（わだつみのみこと）とその息子の穂高見命（ほたかみのみこと）を祀っています。穂高見命は、もともと九州に住んでいた海の民、安曇族の守り神です。","It enshrines the nautical deity Wadatsumi no Mikoto and his son, Hotakami no Mikoto. The latter is the tutelary deity of the Azumi clan, originally a seafaring people that lived in Kyushu."]
[1682,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","人物・人名・役職名","安曇族","あずみぞく","Azumi clan","穂高神社は海の神である綿津見命（わだつみのみこと）とその息子の穂高見命（ほたかみのみこと）を祀っています。穂高見命は、もともと九州に住んでいた海の民、安曇族の守り神です。","It enshrines the nautical deity Wadatsumi no Mikoto and his son, Hotakami no Mikoto. The latter is the tutelary deity of the Azumi clan, originally a seafaring people that lived in Kyushu."]
[1683,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","奥宮","おくみや","Okumiya branch","奥宮は、上高地にある明神池の近く、名所・河童橋から一時間ほど歩いた場所にあります。","The former is the Okumiya branch, near Myojin Pond in the Kamikochi valley, about an hour’s walk from the iconic Kappabashi Bridge."]
[1684,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","湖沼","明神池","みょうじんいけ","Myojin Pond","奥宮は、上高地にある明神池の近く、名所・河童橋から一時間ほど歩いた場所にあります。","The former is the Okumiya branch, near Myojin Pond in the Kamikochi valley, about an hour’s walk from the iconic Kappabashi Bridge."]
[1685,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","建造物等","河童橋","かっぱばし","Kappabashi Bridge","奥宮は、上高地にある明神池の近く、名所・河童橋から一時間ほど歩いた場所にあります。","The former is the Okumiya branch, near Myojin Pond in the Kamikochi valley, about an hour’s walk from the iconic Kappabashi Bridge."]
[1686,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","嶺宮","みねみや","Minemiya branch","穂高神社の嶺宮は、日本で三番目に高い奥穂高岳の山頂であり北アルプスで最も高い地点、標高3,190メートルの場所に建つ小さな木造の建物です。","The Minemiya branch of Hotaka Jinja is a small wooden structure that stands at 3,190 meters on the summit of Mt. Oku-Hotaka, the third tallest mountain in Japan and the highest spot in the Northern Alps. "]
[1687,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","山岳","奥穂高岳","おくほたかだけ","Mt. Oku-Hotaka","穂高神社の嶺宮は、日本で三番目に高い奥穂高岳の山頂であり北アルプスで最も高い地点、標高3,190メートルの場所に建つ小さな木造の建物です。","The Minemiya branch of Hotaka Jinja is a small wooden structure that stands at 3,190 meters on the summit of Mt. Oku-Hotaka, the third tallest mountain in Japan and the highest spot in the Northern Alps. "]
[1688,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","年中行事","御船祭り","おふねまつり","Ofune Festival","御船祭り","Ofune Festival"]
[1689,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","人物・人名・役職名","安曇比羅夫","あずみのひらふ","Azumi no Hirafu","祭りの二日目である９月27日は、663年に戦死した安曇族の英雄、安曇比羅夫（あずみのひらふ）の命日とされます。","September 27, the second day of the festival, is observed as the anniversary of the death of Azumi-clan hero Azumi no Hirafu, who died in battle in the year 663."]
[1690,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","博物館・美術館","御船会館 \n","おふねかいかん","Ofune Museum","御船会館 ","Ofune Museum"]
[1691,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","道祖神","どうそじん","Dosojin","道祖神は神道の神で、村の境界や道の分岐、山道の道端に置かれる石の彫像に宿ります。道祖神は悪霊を寄せ付けない守護者とされ、「塞（さえ）の神」とも呼ばれます。塞とは、悪霊を「阻止」または「妨害」するという意味です。 ","Dosojin are Shinto deities (kami) that reside in stone carvings placed at the side of the road at village boundaries, forks in roads and mountain passes.  They are considered guardians and protectors that keep out evil spirits, and are also called sae no kami, sae meaning to “block” or “obstruct.”"]
[1692,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","塞の神","さえのかみ","sae no kami","道祖神は神道の神で、村の境界や道の分岐、山道の道端に置かれる石の彫像に宿ります。道祖神は悪霊を寄せ付けない守護者とされ、「塞（さえ）の神」とも呼ばれます。塞とは、悪霊を「阻止」または「妨害」するという意味です。 ","Dosojin are Shinto deities (kami) that reside in stone carvings placed at the side of the road at village boundaries, forks in roads and mountain passes.  They are considered guardians and protectors that keep out evil spirits, and are also called sae no kami, sae meaning to “block” or “obstruct.”"]
[1693,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","年中行事","火の祭り「三九郎」","ひのまつり さんくろう","sankuro fire festivals","1月中旬に、いくつかの地域では道祖神の場所で火の祭り「三九郎」が行われ、不要になった正月飾りなどを円錐形に高く積み上げて燃やします。","In mid-January, some communities use dosojin sites for sankuro fire festivals in which by-then-obsolete New Year decorations and other items are piled into a cone-shaped tower and set on fire."]
[1694,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","山岳","常念岳","じょうねんだけ","Mt. Jonendake","ピラミッド型の常念岳（じょうねんだけ）は、東側からもっとも見つけやすく、安曇野と松本の住民にとって北アルプスのシンボルとなっています。","The pyramid-shaped Mt. Jonendake is the most recognizable from the east and has become the symbol of the Northern Alps for residents of Azumino and Matsumoto."]
[1695,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","山岳","蝶ヶ岳","ちょうがたけ","Mt. Chogatake","蝶ヶ岳は、西に槍ヶ岳・穂高連峰の壮大な景色を望む優雅な山で、その斜面には夏の花の草地が広がっています。","Mt. Chogatake is a graceful mountain offering spectacular views of the Mt. Yari–Mt. Hotaka range to the west and sprawling meadows of summer flowers on its slopes."]
[1696,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","山岳","槍ヶ岳・穂高連峰","やりがたけ・ほたかれんぽう","Mt. Yari–Mt. Hotaka range","蝶ヶ岳は、西に槍ヶ岳・穂高連峰の壮大な景色を望む優雅な山で、その斜面には夏の花の草地が広がっています。","Mt. Chogatake is a graceful mountain offering spectacular views of the Mt. Yari–Mt. Hotaka range to the west and sprawling meadows of summer flowers on its slopes."]
[1697,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","山岳","燕岳","つばくろだけ","Mt. Tsubakuro","燕岳（つばくろだけ）は、長く急な上り坂の上にあるものの、この山は道がよく整備されているので初心者に人気があります。","Mt. Tsubakuro is at the end of a long, steep ascent, but the mountain is popular with beginners because the trails are well-maintained."]
[1698,"長野県 ","（中部山岳国立公園）安曇野市海外プロモーション協議会","山岳","大天井岳","おてんしょうだけ","Mt. Otensho","大天井岳（おてんしょうだけ）は、この地域で一番高い2,922メートルの山であり、槍ヶ岳・穂高岳の西側に続く道が合流しているところです。 ","Mt. Otensho is the highest of this range at 2,922 meters, and the location of a trail junction that crosses over to the western range of Mt. Yarigatake and Mt. Hotaka."]
[1699,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","例大祭","れいたいさい","Reitaisai","細野諏訪神社は、村民が秋の豊作のために雨乞いをするための場所でしたが、今日では例大祭の会場、そして、新年にかけて神社詣りをするという二年詣りの場所ともなっています。","The Hosono Suwa Shrine used to be the destination for villagers to pray for rain in the hope of a rich autumn harvest, but nowadays it’s best-known as the site of the Reitaisai, Hakuba Happo-one’s annual festival, and ninen mairi, the shrine visit that marks the beginning of a new year. "]
[1700,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","二年参り","にねんまいり","ninen mairi","細野諏訪神社は、村民が秋の豊作のために雨乞いをするための場所でしたが、今日では例大祭の会場、そして、新年にかけて神社詣りをするという二年詣りの場所ともなっています。","The Hosono Suwa Shrine used to be the destination for villagers to pray for rain in the hope of a rich autumn harvest, but nowadays it’s best-known as the site of the Reitaisai, Hakuba Happo-one’s annual festival, and ninen mairi, the shrine visit that marks the beginning of a new year. "]
[1701,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","食","焼きそば","やきそば","yakisoba","この壮観な行列は、担ぎ手と観客がお祭りならでは焼きそばや豚汁、綿菓子などの食事でお腹を満たし、活気に満ちた和太鼓の生演奏を楽しむことができる細野諏訪神社で終了します。","The spectacle ends at Hosono Suwa Shrine,  everyone can feast on typical festival fare such as yakisoba (stir-fried noodles), butajiru (miso soup with pork and vegetables), and cotton candy— and enjoy lively taiko drumming performances. "]
[1702,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","食","豚汁","ぶたじる","butajiru","この壮観な行列は、担ぎ手と観客がお祭りならでは焼きそばや豚汁、綿菓子などの食事でお腹を満たし、活気に満ちた和太鼓の生演奏を楽しむことができる細野諏訪神社で終了します。","The spectacle ends at Hosono Suwa Shrine,  everyone can feast on typical festival fare such as yakisoba (stir-fried noodles), butajiru (miso soup with pork and vegetables), and cotton candy— and enjoy lively taiko drumming performances. "]
[1703,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","芸能・興行・イベント","太鼓","たいこ","taiko","この壮観な行列は、担ぎ手と観客がお祭りならでは焼きそばや豚汁、綿菓子などの食事でお腹を満たし、活気に満ちた和太鼓の生演奏を楽しむことができる細野諏訪神社で終了します。","The spectacle ends at Hosono Suwa Shrine,  everyone can feast on typical festival fare such as yakisoba (stir-fried noodles), butajiru (miso soup with pork and vegetables), and cotton candy— and enjoy lively taiko drumming performances. "]
[1704,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","建造物等","民宿","みんしゅく","minshuku","家族経営の典型的な日本式ゲストハウスは、民宿として知られており、低予算で伝統的なおもてなしを体験するのには格好の方法です。","Typical Japanese-style guest houses run by families, known as minshuku, are a great way to experience traditional hospitality without breaking the bank."]
[1705,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（白馬八方尾根）","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","ryokan","登山家たちは夜は旅館（一般的な日本の宿）ではなく、ガイドの家に泊まることもできるようになりました。","To accommodate the adventurers, a number of guides offered visitors the opportunity to spend the night at their own houses, instead of staying at a ryokan (typical Japanese inn)."]
[1706,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","食","野沢菜","のざわな"," locally grown leaf vegetable ","この禅宗の曹洞宗の古いお寺は、4世紀以上前に山腹に建てられ、地元で栽培される葉野菜の野沢菜の発祥の地と言われています。"," This ancient temple of the Soto School of Zen Buddhism, founded more than four centuries ago, is said to be the place of origin of the locally grown leaf vegetable Nozawana. "]
[1707,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","温泉","源泉掛け流し","げんせんかけながし","a hot spring whose water flows endlessly from its original source","源泉から湧出した温泉水が常時流れ込む、源泉掛け流しの露天風呂がある野沢温泉スパリーナは、野沢温泉村のミネラル豊富な温泉で、友人や家族、パートナーと一緒にくつろぐことができます。","Boasting an outdoor facility with a gensen kakenagashi—a hot spring whose water flows endlessly from its original source—the spa complex of Sparena Nozawa Onsen is a place to unwind with your friends, family or partner in the town’s mineral-rich, hot spring water. "]
[1708,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","温泉","浴衣","ゆかた","light cotton kimono","この絵のように美しい、郷愁を誘う町で、浴衣（薄手の綿の着物）を着て、小さな用水路のある狭い路地をそぞろ歩きながら、落ち着いた温泉めぐりの体験を楽しんでください。","To give your onsen-hopping even more of a local flavor, wander around this picturesque, nostalgic town dressed in a yukata (light cotton kimono), and explore the many narrow lanes with their tiny canals. "]
[1709,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","食","寺種","てらだね","plant's original seeds teradane, which have not been changed or modified for the past two centuries and still exist in their pure state","この寺の境内には今でも野沢菜畑が残っており、代々伝えられた貴重な宝である「寺種」をご購入いただけます。","Within the temple grounds there are still Nozawana fields left, and teradane (plant's original seeds teradane, which have not been changed or modified for the past two centuries and still exist in their pure state) can be purchased as well."]
[1710,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","芸能・興行・イベント","三夜行","さんやこう","men residing in Nozawa Onsen aged between 40 and 42","野沢温泉に暮らす40歳～42歳の男性のみで構成される執行部はまとめて「三夜行」と呼ばれているが、彼らが全ての準備を取り仕切っており、また「猿田彦（日本神話に登場する神）の舞」や「獅子舞」、「三十六歌仙（すぐれた歌人）舞」などの神事踊りは舞楽、雅楽、舞踊の保存に取り組む湯澤神社舞楽保存会によって行われる。","While a committee—which consists only of men residing in Nozawa Onsen aged between 40 and 42—collectively called sanyako—takes charge of all the preparations, the spiritual dances, such as the Sarutahiko (Shinto god) Dance, the Lion Dance and the Dance of the thirty-six kasen (great poets), are conducted by an association of Yuzawa Shrine, which handles the preservation of bugaku, imperial court music and dance."]
[1711,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","芸能・興行・イベント","舞楽","ぶがく","imperial court music and dance","野沢温泉に暮らす40歳～42歳の男性のみで構成される執行部はまとめて「三夜行」と呼ばれているが、彼らが全ての準備を取り仕切っており、また「猿田彦（日本神話に登場する神）の舞」や「獅子舞」、「三十六歌仙（すぐれた歌人）舞」などの神事踊りは舞楽、雅楽、舞踊の保存に取り組む湯澤神社舞楽保存会によって行われる。","While a committee—which consists only of men residing in Nozawa Onsen aged between 40 and 42—collectively called sanyako—takes charge of all the preparations, the spiritual dances, such as the Sarutahiko (Shinto god) Dance, the Lion Dance and the Dance of the thirty-six kasen (great poets), are conducted by an association of Yuzawa Shrine, which handles the preservation of bugaku, imperial court music and dance."]
[1712,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お神輿","おみこし","portable shrines","翌日の9月9日は、朝から子供たちがお神輿をかついで町中を練り歩く姿が見られる。","The following day, September 9th, features a morning children’s parade before a large float of omikoshi (portable shrines) makes it way through town."]
[1713,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","道祖神","どうそじん","guardian deity in Shinto","道祖神は旅人や街を厄災から守ってくれる神道の守り神で、通常道端や村境、山道などにあります。","Dosojin is a guardian deity in Shinto, and usually to be found near roads, village boundaries, and mountain passes, protecting travelers and towns from harm.","※解釈には諸説あり、上記は一般説。野沢温泉ではthe deity of fertility, happy marriages, and healthy children.　(子宝、幸せな結婚、子供の健康などをもたらしてくれる神様)と解釈している。\n\nここの道祖神は、同じ大きさの一対の円筒形の木彫りの人形で、手で彩色されており、夫婦に見えます。そして子宝、幸せな結婚、子供の健康などをもたらしてくれる神様として祀られているのです。\nIt comes in pairs, hand-carved from two matching cylindrical pieces of wood, and painted to resemble a married couple; local custom celebrates them as the deity of fertility, happy marriages, and healthy children. "]
[1714,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","社殿","しゃでん","large wooden shrine","これら二つの「厄年」のグループが、この祭の取りまとめる中心となり、祭当日の２日前の１月13日に社殿（大きな木造の祭壇）を作る為の五本の神聖なブナの木を選びます。","These two “unlucky” age groups play an essential role as organizers for this event, selecting the five sacred beech trees from which the festival’s shaden—a large wooden shrine—is built on January 13th, two days before the main event. "]
[1715,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","食","温泉饅頭","おんせんまんじゅう","buns filled with red bean paste","温泉饅頭（小豆餡入り饅頭）、野沢菜コロッケ、笹寿司（笹の葉の上に広げられた寿司）、ヘルシーなスムージーなど、グルメ特産品を売る屋台や露店もあります。","A handful of food stalls provide culinary specialties, including onsen manju (buns filled with red bean paste), Nozawana croquettes, sasa zushi (sushi spread out on a bamboo leaf), and healthy smoothies. "]
[1716,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","食","笹寿司","ささずし","sushi spread out on a bamboo leaf","温泉饅頭（小豆餡入り饅頭）、野沢菜コロッケ、笹寿司（笹の葉の上に広げられた寿司）、ヘルシーなスムージーなど、グルメ特産品を売る屋台や露店もあります。","A handful of food stalls provide culinary specialties, including onsen manju (buns filled with red bean paste), Nozawana croquettes, sasa zushi (sushi spread out on a bamboo leaf), and healthy smoothies. "]
[1717,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","人物・人名・役職名","観音","かんのん","Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of compassion","眺めは百体観音の石仏が並んだ、狭く曲がりくねった道を約25分登ったところで楽しめます。観音とは「 Avalokiteśvara」つまり観音菩薩のことを指しており、地元の人々はこれらの百観音像を用いて先祖の供養や人々の安全祈願を行います。","The outlook is a 25-minute walk up a narrow, winding path lined with 100 Kannon monuments. Kannon is Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of compassion, and these 100 Kannon statues are used by the locals in ceremonies to pray for their ancestors and for people’s safety."]
[1718,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","温泉","あつ湯","あつゆ"," onsen temperature between 44 and 45 degrees Celsius ","他の外湯と比べて、この現代的な温泉施設はより広々としています。男湯、女湯のそれぞれに、露天風呂が1つ、そして熱湯（摂氏44度から45度）とぬる湯（摂氏42度から43度）から成る温度の異なる2つの内湯があります。","Compared to the other Soto Yu, this modern hot spring facility (it was built in 2011) is more spacious, including one outdoor bath and two indoor baths with different temperatures—an atsuyu (between 44 and 45 degrees Celsius) and a nuruyu (between 42 and 43 degrees Celsius)—for each gender. "]
[1719,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","温泉","ぬる湯","ぬるゆ","onsen temperature between 42 and 43 degrees Celsius","他の外湯と比べて、この現代的な温泉施設はより広々としています。男湯、女湯のそれぞれに、露天風呂が1つ、そして熱湯（摂氏44度から45度）とぬる湯（摂氏42度から43度）から成る温度の異なる2つの内湯があります。","Compared to the other Soto Yu, this modern hot spring facility (it was built in 2011) is more spacious, including one outdoor bath and two indoor baths with different temperatures—an atsuyu (between 44 and 45 degrees Celsius) and a nuruyu (between 42 and 43 degrees Celsius)—for each gender. "]
[1720,"長野県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（野沢）","その他","おすすめコース","おすすめこーす"," chef’s recommendation course","おすすめコースを注文し、野沢温泉のノスタルジックな魅力と日本の大都市のモダンな雰囲気が融合された料理を堪能しましょう。","Order an osusume (chef’s recommendation) course, and savor Nozawa Onsen’s nostalgic charm fused with the modern vibes of urban Japan. "]
[1721,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","鵜匠","うしょう","cormorant master","鵜匠は毎朝６時～７時に起床する。","A cormorant master rises each morning between 6:00 and 7:00 a.m."]
[1722,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","篝棒","かがりぼう","kagaribō","彼らは舟首近くの所定の位置に篝棒（水の上に金属製の火の籠を保持する長い木製のポール）を取り付ける。","They set the kagaribō—the long wooden pole that holds the metal fire basket over the water—in its place by the prow."]
[1723,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","総がらみ","そうがらみ","sōgarami","そこで、舟は総がらみと呼ばれる夜のクライマックスのため、再編成される","There, they regroup for the climax of the evening, called the sōgarami."]
[1724,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","首結い","くびゆい","cord that constricts the cormorant’s throat","鵜が鮎を飲み込んでしまわないようにのどを締めつける紐（首結い）の締め具合を調節する際は、それぞれの鵜の特性に配慮する必要がある。きつ過ぎると鳥を傷つける恐れがあるし、緩すぎると鳥は捕った鮎を食べてしまう。","Individual care is needed when controlling the tightness of the cord that constricts the cormorant’s throat (kubiyui) to prevent it from swallowing large ayu (sweetfish): too tight, and the bird may be injured; too loose, and the bird will gobble down its catch. "]
[1725,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","動物","鮎","あゆ","sweetfish\nor\nayu\n (Plecoglossus altivelis) ","鵜が鮎を飲み込んでしまわないようにのどを締めつける紐（首結い）の締め具合を調節する際は、それぞれの鵜の特性に配慮する必要がある。きつ過ぎると鳥を傷つける恐れがあるし、緩すぎると鳥は捕った鮎を食べてしまう。","Individual care is needed when controlling the tightness of the cord that constricts the cormorant’s throat (kubiyui) to prevent it from swallowing large ayu (sweetfish): too tight, and the bird may be injured; too loose, and the bird will gobble down its catch. "]
[1726,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","かたらい","かたらい","katarai","鵜匠は、かたらいと呼ばれる鵜をペアにする手法を用いて、新鳥が飼育下の生活に適応する手助けをする。","Cormorant masters use a pairing process called katarai to help new birds adjust to captivity. "]
[1727,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","中秋の名月","ちゅうしゅうのめいげつ","harvest moon","旧来の太陰暦では、鵜飼休みは８月１５日と決められていたが、現在は、中秋の名月（秋分に最も近い時期の満月）に合わせて日付が変わる。","Under the traditional lunar calendar, it was celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth month, but now the date varies to coincide with the harvest moon (the full moon closest to the autumn equinox). "]
[1728,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","腰蓑","こしもの","straw skirts","燃料を確保するため、何百という松の丸太を割らなくてはならない。そして、新しい藁のスカート（腰蓑）と藁の草履（足半）を手で織らなければならない。","Hundreds of pine logs must be split for fuel, and new straw skirts (koshimino) and straw sandals (ashinaka) must be woven by hand. "]
[1729,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","風折烏帽子","かざおりえぼし","kazaori eboshi","この、風折烏帽子と呼ばれる頭巾は、舟首に掛かっている燃える籠の炎や火の粉から鵜匠の頭を保護する。","This headcloth, called a kazaori eboshi, protects a cormorant master’s head from the flames and sparks of the fire basket that hangs from his boat’s prow. "]
[1730,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","漁服","りょうふく","ryōfuku","鵜匠が重ね着の一番下に着ているのは、漁服（袖が細く裏地が無い着物とでも言うべき綿の服）である。","The first layer of a cormorant master’s attire is the ryōfuku, a cotton jacket similar to a narrow-sleeved, unlined kimono. "]
[1731,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","乗物","鵜舟","うぶね","cormorant boat","鵜舟は千鳥橋から漕ぎ出す。","The cormorant boats set out from Chidori Bridge. "]
[1732,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","鵜飼","うかい","cormorant fishing","地域の鵜飼とこれに関わる流通機構は１６１９年以降、尾張藩が監督していたが、廃藩置県を以て中止されることとなる。","Both local cormorant fishing and its related distribution system, overseen by the Owari since 1619, come to a halt."]
[1733,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","篝火","かがりび","kagaribi","篝火と呼ばれるこの火は、鵜に照明を提供すると同時に、鮎を水面におびき寄せる。","These fires, called kagaribi, provide light for the cormorants and lure ayu to the surface of the water. "]
[1734,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","食","鮎の姿鮨","あゆのすがたずし","ayu no sugatazushi","また、食事では、伝統的な鮎鮨や、新たな名物である鮎の姿鮨（鮎で巻かれた鮨）など、鮎の名物料理が出されることもある。","Other meals may instead include ayu specialties such as traditional ayuzushi and modern ayu no sugatazushi, or “ayu-dressed sushi.” "]
[1735,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","海岸・岬","舟釘","ふなくぎ","funakugi","乾燥させた後、板は舟釘と呼ばれる大きな鉄の釘で連結される。","Once seasoned, they are joined with large iron nails called funakugi."]
[1736,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","鳥黐","とりもち","birdlime","鳥黐と呼ばれるこの物質は、鳥の羽と体にくっつき、その鳥が飛んで逃げるのを阻止するものだった。","This substance, called birdlime (torimochi), stuck to the bird’s feathers and body, preventing it from flying away. "]
[1737,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","ハシガケ","はしがけ","small wooden boards ","鵜を新たな生活の地に送る時間になると、罠師は噛みつきを防止するための小さい木の板（ハシガケ）を鵜のくちばしに結び、手織りの藁籠に入れる。","When it is time to ship the cormorants to their new homes, the trappers tie small wooden boards (hashigake) to their beaks to prevent them from biting and put the birds into handwoven straw baskets. "]
[1738,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","動物","ウミウ","うみう","Japanese cormorant","ウミウは平均で全長８５センチ（頭から尾まで）である。","The Japanese cormorant averages 85 centimeters in length (head to tail). "]
[1739,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","動物","チシマウガラス","ちしまうがらす"," red-faced cormorant","チシマウガラスはウミウより小さく、平均で全長７５センチである。","The red-faced cormorant is smaller than the Japanese cormorant, averaging 75 centimeters in length."]
[1740,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","動物","ヒメウ","ひめう","pelagic cormorant","ヒメウは平均で全長およそ７３センチの、日本原産の鵜の中で最小の種である。","The pelagic cormorant is roughly 73 centimeters in length on average, the smallest cormorant species native to Japan."]
[1741,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","動物","カワウ","かわう","great cormorant","カワウはウミウとほぼ同じ大きさで、その全長はおよそ８２センチに達する。","The great cormorant is nearly as large as the Japanese cormorant, reaching around 82 centimeters in length. "]
[1742,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","乗物","舟首","せんしゅ\n（みよし・へさき）","prow","この展示の隣りには、鵜舟の舟首のレプリカを備えたインタラクティブな展示物が置かれている。","Next to this exhibit is an interactive display featuring a replica of the prow of a cormorant-fishing boat. "]
[1743,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","乗物","竿","さお","long poles","伝統的な木製の舟が長良川沿いを進んで行く。船首と船尾に乗る船員が竿を使い、舟を操っている。","These traditional wooden boats are propelled along the Nagara River with long poles (sao) held by boatmen at the prow and stern. "]
[1744,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","乗物","櫂\nオール","かい\nおーる","long oars","船員は、風、川の流れ、水深の変化に対処するため、竿と長い櫂（オール）のみを使っていつでも瞬時に航路を変えられなければならない。","The boatmen must contend with changing winds, currents, and river depth and be ready to alter course in an instant using nothing but their poles and long oars (kai). "]
[1745,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","手縄","たなわ","lead","舟首のところでは、鵜匠が手縄を持って立っているのがわかる。鳥が素早く動いたり水に潜ったりすることで、縄がもつれている。","Cormorant masters (ushō) are depicted standing at the boats’ prows while holding the birds’ leads (tanawa), which have become tangled as the birds dart and dive. "]
[1746,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","書物","俳諧","はいかい","haikai ","著名な俳諧の詩人である松尾芭蕉（１６４４～１６９４年）がこの地を訪問し、自身の体験を詩にしたことで、１６８８年以降、長良川の鵜飼の評判が広まっていった。","The fame of ukai on the Nagara River spread widely after 1688, following the visit of celebrated haikai poet Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694), who wrote a poem about his experience."]
[1747,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","動物","鷹","たか","hawk","鵜の目は鷹の目と違い、近い場所を見るのに最も適しているが、光の屈折を補正する特別なレンズを備えており、水中を見ることにも上手く順応している。","Unlike hawks, cormorants see best at close range, and their eyes are well adapted to seeing underwater, with specialized lenses that compensate for light refraction. "]
[1748,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","とも乗り","とものり","tomonori","舟の後部に乗る舵取りの責任者は、とも乗りである。","The one in the rear, responsible for steering, is the tomonori. "]
[1749,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","中乗り","なかのり","nakanori","中央の船員は中乗りである。中乗りも舟の操縦を担当するが、同時に鵜匠を補助することもある。","The boatman in the middle is the nakanori, who also steers and occasionally assists the cormorant master. "]
[1750,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","中鵜遣い","なかうづかい","nakauzukai","中鵜遣いは鵜匠を助け、２～３羽の鵜の縄の管理を任されることも少なくない。","The nakauzukai assists the cormorant master and often manages the lines of two or three cormorants."]
[1751,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","鳥屋","とや","coop","最も強い鳥は小屋鳥屋の中の一番良い場所を主張し、その場所を他の鳥から守るようになる。","The strongest birds claim the best spots within the coop (toya) and defend them against other birds. "]
[1752,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","上士","じょうし","vassals","フロイスによると、城の上部は信長の客と信頼できる上士だけが通行できたとされている。","This upper area of the castle, according to Frois, was accessible only to Nobunaga’s guests and trusted vassals. "]
[1753,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","公家の摂政","くげのせっしょう"," imperial regent","信長によって岐阜に迎え入れられたポルトガルの宣教師ルイス・フロイスと公家の摂政である山科言継によって書かれた記録によると、城はよくデザインされ、豪華な装飾が施され、見事な庭園に囲まれていました。","According to records written by Portuguese missionary Luis Frois and the imperial regent Yamashina Tokitsugu, who were welcomed to Gifu by Nobunaga, the castle was a well-designed and opulent complex, richly decorated and surrounded by gorgeous gardens. "]
[1754,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","濃尾平野","のうびへいや"," Nobi Plain— Nobunaga’s domain","山の頂上からは、濃尾平野 - 信長の領土が見えます。","From the top of the mountain, one could see the wide, sweeping Nobi Plain— Nobunaga’s domain. "]
[1755,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","茶室","ちゃしつ"," tea ceremony space","3階には茶室があり、4階からは城下と周辺地域の景色が見えました。","The third floor housed a tea ceremony space, and the fourth floor provided views of the city and surrounding areas below."]
[1756,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","中臈","ちゅうろう"," ladies-in-waiting","御手洗池周辺のこの地域は、岐阜城の諸侯の奥方の御中臈であったと考えられています。","This area around the Mitarashi Pond is believed to have been the living quarters for the ladies-in-waiting attending the wife of the lord of Gifu Castle. "]
[1757,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","石垣","いしがき","dry-stone wall construction","この石垣は岐阜城に残されている石垣の中でも最もよく保存された例です。","This stone wall is one of the best-preserved examples of dry-stone wall construction remaining at Gifu Castle. "]
[1758,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","台形 (石垣の形状の説明)","\nだいけい ","trapezoidal base","台形の形状により、地震時にも安定する作りとなっています。","The trapezoidal base allows for stability during earthquakes. "]
[1759,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","貯水槽","ちょすいそう","rain water catchments","山頂の高いところでは水の確保が困難であったため、このような雨水貯水池が岩盤をくり抜いて作られ、緊急時に使用されました。","It was difficult to secure a water supply at the higher peaks of the mountain, and so rain water catchments such as this were carved out of the rock and used in times of emergency."]
[1760,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","大名","だいみょう"," feudal lord","1569年にポルトガルの宣教師ルイス・フロイスによって書かれたものを含む記録によれば、およそ100人の青年、様々な大名と貴族の息子は、表面上は人質として、信長に厚くもてなされていたと考えられています。","According to records, including those written by the Portuguese missionary Luis Frois in 1569, around 100 young men, the sons of various warlords and nobility, were believed to be kept as well-treated guests, ostensibly hostages, by the powerful feudal lord Oda Nobunaga"]
[1761,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","天守閣、櫓","てんしゅかく、やぐら"," the upper sections","この岐阜城の地図は歴史的に重要で、岐阜城の天守閣や櫓を示すだけではありません。","This map of Gifu Castle is historically important in that it not only shows the upper sections and fortifications of Gifu Castle"]
[1762,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","下台所","しもだいどころ","Shimo-daidokoro","門の向こうには下台所がありました。","Beyond the gate was the Shimo-daidokoro"]
[1763,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","堀切","ほりきり","horikiri","より古い山城の特徴である堀切は、侵入を妨げるために攻撃時に崩壊する可能性がある木の橋によってつながれた尾根の道に沿って、破壊的な要素として計画されました。","A regular feature of older mountain-type castles, the horikiri were planned as disruptive elements along ridge-top paths, linked by wooden bridges that could be collapsed in times of attack to hinder the progress of invaders."]
[1764,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","～と考えられている","～とかんがえられている","It is thought that","家臣や招待された客は騎乗しながら一の門を通過することが許され、ここで彼らの馬を置き、城の上部へ歩いて行くことになったと考えられています。","It is thought that high-ranking vassals and invited guests were permitted to pass through the Ichi-no-Mon (First Gate) while mounted, but would leave their horses here and proceed on foot to the castle’s upper enclosures."]
[1765,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","門","もん","defensive wooden gates","一ノ門は、城の上部に通じる道に沿った多くの大きな防御的な木造の最初の門であると推測されています。","The Ichi-no-Mon is presumed to be the first of many large defensive wooden gates along the paths leading to the castle’s upper enclosures. "]
[1766,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","太鼓櫓","たいこやぐら"," a drum tower","当時、すべての城には、時間や門の開閉、襲撃などを城全体に知らせるために使用される太鼓の塔である太鼓矢倉がありました。","Every castle had a drum tower, used for time keeping, conveying orders such as the opening and closing of gates, and to warn the entire castle in times of attack. "]
[1767,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等","金箔飾り瓦","きんぱくかざりかわら","roof tiles covered in gold leaf","金箔で覆われた屋根瓦の遺跡も発見されましたが、このことは岐阜城が最初の装飾的な金瓦を特徴としていることを示しています。","The remains of roof tiles covered in gold leaf were also discovered, pointing to Gifu Castle being the first to feature decorative gold tiles."]
[1768,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","公家の藤原氏","こうはくのふじわらし","noble Fujiwara clan","二階堂行政は、公家の藤原一族の子孫であり、平安時代後期（794年 -  1185年）から鎌倉初期（1185年 -  1333年）にかけて活動していました。","Descended from the noble Fujiwara clan, Nikaido Yukimasa was active in the late Heian (794–1185) to early Kamakura (1185–1333) periods. "]
[1769,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","守護","しゅご","deputy military governors","長井家は守護代斉藤家の補佐をつとめる家臣でしたが、斉藤家が度重なる政治的混乱に苦しんでいたことを察知していました。","The Nagai clan were retainers of the deputy military governors, the Saito clan, but they came to prominence as the Saito suffered from repeated political turmoil. "]
[1770,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","史跡","首塚","くびづか","Dosan-zuka head mound","62歳の道三の首は取られ、岐阜城の北側にある祟福寺の近くにある道三の首塚に埋葬されました。","The 62-year-old Dosan's head was taken and was interred in the Dosan-zuka head mound near the Soufuku-ji temple north of Gifu Castle. "]
[1771,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","当時の平均身長","とうじのへいきんしんちょう","(the average height at the time was 150cm–165cm). ","現在の基準でさえ、斎藤土産の息子、義龍は、身長197センチ（当時の平均身長は150センチ〜165センチ）の非常に大きな男であると言われていました。","Even by modern standards, Saito Dosan’s son, Yoshitatsu, was said to have been an exceptionally large man, standing some 197cm tall (the average height at the time was 150cm–165cm). "]
[1772,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","軍司","ぐんし","military advisor","稲葉山（岐阜）城は、日本で最も強い城の1つであると言われていましたが、かつての斎藤一族の軍司であった竹中半兵衛とわずか16名の家臣により1564年に落城しました。","Inabayama (Gifu) Castle was said to have been one of Japan’s strongest castles, yet it once fell to the Saito clan’s military advisor Takenaka Hanbei and a band of just 16 men in 1564!"]
[1773,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","社会","切腹","せっぷく","ritual suicide","信長は寺院内部の聖域に後退し、切腹しました。","Nobunaga retreated into the temple’s inner sanctum and committed ritual suicide."]
[1774,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","嫡男","ちゃくなん","eldest son","織田信長の嫡男であり、後継ぎでもあった信忠は最も有能な将軍でした。","The eldest son and heir of Oda Nobunaga, Nobutada was a most able general"]
[1775,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","社会","切腹","せっぷく","seppuku (ritual suicide)","包囲された信孝は切腹を強いられました。","Surrounded, Nobutada was forced to commit seppuku (ritual suicide). "]
[1776,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","建造物等",null,null,"the head of the Kanbe clan",null,"Oda Nobutaka was Nobunaga’s third son. As part of Nobunaga’s plan to control the important Ise region, Nobutaka was adopted by and installed as the head of the Kanbe clan, based at Kanbe Castle near Suzuka in modern-day Mie Prefecture. "]
[1777,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","家来","けらい"," retainer","池田元助は、幼少期から織田信長に仕えた家来で、信長の数々の合戦で功績を残した、卓越した武士でした。","A retainer serving Oda Nobunaga from childhood, Ikeda Motosuke was a skilled warrior who saw action in a number of Nobunaga’s battles."]
[1778,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","西国の将軍","さいごくのしょうぐん","“The Shogun of the West.”","1613年の亡くなる頃までには、彼の力と影響力は、池田輝正が西国の将軍、または「西の将軍」と呼ばれるようになりました。","By the time of his death in 1613, his power and influence was such that Ikeda Terumasa was nicknamed Saigoku no Shogun, or “The Shogun of the West.”"]
[1779,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","社会","文禄・慶長の役","ぶんろく・けいちょうのえき","Korean Campaign","秀吉、秀勝、そして岐阜城の武士たちは、朝鮮半島を征服する文禄・慶長の役へ出発しました。","Hideyoshi, Hidekatsu and the samurai of Gifu Castle set off as part of the ill-fated Korean Campaign to subjugate the Korean Peninsula. "]
[1780,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","出家","しゅっけ"," became a priest","秀信は出家しましたが、約5年後に亡くなりました。","Hidenobu renounced the world and became a priest, but died almost five years later."]
[1781,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","社会","戦国時代","せんごくじだい","Sengoku, or Warring States period","このことは、織田信長が岐阜（16世紀後半）を統治していた戦国時代にまで遡ります。","This particular well dates back to the Sengoku, or Warring States period, when Oda Nobunaga ruled from Gifu (late 16th century). "]
[1782,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","人物・人名・役職名","将軍","しょうぐん","the hereditary grand generalissimos","このスローガンの下、信長は足利家の200年の統治を経て弱体化し腐敗した最後の将軍を排除しようとしました。","Under this slogan, Nobunaga would eliminate the last of the Ashikaga Shogunate, the hereditary grand generalissimos who had become weak and corrupt over their 200-year rule"]
[1783,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","組織・団体","自由党","じゆうとう"," Japan’s Liberal Party (Jiyuto)","日本の自由党（Jiyuto）の創設者であり元武士の板垣退助の暗殺の試みがなされました。","An assassination attempt was made on the life of Japan’s Liberal Party (Jiyuto) founder and former samurai, Itagaki Taisuke, near here on October 18, 1881. April 6, 1882."]
[1784,"岐阜県","ビジットGIFU協議会","その他","10両","10りょう","10 pieces of gold","千代は彼女の家族から10両の金を受け取りました。","Chiyo received 10 pieces of gold from her family, which she kept secret"]
[1785,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","温泉","温泉","おんせん","onsen","集九が挙げたトップ3の温泉には、有馬と草津と一緒に湯島が入っていました。羅山がこの一覧を是認したおかげで、下呂は有名になりました。","The top three hot springs (onsen) listed by Shuku featured Yushima alongside Arima and Kusatsu; Razan’s affirmation of that list helped Gero gain renown."]
[1786,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","史跡","高札","こうさつ","Kosatsu","高札場は、江戸時代（1603年–1868年）交差点や港、橋の近くの場所など、都市や町の人の往来が多い場所に掲示された公式な通知のことです。旅行者は、都市や町に入る時に、これらの掲示板を確認していました。","Kosatsu were official notice boards displayed in heavily trafficked parts of cities and towns, such as intersections, ports, and areas near bridges, during the Edo period (1603–1868)."]
[1787,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","史跡","高札場","こうさつば","kosatsuba","2009年に、江戸時代の高札場の忠実なレプリカが下呂温泉街の、高札が掲げられていた場所に立てられ、文章を手書きする掲示板が備え付けられました。","In 2009, an authentic replica of an Edo-period kosatsuba—the place where kosatsu were displayed—was erected in Gero’s hot spring district, complete with notice boards on which the text has been hand painted."]
[1788,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","ryokan","多くの観光客が、街中に点在する無料の足湯を試したり、伝統的な旅館に宿泊して、岐阜の料理を楽しんだりすることを目当てに、下呂にやって来ます。","Many visitors come to Gero to try the free foot baths dotted around town or to stay in a traditional ryokan inn and enjoy the local cuisine."]
[1789,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","温泉","足湯","あしゆ","ashiyu","下呂温泉街のあちこちに9つの足湯が点在しており、このうちの7つは無料で利用でき、一般に開放されています。4つのお湯は24時間、訪れる人々に開放されています。","There are nine foot baths (ashiyu) scattered around Gero’s hot spring district, seven of which are free to use and open to the public."]
[1790,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","温泉","手湯","てゆ","teyu","下呂には手湯もあります。","Gero also has hand baths (teyu)."]
[1791,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","温泉","湯めぐり手形","ゆめぐりてがた","yu-meguri tegata","どこかの旅館に宿泊しない観光客でも、旅館の浴場を有料で利用することができ、一方、頻繁に風呂に入る人なら、1日に最大3つの温泉に入ることができるパス（湯めぐり手形）を購入することができます。","Visitors who are not staying at one of the inns can use the ryokan baths for a fee, while frequent bathers can purchase a pass (yu-meguri tegata) that allows entrance to as many as three hot springs in one day."]
[1792,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","温泉","浴衣","ゆかた","yukata","日中、観光客は、時に伝統的なローブ（浴衣）を着て、","During the daytime, visitors can stroll around the town, sometimes dressed in traditional robes (yukata),"]
[1793,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神輿","みこし","mikoshi","この龍神火まつりでは、5体の巨大な龍の人形、たくさんの松明、及び椀の形をした移動式神社（神輿）を用いて、この伝説が再現されます。","The festival reenacts the legend with five huge dragon puppets, plenty of fire, and a bowl-shaped portable shrine (mikoshi)."]
[1794,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","植物","檜","ひのき","hinoki","地元の特産品には、新鮮な檜材から作られた製品や朴葉味噌などがあります。朴葉味噌は、ホオノキ（Magnolia obovata）の葉で食材を包んだ名物料理です。","Local specialties include items made from fresh hinoki cypress wood, and hoba miso, a culinary delicacy wrapped in leaves of the bigleaf magnolia tree (Magnolia obovata)."]
[1795,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","食","朴葉味噌","ほばみそ","hoba miso","地元の特産品には、新鮮な檜材から作られた製品や朴葉味噌などがあります。朴葉味噌は、ホオノキ（Magnolia obovata）の葉で食材を包んだ名物料理です。","Local specialties include items made from fresh hinoki cypress wood, and hoba miso, a culinary delicacy wrapped in leaves of the bigleaf magnolia tree (Magnolia obovata)."]
[1796,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","建造物等","合掌造り","がっしょうづくり","gassho-zukuri","合掌造りとは、「合掌している両手のような構造」という意味です。家屋の屋根の骨組みの丸太がなす急な三角形が合掌している両手のように見えることからこの名がつけられました。","Gassho-zukuri means “praying-hands construction”—the steep triangular shape created by the logs forming a frame for the houses’ roofs was thought to resemble two hands pressed together in prayer."]
[1797,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","建造物等","合掌","がっしょう","gassho","合掌造りは「合掌している両手」を意味します。屋根の形が合掌している両手に見えることから、このように呼ばれています。","Gassho means “praying hands,” as the shape of the roofs was thought to resemble two hands pressed together in prayer."]
[1798,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","植物","芒","すすき","susuki","屋根は乾燥させた芒（ススキ）でふかれています。","The roofs are thatched with dried miscanthus grass (susuki)."]
[1799,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","建造物等","囲炉裏","いろり","irori","どの家屋にも囲炉裏があり、常に火がたかれています。","Every house has an irori floor hearth where a fire is constantly burning."]
[1800,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","植物","ソネ","そね","neso","1963年に白川郷から現在の場所に移築されたこの家屋は、釘を使わずにマンサク（ネソ）と縄で建てられています。","Transferred to its current location from the village of Shirakawa in 1963, the house was constructed using Japanese witch hazel (neso) and rope rather than nails."]
[1801,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","建造物等","妻入","つまいり","tsumairi","五箇山は、妻入様式の民家建築が特徴です。妻入とは、旧岩崎家住宅に見られるように、出入り口が切妻方向にある民家を指します。","Gokayama is noted for the tsumairi style of house building, in which the entrance is on the gable end, as seen on the Iwasaki House."]
[1802,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","建造物等","平入","ひらいり","hirairi","これは、民家の長辺の方に出入り口がある平入とは異なり、より一般的なのは平入の方です。","This differs from the more common hirairi style, in which the entrance is on the long side of the house."]
[1803,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","工芸・美術品","土雛","つちびな","tsuchibina","また民俗資料館には、土雛という土人形も展示されています。土雛は、下呂やその周辺の地域では、毎年春に祝われるひな祭り（少女のお祭り）と関連しています。","The Folk Museum also displays tsuchibina clay dolls, which in Gero and the surrounding region are associated with the annual Hinamatsuri (Girls’ Festival), celebrated in spring."]
[1804,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","年中行事","ひな祭り","ひなまつり","Hinamatsuri","また民俗資料館には、土雛という土人形も展示されています。土雛は、下呂やその周辺の地域では、毎年春に祝われるひな祭り（少女のお祭り）と関連しています。","The Folk Museum also displays tsuchibina clay dolls, which in Gero and the surrounding region are associated with the annual Hinamatsuri (Girls’ Festival), celebrated in spring."]
[1805,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","食","鶏ちゃん","けいちゃん","Keichan","市倉は串に刺して炭火でじっくり焼いたアユなどの淡水魚を専門としますが、野菜といっしょに焼いたタレ漬けの鶏肉（鶏ちゃん）や、笹の葉で包んだ寿司（笹寿司）などの地元の名物も出します。","Ichikura specializes in freshwater fish, such as ayu (sweetfish) skewered and slowly grilled over charcoal, and also serves local specialties such as marinated chicken grilled with vegetables (keichan) and sushi wrapped in dwarf bamboo (sasazushi)."]
[1806,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","食","笹寿司","ささずし","sasazushi","市倉は串に刺して炭火でじっくり焼いたアユなどの淡水魚を専門としますが、野菜といっしょに焼いたタレ漬けの鶏肉（鶏ちゃん）や、笹の葉で包んだ寿司（笹寿司）などの地元の名物も出します。","Ichikura specializes in freshwater fish, such as ayu (sweetfish) skewered and slowly grilled over charcoal, and also serves local specialties such as marinated chicken grilled with vegetables (keichan) and sushi wrapped in dwarf bamboo (sasazushi)."]
[1807,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","食","五平餅","ごへいもち","goehi mochi","叩いて潰されたごはんの表面に甘い味噌のペーストを塗ったボリュームのある料理で、デザートとして食べられることもある五平餅など、この地域の軽食も提供します。","It also offers regional snacks, such as gohei mochi, a hearty dish made from pounded rice and covered in sweet miso paste that can double as a dessert."]
[1808,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","食","あんみつ","あんみつ","anmitsu","主に飲み物と、あんみつ（キューブ状のゼリー、甘い小豆ペースト、およびフルーツに、黒蜜のシロップをかけたもの）などのデザートを出します。","It serves mainly drinks and desserts such as anmitsu (jelly cubes, sweet azuki bean paste, and fruit topped with black kuromitsu syrup)."]
[1809,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","その他","心","こころ","kokoro","「ハート」や「スピリッツ」を意味する漢字の「心」のような形をした池からは、泡立つ水の音が聞こえてきます。","Bubbling water can be heard from a pond shaped like the kanji character for kokoro (心), meaning “heart” or “spirit.”"]
[1810,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","動物","蛙","かえる","kaeru","加恵瑠はカエルを意味します。「下呂」とカエルの鳴き声が日本語で同じ音のため、下呂の人々がカエルを町の非公式マスコットとして採用したのは自然なことでした。","Kaeru means frog, and since “gero” is the sound of a frog croaking in Japanese, the people of Gero made the obvious choice to adopt the frog as the town’s unofficial mascot."]
[1811,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","その他","ゲロ","げろ","gero","加恵瑠はカエルを意味します。「下呂」とカエルの鳴き声が日本語で同じ音のため、下呂の人々がカエルを町の非公式マスコットとして採用したのは自然なことでした。","Kaeru means frog, and since “gero” is the sound of a frog croaking in Japanese, the people of Gero made the obvious choice to adopt the frog as the town’s unofficial mascot."]
[1812,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","植物","杉","すぎ","sugi","この神社の境内は杉の木などの緑の草木で覆われています。","The shrine grounds are covered in greenery, including sugi (cryptomeria) trees."]
[1813,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","花笠","はながさ","hanagasa","このお祭りは春の訪れを祝うもので、地元の住人たちにとって重要な行事です。特に、色とりどりの花笠（花で覆われた大きな円錐形の帽子）","The festival celebrates the coming of spring and is an important event for local residents, especially young people, who participate by wearing colorful hanagasa (large conical hats covered in flowers)"]
[1814,"岐阜県","下呂市観光客特別誘致対策協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","田楽","でんがく","dengaku","田楽として知られる中世から続く祭事で伝統的な舞を披露する若者たちにとっては晴れ舞台です。","performing a traditional dance in a celebration known as dengaku, which dates to the Middle Ages."]
[1815,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","犬山城","いぬやまじょう","Inuyama Jo","犬山城は1537年、地域の武将が領土をめぐって絶えず軍事紛争を繰り広げていた時期に織田信康（織田信長の叔父）により築城されました。","Inuyama Castle was built in 1537 by Oda Nobuyasu, uncle of Oda Nobunaga, when there was constant fighting throughout the country as regional warlords fought over territory during the Warring States period."]
[1816,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","天守","てんしゅ","tenshu","犬山城の天守には、石と木が使用され、泥と白い石膏の層を追加し、火から守られています。","Inuyama Castle was constructed of stone and wood with layers of mud and white plaster added to guard against fire."]
[1817,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","望楼","ぼうろう","boro","望楼は、城下町の格子状のデザインや要塞を保護するために使用される地形など、周辺地域の壮観な360度の景色をご覧いただけます。","The watchtower provides a spectacular 360-degree view of the surrounding area, including the grid-like design of the castle town and the topography that protected the fortress."]
[1818,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","建造物等","野面積","のずらづみ","nozurazumi","労働者は、隙間をふさぐためにしっくいを使用せずに、自然な野原の石をランダムに積み上げました（野面積）。","The castle is supported by a five-meter-high stone base that was constructed by the nozurazumi technique for building dry stone walls."]
[1819,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","武者走り","むしゃばしり","mushabashiri","武者走りとして知られる回廊が部屋を囲み、城が攻撃を受けた場合に軍隊が集まるのに十分な広さです。","Surrounding these rooms is a wide corridor known as a mushabashiri (literally “warrior run”) which is wide enough for warriors to assemble and move around the castle should it come under attack. "]
[1820,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","石落とし","いしおとし","ishiotoshi","北西と北東の角には、石落としの間があり、そこから防御者は、急な城壁から侵入しようとする者に対して突然の攻撃を仕掛けることができます。","Another defensive feature of the first floor is the “stone-drop” (ishiotoshi) chambers at the northwest and northeast corners."]
[1821,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","武具の間","ぶぐのま","bugunoma","２階は武具庫として使用されました（武具の間）。","The second floor was used as the armory (bugu no ma). "]
[1822,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","建造物等","唐破風","からはふ","karahafu","このスペースに含まれる部屋は、唐破風部屋（破風の間）として知られています。成瀬正成（1567-1625）が所有した後に造築されたと言われています。","The undulating gables (karahafu) on the north and south sides were later additions and are attributed to Naruse Masanari (1567–1625) after he took possession of the castle."]
[1823,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","建造物等","華頭窓","かとうまど","katomado","この鐘型の窓枠（華頭窓）は装飾的な特徴であり、機能する窓ではありません。","This bell-shaped window frame (katomado) is a decorative feature, and does not enclose a window."]
[1824,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","人物・人名・役職名","戦国武将","せんごくぶしょう","sengokubusho\n","織田信長（1534―1582年）、豊臣秀吉（1537-1598年）、徳川家康（1543-1616年）は日本で非常に人気がある戦国武将です。","Oda Nobunaga (1534-1582), Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537-1598), and Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543-1616) were leaders during the Warring States period (1467–1568)."]
[1825,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","武者隠し","むしゃがくし","mushagakushi","部屋の裏には秘密の防衛機能、武者隠しがあります。武士は引き戸の扉の後ろに隠れ、成瀬氏が攻撃された場合、援助に急ぐことができます。","Behind the alcove (tokonoma) in this room is an addition called a mushagakushi, literally “warrior hideout,” where samurai could conceal themselves and be ready to offer protection to their lord from visitors with malicious intentions."]
[1826,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","魔除け","まよけ","mayoke","犬山城の装飾的な特徴のいくつかは、この天守の木造の建物に常に存在する危険であった落雷や火などの災害から守るための護符（魔除け）として機能します。","Some of the decorative features of Inuyama Castle serve as talismans (mayoke) to guard against disasters such as lightning strikes and fire, which were an ever-present threat to this predominantly wooden building. "]
[1827,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","城壁","じょうへき","joheki","取り外し可能な床板には、防御者が下の堀から急な城壁を攻略しようとする侵入者を監視できる開口部があります。 ","The unexpected element is that the floorboards are removable and reveal a trapdoor that would allow defenders to observe intruders attempting to scale the steep castle wall from the moat below. "]
[1828,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","工芸・美術品","座敷からくり人形","ざしきからくりにんぎょう","zashiki karakuri ningyo","からくり展示ホールに展示されている座敷からくり人形は、ロボットの原点であり、何百年もの間人々を楽しませてきました。","The mechanical dolls (zashiki karakuri ningyo) on display in the Karakuri Exhibition Hall are early forms of robots and have been used to entertain people for hundreds of years."]
[1829,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","芸能・興行・イベント","車山からくり","やまからくり","yamakarakuri","大きなお祭り車山人形（車山からくり）は、1635年にさかのぼる犬山まつりに登場し、毎年4月の第1週末に開催されます。","The larger “festival float dolls” feature in the Inuyama Festival, which dates back to 1635 and is still held every year during the first weekend in April."]
[1830,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","建造物等","武家屋敷","ぶけやしき","bukeyashiki","後に13の地区になり、メインストリートに沿って住宅が建てられ、周囲に武家屋敷があり、城が地平線上にそびえ立っていました。","The town was later divided into 13 districts, with dwellings built along the main street surrounded by samurai residences, and the castle rising up on the horizon. "]
[1831,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","その他","ドンデン","どんでん","donden","年に一度の巡行で犬山の通りで車山を操縦するには、チームが必要です。角を方向転換することを「ドンデン」と呼ばれる。操作は肉体的な強さと巧みの両方の偉業であり、どんでん館の名前の由来となっています。","Rounding corners is a feat of both physical strength and skillful maneuvering called donden, from which the museum derives its name."]
[1832,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","つけ櫓","つけやぐら","tsukeyagura","天守の両側にある2つの砲塔（つけ櫓）は監視室としても機能します。","Inuyama Castle has two special guard rooms (tsuke yagura) on the first floor of the keep."]
[1833,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","工芸・美術品","屏風","びょうぶ","byoobu","4つの戦の場面が屏風全体に広がっており、右から左に時系列に配置されています。","The illustrations on this pair of folding screens (byobu) depict four battles fought between 1570 to 1600."]
[1834,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","工芸・美術品","鎧","よろい","yorooi","日本の武士の鎧は、金属、革、植物などの材料の混合物で作られています。","The armor worn by samurai of these times was made of a combination of materials including metal, leather, and plant fiber."]
[1835,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","白帝城","はくていじょう","hakuteijo","犬山城は、「白帝城」としても知られています。江戸時代（1603〜1867）に、中国の要塞であるBaidicheng（白帝城）に例えた日本人の儒学者によって付けられた愛称です。","Inuyama Castle is also known as “The White Emperor Castle” (Hakuteijo), a nickname given to it around the year 1700 by a Japanese Confucian scholar who likened the castle to Baidicheng, a Chinese fortress mentioned in a poem by Li Bai (below)"]
[1836,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","建造物等","むくり屋根","むくりやね","mukuriyane","建物は、アーチ型の屋根（むくり屋根）が立ち上がっているため、この城下町の通り沿いの他の建物とは一線を画しています。","The building stands out from others along this castle town street because of the bulging lines of its roof (mukuri yane)."]
[1837,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","建造物等","町家","まちや","machiya","磯部邸は、江戸時代（1603〜1867）の建築様式を反映した伝統的な商家の家（町家）です。","The Isobe Residence is a traditional merchant’s family home (machiya) with an architectural style typical of the Edo period (1603–1868) in which it was built."]
[1838,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","集落・街","城下町","じょうかまち","jokamachi","犬山市は、城下町の遺産を保存している日本で数少ない場所の一つです。","The city of Inuyama is one of the few places in Japan where the legacy of a castle town has been so well preserved."]
[1839,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","芸能・興行・イベント","犬山まつり","いぬやままつり","inuyamamatsuri","犬山まつりは、 1635年、今は犬山城の足元にある針綱神社に祀られている、日本の神道の神へ平和と保護を祈る方法として始まりました。"," The Inuyama Festival began in 1635 as a way for people to pray to the deity enshrined at Haritsuna Shrine for peace and protection. "]
[1840,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","人物・人名・役職名","桃太郎","ももたろう","moomotaro","桃太郎神社は崇拝と魔法の両方の場所であり、日本の民話桃太郎（桃太郎）のキャラクターが生き返ります。","Momotaro Shrine is a place of both worship and legend, where the characters of the Japanese Peach Boy folktale (Momotaro) come to life."]
[1841,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","湖沼","入鹿池","いるかいけ","irukaike","入鹿池（いるかいけ）は、愛知県犬山市の入鹿、飛騨木曽川の国指定公園内にある人工農業用のため池です。","Lake Iruka is an artificial agricultural reservoir located in the Hida-Kisogawa Quasi-National Park in the Iruka area of the city of Inuyama"]
[1842,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","芸能・興行・イベント","石上げ祭り","いしあげまつり","ishiage matsuri","石上げ祭りの起源は諸説あるが、約170年程前の江戸時代、天保7年（1836年）「天保の大飢饉」の翌年から盛大になったとされます。","There are a number of theories about the origin of the Ishiage festival, but it began growing into the large-scale event it is today about 170 years ago."]
[1843,"愛知県 ","愛知県　\n犬山市","人物・人名・役職名","木花開耶姫命","このはなさくやひめのみこと","konohana sakuya himeno mikoto","ある人の夢に「木花開耶姫命（このはなさくやひめのみこと）」が現れ、尾張富士が隣の本宮山より低いことをとても嘆きました。","Princess Konohana sakuya-hime then appeared to the person in a dream and lamented that Owari Fuji was not as tall as Mt. Hongu."]
[1844,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神輿","みこし","mikoshi, or portable shrines","現在の祭りは3つの部分から構成されており、移動可能な神社である神輿の行列、それに鬼の列と9組の「だんじり」が続く。 ","The current festival is made up of three parts: a procession of portable shrines called mikoshi, followed by a line of oni and nine pairs of floats."]
[1845,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","だんじり","だんじり","float, or danjiri","現在の祭りは3つの部分から構成されており、移動可能な神社である神輿の行列、それに鬼の列と9組の「だんじり」が続く。 ","The current festival is made up of three parts: a procession of portable shrines called mikoshi, followed by a line of oni and nine pairs of floats."]
[1846,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","役行者","えんのぎょうじゃ","En no Gyōja","1つ目は役行者の行列で、伊賀の領主藤堂高虎（1556-1630）が目の病から奇跡的に回復した後、祭りに含まれた。","The first is the En no Gyōja procession, which was included in the festival after the Iga lord Tōdō Takatora (1556–1630) made a miraculous recovery from a serious eye disease. "]
[1847,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","鎮西八郎為朝","ちんぜいはちろうためとも","Chinzei Hachirō Tametomo","鬼行列の第二部は、多くの物語で邪悪な鬼を退治したとして語り継がれている武士、鎮西八郎為朝（1139–1170）にちなんで名付けられた。","The second part of the oni procession is named after Chinzei Hachirō Tametomo (1139–1170), a samurai who appears in many stories as a subduer of wicked oni. "]
[1848,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","その他","しるし","しるし","shirushi float","大きな車輪の付いた木製の「だんじり」が「しるし」に続き、山車の中ではお囃子が奏でられ、それぞれ町内の住民によって曳行される。","The large, wheeled, wooden danjiri follow the shirushi and are each pulled by residents of their neighborhood as musicians play inside."]
[1849,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大御幣","おおごへい","Ōgohei","鬼行列の先頭は大御幣で、竹の幟に紙垂がついている。","At the head of the oni procession is the Ōgohei, a large bamboo staff with paper streamers. "]
[1850,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","法被","はっぴ","overcoats, or happi","各町内の参加者は、地域ごとに異なる法被を着用している。","Participants from each neighborhood also wear matching overcoats (happi) that differ from neighborhood to neighborhood."]
[1851,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","社会","元王朝","げんおうちょう","Yuan dynasty ","胴幕には、元王朝（1271〜1388）に遡る中国の教育書の「二十四孝」の場面が描かれており、親孝行を称賛している。 ","The bottom curtain features scenes from “The Twenty-four Examples of Filial Piety,” a Chinese text dating back to the Yuan dynasty (1271–1388) that glorifies filial devotion. "]
[1852,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","薙刀","なぎなた","polearm, or naginata","新町の「だんじり」は、薙刀鉾として知られている。 これは、山車の屋根から突き出た日本の薙刀に由来する。","The danjiri float of Shinmachi is known as Naginata Boko, a name derived from the Japanese polearm (naginata) coming out of the float’s roof. "]
[1853,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","見送幕","みおくりまく","side banner, or back banner","見送幕の墨で書かれた碑文によると、薙刀鉾は1783年前後に作られた。","Based on an ink inscription on a side banner, Naginata Boko was built around 1783."]
[1854,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","社会","前漢時代","ぜんかんじだい","Han dynasty ","前幕は、前漢時代（206 BCE–220 CE）の英雄、張良（紀元前251–186年）の生涯が描かれている。この中に伝説的な賢者、黄石公が失くした靴を返す場面がある。","The front curtain depicts a scene from the life of Zhang Liang (251–186 BCE), a hero of the Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE), in which he returns lost shoes to the legendary sage, Huang Shigong."]
[1855,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","胴幕","どうまく","main curtains ","胴幕には、並んだふたつの図が描かれている。","The main curtains contain two parallel illustrations. "]
[1856,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","鶯","うぐいす","Japanese bush warbler","左側には、日本鶯が松竹梅の中を飛ぶ図であり、右側には、雀がやはり松竹梅の中を飛び回る図の「松竹梅に飛雀・鶯図」である。","On the left side, a Japanese bush warbler flies among pine trees, bamboo, and plum trees; on the right, the same plants are depicted with a sparrow in flight.The pine tree, bamboo and the plum tree form a special motif in East-Asian art known in Japanese as shō-chiku-bai. "]
[1857,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","松竹梅","しょうちくばい","shō-chiku-bai","左側には、日本鶯が松竹梅の中を飛ぶ図であり、右側には、雀がやはり松竹梅の中を飛び回る図の「松竹梅に飛雀・鶯図」である。","On the left side, a Japanese bush warbler flies among pine trees, bamboo, and plum trees; on the right, the same plants are depicted with a sparrow in flight.The pine tree, bamboo and the plum tree form a special motif in East-Asian art known in Japanese as shō-chiku-bai. "]
[1858,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","社会","唐時代","とうじだい","Tang dynasty ","白居易は唐時代（618–907）中国の詩に大きな影響を与えた詩人であり知事でもあった。","An influential Chinese poet and governor during the Tang dynasty (618–907), Haku Rakuten was known for his simple, accessible writing. "]
[1859,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","菊","きく","chrysanthemums","中町の「しるし」は菊慈童と言われ1802年に作られた。装飾の中心の像は菊の花に囲まれた少年である。","Built in 1802, the Nakamachi shirushi float is named Kikujidō, or “Boy with Chrysanthemums,” a reference to the central figure in the decorations. "]
[1860,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","社会","明時代","みんじだい","Ming Dynasty ","「しるし」の見送幕は、明時代（1368–1644）の中国宮廷の官服から作られたと伝えられている。","The shirushi’s back banner is reportedly made from the fabric of courtly robes made in China during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)."]
[1861,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","葵","あおい","Japanese ginger ","後半部分の葵鉾は、屋根から突き出た立ち葵が飾られた鉾からきている。","The second part, Aoiboko, comes from the spear tipped with Japanese ginger (aoigusa) that pierces its roof. "]
[1862,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","水引幕","みずひきまく","middle curtain","様々な花が「だんじり」の内側の天井から水引幕、見送幕まで飾られ、屋根には光り輝く金箔と宝石が施されている。","A variety of flowers adorn the float from the inner ceiling to the middle curtain and the side banner, and the float’s gables sparkle with gold leaf and jewels."]
[1863,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","建造物等","金箔","きんぱく","gold leaf","様々な花が「だんじり」の内側の天井から水引幕、見送幕まで飾られ、屋根には光り輝く金箔と宝石が施されている。","A variety of flowers adorn the float from the inner ceiling to the middle curtain and the side banner, and the float’s gables sparkle with gold leaf and jewels."]
[1864,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","建造物等","破風","はふ","eaves","破風には、雲竜が複雑に彫られている。","The eaves are intricately carved with dragons and clouds."]
[1865,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","社会","晋時代","しんじだい","Jin dynasty ","胴幕には、中国東晋時代（266–420）の詩人陶淵明（365–427）が故郷に帰る様子「帰去来図」が描かれている。これは、菊を愛した陶淵明の有名な詩への言及である。","The main curtain shows Tao Yuanming (365–427), a Chinese poet of the Jin dynasty (266–420), returning to his home—a reference to a famous poem also associated with chrysanthemums."]
[1866,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","「日月扇」","じつげつせん","Jitsu-getsu-sen, or “Sun, Moon, Fan” ","向島町の「しるし」は「日月扇（じつげつせん）」で、その中心は、太陽と月で飾られた伝統的な扇である。","The shirushi float of Mukaijimachō is named Jitsu-getsu-sen, or “Sun, Moon, Fan.” Its centerpiece is a traditional fan decorated with a sun and moon."]
[1867,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","剪莽","せんぼう","long grass (senbō)","屋根の前面と背面には、探溟と剪莽という漢字の文字の扁額が掛けられており、長い草（剪莽）を切り倒しながら、暗闇の中を進む開拓者（探溟）を象徴している。","Japanese characters for the words tanmei and senbō are hung on the front and back of the roof, symbolizing a pioneer who moves through the darkness (tanmei) while cutting down the long grass (senbō)."]
[1868,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","その他","探溟","たんめい","pioneer (tanmei)","屋根の前面と背面には、探溟と剪莽という漢字の文字の扁額が掛けられており、長い草（剪莽）を切り倒しながら、暗闇の中を進む開拓者（探溟）を象徴している。","Japanese characters for the words tanmei and senbō are hung on the front and back of the roof, symbolizing a pioneer who moves through the darkness (tanmei) while cutting down the long grass (senbō)."]
[1869,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","桐","きり","paulownia tree (kiri) ","東町の「だんじり」桐本は、東町の菅原神社の敷地内にある桐の大木にちなんで命名された。 ","The Higashimachi danjiri float, Kirimoto, was named after the large paulownia tree (kiri) on the grounds of the Sugawara-jinja Shrine in Higashimachi. "]
[1870,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","蘭亭曲水の宴図","らんていきょくすいのうたげ(えん）ず","banquet in an orchid pavilion next to a winding stream","横と後部の胴幕には「蘭亭曲水の宴図」が刺繍されている。","The side and rear curtains depict a banquet in an orchid pavilion next to a winding stream. "]
[1871,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","牡丹","ぼたん","peonies","「だんじり」自体は、菊、牡丹と縁起の良い松竹梅で覆われている。","The danjiri itself is covered in images of chrysanthemums, peonies, and the auspicious triad of pine, bamboo, and plum blossoms (shō-chiku-bai). "]
[1872,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","篠笛","しのぶえ","shinobue flutes","他の「だんじり」には通常、強いリズミカルな旋律を伴うが、桐本「だんじり」の演奏者は、小さな摺鉦、太鼓、篠笛、鼓および三味線を使用して、穏やかで雅な曲を演奏する。","The other floats are typically accompanied with strong, rhythmic music, but performers on the Kirimoto danjiri use small gongs, taiko drums, shinobue flutes, hand drums, and a shamisen to play calm, elegant compositions."]
[1873,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","摺鉦","すりがね","gong","他の「だんじり」には通常、強いリズミカルな旋律を伴うが、桐本「だんじり」の演奏者は、小さな摺鉦、太鼓、篠笛、鼓および三味線を使用して、穏やかで雅な曲を演奏する。","The other floats are typically accompanied with strong, rhythmic music, but performers on the Kirimoto danjiri use small gongs, taiko drums, shinobue flutes, hand drums, and a shamisen to play calm, elegant compositions."]
[1874,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","鼓","つづみ","hand drums","他の「だんじり」には通常、強いリズミカルな旋律を伴うが、桐本「だんじり」の演奏者は、小さな摺鉦、太鼓、篠笛、鼓および三味線を使用して、穏やかで雅な曲を演奏する。","The other floats are typically accompanied with strong, rhythmic music, but performers on the Kirimoto danjiri use small gongs, taiko drums, shinobue flutes, hand drums, and a shamisen to play calm, elegant compositions."]
[1875,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","太鼓","たいこ","taiko drums","他の「だんじり」には通常、強いリズミカルな旋律を伴うが、桐本「だんじり」の演奏者は、小さな摺鉦、太鼓、篠笛、鼓および三味線を使用して、穏やかで雅な曲を演奏する。","The other floats are typically accompanied with strong, rhythmic music, but performers on the Kirimoto danjiri use small gongs, taiko drums, shinobue flutes, hand drums, and a shamisen to play calm, elegant compositions."]
[1876,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","囲碁","いご","go","水引幕には、音楽、囲碁、書道、絵画の4つの伝統芸術に秀でた賢者を表す「群賢琴棋書画図」である。","The middle curtain shows wise men practicing the four traditional arts: music, go, calligraphy, and painting. "]
[1877,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","緋羅紗","ひらしゃ","velvet","赤い緋羅紗の「しるし」は、福居町の住人であった松尾芭蕉（1644–1694）の書であると言われている。 ","The red velvet flag on the shirushi float depicts the name of the neighborhood, Fukuichō, in what is believed to be the calligraphy of Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694). "]
[1878,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","連歌","れんが","renga, or Japanese linked verse","水引幕には日本的な詩歌の環である連歌を構成する歌人の画像が刺繍されている。","The middle curtain is embroidered with images of poets composing renga, a style of Japanese linked verse. "]
[1879,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","三十六歌仙図","さんじゅうろっかせんず","kasen renga poem","「三十六歌仙図」で、三十六首の和歌が描かれている。","The poets are the Thirty-Six Immortal Poets, and their number represents a kasen renga poem, which has 36 stanzas."]
[1880,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","建造物等","欄縁錺金具","らんぶちかざりかなぐ","metal borders and fittings","「三明だんじり」の欄縁錺金具は、正確な毛彫り打ち出しの彫刻で注目に値する。 ","The metal borders and fittings of the Sanmei danjiri are noteworthy for their precise hairline engravings. "]
[1881,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四神","しじん","shijin","四隅のそれぞれに四神である、中国の伝説の方角を表す青龍、朱雀、白虎、玄武を表す飾金具が取り付けられている。","Each of the four corners illustrates a member of the shijin—the blue dragon, red bird, white tiger, and black tortoise that represent the seasons and cardinal directions in Chinese mythology."]
[1882,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","締太鼓","しめだいこ","shime-daiko","「三明だんじり」に同行するお囃子は、小さい鉦の摺り鉦、締太鼓、太鼓、竹製の竜笛などの楽器を演奏する。","Festival musicians accompanying the Sanmei danjiri play instruments such as the surigane, a small gong, the shime-daiko, a drum, and the ryūteki, a bamboo flute. "]
[1883,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","竜笛","りゅうてき","ryūteki, bamboo flute","「三明だんじり」に同行するお囃子は、小さい鉦の摺り鉦、締太鼓、太鼓、竹製の竜笛などの楽器を演奏する。","Festival musicians accompanying the Sanmei danjiri play instruments such as the surigane, a small gong, the shime-daiko, a drum, and the ryūteki, a bamboo flute. "]
[1884,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","月鉾","つきほこ","Tsuki Hoko, “moon spear” ","鍛冶町の「しるし」は三日月形の刃を持つ特大な長い武器であり、「月鉾」と呼ばれている。","The shirushi float of Kajimachi, an oversized pole arm with a blade in the shape of a crescent moon, is called Tsuki Hoko, meaning “moon spear.” "]
[1885,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","建造物等","眼象","げんしょう","genshō","「二東だんじり」の花の屋根の上には、眼の形を表した眼象（げんしょう）という構造物が載っている","Atop the floral roof of the Nitō danjiri is a genshō, an architectural feature representing an eye. "]
[1886,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","御殿鷹","ごてんたか","falcon","上部の天幕には、桐の木に鳳凰と御殿鷹の図が描かれている。","The top curtain bears illustrations of falcons and a phoenix in a paulownia tree."]
[1887,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","鳳凰","ほうおう","phoenix ","上部の天幕には、桐の木に鳳凰と御殿鷹の図が描かれている。","The top curtain bears illustrations of falcons and a phoenix in a paulownia tree."]
[1888,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","飲中八仙図","いんちゅうはっせんず","Eight Drunken Hermits","1886年までさかのぼる水引幕は、明治時代（1868〜1912年）に日本美術界で人気のあった（元は中国の）テーマである「飲中八仙図」が刺繍されている。","Dating to 1886, the middle curtain depicts the Eight Drunken Hermits, a popular (originally Chinese) theme in Japanese art during the Meiji era (1868–1912). "]
[1889,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","天幕","てんまく"," top curtain","上部の天幕には、桐の木に鳳凰と御殿鷹の図が描かれている。","The top curtain bears illustrations of falcons and a phoenix in a paulownia tree."]
[1890,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","建造物等","籬","まがき・ませ","small fence","胴幕には、籬の背後に菊畑、小枝で作られた小さな垣根が描かれている。","The curtains depict a field of chrysanthemums behind a small fence made of brushwood."]
[1891,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","孔雀","くじゃく","peacock","雲の中を飛翔する雲龍は、刻糸に孔雀の羽を混ぜて幕に刺繍され、眩しい乳白色の効果が生まれている。","An image of a dragon among the clouds is embroidered with peacock feather thread in the banner’s base fabric, creating a dazzling opalescent effect."]
[1892,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","羯鼓","かっこ","kakko drum, or drum","羯鼓は豊かな布地と装飾に包まれ、1863年に作られて以来、西町の人々に幸せをもたらすシンボルとなった。","The drum is surrounded by rich fabrics and decorations representing the happiness of Nishimachi’s residents during the shirushi’s creation in 1863."]
[1893,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","霊獣","れいじゅう","reiju","「だんじり」の天幕には、定型化された草に囲まれた多くの伝説の獣や霊獣が描かれている。","The top curtain of the danjiri shows a multitude of legendary beasts, or reiju, surrounded by stylized grasses. "]
[1894,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","簾","すだれ","screen, or sudare","これらのきらびやかな装飾は、中ほどまで降ろされた簾に囲まれている。","These glittering decorations surround a halfway-lowered screen, or sudare. "]
[1895,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","悪鬼","あっき","Akuma-oni, or the “Devil Spirit,” ","大御幣の後ろに続くのは、悪鬼（あっき）という強い鬼が役行者行列を導く。","Following the Ōgohei is the Akuma-oni, or the “Devil Spirit,” which leads the En no Gyōja procession. "]
[1896,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","狩衣","かりぎぬ","kariginu","恐ろしい表情の能面をつけ、9世紀から12世紀にかけて貴族が伝統的に身に着けていた狩衣をまとい、蛇のような体を隠している。","Wearing a Noh mask with a fearsome expression, it hides its snakelike body in a kariginu, a robe traditionally worn by nobles throughout the ninth to the twelfth centuries."]
[1897,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","八天","はってん","hatten, or minor spirits","八天は自然界に生息する小さな精霊で、行列の中で大騒ぎをする。","Hatten, or minor spirits that live in the natural world, run amok throughout the procession. "]
[1898,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ひょろつき鬼","ひょろつきおに","hyōrōtsuki-oni, or “staggering spirits” ","さらに、いたずらをしながら大きな鐘を背負った「ひょろつき鬼」が群衆の中で、子供たちを驚かせようとしている。","Adding to the mischief-making are performers like the hyōrōtsuki-oni, or “staggering spirits,” who carry heavy objects on their backs and try to startle children in the crowd. If a child shrieks, it is said to be a sign that they will grow up strong."]
[1899,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","俳諧","はいかい","haikai ","連歌と俳諧の歴史に関する資料は貸出し可能で、博物館には約20種に及ぶ項目が定期的に展示されている。 ","Resources on the history of renga and haikai are available, and the museum regularly displays about two dozen items. "]
[1900,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","書物","「三冊子」","さんぞうし","San-zōshi, or “Three Booklets” ","蓑虫庵の建物と土地はもともと、芭蕉の弟子の一人であり、彼自身も俳人であった服部土芳（1657〜1730）の所有であった。土芳は後に、芭蕉の著作や教えの多くを「三冊子（さんぞうし）」にまとめた。 ","The house and land originally belonged to Hattori Dohō (1657–1730), one of Bashō’s disciples and a poet in his own right, who later compiled many of Bashō’s writings and teachings into the San-zōshi, or “Three Booklets.” "]
[1901,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","建造物等","句碑","くひ","stone tablets","蓑虫庵の境内には、芭蕉の作品が記された多くの句碑がある。","Within the grounds of Minomushi-an are many stone tablets that bear Bashō’s writing."]
[1902,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","書物","「貝おほい」","かいおおい","Kai-ōi (Seashell Game)","この「月を釣る家」の意味の小屋で、芭蕉は最初の句集「貝おほい」を1672年に出版した。 ","That name, which can be translated as “fishing moon house,” comes from the first collection of poetry that Bashō published while living here in 1672, called the Kai-ōi (Seashell Game). "]
[1903,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","臍帯","さいたい","umbilical cord","これは、将来の健康を願うために、子供の臍帯を保存する日本の習慣を指している。 ","This refers to the Japanese custom of saving a small piece of child’s umbilical cord to ward off evil and ensure their health into adulthood."]
[1904,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","腰簑","こしみの","sash","上部の湾曲した屋根は彼の旅笠をイメージし、下部の八角形の屋根は芭蕉の合羽と腰簑をイメージしている。","Its upper curved roof corresponds to his hat, while the lower octagonal roof corresponds to his coat and sash. "]
[1905,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","明王","みょうおう","myō-ō","この地区の いくつかのお寺の一つである。主仏は五つの知恵の明王の一人である愛染明王で、人間の情熱と愛欲を司り、地上の欲望を通して、霊的な悟りを達成できるように信者を助けるのである。","It is one of several temples in the area that worship Aizen Myō-ō, one of the Five Wisdom Kings (myō-ō) and the deity of human passion and lust who aids followers in achieving spiritual awakening through earthly desires."]
[1906,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","芭蕉","ばしょう","banana tree ","墓地の庭には、芭蕉の名前の由来になったバナナの木（芭蕉）と、芭蕉が旅の間、使い続けた杖の材料であった椿の象徴的な二種類の植物が植えられている。 ","The cemetery garden includes two significant plants: a banana tree (bashō), which is the poet’s namesake, and a camellia, the kind of wood used to make Bashō’s walking stick. "]
[1907,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","椿","つばき","camellia","墓地の庭には、芭蕉の名前の由来になったバナナの木（芭蕉）と、芭蕉が旅の間、使い続けた杖の材料であった椿の象徴的な二種類の植物が植えられている。 ","The cemetery garden includes two significant plants: a banana tree (bashō), which is the poet’s namesake, and a camellia, the kind of wood used to make Bashō’s walking stick. "]
[1908,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","酵母","こうぼ","yeast","酒には、米、水、酵母、麹の4原料しかなく、これらのシンプルな素材を使用して、酒蔵は信じられないほど多様な味とスタイルを生み出してきた。","There are only four ingredients in sake: rice, water, yeast, and koji―steamed rice, upon which a specific mold has been grown. With these simple components, sake brewers can create an impressive variety of tastes and styles."]
[1909,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","食","麹","こうじ","koji","酒には、米、水、酵母、麹の4原料しかなく、これらのシンプルな素材を使用して、酒蔵は信じられないほど多様な味とスタイルを生み出してきた。","There are only four ingredients in sake: rice, water, yeast, and koji―steamed rice, upon which a specific mold has been grown. With these simple components, sake brewers can create an impressive variety of tastes and styles."]
[1910,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","動物","麹菌","こうじきん","koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae)","その後、一部を使用して麹菌を成長させるために蒸す。","It is then steamed, and a portion is used to grow the koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae)."]
[1911,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","食","杜氏","とうじ","tōji, or master brewer","大田酒造の新しい杜氏は所有者の息子であり、彼は柔らかく甘い味で知られている「＆」（アンド）のシリーズを発売した。","Ota brewery’s new tōji (master brewer) is the son of the owners, and he launched the Ando (“&”) variety of sake, known for its softer, sweeter taste. "]
[1912,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","食","蔵元","くらもと","kuramoto, or brewery owners","1980年代後半、彼女と夫の秀樹氏は、醸造場で父親に加わり、蔵元でありながら杜氏となる道を選び修行したのである。","During the late 1980s, she and her husband, Hideki, joined her father at the brewery, where they learned how to become tōji as well as kuramoto (brewery owners). "]
[1913,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","食","高級純米酒","こうきゅうじゅんまいしゅ","premium junmai sake ","るみ子さんと彼女の夫は焦点を移し、伝統的な技法と現代的な技法の両方を駆使し、高級純米酒だけを生産するようになった。","Rumiko and her husband have shifted its focus, producing only premium junmai sake using both traditional and modern techniques. "]
[1914,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山伏","やまぶし","yamabushi, or mountain ascetics","忍者は山に向う場合、山伏姿に変装した。","If they were headed into the mountains, they might dress as yamabushi, or mountain ascetics. "]
[1915,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","工芸・美術品","鎌","かま","sickle","武士以外は刀や銃器を携行することは違法だったが、鎌、刃物、その他の道具は危ない忍具として使用できた。","It was unlawful for anyone but the samurai to carry swords and firearms, but sickles, knives, and other tools could be applied as deadly weapons."]
[1916,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","「伊賀流」","いがりゅう","igaryū, or the “Iga school”","1964年に開館した伊賀流忍者博物館では、伊賀地方の忍者の歴史と、忍術と実演（総称して「伊賀流」）を幅広くを訪問者に紹介している。","Beginning in 1964, the Ninja Museum of Igaryū has offered visitors a broad view of ninja history and the techniques and practices that were specific to the ninja of the Iga region, collectively known as igaryū, or the “Iga school.”"]
[1917,"三重県","一般社団法人伊賀上野観光協会","植物","トリカブト","とりかぶと","aconite","手裏剣にはしばしば毒であるトリカブトが塗られていた。","Shuriken were sometimes dipped in aconite, a deadly poison."]
[1918,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","島しょ","神島","かみしま","Kamishima Island","神島","Kamishima Island"]
[1919,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","年中行事","ゲーター祭り\n","げーたーまつり","Geta Matsuri Festival","ゲーター祭り","Geta Matsuri Festival"]
[1920,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","八代神社","やつしろじんじゃ","Yatsushiro Jinja Shrine","この伝統的な新年の行事は、元旦の夜明け前に八代神社で開催されます。","This traditional New Year’s rite is held at Yatsushiro Jinja Shrine well before dawn on the morning of January 1."]
[1921,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","史跡","洗濯場\n","せんたくば","Laundry Spot","洗濯場","Laundry Spot"]
[1922,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","史跡","時計台跡","とけいだいあと","The Old Clock Stand","時計台跡","The Old Clock Stand"]
[1923,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","島しょ","答志島","とうしじま","Toshijima Island","答志島","Toshijima Island"]
[1924,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","ワカメの塩漬け","わかめのしおづけ","salted wakame seaweed","島の主な産業のひとつはワカメの塩漬けの生産で、昔から一貫して伝統的な方法で収穫と加工が行われています。","One of the island’s main industries is the production of salted wakame seaweed, which is still harvested and processed using traditional methods."]
[1925,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","八幡神社","はちまんじんじゃ","Hachiman Jinja","八幡神社","Hachiman Jinja"]
[1926,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","年中行事","八幡祭","はちまんまつり","Hachiman Festival","八幡祭","Hachiman Festival"]
[1927,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","美多羅志神社\n","みたらしじんじゃ","Mitarashi Jinja Shrine","美多羅志神社","Mitarashi Jinja Shrine"]
[1928,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","建造物等","富士見展望台\n","ふじみてんぼうだい","Fujimi Observation Deck","富士見展望台","Fujimi Observation Deck"]
[1929,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","島しょ","小築海島\n","こずくみじま","Kozukumi-jima Islands","小築海島","Kozukumi-jima Islands"]
[1930,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","島しょ","大築海島","おずくみじま","Ozukumi-jima Islands","大築海島","Ozukumi-jima Islands"]
[1931,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","海岸・岬","大間の浜","おおまのはま","Oma Beach","大間の浜","Oma Beach"]
[1932,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","集落・街","答志集落","とうししゅうらく","hamlets of Toshi","答志集落と和具集落の境界をまたいで広がる浜は、夏の海水浴スポットとして人気があります。","Straddling the boundary between the hamlets of Toshi and Wagu, it is a favorite swimming spot during the summer months."]
[1933,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","集落・街","和具集落","わぐしゅうらく","hamlets of Wagu","答志集落と和具集落の境界をまたいで広がる浜は、夏の海水浴スポットとして人気があります。","Straddling the boundary between the hamlets of Toshi and Wagu, it is a favorite swimming spot during the summer months."]
[1934,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","植物","ヤマトタチバナ","やまとたちばな","Yamato Tachibana","ヤマトタチバナ","Yamato Tachibana"]
[1935,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","社会","寝屋子制度","ねやこせいど","neyako system","ここでは、10代の若者が修養のために地元の漁師と生活の一部をともにする「寝屋子制度」が今でも実践されています。","The neyako system, in which teenage boys are sent to live part-time with local fishermen for training, is still practiced here. "]
[1936,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","寝屋親","ねやおや","neya-oya","少年たちは、大抵の場合は漁師である受け入れ先の家長「寝屋親」から学びながら余暇を過ごします。","Free time is generally spent learning from the neya-oya, the head of the host family, who is often a fisherman."]
[1937,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","島しょ","菅島\n","すがしま","Sugashima Island","菅島","Sugashima Island"]
[1938,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","菅島神社","すがしまじんじゃ","Sugashima Jinja Shrine","菅島神社","Sugashima Jinja Shrine"]
[1939,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","真綿の神さん","まわたのかみさん","Mawata-no-kamisan","敷地内の見どころには、ウミガメの形をした亀石や、生まれたばかりの赤ちゃんの両親が子どもの健康を祈って薄い真綿で包む神聖な石、「真綿の神さん(the god of gauze)」などがあります。","Other sights within the grounds include the kame-ishi, a boulder in the shape of a sea turtle, and Mawata-no-kamisan (“the god of gauze”), a sacred stone that new parents wrap with gauze to express their wish for the health of their babies."]
[1940,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","島しょ","坂手島","さかてじま","Sakatejima Island","坂手島","Sakatejima Island"]
[1941,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","湖沼","アヤメ池\n","あやめいけ","Ayame Iris Pond","アヤメ池","Ayame Iris Pond"]
[1942,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","海岸・岬","姫の浜","ひめのはま","Hime-no-hama Beach","姫の浜","Hime-no-hama Beach"]
[1943,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","建造物等","旧坂手小学校","きゅうさかてしょうがっこう","former Sakate Elementary School","浜は、旧坂手小学校のすぐそばにあります。","The beach is located down the steps from the former Sakate Elementary School."]
[1944,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","若宮神社","わかみやじんじゃ","Wakamiya Jinja Shrine","若宮神社","Wakamiya Jinja Shrine"]
[1945,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","年中行事","棒練り祭り","ぼうねりまつり","Bo-neri Matsuri (Pole Procession Festival)","最も有名な行事のひとつは棒練り祭り（Pole Procession Festival）で、1671年以来途切れることなく毎年開催されていました。","One of the most famous was the Bo-neri Matsuri (Pole Procession Festival), which had been held every year without fail since 1671. "]
[1946,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","植物","タブノキ\n","たぶのき","Tabunoki Trees","タブノキ","Tabunoki Trees"]
[1947,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","マダイ","まだい","madai sea bream","ここで獲れるのは、主にマダイやハマチ、海苔を作るのに使われる海藻をはじめとした、日本料理によく登場する食材です。","Major harvests include madai sea bream, hamachi amberjack, and seaweeds used to prepare nori and other mainstays of Japanese cuisine."]
[1948,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","ハマチ","はまち","hamachi amberjack","ここで獲れるのは、主にマダイやハマチ、海苔を作るのに使われる海藻をはじめとした、日本料理によく登場する食材です。","Major harvests include madai sea bream, hamachi amberjack, and seaweeds used to prepare nori and other mainstays of Japanese cuisine."]
[1949,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","答志島トロさわら","とうしじまとろさわら","Toshijima Island Toro-sawara Mackerel","答志島トロさわら","Toshijima Island Toro-sawara Mackerel"]
[1950,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","岩牡蠣","いわがき","iwa-gaki (“rock oysters”)","この地域は夏に獲れる大振りの岩牡蠣（rock oyster）と冬が旬の小振りの真牡蠣（true oyster）の二種の牡蠣で有名です。","The region is famed for two species: the larger iwa-gaki (“rock oysters”), whose season is in the summer months, and the smaller ma-gaki (“true oysters”) in winter."]
[1951,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","真牡蠣","まがき","ma-gaki (“true oysters”)","この地域は夏に獲れる大振りの岩牡蠣（rock oyster）と冬が旬の小振りの真牡蠣（true oyster）の二種の牡蠣で有名です。","The region is famed for two species: the larger iwa-gaki (“rock oysters”), whose season is in the summer months, and the smaller ma-gaki (“true oysters”) in winter."]
[1952,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","ワカメ","わかめ","wakame","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1953,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","植物","アラメ","あらめ","arame","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1954,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","ヒジキ","ひじき","hijiki","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1955,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","アオサ","あおさ","aosa","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1956,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","ケノリ","けのり","kenori","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1957,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","クロノリ","くろのり","kuronori","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1958,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","テングサ","てんぐさ","tengusa","鳥羽は、ワカメ、アラメ、ヒジキ、アオサ、ケノリ、クロノリ、テングサの品質の高さで特によく知られています。","Toba is particularly well known for high-quality wakame, arame, hijiki, aosa, kenori, kuronori, and tengusa"]
[1959,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","塩ワカメ","しおわかめ","Shio-wakame","塩ワカメ","Shio-wakame"]
[1960,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","干物","ほしもの","Sun-Dried Foods","干物","Sun-Dried Foods"]
[1961,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","サメのタレ","さめのたれ","Same-no-tare","サメのタレ","Same-no-tare"]
[1962,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","その他","たこつぼ","たこつぼ","Octopus Jars","たこつぼ","Octopus Jars"]
[1963,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","たこめし","たこめし","Tako-meshi","タコを刻んで米と一緒に茹でた「たこめし」は、島の人気料理です。","Tako-meshi, rice cooked with chopped octopus, is a popular island dish."]
[1964,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","その他","さんでのそこ","さんでのそこ","sande-no-soko","地元の人々は、村の中心にある行き止まりのことを、渦巻き状になっているサザエの底という意味の「さんでのそこ」と呼んでいます。","The dead end in the village center is called sande-no-soko by local residents—a reference to the curlicue-shaped bottom of a turban shell."]
[1965,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","その他","海女\n","あま","Ama Divers","海女","Ama Divers"]
[1966,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","セーマン","せーまん","seiman","海女は伝統的にセーマンとドーマンと呼ばれる海女を仕事中に見守ってくれる二つのシンボルで衣装を飾ります。","Ama traditionally decorate their gear with a pair of symbols called seiman and doman as talismans to watch over them as they work."]
[1967,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ドーマン","どーまん","doman","海女は伝統的にセーマンとドーマンと呼ばれる海女を仕事中に見守ってくれる二つのシンボルで衣装を飾ります。","Ama traditionally decorate their gear with a pair of symbols called seiman and doman as talismans to watch over them as they work."]
[1968,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","トモカヅキ","ともかづき","tomokazuki","特に恐れられている悪霊はトモカヅキというドッペルゲンガーのような化け物で、海女の姿で現れ、油断した海女を危険に誘うと言われています。","Chief among those is the dreaded tomokazuki, a doppelganger-like creature who manifests as a diver and lures unwary ama into danger."]
[1969,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","年中行事","しろんご祭","しろんごまつり","Shirongo Matsuri Festival","しろんご祭","Shirongo Matsuri Festival"]
[1970,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","白髭神社","しらひげじんじゃ","Shirahige Jinja Shrine","白髭神社","Shirahige Jinja Shrine"]
[1971,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","白髭明神","しらひげみょうじん","Shirahige Myojin","しろんご浜の崖のすぐ上にあるこの神社は、白髭明神と呼ばれる守護神を祀っています。","This shrine, located just up the cliffs from Shirongo Beach, honors a guardian deity called Shirahige Myojin."]
[1972,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","石神さん","いしがみさん","Ishigami-san","石神さん（石の神様という意味）という愛称で呼ばれる大きな岩は、相差（おうさつ）町の神明神社にあります。","A large rock, popularly called Ishigami-san (literally, honorable deity of the rock), is located inside Shinmei Jinja shrine in Osatsu-cho."]
[1973,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神明神社","しんめいじんじゃ","Shinmei Jinja shrine","石神さん（石の神様という意味）という愛称で呼ばれる大きな岩は、相差（おうさつ）町の神明神社にあります。","A large rock, popularly called Ishigami-san (literally, honorable deity of the rock), is located inside Shinmei Jinja shrine in Osatsu-cho."]
[1974,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","建造物等","海女小屋","あまごや","Ama Huts","海女小屋","Ama Huts"]
[1975,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","伊勢神宮","いせじんぐう","Ise Jingu Grand Shrine","伊勢神宮","Ise Jingu Grand Shrine"]
[1976,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","皇大神宮（または内宮）","こうたいじんぐう　ないくう","Kotai-jingu (also known as the Naiku, or Inner Shrine)","実は、伊勢神宮は、皇大神宮（または内宮）と豊受大神宮（または外宮）の本殿を中心とした125の異なる神社の総称です。","“Ise Jingu” actually refers to a complex of 125 distinct shrines, chief among them Kotai-jingu (also known as the Naiku, or Inner Shrine), and Toyouke-daijingu (also called the Geku, Outer Shrine). "]
[1977,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","豊受大神宮（または外宮）","とようけのだいじんぐう　げくう","Toyouke-daijingu (also called the Geku, Outer Shrine)","実は、伊勢神宮は、皇大神宮（または内宮）と豊受大神宮（または外宮）の本殿を中心とした125の異なる神社の総称です。","“Ise Jingu” actually refers to a complex of 125 distinct shrines, chief among them Kotai-jingu (also known as the Naiku, or Inner Shrine), and Toyouke-daijingu (also called the Geku, Outer Shrine). "]
[1978,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神饌","しんせん","Sacred Meals","神饌","Sacred Meals"]
[1979,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","倭姫命","わまとひめのみこと","Yamatohime-no-mikoto","伝承によると、皇女、倭姫命（やまとひめのみこと）は、二千年前に伊勢神宮を建立した後、神社の供物にふさわしい品を供給できる土地を求めて伊勢志摩地域をめぐりました。","According to legend, after founding Ise Jingu Grand Shrine 2,000 years ago, Princess Yamatohime-no-mikoto traveled throughout the Ise-Shima region in search of places capable of supplying the shrine with suitable offerings."]
[1980,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","史跡","血洗い池","ちあらいいけ","Chiarai-ike Pond","血洗い池","Chiarai-ike Pond"]
[1981,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","山岳","大山","おおやま","Mt. Oyama","鳥羽港からフェリーで15分の菅島では、ハイキングコースは軍の施設跡と多くの動植物が生息する大山の山頂に続いています。","On Sugashima, a 15-minute ferry ride from Toba port, trails lead to military ruins and the summit of Mt. Oyama, home to many species of plants and animals. "]
[1982,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","自然現象","カルスト地形\n","かるすとちけい","Karst Formations","カルスト地形","Karst Formations"]
[1983,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","建造物等","神島灯台","かみしまとうだい","Kamishima Lighthouse","神島灯台","Kamishima Lighthouse"]
[1984,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","綿津見命","わたつみのみこと","Watatsumi-no-mikoto","綿津見命（わたつみのみこと）呼ばれる海の神を祀るこの神社には、昔から海での安全を祈願する地元の人々が参拝します。","Dedicated to deity of the seas Watatsumi-no-mikoto, this Shinto shrine has long been visited by local residents praying for safety at sea."]
[1985,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","海岸・岬","ニワの浜","にわのはま","Niwa-no-hama Beach","ニワの浜","Niwa-no-hama Beach"]
[1986,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","史跡","監的哨跡","\nかんてきしょうあと","Site of Artillery-Spotting Facility ","監的哨跡","Site of Artillery-Spotting Facility "]
[1987,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","海岸・岬","伊良湖岬","いらこみさき","Cape Irago","晴れた日には、島の灯台がある伊良湖岬と、弁天岬の険しい地形の両方が見えます。","On clear days you can see both Cape Irago, home of the island’s lighthouse, and the rugged landscape of Cape Benten."]
[1988,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","海岸・岬","弁天岬","べんてんみさき","Cape Benten","晴れた日には、島の灯台がある伊良湖岬と、弁天岬の険しい地形の両方が見えます。","On clear days you can see both Cape Irago, home of the island’s lighthouse, and the rugged landscape of Cape Benten."]
[1989,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","サシバの渡り","さしばのわたり","Sashiba Migration","サシバの渡り","Sashiba Migration"]
[1990,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","アサギマダラ","あさぎまだら","Asagimadara Butterflies","アサギマダラ","Asagimadara Butterflies"]
[1991,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","海岸・岬","しろんご浜","しろんごはま","Shirongo Beach","しろんご浜","Shirongo Beach"]
[1992,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","建造物等","菅嶋灯台","すがしまとうだい","Sugashima Lighthouse","菅嶋灯台","Sugashima Lighthouse"]
[1993,"愛知県・三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","植物","紅ツゲ","べにつげ","beni-tsuge (Japanese boxwood)","紅ツゲ","beni-tsuge (Japanese boxwood)"]
[1994,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","伊勢神宮","いせじんぐう","Ise Jingu","日本の最も重要な神社であり精神的な中心地である伊勢神宮がある伊勢志摩国立公園には、さまざまな自然と長い歴史が結びついています。","The most important jinja (Shinto shrine) site and the spiritual heart of Japan, Ise Jingu is located in the Ise-Shima National Park, an area characterized by varied landscapes and a long history.","※伊勢神宮側の要望により、伊勢神宮は「Shirine」等を使用せず、「Ise Jingu」のみで記載。"]
[1995,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神社\n※伊勢神宮にかかわる神社・社殿のみ","じんじゃ","jinja","日本の最も重要な神社であり精神的な中心地である伊勢神宮がある伊勢志摩国立公園には、さまざまな自然と長い歴史が結びついています。","The most important jinja (Shinto shrine) site and the spiritual heart of Japan, Ise Jingu is located in the Ise-Shima National Park, an area characterized by varied landscapes and a long history.","※初出時は説明として「(Shinto shrine)」を入れる。"]
[1996,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","ケヤキ","けやき","Zelkova","このテラスにあるケヤキとスタジイの木陰から漏れる太陽の光は、このテラスにゆったりした雰囲気を生み出します。","The sunlight flickering through the leaves of the Zelkova (Zelkova serrata) and Castanopsis (Castanopsis sieboldii) trees on the terrace create a relaxing atmosphere in which to enjoy the views of Ago Bay. "]
[1997,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","スタジイ","すたじい","Castanopsis","このテラスにあるケヤキとスタジイの木陰から漏れる太陽の光は、このテラスにゆったりした雰囲気を生み出します。","The sunlight flickering through the leaves of the Zelkova (Zelkova serrata) and Castanopsis (Castanopsis sieboldii) trees on the terrace create a relaxing atmosphere in which to enjoy the views of Ago Bay. "]
[1998,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","馬酔木","あしび"," Japanese andromeda","春には馬酔木の花も咲き誇ります。","Japanese andromeda (Pieris japonica) bloom here in spring. "]
[2000,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","ツワブキ","つわぶき","Japanese silver leaf","ツワブキは秋に黄色い花を咲かせます。","Japanese silver leaf (Farfugium japonicum) plants here produce clusters of yellow flowers in the fall."]
[2005,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","カキツバタ","かきつばた"," iris","この鳥羽に最も近い島は、美しい紫色のカキツバタで有名です。","Toba’s closest island is known for its beautiful purple irises (Iris laevigata), which bloom from mid-May through to the beginning of summer."]
[2008,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","クチナシ","くちなし","gardenia","のどかな景色が見えるこの場所へ向かう道の周辺には、クチナシや桜の木のような様々な植物が生えています。","Various plants, including gardenias (Gardenia jasminoides) and cherry trees, bloom along the path to this serene vista."]
[2012,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","動物","カワウ","かわう","great cormorant","カワウは一年中見ることができます。伊勢湾や大きな川の河口などで群れをなします。","These include the great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), which can be seen all year round, especially around Ise Bay and near large river mouths. "]
[2017,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","動物","ガムシ","がむし","Hydrophilidae","砂浜では打ち上がった海藻などを餌にするガムシやハネカクシの仲間などが生息しています。","Along the shore, a species of Hydrophilidae and rove beetles (Staphylinidae) can be spotted feeding on seaweed that has been washed onto the beaches. ","※厳密な種が不明のため、「a species of」とする。"]
[2022,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","コバノミツバツツジ","こばのみつばつつじ","kobanomitsuba tsutsuji","横山園地や登茂山の林などでは、コバノミツバツツジが早春に淡い紫色の花を多数咲かせます。","In the early spring, kobanomitsuba tsutsuji (Rhododendron reticulatum), a species of azalea, blooms pale purple in a number of areas, including the Yokoyama Picnic Site and Tomoyama Park."]
[2028,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","スギ","すぎ","Japanese cedar","ここでは、オークの仲間などの常緑広葉樹（照葉樹）やスギ、モミなどの針葉樹が混交しています。","Evergreen broad-leaved trees (laurel forest) including species of oak mix with coniferous trees such as Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and momi fir (Abies firma). "]
[2029,"三重県","\n（伊勢志摩国立公園）環境省中部地方環境事務所","植物","モミ","もみ","momi fir","ここでは、オークの仲間などの常緑広葉樹（照葉樹）やスギ、モミなどの針葉樹が混交しています。","Evergreen broad-leaved trees (laurel forest) including species of oak mix with coniferous trees such as Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) and momi fir (Abies firma). "]
[2037,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","人物・人名・役職名","参議","さんぎ","councilor","当時の参議であった大隈重信（1838–1922）は、その本丸の美しさに感動し、天皇に後世のためにそれを残してほしいと懇願した","His councilor, Ōkuma Shigenobu (1838–1922), was struck by the beauty of the main keep and asked him to spare it for posterity. "]
[2040,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","城跡・城郭・宮殿","礎石","そせき","stone foundations","本丸は明治時代（1868〜1912年）の廃城令の解体から救われたが、これらの他の建物は解体され、礎石のみが残っている。","The castle’s main keep was saved from demolition during the Meiji era (1868–1912), but the other buildings were not. Their stone foundations can still be seen nearby."]
[2046,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","人物・人名・役職名","大老","たいろう","a senior official who functioned like a prime minister","このグループは、家康が権力を手中に収めた時に、彼をサポートした有力大名家の代表者で構成され、首相のように機能した高官である大老によって統括された。","When the shogun was forced to delegate administrative matters, he turned to the tairō, a senior official who functioned like a prime minister. "]
[2047,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","史跡","赤備え","あかぞなえ","“Red Battalion” ","1582年から、井伊直政（1561〜1602）は、徳川家康（1543〜1616）の強力な突撃軍として、「赤備え」と呼ばれる赤い甲冑を身にまとった部隊を率いた。","Beginning in 1582, Ii Naomasa (1561–1602) led the “Red Battalion” (Akazonae), a group of soldiers in red-lacquered armor who functioned as elite shock troops for Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616). "]
[2052,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","史跡","装束","しょうぞく","shōzoku","能役者が身に着ける複雑で繊細に織りあげられた衣装は能装束と呼ばれているが、1つの衣装には鬘や帽子、いろいろな種類の着物など、7つ以下の異なる種類の付帯要素が含まれている。","The intricate, finely crafted costumes worn by Noh performers are broadly called shōzoku, though a single costume may contain elements from up to seven different categories, including wigs, caps, and various types of kimono. "]
[2055,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","建造物等","御殿の表・奥","ごてんのおもて・おく","the “back” (oku) residential area / the “front” (omote) administrative area","これらの2つの役目は、「裏」である（御殿の奥）の居住区と「前」の（御殿の表）の仕事の場という2つの領域に明確に分けられていた。","These two purposes were clearly delineated into two areas: the “back” (oku) residential area, and the “front” (omote) administrative area. "]
[2063,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","社会","お歯黒","おはぐろ","ohaguro","19世紀の終わりまで、上流階級の既婚女性は酢に溶かした鉄粉を使って歯を黒くすることが一般的な習慣であった。この習慣はお歯黒として知られ、歯を腐食から防ぐと考えられていた。","Until the end of the nineteenth century, it was common practice in the upper classes for married women to blacken their teeth using a mixture of iron filings dissolved in vinegar. This practice, known as ohaguro, was thought to prevent tooth decay."]
[2064,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江ツーリズムボード","乗物","籠・駕篭","かご","palanquin","彼らが住居を出て旅行するとき、高貴な人々は数人によって担がれる一人乗りの駕篭で運ばれた。","When traveling outside their residences, members of the nobility were often carried in a palanquin (or litter) by two or more bearers. "]
[2070,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","書院造り","しょいんづくり","traditional shoin or study style","京都の伝統的な書院造りを基調に、近代建築の粋をあつめて建てられた大正時代を代表する木造建築。","It is a typical example of Taisho period (1912–1926) architecture, including modern architectural features into a traditional shoin or study style."]
[2075,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","受戒","じゅかい","ordained","延暦４年（７８５）、二十歳となった最澄は東大寺で受戒する。","Saicho was ordained at Todaiji in Nara in 785 at the age of twenty. "]
[2080,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","人物・人名・役職名","三面大黒天","さんめんだいこくてん","Three-Headed Daikokuten","最澄はこの方は大黒天に違いないと思い、身を浄めて刻んだ像が、三つの顔と六本の手を持つ三面大黒天像。","Saicho realized that the hermit must be Daikokuten, so he purified himself and carved an image of the Three-Headed Daikokuten with three heads and six arms."]
[2084,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","伝教大師御影供","でんぎょうだいしみえく","Memorial Service for Dengyo Daishi Saicho","また、「涅槃会（ねはんえ）」や「伝教大師御影供（でんぎょうだいしみえく）」などの論議法要も行われる。","Rituals and debates, such as the Nirvana Assembly and the Memorial Service for Dengyo Daishi Saicho, are performed here. "]
[2087,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","人物・人名・役職名","法然","ほうねん","Honen","法然（ほうねん　１１３３－１２１２）　浄土宗の宗祖","Honen (1133–1212), founder of the Jodo school of Pure Land Buddhism"]
[2094,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","書物","入唐求法巡礼行記","にっとうぐほうじゅんれいこうき","Records of a Pilgrimage in Search of the Dharma in China","千辛万苦の末に成し遂げたこの入唐の旅は『入唐求法巡礼行記』としてまとめられた。","The long and arduous journey is documented in his famous diary, Records of a Pilgrimage in Search of the Dharma in China. "]
[2098,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","人物・人名・役職名","荼枳尼天","だきにてん","Dakiniten","比叡山延暦寺ができた頃、この地に荼枳尼天（吒枳尼天）が白雪の神狐の姿となってあらわれ、人々の罪や穢れを祓い浄め、福徳を与えたと言い伝えられている。このお社は故事に則って荼枳尼天（吒枳尼天）を本尊としてお祀りしている。","At around the time Enryakuji was founded on Mount Hiei, it is said that the deity Dakiniten appeared in the form of a sacred fox, white as snow, purifying people of their sins and granting good fortune, and this shrine was built for the worship of Dakiniten. "]
[2099,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","侍真","じしん"," jishin","以来、霊廟を守る僧侶を侍真（じしん）といい、昼夜を分たず、厳しい戒律のもとに心身を清浄にして、生身の大師に仕えるように勤めなければならないとされている。","A monk called the jishin or true watcher has been stationed at the mausoleum ever since the mausoleum was built. "]
[2103,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","長寿","ちょうじゅ","long life","長寿と厄除け、方除けにご利益がある。","Prayers are said at Sekizan-gu for a long life, the purging of misfortune, and the purging of ill fortune arising from unlucky directions. "]
[2110,"滋賀県","宗教法人比叡山延暦寺（多言語解説協議会）","建造物等","元亀の兵乱殉難者供養塔","げんきのへいらんじゅんなんしゃくようとう","Mound for Pacifying the Spirits of Martyrs of the Buddha Dharma","平和の塔と元亀の兵乱殉難者鎮魂塚は、１５７１年１１月１２日の織田信長（１５３４〜１５８２）による叡山焼き討ちを記念するためにつくられた。","The Peace Tower (Heiwa no To) and the Mound for Pacifying the Spirits of Martyrs of the Buddha Dharma commemorate the attack on Mount Hiei by the warlord Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582) on November 12th, 1571."]
[2115,"京都府 ","真言宗総本山　東寺（教王護国寺）","人物・人名・役職名","弘法大師","こうぼうだいし","Great Teacher of Buddhist Doctrine","東寺は、死後は弘法大師（佛教の教義の大師の意）として知られるようになった有名な学者であり、建築家であり、能筆家であった僧空海（774–835）と密接に結びついている。","Tōji is closely associated with the Buddhist monk Kūkai (774–835), the scholar, architect, and calligrapher known posthumously as Kōbō-Daishi, or “Great Teacher of Buddhist Doctrine.”"]
[2117,"京都府 ","真言宗総本山　東寺（教王護国寺）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大仏様","だいぶつよう","Great-Buddha-Hall style","このデザインは背の高い柱と大仏様と和様のシンプルな彫刻のラインを組み合わせたものになっている。","The design blends the tall pillars and exposed bracketing of the Great-Buddha-Hall style (Daibutsuyō) with the simpler curved lines of the older Japanese style (Wayō). "]
[2122,"京都府 ","真言宗総本山　東寺（教王護国寺）","建造物等","礎石","そせき","foundation stones","火事から5年後の1491年に再建され、この建物はいまだに元の講堂の礎石の上に建っている。","Rebuilt in 1491, five years after the fire, the building still stands on the foundation stones of the original hall. "]
[2127,"京都府 ","真言宗総本山　東寺（教王護国寺）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五智如来","ごちにょらい","Five Great Buddhas","塔の中心に安置されているのは、この真言密教のパンテオンとも言える場所の最高位を占める五智如来である。","At the center of the pagoda are the Five Great Buddhas (Gochi Nyorai) who occupy the highest rank in the Shingon pantheon."]
[2133,"京都府 ","真言宗総本山　東寺（教王護国寺）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","金剛界曼荼羅","こんごうかいまんだら","Diamond World Mandala","これらの神々は、真言宗で主に使用される2つの曼荼羅のうちの1つである金剛界曼荼羅の中心に描かれている五大佛の姿を表現している。","These deities are manifestations of the Five Great Buddhas who appear at the center of the of the Diamond World Mandala, one of the two main mandalas used in Shingon Buddhism. "]
[2134,"京都府 ","真言宗総本山　東寺（教王護国寺）","人物・人名・役職名","夜叉神","やしゃじん"," yasha\nor \nguardian sprits","夜叉神は守護霊として知られており、東側は雄夜叉と西側は雌夜叉である。","They are popularly known as yasha, or guardian spirits—a male yasha on the east side and a female on the west."]
[2141,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","醍醐寺","だいごじ"," Daigo-ji","醍醐寺は、京都市の南東部にある仏教寺院です。","The Daigo-ji is a vast Buddhist temple complex and monastery located in the southeastern part of Kyoto-city."]
[2145,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","霊宝館","れいほうかん","Reihō-kan Museum","博物館である霊宝館には、何千もの貴重な文書や仏像、絵画を含む非常に数多くの国宝が保管されています。","The nearby Reihō-kan Museum has been inaugurated in 1935 to house the treasure chamber of the temple."]
[2150,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","聖宝","しょうぼう"," Shōbō","上醍醐は、空海（774〜835）の修行僧であり孫弟子である聖宝（832〜909、死後は理源大師として知られる）によって最初に寺院が設立された場所です。","Kami-Daigo is the site of the original temple that was founded by Shōbō in the 9th century."]
[2155,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四天王","してんのう","Shitennō","これらは四天王として知られる世界を守る四神です。","The hall also enshrines a Yakushi Nyorai triad, with the addition of the Shitennō or Four Heavenly Kings, who all were part of the relocation from the south to the capital."]
[2157,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","両界曼荼羅","りょうかいまんだら","The Mandala of the Two Realms (Ryōkai Mandala)","一つは有名な曼荼羅で、両界曼荼羅（２つの世界の曼荼羅）として知られる宇宙を表象する図式的な芸術作品です。","The first mural depicts the most renowned pair of mandala in Shingon Buddhism - The Mandala of the Two Realms (Ryōkai Mandala), a diagrammatic expression that consist of two individual representations. "]
[2162,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","観音堂","かんのんどう","Kannon-dō","下醍醐の観音堂はもともと大講堂として知られていました。","The Kannon-dō or hall for the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara within the Shimo-Daigo precinct was formerly known as the Daikō-dō, the Great Lecture Hall. "]
[2164,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ご開扉","ごかいひ","gokaihi","厨子への扉を開く「ご開扉」と呼ばれる式典が開催されます。","The gokaihi ceremony marks the opening of the doors of the shrine that houses the sacred statue."]
[2169,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西大門","さいだいもん","Saidai-mon","西大門として知られる守護王の門は、醍醐寺の主要な建造物群である下醍醐の入り口を示しています。","The Saidai-mon is the western gate that houses the two guardian kings and marks the entrance into Shimo-Daigo, the main temple complex. "]
[2174,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","葵の間","あおいのま","Aoi no ma","葵の間は、三宝院の入り口近くにある3つの隣接する応接室のうち最初で最大の部屋です。","The Aoi no ma, or Hollyhock Room, is the first and largest of three contiguous reception rooms near the entrance of the Sanbō-in."]
[2180,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","唐門","からもん","Kara-mon","唐門は、皇室の使節が僧院に入るために使用する国宝の門です。 ","The Imperial Messenger Gate (Kara-mon), designated a National Treasure, is the gate traditionally reserved for imperial envoys entering the residence of the abbot."]
[2185,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","集落・街","亀島","かめしま","Kameshima","亀島は亀に似ており、右にある大きな石が亀の首を、反対の石が亀の尻尾を表しています。","Kameshima resembles a turtle, with one large stone on the right representing the neck and another on the opposite side serving as its tail. "]
[2188,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","純浄観","じゅんじょうかん","Junjō-kan ","純浄観は三宝院内の建物です。","Junjō-kan is a hall within Sanbō-in. "]
[2192,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","建造物等","醍醐棚","だいごだな","Daigo-dana","主な特徴は、「醍醐棚」と呼ばれる違い棚（段違いに取り付けた棚で、古典的な建築様式として重要なもの）です。","The most remarkable feature of the building is the “Daigo-dana,” the set of staggered shelves, which is an example of chigaidana, an important element of the Shoin style interior design that developed during the Momoyama period."]
[2197,"京都府 ","宗教法人　醍醐寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","護摩堂","ごまどう","Goma-dō","本堂の後ろには、護摩火の儀式に使用される護摩堂があります。","Behind the hall of Hon-dō is the Goma-dō Hall, a venue for the goma fire ritual."]
[2202,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","観音堂","かんのんどう","kannondo","観音堂の名前はその本尊である慈悲の菩薩、観音菩薩像に由来している。","The Kannondo Hall takes its name from its main object of worship: a statue of Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion."]
[2204,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","中門","ちゅうもん","chumon","仁和寺の中でも宗教的な重要性がますます強くなるエリアへの入り口となるのが中門である。","The Central Gate marks the entrance into a more sacred area of the temple complex."]
[2212,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","植物","御室桜","おむろさくら","Omuro Sakura","この木々は御室桜である。遅咲きの桜で、仁和寺といえば御室桜として広く知られている。","These cherry trees are Omuro Sakura, a late-blooming variety widely associated with Ninnaji. "]
[2215,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","人物・人名・役職名","多聞天","たもんてん","Tamonten","四天王の一人である多聞天をかたどったこの像からは、静かな怒りが伝わってくる。","Tamonten is the most powerful of the Four Heavenly Kings, who each take a cardinal direction in guarding the world against evil influences."]
[2220,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","人物・人名・役職名","顕證","けんしょう","Kensho","近世における仁和寺の歴史における最重要人物の一人である17世紀の僧、顕證の死後につくられた肖像彫刻で、顕證の記念碑としての機能も果たしている。","This statue serves as both a memorial and a posthumous portrait of the seventeenth-century monk Kensho (1597–1678), one of the most important figures in Ninnaji’s premodern history. "]
[2221,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","人物・人名・役職名","宇多法皇","うだほうおう","Uda hoo","59代目の宇田天皇は、ここでは僧侶として描かれている。","This image depicts Emperor Uda as a monk, holding a sword in one hand. "]
[2227,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","人物・人名・役職名","弘法大師","こうぼうだいし","Kobo Daishi","生前、弘法大師は空海と呼ばれていた。弘法大師という名前は死後につけられた尊称であり、「仏教の法の偉大な教師」という意味がある。弘法大師の日本の仏教における重要性は、いくら強調しても強調しすぎるということはない。","During his life, Kobo Daishi was known as Kukai; the name Kobo Daishi, meaning “Great Teacher of the Buddhist Law,” was conferred upon him posthumously. It is difficult to overstate his importance to Japanese Buddhism."]
[2232,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","多宝塔","たほうとう","Tahoto","五重塔は仏陀（日本では釈迦如来と呼ばれる）を記念しているものだが、多宝塔には未来の仏陀の一人である多宝如来が祀られている。","Tiered Pagoda commemorates the historical Buddha known in Japan as Shaka Nyorai (Shakyamuni Buddha), the Many-Jeweled Pagoda honors one of the Buddhas of the future, Taho Nyorai (Prabhūta-ratna)."]
[2235,"京都府 ","総本山　仁和寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四天王","してんのう","shitenno","彩色を施した銅板でつくられたこれらの像は、4つの方位を守護する仏教の守護者、四天王のうちの2人を表している。","Made from sheet copper, these images represent two of the Four Heavenly Kings, the Buddhist guardians of the four cardinal directions. "]
[2239,"京都府 ","宗教法人　平等院","工芸・美術品","雲中供養菩薩像","うんちゅうくようぼさつ","Unchu Kuyo Bosatsu","次に、長押(なげし)の上の白壁にかかっております小さな仏像は、すべて雲の上に乗っておりますので、「雲中供養菩薩像」と名付けられています。","The small statues sitting on clouds that appear to float as they hang on the white wall of the hall are called the Unchu Kuyo Bosatsu, or “Worshipping Bodhisattvas on Clouds.” ","※「Worshipping Bodhisattvas on Clouds」とも表記します。"]
[2244,"京都府 ","宗教法人　平等院","工芸・美術品","十一面観音立像","じゅういちめんかんのんりゅうぞう","Eleven-Headed Kannon","この十一面観音は、12世紀頃に建てられた観音堂の主要なイメージだ。観音は同情の菩薩であり、しばしば仏教における慈悲の女神と言われる。","This Eleven-Headed Kannon (Sk. Avalokiteshvara) is the principal image of the Kannondo Hall, which was built around the twelfth century. "]
[2249,"京都府 ","宗教法人　平等院","建造物等","養林庵書院","ようりんあんしょいん","Yorin-an Shoin","養林庵書院は、平等院の下位寺院である浄土院の境内に位置する居住地であり、江戸時代（1603―1868）初期に建立されました。","Yorin-an Shoin is a residence within the grounds of Jodoin Temple, one of the Byodoin sub-temples. The residence was constructed in the early years of the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[2255,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","人物・人名・役職名","仏眼仏母","ぶつげんぶつも","Butsugen Butsumo","やがて彼が母親像としていた菩薩の仏眼仏母の像の前にひざまずいて片耳の一部を切り落とすことに至った。 ","He eventually settled on cutting off part of one of his ears as he knelt before an image of Butsugen Butsumo, a bodhisattva he regarded as a mother figure."]
[2259,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法要","ほうよう","Buddhist memorial services","明恵の命日である1月19日には、ここで毎年法要が行われる。","Buddhist memorial services are held here each year on January 19, the date when Myoe died."]
[2262,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","その他","新羅","しんら","Silla","巻物は、華厳宗(中国語：Huayan; Flower Garland)を朝鮮に伝えた二人の新羅の僧・義湘 (韓国語：Uisang)と元暁(韓国語：Weonhyo)の紀行を伝える。","The scrolls chronicle the travels of Gisho (Korean: Uisang) and Gangyo (Korean: Weonhyo), the two Silla Korean priests who introduced Kegon (Chinese: Huayan; Flower Garland) Buddhism to Korea."]
[2267,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","勅額","ちょくがく","decree","後鳥羽天皇(1180~1239年)は自らが記した勅額をもって土地をこの目的のために利用可能なものとした。","Emperor Go-Toba (1180–1239) made the land available for this purpose with a decree that he himself wrote."]
[2273,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","瞑想","めいそう","meditation","明恵の屋外での瞑想の場と修行については、約40年にわたって綴られた彼の夢記に記されている。","Myoe’s outdoor meditation spots and practices are mentioned in his dream journal, which he kept for about 40 years."]
[2274,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","経典","きょうてん","scriptures","収蔵庫宝物保管所は経典や巻物、各種の著作物など12,000点以上の文化財を収蔵している。","It houses over 12,000 artifacts including scriptures, scrolls, and various written works."]
[2279,"京都府 ","栂尾山　高山寺","人物・人名・役職名","御用絵師","ごようえし","official painter","1907年、彼は明治天皇(1852~1912年)の御用絵師に任命された。","In 1907, he was appointed the official painter to Emperor Meiji (1852–1912)."]
[2282,"京都府 ","西芳寺","植物","枝垂れ桜","しだれざくら","weeping cherry tree","本堂前の枝垂れ桜が満開になると、辺りはいっそう華やかな雰囲気になる。","When the weeping cherry trees in front of the main hall are in full bloom, the surrounding area becomes even more beautiful."]
[2290,"京都府 ","西芳寺","芸能・興行・イベント","茶の湯","ちゃのゆ","way of tea","この茶室は、日本における茶の湯の普及に大きな功績を果たした茶人の千利休（1522〜1591年）の養子である千少庵によって建てられた。","Shonantei was built by tea ceremony master Sen no Shoan (1546–1614), adopted son of Sen no Rikyu (1522–1591), one of the greatest masters of the “way of tea” (chado or chanoyu)."]
[2292,"京都府 ","西芳寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","指東庵","しとうあん","Shitoan Hall","上段の庭の最上部には指東庵がある。","Shitoan Hall, built in the late nineteenth century, stands at the highest point of the upper garden."]
[2297,"京都府 ","西芳寺","建造物等","潭北亭","たんほくてい","Tanhokutei","茶室の潭北亭は、海外も含めて幅広く陶芸の研究を行った有名な陶芸家の2代目真清水蔵六（1861〜1936年）によって西芳寺に寄贈された。","The Tanhokutei Tea House was donated to Saihoji by celebrated ceramicist Mashimizu Zoroku II (1861–1936), who traveled the world honing his craft."]
[2302,"京都府 ","西芳寺","動物","龍","りゅう","Ryu","滝のいちばん上まで登っていった鯉は龍（龍神）になると言われており、不可能と思われることに挑戦することのメタファーとして解釈されている。","The story goes that if this fish succeeds in reaching the top of the waterfall, it will turn into Ryu, the dragon god."]
[2306,"京都府 ","西芳寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お守り","おまもり","omamori","小さなお守りは持ち物に直接取り付け持ち歩くことができるものです。","The smaller omamori can be attached to your belongings and carried with you for good luck."]
[2309,"京都府 ","西芳寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","注連縄","しめなわ","shimenawa","日本古来の宗教である神道では、ある物が神聖であることを示すために注連縄をかける。"," In Shinto, shimenawa are usually tied around objects to indicate their sanctity, as is the case for the Eiko Stone. "]
[2314,"京都府 ","慈照寺（銀閣寺）","自然現象","砂紋","さもん","samon","日本の伝統的な砂や砂利をならす技法が用いられ、波を模した模様（砂紋）が描かれています。","The traditional Japanese method of raking sand and gravel in patterns (samon) is employed to imitate waves."]
[2320,"京都府 ","慈照寺（銀閣寺）","自然現象","地滑り","じすべり","landslide","水の流れは地滑りの影響により、僅かに変わったと考えられています。","The flow of the water is believed to have shifted slightly over time due to a landslide."]
[2325,"京都府 ","慈照寺（銀閣寺）","建造物等","ふすま","ふすま","fusuma","堂にある襖と呼ばれる、スライド式の引き戸の多くには、15世紀の東山文化を象徴する絵画が施されています。","Many of the sliding panels (fusuma) in the Hondō feature decorative paintings in the style of fifteenth-century Higashiyama culture."]
[2326,"京都府 ","慈照寺（銀閣寺）","建造物等","再建","さいけん","restore","伝統的な材料と技法を用いた再建や修復作業は、1615年に初めて行われ、そしてもう少し最近になってからも行われました。","Restoration and repair using traditional materials and techniques was performed first in 1615 and then again in more recent times."]
[2330,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","社会","文明開化","ぶんめいかいか","cultural revolution","日本が文明開花を経験したころ、1897年に京都国立博物館が開館されました。","When the Kyoto National Museum first opened its doors in 1897, Japan had just experienced a cultural revolution."]
[2337,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","三十三間堂","さんじゅうさんげんどう","Sanjusangendo Temple","南門は、現在の美術館の南門を直進し、三十三間堂の大南門まで続く南北軸によって二分されています。","The former South Gate of Hojoki is bisected by a north-south axis that runs straight through the current South Gate of the museum and on to the Great South Gate of Sanjusangendo Temple."]
[2339,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","人物・人名・役職名","源義経","みなもとのよしつね","Minamoto no Yoshitsune","伝説によると、彼らは有名な戦士の源義経（1159–1189）の2人の家臣の墓であるともいわれました。","According to legend, they marked the graves of two retainers of the famous warrior Minamoto no Yoshitsune (1159–1189)."]
[2344,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","建造物等","数寄屋造り","すきやづくり","sukiya-zukuri (attached tearoom)","堪庵は、江戸時代初期（1603〜1868年）に京都の貴族が好んだ数寄屋造りの大きな建物の一部である伝統的な茶室です。","Tan’an is a traditional Japanese tearoom (chashitsu) that is part of a larger structure built in the sukiya-zukuri (attached tearoom) style favored by the Kyoto aristocracy during the early Edo period (1603–1868). "]
[2349,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法住寺","ほうじゅうじ","Hojuji ","鴨川と東山の東の丘の間の七条エリアは、平安時代後期、後白河天皇（1127–1192）が法住寺を建てたときに繁栄しました。","The Shichijo area between the Kamo River and the eastern hills of Higashiyama flourished during the late Heian period when Retired Emperor Goshirakawa (1127–1192) built his extensive Hojuji temple-palace complex there."]
[2353,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","その他","東海道","とうかいどう","Tokaido road","また、都と東方を結ぶ東海道へのアクセスも簡単でした。","The area also had easy access to the Tokaido road, which connected the capital to the eastern provinces."]
[2360,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","末法の世","まっぽうのよ","period of inevitable decline (mappō)","その当時、人々は世界と仏法が避けることのできない衰退（末法の世）に入ったと信じていた。","The worship of Kannon became extremely popular in Japan from around the eleventh century––a time when people were convinced that the world and the Buddhist law had entered a period of inevitable decline (mappō)."]
[2361,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","人物・人名・役職名","湛慶","たんけい","Tankei","三十三間堂の本尊の観音像は1255年頃に高名な仏師・湛慶（1173〜1256年）の指示のもとでつくられた。","The seated statue of Kannon that is the principal image of worship was completed around 1255 under the direction of the revered Kei sculptor Tankei (1173–1256). "]
[2368,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","その他","袴","はかま","hakama trousers","最高級の着物や袴に身を包んだ出場者が日本全国から集まり、三十三間堂の長い縁側で弓矢の腕を競い合う。","Dressed in their finest kimono and hakama trousers, contestants from across the country come to test their archery skills in the shadow of Sanjūsangendō’s long veranda."]
[2372,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","組織・団体","徳川幕府","とくがわばくふ","Tokugawa shogunate","徳川幕府の創設者である徳川家康（1543〜1616年）は、婚姻を通じて自らの家を皇室と結びつけることを生涯の夢としていた。","The founder of the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616), aspired to bind his family to the imperial family through marriage."]
[2377,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","人物・人名・役職名","不動明王","ふどうみょうおう","Fudō Myō-ō","その中でも最も重要なものが、本尊である不動明王である。不動明王は、恐ろしげな外見をしているが、それとは対照的に無限の慈悲の持ち主である。","The most important of these is the principal icon of Fudō Myō-ō, a deity whose fierce appearance stands in stark contrast to his limitless compassion. "]
[2379,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","人物・人名・役職名","親鸞","しんらん","Shinran","親鸞（1173〜1263年）は日本の宗教史において最も尊敬を集めている人物の一人である。","This statue of Shinran (1173–1263), one of the most respected figures in Japanese religious history, is said to have been carved by the subject himself and has a compelling backstory."]
[2384,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","養源院","ようげんいん","Yogen’in","養源院は16世紀末の日本の歴史において大きな役割を演じた人物たちと関わりがある。","Yogen’in is associated with several figures who played major roles in Japanese history in the late sixteenth century, a time when warlords vied for dominance."]
[2391,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","工芸・美術品","風神雷神図屏風","ふうじんらいじんずびょうぶ","Wind and Thunder God Screens","有名な例は、宗達の国宝「風神雷神図屏風」である。この絵は、全面的に金箔を敷き詰めた広い空間に2人の神が描かれている。この作品は京都国立博物館に収蔵されている。","One famous example of Rinpa painting is Sotatsu’s Wind and Thunder God Screens, a National Treasure depicting two deities on a broad expanse of gold leaf, now housed in the Kyoto National Museum."]
[2395,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","人物・人名・役職名","狩野山楽","かのさんらく","Kano Sanraku","本堂の仏壇の両側には、狩野山楽（1559〜1635年）が描いた作品が飾られている。","On either side of the Buddhist altar in the Main Hall are works by painter Kano Sanraku (1559–1635). "]
[2396,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","社会","刀狩り","かたながり","disarmament","精力的な資金調達のキャンペーンが始まり、秀吉は全国的な武装解除（刀狩り）で集めた武器を鋳溶かして、仏像の建設のためのかすがいをつくることを誓った。","Hideyoshi began a vigorous fundraising campaign and a program of nationwide disarmament, seizing swords from the lower classes throughout the country."]
[2401,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鬼門","きもん","kimon","もとは広大な法住寺の敷地の北東の角（鬼門）にあった。その目的は、宮殿や後白河上皇（1127-1192、在位1155-1158）のために建てられた仏教寺院を悪霊から守ることにあった。","The shrine’s location at Hōjūji was the northeastern corner (kimon), the “demon’s gate” from where malevolent spirits were thought to enter. "]
[2407,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","飛梅天満宮","とびうめてんまんぐう","Tobiume Tenmangu","新日吉神宮の境内社である飛梅天満宮は、梅の御霊と古代の学者である菅原道真（845-903）に捧げられている。","Tobiume Tenmangu, a subsidiary shrine within the grounds of Ima-Hie Jingū, is dedicated to the spirit of the Japanese plum (ume) and to the renowned scholar, poet, and politician Sugawara no Michizane (845–903). "]
[2412,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","社会","安土桃山時代","あづちももやま","Azuchi-Momoyama period","唐門は、安土桃山時代（1568-1600）の代表的な芸術として、日本政府により国宝に指定されている。","It has been designated a National Treasure by the Japanese government as representative of the dazzling and ostentatious architecture of the Azuchi-Momoyama period (1568–1603). "]
[2415,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","金地院","こんちいん","Konchi-in","伏見城が1620年代初頭に解体された後、この門は徳川幕府の京都における代表部である二条城に移され、その後、新たに統治者となった徳川家と関係がある南禅寺の塔頭である金地院に移された。","After Fushimi Castle was dismantled in the early 1620s, the gate was first moved to Nijo Castle. It was later moved to Konchi-in, a sub-temple of Nanzenji Temple that was closely associated with the new Tokugawa rulers. "]
[2419,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","動物","漠","ばく","makura","この枕は、悪い夢を食い尽くすといわれる神話上の獣である獏の形をしている。","This pillow (makura) is in the shape of a baku, a mythical beast with origins in Chinese folklore."]
[2425,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鉄灯篭","てつとうろう","iron lantern  (Tetsu toro)","高さが3メートル近くあるこの大きな鉄灯籠は、宝物館の入り口で訪問者を迎えている。","An imposing iron lantern  (Tetsu toro) nearly three meters tall stands at the entrance to the Treasure Museum. "]
[2430,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","智積院","ちしゃくいん","Chishakuin","智積院は仏教の真言宗の智山派の総本山である。","The temple of Chishakuin is the headquarters of the Chisaku school of Shingon Buddhism."]
[2431,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","金堂","こんどう","Kondō","金堂は物理的にも精神的にも智積院の中心に位置する建物である。","The Kondō (main hall) sits at the physical and religious center of the temple of Chishakuin."]
[2439,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","工芸・美術品","松に秋草図","まつにあきくさず","Pine Tree and Autumn Flowers","智積院に保管されているその他の作品には、「松に秋草図」（国宝）、「松に黄蜀葵図」（国宝）、「松に梅図」（重要文化財）、「雪松の図」（国宝）などがあります。","Other works at Chishakuin Temple include Pine Tree and Autumn Flowers (National Treasure), Pine Tree and Hollyhocks (National Treasure), Pine Tree and Plum Blossoms (Important Cultural Property), and Snow Pine Tree (National Treasure), all of which convey the spirit of magnificence and splendor of that era."]
[2442,"京都府 ","東山七条観光プロジェクトチーム","工芸・美術品","雪松の図","ゆきまつのず","Snow Pine Tree","智積院に保管されているその他の作品には、「松に秋草図」（国宝）、「松に黄蜀葵図」（国宝）、「松に梅図」（重要文化財）、「雪松の図」（国宝）などがあります。","Other works at Chishakuin Temple include Pine Tree and Autumn Flowers (National Treasure), Pine Tree and Hollyhocks (National Treasure), Pine Tree and Plum Blossoms (Important Cultural Property), and Snow Pine Tree (National Treasure), all of which convey the spirit of magnificence and splendor of that era."]
[2447,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","発酵室","はっこうしつ","fermentation room","内蔵には発酵室があり、1年を通して約40キロリットルの日本酒が生産されている。","The Uchigura contains a fermentation room, where sake continues to be produced year-round at an output of about 40 kiloliters—approximately the same yearly output as the whole company in 1637. "]
[2448,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","杜氏","とうじ","master brewer","恒吉は会社の正式な責任者であるにもかかわらず、まずは杜氏の見習いとして働いた。 ","Despite being the official head of the company Tsunekichi first worked as an apprentice to the master brewer. "]
[2454,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","日本酒酵母","にほんしゅこうぼ","sake yeast","現在、14代目の社長が経営している同社は、伝統的は醸造方法と現代の技術を組み合わせ、地元で開発された京の琴日本酒酵母や高品質の山田錦米、および1657年以来使用されているものと同じ純水を使用している、1983年以来、北川本家の旗艦ブランドである純米吟醸酒「富翁」は、日本酒賞で金賞を18年間連続で受賞している。 ","Currently run by its fourteenth-generation president, the company combines traditional brewing methods with modern techniques, using locally developed Kyō-no-koto sake yeast, high-quality Yamada Nishiki rice, and the same pure spring water that it have used since 1657."]
[2458,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","扁平精米","へんぺいせいまいさけ","henpei seimai technique","蔵人たちは、米を平に削る「扁平精米」技術を使用している。","The brewers use the henpei seimai technique of “flat milling.” "]
[2465,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","酒米","さかまい","sakamai","日本酒造りの核心は、食べるためではなく日本酒を作るための様々な酒米にある。 ","At the heart of sake brewing is sakamai, a variety of rice for making sake not for eating. "]
[2466,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","吟醸","ぎんじょう","ginjō class","吟醸クラスの資格を得るには、米粒を元の大きさの60％以下になるまで磨く必要がある。","To qualify for the ginjō class, the rice grains must be milled to 60 percent or less of their original size."]
[2472,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","もろみ","もろみ","moromi","「もろみ」として知られる主な発酵が完了すると、それを布でろ過して酒かす（未発酵の米でできた沈殿物）を取り除く。","Once the main ferment, known as moromi, is complete, it is filtered through a cloth to remove the sake lees—a sediment made up of unfermented rice. "]
[2477,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","食","熱かん","あつかん","atsukan","温度を表す一般的な酒の用語は、冷酒（冷たい）、常温（室温）、ぬるかん（じんわり温かい）、そして熱かん（熱い）である。","Common sake terms referring to temperature are reishu (cold), jōon (room temperature), nurukan (gently warmed), and atsukan (hot)."]
[2482,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","植物","菊","きく","chrysanthemums","井戸は、白い菊を愛情込めて育てていた翁の伝説から命名されたと記されている。","A legend attached to the naming of the spring describes an old man who lovingly cultivated white chrysanthemums. "]
[2486,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","その他","百済","くだら/ひゃくさい","Baekje","私は、桓武天皇の母が百済の武寧王の家系であったと日本書紀に記されているという事実を考えると、韓国にある種の親近感を感じている","I, on my part, feel a certain kinship with Korea, given the fact that it is recorded in the Chronicles of Japan (Nihon shoki) that the mother of Emperor Kanmu was of the line of King Muryong of Baekje."]
[2489,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","乗物","貨物船","かもつせん","freight ferries","旅客船や貨物船に乗って、旅人、商人、政治家、観光客が、古都と内陸港の間を行き来した。","Travelers, traders, political schemers, and tourists visited the inland port en route to and from the ancient capital aboard passenger or freight ferries."]
[2494,"京都府 ","伏見観光プロジェクトチーム","建造物等","屋根瓦","やねかわら","roof tiles","建物は1993年に復元され、屋根瓦など、元の建物から取られた資材のほとんどが再利用された。","The building was restored in 1993, most of the material taken from original building was reused, including the roof tiles."]
[2500,"京都府 ","平安神宮","城跡・城郭・宮殿","平安京","へいあんきょう","Heiankyo","平安神宮は、日本の平安時代（794～1185）の首都であり、現在の京都の前身でもある平安京にあった天皇御所を8分の5の規模で復元したものです。","Heian Jingu is a 5:8 scale replica of the emperor’s palace in Heiankyo, the capital of Heian Japan (794–1185), present-day Kyoto."]
[2501,"京都府 ","平安神宮","城跡・城郭・宮殿","龍尾壇","りゅうびだん","Ryubidan","龍尾壇の垣は赤い漆塗りに、箔押しと彫刻が施された金属細工が装飾されており、中庭の手前の部分と高くなっている内側の部分を区切るように配されています。","The Ryubidan balustrade, lacquered in red with ornately engraved and gilded metalwork, separates the front part of the courtyard from the upper, inner area. "]
[2505,"京都府 ","平安神宮","植物","八重紅枝垂","やえべにしだれ","yaebeni shidare","４月中旬になると、八重紅枝垂という枝垂れの八重桜が咲き誇ります。","The double-petaled weeping cherry called yaebeni shidare flowers here in mid-April. "]
[2512,"京都府 ","平安神宮","植物","カキツバタ","かきつばた","rabbit-ear iris","中神苑には、ツツジ、睡蓮、オミナエシ（ominaeshi; Patrinia scabiosifolia）、日本のアイリスの種であるカキツバタ（kakitsubata; Iris laevigata) などが植わっています。","Flowers in the garden include azalea, water lily, golden lace (ominaeshi; Patrinia scabiosifolia), and rabbit-ear iris (kakitsubata; Iris laevigata)."]
[2517,"京都府 ","平安神宮","人物・人名・役職名","孝明天皇","こうめいてんのう","Emperor Komei","ここには、平安時代（794～1185）の最初の天皇である桓武天皇（737～806）と、平安京最後の天皇となった孝明天皇（1831–1866）が祀られています。","It enshrines Emperor Kanmu (737–806), the first emperor of the Heian period (794–1185), and Emperor Komei (1831–1866), the last emperor to rule from Heiankyo."]
[2519,"京都府 ","平安神宮","その他","重要文化財","じゅうようぶんかざい","Important Cultural Property of Japan","大極殿（外拝殿）や応天門（正門）を含む建物の幾つかは、国の重要文化財に指定されています。","Several of these, including the Daigokuden (outer hall of worship) and the Otenmon Gate (main gate), are designated Important Cultural Properties of Japan."]
[2524,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","称名念仏","しょうみょうねんぶつ","a ritual invocation of the name of Amida Buddha","彼は称名念仏の修行を奨励した。","He encouraged the practice of reciting the nenbutsu, a ritual invocation of the name of Amida Buddha. "]
[2529,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","別当","べっとう","head","永観律師（1033-1111）は、京の貴族、源氏の家に生まれ、石清水八幡宮別当の養子になった。 ","Eikan (1033–1111) was born in Kyoto to the aristocratic Minamoto family and adopted by the head of Iwashimizu Hachimangū Shrine. "]
[2533,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","工芸・美術品","天龍図","てんりゅうず","rendition of a heavenly dragon (tenryūzu)","松僊が描いた天井には、大空を飛ぶ龍を題材にした天龍図が描かれている。 ","The ceiling, painted by Shōsen, features a rendition of a heavenly dragon (tenryūzu), a motif that is said to protect the temple from fire. "]
[2536,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","工芸・美術品","厨子","ずし","tabernacle","右側の台には3つの大きな厨子があり、そこには数体の小ぶりな地蔵像（左）、十一面観音像（中央）、および第七代住職の永観律師像（右）が安置されている。","The dais on the right holds three large tabernacles (zushi) containing several additional images, including those of the bodhisattva Jizō (left), the Eleven-headed Kannon (center), and Eikan, the seventh abbot of the temple (right)."]
[2543,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","動物","獏","ばく","mythological tapir-like creatures","門の両側の軒下には、一対の獏が簡素に彫刻されている。獏は悪夢や他の不運を追い払うと言われている神話上の生き物である。","Just under the eaves on either side of the gate are a pair of simplistically carved baku, mythological tapir-like creatures that are said to ward off bad dreams and other misfortunes."]
[2547,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","湖沼","心字池","しんじいけ","heart character pond","「心字池」は日本庭園の一般的な要素であり、隣の南禅寺を始め京都の多くの寺院で見ることができる。","A shinjiike, or “heart character pond,” is a common element of Japanese gardens and can be seen at many of Kyoto’s temples, including at neighboring Nanzenji Temple. "]
[2552,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","扁額","へんがく","framed tablet bearing the shrine’s name ","神社の名前が刻まれて注連縄の上にある扁額は太田垣連月によって書かれたものである。 ","The framed tablet bearing the shrine’s name that hangs above the sacred rope (shimenawa) was written by Rengetsu herself."]
[2557,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","肉髻","にっけい・にくけい","oval-shaped crown of hair","比較的ふっくらとした全体像、平らな長円形の肉髻（サンスクリット語でウシニシャ）と比較的大きめの螺髪は全て宋王朝（960–1279）時代に作られた仏像の特徴を示している。","The statue’s relatively full figure, the flatness of the oval-shaped crown of hair, or nikkei (Sanskrit: ushnisha), and its relatively large whorls (rahatsu) all show an influence from Buddhist paintings produced during the Song dynasty (960–1279). "]
[2559,"京都府 ","総本山　禅林寺","建造物等","温室","うんしつ・おんしつ","steam bath","この蒸し風呂（温室）は、江戸時代（1603〜1867）に現代的に復元したものである。","This steam bath (unshitsu) is a modern restoration of a building from the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[2564,"京都府 ","大原観光プロジェクトチーム","植物","しそ","しそ","Shiso","シソは、ハッカ科に属する多年草で、日本国外では「beefsteak plant」として知られています。緑色が多いが、大原の渓谷で生息している赤しその品種は、葉が赤紫で、野菜の漬け物作りに欠かせない材料です。","Shiso（perilla, also called Japanese basil), is a perennial herb that belongs to the mint family. A variety of red shiso that thrives in the valleys of Ohara is a key ingredient in pickled vegetables (tsukemono)."]
[2566,"京都府 ","大原観光プロジェクトチーム","工芸・美術品","阿弥陀如来像 ","あみだにょらいぞう","Amida Buddha Statue","阿弥陀如来像は、阿弥陀寺の本堂の祭壇の右側にあり、政府によって重要文化財に指定されています。","A wooden statue of Amida Buddha, the Buddha of Limitless Light, stands to the right of the altar in the main hall of Amida Temple. This statue, is an Important Cultural Asset. ","※阿弥陀寺説明文からから抜粋"]
[2571,"京都府 ","大原観光プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宸殿","しんでん","Shinden Main Hall","本堂である宸殿は、元々は三千院の設計の一部ではなく、京都の中心地にあった建物です。明治後期（1868-1912）に境内に追加されたものです。","The Shinden, or Main Hall, was not part of the original design for Sanzen-in Temple. In fact, it previously stood in central Kyoto and wasn’t moved to Sanzen-in until the late Meiji era (1868–1912). ","※三千院説明文から抜粋"]
[2576,"京都府 ","大原観光プロジェクトチーム","植物","不断桜","ふだんざくら","Fudan-zakura","しかし、実光院の敷地内にある「不断桜」のさまざまな枝は、世話をしている僧侶によると、花が咲く7か月の間に異なる時期に咲くと言います。その木の樹齢は約100年であると考えられている。 ","Typically, cherry trees bloom for only a few short weeks in March and April. According to the priests who tend this 100-year-old fudan-zakura, different limbs of the tree bloom at varying times over seven months. "]
[2580,"京都府 ","大原観光プロジェクトチーム","工芸・美術品","三如来坐像","さんにょらいざぞう","Three Main Buddhist Statues","3体の「本尊」は、薬師如来、釈迦如来、そして阿弥陀如来である。","The three main Buddhas are the Yakushi Nyorai Buddha, the Shakamuni Buddha, and the Amida Nyorai Buddha. ","※来迎院説明文から抜粋"]
[2587,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","建造物等","唐様","からよう","Chinese Tang-style","山城・大和地方（京都府から奈良県にかけての南部地域）の唐様建築の中で、もっとも古い建造物です。","Its construction is believed to have been ordered due to the religious conversion of the shogun at the time and is the oldest extant example of Chinese Tang-style temple architecture in the Yamashiro and Yamato areas (southern region of Kyoto prefecture including parts of Nara prefecture)."]
[2590,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","建造物等","一木造り","いちぼくづくり","one single piece of wood","寿宝寺の本尊は、平安時代（794－1185）後期に造られた一本造りの珍しい仏像です。","This statue of the Thousand-Armed Kannon Bodhisattva was made in the latter half of the Heian period (794–1185) from one single piece of wood."]
[2594,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","愛染明王","あいぜんみょうおう","Aizen Myo-o","「愛染明王」は、世俗的な欲望を精神的な悟りに変える仏様として広く知られています。","Aizen Myo-o is popularly known as a deity that transforms worldly desire into spiritual awakening."]
[2599,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","建造物等","茅葺き屋根","かやぶきやね","thatched roof","本堂は大きな茅葺き屋根を持つ17世紀の代表的な寺院建築であり、庭園では毎年干し柿が作られる柿の木が茂っています。","The main hall is an excellent example of seventeenth-century temple design, built with a large thatched roof, and the grounds are lush with persimmon trees."]
[2604,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四天王","してんのう","Shitenno","四天王","Shitenno (Four Heavenly Kings)"]
[2606,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","工芸・美術品","地蔵菩薩踏下像","じぞうぼさつふみさげぞう","Jizo Bosatsu fumisagezo","地蔵菩薩踏下蔵（延命地蔵）","Jizo Bosatsu fumisagezo (Life-Prolonging Jizo Bodhisattva)"]
[2611,"京都府","京都・南山城古寺等文化財普及推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","浄土","じょうど","Pure Land","浄土園のデザインは「浄土」を再現しようとしており、意識的な生活の過程の仏教の概念を呼び起こしています。","A Jodo Garden design attempts to replicate the Pure Land on earth and calls to mind Buddhist notions of conscientious living."]
[2618,"京都府","環境省京都御苑管理事務所","河川・渓谷","出水の小川","でみずのおがわ","Demizu Stream","出水の小川は御溝水から水を引いた小さなせせらぎです。","The Demizu Stream is a tiny brook that draws its water from the Mikawa-mizu."]
[2622,"京都府","環境省京都御苑管理事務所","植物","椋の木","むくのき","muku tree","この神々しい樹齢300年の古木は、公家の清水谷家の邸宅の敷地内に数本ある椋の木のうちのひとつです","This venerable muku tree (Aphananthe aspera) has stood in the estate garden of the noble Shimizudani family for over 300 years."]
[2623,"京都府","環境省京都御苑管理事務所","史跡","縣井","あがたい","Agatai","縣井という名は、すでに十世紀には、著名な『大和物語』や、二番目の勅撰和歌集である『後撰和歌集』といった、重要な文学作品に現れています。"," The name “Agatai” appears as early as the 10th century in two important works of literature, the famous Tales of Yamato (Yamato-monogatari) and the Gosen wakashu, the second anthology of poetry ever commissioned by a reigning emperor.   "]
[2628,"京都府","環境省京都御苑管理事務所","芸能・興行・イベント","博覧会","はくらんかい","exposition","京都の伝統的な工業製品を紹介するために、1871年、西本願寺で博覧会を開催することを決定します。","In order to showcase the traditional industrial products of the city, it was decided to hold Japan’s first exposition at Nishi Honganji Temple in 1871. "]
[2634,"京都府","環境省京都御苑管理事務所","年中行事","即位式","そくいしき"," enthronement","大正天皇の即位式の準備では、建礼門前の道幅の拡張工事や、外壁沿いのウバメガシの植林などが行われました。","Preparations began for the enthronement of the Emperor’s heir Taisho (1879–1926) when he succeeded to his father’s position, including the widening of the path in front of the Kenrei-mon Gate, and the planting of ubame oaks along the perimeter walls."]
[2637,"京都府","環境省京都御苑管理事務所","建造物等","仙洞御所","せんとうごしょ","Sento Imperial Palace","仙洞御所は退位した天皇の邸宅として1630年に建てられたものです。","Sento Imperial Palace was built in 1630 as the residence for retired emperors."]
[2641,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","組織・団体","宮内庁","くないちょう","Imperial Household Agency ","宮内庁が天皇に敬意を払って墓の内部調査をしていないため、誰の墓であったのかはおろか、何人が墓に埋められているのかも確認することはできない。","Since the Imperial Household Agency has not allowed excavation of the site out of respect for the Emperor, it is impossible to confirm who or even how many people have been entombed in the mound."]
[2646,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","動物","モズ","もず","bull-headed shrikes","公園はバードウォッチングに最適だ。キジや、ホトトギスや 、モズ、コゲラなどが観察できる。","The park is popular for bird watching, as pheasants, lesser cuckoos, bull-headed shrikes, pygmy woodpeckers and other birds can be observed there. "]
[2651,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","その他","鉄鋌","てってい","slabs of raw iron","鉄鋌という鉄板や鉄の武具もまた展示されている。","Slabs of raw iron called tettei and sets of iron armor are also on display. "]
[2657,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","史跡","発掘","はっくつ","excavation","完全に発掘することは宮内庁によって許されてはいないものの、1988 年に古墳の南側と西側の部分的な発掘が行われた。","While the Imperial Household Agency has forbidden a full-scale excavation of the mound, archaeologists were permitted to conduct a small excavation on the south and west sides of the tomb in 1988. "]
[2658,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","史跡","石棺","せっかん","sarcophagus","専門家は石に覆われた板は石棺であると考えているが、誰の墓であったかはわかっていない。","Experts believe that the stone-covered shaft leads down to a sarcophagus, but it is yet unknown who is interred there. "]
[2666,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","植物","紅葉","もみじ\nこうよう","foliage","夏から秋に変わるころには、鮮やかな紅葉が古墳を彩る。","As summer shifts into autumn, bright foliage covers the mounds."]
[2669,"大阪府 ","百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議","植物","柿","かき","persimmon"," 柿、サクランボ、梅などの多様な木々が、今も古墳の斜面と土台部を覆っている。","A variety of trees, including persimmon, cherry, and plum, still cover the slopes and base of the mound. "]
[2675,"大阪府 ","大阪城パークマネジメント株式会社","建造物等","金箔瓦","きんぱくがわら","gilded tiles","初代の金箔瓦で飾られた天守閣は後に天下人となった豊臣秀吉（1537–1598）によって16世紀後半に建造された。","The first, an impressive structure decorated with gilded tiles, was built in the late sixteenth century by Hideyoshi Toyotomi (1537–1598), then Japan’s most powerful warlord."]
[2676,"大阪府 ","大阪城パークマネジメント株式会社","建造物等","照明器具","しょうめいきぐ","light fixtures ","1995年から1997年には大阪城の大規模な修繕が行われ、天守閣の外壁全体のクリーニングおよび改修、照明設備の設置、カーボンファイバーや鉄筋による梁や柱の補強が施された。","Between 1995 and 1997, the castle underwent a major restoration, during which the tower’s entire exterior was cleaned and repaired, light fixtures were added, and the beams and columns were reinforced with steel plates and carbon fiber."]
[2681,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","建造物等","襖","ふすま","interior doors","たとえば、西の丸内部の襖のデザインは、ここがかつて侍女たちの居住空間であったことを示している。","The design of the interior doors in the West Bailey, for example, indicate that it was once used as living quarters for ladies-in-waiting."]
[2684,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","工芸・美術品","火縄銃","ひなわじゅう","matchlock guns","天井近くの小さな窓は火縄銃から出る煙を排出し、包囲攻撃されている際に視界を確保する役目を果たした。","Small windows near the ceiling vented smoke from the matchlock guns, to improve visibility during a siege."]
[2692,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","狭間","さま","loopholes","姫路城の壁には997の狭間がある。","There are 997 loopholes built into the walls of Himeji Castle. "]
[2693,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","建造物等","黒漆","くろうるし","black lacquer","小天守の2つは、天守閣の隣の西側と北西側に、仏教寺院から借用したデザインである黒漆と金箔で装飾された鐘形の窓を備えている。","Two of the smaller keeps, on the west and northwest sides next to the main keep, feature bell-shaped windows decorated with black lacquer and gold leaf, a design borrowed from Buddhist temples."]
[2699,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","その他","寸","すん","sun (3.0303cm)","それぞれ直径が4寸，すなわち12.12センチメートル","(…) each at least four sun, or 12.12 centimeters, in diameter"]
[2704,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","建造物等","代赭","たいしゃ","taisha","その中には松の木の葉を作るために使われた緑と枝を描くために使われた｢代赭｣と呼ばれる赤みがかった茶色があった。","They identified several pigments, including two kinds of green that were used to create the tree’s needles, and a reddish-brown paint called taisha that was used for the branches. "]
[2709,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","その他","備前地方","びぜんちほう","province of Bizen","彼の一族も近くの備前と淡路地方を支配し、池田家は西日本の最も強力な軍隊となった。","His clan also ruled the nearby provinces of Bizen and Awaji, making the Ikeda clan the most powerful force in western Japan."]
[2713,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","中書丸","ちゅうしょまる","Chūshomaru","そして城は二人のために豪華な邸宅を取り入れるために拡張され、西の丸に中書丸と化粧(装飾の意味)櫓が、大手門近くの三の丸に武蔵野御殿が加えられた。","The castle was expanded to incorporate luxurious residences for the couple, leading to the addition of the Chūshomaru and the Keshō (ornamental) Tower in the West Bailey, and the Musashino Goten in the Third Bailey, near the Ōtemon Gate."]
[2716,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","大手門","おおてもん","Ōtemon Gate","そして城は二人のために豪華な邸宅を取り入れるために拡張され、西の丸に中書丸と化粧(装飾の意味)櫓が、大手門近くの三の丸に武蔵野御殿が加えられた。","The castle was expanded to incorporate luxurious residences for the couple, leading to the addition of the Chūshomaru and the Keshō (ornamental) Tower in the West Bailey, and the Musashino Goten in the Third Bailey, near the Ōtemon Gate."]
[2723,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","社会","戊辰戦争","ぼしんせんそう","Boshin War","戊辰戦争(1868-1869)、それは新明治政府と追放された徳川の支持者を戦わせたものだったが、そのときは姫路出身の兵士が15代で最後の将軍である慶喜(1837-1913)を大阪城で守った。","During the Boshin War (1868–1869), which pitted supporters of the ousted Tokugawa against the new Meiji government, soldiers from Himeji protected the fifteenth and last shogun, Yoshinobu (1837–1913), at Osaka Castle."]
[2727,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","建造物等","シャチ","しゃち","shachi","シャチは日本の城の屋根に飾られる神話上の魚に似た生き物であり、それらは火事や他の脅威から建物を守ると信じられていた。","Shachi, mythical fish-like creatures that adorn the roofs of Japanese castles, were believed to protect the buildings from fire and other threats. "]
[2728,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","内郭","うちくるわ","uchi-kuruwa","｢内郭｣にある貯蔵所、それは城の中央の防衛環であるが、食料と燃料が入れられており包囲されたときには侍の兵舎として倍にすることができた。","Storehouses in the uchi-kuruwa—the castle town’s central defensive ring—contained food and fuel and could double as samurai barracks during a siege. "]
[2732,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","建造物等","建具技術","たてぐぎじゅつ","joinery technique","梁と床梁を延長するために使用された建具技術","Joinery technique used to extend beams and floor joists"]
[2739,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","建造物等","窯","かま","kiln","姫路城の高度な耐性を持つ瓦は窯で摂氏1,150度で2時間から3時間焼いて作られた。","Himeji Castle’s highly durable roof tiles were fired in a kiln at 1,150 degrees Celsius for two to three hours. "]
[2744,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","芸能・興行・イベント","連歌","れんが","linked poems (renga) ","幸千代の生まれた年に詠まれた詩のために作られた｢船｣を主題とする一連の詩(連歌)","A set of linked poems (renga) on the theme “ships,” composed for a poetry reading in the year of Kōchiyo’s birth."]
[2746,"兵庫県 ","姫路市","書物","御所歩行東日記","ごしょほこうあずまにっき","Gosho Hokō Azuma Nikki","御所歩行東日記：将軍の城の内部の女性区域の挿し絵の入った日記","Gosho Hokō Azuma Nikki, an illustrated diary of life in the women’s quarters of the shogun’s castle"]
[2751,"兵庫県 ","Visit Kinosaki戦略会議","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","ryokan","城崎温泉観光の大きな目玉は日本の伝統的な旅館での宿泊です。","One major highlight of visiting Kinosaki Onsen is staying in a traditional Japanese inn or ryokan. "]
[2756,"兵庫県 ","Visit Kinosaki戦略会議","芸能・興行・イベント","祭り","まつり","matsuri","日本の地方祭（祭り）を体験し、城崎の人々にとって温泉がどれほど重要なのかを理解するにはうってつけの方法です。","it’s a great way to experience a local Japanese festival (matsuri) and understand how important the onsen are to the local inhabitants. "]
[2762,"兵庫県 ","Visit Kinosaki戦略会議","工芸・美術品","杞柳細工","りゅうざいく","kiryu zaiku","この産業がこの地域で初めて勢いづいた時、豊岡は杞柳細工、つまり、保管や輸送に使われるアイテムを主とした柳細工の制作に焦点を置いていました。","When the industry first picked up in the area, Toyooka was focused on the creation of kiryu zaiku, or willow wickerwork craft that featured items used for storage and transportation."]
[2763,"兵庫県 ","Visit Kinosaki戦略会議","城跡・城郭・宮殿","隅櫓","すみやぐら","sumi yagura","明治時代（1868〜1912年）の1968年、明治維新中に城の一部が倒壊しましたが、隅櫓（角に設けた櫓）は1968年に、登城門と登城橋は1994年に復元されました。","After the Tokugawa regime case to and end, in 1868 the castle building was demolished, but parts of it were reconstructed, including the sumi yagura (corner tower) in 1968 and the Tojo gate and bridge in 1994."]
[2770,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","建造物等","石垣","いしがき","stones\n","道路の両側を支えるために使われた大きな石垣はその縁に沿って見ることができます。","Large stones used to support the sides of the road are visible along one edge."]
[2774,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","組織・団体","薩摩代表団","さつまだいひょうだん","Satsuma delegation","1865年の薩摩代表団の一人朝倉盛明(1843－1925)とフランス人技師レオン･シスレー(1847－78)が3年を掛けて完成させました。","It took Asakura Moriaki (1843–1925), a member of the 1865 Satsuma delegation, and French engineer Leon Sisley (1847–1878) three years to complete. "]
[2779,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","集落・街","宿場町","しゅくばまち"," post town","屋形町は北部の鉱山と姫路の港とを行き交う旅人たちの宿場町として1600年代まで栄えていました。","The town of Yakatamachi prospered as a post town for travelers journeying between the northern mines and the port of Himeji as far back as the 1600s. "]
[2784,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","乗物","馬車","ばしゃ","horse-drawn carriages","観光案内所には，改築された屋敷がありその隣には元の粟賀の馬車の驛(ウマヤ)があり，そこで馬車が播但線からの旅人の馬車の乗継場所になっていました。","A visitor’s center occupies a renovated home beside the former Awaga horse station (umaya), where travelers from the Bantan train line would change horse-drawn carriages."]
[2786,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","建造物等","店舗","てんぽ","storefront\n","屋敷の玄関にある部屋は，茶，醤油，酒など含む商品を売る店舗として使われていました。","The front rooms of the home were used as a storefront to sell goods, including tea, soy sauce, and sake. "]
[2791,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","食","ハヤシライス","ハヤシライス","hayashi rice","地元の名物は｢ハヤシライス｣でそれはご飯と一緒に出されるビーフシチューに似た料理です。","A local specialty is “hayashi rice,” a dish similar to beef stew served with rice. "]
[2793,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","その他","それぞれ","それぞれ","respectively","神子畑橋と羽淵橋はそれぞれ1885年，1887年に完成しました。","The Mikobata and Habuchi bridges were completed in 1885 and 1887, respectively. "]
[2798,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","建造物等","鉄道","鉄道","railway","明延鉱山明神電車は明延から山のトンネルを通り神子畑精錬工場まで鉱石を運ぶために1929年に建設された6キロメートルある鉄道でした。","The Akenobe Mine Meishin Train was a six-kilometer electric railway built in 1929 to carry ore from Akenobe through the mountain tunnel to Mikobata’s ore processing plant. "]
[2803,"兵庫県","日本遺産「銀の馬車道・鉱石の道」推進協議会","その他","自然金","しぜんきん","native gold","見つけられた最も美しいものの一つは626グラムある石英と融合した自然金で，首都ワシントンのスミソニアン博物館に展示されています。"," One of the most stunning pieces found, 626 grams of native gold fused with quartz, is exhibited at the Smithsonian Museum in Washington DC. "]
[2809,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","薬師如来","やくしにょらい","Yakushi Nyorai","釈迦三尊像の東側に設置されている薬師如来の像は、聖徳太子の病に苦しんだ父、用明天皇（518〜587）を弔うための像である。","This statue of Yakushi Nyorai, the Buddha of healing and medicine, in the Main Hall at Horyuji Temple, was made for Emperor Yomei (518–587). "]
[2814,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","中門","ちゅうもん","chumon","堂々たる中門は塔と金堂のある法隆寺の中心伽藍への入り口である。","The magnificent Middle Gate marks the entrance to the inner temple area where the pagoda and main hall are located. "]
[2817,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","エンタシス","えんたしす","entashisu","伽藍の中の柱の多くは、真ん中が少しふくらんだ、「エンタシス」と呼ばれる形状である。これは古代ギリシャの建築からの影響である可能性があると考えられている。","Many of the pillars in the temple complex bulge slightly in the middle, a feature known as entasis that historians suggest can be traced back to the influence of ancient Greece."]
[2821,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大宝蔵院","だいほうぞういん","daihozoin","大宝蔵院は、1998年に建設された宝物館である。","The Great Treasure Gallery was built in 1998."]
[2826,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","橘夫人","たちばなふじん","Tachibana fujin","橘夫人は、第45代天皇の聖武天皇（701〜756年）の妃である光明皇后（701〜760年）の母親である。","Lady Tachibana was the mother of Empress Komyo (701–760), who was the consort of Emperor Shomu (701–756), Japan’s 45th emperor."]
[2831,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","救世観音","ぐぜかんのん","Guze Kannon","7世紀につくられた高さ179cmのこの観音像は、法隆寺の宝物の中でも最も謎めいた存在のひとつである。","This seventh-century statue of Guze Kannon is one of Horyuji Temple’s most mysterious treasures. "]
[2833,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","食堂","じきどう","jikido","日本語の「食堂」は、今日では一般的には「しょくどう」と読み、レストランや食事をする場所という意味で使われているが、古代においては、食べることそのものが信仰のひとつのかたちであり、食堂は祈りの場でもあった。","The Japanese word jikido is today more commonly pronounced shokudo, meaning restaurant or dining room, but in the ancient past eating itself served as a form of religious practice and the refectory was also a place of prayer. "]
[2841,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","塑像","そぞう","sozo","その塑像の四つの場面は、東側では維摩居士が、仏教の知恵の神である文殊菩薩と問答を行っている。","The figures playing the central roles are surrounded by priests, attendees, ministers, and other more minor participants."]
[2844,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","三経院","さんぎょういん","Sangyo in\n","1077〜81年の頃に焼失し、1231年に南側を三経院とし、後方を西室とする建物として再建されたもので、1955年に国宝に指定されている。","The Sangyo-in was rebuilt in 1231 and the Nishimuro in 1268 after fires destroyed the original buildings. "]
[2849,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","観世音","かんぜおん","Kanzeon","仏教の伝承では、観世音は苦しみの兆候について世界を見渡す。 ","In Buddhist lore, Kannon surveys the world looking for signs of suffering."]
[2850,"奈良県","法隆寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法起寺","ほっきじ","Hokiji","法起寺は、飛鳥時代（593〜710年）に日本に仏教を広めた政治家である聖徳太子（574–622）によって設立された7つの偉大な仏教寺院の1つである。","Hokiji Temple is one of the seven great Buddhist temples founded by Prince Shotoku (574–622), a statesman who spread Buddhism throughout Japan during the Asuka period (593–710)."]
[2856,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","東金堂","とうこんどう","tokondo","東金堂は聖武天皇（701〜756年）の命により、その叔母である元正上皇（683〜748年）の病気回復を祈願して建立された。","The original Eastern Golden Hall was built at the behest of Emperor Shomu (701–756) to pray for the recovery of his sick aunt, the retired Empress Gensho (683–748)."]
[2861,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","沙羯羅","さから","sakara","この像は、インドのナーガ（蛇または龍）の王ナーガラージャから派生した神である沙羯羅を表している。","Sakara is a mythological being derived from Nagaraja, the Indian king of the nāgas (snakes or dragons) and one of Kofukuji’s set of Eight Kinds of Mythological Beings."]
[2864,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","乾闥婆","けんだつば","kendatsuba","これは八部衆の一人、乾闥婆の像である。乾闥婆はもともとは天上でヒンドゥー教の神インドラに仕えていた楽人である。","Kendatsuba is one of the Eight Kinds of Mythological Beings, depicting a musician originally serving in the paradise of the Hindu god Indra."]
[2868,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","須菩提","すぼだい","subodai","須菩提の像は、楽しげな若い僧の姿で描かれている。仏陀の弟子、阿難陀（アーナンダ）の標準的な描写と非常に近い。","Subodai is depicted as a cheerful young monk, closely matching canonical descriptions of Buddha’s disciple Ananda."]
[2873,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","釈迦如来","しゃかにょらい","shaka nyorai","この像は仏教の創始者である仏陀＝釈迦牟尼の像である。仏陀は約2,600年前に悟りを得て、衆生を救済することを誓った。","Shaka Nyorai is another name for Shakyamuni, the fifth-century founder of Buddhism, who attained awakening and vowed to save sentient beings. "]
[2878,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天燈鬼","てんとうき","tentoki","天燈鬼（「燈明を頭の上に載せている悪鬼」）の作者は不明だが、間違いなく同じ時期につくられた。","The sculptor of Tentoki (“Demon Carrying a Lantern on its Head”) is unknown, but it dates to the same period. "]
[2884,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","弥勒菩薩","みろくぼさつ","miroku bosatsu","仏教の伝統によると、弥勒は仏陀釈迦牟尼の直接の後継者であり、56億 7千万年後にこの世界に生まれ、次なる仏陀となる。","According to Buddhist tradition, Maitreya is the immediate successor of the historical Buddha Shakyamuni, and will be born in this world in 5.67 billion years to become its next Buddha."]
[2888,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","華原磬","かげんけい","kagenkei","もともと、この楽器は「金鼓（こんく）」と呼ばれていたが、室町時代（1336〜1573年）までには華原磬または華原の鉦と呼ばれるようになっていた。","Originally this instrument was known as the Golden Drum, but by the Muromachi period (1336–1573), it was called Kagenkei, or Kagen Gong, in reference to China’s Huayuan region, known as Kagen in Japanese."]
[2891,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","書物","日本霊異記","にほんりょういき","nihon ryoiki","これは「日本霊異記」の904年の写本である。この書物は787年から824年の間の時期に僧である景戒が書いたものである。","This is a manuscript copy, dated to 904, of the Nihon Ryoiki, which has been translated as Miraculous Stories from the Japanese Buddhist Tradition."]
[2896,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","文殊","もんじゅ","monju","文殊は大乗仏教における偉大な菩薩のうちの一人である。","Monju (Manjushri) is one of the great bodhisattvas of the Mahayana Buddhist tradition."]
[2902,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西塔","さいとう","Saito\n","薬師寺は、東塔と対称的な位置に建てられた西塔の建築により、2つの塔を備えた日本初の寺院です。","Yakushiji was Japan’s first temple to feature a pair of pagodas, with the West Pagoda (Saito) built to flank the Main Hall in symmetry with the East Pagoda."]
[2903,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","薬師三尊像","やくしさんそんぞう","Yakushi sanson zo","金堂は薬師寺の本堂であり、寺院の本尊である薬師三尊像を祀る目的で建てられました。","The main worship hall at Yakushiji, the Kondo, was built to enshrine the temple’s principal images, the Yakushi Triad."]
[2908,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","論議","ろんぎ","rongi","大講堂の内部では、2つの論義台が演台として機能します。","Inside the Daikodo are two pulpits serving as lecterns, where monks come face to face in discussions and debate, their voices amplified by the high ceilings of the hall."]
[2911,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","社会","万葉仮名","まんようがな","Manyogana","万葉仮名は、奈良時代（710〜794）に編集された日本最古の和歌の歌集、万葉集で使用されました。 ","Each poem is written in man’yogana, the ancient Japanese syllabary in which Chinese characters were employed to represent only sounds rather than meanings, as they do today. "]
[2919,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","休ヶ岡八幡宮","やすみがおかはちまんぐう","Yasumigaoka Hachimangu","薬師寺の南門から出ると、日本の神聖な守護者であり戦いの守護神である八幡の神を祀る社であり、寺の鎮守の社でもある休ヶ岡八幡宮があります。","Just outside the south gate of Yakushiji is Yasumigaoka Hachimangu, a shrine dedicated to the deity Hachiman, the divine protector of Japan and guardian deity of warriors. "]
[2921,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","食堂","じきどう","jikido","薬師寺の北側には、長さ41メートルの印象的な赤と白の建物があります。これは、再建された寺院の食堂です。","On the north side of the Yakushiji temple complex stands a striking, 41-meter-long red and white building, which is a reconstruction of the temple’s Dining Hall, or Jikido. "]
[2926,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","脱活乾漆造","だっかつかんしつぞう","dakkatsu kanshinnzo","高さは3メートルを越え、奈良時代に盛んに用いられた「脱活乾漆造」と呼ばれる技法によって造形されています。","This eighth-century statue, which stands more than 3 meters high, was made using the hollow-core dry lacquer technique, which was at its height during the Nara period (710–794). "]
[2931,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","弥勒菩薩","みろくぼさつ","Miroku bosatsu","後継者として、弥勒は、地上に現れ、悟りを開き、仏教の信仰を復活させる時が来るまで、神聖な存在の住居である兜率天で待つよう課されました。 ","Miroku was thought to be waiting in his Tushita Heaven until it was time to appear on earth, attain full enlightenment, and revive the Buddhist faith."]
[2935,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松尾芭蕉","まつおばしょう","Matsuo Basho","講堂の北東、開山堂に続く石段の左側には、17世紀の著名な俳人松尾芭蕉の記念碑があります。","Northeast of the Lecture Hall (Kodo) and on the left side of the stone steps leading up to the Kaizando lies a monument to the eminent seventeenth century poet Matsuo Basho (1644–1694). "]
[2938,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","邪鬼","じゃき","jaki"," 興味深いことに、これらの邪鬼は恐ろしい性質を帯びることを意図していましたが、最近では多くの訪問者に愛されており、「隅鬼」と呼ばれています。","Interestingly, while these jaki blocks were intended to be frightening, in more recent years many visitors have in fact found them to be endearing, leading them to be nicknamed sumi oni, or “corner demons.”"]
[2943,"奈良県","ロータスロード多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","鬼子母神","きしぼじん","kishibojin","寺院の北部には、鬼子母神に捧げられた別の社があります。これは、拉致された子どもたちの肉を自分の子に食べさせることで知られる神話上の女神であり悪魔です。","In the northern part of the temple is another shrine devoted to Kishibojin, a mythical demon-turned-goddess known for feeding the flesh of abducted children to her own offspring, who numbered in the hundreds. "]
[2949,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","入母屋造","いりもやづくり","irimoya zukuri","日本風の「入母屋造」と呼ばれる屋根の構造と、幅が16.3メートルある縁側を特徴としている。","The roof is constructed in the Japanese hip-and-gable style (irimoya-zukuri)."]
[2954,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大安寺","だいあんじ","Daian ji","日本最古の仏教寺院のひとつである大安寺は、熊凝精舎にその起源がある。","One of Japan’s oldest Buddhist temples, Daianji Temple has undergone several transformations and name changes since its initial construction. Its origins lie in Kumagori Monastery"]
[2955,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","菩薩観音","ぼさつかんのん","bosatsu kannon","高さ190.5センチメートルのこの像は、しばしば慈悲の女神と呼ばれる仏教の菩薩観音像である。","Standing 190.5 centimeters tall, this statue of the bodhisattva Kannon dates from the late eighth century."]
[2959,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","植物","カキツバタ","かきつばた","kakitsubata","この庭園は多くのカキツバタの花が有名で、毎年春に一斉に紫色の花弁を開く。","The garden is celebrated for its many Japanese irises (Iris laevigata), which bloom in an explosion of violet petals in May, to the delight of visitors. "]
[2966,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大茶盛式","おおちゃもりしき","Ochamori-shiki","始まりから750年以上たった今も、大茶盛は西大寺の人気の行事として受け継がれている。","More than 750 years after Eison introduced it, the Ochamori-shiki Tea Ceremony continues to be a popular event at Saidaiji."]
[2968,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","愛染明王","あいぜんみょうおう","Aizen myo-o","これは仏教における知恵の王（明王）の一人である愛染明王の像である。","Aizen Myo-o is one of the Wisdom Kings in Buddhist belief."]
[2973,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宝相華","ほうそうげ","hosoge","光背には薬師如来を含む、東方にある七つの浄土(仏国士)の教主たちが描かれているほか、「宝相華」と呼ばれる花の文様と蔓も描かれている。","Scholars believe the statue was originally a Yakushi Nyorai (the Buddha of Healing), as its halo is adorned with the seven buddhas of the eastern pure lands, as well as hosoge floral patterns and vines. "]
[2978,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","弁財天","べんざいてん","benzaiten","弁財天は知恵や音楽と関係がある。","Benzaiten is both a Buddhist deity and a female kami associated with wisdom and music."]
[2982,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法輪寺","ほうりんじ","horinji","法輪寺の創建の年代ははっきりしていないが、基礎的な物語が2つ存在している。","There are two stories of how Horinji Temple, also known as Miidera, came to be."]
[2989,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","海龍王寺","かいりゅうおうじ","kairyuoji","海龍王寺の本尊であるこの像は、仏教の慈悲の女神として知られている慈悲の菩薩、観音の像である。","This statue of Kannon, also known as the bodhisattva of mercy, is the principal object of worship at Kairyuoji Temple."]
[2990,"奈良県","八十八面観音多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","玄昉","げんぼう","Genbo","寺にまつわる重要な物語には、仏教の僧、玄昉が登場する。","An early temple narrative relates that the eighth-century Buddhist priest Genbo had an important part in shaping Kairyuoji’s history."]
[2997,"奈良県","吉野町多言語解説協議会","その他","陀羅尼助","だらにすけ","Daranisuke","近年、陀羅尼助丸は、ビーガンやオーガニック製品を購入する人々の間で人気を博しています。","In recent years, Daranisuke-Gan has become popular among vegans and people who buy organic products. "]
[3001,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","朱","しゅ","vermillion","4つの本殿に本朱を使っているのは春日大社だけです。","The vermillion used for the main four main shrine buildings is used only at Kasuga Shrine."]
[3006,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","比売神","ひめがみ","spouse of Ame no Koyane no Mikoto, a goddess called Himegami","春日大社には、武甕槌命(たけみかづちのみこと、雷の神)と別の三柱の神、経津主命（ふつぬしのみこと、剣の神）、天児屋根命（あめのこやねのみこと、知恵の神） 、比売神（ひめがみ、天児屋根命の妻である女神)の4柱の神が祀られています。","Four deities are enshrined at Kasuga Taisha Shrine: Takemikazuchi no Mikoto, the god of thunder; Futsunushi no Mikoto, the god of swords; Ame no Koyane no Mikoto, the god of wisdom; and the spouse of Ame no Koyane no Mikoto, a goddess called Himegami. "]
[3008,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","釣灯籠","つりどうろう","bronze hanging lanterns","釣燈籠に火が点され、現在ここでは、毎年春日大社で行われる万燈籠が再現されています。","It now houses a display of bronze hanging lanterns that are lit to recreate the atmosphere of Mandoro, the annual lantern festival held at Kasuga Taisha Shrine."]
[3013,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","末社","まっしゃ","subsidiary shrine","周辺には15社の末社があり、人々が生きている間に遭遇する難儀から守ってくれる様々な神々を祀っています。","There are fifteen other subsidiary shrines, each honoring a Shinto deity that offers protection against the various troubles experienced in everyday life."]
[3020,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仁王","におう","two fierce warriors","こうした特徴は、日本の多くの仏教寺院の入口に置かれ、守護している仁王像にも見られます。","This “aum” feature can be seen at temples across Japan, including in the statues of two fierce warriors, or Nio, that are  found in Niomon, Nio gates."]
[3024,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","勅使","ちょくし","Emperor's envoy","毎年、祭が始まる前に、天皇からの使者がこの着到殿で、古式に則り特別な儀式が執り行われます。","The festival is held to pray for the peace of the Japanese nation and its people, and special ancient rites are performed here by the Emperor's envoy at the start of the festival. "]
[3025,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","山岳","霊山","れいざん","sacred mountain","一之鳥居は、春日大社の東にそびえる霊山、御蓋山の真西に建っています。","This gate lies directly west of Mt. Mikasa, the sacred mountain east of Kasuga Taisha Shrine. "]
[3030,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","十一面観音","じゅういちめんかんのん","the Eleven-Faced Kannon, the goddess of mercy","仏教徒はこれらの同じ神々を、それぞれ釈迦如来（釈迦）、薬師如来（医学と癒しの仏）、地蔵菩薩（衆生を救う仏）、そして十一面観音（慈悲の仏）として崇めて参りました。","These gods are also worshipped by Buddhists respectively, as Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, Yakushi Nyorai, the bodhisattva of medicine and healing, Jizo, the savior of all sentient beings, and the Eleven-Faced Kannon, the goddess of mercy. "]
[3036,"奈良県","奈良県地域観光資源多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","絵馬","えま","votive tablets","参拝者はこの神からの恩恵を期待して、お参りをし、ハート型の絵馬に願いを書きます。","Pilgrims write their wishes or prayers on heart-shaped votive tablets and dedicate them in the hope that the kami will fulfill their wishes."]
[3041,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","集落・街","町石道","ちょういしみち","Choishi Michi (Stone Marker Trail) ","町石道(Stone Marker Trail)は、山の麓にある慈尊院と高野山の壇上伽藍にある奥之院をつなぐ参詣道です。","The Choishi Michi (Stone Marker Trail) is a pilgrimage route that connects Jisonin Temple, at the foot of the mountain, to Okunoin Temple in the monastic complex of Koyasan. "]
[3044,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","壇上伽藍","だんじょうがらん","Danjo Garan temple","これらの二つの鳥居は、実相院から壇上伽藍の仏舎利塔までの道のりを3分の1ほど行ったところを示す120町石という町石道沿いの道標の近くに立っています。","These two torii gates stand near the 120th stone marker along the Choishi Michi (Stone Marker Trail), about one-third of the way between Jisonin Temple and the stupa in the Danjo Garan temple complex in Koyasan."]
[3048,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","史跡","六地蔵と矢立の墓地林","ろくじぞうとやたてのぼちばやし","The Six Jizo Statues and Yatate Funerary Grounds","ろくじぞうとやたてのぼちばやし","The Six Jizo Statues and Yatate Funerary Grounds","※スポット名"]
[3054,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","蛇腹路","じゃばらみち","Jabara Michi: Dragon’s-Belly Path","壇上伽藍と金剛峯寺をつなぐ小さな道は、蛇腹道（dragon’s-belly path）と呼ばれています。","This small path connecting the Danjo Garan temple complex to Kongobuji Temple is called the Jabara Michi, or “dragon’s-belly path.”"]
[3059,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","山岳","三谷坂","みたにざか","Mitanizaka Trail","三谷坂","Mitanizaka Trail","※スポット名"]
[3060,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","丹生酒殿神社","にうさかどのじんじゃ","Niusakadono Jinja Shrine","三谷坂は、丹生都比売という女神が地上に降り立った場所と言われる丹生酒殿神社を、峠を経由して姉妹神社の丹生都比売神社まで繋ぐ参詣道です。","This trail connects Niusakadono Jinja Shrine, where the goddess Niutsuhime is said to have descended to earth, to Niutsuhime Jinja Shrine via a mountain pass."]
[3068,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","弥勒堂","みろくどう","Mirokudo Hall","弥勒堂","Mirokudo Hall","※スポット名"]
[3071,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","岩石・洞窟","下乗石","げじょういし","Gejou Ishi (Dismounting Stone)","下乗石","Gejou Ishi (Dismounting Stone)","※スポット名"]
[3076,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","子安地蔵寺","こやすじぞう","Koyasujizo Temple","子安地蔵寺という丘の頂上に建てられた小さな建物は、樹齢100年の藤が敷地のあちこちで蔓を伸ばし、5月初旬には紫色の花を咲かせる「花の寺」として知られています。","A small structure perched on top of a hill, Koyasujizo Temple is known as the “flower temple” for the long trellises of 100-year-old wisteria trees that wind around the grounds and bloom purple in early May. "]
[3077,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","応其寺","おうごうじ","Ogo Temple","応其寺","Ogo Temple","※スポット名"]
[3083,"和歌山県","橋本・伊都広域観光協議会","工芸・美術品","紀州へら竿","きしゅうへらざお","Kishu Hera Zao ","100年以上にわたり、橋本の職人たちは地元に茂る竹の一種を使って紀州へら竿と呼ばれる手作りのしなやかな釣り竿を生産してきました。","For over 100 years, Hashimoto craftsmen have been creating the flexible handmade fishing rods known as kishu hera zao from a type of bamboo that grows profusely in the area."]
[3087,"和歌山県","高野山多言語解説整備推進協議会","植物","常緑樹","こうりゃくじゅ","evergreen","斜面にはコウヤマキが生えています。この常緑樹は日本の固有種で、2億年以上もの間この地に植生しています。","The slopes are also home to koyamaki, or Japanese umbrella pines, an evergreen species unique to Japan that has grown here for over 200 million years. ","※植物の話をしているため常緑樹の「樹」は[種（species)」で省略"]
[3094,"和歌山県","高野山多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","真言密教","しんごんみっきょう","Shingon sect of Buddhism","この不動堂は一般公開ではございませんが、真言密教において特に尊ばれている不動明王（サンスクリット語ではAcala と呼ばれています）と、不動明王につき従う8人の八大童子が祀られています。","The hall, which is not open to the public, enshrines images of Fudo Myoo, known in Sanskrit as Acala, a highly venerated deity in the Shingon sect of Buddhism, along with his eight attendants."]
[3095,"和歌山県","高野山多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","在来種","ざいらいしゅ","native species","この森は本州北部の在来種と温帯系の二次林が並んで自然に生息している、日本では珍しい場所の1つです。","This forest is one of the few places in Japan where native species from northern Honshu grow naturally alongside a secondary forest of temperate zone plants. "]
[3101,"和歌山県","高野山多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","弟子","でし","disciples","その後は、想いが引き継がれ、弟子であり継承者の真善大徳が中心となって弟子たちによって弘法大師が弘法大師の思い描く壇上伽藍を実現しました。","Thereafter, his disciple and successor, Daitoku Shinzen, along with a number of other disciples, spearheaded the effort to complete the grand Danjo Garan complex that Kobo Daishi had envisioned."]
[3106,"和歌山県","高野山多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","擁護者","ようごしゃ","patroness","その時からずっと、この女神は、高野山の重要な守護者、擁護者です。","Since that time, the goddess has been an important protector and patroness of Koyasan.","※女性の神の話であるため女性形単語の「patroness」と使用します。男性形は「patron]になります。"]
[3111,"和歌山県","高野山多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","空海","くうかい","Kukai","この3つの山は、奥之院にある、空海とも呼ばれ弘法大師(774-835)という、高野山を開いた日本の僧侶が永遠に瞑想をしている御廟の番をしていると信じられています。","It is believed that these three mountains stand guard over the mausoleum (Gobyo) at Okunoin where Kobo Daishi (774–835), originally known as Kukai, the Japanese Buddhist priest who founded Koyasan, remains in eternal meditation."]
[3115,"和歌山県","（吉野熊野国立公園）南紀熊野ジオパーク推進協議会","海岸・岬","海岸段丘","かいがんだんきゅう","coastal terrace","千畳敷は白浜にある隆起した海岸段丘です。","Senjojiki is a raised coastal terrace in Shirahama. "]
[3118,"和歌山県","（吉野熊野国立公園）南紀熊野ジオパーク推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","苦行","くぎょう","ascetic practices","修験道には、山岳信仰を基本とする民間信仰の苦行を伴う修行が取り入れられていましたが、平安時代（794~1185年）からここで修行が行われていました。","Shugendo, a folk religion based in mountain worship that involves ascetic practices, has been practiced here since the Heian period (794–1185). "]
[3123,"和歌山県","（吉野熊野国立公園）南紀熊野ジオパーク推進協議会","自然現象","褶曲","しゅうきょく","tectonic fold","フェニックス褶曲は構造褶曲のとても良い例です。","The Phoenix Fold is an excellent example of a tectonic fold. "]
[3129,"和歌山県","（吉野熊野国立公園）南紀熊野ジオパーク推進協議会","自然現象","地震活動","じしんかつどう","seismic activity","ギザギザの物が平らな岩盤の土台にそびえ立ち、突き刺さっているように見えますが、これは地震活動と地殻運動による力の結果です。","The jagged formations that seem to pierce and rise upwards through the flat bed of rock are the result of seismic activity and tectonic forces. "]
[3130,"和歌山県","（吉野熊野国立公園）南紀熊野ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","マグマ溜まり","まぐまだまり","magma chamber","地下のマグマ溜まりがこれを温め、熱が取れた時には磁器のように固く脆くなりました。","An underground magma chamber heated it, leaving it hard and brittle like porcelain when it cooled. "]
[3134,"和歌山県","（吉野熊野国立公園）南紀熊野ジオパーク推進協議会","動物","サンゴの群落","さんごのぐんらく","coral communities","湿地地域を保全するための国際条約であるラムサール条約は、ここの海岸の一部とそのサンゴの群落を保護しています。","The Ramsar Convention, an international treaty for the conservation of wetland areas, protects some of the coast here and the coral communities within it. "]
[3141,"鳥取県 ","（山陰海岸国立公園）鳥取砂丘未来会議","山岳","大山","だいせん","Mount Daisen","現在の地質年代である地表部分の下には、約6万年前に発生した噴火で70キロ離れた大山から吹き飛ばされた灰と小石があります。","Beneath the surface sand of our current geologic epoch lie volcanic ash and pumice blown from an eruption of Mount Daisen, 70 kilometers away, some 60,000 years ago. "]
[3146,"島根県","石見銀山多言語協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本殿","ほんでん","honden","この豊栄神社は、1943年の地滑りに一部が巻き込まれましたが、華麗な門と独特な本殿、拝殿は今でも残っています。","In 1943, the Toyosaka Shrine was partially engulfed by a landslide, but the ornate gate, the distinctive main sanctuary (honden), and the worship hall (haiden) survive today."]
[3148,"島根県","石見銀山多言語協議会","人物・人名・役職名","金山彦命","かなやまひこのみこと","Kanayamahiko no Mikoto","この聖地では鉱山の守り神である金山彦命が祀られており、かつてこの地域でも有数の豊富な銀鉱脈を誇った場所の真上に建てられています。","The sanctuary enshrines Kanayamahiko no Mikoto, the Shinto god of mining, and is built directly above what was once one of the most abundant silver veins in the area."]
[3153,"島根県","石見銀山多言語協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","山吹城","やまぶきじょう","Yamabuki Castle","この時代の銀山は、初めは大内氏によって支配され、この大内氏が鞆ヶ浦道を作り、集落のすぐ外側の高地に山吹城を建てました。","In this period, the mine was ruled first by the Ouchi family, which established the Tomogaura Road and built the Yamabuki Castle on high ground just outside the settlement."]
[3158,"島根県","石見銀山多言語協議会","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamaebune","温泉津は、江戸時代（1603年～1867年）に一層栄え、この頃北日本の北陸地方と内陸海の商業都市大阪を結ぶ日本海沿岸の北前船の航路沿いの港となりました。","Yunotsu enjoyed further prosperity during the Edo period (1603–1867), when it became a port along the kitamaebune shipping route along the Sea of Japan coast connecting the Hokuriku region of northern Japan with the mercantile city of Osaka on the Inland Sea."]
[3162,"島根県","石見銀山多言語協議会","郷土景観","重要伝統的建造物群保存地区","じゅうようでんとうてきけんぞうぶつぐんほぞんちく","Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings","現在、温泉津は温泉街として日本で唯一重要伝統的建造物群保存地区に指定されたおり、2つの温泉浴場が存続しています。","Today, Yunotsu is the only hot spring town in Japan to be designated a Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings, and it continues to host two onsen baths.","*「重要伝統的建造物群保存地区」を翻訳する際にご参照ください。"]
[3165,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","シナノキ","しなのき","Japanese limes (Tilia japonica)","山の名前の「皆」は水気の多い土地の意味で、頂上全体がブナやシナノキの原生林に覆われた水の豊かな山であることから名づけられたものと言われている。","“Mina” in the mountain’s name refers to the high moisture levels and abundance of water found on the slopes, conditions favorable to the large Japanese beeches (Fagus crenata) and Japanese limes (Tilia japonica) that grow across the entire summit. "]
[3170,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","小穂","しょうすい","spikelet","山の湿地に生息するスゲの一種で、30-40 cmの花茎はただ 1つだけ小穂をつける。","A sedge that grows in mountain wetlands, with stems of 30 to 40 centimeters that produce only a single spikelet. "]
[3176,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","自然現象","柱状節理","ちゅうじょうせつり"," columnar joints","日御碕の柱状節理に割れた流紋岩や加賀の潜戸などの波に削られた洞穴など、海岸線に沿って見られる地形は好奇心を刺激し、神話の世界を彷彿させる。","Along the coast, geological curiosities like the columnar joints of rhyolite at Hinomisaki and wave-eroded sea caves such as Kaka no Kukedo support the landscape’s ancient associations with the otherworldly."]
[3181,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","高天原","たかまがはら","heavenly realm","神話によると、須佐之男命は高天原を追放された後に出雲に居住した。","In Shinto mythology, Susanoo settled in Izumo after his expulsion from the heavenly realm. "]
[3186,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","寄港する大きな港","きこうするおおきなみなと","port-of-call ","江戸時代（1603 年 - 1867 年）の間、鷺浦は日本海を航路とする商業船が寄港する大きな港となった。","During the mid-Edo period (1603–1867), Sagiura became a major port-of-call for merchant vessels traveling the Sea of Japan. "]
[3188,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","動物","海ネコ","うみねこ","black-tailed gulls","11 月から 7 月の間にここを訪れれば、港に群れるウミネコたちを見ることができる。毎年繁殖時期になると島根へやって来るウミネコは、猫の鳴き声のような、その珍しい鳴き声から見分けることができる。これが「ウミネコ（海の猫）」と呼ばれる所以だ。","Between November and July, explorers will likely encounter the harbor’s crowds of black-tailed gulls. The gulls, who come to Shimane each year for the breeding season, are distinguishable by their unusual call, which resembles a cat’s meow. This is also the source of their Japanese name—umineko, meaning “sea cat.”"]
[3193,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","建造物等","防火戸","ぼうかど","door","その壁と最も外側の防火戸は厚く塗り重ねられた泥でできており、これには火事を防ぐ役割がある。","Its walls and outermost door are constructed of thickly plastered clay that offers excellent fire protection."]
[3195,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","ヤマモモ","やまもも","Japanese bayberry","経路はヤマモモ、クリ、シナアブラギリ、ヤブツバキで縁どられている。","The path is bordered with Japanese bayberry, Japanese chestnut, tung-oil tree, and yabutsubaki camellia."]
[3200,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","オオカメノキ","おおかめのき","forked viburnum (Vibernum fucatum)","この場所の林床はクロモジ、ウリハダカエデ、オオカメノキ、エゾユズリハ、各種アジサイ属の茂みで覆われている。","The forest floor here is blanketed with a dense layer of spicebush (Lindera umbrellata), redvein maple (Acer rufinerve), forked viburnum (Vibernum fucatum), a shrub sometimes called false daphne (Daphniphyllum macropodum subsp. humile), and a variety of hydrangeas."]
[3205,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","巡礼者","じゅんれいしゃ","pilgrims","大山寺の力が何世紀もの間に強まるにつれ、川床登山道には巡礼者、記念行事への参加者、博労座へ動物を連れて行く商人など、多数の人々が行き交っていた。","As Daisenji’s prominence grew over the centuries, the Kawadoko Road was heavily traveled by pilgrims, memorial service participants, and vendors bringing animals to the Bakurōza market. "]
[3209,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","岩石・洞窟","安山岩","あんざんがん","andesite","大山は主に安山岩と石英安山岩の 2 種類の火山岩からできており、その山肌は非常にもろく簡単に侵食される。","Mt. Daisen is composed primarily of two kinds of volcanic rock—andesite and dacite—and its slopes are extremely brittle. "]
[3216,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","建造物等","石畳","いしだたみ","cobblestones","一部の歩道が石畳なのは、大山寺への四つある道のひとつであった旧川床登山道の名残である。","Along the trail, some areas are paved with cobblestones. These are remnants of the old Kawadoko Road, one of four former approaches to Daisenji Temple."]
[3219,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","岩石・洞窟","絶壁断崖","ぜっぺきだんがい","sheer cliffs","彼らは、三方を絶壁断崖で取り囲まれた要塞のような船上山山上に共に籠った。","Together, they encamped on Senjō’s fortress-like summit, which is surrounded by sheer cliffs on three sides."]
[3223,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","ミズメ","みずめ"," Japanese cherry birch","においを嗅げる展示もあり、ミズメ、クロモジ、サンショウ、コウタケのサンプルから、三瓶山の標本の香りを実際に体験できる。","Some exhibits are meant to be smelled—specimens of Japanese cherry birch, spicebush, Japanese pepper, and the mushroom Sarcodon aspratus all introduce your nose to more aromatic aspects of Sanbe’s plant life."]
[3228,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","動物","渡り性水鳥","わたりせいみずどり","migratory waterfowl","湖周辺の湿地は約 5 万羽の渡り性水鳥の重要な生息地であり、宍道湖周辺の約 8,000 ヘクタールと中海周辺の 約9,200 ヘクタールは、湿地の保存に関する国際条約であるラムサール条約で保護地区に2005年に指定されている。","The wetlands surrounding these lakes act as crucial habitats for some 50,000 migratory waterfowl, and in 2005, roughly 8,000 hectares around Lake Shinji and 9,200 around Lake Nakaumi were designated protected sites under the Ramsar Convention, an international treaty for wetland conservation."]
[3233,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","温泉","ホルミシス効果","ほるみしすこうか","hormetic effect","事実、一部の研究により、低線量被ばくには、人体の免疫系を刺激し健康を促すホルミシス効果があるということがわかっている。","In fact, some studies have indicated that low-dose exposure to radiation has a hormetic effect that stimulates the body’s immune system and promotes health."]
[3235,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","岩石・洞窟","鉱脈","こうみゃく","veins","その山には比較的純度の高い鉱脈と鉱床（岩のいたる所に広がった細かい鉱石の粒子）があることがわかった。 ","The mountain was found to contain rich veins of relatively pure ore as well as disseminated deposits (fine particles of ore distributed throughout the rock)."]
[3240,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","保護区域","ほごくいき","sanctuary","2つの湖と、これらとつながる斐伊川や大橋川などの主要な川周辺の水場は、日本でも屈指の渡り鳥の保護区域だ。","The wetland habitats around both lakes—as well as the major rivers that connect with them, such as the Hii and Ōhashi—are among Japan’s leading sanctuaries for migratory waterfowl. "]
[3247,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","動物","外来生物","がいらいせいぶつ","invasive species","過去150年の間に、島根固有の生物は日本列島の外から入って来た外来生物に侵されるようになった。","Over the last century and a half, Shimane’s native wildlife has been joined by invasive species from outside the Japanese archipelago. "]
[3251,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","茎","くき","stem","たとえばアキチョウジは、茎が長く、ツルリンドウの花の色に似た青っぽい紫の花を咲かせる。","Trumpet spurflower, for example, produces stems with slender, blue-violet blossoms similar in color to the blooms of nearby climbing gentian."]
[3252,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","テーマ施設等","天文台","てんもんだい","astronomical observatory","自然館には天文台と山陰地方最大のプラネタリウムもある。","The museum also contains an astronomical observatory and the largest planetarium in the San’in region."]
[3257,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","自然現象","火砕流","かさいりゅう","pyroclastic flow","次に、噴火により生じたガス、火山灰、火山礫の火砕流が、厚い灰の層とともに下層を覆った。","Next, pyroclastic flow—a scorching wave of gas, ash, and stone particles called lapilli—burst from the mountain, covering the avalanche material with a thick layer of ash."]
[3263,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","地形","ちけい","topography","古三瓶が初めて噴火したのは約 10 万年前で、現在の周辺地形を構成する巨大な溶岩ドームが形成された。","Old Sanbe erupted for the first time around 100,000 years ago, forming a massive lava dome that makes up the surrounding topography. "]
[3266,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","動物","栄螺","さざえ","horned turban","沖合の水は澄んでいるため、海の巻貝の一種であるサザエ採取に適した場所である。","The clear waters offshore are also a good place to dive for horned turbans (sazae), a kind of edible marine snail."]
[3270,"鳥取県・島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","酸化する","さんかする","oxidize","火山が最初に噴火すると、マグマが噴火口から荒々しく噴き出し、固まったマグマ（＝溶岩）に閉じ込められたガスが気泡を発生し、それらが最終的に放出され岩の中に小さな穴を作る。空気に触れた溶岩は、冷却・硬化する前に酸化し赤みがかる。","The magma expelled from the mouth of the volcano during the initial eruption is expelled violently, and gases that become trapped in the hardening magma (now lava) form bubbles that eventually escape, creating small cavities in the rock. The lava, which is exposed to the air, oxidizes and turns red before it cools and hardens."]
[3275,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","地蔵菩薩","じぞうぼさつ","bodhisattva Jizo","中世より、巡礼者は道を歩くときに、巡礼者や子どもの守り神である地蔵菩薩にお参りをしました。","Since medieval times, pilgrims have flocked here to worship the bodhisattva Jizo, the protector of travelers and children."]
[3280,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","植物","八重桜","やえざくら","double-flowered cherry tree","桜祭りは4月下旬に近くの船上山万本桜公園で、八重桜が満開になるときに開かれます。","A cherry blossom festival is held in late April at nearby Mt. Senjo Manbon Sakura Park, when the double-flowered cherry trees are in full bloom. "]
[3286,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","その他","山焼き","やまやき","yamayaki","豊かな草原を守るため、長年の間、毎年春になると、山焼きという伝統的な活動が行われます。","A traditional land management practice, called yamayaki, has been carried out every spring for many generations. "]
[3287,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","その他","火入れ","ひいれ","hi-ire","草原は、豊富な動植物の多様性を促す、火入れと呼ばれる慣習によって維持されています。","A process of controlled burning called hi-ire encourages growth of new grass and also maintains the environment and provides habitat for a rich diversity of plants and animals."]
[3295,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","社会","建武の新政","けんむのしんせい","Kenmu Restoration","ここで彼は兵を挙げ、幕府を倒し、1333年に建武新政を実施しました。"," In 1333 the shogunate was toppled, and direct imperial rule was established during the Kenmu Restoration."]
[3298,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","動物","オオサンショウウオ","おおさんしょううお"," Japanese giant salamander","この国立公園およびその周辺地域は、1メートル半までの長さに達し、そして世界で最も大きい両生類のオオサンショウウオの生息地です。","The sparkling creeks in the park and its surrounding areas are inhabited by endangered Japanese giant salamanders, which reach lengths of up to a meter and a half and are one of the largest amphibians in the world."]
[3304,"鳥取県・島根県・岡山県","（大山隠岐国立公園）環境省大山隠岐国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仏教","ぶっきょう"," Buddhist","仏教の名であった「弥山禅定」は、19世紀後半以来「もひとり神事」という神道の名となりました。","In the late nineteenth century, the Buddhist name misenzenjo was changed to the Shinto name mohitori-shinji."]
[3305,"広島県","広島市","庭園・公園","回遊式庭園","かいゆうしき ていえん","kaiyushiki teien","縮景園は、回遊式庭園（「周遊型の庭園」）として知られる日本庭園の典型です。","Shukkeien is representative of a style of Japanese garden known as kaiyushiki teien (“excursion-style garden”). "]
[3310,"広島県","広島市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","九輪","くりん","Kurin Tower","建物の鐘楼からそびえ立つ仏教風の九輪は、爆風の熱でゆがみ、被害を受けたままの状態で今日まで残されています。","The Buddhist-style Kurin Tower, which rises from the building’s belfry, was warped by the heat of the blast and has been retained to this day in its damaged state."]
[3313,"広島県","広島市","芸能・興行・イベント","よさこい","よさこい","yosakoi","現代のよさこい踊りや、何世紀もの歴史をもつ演劇と舞との非常にドラマチックな融合である神楽など、刺激的なパフォーマンスがここで見られます。","Thrilling performances of contemporary yosakoi dance and kagura, a centuries-old and highly dramatic fusion of theater and dance, can be seen here."]
[3321,"広島県","広島市","その他","鉄板","てっぱん","teppan","その魅力を大きく占めるのは、その濃厚な味のほかに、気取らないレストランに集まって熱く焼けた鉄板の上で代わる代わる料理される楽しさです。","A large part of its appeal, besides its robust flavor, is the enjoyment of gathering in a casual restaurant to take turns cooking it atop a scorching hot teppan plate."]
[3322,"広島県","広島市","食","一銭洋食","いっせん よしょく","issen yoshoku","元は一銭洋食（「ワンコインの西洋食」）という名で子供たちが昔からおやつに食べていたものが変化し、手に入る食材を何でも使ってすべての年代の人々に食される料理になったのです。","Originally a traditional children’s snack called issen yoshoku (“one-coin Western food”), the dish was adapted and came to be eaten by people of all ages, with ingredients consisting of whatever was at hand."]
[3328,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","紋章等 ","三つ巴","みつどもえ","mitsudomoe","この太鼓がどの一族のものかは定かではありませんが、革の上に記された九角星が特徴的です。ほとんどの陣太鼓はそのような模様の代わりに、3つのコンマ記号のような形で構成された渦巻き模様（三つ巴）で飾られていたからです。","It is not clear which clan this drum belonged to, but the nine-point star pattern on the leather is distinctive, as most jindaiko were instead decorated with a swirling pattern made up of three comma-like shapes (mitsudomoe)."]
[3333,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","書物","平家納経","へいけのうきょう","Heike Nokyo","33本から成る一式の装飾的な経典の巻物「平家納経」は、この神社が所蔵する極めて貴重な多くの宝物の中でも最も重要なものです。強力な政治家であり宮廷の大物でもあった平清盛（1118～1181年）が、信仰心を示す捧げ物および平家の力の象徴として厳島神社に奉納しました。","Heike Nokyo, the set of 33 ornamental sutra scrolls dedicated to Itsukushima Shrine by the powerful political and court figure Taira no Kiyomori (1118–1181) both as a pious offering and as a symbol of the Taira clan’s power, is perhaps the most significant of the shrine’s many priceless treasures."]
[3338,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大鳥居","おおとりい","Great Torii","大鳥居は宮島のシンボルです。1168年以来ずっと島の入り口を守るように立ち、聖と俗の間の境界線を示しています。","The Great Torii (O-torii) is the symbol of Miyajima and has stood guard over the entrance to the island since 1168, marking the border between the sacred and the secular."]
[3342,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","集落・街","安芸郡","あきぐん","Aki Province","かつて安芸郡（現在の広島県西部)の総督（注：安芸守の意）を務めた清盛は数十年にわたり厳島神社を参拝しており、清盛が力を握ると厳島神社は京都の貴族社会の中で特別な地位を享受するようになりました。","Kiyomori, whose former posts included governor of Aki Province (present-day western Hiroshima Prefecture), had worshiped at Itsukushima Shrine for decades, and as he rose to power the shrine came to enjoy a special position among the aristocracy in Kyoto."]
[3345,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","三十六歌仙","さんじゅうろっかせん","Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry","このシリーズでは、7世紀から10世紀にかけての和歌歌人のグループである「三十六歌仙」が描かれています。","The series represents the Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry, a group of waka poets from the seventh to the tenth centuries."]
[3352,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","植物","ヒノキ","ひのき","hinoki cypress","一点のヒノキ材から彫られたこの彫刻は高さ約1メートルで、張り詰めた集中状態にいるかように目を大きく見開き、下唇を噛む知恵王が表現されています。","Carved from a single piece of hinoki cypress, the sculpture is approximately 1 meter in height and depicts the Wisdom King with his eyes wide open, biting his lower lip, as if in a state of intense concentration."]
[3356,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","戒壇めぐり","かいだんめぐり","kaidan meguri","これは建物の地下通路である戒壇めぐりの入口で、一般に公開されています。","This is the entrance to the kaidan meguri, a pitch-black corridor that symbolizes the body of Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion."]
[3357,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","行基","ぎょうき","Gyoki","この像の来歴は完全には明らかになっていませんが、奈良時代（710～794）の有名な仏僧である行基（668～749）に由来すると昔から考えられてきました。","The provenance of the statue is not entirely clear, but it has traditionally been attributed to Gyoki (668–749), a renowned Buddhist priest of the Nara period (710–794)."]
[3361,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","両界曼荼羅","りょうかいまんだら","Mandala of the Two Realms (Ryokai Mandala)","大聖院が属する真言密教で最も広く用いられた曼荼羅は、両界曼荼羅です。","The most widely used mandala in esoteric Shingon Buddhism, to which Daishoin belongs, is the Mandala of the Two Realms (Ryokai Mandala)."]
[3368,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鬼","おに","oni","「鬼」とは神聖な性質をもつとされているオーガ (ogre) のような存在であり、一方の「権現」とは神道の神に姿を変えて現れた仏を指します。","An oni is an ogre-like being regarded as having divine qualities, while a gongen is a Buddha manifested as a Shinto deity."]
[3373,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","遍照窟","へんじょうくつ","Henjokutsu","遍照窟とは「広大な光の場所」という意味で、大師堂の真下に存在する地下室です。","Henjokutsu, which translates to “hall of boundless light,” is an underground chamber located directly underneath Daishido Hall."]
[3375,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","虚空蔵","こくうぞう","Kokuzo","弥山本堂内に立っているのが虚空蔵菩薩像 (梵名 アーカーシャガルバ) です。知恵と富に関係する仏で、空海が弥山での滞在中、絶えずこの菩薩の真言を唱えたと言われています。","Within Misen Hondo stands a statue of the bodhisattva Kokuzo (Sanskrit: Akasagarbha), a deity associated with wisdom and wealth, whose mantra Kukai is said to have chanted ceaselessly during his stay on Mt. Misen."]
[3380,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","錫杖","しゃくじょう","shakujo","空海は806年に修行の場を求めて弥山の山頂を目指した時、急な斜面を登る時に体を支え、蛇や他の危険な動物を追い払うために錫杖（しゃくじょう）を携えていました。","When Kukai climbed to the peak in the year 806 in search of a place to conduct ascetic rites, he carried a staff (shakujo) to lean on during the steep ascent and to scare away snakes and other dangerous animals."]
[3385,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","書物","平家物語","へいけものがたり","Tale of the Heike","他の展示品は、宮島を平家物語の出来事と結び付けています。平家物語は12世紀後半の平家と源氏の戦いの物語です。","Other displays connect Miyajima to events in the Tale of the Heike, the epic account of the late-twelfth-century conflict between Kiyomori’s Taira clan and the rival Minamoto clan."]
[3391,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","笙","しょう","sho","興味深い別のものは笙で、フリーリード類に属する楽器で、口にあてて演奏します。17本の竹でできています。","Another item of interest is the sho, a mouth-blown free-reed instrument that consists of 17 bamboo pipes."]
[3392,"広島県","廿日市市宮島地域多言語解説協議会","年中行事","神能","しんのう","shin-noh","厳島神社にある現在の舞台は、水上にある日本唯一の能舞台であり、1680年のものです。重要文化財に指定されています。毎年4月16日から18日まで開かれる桃花祭の一部として、神能（厳島神社の神に捧げる能）の上演が舞台で行われます。","Performances of shin-noh (noh dedicated to the deities of Itsukushima Shrine) are held on the stage as part of the annual Tokasai (Peach Blossom Festival) from April 16 to 18."]
[3399,"広島県","安芸太田町","芸能・興行・イベント","芸北神楽","げいほく　かぐら","Geihoku Kagura","芸北神楽は精巧なお面と明るい装飾を備え、広島県北西部特有の神楽で日本の神話に基いています。","Geihoku Kagura, with its elaborate masks and bright decorations, is unique to the northwestern part of Hiroshima Prefecture, and is based on Japanese mythology."]
[3403,"広島県","安芸太田町","食","漬物","つけもの","tsukemono","漬物は野菜や果物のピクルスの一種です。","Tsukemono are a type of pickled vegetable or fruit."]
[3408,"広島県","安芸太田町","食","アマゴ","あまご","Amago","渓流茶園ではアユは入手できませんが、アマゴとヤマメを釣ることができます。","While ayu is not available at Keiryu Chaen, both amago (red-spotted masu trout) and yamame (masu salmon) can be fished there."]
[3413,"広島県","せとうちアーキライン・プロジェクト実行委員会","庭園・公園","池泉回遊式","ちせんかいゆう","chisen kaiyu","日本庭園設計で名高い中根庭園研究所設計のこの庭は、中央に池泉が配置され、それを取り囲むように小道がある池泉回遊式と呼ばれる回遊式庭園です。","Designed by noted Japanese garden landscaping firm Nakane and Associates, the garden has a central pond and spring with a path surrounding it, making this a chisen kaiyu, or ‘stroll garden around a pond’."]
[3415,"広島県","せとうちアーキライン・プロジェクト実行委員会","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","ryokan","床、壁、天井、調度には全て木が使われていて、クルーズ船の船室というよりむしろ旅館 (日本の伝統的な宿) の客室のようです。","With wooden floors, walls, ceilings, and furniture, Guntu’s cabins look more like rooms in a ryokan (traditional Japanese inn) than on a cruiseliner."]
[3420,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天満大自在天神","てんまんだいじざいてんじん","Tenman-Daijizai-Tenjin","道真公は雷を司る「天の神」である天満大自在天神を短くした天神になった神として、雷を落としたのでした。","As a god, Michizane was known as Tenjin, an abbreviation of Tenman-Daijizai-Tenjin, or “the heavenly god who can manipulate the weather freely,” in reference to his ability to control the lightning. "]
[3422,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","幣殿","へいでん","offering hall","本殿、幣殿、拝殿の3つの部分が、ひとつの建物としてまとまっています。 ","Also, the main sanctuary (honden), offering hall (heiden), and the worship hall (haiden) are three separate buildings in most shrines, but here they are all combined into a single one. "]
[3427,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","梵鐘","ぼんしょう","Bonsho (Buddhist temple ｂell)",null,"Other exhibits include this bonsho, or Buddhist temple bell, which was struck to tell people the time."]
[3432,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","梵字","ぼんじ","Sanskrit","中央に大きく陽鋳された梵字（ぼんじ）は、羅針方位を意味しています。","The single large Sanskrit character in the center indicates a point of the compass."]
[3438,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","植物","沢瀉","おもだか","omodaka ","車寄せに入って見上げると、「一文字三つ星」（3つの円の上に1本の水平線）と「長門沢瀉」（沢瀉、オモダカ）の両方の家紋が見えます。","If you look up as you enter the porte-cochère, you will see both the ichi-ni-mitsuboshi (a single horizontal line above three circles) and the omodaka (three-leaf arrowhead). "]
[3443,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","建造物等","雨戸","あまど","amado shutters","そして非常に珍しい、どちらかというと非実用的ともいえるタッチで、風雨から家を守るはずの雨戸は、窓の外ではなく内側に取り付けられているのです！","And in a very unusual—and rather impractical—touch, the amado shutters that are supposed to protect from wind and rain are actually inside rather than outside the windows!"]
[3446,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","工芸・美術品","薬師如来坐像","やくしにょらいざぞう","Healing Buddha","位順に配置されており、本尊薬師如来坐像が須弥壇の中央に安置されています。","They are arranged hierarchically, with the Healing Buddha (Yakushi Nyorai) occupying the central position on the main dais as the principal object of worship."]
[3450,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","内陣","ないじん"," inner shrine","内陣（本尊内側）に戻ると、隅に大きなゾウ4頭と小さなゾウにに支えられた延命普賢菩薩が安置されています。","Returning to the inner shrine (naijin), there is an enmeifugenbosatsu supported by four large elephants (and multiple smaller elephants below them) in the corner."]
[3455,"山口県","防府市観光資源活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水鉢","ちょうずばち","stone water basin","特に注目すべきなのは、島の端にある石灯篭真横の亀石と、池の対岸に設置された手水鉢（水を貯める石の器）です。","Of particular note are the tortoise stone (kame-ishi) just beside the stone lantern at one end of the island, and the stone water basin (chozubachi) incorporated into the far bank of the pond. "]
[3460,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","武家","ぶけ","samurai families","1868年明治維新の直後、毛利一族は萩を離れた。政治の実権は天皇に移り、全国の武家はその地位と土地を放棄しました。","The Mori left Hagi shortly after the Meiji Restoration in 1867, when the shogunate was replaced by a new political structure centered around the emperor, and samurai families across the country relinquished their status and land. "]
[3462,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","主屋","おもや","omoya","主屋は、1606年の建築以来、今に至るまで使用されてきました。","The omoya in particular has been constantly in use since its construction sometime between 1652 and 1657."]
[3470,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","石碑","せきひ","stele","右側にはニンニクを食べた人や飲酒した人が寺院に入るのを禁じる石碑が立っています。","To the right, a stele bears a message forbidding entry to those who have consumed garlic or alcohol, a rule common to all Zen Buddhist temples."]
[3473,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","太鼓","たいこ","dharma drum","鐘楼の大きな鐘は太鼓の鐘とも呼ばれています。","The tower's upper story contains a large bronze bell as well as a dharma drum. "]
[3478,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本堂","ほんどう","hondo","この本堂は、17世紀中頃1747年に火災で全焼したが、毛利氏第六代藩主よって1750年に再建されました。","This hondo, or main hall, was originally built in the mid-seventeenth century by the second lord of the Mori clan. "]
[3479,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","茶室","ちゃしつ","tea room","建物の年齢にもかかわらず、茶室は今日にいたるまで使用されています。","Despite the building's age, the tea room, first designed for the exclusive use of the daimyo, is still in use today."]
[3485,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","浮世絵","うきよえ","Ukiyo-e, literally “pictures of the floating world”","浮世絵は文字どおり「浮世を描いた絵」と呼ばれ、17世紀半ばに人気を博した木版画と絵画のジャンルです。","Ukiyo-e, literally “pictures of the floating world,” is a genre of Japanese painting and woodblock printing that began in the mid-seventeenth century and remained prominent until the early twentieth. "]
[3490,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","自然現象","渦連","うずれん","uzuren","最も壮観なのは、渦連（「連続する渦潮」）かもしれません。最大7つもの渦潮が同時に一列に発生し、すでに発生している渦潮が消える前に新たな渦潮が発生します。","Uzuren (“repeating whirlpools”) is perhaps the most spectacular formation. Rows of as many as seven whirlpools form simultaneously, with each new one surfacing before the preceding ones have disappeared."]
[3493,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","動物","ノスリ","のすり","buzzard","堂々とした猛禽類が四国と淡路島の間の空を渡ります。特にノスリの仲間（ノスリ属の鳥で、北アメリカでは一般的にタカと呼ばれている）がこのルートを好みます。","Majestic birds of prey traverse the skies between Shikoku and Awaji Island, a crossing especially favored by buzzards (birds in the genus Buteo, which are generally called hawks in North America)."]
[3497,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","動物","トウキョウホタテ","とうきょうほたて","Tokyo hotate","トウキョウホタテは絶滅した二枚貝で、形と大きさはホタテに似ています。","The Tokyo hotate is an extinct bivalve mollusk with a shape and size similar to that of the common scallop."]
[3502,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","動物","メバル","めばる","rockfish","メバルは太平洋の北西に生息しており、日本周辺の海ではよく見られます。","Native to the northwest Pacific Ocean, the rockfish is common in the seas around Japan."]
[3507,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","植物","ツワブキ","つわぶき","tsuwabuki (Japanese silver leaf)","日本のツワブキの魅力的な外観は、観賞用の植物として人気があります。葉のついた茎は、若いうちは食べることができ、昔から薬として用いられてきました。","The pleasing appearance of the tsuwabuki (Japanese silver leaf) makes it popular as a decorative plant; its leaf stalks, which are edible when young, have traditionally been used in medicine."]
[3513,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","その他","備長炭","びんちょうたん","binchotan","その硬い材は古くから日本各地で炭を作るのに使われてきており、これには備長炭として知られる高級品種も含まれます。","Across Japan, its hard wood has long been used to produce charcoal, including a high-grade variety known as binchotan."]
[3517,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","植物","モモツツジ","ももつつじ","mochitsutsuji","モチツツジの名は、粘り気が餅に似た、柄と萼のネバネバした表面から来ています。","The mochitsutsuji name comes from the sticky surface of the stem and calyx, resembling the stickiness of mochi rice cakes."]
[3520,"香川県・徳島県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園徳島県地域多言語対応協議会","植物","ヤブツバキ","やぶつばき","Japanese camellia","ヤブツバキは材が硬いことから長きにわたって重宝されており、その材は家具作りや建築に使われています。","The Japanese camellia has long been treasured for its tough wood, which is utilized in furniture-making and architecture, as well as for the oil extracted from the seed of its fruit, which is used in beauty products."]
[3525,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","下宮","げぐ","gegu","山の麓にある神社の下宮から山頂から歩いて登っていくとおよそ1時間かかり、山頂に近づくと鳥居へと続く270段の急な石段があります。","The climb from the shrine’s lower hall (gegu), located at the foot of the mountain, takes about an hour and ends with a steep 270-step stone approach leading up to the torii."]
[3531,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お砂踏み道場","すなふみ　どうじょう","Sunafumi Dojo","幸いなことに、お遍路を歩いて全部巡ることができない参拝者の方でも、善通寺の西側の遍照閣にある、うっすらと明かりの灯された部屋、お砂踏み道場に来れば、88のお寺すべてでに参りしたことになります。","Fortunately, believers unable to walk the entire length of the route can pray at all 88 temples in one place at Sunafumi Dojo, a low-lit room in the Henjokaku building on the western side of the Zentsuji temple complex."]
[3532,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","邪鬼","じゃき","jaki","一方、善通寺の邪鬼は何物にも押さえつけらていません。これは、悪は私たちの中にあるのだと参拝者に説く真言宗の教えを反映しているためです。","At other times of the year, the structure’s closed gates are guarded from above by a mischievous-looking statue of jaki, a Buddhist guardian deity."]
[3537,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","山岳","五色台","ごしきだい","Goshikidai Plateau","峯寺は高松市と坂出市の境にある五色台の5峰の一つ、白峰山にあります。","Shiromineji Temple stands on Mt. Shiramine, one of the five peaks of the Goshikidai Plateau, between the cities of Takamatsu and Sakaide."]
[3540,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","念仏踊り","ねんぶつ　おどり","Nenbutsu Odori","念仏踊り（字義どおりには「仏教の祈りの踊り」）は綾川町の一集落である滝宮に固有の芸能行事です。","Nenbutsu Odori (“Buddhist prayer dance”) is a performance art and ritual associated with the town of Ayagawa."]
[3548,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","郷土景観","獅子の霊巌","ししのれいがん","Shishi no Reigan","獅子の霊巌（字義どおりには「ライオンの頭部の尾根」展望台からは、屋島で最も感動的な眺めのいくつかを楽しめます。","The Shishi no Reigan (“lion’s head ridge”) observation point affords visitors some of the most impressive views on Yashima."]
[3550,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","郷土景観","壇ノ浦","だんのうら","Dan no Ura","談古嶺展望所からは、1185年にライバル関係にあった武家の平氏と源氏の戦いの戦場になった入り江である、壇ノ浦を一望できます。","The Dankorei observation point overlooks Dan no Ura, a cove that in 1185 was the site of a storied battle between the rival Taira and Minamoto samurai clans."]
[3555,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","下足番","げそくばん","attendant","内木戸と呼ばれる中の入り口に上がると、下足番に履物を預け、下足番は預かった履物の鼻緒に紐をとおしてぶら下げておきます。","On both sides of the entrance space, there are spaces for storing shoes. After stepping up into the inner entrance (uchi kido), the footwear is hung up by the attendant and one receives a docket for them."]
[3560,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","建造物等","奥場","おくば","okuba","奥場は主要な花道（本花道）と仮花道の間の奥にある空間です。","The okuba is a space at the back of the main hanamichi (hon hanamichi) and the secondary hanamichi (kari hanamichi.) "]
[3564,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","動物","スッポン","すっぽん","suppon","スッポンという名称は歌舞伎役者が舞台の下から頭だけ出している様子がスッポンが頭を出す様子に似ていることから付けられました。","The name suppon (“turtle”) comes from the fact that when the kabuki actor sticks out his head from underneath the stage, it looks like a turtle’s head craning."]
[3567,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","建造物等","チョボ床","ちょぼゆか","choboyuka","チョボ床は舞台の両袖の上にあり、太夫と呼ばれるナレーターが歌を歌ったりセリフを語ったりする場所です。","The choboyuka is the area on the upper level on each side of the stage where the narrators (tayu) sing the accompanying songs."]
[3572,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","床山","とこやま","tokoyama (hairdresser)","ここには、俳優の着替え部屋、音楽隊（囃子方）の休憩部屋、髪結い（床山）が俳優のために入念に髪を整える場所があります。","It includes the actors’ changing rooms, the musicians’ (hayashi kata) resting rooms, and a place for the hairdresser (tokoyama) to prepare the elaborate hairstyles of the actors."]
[3578,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","櫓","やぐら","yagura","櫓は劇場の外壁に設置された、木製の小さな柵付きの見張り台です。","The yagura is a small wooden and fenced lookout platform high on the outside wall of the theater. "]
[3583,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天狗","てんぐ","tengu","元来、天狗は破壊的な悪魔であると考えられていましたが、やがて山と森を守る精霊と見なされるようになりました。","The Tengu were originally considered to be disruptive demons but eventually came to be seen as protective spirits of mountains and forests. "]
[3584,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","食","天然酵母","てんねんこうぼ","natural yeast","酒造りの守木であるこの楠から採取した天然酵母を醸した純米酒もございます。","Also available is a Japanese sake made by using natural yeast from the sacred tree."]
[3588,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","その他","記念撮影","きねんさつえい","commemorative photo ","ご自由に記念撮影もお楽しみください。","Please feel free to take a commemorative photo here."]
[3595,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","氏神","うじがみ","local Shinto gods","言い伝えでは、文政年間（1818～1830）に、徳島へ藍染の出稼ぎに行った若者が覚えてきた芝居を、氏神の祭礼で演じたのが始まりで、やがて娯楽として近郷に招かれて演じることが増え、「下谷歌舞伎」として知られるようになったという。","People say Shitaya Kabuki got its start in the Bunsei era (1818－1830), when young people who came to Tokushima to work as indigo dyers started putting on plays to honor the local Shinto gods."]
[3597,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","その他","一尺","いっしゃく","thirty centimeters","さらに獅子舞にあわせて打ち鳴らす鉦が、一尺以上もある大きなものが多いのも香川の獅子舞の特徴。","In Kagawa, the bells used to accompany the lion dance are big, over thirty centimeters tall."]
[3602,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","食","木型","きがた","wooden mold","お干菓子作りの上で重要なのは木型で、四国で唯一の木型職人、伝統工芸士・市原吉博氏によるものが有名です。","The wooden molds that are such an important part of the candy-making process are all made by one man, Yoshihiro Ichihara, the only practitioner of this traditional woodworking art in all Shikoku. "]
[3607,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）公益社団法人　香川県観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","世話物","せわもの","Contemporary or domestic stories (sewamono)","世話物は家庭内の出来事や恋愛を取り上げていることが多く、最も有名なのは心中を描いたものです。","Contemporary or domestic stories (sewamono) often feature family drama and romance, and some of the most famous are about love suicides."]
[3611,"高知県","（足摺宇和海国立公園）足摺宇和海国立公園足摺地域","食","真鯛","まだい","red sea bream (madai)","日本の県別養殖魚生産量の順位。日本の食卓にのぼる養殖マダイ全体の約55%が愛媛県で生産され、その約30%は宇和島市で養殖されています。","Ehime produces about 55 percent of all farmed red sea bream (madai) eaten in Japan."]
[3618,"高知県","（足摺宇和海国立公園）足摺宇和海国立公園足摺地域","動物","ヒメエダセンベイサンゴ","ひめえだせんべいさんご","Leptoseris papyracea corals","観音崎には日本一のキノコのようなのヒメエダセンベイサンゴ群体が生息しています。","Kannonzaki hosts Japan’s number one colony of mushroom-like Leptoseris papyracea corals."]
[3619,"高知県","（足摺宇和海国立公園）足摺宇和海国立公園足摺地域","動物","ウミウシ","うみうし","sea slug","ウミウシは通常は海底に見られる無脊椎動物です。日本近海には約1,400種類のウミウシが生息しており、うち384種が竜串湾に生息していることが知られています。","Sea slugs are invertebrates that are usually found at the bottom of the ocean. About 1,400 types of sea slugs live in the waters around Japan, and 384 of these species are known to inhabit Tatsukushi Bay."]
[3626,"高知県","（足摺宇和海国立公園）足摺宇和海国立公園足摺地域","テーマ施設等","ジオパーク","じおぱーく","geopark","「ジオパーク」とは特定の地質学的遺産を持つ自然地域一帯を指す言葉です。","The term “geopark” refers to a unified natural area with a significant geological heritage."]
[3630,"高知県","（足摺宇和海国立公園）足摺宇和海国立公園足摺地域","食","清水サバ","しみずさば","Shimizu mackerel","清水サバは土佐清水で漁獲され、生きたまま買い手に出荷されるゴマサバのブランド名です。","Shimizu mackerel is the brand name for blue mackerel caught in Tosashimizu and shipped alive to buyers."]
[3635,"高知県","（足摺宇和海国立公園）足摺宇和海国立公園足摺地域","食","みかん","みかん","mikan","南予に残っている段々畑は、今ではミカン（タンジェリン）のオーガニック栽培で最もよく知られています。","The remaining terraced fields of Nanyo are now best known for organic mikan (tangerine) production.","*英語辞典に掲載されているのでイタリック体は不要。但し、わかりやすくするために(tangerine)をつける場合もある。"]
[3637,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神","かみ","deity","本殿は宗像三女神の一柱・市杵島姫神を祀っています。","The main sanctuary enshrines Ichikishimahime no Kami, one of the Three Female Deities of Munakata"]
[3642,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","立ち入り禁止","たちいりきんし","off-limits","沖ノ島の沖津宮は立ち入り禁止。","Okitsu-miya on Okinoshima is off-limits to the public"]
[3645,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","三女神","さんじょしん","Three Female Deities","宗像三女神は加護と豊漁のためにもとても大切な存在です。","The Three Female Deities of Munakata are very important for protection and good catches."]
[3653,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","禁忌","きんき","taboo","沖ノ島で守られてきた禁忌が島の神秘性と遺跡の完全な保全に役立ったことは間違いありません。","The taboos enforced on Okinoshima have undoubtedly helped maintain both the island’s mystery and kept its archaeological sites intact."]
[3654,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","清らかさ","きよらかさ","purity","神道では身体・精神・心の清らかさが重要であり、水や塩がお清めのために広く使用されています。","Purity of body, mind, and spirit is important in Shinto, and water or salt are commonly used for purification."]
[3659,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","現代的な","げんだいてきな","contemporary","純金製のこの指輪は驚くほど現代的な雰囲気があります","This ring made from pure gold has a surprisingly contemporary feel"]
[3665,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","史跡","古墳","こふん","tumulus","土や岩の盛り土の下にある大きな墓・古墳の造営は、有史以前のヨーロッパやアジアでは一般的でした。","The construction of tumuli, large tombs under mounds of soil or rock (kofun) was common across prehistoric Europe and Asia."]
[3670,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","朱印帳","しゅいんちょう","stamp book","神社で朱印帳を購入。","You can buy stamp books (shuincho) at the shrine."]
[3673,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","敬意","けいい","respect","訪問者は地元の人々が海に対して抱いている深い敬意をすぐに感じることができます。","Visitors can get an immediate sense of the deep respect the local people have for the sea"]
[3677,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","岩石・洞窟","滑石","かっせき","talc","その柔らかさと耐久性により、滑石(別名・石鹼石や凍石としても知られる)は何千年もの間、理想的な彫刻の材料でした。","Due to its softness and durability, talc (otherwise known as soapstone or steatite) has been an ideal carving material for thousands of years."]
[3683,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","建造物等","寄せ木造り","よせきづくり","joined-block construction","彫刻の様式と寄せ木造りがこの結論を裏付けています。","The style and joined-block construction of the sculpture support the conclusion."]
[3688,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","人物・人名・役職名","阿弥陀如来","あみだにょらい","Amida Nyorai","満開のハスは悟りを示しているため、阿弥陀如来は、たいていハスの上に座っているか立っているように表現されている。","Amida Nyorai is nearly always depicted sitting or standing on a lotus, because a fully blooming lotus represents enlightenment."]
[3689,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天邪鬼","あまのじゃく","amanojaku","王たちは、踏みつけ服従させた四匹の天邪鬼、悪鬼のような生き物の背中の上に立っています。 ","The kings stand upon the backs of four amanojaku, demon-like creatures that they trample and subjugate. "]
[3697,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五行","ごぎょう","wuxing","建物は五行思想（五相あるいは五要素間の相互関係に基づく概念）という中国の哲学理論に従って建築された。","The buildings were constructed following the Chinese philosophical theories of wuxing—a concept based around the interconnection of five phases or five elements"]
[3700,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","食","定食","ていしょく","teishoku","現在でも日本の定食屋(定食)で同様の食べ物を見つけることができます。 ","Similar foodstuffs can still be found in Japanese teishoku (set meal) restaurants today."]
[3705,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","人物・人名・役職名","菅原道真","すがわらみちざね","Sugawara Michizane","菅原道真(845-903)は、平安時代(794~1185)の伝説的な学者・政治家で、彼の学問的・芸術的な卓越性は日本の歴史・文化に深い影響を残しました。","Sugawara Michizane (845–903) was a scholar and influential member of the government of the Heian period (794–1185) whose legacy left a deep imprint upon Japanese history and culture."]
[3706,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","人物・人名・役職名","ライアン・ガンダー氏","らいあん・がんだーし","Ryan Gander","ライアン・ガンダー氏は、彼のインスタレーション、何も意味しない本当に輝く作品を通じて、この生来の魅力を探求しています。","British artist Ryan Gander explores this innate fascination through his installation Really shiny stuff that doesn’t mean anything."]
[3712,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","建造物等","太鼓橋","たいこばし","Taikobashi Bridge","太宰府天満宮には、いくつかの仏教的な特徴である太鼓橋が残っています。","Dazaifu Tenmangu retains some Buddhist features, for example, the Taikobashi Bridge."]
[3717,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","夢想連歌","むそうのれんが","muso no renga","1598年に「連歌の夢」という意味で書かれた夢想連歌の巻物の一例をここで見ることができます。","A scroll of the muso no renga, “dream-inspired linked verses,” written in 1598 is displayed here."]
[3720,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神幸式","しんこうしき","Jinkoshiki","神幸式－菅原道真の大名行列は神社にまつわる最大の儀式で、1853年のこの巻物に描かれています。","Jinkoshiki—The Grand Procession of Sugawara Michizane—is the largest ritual associated with the shrine and is depicted in this scroll from 1853."]
[3724,"福岡県","太宰府市日本遺産活性化協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四天王","してんのう","Shitenno","他にも、仏教の護衛を務める恐ろしい四天王の描写があります。 ","Other highlights include a depiction of the fearsome Four Heavenly Kings (Shitenno)—the Buddhist guardians of the four directions."]
[3730,"長崎県","長崎市","その他","石炭鉱業","せきたんこうぎょう","Coal Mining","2015年、旧グラバー住宅は、グラバーの人脈と日本の近代化への影響を評価され、鉄鋼、造船、石炭鉱業などの日本の明治産業革命遺産として世界遺産に指定されました","In 2015, the Former Glover House was designated a World Heritage Site as part of the Sites of Japan’s Meiji Industrial Revolution: Iron and Steel, Shipbuilding and Coal Mining, in recognition of Glover’s personal connections and contributions to Japan’s modernization."]
[3735,"長崎県","長崎市","建造物等","検事正官舍","けんじせいかんしゃ","chief public prosecutor's reception hall","1886年に貞吉が死去し、翌年に自由亭は閉店した。建物は長崎地方裁判所に買い取られ、検事正官舍として使用した。","When Jōkichi died in 1886, Jiyūtei closed the next year, and the building was bought by the Nagasaki District Court. It was used as a the chief public prosecutor's reception hall. "]
[3740,"長崎県","長崎市","その他","外国人居留地","がいこくじんきょりゅうち","foreign settlement","長崎の外国人居留地は大浦川の河口沿いとその周辺の丘陵地に作られていた。","Nagasaki’s foreign settlement was situated at the mouth of the Oura River and the adjacent hills."]
[3744,"長崎県","長崎市","その他","砂利道","じゃりどう\nじゃりみち","gravel-based macadam road, or gravel road","日本には1870年代に砂利道が導入されたが、アスファルト舗装は1920年代まではまだ珍しかった。","Gravel-based macadam roads had been introduced to Japan in the 1870s, but asphalt paving was still rare in Japan until the 1920s."]
[3747,"長崎県","長崎市","芸能・興行・イベント","阿蘭陀万歳","おらんだまんざい","stylized comic dance","龍舞は長崎の中国人文化が起源で、阿蘭陀万歳は出島のオランダ人の風刺漫画として始まった。","The Dragon Dance originated in the Chinese community of Nagasaki, and the oranda-manzai, a stylized comic dance, began as a caricature of the Dutch residents of Dejima."]
[3752,"長崎県","長崎市","庭園・公園","芝生","しばふ","grass lawn","外国人住民は、スポーツのためだけでなく、コンサートやランチなどの集まりのためにも、明治時代（1868―1912）の日本では珍しいこの芝生を維持していた。","The foreign residents maintained grass lawns, which were unusual in Japan during the Meiji era (1868–1912), for not only playing sports but also for concerts, luncheons, and other gatherings. "]
[3758,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実 行委員会","組織・団体","岩倉使節団","いわくらしせつだん","The Iwakura mission","岩倉使節団が西洋諸国に出発し、渡航の先々で信教の自由について非難される","The Iwakura mission sets out for the West and is pressed on the freedom-of-religion issue everywhere it goes."]
[3759,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実 行委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","日本二十六聖人","にほんにじゅうろくせいじん","Twenty-Six Martyrs of Japan","この事件は日本二十六聖人の殉教として知られており、処刑された信徒の中にはフランシスコ会とイエズス会の宣教師や信徒がいました","They are now known as the Twenty-Six Martyrs of Japan, and included Franciscan and Jesuit missionaries and laity."]
[3763,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実 行委員会","書物","寺方門徒帳","てらかたもんとちょう","terakatamontochō","寺方門徒帳は、転宗を強いて寺の檀家とさせた住民を記帳したものです。最初の寺方門徒帳は、1616年に長崎で作られたとされています。","A terakatamontochō is a written record of local residents forced to convert and become temple parishioners."]
[3770,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","キリシタン大名","きりしたんだいみょう","Christian ruler ","彼は日本初のキリシタン大名でした。","He is known as the first Christian ruler in Japan. "]
[3775,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","史跡","出島","でじま","Dejima","しかし、オランダ東インド会社は、貿易のみを目的とすることで、長崎港の小さな島、出島で活動を続けることを許されました。","However, the Dutch East India Company was allowed to continue to operate from a small island named Dejima in Nagasaki port for trade purposes."]
[3777,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","社会","鎖国","さこく","concealment","鎖国が行われていた250年間、外海のキリスト教徒たちは、再び自由にキリスト教を信仰できる未来についてバスチャンの予言に希望をかけて密かに信仰を守り続けていました。","Thereafter, throughout their 250 years of concealment, the Christians of Sotome firmly hung onto the prophecies of Bastian that foretold better times."]
[3782,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大浦天主堂","おおうらてんしゅどう"," Oura Church ","長崎で彼は、大浦天主堂の建築に貢献をしました。","There he contributed to the establishment of the Oura Church."]
[3787,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","史跡","旧羅典神学校","きゅうらてんしんがっこう","former Latin Seminary","ド・ロ版大木版画「サンタマリア」(旧羅典神学校蔵)","Lithograph Supervised by Father de Rotz: “Saint Mary” (the former Latin Seminary)"]
[3791,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","大石シゲ","おおいししげ","Oishi Shige","その支援を受けて出津でも、1879年には大石シゲを院長として、聖ヨゼフ会が設立されました。","In the Shitsu area in 1879, the Saint Joseph Society was founded with Oishi Shige (1850–1921) as its head."]
[3794,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","博物館・美術館","ド・ロ神父記念館","どろしんぷきねんかん","De Rotz Memorial Hall","ド・ロ神父は、農具の使い方や、より効率的な農業の行い方を日本人画家に描かせ、農耕法を教えたと考えられます。これらの絵は、ド・ロ神父記念館にて、今でも見ることができます。","It is thought that de Rotz had Japanese artists draw pictures that illustrate how to use the tools and how to farm more effectively, and these drawings can still be seen in the De Rotz Memorial Hall. "]
[3799,"長崎県","長崎市多言語解説協議会","組織・団体","浦上十字会","うらかみじゅうじかい","Urakami Cross Society","ド・ロ神父の指導と援助を受けて、浦上十字会を設立し、294人の孤児を養子として育てました。","These women, under the instruction and guidance of de Rotz, founded the Urakami Cross Society, and raised and adopted 294 orphans. "]
[3805,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","島しょ","五島列島","ごとうれっとう","Goto Islands","小さく、山が多く、人口が少ないこの島は、奈留島のすぐ南にあり、五島列島最大の島である福江島の16キロメートル東にあります。","This small, mountainous, and lightly populated island lies just south of Naru Island and 16 kilometers east of the Goto Islands’ main island of Fukue."]
[3810,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","島しょ","黄島","おうしま","Oshima Island","福江島の東に浮かぶ三島のうち、最も南にある黄島には、五島列島最大級の溶岩トンネルがあります。","One of the largest lava tubes in the Goto Islands can be found on Oshima Island, the southernmost of the three islands that lie to the east of Fukue Island."]
[3815,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","島しょ","ホゲ島","ほげしま","Hogeshima Island","中国の黄河地域に関係がある可能性が高い砂岩でできている円形の小さなホゲ島は、これらの島々とアジア大陸の歴史的な繋がりの一部です。","Small, circular Hogeshima Island is part of the historic link between these islands and the Asian continent, as it is made of sandstone very likely related to China’s Yellow River area."]
[3817,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","五島層群","ごとうそうぐん","Goto Group","五島層群（アジアから移動してきた五島列島のもととなった島々）は、ここで西側の玄武岩質溶岩流と交わる急勾配の丘です。","The Goto Group (the original islands which moved down from Asia) are here steep hills that meet the basaltic lava flows to the west."]
[3822,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","植物","スナビキソウ","すなびきそう","Heliotropium japonicum","ここに生育する植物には、スナビキソウ（Heliotropium japonicum）、ハマサジ（Limonium tetragonum）、ゲンカイミミナグサ（Cerastium fischerianum）、ハマナデシコ（Dianthus japonicus、別称seashore pink）などがあります。","Among the species found here are sunabikiso (Heliotropium japonicum), hamasaji (Limonium tetragonum), genkai miminagusa (Cerastium fischerianum) and hama nadeshiko (Dianthus japonicus, sometimes known as seashore pink). "]
[3824,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","植物","ゲンカイミミナグサ","げんかいみみなぐさ","Cerastium fischerianum","ここに生育する植物には、スナビキソウ（Heliotropium japonicum）、ハマサジ（Limonium tetragonum）、ゲンカイミミナグサ（Cerastium fischerianum）、ハマナデシコ（Dianthus japonicus、別称seashore pink）などがあります。","Among the species found here are sunabikiso (Heliotropium japonicum), hamasaji (Limonium tetragonum), genkai miminagusa (Cerastium fischerianum) and hama nadeshiko (Dianthus japonicus, sometimes known as seashore pink). "]
[3829,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","溶結凝灰岩","ようけつぎょうかいがん","welded tuff","滝の流れる岩場は、溶岩流ではなく溶結凝灰岩と呼ばれる多孔性の火山性物質で形成されています。溶結凝灰岩はろ過装置の役割を果たすため、この場所の水はとても透明で純粋です。","The rocky course of the falls was formed not by a lava flow but by a porous volcanic material called welded tuff, which acts as a filter, so the water here is very clear and pure. "]
[3834,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","郷土景観","円畑","みいらくはんとう","maru hata (“round fields”)","空から見ると、三井楽半島の円畑と呼ばれる農地は、非常に特徴的です。","Seen from the air, the farming fields of the Miiraku Peninsula, known as maru hata (“round fields”) are quite remarkable:"]
[3838,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","その他","スケアン","すけあん","sukean","灯台の近くには、溶岩石でできた漁の仕掛けであるスケアンがあります。","Near the lighthouse is a sukean, a fish trap made out of lava stones."]
[3845,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","パホイホイ溶岩","ぱほいほいようがん","pāhoehoe lava","これはしばしばパホイホイ溶岩の噴出によって起こります。パホイホイ溶岩は、島の複数の浜で見られる滑らかな縄状・波状の形を残す低粘性の溶岩です。","Often this is caused by eruptions of pāhoehoe lava, the low-viscosity lava that results in the smooth ropelike or wavelike shapes found at several beaches around the islands."]
[3848,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","島しょ","末津島","すえつしま","Suetsushima Island","これは、時間の経過とともに長く伸びて離れた島（この場合は末津島）に繋がります。この繋がった島は陸繋島と呼ばれます。","This builds up over time until it grows long enough to attach to an offshore island (in this case, Suetsushima Island), which then becomes what is known as a tied island. "]
[3852,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","山岳","スコリア丘","すこりあきゅう","cinder cone","鬼岳は標高315mのスコリア丘で、芝生に覆われています。","Onidake is a 315-meter cinder cone covered with grass."]
[3857,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","五島層群","ごとうそうぐん","Goto Group","灯台が立つゴツゴツした岬は、五島層群に属しています。","The jagged promontory on which the lighthouse sits is a part of the Goto Group,"]
[3862,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","動物","巻き貝","まきがい","spiral shells","ここで見られる岩の平らな表面には、ところどころに巻き貝や二枚貝の貝殻が埋まっています。岩の中で化石化した貝というだけでも珍しいのですが、ここの貝は淡水貝であるという特徴を持っています。","On many of the flat surfaces here you can see shells—spiral shells and flat (bivalve) shells. Fossilized shells buried within rocks are unusual to begin with, but these particular shells are from freshwater shellfish."]
[3864,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","動物","淡水貝","たんすいがい","freshwater shellfish","ここで見られる岩の平らな表面には、ところどころに巻き貝や二枚貝の貝殻が埋まっています。岩の中で化石化した貝というだけでも珍しいのですが、ここの貝は淡水貝であるという特徴を持っています。","On many of the flat surfaces here you can see shells—spiral shells and flat (bivalve) shells. Fossilized shells buried within rocks are unusual to begin with, but these particular shells are from freshwater shellfish."]
[3869,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","泥岩","でいがん","mudstone","遥か昔、今日の五島列島に相当する地帯を構成する地殻の一部が変形し（地殻変動）、圧縮された泥岩と砂岩の層が下に押しやられました。","Ages ago, a section of the Earth’s crust in the area that is now the Goto Islands was deformed (diastrophism), and part of a compressed layer of mudstone and sandstone was forced downwards."]
[3876,"長崎県","（西海国立公園）五島列島ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","パホイホイ溶岩","ぱほいほい溶岩","pahoehoe lava","多郎島で見られるパホイホイ溶岩は、複数の薄い層から成り、比較的ツヤがある硬い岩で構成されるという特徴を持っています。","On Tarojima Island we can see samples of pahoehoe lava, a type that is characterized by multiple thin layers of relatively smooth, hard rock."]
[3880,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","山岳","火山土壌","かざんどじょう","volcanic soil","地上では、鉄分豊富な火山土壌は玉ねぎやいも類などの根菜類の生育に理想的であり、火山岩を細かく砕くと壁やテラスづくりに最適である。","On land, the mineral-rich volcanic soil is perfect for growing root vegetables like onions and potatoes. "]
[3881,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","建造物等","甲谷ダム","かんがいだむ","irrigation dam","江戸時代（1603 年 –1867 年）には地元の農民たちが境川に甲谷ダムを建て、諏訪の池を作った。","In the Edo period (1603–1867) local farmers built an irrigation dam on the Sakai River, creating Suwanoike Pond."]
[3886,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水鉢","ちょうずばち","ancient stone washbasin","この池は、おそらく江戸時代（1603-1876年）に作られ、池の近くには手水鉢、ヒノキや杉の御神木がある。","The pond was likely created in the Edo period (1603–1867), and near the shore is an ancient stone washbasin, along with Japanese cypress and cedar trees."]
[3892,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","動物","キビタキ","きびたき","narcissus flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina)","森の中では、胸部分の明るい黄で見分けられるキビタキ（Ficedula narcissina）や、さえずりというよりも羽根音のような鳴き声を出すコゲラ（Yungipicus kizuki）などの野鳥を見ることができる。","In the forest, you may see wild birds such as the narcissus flycatcher (Ficedula narcissina), which is identifiable by its bright yellow breast, and the Japanese pygmy woodpecker (Yungipicus kizuki), whose call resembles a buzz more than a song. "]
[3895,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","温泉","八万地獄","はちまんじごく","Hachiman Jigoku or   Hachiman Hells","このエリアは八万地獄と呼ばれる。","This area is called the Hachiman Jigoku or the Hachiman Hells. "]
[3899,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","温泉","お糸地獄","おいとじごく","Oito Jigoku, or Oito Hell","これはお糸地獄と呼ばれ、地獄は「温泉」と「地獄」の二つを意味する。","This is the Oito Jigoku, or Oito Hell―the word jigoku has the double meaning of “hot spring” and “hell.” "]
[3904,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","建造物等","金箔","きんぱく","gold leaf ","1917 年に完成し、五層の金箔で覆われている寺の前に建つ多くの像の中の1つは行基の墓と信じられている。","It was assembled and covered with five layers of gold leaf in 1917. A collection of stones, one of which is believed to be Gyōki’s gravestone, stands in front of the temple. "]
[3909,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","建造物等","別所ダム","べっしょだむ","Bessho Dam","別所ダムの道をおしどりの池（Oshidori Pond）に沿って歩くと、杉林に続く石の鳥居の前に着く。","If you follow the road over Bessho Dam and along Oshidori Pond, you will arrive at a stone torii gate straddling the footpath into the cedar forest above."]
[3915,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","温泉","硫黄","いおう","sulfur","温泉に近づき、硫黄の臭いがし始めると、訪れた人はすぐに、ここが泡立ち地獄と呼ばれる理由を知ることができる。","As you get closer to the hot springs and begin to smell the sulfur in the air, it is easy to see why early visitors to this area called the bubbling pools jigoku, the Japanese word for “hell.” "]
[3916,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","植物","ネジキ","ねじき","lyonia","その他では赤い幹をねじらせた楕円形のネジキ、そしてブルーベリーと同じ仲間で、実がなる低木シャシャンボがある。","Other plants include the oval-leaved lyonia, with its twisting red trunks, and the fruit-bearing sea bilberry, a low shrub in the same family as blueberries."]
[3924,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","温泉","雀地獄","すずめじごく","Suzume Jigoku, or Sparrow Hell","これは雀地獄の音で、漏れた蒸気が小鳥の鳴き声に似ていると伝えられている。","That is the sound of the small Suzume Jigoku, or Sparrow Hell, whose escaping steam is said to sound like the chirping of small birds."]
[3927,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","賽の河原","さいのかわら","Sai no Kawara","捕えられて、賽の河原という砂の河原に裸で座って、両親を敬うただ一つの手段として、延々と小石を積み上げて塔を作る。","Trapped, they sit naked along a sandy beach called the Sai no Kawara. Their only way of honoring their parents is to endlessly stack small stones into towers that are soon knocked down by the demons who torment them."]
[3933,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","植物","モウセンゴケ","もうせんごけ","sundew","現在、花を咲かせるツツジから食虫のモウセンゴケやカキツバタまで、広範な植物が沼地に生息している。","Today, the marsh is home to a wide variety of plants, from flowering Japanese azaleas to insect-eating sundews and rabbit-ear irises. "]
[3934,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","植物","カキツバタ","かくつばた","rabbit-ear iris (also Japanese iris)","現在、花を咲かせるツツジから食虫のモウセンゴケやカキツバタまで、広範な植物が沼地に生息している。","Today, the marsh is home to a wide variety of plants, from flowering Japanese azaleas to insect-eating sundews and rabbit-ear irises. "]
[3939,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","動物","メジロ","めじろ","Japanese white eye (mejiro)","雲仙の森は鳥でいっぱいだ。ウグイス、様々なシジュウカラ、キビタキ、メジロなどすべての鳴き声を山道で聞くことができる。","Numerous birds inhabit the woods of Unzen; the Japanese bush warbler (uguisu), narcissus flycatcher (kibitaki), and Japanese white eye (mejiro), among many others, can all be heard and seen on the mountain trail."]
[3942,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","岩石・洞窟","金浜断層","かなはまだんそう","Kanahama Fault","半島の中央部では、北の千々石断層と南の金浜断層の間で、プレートが離れてゆっくりと沈み込んでいる。","The middle section of the peninsula between the Chijiwa Fault in the north and the Kanahama Fault in the south is slowly sinking as the plates on either side of it move away from each other. "]
[3950,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","食","流しそうめん","ながしそうめん","nagashi sōmen, or “flowing noodles”","そうめんを食べる最も楽しい方法のひとつは「流しそうめん」だ。地元の湧水で満たされた竹樋に茹でたそうめんが入れられ、流れてくると箸で捕まえて食べるのである。","One of the most delightful ways to eat them is as nagashi sōmen, or “flowing noodles,” where the cooked noodles are placed in a bamboo chute with water running down it."]
[3951,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","食","竹樋","たけどい","bamboo chute","そうめんを食べる最も楽しい方法のひとつは「流しそうめん」だ。地元の湧水で満たされた竹樋に茹でたそうめんが入れられ、流れてくると箸で捕まえて食べるのである。","One of the most delightful ways to eat them is as nagashi sōmen, or “flowing noodles,” where the cooked noodles are placed in a bamboo chute with water running down it."]
[3957,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","その他","石干見","いしひみ、いしひび","ishihibi or  ishihimi","この石垣は石干見（いしひみ、いしひび）と呼ばれ、スクイ（すくうこと）と呼ばれる伝統漁法の基礎部分だ。","This enclosure, called an ishihibi or an ishihimi, is a fundamental part of a traditional method of fishing called sukui, literally “scooping.”"]
[3962,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","社会","石","こく","koku","江戸時代（1603 年 - 1867 年）には、裕福さはひとりの成人が一年に食べるのに必要な米の量を表わす「石」で測られていた。","During the Edo period (1603–1867), wealth was measured in koku of rice. A koku was equivalent to about 5 bushels, or approximately the amount of rice needed to feed one person for one year."]
[3967,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）（一社）島原半島観光連盟","温泉","銭湯","せんとう","sentō,or public bath","銭湯は標準的な公共浴場の呼び名で、観光地としてはあまり見られず、主に日常的な利用を目的としている。","Sentō is the term for standard public baths, which heat their own water and are rarely seen as a tourist destination, being mainly geared toward daily use. "]
[3971,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）一般社団法人島原半島観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","行基","ぎょうき","Gyoki","701年に僧侶の行基が満明寺を開いてからというもの、雲仙は長きにわたり人気の観光スポットとして栄えてきました。","Unzen has long been a favored destination for visitors since the priest Gyoki established the Manmyoji Temple in 701."]
[3974,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）一般社団法人島原半島観光連盟","動物","シジュウカラ","しじゅうから","tit","ロープウェイの山麓側の駅から25分間、歩きやすい道をたどると野鳥観察エリアがあり、シジュウカラやキビタキ、オオルリ、ウグイスを始めとする地域の在来種や渡り鳥が頻繁に見られます。","An easy 25-minute walk from the lower ropeway station is a bird-watching area frequented by tits, narcissus flycatchers, blue-and-white flycatchers, and Japanese bush warblers among the local and migratory birds."]
[3981,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）一般社団法人島原半島観光連盟","動物","ヤマガラ","やまがら","varied tit","シジュウカラ属の一員ですが、ヤマガラは同属の他の鳥とは大きく異なります。","While a member of the tit family, the varied tit is quite different than the others."]
[3985,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）一般社団法人島原半島観光連盟","人物・人名・役職名","宮本武蔵","みやもとむさし","Miyamoto Musashi","剣豪の宮本武蔵を含む120,000人の幕府討伐軍が仕掛けた長期の包囲攻撃により、一揆軍は1638年4月15日に敗北します。","After a long siege by 120,000 soldiers of the Shogunate forces (including the master swordsman, Miyamoto Musashi), the rebels were routed on April 15, 1638."]
[3986,"長崎県","（雲仙天草国立公園）一般社団法人島原半島観光連盟","組織・団体","上海共同租界","しゃんはいきょうどうそかい","Shanghai’s International Settlement","そして1890年に上海の新聞で雲仙が紹介され、上海と長崎を結ぶフェリーにより交通の便がさらに良くなると、上海共同租界からの観光客が増加。","Traffic from Shanghai’s International Settlement increased after a local newspaper introduced Unzen to its readers in 1890, and the beginning of a ferry service between Shanghai and Nagasaki further improved access."]
[3990,"長崎県・熊本県 ","（西海国立公園）九十九島ビジターセンター運営協議会","島しょ","九十九島","くじゅうくしま","Kujukushima","九十九島の海岸線は延べ約353キロメートルにおよび、そのうち81.5%が開発されていない自然海岸です。","The coastline of the Kujukushima area totals some 353 kilometers, 81.5 percent of which remain wild and untouched by development, much higher than the national average."]
[3997,"長崎県・熊本県 ","（西海国立公園）九十九島ビジターセンター運営協議会","植物","コウボウシバ","こうぼうしば","dwarf sedge (Carex pumila)","九十九島は、コウボウムギ（Carex kobomugi）やコウボウシバ(Carex pumila)など、砂質の土壌に生育して砂丘を安定させる希少種・絶滅危惧種の植物にとっても重要な環境です。 ","Kujukushima is an important environment for rare and endangered plants as well, including Japanese sedge (Carex kobomugi) and dwarf sedge (Carex pumila), which grow in sandy areas and are instrumental in stabilizing dunes. "]
[4002,"長崎県・熊本県 ","（西海国立公園）九十九島ビジターセンター運営協議会","河川・渓谷","佐々川","ささがわ","Sazagawa River","おおまかに、これは佐々川の河口に対する位置に関連しています。","Generally speaking, these correspond to their position relative to the mouth of the Sazagawa River."]
[4004,"長崎県・熊本県 ","（西海国立公園）九十九島ビジターセンター運営協議会","島しょ","トコイ島","とこいじま","Tokoi Island","天然の森林環境で開花するこの希少な顕花植物は、トコイ島の植物調査中に発見されました。","This rare flowering plant blooms in natural wooded settings, and was found during a botanical survey of Tokoi Island."]
[4009,"長崎県・熊本県 ","（西海国立公園）九十九島ビジターセンター運営協議会","山岳","アカハラタカ","あかはらたか","Chinese sparrowhawk (akahara taka, Accipiter soloensis)","越冬のため飛来する鳥もいれば、アカハラタカ（Accipiter soloensis)やハチクマ（Pernis ptilorhynchus）のように付近の五島列島や東南アジアに向かう途中でこの地域を通り過ぎる鳥もいます。","Some come to spend the winter while others, including the Chinese sparrowhawk (akahara taka, Accipiter soloensis) and the crested honey buzzard (hachikuma, Pernis ptilorhynchus) pass through the region on their way to the nearby Goto Islands and on to Southeast Asia."]
[4014,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","山岳","根子岳","ねこだけ","Nekodake","阿蘇五岳は根子岳、高岳、中岳、烏帽子岳、杵島岳です。","The five peaks of Mt. Aso are Mt. Nekodake, Mt. Takadake, Mt. Nakadake, Mt. Eboshidake and Mt. Kishimadake. "]
[4020,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","植物","ミヤマキリシマ","みやまきりしま","Miyama Kirishima azaleas","九州の火山地帯を彩るミヤマキリシマは、標高1000ｍ以上の山々に自生する高山植物です。","Miyama Kirishima azaleas grow at over 1,000 meters above sea level in the volcanic soil of Kyushu’s mountains. "]
[4021,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","河川・渓谷","立野渓谷","たてのけいこく","Tateno Gorge","白川の水は、阿蘇カルデラの壁の唯一の開口部である立野渓谷を通ってカルデラから流れ出ます。","Water from the Shirakawa River flows out of the caldera through Tateno Gorge, the only opening in the Aso caldera wall."]
[4028,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","山岳","二重峠","ふたえのとうげ","Futae-no-toge Mountain Pass \nor \nFutae Pass","二重峠の石畳は、かつて江戸（現在の東京）までの長い道中を旅する人々が利用した御茶屋の跡地に続いています。","The paved road on the Futae Pass leads to the former site of a teahouse once patronized by those making the long journey to Edo (present-day Tokyo). "]
[4032,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","年中行事","火焚き神事","ひたきしんじ","hitaki shinji","霜神社は、古代の火の儀式である火焚き神事が行われることで知られています。","Shimo Jinja Shrine is known for the practice of hitaki shinji, an ancient fire ritual. "]
[4037,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","温泉","内牧温泉","うちのまきおんせん","Uchinomaki Onsen","内牧温泉\nこの温泉街の湯気の立つお湯は、カルデラの深部で温められました。一日中歩き回った後は、様々な旅館や公衆浴場に立ち寄り、自然に温められた透明なお湯に浸かって身体の疲れを癒すことができます。","Uchinomaki Onsen\nThe steaming waters in this hot spring district come from deep within the caldera, where they are heated. Visitors can relax after a day of hiking by stopping by the various inns and public baths to soak in the clear, naturally heated waters."]
[4042,"福岡県・熊本県・\n大分県 ","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","テーマ施設等","スカイパークあざみ台","すかいぱーくあざみだい","Azamidai Skypark","スカイパークあざみ台からは、阿蘇くじゅう国立公園の360度のパノラマを一望できます。","Azamidai Skypark offers 360-degree views of Aso-Kuju National Park. "]
[4044,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","郷土景観","野焼","のやき","noyaki","春には草原は野焼きとして知られる野火で人工的に燃やされます。","Each spring, the grasslands are subject to controlled burnings, known as noyaki. "]
[4049,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","温泉","温泉","おんせん","onsen","阿蘇くじゅう国立公園では、深い森、険しい山々、草木の生い茂った湿地帯、隠れた温泉、清らかな湧き水など、日本の火山が織りなす美しい景観のコントラストが見られると共に、一年を通じ、息をのむほどの美しい景色と豊富な草花に出会えます。","From dense forest to rugged mountains, lush marshes, hidden hot springs (onsen) and pristine waters, the park offers stunning views and a wealth of flora and fauna to enjoy in every season of the year."]
[4051,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","植物","杉","すぎ","sugi\n","杉は、固い木材で、建造物に使われます。","Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica, Japanese cedar): Dense and strong, the timber is used for structural building purposes."]
[4056,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","高原・湿原・原野","湿原","しつげん","marsh","タデ原湿原は、くじゅうで最も代表的な淡水環境の一つです。タデ原は、周囲の山々から湧き出た泉の淡水で作られ、植物や動物の生態が豊富な低地です。","Tadewara Marsh is one of Kuju’s typical freshwater environments. Created by the upwelling of fresh spring water draining from the surrounding mountains, Tadewara is a valley rich with plant and animal life. ","※「タデ原湿原」は公式名称ですが、英語では「Tadewara Marsh」と呼ばれています。Marshは湿原の種類の1つです。"]
[4061,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","動物","オオルリシジミ","おおるりしじみ","Aso Blue Butterfly","阿蘇でよく見られる生物の1つは、草原の草を餌にして生活しているオオルリシジミのような蝶です。","Some of the creatures typically found in Aso include butterflies such as the Aso Blue Butterfly (Shijimiaeoides divinus barine)."]
[4067,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","動物","ベニシジミ","べにしじみ","small copper butterfly","このような草原の管理方法によって生まれた生態系に、阿蘇の草原にのみ生息する他種の蝶の種が生息します。例として、アオスジアゲハ、アサギマダラ、ベニシジミなどがあげられます。","The ecosystem that has formed as a result of this method of management is unique to Aso and hosts a number of other butterfly species that live only in the fields and grasslands of Aso, including the green-banded swallowtail butterfly (Graphium sarpedon nipponum), the pale blue tiger butterfly (Parantica sita niphonica), and the small copper butterfly (Lycaena phlaeas daimio)."]
[4072,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","動物","ノスリ","のすり","common buzzard","ホオジロ、ウグイス、オオジシギなど、小さな鳥のほか、草原の小さな哺乳類を餌食にしているハイタカ、ノスリ、コミミズクなど、数多くの猛禽類も見られます。また、コヨシキリという鳥は、草原のススキの中に巣を作って生息します。","Smaller birds such as buntings (Emberiza cioides), fan-tailed warblers (Cisticola juncidis), and Latham’s snipes (Gallinago hardwickii) can be observed, as well as several raptors including the Japanese sparrow hawk (Accipiter gularis), the common buzzard (Buteo buteo), and the short-eared owl (Asio flammeus), which prey on small mammals in the grasslands."]
[4075,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","植物","コナラ","こなら","Konara oak","ミズナラ、コナラ、シラカシ、イチイガシ、アカガシなどの場合、ドングリの一部だけ殻斗に覆われています。","The Japanese oak (Quercus mongolica ssp. crispula), Konara oak (Quercus serrata), Shirakashi (Quercus myrsinaefolia), Ichiigashi (Quercus gilva), and Japanese evergreen oak (Quercus acuta), are all examples of trees that produce acorns with relatively small cupules that cover only a small portion of the acorn itself."]
[4079,"熊本県・大分県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）環境省阿蘇くじゅう国立公園管理事務所","植物","クヌギ","くぬぎ","Japanese chestnut oak","一方、クヌギやカシワの場合、殻斗が大きく、ドングリの大部分を覆っています。","Japanese chestnut oak (Quercus acutissima) and Daimyo oak (Quercus dentata) trees, on the other hand, produce acorns with large, prominent cupules that cover most of the nut."]
[4084,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宝塔","ほうとう","hoto","隣の実相院には、最大の国東塔があります。これは、国東半島で一般的に見られる宝塔です。","The neighboring Jissoin is home to the largest Kunisaki-to, or hoto (treasured pagoda), commonly found in Kunisaki Peninsula."]
[4089,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","法被","はっぴ","happi","後半では、踊り手はあっという間に法被（袖がまっすぐな上着）・ショートパンツ姿に変わり、スピード感のある男性的な踊りを踊ります。","For the second half, the dancers quickly change into happi (lightweight coats with straight-sleeves) and shorts to perform a faster and more masculine dance. "]
[4091,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","食","年貢米","ねんぐうまい","nengumai","江戸時代には、年貢米（地租として徴収された米）は荷船で、現在の豊後高田市から島原城下町（現在の長崎県島原市）へ、そして大阪の大名の倉へと輸送されました。","During the Edo period, rice collected as land tax (nengumai) was sent by cargo ship from the area now known as Bungotakada to the castle town of Shimabara (present-day city of Shimabara in Nagasaki prefecture), and to the feudal lord’s storehouse in Osaka. "]
[4099,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","食","おにぎり","おにぎり","onigiri","おにぎりが1個売れるごとに1円の寄付が行われ、国東周辺の伝統的な「鬼」の文化的重要性の促進に利用されます。","Onigiri are rice balls and oni are ogres in Japanese mythology. "]
[4102,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","食","揚げパン","あげぱん","agepan","あちこちのお店で揚げたコロッケやアイスバー、地元産のピーナッツ、そば煎餅（buckwheat crackers）、焼き芋シェイク（ローストしたサツマイモのミルクシェイク）、そして揚げパン（fried bread）などのおいしいおやつが提供されています。","A number of stores offer delicious snacks including deep-fried croquettes, ice pops, locally produced peanuts, soba senbei (buckwheat crackers), yaki imo shakes (milkshakes made with roasted sweet potato), and agepan (fried bread)."]
[4107,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","社会","元号","げんごう","nengo","日本の暦は、在位中の天皇の治世に関連する元号によってまとめられています。","The Japanese calendar is organized by nengo, or “eras” which correspond to the reigns of successive emperors. "]
[4108,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","食","居酒屋","いざかや","izakaya","宮町商店街は、豊後高田のレトロな昭和の町商店街の一部です。そこは主に、地元の人と観光客のための居酒屋、スナックバー、人気の夜の娯楽スポットが集まる通りです。","Miyamachi Shotengai is an area within Showa no Machi with several izakaya (Japanese bistros), small bars, and popular nightlife spots."]
[4114,"大分県 ","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","食","団子汁","だんごじる","dango-jiru","団子汁は大分県でほっこり温まることで知られる地元の「ソウルフード」です。","The warm, comforting qualities of dango-jiru make it the “soul food” of Oita prefecture. "]
[4119,"大分県","豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","六郷満山","ろくごうまんざん","Rokugo Manzan","今日では数が減少してしまい、31の寺院が確認できます。六郷満山を定義するスピリチュアルなオーラは、この地域の隅から隅まで行き渡っています。","While the numbers have dropped, thirty-one temples belonging to the Tendai sect of Esoteric Buddhism can still be found here today, and the aura of spirituality that defines Rokugo Manzan permeates every inch of the area."]
[4122,"大分県","豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","阿吽","あうん","a-un","「阿吽」は、仏教の教理であり、ギリシャ語の「アルファであり、オメガである」とは似ていないこともないのですが、すべての物事の始まりと終わりを表しています。","Together, they form the phrase “a-un,” a Buddhist concept not unlike the Biblical “alpha” and “omega” that represents the beginning and end of all things."]
[4126,"大分県","豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","笠塔婆","かさとうば","kasa toba","また寺院の中庭に立つと、笠塔婆と呼ばれる石造りの塔があります。頭部は修行僧が編んだとされる笠に似せています。小型の塔である五輪塔は、当時人気の高い密教において、記念碑として使用されていました。","Also standing in the temple’s courtyard are stone stupas called kasa toba, whose tops are meant to resemble the woven hats worn by monks in training, and gorinto, the small pagodas used as memorials in the Esoteric Buddhism popular at the time."]
[4131,"大分県","豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","動物","不死鳥","ふしちょう","phoenix","背後には、圧巻の演出があります。神聖な燃える不死鳥が周囲を飛んでおり、おそらく江戸時代後期(1603年から1867年)に追加されたものでしょう。","On his back is a spectacular rendition of a flaming sacred phoenix that swirls all around him, probably a later addition from the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[4136,"大分県","豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","修験道","しゅげんどう","shugendo","天念時は、文字通り岩に建てられました。平安時代（794年から1185年）に建立されてから数百年もの間、修験道の中心地でありました。修験道とは、修行僧が悟りを求めて厳しい修練を行う宗教です。","For hundreds of years after it was constructed in the Heian period (794–1185), it was a center for shugendo, arduous training for ascetic Buddhist monks in search of enlightenment. "]
[4142,"大分県","豊後高田市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","観音","かんのん","Kannon","観音様は、哀れみ深い菩薩として知られています。自身の悟りを後回しにして他者を助けます。","Kannon, often called the Goddess of Mercy, is a bodhisattva, beings who has postponed their own enlightenment to stay behind and help others."]
[4146,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山伏","やまぶし","monks known as yamabushi","。西暦8世紀までには山伏として知られる山の僧たちが崇拝し，神道･仏教の儀式を山で行いました。","By the Nara period (710-794), mountain monks known as yamabushi worshipped and conducted syncretic rituals on the mountain. "]
[4149,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","岩石・洞窟","花崗岩","かこうがん"," granite ","その構造は山口県から取り寄せられた花崗岩で造られており，リチャード･ブラントン (1841–1901) により日本に広まったイギリスの灯台風に設計されました。","The structure is made from granite brought from Yamaguchi Prefecture, and was designed in the British lighthouse style brought to Japan by Richard Brunton (1841–1901). "]
[4154,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","その他","内部にある聖地","ないぶにあるせいち","the inner sanctum","この巡礼の主な宿泊地の一つは両子寺の内部にある聖地です。","One of the main stops on this pilgrimage was the inner sanctum of Futagoji Temple. "]
[4160,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","その他","近隣","きんりん","neighborhoods","城を囲む近隣は数々の寺や神社の本拠地となっている。そしてその多くは江戸時代(1603-1867)に大名によって建立されました。","The neighborhoods surrounding the castle are home to numerous temples and shrines, many of which were built by the daimyo during the Edo period (1603–1867).  "]
[4161,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","工芸・美術品","肖像画","しょうぞうが","likeness","今日では彼の肖像画が10,000円札に描かれています。","Today, his likeness is featured on the 10,000-yen note."]
[4166,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","組織・団体","藩校・寺子屋","はんこう・てらこや","domain (han) schools ・temple-organized terakoya","この施設は，寺が組織していた寺子屋教育制度と並んで存在していた全国規模の国家による組織的な教育制度を成していた255の藩校の一つとして機能していました。","This institution was one of 255 domain (han) schools that made up a nationwide, state-organized education system which existed parallel to the temple-organized terakoya education system. "]
[4169,"大分県","一般社団法人豊の国千年ロマン観光圏","建造物等","別荘","べっそう","vacation homes","別府の有名な温泉の噂が19世紀後半から20世紀初期に掛けて日本中に広がるにつれ，裕福な日本人がその地に別荘を購入し始めました。","As word of Beppu’s famous hot springs spread across Japan in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, wealthy Japanese began to purchase vacation homes in the area. "]
[4177,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神庭","こうにわ","koniwa","神楽を催すにあたり、神々をお迎えするのにふさわしい、神聖な舞台「神庭」を使いが準備します。","The attendants also set the sacred stage, which is known as the “gods’ garden” (koniwa)."]
[4179,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","年中行事","面様","おもてさま","omote sama","高千穂では、日本の創造神話「天岩戸」に登場する神々、女神をうまく描写するのに夜神楽の面（面様）は不可欠になっています。","Takachiho yokagura masks are known as omote-sama—the character for “omote” can mean either “mask” or “face.”"]
[4184,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","狛犬","こまいぬ","komainu","神社本殿とともに狛犬像一対が国重要文化財に指定されているほか、神社内外に見られる自然や建築の数々は、日本の創世記を物語る神話に直接結びついている。","The shrine’s main sanctuary and its pair of komainu guardian figures have been designated National Important Cultural Properties, while various sites in and around the shrine, both natural and architectural, are believed to be directly related to Japan’s creation myth and the tales of its gods and goddesses."]
[4189,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","こだま","こだま","kodama","こだまとして知られている精神の存在を示し、したがって伐採が禁止されています。","When placed around trees like the cedars at Takachiho Shrine, they also indicate the presence of spirits known as kodama and cutting them down is therefore forbidden. "]
[4193,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","人物・人名・役職名","ミケヌノミコト","みけぬのみこと","Mikeiri no Mikoto","大きな巨石は鬼八の石と呼ばれ、彼は神武天皇の兄弟ミケヌノミコトに負けた伝説の戦いがありました。","A huge boulder, dubbed the Stone of Kihachi’s Might, is said to have been hurled by the fearsome demon Kihachi during a legendary battle he lost to Mikeiri no Mikoto, the brother of Japan’s first monarch. "]
[4196,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","人物・人名・役職名","天鈿女","あめのうずめ","Ame no Uzume","天照大神は、若い頃、天鈿女の舞によって出てくるまで、弟への怒りでこの洞窟に隠れていました。","Behind a green curtain of trees on the far side of the gorge opposite the shrine is the Ama no Iwato cave, where Amaterasu, in the myth that gave birth to the kagura dance tradition, hid until she was lured out by the lively dance of the deity Ame no Uzume."]
[4201,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会（多言語解説整備事業 チーム）","食","釜炒り茶","かまいりちゃ","kamairi-cha","多くの茶は蒸されるのに対して、釜炒り茶は円を描くような焙煎行程によって煎られることで、茶葉が優しく温められ、回され、揉まれます。","While most green tea is prepared by steaming, kamairi tea undergoes a pan-firing process that gently heats, rotates, and massages the leaves, resulting in the characteristic rolled-up form of the leaves."]
[4207,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","禊","みそぎ","misogi","神道の儀式で行われる水で身体を清めること、「禊」の始まりだと考えられています。","This act is today considered the origin of “misogi,” a ritual cleansing done at Shinto shrines and ceremonies where one bathes or immerses oneself in water. "]
[4212,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本殿","ほんでん","Main Sanctuary","現在の本殿は、1778年に再建されました。","The existing Main Sanctuary of Takachiho Shrine was rebuilt in 1778. "]
[4213,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","国つ神","かみつがみ","earthly deity","高千穂伝説によると、この天つ神、天鈿女命と国つ神、猿田彦命の出会いはかけがえのない巡り合わせでした。","According to Takachiho legend, this meeting was a once-in-a-lifetime encounter for the heavenly deity Ame no Uzume and the earthly deity Sarutahiko. "]
[4217,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","神月読命","つくよしのみこと","Tsukuyomi no Mikoto","伊弉諾尊が黄泉の国から戻った後、３柱の神が生まれました。日の神天照大神、月の神月読命、海原の神素戔嗚尊の３柱です。天照大神には高天原を、月読命には夜の国を、そして素戔嗚尊には海原の国を治めるようにそれぞれ授けました。","Three kami deities were born of Izanagi when he returned from the underworld: the sun kami deity Amaterasu Omikami, ruler of the heavenly realm; the moon kami deity Tsukuyomi no Mikoto, ruler of the night realm; and the kami deity of the sea Susanoo no Mikoto, ruler of the seas."]
[4224,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天照大神","あまてらすおおみかみ","Amaterasu Omikami","In a famous Japanese mythical tale, the sun kami deity Amaterasu Omikami hid away in a cave and plunged the world into darkness.","日本の代表的な神話の中に、日の神の天照大神が洞窟の中に隠れてしまい、そのため世の中が永遠の闇に閉ざされたという話があります。"]
[4226,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","三毛入野命","みけいりのみこと","Mikeiri no Mikoto","神道信仰の原点が綴られている古い歴史書である、日本書紀（古代日本書）において、日本の初代天皇の兄の三毛入野命は、東征の途中、荒海で亡くなったと書かれています。","In the ancient Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan) it is written that Mikeiri no Mikoto, the older brother to the first emperor of Japan, was lost at sea while heading to the east of Japan."]
[4231,"宮崎県","オール高千穂観光地域づくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","狛犬","こまいぬ","guardian dog","この非常に珍しい鉄製の狛犬一対は鎌倉時代（1185-1333）、初代将軍源頼朝(1147–1199)によって高千穂神社に奉納されました。","These precious ironwork guardian dogs were dedicated to the Takachiho Shrine by the first shogun of Japan, Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147–1199), during the Kamakura period (1185–1333). "]
[4236,"熊本県・宮崎県・\n鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","その他","御池野鳥の森","みいけやちょうのもり","Lake Miike Wild Bird Forest","御池野鳥の森は、霧島連山の東部に位置する115ヘクタールの鳥保護区です。","Lake Miike Wild Bird Forest is a 115-hectare national wildlife sanctuary located in the eastern Kirishima mountains. "]
[4240,"熊本県・宮崎県・\n鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","山岳","硫黄山","いおうやま","Mt. Iwo","硫黄山は二十以上の火山からなる霧島連山の一部です。 ","Mt. Iwo is a volcanic peak in the Kirishima mountain range, which consists of a cluster of over 20 volcanoes. "]
[4247,"熊本県・宮崎県・\n鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","河川・渓谷","花瀬","はなぜ","Hanaze","花瀬の興味深い地形は、数千年前にこの地域の火山が噴火し、火砕流が蓄積されたことにより形成されました。時間の経過とともに、川の流れが徐々に火山岩を侵食し、人工の石畳のように見える非常に平坦な川底ができました。","Hanaze’s intriguing geography was formed thousands of years ago, when a volcanic explosion in the area resulted in an accumulation of pyroclastic flow. Over time the river currents gradually eroded the volcanic rock, resulting in a riverbed so flat it looks like a stone pavement. "]
[4248,"熊本県・宮崎県・\n鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","釜蓋神社","かまふたじんじゃ","Kamafuta Shrine","南九州市の釜蓋神社には、芸能人やアスリートが多く訪れ幸運を祈っています。この神社には釜の蓋という珍しいテーマがあります。地元の伝説によると、頭の上に釜の蓋を乗せてバランスを取りながら、鳥居から拝殿まで落とさず歩くことができれば、願い事が叶うそうです。","Entertainers and athletes flock to Kamafuta Shrine in the city of Minamikyushu to pray for good luck in their endeavors. The shrine has an unusual theme: pot lids (kamafuta). According to local legend, if a visitor can balance a pot lid on his or her head and walk from the torii gate at the entrance to the worship hall without dropping it, their wish will be granted. "]
[4255,"熊本県・宮崎県・\n鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","山岳","竹山","たけやま","Mt. Takeyama","竹山は、その傾いた形状から、薩摩半島で最も有名な山のひとつとなっています。この山は、推定約56万年前の噴火で放出された火成岩が急速に冷却されて固まり、それが後に別のマグマ層で覆われ形成されました。 伝説によると、長い鼻の天狗などの超自然的な存在が高さ200メートルのこの山と麓に住んでいたので、彼らを祀る神社が山の中腹に建てられました。 ","Mt. Takeyama’s tilted shape makes it one of the most recognizable mountains on the Satsuma Peninsula. It was created when igneous rocks from a volcanic explosion—estimated to have occurred between 50,000 to 60,000 years ago—suddenly cooled and solidified, and were later covered by another layer of magma. According to legend, long-nosed tengu goblins and other supernatural beings inhabited both the 200-meter peak and the foothills, so in deference to them a local shrine was built halfway up the mountain. "]
[4259,"熊本県・宮崎県・\n鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","西郷隆盛","さいごう たかもり","Saigo Takamori","近くのうなぎ温泉は、日本の「最後の武士」西郷隆盛（1828〜1877年）もかつて湯治のために逗留した、レトロな雰囲気の気楽な隠れ家です。西郷は、歴史の転換点となった明治維新を主導した3人の武士の1人であり、今でも大衆文化の人気者です。","Nearby Unagi Onsen is a laid-back retreat with retro flair that was once patronized by Saigo Takamori (1828–1877), Japan’s “last samurai,” who once enjoyed a long stay here to take advantage of the health benefits of its hot springs. Saigo was one of three warriors who led the Meiji Restoration and remains a major figure in popular culture. "]
[4264,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","人物・人名・役職名","アマテラス","あまてらす","Amaterasu","霧島神宮では、日本の初代天皇の先祖、そして太陽神である天照大神の孫とされている瓊瓊杵尊（ニニギノミコト）が祀られています。","Kirishima Jingu Shrine enshrines Ninigi no Mikoto, the ancestor of Japan’s first emperor and the grandson of the sun goddess Amaterasu."]
[4269,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","背門丘","せとを","Setoo","霧島神宮は現在、山の麓に位置していますが、６世紀に建てられた当初の建物は、背門丘（セトヲ）——瓊瓊杵命が降臨したとされる高千穂峰と、火常峰（ヒノトコミネ、御鉢クレーターの旧名）の間の窪み——にあり、10世紀半ばまではここに鎮座していました。","Although Kirishima Jingu Shrine is now located at the foot of the mountains, the original built in the sixth century was located much higher up at Setoo, a dip between the summit of Mt. Takachiho, where Ninigi no Mikoto is said to have descended to Earth and Hinotokomine (the ancient name for the Ohachi crater)."]
[4271,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","食","焼酎","しょうちゅう","shochu","注目の特産品は、ジューシーな豚肉や牛肉、そして鶏肉です。さつま芋が原料の地元醸造焼酎と一緒にいただくのがベストです。","Notable local specialties include succulent pork, beef and chicken, best eaten with shochu, a type of local distilled liquor made from sweet potatoes."]
[4274,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","書物","放浪記","ほうろうき","Horoki","桜島暮らしの母親を持った小説家、林芙美子（1903〜1951）に捧げた記念碑。彼女は短編小説『放浪記』——英語では “A Wanderer’s Notebook” で知られている——で最も有名です。近くのギフトショップでは彼女の本や記念品が売られています。","A monument to novelist Hayashi Fumiko (1903–1951), whose mother lived on Sakurajima. She is best known for her short story “Horoki,” known in English as “A Wanderer’s Notebook.” Souvenir shops nearby sell her books and other memorabilia."]
[4282,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","動物","ヤマビル","やまびる","land leeches","御池周辺の地域にはヤマヒルが生息しています。","The area around Lake Miike is home to land leeches."]
[4283,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","植物","ミヤマキリシマ","みやまきりしま","Miyama Kirishima azalea","この地域は特に「ミヤマキリシマ」とよばれる5月下旬に咲くツツジと、8月下旬〜10月半ばにかけてみられるススキで有名です。","This area is particularly famous for the Miyama Kirishima azaleas that bloom in late May and the Japanese pampas grass in late August to mid-October."]
[4288,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","植物","カエデ","かえで","maple","ミズナラ、ブナ、カエデなど、3つの火口湖をめぐる自然道には高木が立ち並んでいます。","Mongolian oak, Japanese beech, maple, and other tall trees grow along the nature trail that takes in the three crater lakes."]
[4294,"鹿児島県・宮崎県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）環境省霧島綿江湾国立公園管理事務所","工芸・美術品","黒千代香","くろじょか","kurojoka","指宿は真のグルメパラダイスです。鰹のタタキ（seared skipjack tuna）の燻った香りと風味を楽しむのもいいし、地元の焼酎（さつま芋の蒸留酒）を、お湯で薄めて伝統的な黒い薩摩陶器「黒茶家」に入れて飲む薩摩スタイルで味わうこともできます。","Ibusuki is a real gourmet paradise. Sample the smoky aroma and flavor of katsuo-no-tataki, seared skipjack tuna, or sip the local shochu sweet potato spirit Satsuma-style—diluted with hot water and served in kurojoka, traditional black Satsuma pottery."]
[4299,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","年中行事","棒踊り","ぼうおどり","bo-odor","8月のお盆の時期に足を運ぶと、棒を手にしてリズミカルに躍る棒踊りを見ることができます。","Visit during the August Obon festivities to see bo-odori, a rhythmic dance performed with sticks."]
[4302,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","食","首折れサバ","くびおれさば","kubioresaba","賞に輝いた「首折れサバ」（朝獲れたばかりのサバの首を折り、すぐさま血抜きをして、その日に刺身としていただく）は特別なごちそうです。","The prized kubioresaba––mackerel caught in the morning and bled immediately, meant to be enjoyed as sashimi that day"]
[4306,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","史跡","石敢當","せかんと","sekkanto","近くの裏道を歩きながら、「石敢當」を探してみましょう。これは、先のとがった石で、魔除けとして十字路に置かれています。","While walking on the back streets nearby, look for sekkanto, stones with pointed tops, placed at intersections to ward off evil."]
[4312,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","滝","大川の滝","おこうのたき\nまたは\nおっこうのたき","Oko Waterfall","大川の滝は88メートルという見事な高さで、屋久島で最も高い滝です。","Standing at an impressive 88 m high, Oko Waterfall is Yakushima’s tallest waterfall. "]
[4317,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","動物","ヤクシカ","やくしか","Yaku deer","森には、ヤクザルやヤクシカが生息しています。どちらも、日本北部の種の亜種です。","The forest is inhabited by Yaku macaques and Yaku deer, both subspecies of their northern Japanese counterparts."]
[4318,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","島津氏","しまづし","Shimazu clan","これは、16世紀後半に鹿児島の島津氏の力が増大するにつれ、変化し始めます。","This started to change with the growing power of the Shimazu clan of Kagoshima in the late sixteenth century. "]
[4326,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","植物","双子杉","ふたごすぎ","Futago Sugi (Twin Sugi) ","双子杉\n\n双子杉(訳注：英語ではTwin Sugi Trees)は、切り倒された同じ木の幹から伸びる、2つの小杉から成ります。","Futago Sugi (Twin Sugi) \n\nFutago Sugi consists of two kosugi trees that have grown from the same felled tree trunk","※タイトル、または初出のみ「Twin Sugi」を併記し、「双子」の意味やニュアンスを伝える。 "]
[4329,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","温泉","混浴風呂","こんよく"," gender-mixed","すべて混浴で、入浴客は湯船の中でもタオルの着用が認められています。","All baths are gender-mixed, and visitors are allowed to keep a towel inside the water to preserve modesty. "]
[4334,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","植物","ぽんかん","ぽんかん","ponkan","現在、屋久島は「ぽんかん」と「たんかん」と呼ばれる種類のオレンジの最大の生産地です。","Today Yakushima is Japan’s largest producer of ponkan and tankan, both a type of orange. ","※上記例文のように、初出時に柑橘類、あるいはオレンジの仲間であることがわかるようにする。"]
[4335,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島外国人観光促進協議会","植物","たんかん","たんかん","tankan"," ","Today Yakushima is Japan’s largest producer of ponkan and tankan, both a type of orange. ","※上記例文のように、初出時に柑橘類、あるいはオレンジの仲間であることがわかるようにする。"]
[4341,"鹿児島県 ","（奄美群島国立公園）天城町観光受入促進協議会","テーマ施設等","松原闘牛場","まつばらとうぎゅうじょう","Matsubara Togyu-jo Bullring","松原闘牛場","Matsubara Togyu-jo Bullring"]
[4346,"沖縄県","（奄美群島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","滝","カーム滝","かーむだき","Kaamu-daki","例えば、ここに暮らす人々は天城岳の3つの滝のひとつであるカーム滝を今も日常的な水源として利用しています。","For instance, local residents still use Kaamu-daki, one of Mt. Amagidake’s three waterfalls, as a regular water source.","※斜体表記なし。"]
[4349,"沖縄県","（奄美群島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","アマミトゲネズミ","あまみとげねずみ","Amami spiny rats","川沿いの森の中を約1.5㎞歩くことができる。この森にはアマミノクロウサギ、リュウキュウイノシシ、アマミトゲネズミ、5種類のカエル、7種類のトンボが住み、希少植物もたくさん生えている。","Visitors can walk along a 1.5-kilometer stretch of the river, through a forest inhabited by Amami rabbits, Ryukyu wild boar, Amami spiny rats, five species of frog, and seven species of dragonfly, as well as many rare plants. ","※斜体表記なし。"]
[4353,"沖縄県","（奄美群島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","岩石・洞窟","昇竜洞","しょうりゅうどう","Shoryudo Caves","昇竜洞を探検する。","Discovering the Shoryudo Caves.","※斜体表記なし。"]
[4359,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","社会","北山","ほくざん","Hokuzan","今帰仁城の最盛期は、琉球王国が北山、中山、南山という三つの王国に分かれていた琉球三山時代（1314〜1429）と同じ時期でした。","This coincided with the Ryukyu Three Kingdoms period (1314–1429), when the country was divided into the Hokuzan (Northern Mountain), Chuzan (Central Mountain), and Nanzan (Southern Mountain) kingdoms."]
[4364,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","曲輪","くるわ","ward","今帰仁は９つの区画 (曲輪（くるわ）または 郭)に分かれています。それぞれが異なった役割を有していたと考えられています。","Nakijin is divided into nine wards (kuruwa or kaku). "]
[4369,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","建造物等","相方積み","あいかたづみ","aikatazumi","最も高度な技法は、石同士をぴったりと合う多角形に整形してから組み合わせる「相方積み（あいかたづみ）」と呼ばれる技法です。","The most skillful method shapes the stones into closely fitted polygons, called aikatazumi."]
[4373,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","カーザフ郭 ","かーざふがく","Kazafu Ward","カーザフ郭 \nこれは、かつて底に天然の湧き水が湧いていた岩が多く険しい谷です。現在は干上がっています。","Kazafu Ward  \nThis is a steep rocky ravine with a natural spring at the bottom, now dry."]
[4376,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","史跡","御嶽","うたき","utaki","現在と同様、当時も女性は宗教的な儀式において主要な役割を担っていました。今帰仁の最も重要な御嶽である「テンチジアマチジ」もこの区画の中にあります。","Then as now, women played the primary role in religious ceremonies, and the most important spiritual site (utaki) at Nakijin, the Tenchiji Amachiji, is located within this enclosure. "]
[4381,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","勾玉","まがたま","magatama","勾玉と呼ばれる装飾的な石で作られた首飾りは、何世紀にもわたって地位と権力の象徴として大切にされており、母から娘に受け継がれています。 ","Necklaces of stone ornaments called magatama have been prized symbols of status and power for centuries and are handed down from mother to daughter. "]
[4387,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","建造物等","遺構","いこう","remain","これより前に建てられた基壇の石積みの一部の遺構が発見されており、その遺構は正殿を含む曲輪全体が少なくとも2回建て直されたことを示しています。","Remains of older platform wall sections have been found, which suggests that the entire ward, including the Seiden, was rebuilt at least twice."]
[4388,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","河川・渓谷","カー","かー","kaa","沖縄にはあまり多くの河川がないので、「カー」と呼ばれる湧泉は、水の供給源であると同時に生活と信仰において重要な役割を担っていました。","Okinawa does not have many large rivers, and so natural springs, known as kaa or gaa, were not only sources of water but played important practical and spiritual roles in daily life."]
[4392,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","その他","洗骨","せんこつ","bone purification","遺体が十分に分解されると、「骨の浄化」を意味する洗骨と呼ばれる再埋葬の儀式が行われます。","When the body is sufficiently decomposed, the ritual of reinternment, called senkotsu, meaning “bone purification” is performed."]
[4399,"沖縄県","沖縄県酒造組合","食","並行複発酵","へいこうふくはっこう","multiple parallel fermentation","泡盛造りでは、米麹を水と酵母とともに大きな槽の中に入れ、続く2週間で「並行複発酵」と呼ばれるとても複雑な発酵が起こります。","With awamori, the rice malt is placed in a large tank with water and yeast, where over the next two weeks a highly complex process known as “multiple parallel fermentation” occurs."]
[4404,"沖縄県","沖縄県酒造組合","その他","オートリ","おーとり","otori ","沖縄で人気のある伝統行事のオートリ（御通り）は、琉球王宮の新年のお祝いの中で、王と貴族たちが順番に泡盛の酌をとったことから始まりました。","A popular Okinawan tradition known as otori began as part of New Year ceremonies in the Ryukyu court, in which awamori was served to the king and nobles in turn."]
[4406,"沖縄県","沖縄県酒造組合","工芸・美術品","上焼","じょうやち","Joyachi pottery","上焼（じょうやち）は釉薬がかけられており、深鉢や急須などの日常用品や、泡盛をお酌したり飲んだりするのに使う装飾的な容器や杯が含まれます。","Joyachi pottery is glazed, and includes everyday crockery such as bowls and teapots, and ornate vessels and cups for carrying, serving, and drinking awamori."]
[4411,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","植物","シマトネリコ","しまとねりこ","evergreen ash","遊歩道には、シマトネリコやヒカゲヘゴなどの植物が豊富に生育しています。","The trail is rich with flora such as the evergreen ash and flying spider-monkey fern. "]
[4416,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","テーマ施設等","やんばるまなびの森","やんばるまなびのもり","Yambaru Manabi-no-Mori (Yambaru Discovery Forest) ","何世紀も前、やんばるまなびの森を構成する土地と樹木は、木材などの資源を供給する共有の森林として大切にされていました。","Centuries ago, the terrain and trees that make up Yambaru Manabi-no-Mori (Yambaru Discovery Forest) were treasured as a communally owned woodland providing timber and other resources."]
[4420,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","人物・人名・役職名","天孫氏王朝","てんそんしおうちょう","Tenson dynasty","この場所は、天孫氏王朝の創始者である女神阿摩美久の息子が最初に琉球諸島に姿を現した場所で、琉球王国全体の発祥地であるとされています。","It is believed to have been the place where the son of the goddess Amamichu, founder of the Tenson dynasty, first appeared on the islands, making it the birthplace of the entire Ryukyu Kingdom."]
[4423,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","人物・人名・役職名","義本王","ぎほんおう","King Gihon","この墓は急に退位した後、行方が分からなくなった13世紀の王、義本（ぎほん）のものであると信じられています。","Other sights in the area include a mausoleum north of the village believed to belong to the thirteenth-century ruler King Gihon, who disappeared mysteriously after a hurried abdication."]
[4428,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","植物","イジュ","いじゅ","needlewood tree","花を咲かせる植物には、イジュおよびツバキとその関連種があります。","Flowering plants include needlewood trees as well as camellias and related species."]
[4434,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","その他","登録ガイド","とうろくがいど","registered guide","登録ガイドは試験に合格する必要がありますが、やんばるに在住している必要はない。","Registered Guides must pass a test but are not required to reside in Yambaru."]
[4439,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）国頭村","テーマ施設等","奥ヤンバルの里","おくやんばるのさと","Oku-Yambaru no Sato Resort","奥ヤンバルの里","Oku-Yambaru no Sato Resort"]
[4444,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","その他","一番座","いちばんざ","ichibanza","玄関を入って最初の部屋である一番座は、客を迎えるとともに両親が過ごす場所でした。","It is likely that the ichibanza (the first room past the entrance to the house) was where the parents received guests and spent their time."]
[4446,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","その他","三番座","さんばんざ","sanbanza","三番座は祖父母のための部屋でした。","The sanbanza (No. 3 room) was for the grandparents."]
[4451,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","樹枝状型サンゴ ","じゅしじょうがたさんご","branching coral","樹枝状型サンゴ - 名前が示すように、これらのサンゴは太い枝が上や側面に向かって成長するのが特徴です。","Branching Corals - As the name suggests, these corals are characterized by thick branches that grow upward or out to the sides. "]
[4453,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","葉状型サンゴ","ようじょうがたさんご","foliose corals","葉状型サンゴ-葉状とは「葉のような形状を持つ」ことを意味します。葉状型サンゴは、多弁花からレタスの玉までに至るまであらゆる葉状のものに似ています。","Foliose Corals - Foliose means “having a lobed, leaf-like shape” and these corals can resemble anything from a many-petalled flower to a head of lettuce. "]
[4458,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","ベラ","べら","wrasse","ベラの仲間の一部は、「客」の魚が体から寄生虫を取り除いてもらう「サービス」を受けるクリーニングステーションを開業し、掃除魚として働きます。","Some species of wrasse work as cleaner fish, setting up cleaning stations where “client” fish come to be “serviced”, with the wrasse removing parasites from their bodies. "]
[4463,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","タイマイ","たいまい"," hawksbill sea turtle","その結果、タイマイは現在近絶滅種に指定されています。","As a result, hawksbill sea turtles are now classified as critically endangered."]
[4467,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","刺胞","しほう","nematocyst","ポリプの嚢状の体には幅1mmの口がついており、その周りを刺胞という毒針の触手が囲んでいます。","They have sac-like bodies with a 1-millimeter-wide mouth surrounded by poisonous barbed tentacles known as nematocysts."]
[4474,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省慶良間自然保護官事務所","植物","クバ","くば","Kuba plants","クバンダキの裏手にあるクバ山はクバという植物で覆われていて、クバは英名でChinese fan（シナビロウ）、またはfountain palm（ビロウ）として知られています（学名Livistona chinensis）。中国との貿易が盛んだった頃、唐船の帆を作るためのクバの葉をここからとったと伝えられています。","Just behind Kubandaki stands Mt. Kubayama, covered in Kuba plants, known in English as the Chinese fan or fountain palm (Livistona chinensis). In the old days, when seaborne trade with China flourished, the Chinese used to make the sails of their ships from these leaves."]
[4477,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省慶良間自然保護官事務所","建造物等","船頭主家","せんどうしゃ","sendosuya","慶良間では、大きな家に対する総称を「船頭主家」と言い、船の船長を務めるということは、財を成す方法でした。","In the Keramas, the generic term for a grand house is sendosuya or “captain’s house,” pointing to the fact that seafaring was the acknowledged route to riches."]
[4481,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省慶良間自然保護官事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","祠","ほこら","hokora ","集落の中央には、拝所という神聖な場所と、第二次世界大戦の艦砲射撃を生き残った、樹齢百年を越えるフクギがそびえたっています。","In the center of the village is a hokora miniature shrine and a stand of garcinia (Garcinia subelliptica) trees more than 100 years old that survived the naval bombardments of World War II."]
[4486,"沖縄県","（西表石垣国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","年中行事","種子取祭","たなどぅいまつり","Tanadui matsuri","種子取祭が一九七七年に国の重要無形民俗文化財に登録されました。","In 1977, the Tanadui matsuri (festival) was designated as a National Important Intangible Folk Cultural Property. "]
[4491,"沖縄県","（西表石垣国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","その他","メー","めー"," mee","沖縄には、白い砂が敷かれたメーと呼ばれる空き地と、イビと呼ばれる石が置かれた信仰の場所があることを知っておきましょう。","Please be aware that an open space covered in white sand could be hallowed ground known as a mee, and the only visible indicator of a place of worship could be a stone called an ibi."]
[4493,"沖縄県","（西表石垣国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","カンツカサ","かんつかさ","kantsukasa","公に祀られているものは祭と結びついています。ここでは、神聖な儀式がカンツカサと呼ばれる女性の司祭を中心に行われ、伝統的に男性は入ることを許されていません。","Those that are publicly identified are tied to matsuri (festivals). Sacred rituals are conducted there by kantsukasa (women priests), and men are not permitted to enter. "]
[4498,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","植物","桂の木","かつらのき","katsura tree","山の麓を歩いていたとき、中禅寺湖に出くわした。湖から昇る観音像を見た勝道上人は、生きた桂の木から観音像を彫ろうと考えたという。","While skirting the base of the mountain, he came upon Lake Chūzenji. Shōdō saw an image of Kannon (Bodhisattva of Compassion) rising from the lake, which inspired him to carve a statue of the deity from a living katsura tree. "]
[4505,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","旧平安宮","きゅうへいあんみや","Heian Imperial Palace","京都の旧平安宮の12の外門の一つで、正式名称を「陽明門」という。","The gate shares its official name, “Yōmeimon,” with one of the 12 outer gates of the former Heian Imperial Palace in Kyoto."]
[4509,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","常行三昧","じょうぎょうざんまい","jōgyō zanmai","二つのお堂のうち大きい方の常行堂では、九十日間、僧侶が中心の像の周りを歩きながら瞑想する「常行三昧」が行われている。","The Jōgyōdō, the larger hall, was used for jōgyō zanmai, a style of meditation in which monks walk around a central image for 90 days. "]
[4510,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仁王","におう","Niō (Benevolent Kings)","この門には、歴史上の仏陀の守護者である仁王が祀られている。","This gate houses the Niō (Benevolent Kings), who are protectors of the historical Buddha."]
[4515,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","龍宮様式","りゅうみやようしき","ryūgyū (“dragon-temple”) style","門は、中国明代（1368～1644）に流行した龍宮様式で建てられている。","The gate is built in the ryūgyū (“dragon-temple”) style that was popular in Ming China (1368–1644). "]
[4521,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","延命地蔵","えんめいじぞう","Enmei Jizō (Long-Life Jizō)","祭壇の隣には延命地蔵像があり、信者の健康長寿を祈願しているといわれている。","Next to the altar is a statue of Enmei Jizō (Long-Life Jizō), who helps believers to live a long and healthy life."]
[4524,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","密教","みっきょう","esoteric Buddhism","護摩焚きの儀式は、日本の密教、特に真言宗・天台宗では一般的に行われている。","The goma fire ritual is commonly practiced in Japanese esoteric Buddhism, especially the Shingon and Tendai schools. "]
[4528,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","動物","イワツバメ","いわつばめ","Asian house martins (Delichon dasypus)","イワツバメは、古くから夏の間、華厳の滝周辺で見られるようになりました。","Asian house martins (Delichon dasypus) come to the area around Kegon Falls during the summer. "]
[4533,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","建造物等","茶屋","ちゃや","Teahouse","下の写真は華厳の滝つぼ近くの五郎兵衛茶屋。","The bottom photograph is of the Gorobei Teahouse near the basin of Kegon Falls."]
[4538,"群馬県","群馬県","史跡","富岡製糸場とその関連遺跡群","とみおかせいしじょうとそのかんれんいせきぐん","Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites","2014年にユネスコ世界遺産に登録された「富岡製糸場とその関連遺跡群」に認定された群馬の養蚕の長い伝統と、日本の絹織物の近代化に果たした役割を紹介しています。","The Center explains both Gunma’s long tradition of sericulture and the role it played in the modernization of Japanese silk production, as recognized by the 2014 UNESCO World Heritage listing of “Tomioka Silk Mill and Related Sites.”"]
[4544,"群馬県","群馬県","建造物等","越屋根","こしやね","koshi-yane","1863年、富岡の東、利根川のほとりにある境島村に農家を改築し、越屋根と呼ばれる屋根の隆起部を設け、棟柱の長さに通気口を設けました。","In 1863, he rebuilt his farmhouse in Sakai-Shimamura, east of Tomioka on the banks of the Tone River, adding a koshi-yane, a raised section of the roof with openings for ventilation running the length of the ridge pole. "]
[4545,"群馬県","群馬県","その他","清涼育","せいりょういく","seiryo-iku (“clean and cool nurturing”)","この成功の基礎から、弥平は通気性を重視した清涼育（清潔で涼しい育成）という養蚕法を開発し、急速に普及していきました。","Based on this success, Yahei went on to develop a sericulture process, called seiryo-iku (“clean and cool nurturing”), stressing ventilation, which rapidly became widespread. "]
[4553,"群馬県","群馬県","河川・渓谷","南牧川","なんもくがわ","Nanmoku river","これらの岩石は、南牧川と青倉川の合流点にあるこれらの岩は、2億5000万～3億年前の深海火山の噴火によってできたものです。","These rocks, at the confluence of the Nanmoku and Aokura rivers, are the product of deep-sea volcanic eruptions 250–300 million years ago."]
[4556,"群馬県","群馬県","山岳","妙義山","みょうぎさん","Mt. Myogi","妙義山は、7つのゴツゴツとした岩の尖塔の総称で、この山脈の一部です。","Mt. Myogi, the collective name for a group of seven rugged and rocky spires, is part of this range. "]
[4562,"群馬県","群馬県","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","諏訪の神","すわのかみ","Suwa no Kami","武田信玄（1521–1573）が戦国時代（1467–1568）にこの地域で戦ったとき、彼は神社を勇気と義務の神である諏訪の神に再び捧げる儀式を執り行いました。","When warlord Takeda Shingen (1521–1573) campaigned through the area during the Warring States period (1467–1568), he arranged rites to re-dedicate the shrine to Suwa no Kami, the god of valor and duty. "]
[4563,"群馬県","群馬県","組織・団体","徳川幕府","とくがわばくふ","Tokugawa shogunate","1603年から1867年まで日本を統治した徳川幕府の末期には、日本の社会的・政治的激動がありました。","There was substantial social and political upheaval in Japan in the waning days of the Tokugawa shogunate, which governed Japan from 1603–1867."]
[4568,"群馬県","群馬県","史跡","白石稲荷山古墳","しろいしいなりやまこふん","Shiroishi-Inariyama kofun","白石稲荷山古墳は5世紀のもので、最古のものです。","The Shiroishi-Inariyama kofun, from the fifth century, is the oldest."]
[4571,"群馬県","群馬県","史跡","平井地区1号古墳","ひらいちくいちごうこふん","Hirai Number One kofun","他にも古墳時代の日本の国際貿易の証拠として、七輿山グループの平井地区1号古墳から出土した刀剣があり、博物館の入り口から見ることができます。","Other evidence of Japan’s international trade during the Kofun period is a sword recovered from the Hirai Number One kofun of the Nanakoshiyama group, which is visible from the museum entrance. "]
[4579,"群馬県","群馬県","山岳","妙義山","みょうぎさん","Mt. Myogi","妙義山は、その特異な景観から日本三大奇勝のひとつに数えられています。","This unusual scenery has earned Mt. Myogi a place as one of Japan’s top three rugged beauty spots."]
[4580,"群馬県","群馬県","人物・人名・役職名","空海","くうかい","Kukai (774–835; known posthumously as Kobo Daishi)","819年に創建された中之嶽神社は、日本に仏教を広めたとされる空海（774～835年、弘法大師の死後の名で知られる）が同地に創建した寺院である。","Nakanotake Shrine was founded in 819 and was once home to a temple established on the same site by Kukai (774–835; known posthumously as Kobo Daishi), a Buddhist priest who is largely credited with spreading Buddhism in Japan."]
[4586,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","参詣曼荼羅","さんけいまんだら","sankei mandara","参詣曼荼羅は、16世紀以降に日本各地で制作された霊場の全景絵図です。","Pilgrimage mandalas (sankei mandara) were panoramic, stylized representations of sacred sites produced across Japan from the sixteenth century. ","※「sankei mandara」は斜体で表記。"]
[4591,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","その他","胎内","たいない","tainai","「胎内」という語は富士山周辺にある溶岩流の地下にある狭い洞穴を指します。","The word “tainai” refers to narrow underground tunnels in the lava flows around Mt. Fuji. "]
[4596,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御師","おし","oshi","御師の間でさえ、これに対する強い反対はありませんでした。","Even among the oshi, there was no strong opposition to this.","※「oshi」は斜体で表記。"]
[4600,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","建造物等","山小屋","やまごや","yamagoya","明見湖畔の集落では4世帯が富士山で山小屋を営み、登山者に宿泊する場所を提供していました。","Four households of the village on Lake Asumiko’s shores operated mountain lodges (yamagoya) on Mt. Fuji offering rest or overnight accommodation to pilgrims. ","※「yamagoya」は斜体で表記。"]
[4603,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","人穴","ひとあな","Hitoana Lava Cave ","人穴と白糸の滝","Hitoana Lava Cave and Shiraito-no-Taki Waterfalls"]
[4610,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","その他","中道","ちゅうどう"," Chudo","巡礼者は大抵山頂に参拝した帰りに中道を歩きました。","Pilgrims generally walked the Chudo on the way back from worshiping at the summit. "]
[4614,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","富士塚","ふじづか","Fujizuka","18世紀後期、富士講は江戸（現在の東京）の町や周辺の国々に富士塚を造るようになりました。","In the late eighteenth century, Fuji-ko confraternities began to build Fujizuka, or Fuji mounds, in the city of Edo (modern-day Tokyo) and the surrounding provinces. ","※「Fujizuka」は斜体で表記。"]
[4615,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","山岳","利尻富士","りしりふじ","Rishiri Fuji","北海道の利尻島を形成する円錐形の火山「利尻富士」は、富士山と見た目が似ている郷土富士の一例です。","Rishiri Fuji, the conical volcano forming Rishiri Island in Hokkaido Prefecture, is one example of a local Fuji with a visual resemblance. "]
[4619,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","里宮","さとみや","satomiya","この二社はそれぞれ本宮と里宮と呼ばれていました。","The two sites were known as the “original shrine” (motomiya) and “village shrine” (satomiya) respectively.","※「satomiya」は斜体で表記。"]
[4626,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","丸藤宗岡講","まるとうむねおかこう","Maruto Muneoka-ko","最初に吉田胎内を利用したのは、丸藤宗岡講でした。","The first group to make use of the Yoshida Tainai was the Maruto Muneoka-ko. "]
[4631,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御法印","ごおうほういん","go-o hoin","この種のお守りは御法印、あるいは牛王と呼ばれます。","Amulets of this type are known as go-o hoin or simply go-o. ","※「go-o hoin」は斜体で表記。"]
[4633,"山梨県","山梨県富士山世界文化遺産保存活用推進協議会","書物","源氏物語","げんじものがたり","The Tale of Genji","これは、「源氏物語」などの古典文学作品を生んだ宮廷社会の中心にいた貴族、藤原道長が奉納したものでした。","This offering was made by Fujiwara no Michinaga (966–1028), a nobleman at the center of the court society that produced classic works of literature like The Tale of Genji. ","※「The Tale of Genji」は斜体で表記。"]
[4638,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","建造物等","蔵","くら","kura","重要文化財に指定されている家屋に加え、和田家の敷地内には隣接した庭と池、著しく大きな離れ家（お手洗い）、および裏の耐火倉庫（蔵）などもあります。","In addition to the house, which is designated an Important Cultural Property, the Wada estate includes an adjacent garden and pond, a notably large outhouse (lavatory), and a fire-resistant storehouse (kura) in the back."]
[4643,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","動物","養蚕","ようさん","sericulture","この地の人々は、農業だけでは生計を立てることができなかったため、江戸時代（1603–1867）中期には養蚕を取り入れ、これが主な収入源となりました。","Unable to subsist on agriculture alone, the local people adopted sericulture, or silkworm raising, as their primary source of income during the mid-Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[4649,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","年中行事","初午","はつうま","hatsu-uma","伝統的な太陰暦の2月の最初の「午（うま）の日」である初午（現在は2月下旬～3月中旬）","On hatsu-uma, the first day of the horse in the second month of the traditional lunar calendar (which now falls anywhere between late February and mid-March)..."]
[4650,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","その他","結","ゆい","yui","厳格な互恵関係を前提とする、この白川郷の助け合いの精神を「結（ゆい）」と言います。","The spirit of such cooperation, in which strict reciprocity is assumed, is referred to as yui."]
[4657,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","建造物等","雪囲い","ゆきがこい","yukigakoi","雪囲いと呼ばれるこういったフェンスを設置すると、屋根から落ちて地面に積もった雪で、家の壁が押しつぶされるのを防ぐ効果があります。","Called yukigakoi, these fences prevent snow that has fallen off the roof and piled up on the ground from crushing the walls of the house."]
[4661,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","食","すったて","すったて","Suttate","すったて汁は、仏教の精進料理に起源を持つ白川郷の名物料理です。","Suttate soup is a Shirakawa-go specialty with origins in vegetarian Buddhist cuisine."]
[4666,"京都府","総本山　\n仁和寺","工芸・美術品","天和古図","てんなこず","Tenna kozu","天和古図は、現在の姿になった仁和寺の現存する中でも最古の地図です。","The Tenna kozu is the oldest map still in existence of Ninnaji Temple in its current configuration."]
[4671,"京都府","総本山　\n仁和寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","玉串","たまぐし","tamagushi","宸殿の最も奥にある部屋に祀られている宇多天皇の肖像画の前には、班子の霊が宿っているとされる神聖な木の枝（玉串）が供えられます。","A sacred tree branch (tamagushi) believed to be imbued with the spirit of Hanshi is placed in front of a portrait of Emperor Uda enshrined in the innermost chamber of the Shinden."]
[4673,"京都府","総本山　\n仁和寺","芸能・興行・イベント","花見","はなみ","hanami","御室桜は、仁和寺が花見の季節に境内を一般公開した江戸時代（1603～1868）からその名を馳せてきており、今日でも毎年春になると多くの人で賑わいます。","Omuro Sakura have been renowned since the Edo period (1603–1868), when Ninnaji first opened its grounds to the public during cherry-blossom viewing (hanami) season."]
[4678,"京都府","総本山　\n仁和寺","山岳","成就山","じょうじゅさん","Mt. Joju","四国八十八ヶ所巡礼を小さくした御室巡礼が造られる以前は、現在はまとめて成就山と呼ばれている丘々が、それぞれに名前を持っていたことがわかります。","It reveals how the hills, now collectively referred to as Mt. Joju, each had its own name before the Omuro Pilgrimage was built as a miniature version of the Shikoku 88-Temple Pilgrimage."]
[4680,"京都府","総本山　\n仁和寺","書物","東海道中膝栗毛","とうかいどうちゅうひざくりげ","Tokaidochu Hizakurige (Travels on the Eastern Seaboard, published in translation as Shank’s Mare)","作者の山東京鶴は、京都と江戸（現在の東京）を結ぶ交通路・東海道の旅の案内書として書かれた絵入り小説「東海道中膝栗毛」（東海岸旅行記の意；「Shank’s Mare」の題で翻訳書も出版されている）を手本にして、この話を作りました。","The author, Santo Kyokaku, modeled his tale on the Tokaidochu Hizakurige (Travels on the Eastern Seaboard, published in translation as Shank’s Mare), an illustrated comic novel written as a traveler’s guide to the Tokaido, the highway between Kyoto and Edo (present-day Tokyo)."]
[4685,"京都府","総本山　\n仁和寺","城跡・城郭・宮殿","宸殿","しんでん","Shinden Hall","宸殿の南側の庭園は、荘厳な雰囲気を醸し出すとの意図により、故意に質素に造られています。","The garden on the south side of the Shinden Hall is deliberately simple and is intended to evoke a sense of solemnity."]
[4690,"兵庫県","姫路市","植物","栂","つが","hemlock (tsuga) ","柱は２本の巨木-上部は栂、下部は樅から作られ、城大工の素晴らしい技術によって帯鉄巻きと鋲釘止めで二本継ぎされている。","The pillar is made from the trunks of two large trees—the top from hemlock (tsuga) and the bottom from fir (momi)—which the castle’s builders expertly joined together with steel bands and rivets."]
[4696,"兵庫県","姫路市","建造物等","石垣","いしがき","stone ramparts","中堀の南側の部分は埋められたが、他の所では堀や石垣がかつての城下町の配置を反映している。","The southern section of the middle moat was filled in, but elsewhere the moat and stone ramparts still reflect the former layout of the castle town."]
[4701,"兵庫県","姫路市","建造物等","水門","すいもん","sluice gates","貯水池は堀と水門でつながっており、堀の水量を調整するために利用された。","The reservoir is connected to the moat by sluice gates that could be used to adjust the moat’s water level."]
[4704,"兵庫県","姫路市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","埋門","うずみもん","uzumimon (“embedded gates”)","埋門は姫路に特有のものではない。一般的に小さく簡素な造りで、土塁などに開けられた門を埋門と呼ぶ。","This style of gate is not unique to Himeji; uzumimon (“embedded gates”) are typically small, simple openings in the earthen or stone walls of Japanese castles. "]
[4708,"兵庫県","姫路市","その他","西国街道","さいごくかいどう","Saikoku Kaido","江戸時代（1603−1867）、ここを通る街道が西国街道につながっていた。西国街道は、朝廷が存在した京都から本州の西の端までをつなぐ幹線道路である。","During the Edo period (1603–1867), the road that passed through here connected to the Saikoku Kaido, a major route linking the imperial capital of Kyoto to the western end of Honshu."]
[4713,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","聖武天皇","しょうむてんのう","Emperor Shōmu","聖武天皇の時代の日本は、困難の多い国だった。","Emperor Shōmu’s reign was troubled. "]
[4718,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","壺","つぼ","jar","この銀製の小さな壺は、大仏のすぐ前の場所から出土した。","This silver jar was discovered in excavations directly in front of the Great Buddha. "]
[4720,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宝珠","ほうじゅ","divine jewel","本来は左手に剣、右手に宝珠を持っていたが、現在は失われている。","The figure originally held a sword in its left hand and a divine jewel in its right, but these items have been lost."]
[4728,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","金剛力士像","こんごうりきしぞう","Kongō Rikishi statues","金剛力士像の高さは8.4メートルを超え、日本最大級の大きさを誇る。","The Kongō Rikishi statues at Tōdaiji are among the largest of their kind in Japan. Over "]
[4731,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","方角","ほうがく","cardinal direction","各神はそれぞれの方角を見守り、特定の色や道具を持っている。","Each fearsome deity watches over a cardinal direction and is often associated with particular tools. "]
[4736,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","勧進","かんじん","kanjin","治承の乱で東大寺が被災した翌年の1181年には、東大寺の勧進鑑真に任命された。","He was appointed kanjin, or chief fundraiser, for Tōdaiji in 1181, a year after much of Tōdaiji was destroyed by fire during the Genpei civil war (1180–1185). "]
[4737,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","開山","かいさん","Kaisan","開山とは、「山を開く」という意味で、仏教寺院の創立を意味する。","Kaisan—literally, “opening the mountain”—refers to the founding of a Buddhist temple. "]
[4743,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","飛瀧神社","ひろうじんじゃ","Hiro-jinja Shrine","那智大滝と飛瀧神社","Nachi Waterfall and Hiro-jinja Shrine"]
[4748,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","書物","古事記","こじき","Kojiki ","『古事記』と『日本書紀』という古代日本の年代記では、八咫烏は太陽の女神である天照大神の使いとして登場しました。","In the ancient Japanese chronicles Kojiki and Nihon shoki, the Yatagarasu appeared as a servant of Amaterasu-no-Okami, the goddess of the sun.","※「Kojiki」は斜体で表記。"]
[4751,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","那智の火祭","なちのひまつり","Nachi Fire Festival","那智の火祭は、毎年7月14日に開催されるの例大祭です。","The Nachi Fire Festival is the major annual festival of Kumano Nachi Taisha Grand Shrine, and is held every year on July 14. "]
[4755,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鰐口","わにぐち","waniguchi","青岸渡寺には、世界最大の鰐口もあります。","Seiganto-ji also has the world’s largest waniguchi, a kind of slit gong whose name literally means “crocodile mouth.” ","※「waniguchi」は斜体で表記。"]
[4760,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","建造物等","振ヶ瀬橋","ふりがせばし","Furigasebashi Bridge","鳥居の向こうには鮮やかな朱塗りの振ヶ瀬橋があります。","Beyond the torii is the bright vermillion Furigasebashi Bridge. "]
[4765,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","補陀落渡海","ふだらくとかい","Fudaraku-tokai ","後に、この寺は補陀落渡海という風習で知られるようになりました。","It later became known for the practice of Fudaraku-tokai (Crossing the Sea to Fudaraku). "]
[4771,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","その他","亡者の出会い","もうじゃのであい","Moja-no-Deai","亡者の出会い","Moja-no-Deai: The Abode of the Dead"]
[4775,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山伏","やまぶし","Yamabushi ","山伏は春と夏に熊野の山に入って修行をし、様々な像や神社を通る際に碑伝と呼ばれる小さな木の札を置いていきます。","Yamabushi enter the mountains to practice austerities in summer and spring, and leave wooden plaques called hide (pronounced “hee-day”) at various statues and shrines as they pass them. ","※「Yamabushi」は斜体で表記。"]
[4778,"和歌山県","那智勝浦町多言語解説整備支援事業地域協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","奥の院","おくのいん","Okuno-in","この舗装道路で那智高原公園へ戻る途中、阿弥陀寺の奥の院や富士見台という展望台も通ります。","This road also passes Okuno-in, another part of the Amida-ji Temple complex, as well as the Fujimi-dai View Point, on the way back to Nachi Kogen Park."]
[4783,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","社会","明朝","みんちょう","Ming China","銀本位の経済に移行したばかりだった明朝は、北西より侵略してくるモンゴル軍に対する防御資金を賄うため、大量の通貨を必要としていました。","Demand came from Ming China, which had recently moved to a silver-based economy and needed vast quantities of currency to finance the defense of the empire against Mongol forces encroaching from the northwest."]
[4789,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","その他","世界遺産区域","せかいいさんくいき","World Heritage zone","世界遺産区域は広大なエリアに広がっているため、センターで事前にルートを計画することをおすすめします。","The World Heritage zone extends across a vast area, so it is advisable to plan a route at the center beforehand."]
[4790,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","奉行・代官","ぶぎょう・だいかん","magistrate","高い入り口が特徴的なこの坑道は、徳川幕府より石見銀山の監督を任じられた初代奉行・大久保長安（1545～1613）の名を冠しています。","Distinguished by its high entrance, the tunnel bears the name of Okubo Nagayasu (1545–1613), the first magistrate appointed by the Tokugawa government to oversee Iwami Ginzan."]
[4795,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","岩石・洞窟","永久坑","えいきゅうこう","Eikyu mining tunnel","この鉱山活動の中心となったのが永久坑です。永久坑は元々、1693年から1787年の間に、さらに標高の高い複数の採掘地からの地下水を谷底の柑子谷川へと導く排水坑の一部として掘られたものです。","This activity centered on the Eikyu mining tunnel, which was originally dug between 1693 and 1787 as part of a system of tunnels and shafts that routed groundwater from several mining sites further uphill into the Kojidani River at the bottom of the valley."]
[4798,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","岩石・洞窟","本間歩","ほんまぶ","Honmabu","さらに上の方へ進んでいくと、地域で最も豊富な銀の鉱脈の1つの上に掘られた本間歩（「主要な坑道」の意）への入口があります。","Even further up is the entrance to the Honmabu (“main tunnel”), dug above one of the most abundant silver veins in the area."]
[4806,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","十一面観音","じゅういちめんかんおん","Juichimen Kannon","本堂では11の頭を持つ慈悲深い菩薩である十一面観音の金箔像を保存しており、格子状の天井は清水寺へと寄付をした武士や商人たちの家紋で飾られています。","The hall houses a gilded statue of Juichimen Kannon, the eleven-headed bodhisattva of compassion, and its lattice ceiling is decorated with the family emblems of samurai and merchants who made donations to the temple."]
[4807,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","毘沙門天","びしゃもんてん","Bishamonten","左側には四天王の中でも最高位を占め、強力な守護神である毘沙門天が立っています。","...on the left stands Bishamonten, chief among the Four Guardian Kings and a powerful guardian deity."]
[4812,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","同心","どうしん","doshin","宗岡家は1823年に石見銀山に戻り、当時の家長が同心―現在の警部くらいに当たる下級役人―として雇われました。","The Muneoka returned to Iwami Ginzan in 1823, when the head of the family was hired as a doshin—a low-ranking official roughly equivalent to a modern-day police inspector."]
[4818,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","史跡","大森裁判所","おおもりさいばんしょ","Omori courthouse","19世紀後半に日本に持ち込まれた西洋建築の影響を受けた大森裁判所は、1888年に竣工しました。","Inspired by Western architectural designs introduced to Japan in the late nineteenth century, the Omori courthouse was completed in 1888."]
[4822,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","集落・街","山内集落","さんないしゅうらく","Sannai settlement","山吹城からは、銀山と、元の活動の中心地である山内集落、そして日本海の港、鞆ヶ浦への道を何にも遮られることなく眺めることができました。","Yamabuki Castle commanded unobstructed views over the mine and its original center of activity, the Sannai settlement, as well as over the road to the port of Tomogaura on the Sea of Japan."]
[4825,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","植物","ノウゼンカズラ","のうぜんかずら","Chinese trumpet vine (Campsis grandiflora)","秋には崖に沿って蔦を伸ばすノウゼンカズラ（学名：Campsis grandiflora）が丘の中腹の一部を鮮やかなオレンジ色に染める花を咲かせます。","In autumn, the Chinese trumpet vine (Campsis grandiflora) growing along the cliffs produces flowers that paint part of the hillside bright orange."]
[4830,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamaebune","江戸時代（1603〜 1867年）には、日本海沿岸の北前船航路の結節点となり、北海道と瀬戸内海の商都大阪を結び、さらに繁栄を極めました。","The town enjoyed further prosperity during the Edo period (1603–1867), when it became a node on the kitamaebune shipping route along the Sea of Japan coast, connecting the northern island of Hokkaido with the mercantile city of Osaka on the Inland Sea."]
[4836,"広島県","広島市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","狛犬","こまいぬ","komainu","神社を守る狛犬の石像も当時のものが残っています。部分的に修復されていますが、原爆投下による傷がまだはっきりと見て取れます。","The shrine’s stone komainu guardian statues survived, and although they have been partially repaired, the damage done by the explosion is still clearly visible."]
[4841,"広島県","広島市","芸能・興行・イベント","盆踊り","ぼんおどり","bon odori","ゲームや太鼓の演奏、そして盆踊りでは見物客も参加するよう誘われて、お祭りの気分を盛り上げます。","Carnival games, taiko drum performances, and bon odori dancing, with onlookers encouraged to participate, add to the festive mood."]
[4842,"広島県","広島市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","茅の輪","ちのわ","chinowa","まず、神官が3メートル幅の茅の輪（草で編んだ輪）を神社の前に設置します。","First, the priests set up a 3-meter-wide chinowa (ring of woven grass) in front of the shrine."]
[4846,"広島県","広島市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","鬼","おに","oni","本堂の建物は完全に再建されましたが、近くにある、”ogre”のような神話的存在である「鬼」を祀った神社には原爆による損傷が今も見て取れます。","The building has since been completely rebuilt, but damage from the bombing is visible at the nearby shrine dedicated to ogre-like divine beings known as oni. "]
[4853,"広島県","広島市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大仏","だいぶつ","daibutsu","高さ約4メートル、重さ6トンの不動明王は、大仏として正式に指定されるのに必要な寸法の条件を満たしています。","The roughly 4-meter-tall, 6-ton Fudo Myo-o fulfills the requisite measurement conditions to be officially designated a daibutsu, or large Buddhist statue."]
[4855,"広島県","広島市","工芸・美術品","日月ボール","にちげつぼーる","nichigetsu boru","江草氏は、丸い玉が太陽、三日月型に湾曲した皿が月のようだとして、この玩具を「日月ボール（太陽と月のボール）」と名付けました。","Hamaji named his toy “sun-and-moon ball” (nichigetsu boru), with the round ball representing the sun and the curved, crescent-shaped cups representing the moon."]
[4860,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","その他","製材所","せいざいじょ","sawmill","造船所跡は2009年から考古学的な発掘調査が行われている。発掘調査では、ロープ紡績所、鍛冶屋の鋳造所、製材所、蒸気工場、設計事務所、乾ドックなどの痕跡が確認されている。","The site of the shipyard has been under archaeological excavation since 2009. The dig has revealed traces of a rope-spinning shop, a blacksmith's foundry, a sawmill, a steam works, a design shop, and a drydock."]
[4865,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天狗","てんぐ","tengu","社殿の入り口の上にある巨大な天狗の仮面は、1838年に作られたものだ。","The massive tengu mask above the shrine hall entrance was created in 1838. "]
[4869,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","藩医長","はんいちょう","domain doctor","萩藩医長のもとで漢方薬を学んだ。 ","Aoki began his studies under the Chōshū domain doctor Nōmi Tōan (1794–1872), who taught him traditional Chinese medicine. "]
[4876,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","供養","くよう","Buddhist memorial prayers (kuyō)","また、亡くなったペットの供養も行っている。","Sumida also performs Buddhist memorial prayers (kuyō) for deceased pets."]
[4877,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","アマビエ","アマビエ","amabie","2020年に始まったCovid-19のパンデミックの際には、病気を追い払うといわれる神話上の生き物「アマビエ」のネコバージョンの彫刻を林隆雄氏が寄贈している。","During the Covid-19 pandemic that began in 2020, Takao Hayashi donated a sculpture of a feline version of an amabie, a mythical creature that is said to ward off disease."]
[4884,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","町家","まちや","machiya","典型的な浜崎町家のデザインである。","This is a typical Hamasaki machiya design."]
[4888,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","自然現象","地質活動","ちしつかつどう","geological activity","萩エリアは、3つの特徴的な地質活動期によって形成された。","The area around Hagi was shaped by three distinctive periods of geological activity. "]
[4893,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","戦艦","せんかん","battleship","その横には、1912年の戦艦「薩摩」の写真がある。","Beside it, there is a photograph from 1912 of the battleship Satsuma. "]
[4898,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","火山性粘土","かざんせいねんど","volcanic clay","萩周辺で見られる火山性粘土の特異な性質が、萩焼と呼ばれる独特の陶磁器の生産を可能にした。","The specific qualities of the volcanic clay found around Hagi made possible the production of distinctive ceramics called Hagi ware. "]
[4900,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","チャート岩","ちゃーといわ","chert","このプレートの動きによって、川上、福栄、阿東地域に石灰岩、チャート岩、その他の岩が分布した。","The movement of the plates distributed limestone, chert, and other types of stone across the Kawakami, Fukue, and Atō areas. "]
[4903,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","姿","すがた","portrayed as","宗像三女神は、大日如来、釈迦如来、薬師如来の姿で祀られています。","The female deities are portrayed as Dainichi Nyorai, a Buddha of wisdom, Shaka Nyorai, the historical Buddha, and Yakushi Nyorai the healing Buddha. "]
[4911,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","祀られる","まつられる","venerated","この神社には、4組の神々が祀られています。","Four pairs of deities are venerated at the shrine."]
[4912,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","建造物等","屋根付き","やねつき","sheltered","大島の北側には屋根付きの展望所のある風車があります。","On the north side of Oshima Island stands a windmill with a sheltered observation area. "]
[4917,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ほこら","ほこら","hokora","頂上近くには、石でできた小さなほこらがあり、祇園天神が祀られています。","Near the top, a small stone shelter (hokora) enshrines the deity Gion Tenjin."]
[4923,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","食","赤飯","せきはん","sekihan","砂地に畳を敷き、沖ノ島の方角にお酒と赤飯を供えて、簡素な儀式を行いました。儀式の後には、参加者たちで食事を共にしたことでしょう。","They spread tatami mats on the sand and performed a simple ceremony, making offerings of sake and sekihan (rice cooked with azuki beans) in the direction of Okinoshima. "]
[4928,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","鉢巻","はちまき","hachimaki","競争するこれらの3地域は、鉢巻の色でわかります。","The three rival neighborhoods are identified by their colored headbands (hachimaki)."]
[4931,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","植物","あんず","あんず","anzu","この施設の名前は、直売所の上の丘に広がるあんずの果樹園から来ています。","Anzu no Sato is named after the apricot (anzu) orchard that spreads across the hills above the market."]
[4935,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","氏神","うじがみ","ujigami","河津興光は、氏神がなまずとして現れて自分を助けてくれた、と考えました。","Kawazu Okimitsu believed the catfish who saved him was the manifestation of his ancestral deity (ujigami)."]
[4941,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","遥拝","ようはい","yohai","人々が沖ノ島の沖津宮に祀られている神に祈り、聖なる沖ノ島に祈るためには、遠くから祈る「遥拝」を行う必要があります。","For people to worship the deity enshrined at Okitsu-miya Shrine on the island and the sacred island itself, they must engage in remote worship (yohai)."]
[4946,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","須崎キリシタン墓碑群","すざききりしたんぼひぐん","Christian Gravestones of Suzaki","須崎キリシタン墓碑群","Christian Gravestones of Suzaki"]
[4947,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","その他","平板","ひらいた","flat","長崎地域のキリシタン墓碑は、当時のヨーロッパの墓のデザインを反映し、平板型・切妻型・半円柱型・角柱型のいずれかに整形した石を平置きにしたものがほとんどです。","Most of the Christian gravestones in the Nagasaki region are horizontal—either flat or gabled slabs, or semicircular or rectangular pillar shapes—reflecting European gravestone designs of the time."]
[4955,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","吉川キリシタン墓碑群","よしかわきりしたんぼひぐん","Christian Gravestones of Yoshikawa","吉川キリシタン墓碑群","Christian Gravestones of Yoshikawa"]
[4958,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","西正寺キリシタン墓碑群","さいしょうじきりしたんぼひぐん","Christian Gravestones of Saishoji Temple ","西正寺キリシタン墓碑群","Christian Gravestones of Saishoji Temple "]
[4963,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","宮の本キリシタン墓碑群","みやのもときりしたんぼひぐん","Christian Gravestones of Miyanomoto","宮の本キリシタン墓碑群","Christian Gravestones of Miyanomoto"]
[4964,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","有馬セミナリヨ跡地","ありませみなりよあとち","Site of the Arima Seminary","有馬セミナリヨ跡地","Site of the Arima Seminary"]
[4970,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","今村刑場","いまむらけいじょう","Imamura Execution Ground","今村刑場","Imamura Execution Ground"]
[4975,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","首塚古墳","くびづかこふん","Death’s Head Mound","首塚古墳","Death’s Head Mound"]
[4978,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","トードス・オス・サントス跡","とーどすおすさんとすあと","site of Todos os Santos","この場所は1569年に建てられた長崎の最初の教会堂、トードス・オス・サントス （諸聖人）の跡地です。","This is the site of Todos os Santos (All Saints), Nagasaki’s first church, built in 1569."]
[4982,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","出島神学校","でじましんがっこう","Dejima Protestant seminary","出島神学校は、キリスト教が解禁された5年後の1878年に建てられました。","The Dejima Protestant seminary dates from 1878, five years after the ban on Christianity was lifted."]
[4988,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","枯松神社","かれまつじんじゃ","Karematsu Shrine","枯松神社","Karematsu Shrine"]
[4993,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","馬込教会","まごめきょうかい","Magome Church","馬込教会は長崎湾のすぐ外側に浮かぶ伊王島にあります。","Magome Church is located on Iojima, an island just outside Nagasaki Bay."]
[4998,"長崎県","「長崎と天草地方の潜伏キリシタン関連遺産」保存活用実行委員会","史跡","岬の教会跡","みさきのきょうかいあと","The Site of the Church on the Cape","岬の教会跡","The Site of the Church on the Cape"]
[5002,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺跡群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","グスク","ぐすく","gusuku","首里城のようなグスクは、12世紀から16世紀までの繁栄の時代のシンボルです。この時代に、琉球諸島は異なる国々に分かれていた状態から統一王朝に発展し、独立国として海外との交易を盛んに行いました。","Gusuku like Shuri Castle are symbols of the prosperous era of the twelfth to sixteenth centuries, when the Ryukyu Islands progressed from isolated domains to a united kingdom that enjoyed independence and extensive overseas trade."]
[5005,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺跡群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","湖沼","龍潭","りゅうたん","Ryutan","中国出身の琉球王朝の高官だった懐機は、1427年に尚巴志王から龍潭という大きな池を作るように命じられました。","Kaiki, a Chinese-born Ryukyuan court official, was ordered by King Sho Hashi to direct the construction of the large pond called Ryutan (Dragon Depths) in 1427."]
[5010,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺跡群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","その他","綾門大道","あやじょううふみち","Ayajo Ufumichi","首里城につながる大通りは、綾門大道と呼ばれていました。","The main avenue of approach to Shuri Castle was known as the Ayajo Ufumichi, “Road to the Beautiful Gate.” "]
[5016,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺跡群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","東のアザナ","あがりのあざな","Agari no Azana","東のアザナは、首里城の内側の城壁の東の端に建てられた櫓です。首里城で最も標高が高い地点で、海抜約140メートルあります。","The Agari no Azana (eastern lookout) is an observation post built atop the easternmost edge of the inner wall of Shuri Castle."]
[5017,"沖縄県","「琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺跡群」世界遺産登録20周年記念事業実行委員会","史跡","銭蔵","ぜにくら","Zenikura ","銭蔵は、首里城の城郭の通用口である久慶門近くの内側と外側の城壁に囲まれたエリアに立っていたいくつもの建築物の1つでした。","The Zenikura (money storehouse) was one of a number of buildings that stood in the space between the inner and outer castle walls near the Kyukeimon Gate, one of the main entrances of the castle. "]
[5021,"北海道・青森県・秋田県・岩手県","縄文遺跡群世界遺産登録推進会議","史跡","中空土偶","ちゅうくうどぐう","hollow clay figurine (chuku dogu) ","最も高く評価されている出土品は、「中空土偶」です。この土偶は、野菜畑を耕していた女性によって発見されました。","The most prized artifact is a hollow clay figurine (chuku dogu) that was discovered by a lady tending her vegetable garden. "]
[5028,"北海道・青森県・秋田県・岩手県","縄文遺跡群世界遺産登録推進会議","史跡","土器片","どきへん","potsherds","最も厚いところで1.5mに達していた土器片の層が、地面に埋められた状態で発見されています。","Deep layers of potsherds—1.5 meters at their thickest—were found buried in the earth. "]
[5033,"北海道・青森県・秋田県・岩手県","縄文遺跡群世界遺産登録推進会議","史跡","炉床","ろしょう","hearth","内部には炉床があり、貯蔵庫として屋根裏部屋のような空間を備えた建物もあったと考えられています。","Their interiors have a hearth, and some dwellings may also have had an attic-like space for storage."]
[5035,"北海道・青森県・秋田県・岩手県","縄文遺跡群世界遺産登録推進会議","史跡","配石","はいせき","stone arrangement","この環状列石は、外側に2つの環があり、中心には楕円形の配石があります。","The circle is composed of two outer rings and an oval-shaped stone arrangement in the center. "]
[5040,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","山岳","ポンマチネシリ","ぽんまちねしり","Pon-machineshiri","雌阿寒岳の山頂であるポンマチネシリ (1,499 m) は、7,000年前に噴火を始めました。","Mt. Meakan’s tallest peak, Pon-machineshiri (1,499 m), began erupting 7,000 years ago. "]
[5045,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","その他","クジラヒゲ","くじらひげ","baleen","先史時代のクジラの中には、歯がなくなり「クジラヒゲ」を備えるようになった種があります。クジラのヒゲは、上あごから垂れ下がった、ブラシの毛のようなもので、オキアミなどの小さな獲物を水から濾し取ります。","In some prehistoric whales, the teeth were eventually replaced by baleen—filter-like bristles that hang from plates in the upper jaw and strain small prey like krill from the water. "]
[5049,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","横綱","よこづな","yokozuna","大鵬は、17歳の時に相撲部屋に入り、 21歳で史上最年少 (当時) の横綱になりました。","He joined a sumo stable when he was 17, going on to become the youngest ever yokozuna (grand champion) at the time, at age 21. "]
[5052,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","集落・街","コタン","こたん","kotan","屈斜路コタンアイヌ民族資料館は、「コタン」と呼ばれるアイヌの村がかつてあった場所に位置しています。","The Kussharo Kotan Ainu Museum stands on the former site of an Ainu village, known as a kotan. "]
[5057,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","史跡","ヌササン","ぬささん","nusasan","建物の中には23本の木柱があり、これらはヌササン (祭壇。アイヌの家屋の外に設けられる聖なる祈りの場) を表しています。","Twenty-three wooden pillars inside the building represent the nusasan (altar), a sacred place of worship erected outside of Ainu homes. "]
[5063,"北海道","（知床国立公園）羅臼町","食","海鮮丼","かいせんどん","kaisendon","この地域に訪れた際は、地元で獲れる様々な魚介類について学ぶことができる教室に参加し、ウニや他の季節の鮮魚をトッピングした自分だけの海鮮丼を作ることができます。","Visitors to the area can join a class to learn about the wide variety of local seafood and create their own kaisendon, a bowl of rice topped with fresh sea urchin (uni) and a selection of other seasonal sashimi. "]
[5068,"北海道","（知床国立公園）羅臼町","海岸・岬","オホーツク海","おほーつくかい","Sea of Okhotsk","晴れた日に山頂へ行くことができれば、そこを取り囲む山々の景色とオホーツク海を眺めることができます。","Hikers reaching the peak on a clear day can view the surrounding mountain landscape and the Sea of Okhotsk."]
[5073,"北海道","（知床国立公園）羅臼町","動物","シベリアシマリス","しべりあしまりす","Siberian chipmunk","羅臼町を訪れた際は、クマやシカなどの大型哺乳類だけでなく、キツネ、野ウサギ、オコジョ、シベリアシマリスといった多くの小型哺乳類にも遭遇するかもしれません。","During a trip to Rausu, visitors may encounter large mammals such as bears and deer, along with a host of other smaller mammals such as foxes, hares, stoats, and Siberian chipmunks."]
[5075,"北海道","（知床国立公園）羅臼町","動物","鳥類","ちょうるい","avian species","大型の絶滅危惧種であるシマフクロウやオオワシから、ハシボソミズナギドリや小型のよく鳴く鳴き鳥の大きな群れまで、知床の空には、1年を通して、さまざまな鳥類が舞っています。","From large and endangered Blakiston’s fish owls and Steller’s sea eagles to vast flocks of short-tailed shearwaters and small, vocal songbirds, the Shiretoko sky is full of avian species throughout the year."]
[5080,"北海道","（知床国立公園）羅臼町","その他","クマ目撃","くまもくげき","bear sightings","羅臼町に2か所あるビジターセンターでは、最近のクマ目撃情報や気象警報に関する重要な情報を提供しており、ハイキングに関する貴重なアドバイスも提供しています。","Rausu’s two visitor centers provide important information on recent bear sightings and weather warnings and can offer valuable hiking advice. "]
[5082,"北海道","（知床国立公園）羅臼町","動物","シマフクロウ","しまふくろう","Blakiston’s fish owl","世界最大のフクロウであるシマフクロウは、羅臼の森に育つ高木に巣をつくります。","The rare Blakiston’s fish owl—the world’s largest owl—nests in the large trees in Rausu’s forests. "]
[5087,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","泥炭","でいたん","peat","泥炭は、湿地や湿地帯で、湿った状態と低温で枯れた植物の物質が十分に分解されないようにするために生成されます。","Peat is created in wetlands and bogs when wet conditions and cold temperatures prevent dead plant matter from decomposing fully. "]
[5092,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","動物","エゾカオジロトンボ","えぞかおじろとんぼ","ezokaojiro tonbo","湿地帯には、国の天然記念物に指定されているエゾカオジロトンボをはじめとする絶滅危惧種の昆虫が生息しています。","The wetlands are home to endangered insects protected as Natural Living Monuments of Japan, including the ezokaojiro tonbo dragonfly (Leucorrhinia intermedia ijimai) "]
[5096,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","動物","スズメバチ","すずめばち","Japanese giant hornet","釧路には数種類のスズメバチが生息しており、その中には世界最大級のスズメバチ（ベスパ・マンダリニア・ジャポニカ）も含まれています。","There are several species of hornet in Kushiro, including one of the world’s largest, the Japanese giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia japonica)."]
[5103,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","動物","海洋生物","かいようせいぶつ","marine animals","カニは北海道を代表する海洋生物であり、漁師にとっては有利な漁獲物です。","The crab is one of the most iconic marine animals of Hokkaido, and a lucrative catch for fishermen. "]
[5106,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","動物","マスサーモン","ますさーもん","masu salmon","サクラマスとも呼ばれるマスサーモンは、生涯の半分を川で淡水魚として過ごした後、海に回遊します。","Masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou), also called cherry salmon, live half their life in a river as freshwater fish before migrating to the ocean. "]
[5110,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","動物","溯河性魚類","さくかせいぎょるい","anadromous","シシャモは溯河性魚類で、海から淡水に移動して産卵することを意味します。","Shishamo are anadromous, meaning that they migrate from the sea to freshwater to spawn. "]
[5115,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","史跡","土器片","どきへん","pottery fragments","薩門時代の土器片はより薄く、表面は滑らかで焦げ目がついていました。","Pottery fragments of the Satsumon period were thinner, with smooth, burnished surfaces. "]
[5120,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","建造物等","吹鳴器","すいめいき","sounder","\"吹鳴器\"と呼ばれるラッパ状の部分は、圧縮空気を増幅させて低周波の警告音を発生させていました。\n","The trumpet-shaped part, known as a “sounder,” amplified compressed air to create a low-frequency warning tone. "]
[5122,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","その他","友子","ともこ","tomoko","鉱夫たちは、友子と呼ばれる作業班を組織し、それぞれの班の長は先輩鉱夫が監督する役割を担っていました。","Miners organized themselves into work teams called tomoko (“friendship groups”), each headed by a senior miner in a supervising role. "]
[5127,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","その他","ポンポン","ぽんぽん","ponpon","熱球エンジンを搭載した船は、エンジンのリズミカルな音からポンポン船と呼んでいました。","Boats with a hot-bulb engine were called ponpon boats for the rhythmical sound of the engine. "]
[5134,"北海道","（釧路湿原国立公園）釧路市多言語化推進協議会","その他","象徴","しょうちょう","symbolize","釧路の希少なニホンヅルの個体数を象徴するデザインです。","The design symbolizes Kushiro’s rare population of Japanese cranes."]
[5138,"青森県","（三陸復興国立公園）種差海岸インフォメーションセンター運営協議会","動物","ウミネコ","うみねこ","umineko\nblack-tailed gulls","蕪島はこの島のシンボルであるウミネコ（Laurus crassirostris）の重要な繁殖地です。","Kabushima is an important breeding ground for umineko, the black-tailed gulls (Larus crassirostris) that are symbols of the island."]
[5139,"青森県","（三陸復興国立公園）種差海岸インフォメーションセンター運営協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","蕪嶋神社","かぶしまじんじゃ","Kabushima Jinja Shrine","蕪島休憩所に面した丘の上には、鎌倉時代（1185-1333）に創建された蕪嶋神社があります。","Kabushima Jinja Shrine, visible atop the hill opposite the Rest Area, dates back to the Kamakura period (1185–1333)."]
[5144,"青森県","（三陸復興国立公園）種差海岸インフォメーションセンター運営協議会","海岸・岬","大須賀海岸","おおすかかいがん","Osuka Beach","2.3kmにわたって広がる大須賀海岸は、東北地方にある端から端まで歩いて横断できる海岸の中で最大級の浜です。","Osuka Beach is 2.3 kilometers long, making it one of the largest stretches of beach in the Tohoku region that can be traversed entirely on foot."]
[5150,"青森県","（三陸復興国立公園）種差海岸インフォメーションセンター運営協議会","海岸・岬","種差天然芝生地","たねさしてんねんしばふち","Tanesashi Natural Lawn","種差天然芝生地は、淀の松原を抜けたところにあります。","The Tanesashi Natural Lawn is located beyond the Yodo Pine Grove."]
[5153,"青森県","（三陸復興国立公園）種差海岸インフォメーションセンター運営協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","道仏館","どうぶつかん","Dobutsu Fort","館神社が立っている場所には、かつて、500年以上前に建てられた道仏館という丘城がありました。","Tate Jinja Shrine stands on the site of what was once Dobutsu Fort, built here over 500 years ago."]
[5157,"青森県","（三陸復興国立公園）種差海岸インフォメーションセンター運営協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","潮山神社","うしおやまじんじゃ","Ushioyama Jinja Shrine","潮山神社は、剣の神である経津主神（ふつぬしのみこと）を祀っています。","Ushioyama Jinja Shrine is dedicated to Futsunushi no Mikoto, the Shinto deity of swords."]
[5162,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）月山ビジターセンター運営協議会","その他","病","やまい","maladies","周辺の村に住む人々は、二日酔いから関節炎まで、幅広い病に対する自然療法について、修験道の行者の経験を信頼していました。","People living in surrounding villages relied on Shugendo practitioners’ experience for natural remedies for a range of maladies from hangovers to arthritis. "]
[5167,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）月山ビジターセンター運営協議会","動物","モリアオガエル","もりあおがえる","Forest green tree frogs (Rhacophorus arboreus)","モリアオガエル (学名: Rhacophorus arboreus) は、この地域の沼地や池でよく見られます。","Forest green tree frogs (Rhacophorus arboreus) are commonly seen in the area’s swamps and ponds. "]
[5173,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）月山ビジターセンター運営協議会","人物・人名・役職名","平将門","たいらのまさかど","Taira no Masakado","最初の塔は、平将門 (903～940年) の命令によって建設されたと信じられています。平将門は、天皇への反乱を率いた武士です。","The original pagoda is believed to have been built by the order of Taira no Masakado (903–940), a warrior who led a rebellion against the emperor. "]
[5174,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）月山ビジターセンター運営協議会","その他","自給自足","じきゅうじそく","self-sufficiency","修験者は、自給自足と創意工夫に価値を置いており、山にある食べられるものは何でも利用していました。","They valued self-sufficiency and resourcefulness and used anything edible on the mountains. "]
[5182,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）月山ビジターセンター運営協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","テレインパーク","てれいんぱーく","terrain","また、ハーフパイプ、フリースタイル用のテレインパーク（スノーパーク）、そり乗り場もあります。","It also has a half pipe, a terrain park (snow park) for freestyle skiing, and a sledding area."]
[5185,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","植物","アケビ","あけび","chocolate vine","どんぐり、ブナの実、栗の他、サルナシやアケビなどがツキノワグマの食料になる。","They feed on acorns, beech nuts, and chestnuts, as well as on the fruits of hardy kiwi and chocolate vine."]
[5191,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","自然現象","生き物たちの相互依存性","いきものたちのそうごいぞんせい","interdependence of life","ガイドは、森に棲む生き物たちの相互依存性について説明し、珍しい樹皮の質感やこだまする鳥の鳴き声、葉をつぶしたときの渋い香りなど詳細に解説してくれる。","The guides explain the interdependence of life in the forest and point out details such as an unusual bark texture, an echoing bird call, or the astringent scent of a crushed leaf."]
[5192,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","その他","季節に合わせて内容が変わる","きせつにあわせてないようがかわる","(to) tailor to the season","無料ミニプログラム（ふれあいの森での30分間のツアー）は予約不要で、季節に合わせて内容が変わる。","Free short programs (30-minute tours in the Recreation Zone) require no reservation and are tailored to the season.","※「tailored ~」は形容詞として使われます。「(to) tailor ~」は不定詞の動詞形."]
[5197,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","植物","クマザサ","くまざさ","kuma bamboo grass","枯れ木の幹のあいだから、雪に覆われたクマザサの緑と白の葉が顔を出す。","Among the trunks of bare trees, the dense green-and-white leaves of kuma bamboo grass peek through the snow."]
[5200,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","山岳","溶岩ドーム","ようがんドーム","lava dome","驚くべきことに、現在の形状が形成されたのは最近のことである。山頂の溶岩ドームは、1408年から1410年に起こった一連の噴火により形成された。","Today, Mt. Chausu is the only active volcano in the range. Its current shape is startlingly recent: the lava dome at its peak was created by a series of eruptions between 1408 and 1410."]
[5208,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","岩石・洞窟","殺生石","せっしょうせき","the Killing Stone","アクセスの良いこのエリアには、殺生石のほかにも文化的、歴史的に深い意味を持つ場所がいくつか存在する。","In addition to the Killing Stone, this easily accessible area has several sites with deep cultural and historical significance.","※引用符の使用は任意ですが、「the」は省略してはいけません。"]
[5209,"栃木県","（日光国立公園）環境省関東地方環境事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山岳修験者","さんがくしゅげんじゃ","mountain ascetics","おおるり温泉は、かつて山岳修験者が身を清めるために利用していたもので、1860年に発見された。","Originally reserved for mountain ascetics who used it for self-purification, Ōruri Onsen was discovered in 1860.","※単数形は「ascetic」で、複数形は「ascetics」です。"]
[5215,"神奈川県","（富士箱根伊豆国立公園（箱根地域））環境省関東地方環境事務所","植物","サンショウバラ","さんしょうばら","sansho-bara (Rosa hirtula) rose","窓のすぐ外には花の広場があり、春にはスミレや富士桜、5月と6月にはサンショウバラ（Rosa hirtula）、夏の後半には各種アザミなど、季節ごとにさまざまな花が咲きます。","Immediately outside the windows is Hana no Hiroba (“Flower Field”), where different flowers bloom in every season, including violets and Fuji cherry blossoms in spring, sansho-bara (Rosa hirtula) roses in May and June, and various kinds of thistles later in summer. "]
[5220,"神奈川県","（富士箱根伊豆国立公園（箱根地域））環境省関東地方環境事務所","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","平和の鳥居","へいわのとりい","Heiwa no Torii (“Torii of Peace”)","箱根神社の前には、水上に真っ赤な平和の鳥居があります。","the bright red Heiwa no Torii (“Torii of Peace”) in the water in front of Hakone Shrine."]
[5225,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","温泉","沢渡温泉","さわんどおんせん","Sawando Onsen\n","現在沢渡温泉となっているエリアは、鎌倉時代（1185–1333）に各地方と幕府の所在地であった鎌倉の町とを結んでいた、かつての幹線道路網上の宿場町でした。","The area that is now Sawando Onsen was once a post town on the old highway network that connected various parts of the country with the city of Kamakura, the seat of the shogunate during the Kamakura period (1185–1333). "]
[5229,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","バイカモ","ばいかも","baikamo","夏の期間には、最も清らかな水の中でしか育たないJapanese water buttercup（バイカモ）の白くきらめく花々が、この浅い川を埋め尽くします。","During the summer months, the brilliant white flowers of the Japanese water buttercup (baikamo), which grows only in the cleanest water, fill the shallow river. ","※「baikamo」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「Japanese water buttercup」も使用することも可能。"]
[5232,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","建造物等","岳沢小屋","だけさわごや","Dakesawa Goya Hut","2010年に登山者用の宿泊施設として建てられた山小屋、岳沢小屋は、標高2,170メートルの場所にあります。","The Dakesawa Goya Hut, a mountain lodge built in 2010 to accommodate hikers, stands at an elevation of 2,170 meters."]
[5239,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","高原・湿原・原野","桔梗ヶ原","ききょうがはら","Kikyogahara Plain","桔梗ヶ原は乗鞍岳の山頂付近に広がっています。","The Kikyogahara Plain stretches out near the top of Mt. Norikura."]
[5243,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","山岳","双六岳","すごろくだけ"," Mt. Sugoroku","鏡平は海抜2,300メートルの場所にあり、新穂高温泉と双六岳を結ぶ小池新道からアクセスすることができます。","Kagamidaira Plain stands at 2,300 meters above sea level, and is accessible from the Koike Shindo Trail which connects Shin-Hotaka Onsen with Mt. Sugoroku."]
[5244,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","滝","平湯大滝","ひらゆおおたき","The Great Hirayu waterfall","平湯大滝は、平湯温泉温泉郷の近くにあります。","The Great Hirayu waterfall is close to the Hirayu Onsen hot-spring village. "]
[5248,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","クリヤ谷登山道","くりやだにとざんどう","Kuriyadani Valley Trail ","クリヤ谷登山道も山頂に続いていますが、この道は困難な場合もあるので、経験豊富な登山家のみが挑戦すべきでしょう。","The Kuriyadani Valley Trail also leads to the summit, but it can be difficult and should be attempted only by experienced mountaineers."]
[5255,"長野県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","食","朴葉味噌","ほおばみそ","hoba miso","朴葉味噌は、岐阜県飛騨地方の郷土料理です。","Hoba miso is a local dish of the Hida region of Gifu Prefecture.","※「hoba」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[5260,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","自然現象","豪雪","ごうせつ","abundant snowfall","このような条件が豪雪をもたらし、その溶けた雪が大河川である利根川（とねがわ）の源流となり、80,000ヘクタールを超える森林を育んでいる。","These conditions create abundant snowfall, which melts to form the headwaters of the mighty Tone River and feeds over 80,000 hectares of forest."]
[5262,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","その他","規制員","きせいいん","park staff","また、入り口にはマイカー規制員も常駐しており、情報提供や安全確認を行っている。","Park staff have also been stationed at the entrance to provide information and conduct safety checks."]
[5267,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","動物","翼長・翼幅","よくちょう・よくふく","wingspan","イヌワシは、獲物を見つけるためその長い翼長を活かして気流に乗り、広範囲にわたって滑空し、空から狩りを行う。","Eagles hunt from the air, using their large wingspans to glide on ascending air currents over broad areas in search of prey."]
[5272,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","山岳","山開き","やまびらき","ceremony to “open” the mountain","現在では山岳関係者が7月第1日曜日に山開きの式典と安全登山祈願祭を執り行い、奥の院へ参拝登山を行っている。","That practice no longer continues, but a formal ceremony to “open” the mountain is performed each year on the first Sunday in July. This is followed by a prayer for safety."]
[5278,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","自然現象","雪解け","ゆきどけ","snowmelt","みなかみは、急流を下るラフティングやキャニオニングを観光客向けに始めた国内最初の場所であり、町内には利根川下り体験の事業を展開している企業が複数ある。雪解け水が川に流れ込む春には、その流れは、流れの激しさを表す世界基準6段階のうちグレード4程度になる。","Minakami has been a pioneer of commercial whitewater rafting and canyoning in Japan, and there are several companies that offer the opportunity to ride down the Tone River. In spring, when the river is fed by snowmelt, sections of its current are ranked approximately grade 4 on an international difficulty scale of 6."]
[5279,"長野県","（上信越高原国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","温泉","肌の調子を高める","はだのちょうしをたかめる","promote healthy skin","硫黄温泉は、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ナトリウムなどの海水成分を含んでおり、血圧を下げ、肌の調子を高めると考えられている。","Sulfate hot springs have seawater components, such as magnesium, calcium, and sodium, and they are believed to lower blood pressure and promote healthy skin."]
[5286,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","年中行事","式年遷宮","しきねんせんぐう","Shikinen Sengu","長年の間、この森から切り出された木材は、1300年の歴史を持つ「式年遷宮」という儀式に使われてきました。20年毎に行われる式年遷宮では、伊勢神宮の主要な社殿が、伝統的な工法を用いて丸ごと前身と全く同じつくりに建て直されます。","Lumber harvested from this forest has long been used in the 1,300-year-old ritual of Shikinen Sengu, in which the major shrine buildings and other structures of Ise Jingu are completely rebuilt with traditional craftsmanship to the same specifications every 20 years. "]
[5290,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","外套膜組織","がいとうまくそしき","ｍantle tissue","軟体動物の殻で作られた核と外套膜組織を真珠貝の母貝内部に人工的に移植します。","Mantle tissue and a bead made from the shell of a mollusk are surgically placed inside a mother of pearl oyster. "]
[5295,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","水軍武将","すいぐんぶしょう","naval general","鳥羽市を代表する歴史上の人物のひとり、九鬼嘉隆（1542-1600）は、戦国時代（1467-1568）最強の水軍武将として名を馳せました。","One of the city’s most significant historical figures, Kuki Yoshitaka (1542–1600), earned his reputation as the finest naval general of the Warring States Period (1467–1568)."]
[5300,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","在来種","ざいらいしゅ","heirloom species","この土地で生育されるソバの種類は、在来種であり、他の地域で栽培される多くの種と比べると、野生の種族に近いものである。","The strain of buckwheat grown here is an heirloom species, closer to wild varieties than the domesticated strains common elsewhere.","※「heirloom species」は動物ではなく植物に限る"]
[5302,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","植物","珪藻","けいそう","diatom","当時、この水域には、珪藻と呼ばれる非常に小さな単細胞性の藻類が生育していた。","During that time, tiny single-celled algae called diatoms lived in the waters.","※単数形は「diatom」で、複数形は「diatoms」です。"]
[5307,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","郷土景観","里山","さとやま","satoyama\n","こうして出来た村を山里と呼び、山里を囲む、野原や森林を手入れした場所は、里山と称された。","Such villages were called yamasato, and the harvested fields and forests surrounding them were termed satoyama."]
[5309,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","環境に配慮（の）","かんきょうにはいりょ（の）","eco-conscious","また、同時にその木材の効率的かつ環境に配慮した活用を可能にする新しい手法（例えば、クロス・ラミネイティド・ティンバー（ＣＬＴ）などの技術）を模索している。","~ while also exploring new ways of making efficient, eco-conscious use of its wood—like technologies such as cross-laminated timber (CLT).","※形容詞として使うべき"]
[5314,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","レジャー・アクティビティ","木の上のアスレチックコース","きのうえのあすれちっくこーす","treetop obstacle course","キャンプ場の敷地内では、お客は、日陰の多い塩釜冷泉のわきでリラックスしたり、木の上のアスレチックコース（木の間で宙に浮くように設置された、小屋、ロープ、ブランコ、ネットからなる、高さ７メートル、４階建ての遊び器具）で平衡感覚や敏捷性を試したりすることができる。","Within the campground, guests can relax by the shady Shiogama Spring or test their balance and agility in the treetop obstacle course: a 7-meter-high, four-story play structure of huts, ropes, swings, and nets suspended between the trees."]
[5319,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","食","すり鉢\n\n木製のすりこぎ","すりばち\n\nもくせいのすりこぎ","mortar\n\nwooden pestle","２名の演者のうち１人がゴマをすりつぶすためのすり鉢を、もう１人が木製のすりこぎを持ち、性器に見立てることで、男女和合を表現する。","Two performers pantomime the sex act, one holding a sesame-grinding mortar and the other a wooden pestle, stand-ins for reproductive organs."]
[5325,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","食","山ぶどうの酒かす","やまぶどうのさけかす","yamabudo wine lees","このショップではまた、ブランデーや、社内で製造されたその他の酒類、例えば、山ぶどうの酒かすを蒸留して作った度数が強いグラッパや、それ自体でも、カクテルにしてもおいしい、酸味のある山ぶどう果汁などを提供している。","The shop also offers brandies and other liqueurs produced in-house, such as a potent grappa made by distilling the yamabudo wine lees, and tart yamabudo juice, delicious on its own or as a cocktail mixer."]
[5330,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","動物","ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もあります。"]
[5333,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","その他","交尾のための巣穴","こうびのためのすあな","mating den","これらはまた、交尾のための巣穴の役割も果たす。","These also serve as mating dens.","※単数形は「den」で、複数形は「dens」です。"]
[5337,"島根県","（大山隠岐国立公園）大山隠岐国立公園","動物","クロスズメバチ","くろすずめばち","yellowjackets","クロスズメバチ、アシナガバチ、クマバチなど、いくつかの種の幼虫とさなぎは、今日でも、蒜山で食べることができる。","The larvae and pupae of several species, including yellowjackets, paper wasps, and Japanese carpenter bees, are still eaten in Hiruzen today.","※単数形は「yellowjacket」で、複数形は「yellowjackets」です。"]
[5342,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園香川県地域多言語化対応協議会","植物","コウヤボウキ","こうやぼうき","koyaboki (“Koya broom”; Pertya scandens)","ウバメガシのねじれた枝の下によく生えているのはコウヤボウキ (Pertya scandens) です。コウヤボウキは、夏の終わりに紫がかった白い花を咲かせる、ハート型の葉を持つ小さな低木です。","Often found underneath their twisting branches is the koyaboki (“Koya broom”; Pertya scandens), a small shrub with heart-shaped leaves that produces white flowers with a purple hue in late summer."]
[5347,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園香川県地域多言語化対応協議会","岩石・洞窟","サヌカイト","さぬかいと","sanukite","この溶岩が固まり、サヌカイト（讃岐岩、香川県の昔の名称「讃岐国」にちなんで命名）という極めて硬い独特な黒い岩になりました。","This lava solidified into a distinctive type of extremely hard black rock called sanukite (named after Sanuki province, the old name for Kagawa Prefecture)."]
[5349,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）瀬戸内海国立公園香川県地域多言語化対応協議会","植物","チョウジガマズミ","ちょうじがまずみ","choji-gamazumi (Viburnum carlesii var. bitchiuense)","秋に黄と赤の鮮やかな色合いに変わる、鋸歯状の葉を持つ丈夫なイワシデ（朝鮮シデ、Carpinus turczaninovii）の木、香りのよいピンクの花が咲くチョウジガマズミ（Viburnum carlesii var. bitchiuense）といった植物がこれらに含まれます。","These plants include the iwashide (Korean hornbeam; Carpinus turczaninovii), a sturdy tree with serrated leaves that turn vivid shades of yellow and red in autumn, and the choji-gamazumi (Viburnum carlesii var. bitchiuense), a viburnum with fragrant pink blossoms."]
[5354,"宮崎県・鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","高原・湿原・原野","えびの高原","えびのこうげん","Ebino Kogen Highlands","秋にははるか眼下のえびの高原に深紅に色づいた木々と銀色のススキの草原が広がり、冬には雪景色や白霜が見られます。","In autumn, there is crimson foliage and silver grass far below on the Ebino Kogen Highlands, while winter brings snowscapes and hoarfrost."]
[5361,"宮崎県・鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","その他","コバルトブルー","こばるとぶるー","Cobalt-Blue ","コバルトブルーの湖水に映る紅葉","Autumn Foliage over Cobalt-Blue Waters"]
[5365,"宮崎県・鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","植物","ミミカキグサ","みみかきぐさ","mimikaki-gusa","池の周りには、タヌキモ科の食虫植物であるミミカキグサや、紫色の釣鐘型の花を咲かせるコバギボウシなど、湿った環境を好むさまざまな植物が生育しています。","Around the pond grow a range of plants that prefer the damper environment, including mimikaki-gusa, an insect-eating plant in the bladderwort family, and kobagi-boshi, recognized for its bell-shaped purple flowers. ","※「mimikaki-gusa」は斜体で表記。"]
[5366,"宮崎県・鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","工芸・美術品","甑","こしき","koshiki","この山の非常になだらかな山頂が、上部が平たい甑(こしき)と呼ばれる米を蒸す道具に似ていることから甑岳と名付けられました。","It is named after a kind of rice steamer called a koshiki, which has a flat top like the mountain’s unusually flat summit.","※「koshiki」は斜体で表記。"]
[5372,"宮崎県・鹿児島県","（霧島錦江湾国立公園）霧島錦江湾国立公園地域協議会","植物","ハイノキ","はいのき","sapphireberry ","免れるのは、シキミ（Illicium anisatum）やハイノキ（Symplocos myrtacea）のような味の良くない植物や毒のある植物だけです。","Only unpleasant-tasting or poisonous plants like Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum) and sapphireberry (Symplocos myrtacea) survive. "]
[5377,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","ササント","ささんと","sasanto","この岬には耐寒性を持つツツジの一種であるタイワンヤマツツジと広葉竹の一種であるリュウキュウチクが一面に生えています。リュウキュウチクは地元でササントと呼ばれており、昔はその葉が屋根の葺き替えに使われていました。","The cape is covered in Taiwan yama-tsutsuji, a type of hardy azalea, and Ryukyu chiku, a kind of broad-leaf bamboo known locally as sasanto, the leaves of which were traditionally used for roof thatching. ","※「sasanto」は斜体で表記。"]
[5380,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","鳳凰","ほうおう","ho-o","これらの扇はノロが神々を呼び、迎え入れるために使っていたもので、扇に描かれた鳳凰（fenghuang、日本語では「ほうおう」）と呼ばれる伝説上の鳥は、琉球文化が中国から非常に深く影響を受けていたことを示しています。 ","The noro used these fans to call and welcome deities, and their illustrations of the mythical fenghuang bird, known in Japanese as ho-o, show how deeply Ryukyuan culture was influenced by China. ","※「ho-o」は斜体で表記。"]
[5384,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","ハブ","はぶ","Habu","野生動物：ハブ","Wildlife: Habu","※「Habu」は斜体で表記。"]
[5389,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","工芸・美術品","大島紬","おおしまつむぎ","tsumugi","江戸時代（1603-1867）の後半までには、大島紬は奄美大島の特産品となっており、島民はこの織物を（サトウキビと同じように）一種の税金として薩摩藩に納めなくてはなりませんでした。","By the latter half of the Edo period (1603–1867), Oshima tsumugi had become a specialty of Amami Oshima and, like sugarcane, islanders had to supply the fabric to the Satsuma domain as a kind of tax. ","※「tsumugi」は斜体で表記。"]
[5394,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","クビキ","くびき","kubiki","これらはこの地域の方言でクビキと呼ばれる背の低い常緑樹（日本語ではツルグミ、Elaegnus glabra）を切ったものです。","These are taken from the evergreen shrub known as kubiki in the local dialect (tsurugumi in Japanese; Elaeagnus glabra). ","※「kubiki」は斜体で表記。"]
[5400,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","建造物等","高倉","たかくら","takakura","伝統的な高倉（収穫した米を貯蔵する高床の倉）をイメージしたデザインが印象的なこの記念美術館は、2001年に完成しました。","This memorial museum—built with a striking design based on traditional takakura, the stilted storehouses used to keep harvested rice—was completed in 2001. ","※「takakura」は斜体で表記。"]
[5404,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）徳之島多言語解説協議会","植物","ソテツ","そてつ","sotetsu","ソテツ（Cycas revoluta）はSago palmとしても知られます。 ","Cycad is also known as Sago palm (sotetsu; Cycas revoluta). ","※「sotetsu」は斜体で表記。"]
[5407,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）徳之島多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ノロ","のろ","noro","地元の歴史家は、この地域はかつて、土着の宗教における女性司祭であったノロの管轄地だったと考えています。","Local historians think this area was once the domain of a noro, one of the priestesses of the indigenous religion. ","※「noro」は斜体で表記。"]
[5412,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","山岳","宮之浦岳","みやのうらだけ","Mt. Miyanoura","外周たった132キロメートルであるにもかかわらず、この島には九州最高峰である1,936メートルの宮之浦岳と、46の1,000メートルを超える峰々があるため、「洋上アルプス」というあだ名が付きました。","Only 132 kilometers in circumference, this small island contains the Kyushu region’s highest peak, 1,936-meter Mt. Miyanoura, and 46 peaks over 1,000 meters, earning the island the nickname “the Alps of the sea.”"]
[5418,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","温泉","湯泊温泉","ゆどまりおんせん","Yodomari Hot Spring","湯泊海岸にある湯泊温泉では、日向層群を構成する砂岩と頁岩の交互に積み重なった層を見ることができます。","The alternating layers of sandstone and shale that make up the Hyuga Group strata are visible at Yudomari Hot Spring on the Yudomari Coast."]
[5419,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","滝","大川の滝","おおこのたき","Ohko-no-taki Waterfall","大川の滝は、88メートルを落下する屋久島で最も大きい滝です。","Ohko-no-taki Waterfall is the largest waterfall in Yakushima, plunging 88 meters.","※過去の用語集にもございますが、今回表記が異なります。"]
[5424,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","町エビス","まちえびす","Village Ebisu","一湊にあるもう一つのエビス像は屋久杉で作られており、「町エビス」として知られる小さな石の祠に祀られています。","Another Ebisu statue in Isso is made of yakusugi cedar and worshipped at a small stone altar known as the “Village Ebisu.” "]
[5427,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","その他","猿川ガジュマルの森","さるかわがじゅまるのもり","Sarukawa Gajumaru Banyan Forest","植物や絡み合った蔓が生い茂る3,990平方メートルの猿川ガジュマルの森は、志戸子ガジュマル公園とは対照的に、あまり知られていない手つかずの自然が残る場所です。","In contrast to the Shitoko Gajumaru Banyan Park, the 3,990-square-meter Sarukawa Gajumaru Banyan Forest, thick with vegetation and tangled vines, is a little-known preserve of untamed nature."]
[5435,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","植物","二代大杉","にだいおおすぎ"," Nidai Osugi (Two-Generation Great Sugi)","白谷雲水峡の二代大杉（二世代の大きなスギ）は、巨大な中空の倒木の根株の上に新しいスギが育った例で、印象的な太い根の広がりの上に二代目の樹木がそびえ立っています。","The Nidai Osugi (Two-Generation Great Sugi) at Shiratani Unsuikyo Ravine is an example of a new cedar that has grown on top of the roots of a giant hollow nurse log; the second-generation tree towers over an impressive spread of thick roots."]
[5436,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","植物","双子杉","ふたごすぎ","Twins Sugi","ヤクスギランドで見られる双子杉は、一本の切り株に太さの似た若いスギが2本生えている例です。","The Twins Sugi, found in Yakusugi Land, is an example of two young cedars of similar thickness growing on a single stump. ","※過去の用語集にもございますが、今回表記が異なります。"]
[5441,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","建造物等","さつき吊橋","さつきつりばし","Satsuki Suspension Bridge","バードウォッチングに最適な場所の一つは、白谷雲水峡のさつき吊橋の向こう側にある原生林を通る遊歩道沿いです。","One of the best places for bird-watching is along the path through the primary forest in Shiratani Unsuikyo Ravine, beyond the Satsuki Suspension Bridge."]
[5447,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","植物","平木","ひらぎ","hiragi","屋久島の土地は稲作に適していなかったため、島民は平木と呼ばれる屋久杉の屋根板で支払っていました。","Since Yakushima’s land was unsuited for rice production, islanders paid with yakusugi roof shingles, called hiragi.","※「hiragi」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「roof shingles」も使用することも可能。"]
[5451,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","岩石・洞窟","天柱石","てんちゅうせき","Heavenly Rock","安房集落の奥にある太忠岳の山頂には、天の岩（テンチュウセキ）として知られる外周60メートル、高さ40メートルの花崗岩の一枚岩が立っています。","A monolithic granite rock known as the Heavenly Rock (Tenchuseki), 60 meters in circumference and 40 meters high, stands on the peak of Mt. Tachudake beyond Anbo village."]
[5454,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","テーマ施設等","屋久島世界遺産センター","やくしませかいいさんせんたー","Yakushima World Heritage Conservation Center","屋久島世界遺産センター\n安房にあるこの施設は、1993年に屋久島がユネスコ世界遺産に登録されたことを受けて、1996年に環境省の職員による環境省の施設としてオープンしました。","Yakushima World Heritage Conservation Center—This center in Anbo opened in 1996 as a Ministry of the Environment facility staffed by ministry personnel, following Yakushima’s inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1993."]
[5459,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","山岳","新岳","しんだけ","Mt. Shindake","活火山である古岳と新岳の景観は噴気孔、噴火口、また火山亀裂を特徴としています。","The active volcanic landscape of Mt. Furudake and Mt. Shindake features vents, craters, and eruptive fissures. "]
[5465,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）公益財団法人屋久島環境文化財団","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","花尾神社","はなおじんじゃ","Hanao Jinja Shrine","金峯神社の隣に位置する花尾神社は、本土の鹿児島市にある花尾神社本社の分社です。","Hanao Jinja Shrine, located next to Kanamine Jinja Shrine, is an auxiliary of the main Hanao Jinja in the city of Kagoshima on the mainland."]
[5470,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","年中行事","ウマチー","うまちー","Umachi","5月の第15日（太陰暦）\nウマチー：人々が豊作を祈り、初穂を供えます。","Fifth Month, 15th Day (Lunar Calendar)\nUmachi: People pray for a rich harvest and make an offering of the first ears of rice."]
[5471,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","年中行事","種取り祭り","たねとりさい","Tanetorisai ","種取り祭り：かつて、これは年間で最も重要な祭りでした。前年の稲刈りから良い種籾と悪い種籾が分けられ、良い種籾は来季の田植え用として農家へ配布されました。","Tenth Month (Lunar Calendar)\nTanetorisai Festival: This was once the most important festival of the year. Seeds from the previous year’s rice harvest were separated into good and bad seeds. The good ones were distributed to the farmers for the next season’s planting. "]
[5475,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","年中行事","浜下り","はまうり","Hamauri","「浜へと下る」を意味する沖縄の言葉、浜下りは、旧暦3月3日に行われる女性の祭事を指して使われることがあります。","Hamauri, an Okinawan word meaning “descent to the beach,” sometimes refers to the women’s festival held on the third day of the third month in the old lunar calendar. "]
[5482,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","建造物等","ヒンプン","ひんぷん","hinpun","正面の石積みは「ヒンプン」と呼ばれ、外からの目隠しと魔除けの意味を持ちます。","The short standalone wall at the entrance, known as a hinpun, was meant to deter both prying eyes and evil spirits."]
[5484,"沖縄県","（慶良間諸島国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","書物","琉球国由来記","りゅうきゅうゆうらいき","Ryukyukoku Yuraiki","17世紀の中頃に薩摩から慶良間に持ち帰られたと「琉球国由来記」に記されています。","According to the Ryukyukoku Yuraiki, an account of the origins of the Ryukyu Kingdom, they were originally brought to the Keramas from Satsuma (present-day Kagoshima Prefecture) and released on Kuba Island in the mid-seventeenth century."]
[5489,"北海道","札幌市","芸能・興行・イベント","さっぽろ雪まつり","さっぽろゆきまつり","Sapporo Snow Festival ","さっぽろ雪まつりは毎年2月に1週間にわたり開催される、雪と氷の祭典です。","The Sapporo Snow Festival is a celebration of snow and ice held for one week each February. "]
[5494,"北海道","札幌市","芸能・興行・イベント","大雪像","だいせつぞう","large snow sculpture","雪まつりには通常、最大で3万トンの雪が必要になり、そのうち半分の雪が大雪像に使われます。","Up to 30,000 tons of snow are needed for the festival each year, about half of which is used for the large snow sculptures. "]
[5498,"北海道","札幌市","山岳","大倉山","おおくらやま","Mt. Okura","タワーからは、天気が良い日には大倉山のオリンピックスキージャンプ台まで見渡せます。","From the tower, it is possible to see all the way to the Olympic ski jump on Mt. Okura in clear weather. "]
[5505,"北海道","札幌市","芸能・興行・イベント","すすきのアイスワールド","すすきのあいすわーるど","Susukino Ice World ","すすきのは札幌のナイトライフの中心地であり、すすきのアイスワールドにはライトアップされた氷像がきらきらと飾られています。","Susukino is the center of nightlife in Sapporo, and Susukino Ice World is the setting for a sparkling display of illuminated ice sculptures. "]
[5506,"北海道","札幌市","芸能・興行・イベント","氷像","ひょうぞう","ice sculpture","通りの中央には、地元のホテルやレストランのシェフが彫った60の精巧な氷像が並びます。","Sixty elaborate ice sculptures carved by chefs from local hotels and restaurants line the center of the street. "]
[5513,"北海道","札幌市","テーマ施設等","食い倒れ広場","くいだおれひろば","Kuidaore Square","祭りの雰囲気を知る上で重要なである「くいだおれ」は、5丁目の「くいだおれ広場」の名前にも登場するほどの言葉です。","The word kuidaore is a key term for understanding the atmosphere at the festival. It is a common buzzword, even appearing in the name “Kuidaore Square” in 5-chome."]
[5517,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","山岳","射的山","しゃてきやま","Shateki Mountain","ファームの高い丘である射的山からは旭川地方の360度パノラマビューが見えます。","A high hill on the farm, a former shooting range for soldiers in training called Shateki Mountain, offers a 360-degree panoramic view of the Asahikawa region. "]
[5522,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","人物・人名・役職名","紫竹おばあちゃん","しちくおばあちゃん","Grandma Shichiku","90歳を優に超えていても、紫竹おばあちゃんは、ガーデンの運営を続けています。","Although well into her nineties, Grandma Shichiku continues to run the garden."]
[5527,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","動物","道産子","どさんこ","dosanko","馬は道産子と呼ばれる北海道原産の品種のものです。","The horses are a breed native to Hokkaido known as dosanko. "]
[5529,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","庭園・公園","ナチュラルオアシス","なちゅらるおあしす","Natural Oasis","「十勝ヒルズ」には、『フラワーアイランズ』、『ナチュラルオアシス』という大きな池、そして空を映し出す青い花の海『スカイミラー』があります。","Tokachi Hills encompasses flower islands, a large pond called Natural Oasis, and the Sky Mirror, a sea of flowers that echoes the blue above. "]
[5532,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","河川・渓谷","層雲峡","そううんきょう","Sounkyo","大雪森のガーデンから車でわずか30分のところに層雲峡と呼ばれる温泉街があります。","Just a 30-minute drive away from Daisetsu Mori Garden is an onsen (hot spring) resort town called Sounkyo."]
[5540,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","テーマ施設等","鳥の目になるテラス","とりのめになるてらす","Bird’s Eye Terrace ","「鳥の目になるテラス」は、大きな樹の幹の周りにつくられた高床式のウッドデッキです。","The Bird’s Eye Terrace is an elevated wooden deck, built around the trunks of huge trees. "]
[5541,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","植物","白樺","しらかば","White Birch","上野ファームには、パープルウォーク、ロングボーダー、白樺の小径、サークルボーダー、ミラーボーダーなど探索するさまざまな庭園があります。","There are various gardens to explore here, with names like Purple Walk, Long Border, White Birch Path, Circle Border, and Mirror Border. "]
[5546,"北海道","北海道ガーデン街道協議会","人物・人名・役職名","青木三四郎","あおきさんしろう","Aoki Sanshiro","彫刻家の青木三四郎氏が制作した野生動物の彫刻が森の中や川沿いに隠されています。","Wild animal sculptures created by Aoki Sanshiro can be found in the forest and along the river. "]
[5552,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","人物・人名・役職名","鹽土老翁神","しおつちのおじのかみ","Shiotsuchi Oji no Kami","海の守護神であり人々に製塩の方法を伝授した鹽土老翁神（シオツチノオジノカミ）は別宮に祀られています。","Shiotsuchi Oji no Kami, who protects the ocean and taught people the secret of salt-making, is enshrined in the detached sanctuary (betsugu)."]
[5557,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","年中行事","帆手祭","ほてまつり"," Hote Matsuri festival","春には日没後に桜がライトアップされ、「帆手祭(ほてまつり) 」では16人の男たちが重さ1トンの神輿を担いで202段の石段を下ります。","In the spring, the cherry blossoms are illuminated after dark, and during the Hote Matsuri festival, 16 men carry a 1-ton mikoshi portable shrine down the 202 steep stone steps."]
[5560,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","藻塩焼神事","もしおやきしんじ","moshioyaki salt-making ritual","この古くから伝わる塩づくりの儀式は、年に一度、鹽竈神社のふもとの門前町地域にある御釜神社で行われます。","The ancient moshioyaki salt-making ritual takes place once a year at Okama Jinja Shrine, located in the Monzenmachi area at the foot of Shiogama Jinja Shrine. "]
[5564,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","食","延縄","はえなわ","longline","この市場の目玉商品であるクロマグロは、網ではなく延縄を使って漁獲されます。","The prized black tuna sold at this market are caught using longlines, rather than nets."]
[5570,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","食","かまぼこ","かまぼこ","kamaboko","かまぼこは、売れ残った魚を利用する手段のひとつとして生まれたすり身の加工食品です。","Kamaboko are cured surimi (ground fish) cakes that originated as a way to use unsold fish."]
[5575,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","城跡・城郭・宮殿","多賀城","たがじょう","Tagajo Castle","現在では過去の権勢の名残はほとんど失われてしまいましたが、多賀城はかつて、東北地方の権力・行政・文化の主要拠点でした。","Tagajo Castle was once a major center of power, administration, and culture in the Tohoku region, although little remains of this once powerful edifice today. "]
[5576,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","郷土景観","末の松山","すえのまつやま","Suenomatsuyama Hill","末の松山と興井（沖ノ井）","Suenomatsuyama Hill and Oki no I","※初出時は\"Suenomatsuyama Hill\"とし、同じ章や段落で「末の松山」の用語を使用する際は、\"Suenomatsuyama\"とした。"]
[5584,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","史跡","大木囲貝塚","だいぎがこいかいづか","Daigigakoi Shell Mound","七ヶ浜歴史資料館から歩いてすぐの場所にある巨大な大木囲貝塚は、考古学者たちに重要な発見をもたらしました。","The massive Daigigakoi Shell Mound, located a short walk from the Shichigahama Historical Museum, has led to important discoveries for archaeologists. "]
[5587,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","郷土景観","原生地域","げんせいちいき","wilderness area","白神山地のハイキングコース、名所、アクティビティ、原生地域でのイベントの詳細が記載された地図とパンフレットが用意されている。","There are also maps and pamphlets detailing hiking trails, sites of interest, hands-on activities, and events in the wilderness area."]
[5592,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","三尺玉","さんじゃくだま","sanjaku-dama\n","これらの花火の中で最大のものは「三尺玉」で、この91センチの玉は、開いた時の直径が1キロメートルにも達する。","The largest of these fireworks are sanjaku-dama, 91-centimeter shells that create explosions of light up to a kilometer in diameter.","※「sanjaku-dama」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[5593,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","動物","鯱","しゃち","shachi","それぞれの灯籠の上部には壮大な鯱（虎の頭と鯉の体を持つ架空の生き物）が飾られ、色とりどりに描かれている。","Each lantern float is topped with magnificent shachi (mythical creatures with the head of a tiger and the body of a carp) and painted a dazzling array of colors.","※「shachi」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[5599,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","テーマ施設等","町営の健康保養施設","ちょうえいのけんこうほようしせつ","municipal health-promotion facility","「森岳温泉ゆうぱる」は、日帰りおよび宿泊で利用できる、町営の健康保養施設である。","Moritake Onsen Yūparu is a municipal health-promotion facility where guests can soak in the waters for the day, or stay overnight."]
[5604,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","巡礼路","じゅんれいろ","pilgrimage route","これらのルートは、「巡礼路」と呼ばれ、奈良時代（710～794）に始まったと考えられている。","These routes, often referred to as “pilgrimage routes,” are believed to have first appeared in the Nara period (710–794)."]
[5607,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","植物","イタヤカエデ","いたやかえで","painted maple","峨瓏の滝周辺の森林地帯には、主にイタヤカエデ、スギ、トチノキが生えている。","The woodland surrounding Garō Falls consists mostly of painted maple (Acer mono), Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), and Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata). "]
[5611,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","河川・渓谷","流域","りゅういき","drainage basin","粕毛川は、世界自然遺産白神山地の保護された世界自然遺産コアゾーンにある秋田県で唯一の流域を持つ河川である。","It is the only river in Akita with a drainage basin that lies entirely within the protected core zone of the Shirakami Sanchi World Natural Heritage Site."]
[5617,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","滝","直瀑の滝","ちょくばくのたき","plunge waterfall","不動の滝は、高さ約30メートルの直瀑の滝である。","Fudō is a plunge waterfall approximately 30 meters high."]
[5622,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","建造物等","展望室","てんぼうしつ","observation lounge","ライブパフォーマンスが行われたりする展望室もあり、地域の工芸品が展示されることもある。","There is also an observation lounge where live performances are held and local crafts are sometimes exhibited."]
[5627,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","動物","鰰","はたはた","Japanese sandfish","地元の名物であるハタハタは、年末に入荷されると多くの客を魅了する。","Japanese sandfish (hatahata) is a local specialty that draws a lot of customers when it arrives at year’s end."]
[5631,"秋田県","あきた白神観光連絡調整協議会","建造物等","溶鉱炉","ようこうろ","blast furnace","2年後、銀山が稼行され、1907年には、銅鉱石を精錬するための溶鉱炉が近くに建設された。","In 1907, a blast furnace was built nearby to smelt copper ore."]
[5634,"山形県","鶴岡市","芸能・興行・イベント","猿楽","さるがく","sarugaku ","そのルーツは、猿楽(能より前の劇の一種)にあります。今日、能の現代的な流派には、観世、宝生、金春、金剛、喜多があります。","Its roots are in sarugaku (a form of theater pre-dating noh), mime, and acrobatics. Today there are five contemporary schools of noh: Kanze, Konparu, Hosho, Kongo, and Kita."]
[5639,"山形県","鶴岡市","芸能・興行・イベント","水焔の能","すいえんののう"," noh on the water (Suien no Noh)","10月中旬に「蝋燭能」、8月に「水焔の能」が開催されます。","Two special performances are also held each year. Candlelight noh (Rosoku Noh) is held in mid-October and torchlight noh on the water (Suien no Noh) is held in August."]
[5645,"山形県","鶴岡市","その他","下座","しもざ","lower troupe (shimoza)","上座と下座の両方で使用される江戸時代（1603〜1867）の衣装。 ","An Edo period (1603–1867) costume used by both the upper troupe (kamiza) and lower troupe (shimoza). "]
[5646,"山形県","鶴岡市","芸能・興行・イベント","大地踏み","だいちふみ","daichifumi (stomping of the earth","午前2時頃には、神々の使者として子供が舞を踏みつける大地踏みの儀式が続きます。","At about 2:00 p.m., ceremonies continue with the daichifumi (stomping of the earth) ritual whereby two young boys acting as messengers of the deities stomp their feet on the stage. "]
[5650,"山形県","鶴岡市","人物・人名・役職名","春日大明神","かすがだいみょうじん","Kasuga Daimyojin","1727年に黒川村四所大明神と呼ばれ、1793年に能楽に関連して使用された木製の名卓に見られるように、名前が春日大明神に変更されました。","In 1727, it was known as Kurokawa Mura Shisho Daimyojin and, in 1793, its name was changed to Kasuga Daimyojin, as found on a wooden name table used in connection with noh performances."]
[5657,"山形県","鶴岡市","年中行事","雛祭り","ひなまつり","hinamatsuri (Dolls’ Festival to pray for the success and health of girls)","北前船はまた、ひなまつり(女の子の成功と健康を祈る人形祭り)のお菓子を作る習慣を鶴岡にもたらしました。","The northern-bound ships also brought the custom of making sweets for hinamatsuri (Dolls’ Festival to pray for the success and health of girls) to Tsuruoka. "]
[5662,"東京都","大本山　\n増上寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","安国殿","あんこくでん","Ankokuden","安国殿","Ankokuden (Prayer Hall)"]
[5664,"東京都","大本山　\n増上寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","徳川将軍家墓所","とくがわしょうぐんけ\nぼしょ","Tokugawa Graveyard","徳川将軍家墓所","Tokugawa Graveyard"]
[5669,"東京都","大本山　\n増上寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","知恩院","ちおんいん","Chion-in","増上寺は東日本の浄土宗本山であり、この宗派では総本山である京都の知恩院に次いで重要な寺院です。","Zojoji is the main Jodo sect temple for eastern Japan, making it second only to the sect’s head temple of Chion-in in Kyoto. "]
[5674,"東京都","大本山　\n増上寺","植物","紫露草","むらさきつゆくさ","Murasaki tsuyukusa","紫露草","Murasaki tsuyukusa"]
[5678,"神奈川県","宗教法人\n報国寺","食","落雁","らくがん","rakugan","提供される和菓子は落雁で、これは砂糖などを混ぜたものを木の型で押しかためて、春なら桜のように季節を感じさせる形にしたものです。","The sweets served are rakugan, made by pressing a sugar mixture into wooden molds in seasonal shapes such as cherry blossoms in spring."]
[5681,"神奈川県","宗教法人\n報国寺","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","山門","さんもん","sanmon","参拝者は山門を通って報国寺に入り、そのまま順路に沿って苔庭を進みます。","Visitors enter the temple through the main gate (sanmon) and follow the path through the moss garden."]
[5686,"神奈川県","建長寺多言語解説整備協議会","工芸・美術品","双龍図","そうりゅうず","Soryu zu\n","彼は双龍図と呼ばれる京都の建仁寺の天井に描かれた有名な円形の龍の画の作者でもあります。","He also painted the famous dragon medallion on the ceiling of Kenninji Temple in Kyoto called Soryu-zu."]
[5692,"神奈川県","建長寺多言語解説整備協議会","その他","天狗","てんぐ","tengu","天狗とは、山に住む妖怪のような伝説の生き物です。","Tengu are legendary goblin-like creatures who live in the mountains."]
[5697,"神奈川県","建長寺多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","開山堂","かいさんどう","kaisando","西来庵には、本堂、食堂、禅堂、そして道隆に捧げられた開山堂があります。","Beyond this gate are the monastery’s main hall (hondo), dining hall (jikido), Zen meditation hall (zendo), and founder’s hall (kaisando) where Daolong is enshrined."]
[5702,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","建造物等","権現造","ごんげんづくり","gongen-zukuri","本殿の建物は、拝殿と幣殿および本殿から成っており、江戸期（1603年–1867年）の武家に崇敬された神社の多くと同様の建築様式、流権現造の一つ屋根の下にそれらが纏まっています。","The main shrine building includes a worship hall (haiden), offering hall (heiden), and main sanctuary (honden), all under one roof in a variant of the gongen-zukuri style that was popular during the Edo period (1603–1867) and employed at many shrines favored by the ruling warrior class. "]
[5704,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","若宮","わかみや","Wakamiya Shrine","若宮は、鶴岡八幡宮で本殿に次ぐ重要な社です。","The Wakamiya Shrine is the second most important shrine at Tsurugaoka Hachimangu, after the Main Shrine.","※特定の神社の場合はWakamiya Shrineと表記します。"]
[5709,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","芸能・興行・イベント","鎌倉神楽","かまくらかぐら","Kamakura kagura","この行事では鎌倉期（1185年–1333年）に端を発する、神事と音楽と舞を組み合わせた鎌倉神楽が来年の豊作を祈って奉仕されます。","The event includes Kamakura kagura, a dramatic combination of ritual and dance that originated in the Kamakura period (1185–1333) and is performed to pray for a bountiful harvest in the coming year."]
[5711,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","建造物等","大石段","だいせきだん(おおいしだん）","grand stone staircase","本殿に通じる大石段は12世紀に造られたもので、楼門前からは鎌倉の町と海を見晴るかす素晴らしい景色が眺められます。","The grand stone staircase that leads to the Main Shrine was built in the twelfth century, and there is a superb view over the city of Kamakura and out to sea from the top."]
[5716,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","人物・人名・役職名","白旗大明神","しらはただいみょうじん","Shirahata Daimyojin","白旗という名前は、源氏が戦で用いた旗にちなんだもので、頼朝の神号である白旗大明神の語源になっています。","The name shirahata (white flag) refers to the banners used by the Minamoto clan in battle, which inspired Yoritomo’s name as a deity: Shirahata Daimyojin (Great Luminous Deity of the White Flags)."]
[5721,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","郷土景観","若宮大路","わかみやおおじ","Wakamiya Oji Avenue","一ノ鳥居は、若宮大路に沿う鶴岡八幡宮の表参道の入口を示しています。","The First Torii gate marks the start of the main approach to Tsurugaoka Hachimangu along Wakamiya Oji Avenue."]
[5725,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","芸能・興行・イベント","小笠原流","おがさわらりゅう","Ogasawara school","小笠原流は、その伝統を受け継いでおり、9月16日の格式高い神事において、流鏑馬を奉納します。","The Ogasawara school of mounted archery performs yabusame in an elaborate and highly formalized ceremony on September 16."]
[5732,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","下拝殿","しもはいでん","Lower Worship Hall","「下拝殿」とも呼ばれ、大石段を上れない人も本宮をここから参拝することができます。 ","It is also known as the Lower Worship Hall, where visitors unable to climb the stairs to the Main Shrine can pray to its deities from a distance."]
[5735,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","元八幡","もとはちまん","Moto Hachiman","「元八幡」とも呼ばれるこの宮は、京の帝に武将として仕えた源頼義 (988–1075) が1063年に創建しました。","Also known as Moto Hachiman (Original Hachiman), it was established in 1063 by Minamoto no Yoriyoshi (988–1075), a military commander serving the emperor in Kyoto."]
[5739,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","工芸・美術品","螺鈿","らでん","raden","矢立ては、金粉を散りばめた漆の地（沃懸地）に、螺鈿（らでん）で杏の葉文様をあしらったものです。","The quivers are decorated with mother-of-pearl inlays (raden) in an apricot-leaf pattern on a ground of lacquer densely sprinkled with gold powder (ikakeji)."]
[5744,"神奈川県","鶴岡八幡宮","山岳","大臣山","だいじんやま","Mt. Daijin","明治天皇は、皇政復古により700年近く続いた武士の支配が終わった6年後の1873年に、鶴岡八幡宮の裏山の大臣山から軍事演習を見学するために鎌倉を訪れました。","In 1873, six years after the restoration of imperial rule had ended almost seven centuries of warrior dominion over Japan, Emperor Meiji visited Kamakura to observe a military exercise from Mt. Daijin, the mountain behind Tsurugaoka Hachimangu."]
[5749,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","吉乃川","よしのがわ","Yoshinogawa Sake Brewery","その先にある吉乃川では、新潟名物の良質な米と湧き水を使った日本酒を中心としたお酒を製造しています。","Down the street, the Yoshinogawa Sake Brewery produces mainly alcoholic drinks, including sake using Niigata’s famous high-quality rice and spring water."]
[5751,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","道しるべ地蔵","みちしるべじぞう","Michishirube Jizo statue","旧三国街道（highway）の分岐点にある道しるべ地蔵は、幸運のお守りであり、旅行者のガイドでもあります。","The Michishirube Jizo statue at the main fork in the Old Mikuni Kaido (Highway) acts as both a good luck charm and a guide for travelers."]
[5756,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","鏝絵","こてえ","kote-e","軒は龍の装飾が施され、窓のシャッターには鏝絵と呼ばれる複雑な石膏の浮き彫りが施されています。","The eaves are decorated with ornate dragon designs, and the shutters for the windows feature intricate plaster reliefs called kote-e (“trowel pictures”). "]
[5763,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","石炭焼成炉","せきたんしょうせいろ","coal-fired furnaces","18世紀後半から19世紀半ばにかけて、醤油メーカーでは、生産工程の中でこのような大規模な煙突を石炭焼成炉と組み合わせて生産することは多くありました。","During the late eighteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries, it was common for soy sauce makers to use such large-scale chimneys in conjunction with coal-fired furnaces as part of their production process."]
[5767,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","乗物","アメリカ太平洋艦隊主力戦艦群","あめりかたいへいようせんたいしゅりょくせんたいぐん","U.S. Navy’s Pacific Fleet","1941年12月7日（日）、日本軍はアメリカ太平洋艦隊主力戦艦群を攻撃しました","On Sunday, December 7, 1941, Japanese forces attacked the main battleships of the U.S. Navy’s Pacific Fleet. "]
[5768,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","博物館・美術館","アリゾナ記念館 ","ありぞなきねんかん","The USS Arizona Memoria","アリゾナ記念館\n沈没したUSSアリゾナは、1941年12月の真珠湾攻撃で命を落とした1,177人の乗組員のうち1,102人の最後の休憩所として機能します。 ","The USS Arizona Memorial\nThe sunken USS Arizona serves as the final resting place of 1,102 of the 1,177 crew members who lost their lives during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941. "]
[5773,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","人物・人名・役職名","山本五十六","やまもといそろく","Yamamoto Isoroku","連合艦隊司令長官の山本五十六は、1943年4月18日朝、パプアニューギニア近郊のブーゲンビル島上空で彼を乗せた輸送機が撃墜され死亡しました。","On the morning of April 18, 1943, Yamamoto Isoroku, the commander-in-chief of Japan’s naval fleet, was killed when his transport aircraft was shot down over Bougainville Island, near Papua New Guinea. "]
[5779,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","その他","防空訓練","ぼうくうくんれん","Air-Raid Drills","防空訓練\n地元町内会では、月に数回、防空訓練を実施していました。","Air-Raid Drills\nLocal neighborhood associations conducted air-raid training sessions several times a month.","*文章内では「air-raid training sessions」と簡易的名称を使用した"]
[5782,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","社会","長岡空襲","ながおかくうしゅう","Nagaoka Air Raid","アメリカ軍の長岡空襲作戦計画図 ","U.S. Military Plans for the Nagaoka Air Raid"]
[5786,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","津上工場","つがみこうじょう","Tsugami Plant ","これはあくまでも試験爆撃であり、長岡の津上工場を狙っていたにもかかわらず、雲に覆われて視界が悪くなり、左近の畑に投下されてしまいました。","This was just a test bombing, and although the bomb was intended for the Tsugami Plant in Nagaoka, the cloud cover reduced visibility, causing it to be dropped in the field in Sakon. "]
[5791,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","工芸・美術品","折り鶴","おりづる","paper crane","この小さな折り鶴には、被爆して白血病を発症した１２歳の少女の祈りが込められています。","This small paper crane contains the prayer of a 12-year-old girl who developed leukemia from the radiation she absorbed during the bombing. "]
[5796,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","庭園・公園","悠久山公園","ゆうきゅうざんこうえん","Yukyuzan Park","悠久山公園は春になると多くの人が訪れ、特に桜が満開の4月上旬から中旬にかけては多くの人で賑わいます。","Yukyuzan Park draws many visitors in the springtime, especially from early to mid-April, when the cherry blossoms are in full bloom."]
[5802,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","その他","米百俵","こめひゃっぴょう","“Kome Hyappyo” (One Hundred Sacks of Rice) ","小林氏は、より良い未来のために自分の資源を再投資することを提唱した「米百俵」の思想を展開したことで知られています。","Kobayashi is best known for developing the “Kome Hyappyo” (One Hundred Sacks of Rice) philosophy, which advocates reinvesting one’s resources to create a better future."]
[5803,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","博物館・美術館","長岡市歴史資料館","ながおかれきししりょうかん","Nagaoka City Museum of Local History","長岡市歴史資料館は、この公園の大きな魅力です。","The Nagaoka City Museum of Local History is the park’s major draw."]
[5811,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","長岡維新祭","ながおかいしんさい","Nagaoka Restoration Festival","1946年8月1日、長岡市では長岡維新祭が開催されました。","And so a new annual tradition was born, starting on August 1, 1946, when the city held the Nagaoka Restoration Festival."]
[5814,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","芸能・興行・イベント","越後長岡神輿渡御","えちごながおかみこしとぎょ","Echigo Nagaoka Mikoshi Parade","8月1日の夜には「越後長岡神輿パレード（越後長岡神輿渡御）」が開催され、全国各地のお祭りの特徴である神輿が町を練り歩く様子を見ることができます。","The Echigo Nagaoka Mikoshi Parade takes place on the evening of August 1. "]
[5820,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","その他","誠意と慈愛","せいいとじあい","Charity and Generosity","誠意と慈愛","Charity and Generosity"]
[5821,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","工芸・美術品","将棋","shogi (a Japanese variant of chess)","shogi (a Japanese variant of chess)","五十六はトランプのブリッジから、麻雀やルーレットのような運が左右するゲーム、将棋（日本版のチェス）のようなその他のゲームまで、あらゆる種類のゲームを愛していました。","Isoroku loved games of all kinds, from card games like bridge, to games of chance like mahjong and roulette, to other games like shogi (a Japanese variant of chess)."]
[5826,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","その他","皇国興廃（大日本帝国の興亡）","こうこくこうはい（だいにちにっぽんていこくのこうぼう）","“Kōkoku no kōhai” (The rise and fall of Imperial Japan) ","表には「皇国興廃（大日本帝国の興亡）」、裏には「繋在此征戦（軍事遠征によるもの）」と書かれています。","It reads, “Kōkoku no kōhai” (The rise and fall of Imperial Japan) on the front, and, “Kakarite kono seisen ni ari” (Depends on this military expedition) on the back."]
[5829,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","工芸・美術品","頒（拝呈）","わかつ（はいてい）","Wakatsu (“presented to you”) ","鎺は純銀製で、彫刻が施されています。表には「御賜（皇剣）」、裏には「頒（拝呈）」の文字が刻まれています。","The blade collar is made of pure silver, and also has engravings: Onshi (“imperial gift”) on the front, and Wakatsu (“presented to you”) on the back. "]
[5837,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","乗物","千石船","せんごくぶね","sengokubune (“thousand rice bales ships”)","北の海岸沿いに北前航路を航行していた千石船（千の米俵船）が、寺泊に庭師と岩石の両方を乗せてきました。","The ships sailing along the Kitamae route along the northern coast, also known as sengokubune (“thousand rice bales ships”), brought both the gardener and the rocks to Teradomari. "]
[5838,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","聖徳寺","しょうとくじ","Shotokuji Temple","聖徳寺\n1593年に石川県から寺泊に移転したお寺です。","Shotokuji Temple\nThis temple relocated from Ishikawa Prefecture to Teradomari in 1593."]
[5844,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","人物・人名・役職名","良寛大愚","りょうかんたいぐう","Ryokan Taigu","出家の際に良寛大愚と名がつき、「心広く寛大で愚かな人」と訳されます。","It was when he was ordained that he received the name “Ryokan Taigu,” which can be translated as, “One who is broad of heart, generous, and foolish.”"]
[5849,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","史跡","土偶","どぐう","female figurines (dogu)","これらの女性像（土偶）は粘土で作られたもので、皿状の頭部と垂れ胸、へそが特徴的です。","These female figurines (dogu) were fashioned from clay and are noteworthy for their dish-shaped heads and prominent breasts and navels"]
[5854,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","あぶらげ、栃尾名物の揚げ豆腐","あぶらげ、とちおめいぶつのあげどうふ","aburage, Tochio’s deep-fried tofu","また、名物のジャンボサイズのあぶらげ、栃尾名物の揚げ豆腐を楽しむことができます。","In addition, visitors can enjoy the famous jumbo aburage, Tochio’s deep-fried tofu specialty. "]
[5858,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","動物","錦鯉","錦鯉","Nishikigoi (multi-colored carp)","お堀の中をカラフルな錦鯉が泳いでいます。","Nishikigoi (multi-colored carp) swim in the moat."]
[5861,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","滝","竹之高地不動の滝","たけのこうちふどうのたき","Takenokochi Fudo Waterfall","高龍神社の裏手にある傾斜した道を少し歩くと、竹之高地不動の滝があります。","A short walk up the sloping road, behind Koryu Shrine, lies Takenokochi Fudo Waterfall. "]
[5868,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","祭壇","さいだん","altar","僧堂の中央にある祭壇には、知恵の菩薩である文殊菩薩像が安置されている。","The altar at the center of the Sōdō bears a statue of Manjushri, the bodhisattva of wisdom. "]
[5872,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","魚鼓","ぎょく","hanging wood carving of a creature with the body of a fish and the head of a dragon","ゲストがロビーに入ると、吊り下げられた大きな魚鼓（ぎょく）、体は魚の形で、頭は龍の形をした木製の彫刻が迎えてくれる。 柏樹關の魚鼓は、以前は永平寺で使われていたものである。","As guests enter the lobby, they are greeted by a large gyoku, a hanging wood carving of a creature with the body of a fish and the head of a dragon. Prior to being installed at Hakujukan, the gyoku hung in Eiheiji Temple."]
[5873,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","座禅","ざぜん","zazen (seated Zen practice)","柏樹關のスタッフは、宿泊客が永平寺の朝のお勤めや座禅の修行などの活動に参加する手配もしてくれる。","The staff at Hakujukan can also arrange specific activities at Eiheiji, such as attendance at the morning service or a zazen (seated Zen practice) session at the temple.","※「zazen」という言葉は英語にもありますが、一般的に「meditation」(瞑想)として定義されることが多いです。曹洞宗における「坐禅」は瞑想ではないので上記のように定義してあります。"]
[5877,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","その他","凡人・普通の人","ぼんじん・ふつうのひと","layperson","この和歌は、仏の教えを修行するために必ずしも僧侶になる必要はないという重要な暗示を伝えている。普通の人でも、自分が選んだ職業で一生懸命働きながら、お経を暗記して、その意味を理解できるのである。","This poem serves as an important reminder that one does not need to become a monk to practice the teachings of the Buddha. Even a layperson can recite and understand the meaning of sutras while working hard in their chosen occupation."]
[5884,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大心","だいしん","magnanimous mind","料理は創造（喜心）であり、子供を養い育てる親の心（老心）であり、山のように高く、海のように広い心（大心）で行われるのであり、全ての素材に平等に感謝しなければならない」と。","Furthermore, the act of cooking should be done with the joyful mind (kishin) of creation, the nurturing mind (rōshin) of a parent feeding their child, and the magnanimous mind (daishin) that is tall like a mountain and broad like the ocean, with equal appreciation for every ingredient."]
[5889,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","建造物等","フリーズ","フリーズ","frieze","祭壇の上のフリーズには地元の大工によって彫られた精巧な彫刻が施されている。","The frieze above the altar is decorated with intricate wooden carvings by local carpenters."]
[5891,"福井県","永平寺町多言語化推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","修行","しゅぎょう","spiritual training","写経は、特定の願いが叶うための祈りでもあると考えられていたが、仏教の精神的修行であり、仏教の教えを広める意味を有していた。","Sutra copying is considered a form of spiritual training and a means of spreading Buddhist teachings, though it can also be performed as a prayer for the fulfillment of a particular wish."]
[5896,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","人物・人名・役職名","北条時頼","ほうじょうときより","Hojo Tokiyori (1227–1263)","鎌倉の事実上の将軍である北条時頼（1227-1263）","Hojo Tokiyori (1227–1263), the de facto shogun in Kamakura"]
[5901,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","人物・人名・役職名","東条景信","とうじょうかげのぶ","Tojo Kagenobu","日蓮帰国の知らせが安房東条郡の東条景信に届くと、東条景信は日蓮を殺そうと画策しました。","When news of Nichiren’s return reached Tojo Kagenobu, steward of Tojo Village in Awa, he plotted to have Nichiren killed. "]
[5905,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","社会","塚原論争","つかはらろんそう","Tsukahara Debate","1272年、日蓮は佐渡で地元の僧侶から宗教論争（後の塚原論争）を挑まれ、反対派の教義に反論することができました。","In 1272, Nichiren was challenged to a religious debate by local Buddhist priests on Sado (later known as the Tsukahara Debate) and was able to refute the doctrines from opposing schools."]
[5908,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","久遠寺","くおんじ","Kuonji","身延山に建立した久遠寺は、やがて日蓮宗の総本山となりました。","The temple he established here, Kuonji, would eventually be regarded as the head temple of the Nichiren sect. "]
[5915,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","菩提悌","ぼだいてい","Bodaitei","三門のすぐ先には、1652年に建てられた古代の階段があります。この階段は「菩提梯」と呼ばれ、「悟りへの階段」を意味します。","Just beyond the Sanmon Gate is an ancient staircase built in 1652. The stairway is called the Bodaitei, which means “stairway to enlightenment.” "]
[5919,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","人物・人名・役職名","前田利常","まえだとしつね","Maeda Toshitsune","加賀藩三代藩主前田利常の母である寿福院（1570～1631）","Jufukuin (1570–1631), the mother of Maeda Toshitsune, third lord of the Kaga domain (in present-day Ishikawa prefecture)."]
[5924,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","工芸・美術品","墨龍","ぼくりゅう","Dragon Painting (Bokuryu) ","1985年（昭和60年）に新本堂の開門式が行われました。その際、天井一面に描かれた「墨龍画」がお披露目されました。","In 1875, the main hall was lost in a large fire, but after many years the entire hall was rebuilt; the opening ceremony for the new Hondo was held in 1985. During the ceremony, the Dragon Painting (Bokuryu) was unveiled, extending across the ceiling. "]
[5929,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","開経偈","かいきょうげ","Kaikyoge","開経偈：法華経を開くための詩","Kaikyoge: verses for the opening the Lotus Sutra"]
[5931,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宝塔偈\n","ほうとうげ","Hotoge","法華経の中の一節で、特別な拍子を持った宝塔偈を唱える。","Reciting Hotoge: a verse from The Lotus Sutra that has a special beat"]
[5936,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","食","団子","だんご","dango (sweet rice dumplings)","境内にはお土産屋さんがあり、新鮮なお団子が食べられます。","On the temple grounds is a souvenir shop that serves fresh dango (sweet rice dumplings). "]
[5938,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","人物・人名・役職名","波木井実長","さねながはきり","Sanenaga Hakiri (1222–1297)","1274年から1282年に日蓮が亡くなるまで、波木井実長（1222-1297）の庇護を受けてここで暮らしました。","Beginning in 1274, he lived here under the protection of Sanenaga Hakiri (1222–1297) until his death in 1282."]
[5943,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","人物・人名・役職名","因幡房","いなばぼう","Inababo","御草庵の近く、下山郷という村に因幡房という人が住んでいました。因幡房は日蓮とその弟子たちの話を聞き、毎晩のように御草庵に行って日蓮の教えを聞いていました。","Near Gosoan, a man named Inababo lived in a village called Shimoyama-go. Inababo heard about Nichiren and his disciples and would go to Gosoan every night to listen to his teachings. "]
[5948,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","Ryokan","建物は当時のまま保存しているため、部屋は畳と布団を敷いた伝統的な旅館スタイルです。","the building has been preserved in its original form, and thus the rooms are in the traditional ryokan style with tatami mats and futon bedding. "]
[5954,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","影嚮石","ようごうせき","Yogo seki","日蓮の弟子たちが龍神を見たとされる影嚮石と呼ばれる玉石もあります。","The boulder where a few of Nichiren’s disciples saw the Dragon Goddess, known as Yogo Seki, is here as well. "]
[5959,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","湖沼","一の池","いちのいけ","Ichinoike","敬慎院の裏手には、\"一の池 \"と呼ばれる池があります。","Behind Keishinin Temple is a pond known as Ichinoike, or “first pond.”"]
[5962,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","奥之院","おくのいん","Okunoin","1297年、日蓮の後継者である日郎聖人が弟子たちと一緒に七面山に登り、現在の奥之院のある場所にたどり着きました。","In 1297, Nichiren’s successor, Nichiro Shonin, climbed Mt. Shichimen with a group of disciples, reaching the area where Okunoin Temple now stands."]
[5966,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","食","七賢","しちけん","Shichiken (Seven Sages)","その中でも、山梨県で最も歴史のある酒蔵の一つである「七賢」。","Shichiken (Seven Sages), one of the oldest sake breweries in Yamanashi Prefecture. "]
[5971,"山梨県","公共財団法人 やまなし観光推進機構(地域連携DMO)","テーマ施設等","南アルプスユネスコエコパーク","みなみあるぷすゆねすこえこぱーく","the Minami Alps UNESCO Eco Park","尾白川渓谷は、北杜市の南アルプス連峰の麓に位置しています。山梨のハイキングやキャンプ場として人気のエリアです。南アルプスユネスコエコパークに登録されています。","The Ojiragawa Valley is located in the foothills of the Minami Alps range in the municipality of Hokuto. It is a popular area for hiking and camping in Yamanashi. The valley is part of the Minami Alps UNESCO Eco Park. "]
[5976,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","植物","ロウバイ","ろうばい","robai","小さな黄色い花をつけるフクジュソウ、食べると毒になるロウバイ（ジャパニーズ・オールスパイス）、明るいピンクや白のツバキやサザンカといった日本原産の花はこの時期に咲きます。","Native flowers such as fukujuso, a small yellow flower, and robai, known as Japanese allspice but toxic if eaten, flower during this period, as do bright pink and white camellia shrubs.","※「robai」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「Japanese allspice」を使用することも可能。"]
[5978,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","動植物園・水族館","浜松市動物園","はままつしどうぶつえん","Hamamatsu Zoological Garden","隣の浜松市動物園でも利用できるお得な共通入園券もあります。","Discount tickets covering access to both Hamamatsu Flower Park and the adjacent Hamamatsu Zoological Garden are available.","※公式サイトでは多数の表記が存在するため、「Hamamatsu Zoological Garden」を使用いたしました。\nhttps://www.hamazoo.net/outline_en.php"]
[5983,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","城跡・城郭・宮殿","出世城","しゅっせじょう","Castle of Success","浜松城が「出世城」として知られているのは、何世紀にもわたり、影響力のある人々がこの城に関わってきたからです。","Hamamatsu Castle is known as the “Castle of Success” due to the influential figures that have been associated with it over the centuries.","※公式サイトに「shusse \"success\" castle」のような表現も使われていますが、ネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現にするため、「Castle of Success」にいたしました。\nhttps://www.entetsuassist-dms.com/hamamatsu-jyo/en/"]
[5990,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","庭園・公園","加茂荘花鳥園","かもそうかちょうえん","Kamo Garden","加茂荘花鳥園は長い歴史がある庭園兼ナーセリー（花き栽培園）で、浜松の東にある深い森に囲まれた山々を背景にしています。","Kamo Garden is a garden park and plant nursery with a long history, located in the thickly forested mountains east of Hamamatsu.","※ご希望の表記「Kamo Garden」を採用いたしました。"]
[5994,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","植物","八重咲き","やえざき","yae-zaki","ギフトショップでは一般の市場ではなかなか見つからない珍しい品種のゆりを販売しています。その中には、限られたスペースの庭にうってつけの小さな「ミニゆり」のシリーズや、まるで1輪がもう1輪の中に入っていて2輪咲いているかのように見える八重咲きの大きめなゆりがあります。","The gift shop sells a selection of rare lilies that are hard to find commercially, including the dwarf “tiny lily” series ideal for gardens with limited space, as well as the larger, double-flowered (yae-zaki) lilies that give the impression of two lilies blooming together, one within the other.","※「yae-zaki」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「double-flowered lilies」も使用することも可能。"]
[5995,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","人物・人名・役職名","可睡和尚","かすいおしょう","the sleeping monk","それ以降、住職は「可睡和尚」として、東陽軒は「居眠りすることが許されている寺」という意味の「可睡斎」として知られるようになりました。","Thereafter, the abbot became known as “the sleeping monk,” and the temple he oversaw, Toyoken, came to be known as Kasuisai, meaning “the temple where one can sleep.”"]
[6001,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","テーマ施設等","浜名湖ガーデンパーク","はまなこがーでんぱーく","Hamanako Garden Park","浜名湖ガーデンパークは、浜名湖に突き出た小さな半島の突端に位置し、56ヘクタールある広々とした緑地です。","Hamanako Garden Park consists of 56 hectares of green, open space at the tip of a small peninsula in Lake Hamana, near central Hamamatsu.","※「浜名湖」は「Lake Hamana」になっていますが、「浜名湖ガーデンパーク」では固有名詞のため「Hamanako」が使用されています。"]
[6006,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","食","ハモ","はも","hamo","浜名湖ではウナギやハモが養殖されています。どちらも浜松ならではの特産品で、浜名湖ガーデンパークのレストランのメニューになっています。","Lake Hamana is a source of cultivated unagi and hamo eel, which are a local specialty in Hamamatsu and are served in the park’s restaurant.","※「hamo」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「eel」も使用することも可能。"]
[6009,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","龍潭寺","りょうたんじ","Ryotanji Temple","龍潭寺は733年に創設された臨済宗（禅宗）の寺院です。浜松市中心部の北に位置し、井伊谷川の近くにあります。","Ryotanji Temple was founded in 733 CE and is a Zen Buddhist temple of the Rinzai sect, located north of central Hamamatsu close to the banks of the Iinoya River."]
[6013,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","食","粽","ちまき","chimaki","庭園にも温室にも、笹の葉でくるんだ米（粽）などさまざまな種類の昔ながらの軽食やデザートを出す食事処があります。庭園と建物は1年中開放されています。","Both the gardens and greenhouse have dining facilities where a selection of traditional desserts and snacks are served, such as rice wrapped in bamboo leaves (chimaki).","※「chimaki」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「rice wrapped in bamboo leaves」も使用することも可能。"]
[6018,"静岡県","浜名湖ガーデンツーリズム推進会議","山岳","本宮山","ほんぐうさん","Mt. Hongu","小國神社の気品のある木造の神社建築は、本宮山のふもとの深い杉林の中にあります。","The elegant wooden shrine buildings are set in a dense cypress forest nestled at the base of Mt. Hongu."]
[6023,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","手水舎","ちょうづか","chozuya","入り口近くには、神社に入る前に手と口を清めるための水鉢である、手水舎があります。","Near the entrance is a chozuya, a water basin for purifying one’s hands and mouth before entering the shrine."]
[6029,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","芸能・興行・イベント","和歌","わか","waka","また天智天皇は、和歌とも関連が深い存在です。","Emperor Tenji is also closely associated with waka poetry."]
[6033,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","その他","唐","から","kara","この様式の起源は、橋の名前にも反映されています。「kara（唐）」とは中国や朝鮮を意味し、「hashi」とは橋を意味します。","The origin of the style is reflected in the bridge’s name: kara means China or Korea and hashi means bridge."]
[6036,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","工芸・美術品","琵琶","びわ","biwa","両方の山からは琵琶湖が一望でき、琵琶（日本のリュート）の形をした特徴的な湖面を見ることができます。","Both mountains afford panoramic views of Lake Biwa, showing the distinctive shape of the lake, which resembles a biwa (Japanese lute)."]
[6041,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","食","釜","かま","kama","「釜」と呼ばれる伝統的な小さな鉄製の鍋で、すべての食材を調理して提供されます。","The ingredients are all cooked and served together in a small traditional iron pot called a kama. "]
[6047,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","芸能・興行・イベント","曳山","ひきやま","hikiyama","曳山とは山車のことで、京都の祇園祭で用いられる背の高い山鉾と同じ様式です。","The floats are the wheeled hikiyama, the same style as the towering vehicles featured in Kyoto’s Gion Festival."]
[6048,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","建造物等","バッタリ床几","ばったりしょうぎ","battari shogi","主要な商店街には古い木造の店が並んでおり、各店舗の軒先には「バッタリ床几」と呼ばれる伝統的な折りたたみ式木製ベンチが置かれています。","The main shopping street is filled with old timber storefronts with traditional battari shogi folding wooden benches out the front."]
[6053,"滋賀県","湖信会　（滋賀県大津市　大津湖都十社寺）","集落・街","宿場","しゅくば","shukuba","徳川幕府は五街道を整備し、それに沿って宿場を設け、役人や旅人が旅の途中で休む場所を確保しました。","The Tokugawa shogunate developed the five roads and established post towns (shukuba) along them to ensure government officials and travelers had places to rest during their journeys."]
[6056,"京都府","西陣地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","釘抜","くぎぬき","Kuginuki","石像寺は釘抜地蔵という愛称でも知られています。本堂が釘抜と長い釘を取り付けた絵馬で覆われているからです。","Shakuzoji Temple is also known by its nickname Kuginuki (“nail puller”) Jizo because its main hall is covered in planks mounted with pliers and long nails. "]
[6064,"京都府","西陣地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","食","京菓子","きょうがし","kyogashi","京菓子は京都特有の伝統的な菓子一種です。それらのお菓子は、泡立てられた抹茶と一緒に振る舞われることが意図されています。お菓子が個別の感覚を魅了する一方で、抹茶の苦味とのバランスを取ると考えられているためです。","Kyogashi are a type of traditional sweet specific to Kyoto. These confections are intended to be served alongside whisked matcha tea, as they are thought to balance its bitterness while engaging each of the senses."]
[6065,"京都府","西陣地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","食","精進料理","しょうじんりょうり","shojin ryori","精進料理として知られる仏教料理の主なタンパク源は豆腐です。","The main source of protein in the Buddhist cuisine known as shojin ryori is tofu. "]
[6070,"京都府","西陣地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","庭園・公園","水琴窟","すいきんくつ","suikinkutsu","庭に降りる踏み石そばにある円形状のものは水琴窟といい、土でできた逆さまの陶器の甕の中を通って小さな水たまりに水滴が落ち、感覚を落ち着かせるという優しい水の音を響かせます。","The round element by the veranda is a suikinkutsu—an upside-down clay pot through which water drips into a small pool, producing a gentle splashing sound said to relax the senses."]
[6076,"京都府","京都市西京区役所","その他","特定宗教とは無関係","とくていしゅうきょうとはむかんけい","nonsectarian","現在ではこの寺は特定宗教とは無関係となり、住職の説法も各種禅宗の宗派の考えを取り入れている。","Today, the Buddhist temple is considered nonsectarian, and the lectures given by its head abbot incorporate multiple Zen traditions."]
[6080,"京都府","京都市西京区役所","年中行事","干支","えと","cycle of the Chinese zodiac","この時代、子供は１３年で一回りする干支が一周すると大人になると考えられていた。","At the time, a child was considered an adult once they had experienced one full 13-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac.","※「Chinese zodiac cycle」も大丈夫です。"]
[6083,"京都府","京都市西京区役所","その他","遺命","いめい","dying wish","二代将軍義詮の遺命によって１３６７年に頼之は管領となり、当時１０歳だった三代将軍の後見人となった。","Following the dying wish of the second shogun, Yoshiakira, in 1367 Yoriyuki assumed the role of deputy shogun (kanrei) and advisor to the third shogun, who was then just 10 years old."]
[6088,"京都府","京都市西京区役所","その他","母方の血統","ははかたのけっとう","matriarchal lineage","この方法のおかげで、パーク職員はそれぞれの猿を母方の血統で簡単にたどることができる。","Using this system, park staff can easily identify the matriarchal lineage of each monkey."]
[6094,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","守護伸","しゅごしん","guardian","八幡神は、京都と皇室の守護伸として信仰されてきたため、人々は石清水八幡宮へ厄除けを祈願しに訪れ、それは今日まで続く習慣となっています。","Because Hachiman was worshipped as a guardian of Kyoto and the imperial family, people would come here to pray for protection against misfortune, a tradition that continues to this day.","※「guardian deity」も可能。"]
[6099,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","行教","ぎょうきょう","Gyokyo","僧侶である行教が859年に石清水八幡宮を創建しました。","The monk Gyokyo founded Iwashimizu Hachimangu in 859. "]
[6100,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","複合体","ふくごうたい","shrine-temple complex","何世紀にもわたって、石清水八幡宮は、神道と仏教の両方の宗教的要素を組み合わせた複合体でした。","For many centuries, Iwashimizu Hachimangu was a shrine-temple complex that combined both Shinto and Buddhist religious elements. ","※かつて神仏習合を行っていた神社仏閣について、過去の神仏習合の時代の状態を示す表記。"]
[6104,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","史跡","史跡","しせき","historical remains","神社の境内には、多数の小さな神社、鳥居、灯籠が並ぶ小道、竹林、神泉、山中に点在する史跡もあります。","The grounds also contain numerous smaller shrines, torii gates, lantern-lined paths, bamboo groves, a sacred well, and historical remains scattered across the mountain."]
[6111,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","年中行事","石清水祭","いわしみずさい","Iwashimizu-sai","石清水八幡宮の最も重要な儀式は、9月15日に開催される石清水祭です。","The most important ritual at Iwashimizu Hachimangu is the Iwashimizu-sai, held on September 15th. "]
[6113,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神輿","みこし","portable shrine","この儀式の間、神々は3つの神輿に移され、男山のふもとに運ばれ、そこで天皇の使者が平和と国の保護のために祈祷を行います。","During this ritual, the deities are transferred to three portable shrines and carried down to the base of Mt. Otokoyama, where an imperial messenger conducts prayers for peace and protection of the nation."]
[6118,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","楼門","ろうもん","romon","本社の正面を飾る精巧な2階建ての楼門は、参拝者が通常、祈りを捧げる所です。","The elaborate two-storied romon gate that comprises the front of the main shrine is where visitors usually pray.","※「romon」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6123,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","若宮社","わかみやしゃ","Wakamiyasha","石清水八幡宮の摂社の中で最も重要な二つの摂社は、本社の敷地の北東にある1組の木造神社である若宮社と若宮伝社です。","Two of the most important auxiliary shrines of Iwashimizu Hachimangu are Wakamiyasha and Wakamiyadensha, a pair of wooden shrines surrounded by a lattice fence in the northeast corner of the main shrine area. "]
[6127,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","石灯籠","いしどうろう","stone lantern","石清水八幡宮の境内には、さまざまなデザインの石灯籠が約450基あります。","The grounds of Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine contain approximately 450 stone lanterns of varying designs. "]
[6134,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","宝珠","ほうじゅ","jewel shape","下から上に、立方体、球、ピラミッド、半球、そして宝珠の形となっており、それぞれ地、水、火、風、そして天空（または空）を表しています。","From bottom to top, the cube, sphere, pyramid, hemisphere, and jewel shape represent earth, water, fire, air, and ether (or void), respectively. "]
[6135,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","空","くう","ether (or void)","下から上に、立方体、球、ピラミッド、半球、そして宝石の形となっており、それぞれ地、水、火、風、そして天空（または空）を表しています。","From bottom to top, the cube, sphere, pyramid, hemisphere, and jewel shape represent earth, water, fire, air, and ether (or void), respectively. "]
[6142,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","庭園・公園","松花堂庭園","しょうかどうていえん","Shokado Garden","松花堂庭園には、絵のように美しい景観、伝統的な茶室と茶道（茶の湯）に関連するその他の歴史的な建物、そして美術館があります。","The Shokado Garden features picturesque landscapes, traditional tea houses, other historic structures related to the culture of tea (chanoyu), and an art museum."]
[6146,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松花堂昭乗","しょうかどうしょうじょう","Shokado Shojo","この庭園の名前は、僧侶であり優れた茶師、そして芸術家であり、当時の三大書家の一人とみなされていた松花堂昭乗（1584～1639）に由来しています。","The garden is named after Shokado Shojo (1584–1639), a Buddhist monk, tea master, and artist, who was recognized as one of the top three calligraphers of his time."]
[6151,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","史跡","東車塚古墳","ひがしくるまづかこふん","Higashi-Kurumazuka Kofun","松花堂庭園の内園には、僧侶である松花堂昭乗の17世紀の草庵、彼の隠居寺の客殿、そして4～5世紀の古墳である東車塚古墳があります。","The inner area of the Shokado Garden contains the seventeenth-century thatched-roof hermitage of the Buddhist monk Shokado Shojo, the guest hall of his retirement temple, and the Higashi-Kurumazuka Kofun, a burial mound dating from the fourth or fifth century."]
[6156,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","食","松花堂弁当","しょうかどうべんとう","Shokado Bento","美術館の隣には、京都吉兆 松花堂店という有名な日本料亭があり、松花堂昭乗に影響を受けた「松花堂弁当」を提供しています。","Next to the museum is Kyoto Kitcho Shokado, a renowned restaurant specializing in fine Japanese cuisine, which serves “Shokado Bento” meals inspired by Shokado Shojo."]
[6158,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","住職","じゅうしょく","chief abbot","昭乗は10代の頃男山に来て仏門に入り、やがて、かつて石清水八幡宮寺を構成していた数多くの小さな寺院の1つであった瀧本坊で、住職にまでなりました。","Shojo arrived at Mt. Otokoyama as a teenager to enter monastic life and eventually rose to the rank of chief abbot of Takimotobo Temple."]
[6161,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","庭園・公園","露地","ろじ","tea garden (roji)","草庵と草庵の庭（露地）、そして男山の元の所在地は、国の史跡です。","The hermitage and its tea garden (roji), as well as their original location on Mt. Otokoyama, are designated National Historic Sites.","※「roji」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\n文脈によってより適切な表現として、「garden approach」も可能。"]
[6169,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","泉坊書院","いずみぼうしょいん","Izumibo Hall","泉坊の客殿の主室、次の間、玄関は丁寧に保存され、その後、松花堂庭園の現在の泉坊書院に組み込まれました。これら3つの建造物の部分は京都府登録文化財になっています。","The main room, anteroom, and entranceway of the Izumibo guest hall were carefully preserved and later incorporated into the present-day Izumibo Hall at the Shokado Garden."]
[6170,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","玄関","げんかん","entranceway","伝承によると、玄関は元々、豊臣秀吉（1537–1598）によって建てられた伏見城の一部であり、彼の桐の紋章は今もその門に見られます。","According to legend, the entranceway was originally part of Fushimi Castle built by the warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537–1598), and the doors display his paulownia crests."]
[6175,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","小堀遠州","こぼりえんしゅう","Kobori Enshu","著名な茶人であり作庭家でもある大名の小堀遠州（1579～1647）が、瀧本坊の当時の住職であった友人の松花堂昭乗（1584～1639）のために閑雲軒を設計したと言われています。","It is said that the daimyo Kobori Enshu (1579–1647), a famed tea master and landscape architect, designed Kan’unken for his friend Shokado Shojo (1584–1639), then the chief abbot of Takimotobo."]
[6181,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","梅隠","ばいいん","Baiin tea house","梅隠の名前は、他の植物より先に花を咲かせ、春の訪れを告げることから縁起物とされている梅を連想させます。","The name of the Baiin tea house invokes plum trees, which are considered an auspicious symbol because they bloom before other plants, heralding the coming of spring."]
[6186,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","庭園・公園","水琴窟","すいきんくつ","suikinkutsu","茶室の近くには水琴窟という、伝統的で音楽的な庭園設備があります。","Near the tea house is a suikinkutsu, a traditional musical garden feature.","※「suikinkutsu」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6189,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","墨絵","すみえ","ink painting","その箱をより美しくするために、彼は、薄い漆塗りと自然をテーマにした墨絵を加えました。","To make the boxes more attractive, he added a light coat of lacquer and ink paintings with nature themes."]
[6193,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","正法寺","しょうぼうじ","Shoboji Temple","正法寺は、鎌倉幕府を創立した源頼朝（1147～1199）の家臣である志水氏の菩提寺として1191年に建立されました。","Shoboji Temple was established in 1191 as the memorial temple of the Shimizu family by an ancestor who was a retainer of Minamoto Yoritomo (1147–1199), the founder of the Kamakura shogunate. "]
[6199,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ご本尊","ごほんぞん"," principal object of worship","本堂には鎌倉時代（1185～1333）の阿弥陀如来像をご本尊として祀っており、お亀と徳川の子孫の位牌もここに保管されています。","The main hall houses a statue of Amida Buddha from the Kamakura period (1185–1333) as the principal object of worship, and Buddhist memorial tablets for Okame and her Tokugawa descendants are also kept here. "]
[6204,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","阿弥陀如来","あみだにょらい","Amida Buddha","正法寺の法雲殿には、計り知れない光と生命の仏像である大きな阿弥陀如来像があります。","The Ho’unden Hall of Shoboji Temple houses a large statue of Amida, the Buddha of Immeasurable Light and Life. "]
[6205,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","結跏趺坐","けっかふざ","lotus position","阿弥陀如来は結跏趺坐で座り、穏やかな表情で描かれ、両手は胸の前で説法印を結んでいます。","Amida is portrayed seated in the lotus position with a serene expression, both hands held in front of the chest in a mudra of teaching. "]
[6213,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","その他","八幡市指定文化財","やわたししていぶんかざい","Cultural Property of Yawata City","寺宝の多くは、八幡市指定文化財に指定されています。","Many of the temple’s treasures are designated Cultural Properties of Yawata City."]
[6216,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","もみじ寺","もみじでら","Momijidera","境内にある約100本の美しいモミジの木が、この寺院に「もみじ寺」という別名を与えています。","Approximately one hundred maple trees growing on the grounds give the temple its other name, Momijidera (“the maple tree temple”). "]
[6221,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","表門","おもてもん","main gate","京都府指定文化財に指定されている善法律寺の本堂と表門は、それぞれ、17世紀と18世紀に建てられました。","The main hall and main gate of Zenporitsuji, designated Cultural Properties of Kyoto Prefecture, date back to the seventeenth and the eighteenth century, respectively. "]
[6222,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","地蔵菩薩","じぞうぼさつ","bodhisattva Jizo","この像は元々、地蔵菩薩像として平安時代（794～1185）に彫られましたが、後年、八幡大菩薩として信仰されるようになったと言われています。","It is believed that it was originally carved in the Heian period (794–1185) to represent the bodhisattva Jizo, but came to be worshipped as Hachiman in later years. "]
[6228,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","薬師如来","やくしにょらい","Yakushi Buddha","この寺院の本堂には、本尊である医学と治療の仏様である薬師如来像があります。","The main hall houses the temple’s principal object of worship, a statue of Yakushi, the Buddha of medicine and healing."]
[6233,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","飛行神社","ひこうじんじゃ","Hiko Jinja Shrine","飛行神社は、日本の航空の先駆者である二宮忠八（1866～1936）によって創建された比較的新しい神社です。","Hiko Jinja Shrine is a relatively modern Shinto shrine founded by Ninomiya Chuhachi (1866–1936), a pioneer of Japanese aviation."]
[6236,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","乗物","玉虫型飛行器","たまむしがたひこうき","jewel beetle-type aircraft","次に1893年に、尾翼がなく人が乗れる複葉機モデルである「玉虫型飛行器」を作りましたが、資金不足のため、忠八のさらなる計画は頓挫しました。","Next was the “jewel beetle-type aircraft,” a tailless man-carrying biplane model built in 1893, but lack of financing put Chuhachi’s further plans on hold."]
[6240,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大黒堂","だいこくどう","Daikokudo Hall","ここに安置されている大黒天に願い事をより良く見てもらえるようにするため、参拝者が大黒堂の内壁に直接願い事を書くことは、この寺の珍しい習慣になっています。","In an unusual tradition, visitors write their wishes or prayers directly on the inside walls of its Daikokudo Hall to help the enshrined deity Daikokuten see them better."]
[6246,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","七福神","しちふくじん","Seven Gods of Fortune","お堂に安置されている小さな像は、財福の神様であり七福神の一柱である大黒天を表現しています。","The small statue enshrined in the hall portrays Daikokuten, a god of wealth and one of the Seven Gods of Fortune."]
[6251,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","地蔵堂","じぞうどう","Jizodo Hall","地蔵堂は、生命のある全てのものの救世主である地蔵菩薩を祀っており、この寺院の手入れの行き届いた庭には、他にもいくつか小さな祭壇が安置されています。","The Jizodo Hall enshrines the bodhisattva Jizo, the savior of all sentient beings, and several other small altars are placed in the temple’s well-tended garden."]
[6256,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","膝丸","ひざまる","Hizamaru","その中で最も有名なのは髭切と膝丸で、この2本の刀は、歴史を通じて多くの英雄的戦士を生み出した源氏の宝物と見なされています。","The most famous of these are Higekiri and Hizamaru, two swords considered treasures of the Minamoto clan, which produced many heroic warriors throughout history."]
[6260,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","八幡五水","やわたごすい","Yawata’s five historic wells","この井戸は、八幡の5つの由緒ある井戸「八幡五水」の中で、今でも水が出ている唯一の井戸です。","It is the only one of Yawata’s five historic wells that still produces water."]
[6263,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大覚寺","だいかくじ","Daikakuji Temple","現在では、京都の北野天満宮と大覚寺に保管されている2本の貴重な歴史的な刀は、伝説の髭切と膝丸ではないかと考えられています。","It is now believed that two valuable historic swords stored at Kitano Tenmangu Shrine and Daikakuji Temple in Kyoto may be the legendary Higekiri and Hizamaru."]
[6268,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","蔵","くら","storehouse","1975年に主屋が重要文化財に指定され、1980年に、5つの蔵、木小屋、普請文書、古図、宅地が追加指定されました。","It was designated an Important Cultural Property in 1975, and in 1980 five storehouses, a lumber shed, old construction documentation, building plans, and the land itself were added to the designation."]
[6274,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","奥座敷","おくざしき"," inner parlor","賓客はこの式台を上って広々とした玄関の間へ入り、間もなく大きな仏壇のある控えの間に入り、その後、主屋の西側の端にある奥座敷に通されます。","Guests would ascend into a spacious foyer and then an antechamber containing a large Buddhist altar before being shown to the inner parlor on the far west side of the house."]
[6275,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","欄間","らんま","transom","奥座敷は、彫刻が施された木製の欄間や美術品を展示するための床の間と違い棚、金箔と絵画で覆われた引き戸のある小さな飾り棚で飾られています。","The inner parlor is decorated with carved wooden transoms, a tokonoma alcove and staggered shelves for displaying art, and a small cabinet with sliding doors covered in gold leaf and paintings."]
[6279,"京都府","八幡市多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","濠","ほり","moat","石垣で囲まれた敷地の南側には、かつて屋敷を囲んでいた濠の跡があり、また北側には竹林があります。","On the southern side of the stone-walled property are remains of the moat that once surrounded the residence, while a bamboo grove borders it on the north."]
[6286,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本堂","ほんどう","main hall","千手観音の像が祀られている本堂は鎌倉時代（1185～1333）に作られたもので、国指定重要文化財です。","Its main hall, which houses a statue of the thousand-armed bodhisattva Kannon, dates back to the Kamakura period (1185–1333) and is a nationally designated Important Cultural Property."]
[6291,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","人物・人名・役職名","地蔵菩薩","じぞうぼさつ","bodhisattva Jizo","触ってもいいようにデザインされた観音菩薩の像や、火災から身を守り、長寿祈願を聞き入れると言われている地蔵菩薩の像、そして、仏教の教えの重要なコンセプトを表す、異なる音色を持った3個一組の鐘があります。","These include a statue of the bodhisattva Kannon that was designed to be touched, a statue of the bodhisattva Jizo said to protect against fire and to grant long life, and a set of three temple bells with distinct tones that represent important concepts of Buddhist teachings."]
[6293,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ご本尊","ごほんぞん","principal object of worship ","この寺院のご本尊は、元来この持ち上がった空間の真下に安置されていましたが、その後、経典を唱えながら内側の聖域を回って歩くなどの祈願方法に適した空間を作るため、仏座は後ろに下げられました。","The temple’s principal object of worship was originally placed directly under the raised ceiling, but the altar was later moved back to make room for services that require walking in circles in the inner sanctuary while chanting sutras."]
[6298,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","人物・人名・役職名","延命・火除地蔵菩薩","えんめい・ひよけじぞうぼさつ","Enmei Hiyoke Jizo","この中には、火災から身を守り、長寿祈願を聞き入れると言われている地蔵菩薩である延命・火除地蔵菩薩の像が祀られています。","It enshrines a statue of Enmei Hiyoke Jizo, a form of the bodhisattva Jizo said to protect against fire and to grant long life. "]
[6303,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ふれ愛観音堂","ふれあいかんのんどう","Fureai Kannondo Hall","ふれ愛観音堂は、触ってもいいようにデザインされた仏像を祀っています。","The Fureai Kannondo Hall enshrines a Buddhist statue that was designed to be touched. "]
[6307,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","三宝の釣鐘","さんぼうのつりがね","Sanbo no Tsurigane ","それらの鐘は三宝の釣鐘（三つの宝の鐘）として知られており、仏教の「三宝」と言われている、佛、法、僧を表しています。","They are known as Sanbo no Tsurigane (“Bells of the Three Treasures”) and represent the so-called three treasures of Buddhism: the Buddha, the dharma, and the sangha. "]
[6310,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法","ほう\n\n（※佛法僧でセットになっている時は「ぽう」）","dharma","「佛」は釈迦（ガウタマ・シッダールタ）のように悟りを開いた人を意味し、「法」は仏の教えと宇宙の自然律を表し、「僧」は自らの信仰を実践し広める仏教徒の集団です。","“Buddha” refers to those who have reached enlightenment like Siddhartha Gautama, the historical Buddha; “dharma” represents Buddhist teachings and the natural order of the universe; and “sangha” is the community of followers who practice and spread those beliefs."]
[6315,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","集落・街","化野","あだしの","Adashino ","あだし野念仏寺は、京都西部の嵯峨嵐山の奥にある奥嵯峨の山中にある化野の地に位置しています。","Adashino Nenbutsuji Temple is located in the Adashino area in the mountains of Okusaga, just past Saga-Arashiyama in western Kyoto."]
[6321,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","人物・人名・役職名","阿弥陀如来","あみだにょらい","Amida Buddha ","あだし野念仏寺の本堂は1712年に建てられたもので、本尊である鎌倉時代（1185～1333）の阿弥陀如来像を祀っています。","The main hall of Adashino Nenbutsuji was constructed in 1712 and enshrines the temple’s principal object of worship, a statue of Amida Buddha from the Kamakura period (1185–1333)."]
[6326,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","賽の河原","さいのかわら","Sai no Kawara","この場所の名前は、賽の河原と呼ばれる仏教の苦難の場の俗説的な描写になぞらえていることに由来しています。","The name of the site comes from its resemblance to folk depictions of a Buddhist purgatory called Sai no Kawara. ","※仏教のコンセプトを示す固有名詞であり、前項目の「西院の河原」とは異なる。"]
[6331,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","仏舎利塔","ぶっしゃりとう","stupa (bussharito)","境内の一番東側には、故人の遺骨を最終的に納める場である納骨堂としての役割を果たす、大きなドーム型でレンガ造りの仏舎利塔があります。","At the easternmost area of the temple grounds is a large, dome-shaped brick stupa (bussharito) that serves as an ossuary: a final resting place for bones of the deceased.","※「bussharito」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\n「stupa」を使用することも可能。"]
[6333,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","トラナ","とらな","torana","仏舎利塔のすぐ南には、同様にインドにあるものの複製である、儀式に用いる石門のトラナが高くそびえ立っています。","Just south of the stupa stands a torana, a tall ceremonial stone gateway also replicating those found in India.","※「torana」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6338,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","愛宕神社","あたごじんじゃ","Atago Shrine","嵯峨鳥居本の風光明媚な町は、愛宕神社に至る古い参道に沿って、京都西部の奥嵯峨地域にあります。","The scenic town of Saga Toriimoto lies in the Okusaga area of western Kyoto along an ancient pilgrimage route to Atago Shrine."]
[6340,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天龍寺","てんりゅうじ","Tenryuji Temple","渡月橋や天龍寺、嵯峨野竹林などの嵐山の人気スポットから約30分歩くと、愛宕山の麓へたどり着きます。","A 30-minute walk from such popular spots in Arashiyama as the Togetsukyo Bridge, Tenryuji Temple, and the Sagano Bamboo Forest takes visitors to the foot of Mt. Atago."]
[6345,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","建造物等","漆喰壁","しっくいかべ","stucco wall","格子窓、漆喰壁、そして瓦葺屋根または茅葺屋根のある伝統的な町家と農家が両方あることが、この地区の特徴です。","It features a mix of traditional townhouses and farmers’ houses with latticed windows, stucco walls, and tiled or thatched roofs."]
[6350,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","建造物等","虫籠窓","むしこまど","“insect cage” window (mushiko mado)","その外観は、1階の細かい格子、2階の白い漆喰壁と土塗りの“虫かごのような”窓（虫籠窓）、瓦葺屋根の大きな煙出しを特徴としています。","Its exterior features fine latticework on the ground floor, a second story with white stucco walls and slatted “insect cage” windows (mushiko mado), and a big chimney atop a tiled roof. ","※「mushiko mado」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6354,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","年中行事","五山の送り火","ござんのおくりび","Gozan no Okuribi","また、毎年夏の8月16日に5つの様々な形のかがり火が焚かれる京都の有名な「五山の送り火」の一つとして、小さな炎を並べて大きな鳥居形を描く曼荼羅山も、そのジオラマの中に描かれています。","Also depicted is Mt. Mandara, where small fires lined up in the shape of a giant torii gate are lit each summer on August 16th as part of Kyoto’s famous Gozan no Okuribi festival, which includes five such sites lighting fires in various shapes."]
[6361,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","人物・人名・役職名","仏御前","ほとけごぜん","Hotoke Gozen","祇王は数年間は清盛の寵愛を受けていましたが、清盛はその後、仏御前という名の若い白拍子に心変わりしました。","Though she enjoyed his favor for several years, he eventually turned his attentions to a younger dancer named Hotoke Gozen. "]
[6364,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","往生院","おうじょういん","Ojoin Temple","彼女たちは、奥嵯峨地域にあった往生院と呼ばれる大きな寺院の境内の草庵に住み、祈りに人生を捧げました。","They settled in a small hut on the grounds of a large temple called Ojoin in the Okusaga area and dedicated their lives to prayer. "]
[6368,"京都府","奥嵯峨観光協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","石灯籠","いしどうろう","stone lantern","庭園の小道は、常緑の椿、曲がりくねった小川、垣根のすぐ向こうにある竹林、そして石灯籠や水琴窟などの伝統的な景観装飾の間を通りながら蛇行しています。","The garden path meanders past evergreen camellias, a small winding stream, a bamboo grove just beyond the fence line, and traditional landscape decorations of stone lanterns and water basins. "]
[6373,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","史跡","葺石","ふきいし","fukiishi","古墳は丸い石（葺石）で覆われ、周囲は埴輪で飾られています。","The mound was covered in round stones called fukiishi, and was decorated with haniwa (terracotta funerary objects)."]
[6378,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","植物","滝のツバキ","たきのつばき"," Taki Camellia ","滝のツバキとは、かつて滝と呼ばれていた地域にあるヤブツバキがその名前の由来となっています。","The Taki Camellia is an ancient Japanese camellia (yabu-tsubaki) tree located in a region formerly known as Taki."]
[6380,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","年中行事","後野の屋台行事","うしろののやたいぎょうじ","Ushirono Float Festival","後野の屋台行事は、京都府有形民俗文化財に登録されています。","The Ushirono Float Festival has been registered as an Intangible Folk Cultural Property by Kyoto Prefecture."]
[6385,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","みろく殿","みろくでん","Mirokuden ","みろく殿は1953年に作られた大本の礼拝堂で、梅松苑最古の建物となっています。","Mirokuden is an Oomoto worship hall that was constructed in 1953 and is Baishoen’s oldest building. "]
[6392,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","建造物等","ふすま絵","ふすまえ","fusuma-e","3階の宴会場は鈴木百年（1828－1891）のふすま絵で飾られ、12か月の自然の風景が描かれています。","The third-floor banquet hall is decorated with fusuma-e (paintings on sliding partition panels) by Suzuki Hyakunen (1828–1891), depicting nature scenes from each month of the year."]
[6396,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","念持仏","ねんじぶつ","nenjibutsu","大頂寺はこの本庄家とのつながりから、桂昌院が江戸城でいつも祈っていた「念持仏」を受け継いでいます。","Due to Daichoji’s ties to the Honjo family, the temple inherited the Buddhist image (nenjibutsu) that Keishoin regularly prayed to during her time at Edo Castle."]
[6397,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","檀那寺","だんなでら","family temple","盛林寺は、1577年に上宮津城の城主の檀那寺として建立されました。","Seirinji was originally established as a family temple for the ruler of Kamimiyazu Castle in 1577. "]
[6402,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","薬師堂","やくしどう","Yakushido Hall","薬師堂（薬と癒しの仏を祀ったお堂）は、大きな火災ののち、1794年に再建されました。","Yakushido Hall (dedicated to the Buddha Yakushi, buddha of medicine and healing) was rebuilt in 1794 after a devastating fire."]
[6408,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","建造物等","産屋","うぶや","ubuya ","産屋は、かつて出産の場所として使用されていた小さな茅葺き小屋です。","Ubuya are small thatched huts that were once used as the place for childbirth. "]
[6411,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","絵馬殿","えまでん","emaden ","神社の本殿と絵馬殿（絵馬を展示するための特別な建物）には、35の絵馬のコレクションがあります。","The shrine has a collection of 35 ema (votive tablets), which hang in the shrine buildings and the emaden (a special hall for displaying them)."]
[6415,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","書物","白樺日誌","しらかばにっし","White Birch Diary","中でも特に珍しい展示の1つは、シベリア抑留者が書いた200の俳句や和歌をまとめた「白樺日誌」です。","One particularly rare exhibit is the White Birch Diary, a collection of 200 poems written by a prisoner in Siberia."]
[6420,"京都府","一般社団法人 京都府北部地域連携都市圏振興社（海の京都ＤＭＯ）","工芸・美術品","仏涅槃図","ぶつねはんず","nirvana painting","藤高が奇跡的に無傷で戦い切り抜けた後、細川家は寺に鐘と仏涅槃図を贈ったのです。","After Fujitaka miraculously emerged from battle unscathed, the Hosokawa family rewarded the temple with a bell and a nirvana painting (butsunehanzu)."]
[6425,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","写し霊所","うつしれいじょ","“duplicate sites”","早い時期から、このような旅行の難しさにより、進取的な僧侶たちが、数十箇所の離れた場所を巡礼する代わりに、巡礼者たちが一箇所で三十三観音、もしくはその一部を訪れることができる場所である「写し霊場」をつくるために努力した。","From early on, the difficulty of these trips inspired enterprising monks to compress entire pilgrimage routes, or portions of them, into “duplicate sites” (utsushi reijō), single locations that could be visited in lieu of traveling to dozens of separate temples."]
[6431,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","建造物等","大陸と日本の折衷様式","たいりくとにほんのせっちゅうようしき","a harmonious blend of continental and Japanese stylistic elements","その大陸と日本の折衷様式の建築デザインは、天台宗の特徴を備えている。","Its design, a harmonious blend of continental and Japanese stylistic elements, also bears traits characteristic of the Tendai sect of Buddhism."]
[6432,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","自然現象","しぜんさいがい","しぜんさいがい","natural disaster","いくつかの自然災害により、元の建物やその後に建てられた建物も倒壊した。現在の建物は15世紀半ばに着工されたが、日本最大の２階建て建築で、その規模が大きく複雑であることが理由で、完成が遅れた。","Natural disasters destroyed that first hall, and the one that replaced it. Work on the building we see today began in the mid-fifteenth century, but it was delayed by the sheer scale and complexity of what would be the largest two-story hall of its kind in Japan."]
[6440,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","勅撰","ちょくせん","imperial anthology","この歌は、当時歌人にとって最高の栄誉である勅撰「拾遺和歌集」に収録された。","The poem was selected for inclusion in an imperial anthology, the highest poetic honor of the day."]
[6443,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","海岸・岬","瀬戸内海","せとないかい","the Inland Sea","十地院は元々開山堂の西側にある広大な敷地を占めていた。現在の場所は、書寫山で唯一瀬戸内海が望める塔頭である。","Jūjiin originally occupied expansive grounds to the west of the Founder’s Hall (Kaisandō). At its present location, it is the only subtemple on Mt. Shosha from which the Inland Sea is visible. "]
[6448,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","戒名","かいみょう","posthumous Buddhist name","一番下の「土」の文字の周りには、直基死後の戒名と彼のさまざまな称号や階級が刻まれている。","The area around the lowest character for “earth” is inscribed with Naomoto’s posthumous Buddhist name and epitaphs honoring his various titles and ranks. "]
[6449,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","工芸・美術品","水墨画","すいぼくが","monochrome ink painting","塔頭寺院の中央の部屋の三枚の襖には有名な狩野派の創設者の孫である狩野永納吉信（1631–1697）の美しく保存された水墨画が描かれている。","The sliding doors of the subtemple’s three central rooms are decorated with beautifully preserved monochrome ink paintings by Kanō Einō (1631–1697), grandson of the founder of the renowned Kanō school. "]
[6455,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","工芸・美術品","逗子","ずし","tabernacle","厨子の扉は、毎年一度だけ1月18日の平和と五穀豊穣を願う修正会の日に開かれる。","The doors of the tabernacles are opened only once each year, when Engyōji marks the new year with its Festival of Peace and Bounty on January 18."]
[6458,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","化身","けしん","emanation","金剛薩埵菩薩（サンスクリット語：Vajrasattva）は宇宙の仏である大日如来の化身であり、密教の修行僧が達成できる究極の姿を表している。","The bodhisattva Kongō Satta (Sanskrit: Vajrasattva) is an emanation of Dainichi, the Cosmic Buddha, and represents the ultimate form achievable by students of Esoteric Buddhism. "]
[6466,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","儀式用具","ぎしきようぐ","ritual implements","根来寺は仏教の儀式に用いられる漆器や儀式用具の製造で有名であった。","Negoroji was well known for the production of lacquerware and ritual implements used in Buddhist rituals."]
[6467,"兵庫県","書寫山圓教寺観光振興協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","悟りを得る","さとりをえる","achieve enlightenment","天台宗では、他の修行と組み合わせて座禅を行うことは、悟りを得ることを可能にすると信じられている。","Within the Tendai sect, it is believed that engaging in seated meditation in combination with other practices can allow a person to achieve enlightenment."]
[6473,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","食","出雲蕎麦","いずもそば","Izumo soba ","その後、出雲蕎麦には2種類の独特な食べ方が年月をかけて発展してきました。","Two unique styles of Izumo soba evolved over the following years. "]
[6478,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","建造物等","武家屋敷","ぶけやしき","buke-yashiki","松江には形を変えて現在も残る武家屋敷がいくつかありますが、ある中堅武士のために建てられたこの屋敷は、その中でも特に当時の姿を丁寧に復元したものです。","Although several samurai residences (buke-yashiki) in Matsue have survived in altered form, this home built for a mid-ranking samurai has been carefully restored to its original configuration.","※「buke-yashiki」は斜体で表記。"]
[6483,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","黄泉比良坂","よもつひらさか","Yomotsu Hirasaka","日本の神話において、黄泉比良坂は冥界への入り口とされ、イザナギ神と女神であるイザナミが永遠に別れた場所です。","In Japanese mythology, Yomotsu Hirasaka is the entrance to the underworld and the place where the god Izanagi and the goddess Izanami were separated for eternity. "]
[6487,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","テーマ施設等","安来節演芸館","やすぎぶしえんげいかん","Yasugibushi Performing Arts Center","その人気を記念して2006年にオープンしたのが、瓦屋根木造建築で200席ある伝統的な劇場「安来節演芸館」です。","To celebrate its popularity, the Yasugibushi Performing Arts Center opened in 2006 in a tile-roofed wooden building, featuring a 200-seat traditional theater. "]
[6490,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","その他","たたら","たたら","tatara ","たたら製鉄は、小さな鉄の粒子を含む花崗岩が自然に風化してできた砂鉄を使います。","The tatara process begins with the iron sand that comes from the natural weathering of granite that contains small particles of iron. ","※「tatara」は斜体で表記。"]
[6497,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術品","淀江傘","よどえがさ","Yodoe-gasa","淀江の海辺の集落には、1821年から数十人の傘職人が集まり、「淀江傘」と呼ばれる独特のスタイルを確立しました。","Beginning in 1821, the seaside hamlet of Yodoe became home to dozens of parasol makers who developed a distinctive style known as Yodoe-gasa. "]
[6501,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","その他","ゲゲゲの鬼太郎","げげげのきたろう","GeGeGe no Kitaro ","水木しげる（1922-2015）は、『ゲゲゲの鬼太郎』シリーズをはじめとする漫画・アニメ作品で世界的に知られる漫画家です。","Mizuki Shigeru (1922–2015) was a manga artist known worldwide for his series GeGeGe no Kitaro and other manga and anime works. ","※「GeGeGe no Kitaro」は斜体で表記。"]
[6502,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","その他","妖怪","ようかい","yokai","彼は、彼が「妖怪」とよばれる日本の幽霊、小鬼、および怪物に当たるものに執着するようになったのは、「のんのんばあ」と呼び祖母のように慕った女性から、恐ろしくも驚くような怪奇話を聞かされたからだと説明しています。","He attributed his later obsession with yokai—Japanese ghosts, goblins, and monsters—to a grandmotherly woman he called “Nononba,” who told him chilling and amusing stories about the supernatural. ","※「yokai」は斜体で表記。"]
[6506,"島根県・鳥取県","中海・宍道湖圏域多言語解説協議会","テーマ施設等","妖怪洞窟","ようかいどうくつ","Yokai Cave","次のコーナーは「妖怪洞窟」です。","The next section is called the Yokai Cave. "]
[6513,"岡山県","岡山県後楽園事務所","建造物等","雁木","がんぎ","gangi","2012年、江戸時代の地図にもとづいた調査によって、船着場の跡地と御成御門へ続く石段（雁木）跡が発掘され、2014年に一般公開されました。","The remains of the dock and stone staircase (gangi) leading up to the Onari Gomon were excavated in 2012 based on Edo-period historical maps and opened to the general public for viewing in 2014."]
[6518,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","史跡","砲台","ほうだい","artillery batterie","瀬戸内海周辺を攻撃から守るため、日清戦争（1894〜 1895年）と日露戦争（1904〜 1905年）の間に要塞化されました。この間に、島には3つの砲台が建設されました。"," The former agricultural island was fortified during the Sino-Japanese War (1894–1895) and Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905) to protect the area around the Seto Inland Sea from attack. Three artillery batteries were built on the island during this time. "]
[6520,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","史跡","弾薬保管倉庫","だんやくほかんそうこ","Ammunition Storage Warehouse","弾薬保管倉庫は、第二次世界大戦中は毒ガスを保管し、朝鮮戦争（1950〜 1953年）には米軍の弾薬を保管するためにも使用されました。建物の屋根は、爆発時の損傷を抑えるために軽い素材で作られていました。","The Ammunition Storage Warehouse was also used to store poison gas during World War II, and to store ammunition for U.S. forces during the Korean War (1950–1953). The roof of the building was made of light material to limit damage in the case of an explosion."]
[6525,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","史跡","駒の鐘","こまのかね","koma no kane (Korean bell)","また、駒の鐘で有名な寺院です。 ","Shorenji is also renowned for its koma no kane (Korean bell)."]
[6530,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","海軍司令官","かいぐんしれいかん","naval commander","神社は、強力な小早川武家の海軍司令官である乃美宗勝としても知られる浦宗勝（1526–1592）によって建てられました。","The pavilion was built by Ura Munekatsu (1526–1592), also known as Nomi Munekatsu, a naval commander for the powerful Kobayakawa samurai family."]
[6534,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","囲炉裏","いろり","hearth (irori) ","庭にある秋の部屋（弘陽亭）は、プライバシーと季節の紅葉を提供する特別な滞在場所です。敷地内の調理・食事エリア「囲炉裏」では、囲炉裏で調理された本格的な料理を楽しめます。","The autumn room (koyo-tei) within the garden is a special place to stay, offering privacy and seasonal autumn colors. Guests can enjoy authentic cuisine cooked on a hearth (irori) at Irori Sanso, a cooking and eating area within the grounds. "]
[6537,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","テーマ施設等","海の駅","うみのえき","Seaside Station","竹原港の竹原海の駅は大久野島（うさぎ島）への玄関口です。","Takehara Seaside Station at Takehara Port is the gateway to Okunoshima (Rabbit Island) and Osakikamijima. "]
[6544,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","商家","しょうや","merchant house","塩作りにおける竹原の成功は、その歴史的な地区に保存状態の良い商家や倉庫がたくさんあることからも明らかです。","Takehara’s success in the salt business is evidenced in the number of well-preserved merchant houses and warehouses in its historic district. "]
[6548,"広島県","竹原市多言語解説協議会","食","うま味","うまみ"," umami flavor (one of the five basic taste categories: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami or savory)","オーナーは、うま味（日本の5つの基本的な味のカテゴリーの1つ）で日本酒を作りたいと考えています。","The owner wants to create a sake with umami flavor (one of the five basic taste categories: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami or savory)."]
[6553,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","花魁","おいらん","courtesans","京都や江戸の繁華街からは離れているが、この茶屋には高級な花魁（おいらん）がいて、高級な客をもてなしていた。","Though distant from the famous red-light districts of Kyoto and Edo (now Tokyo), the teahouse employed high-class courtesans (oiran) for its equally high-class patrons. "]
[6558,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","水屋","みずや","mizuya (kitchenette)","旧金子家住宅にはいくつかの小さな畳の部屋があり、日本の伝統的な茶庭が見渡せる。茶室や水屋は1823年に京都で造られ、輸送のために解体された後、船で御手洗に運ばれ、屋敷内で再び組み立てられた。","The Former Kaneko Residence contains several small, tatami-floored rooms that look out on a traditional Japanese tea garden and an attached tearoom with an adjacent mizuya (kitchenette). "]
[6560,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","乱れ築き","みだれきずき","midarekizuki","その起源ははっきりとは記録されていないが、かつて御手洗の海岸線だった場所にあり、大小の石を組み合わせて作られたことから、その構造や立地条件から、水軍の防御のためのものであった可能性が高いと考えられている。この技法は、戦国時代の軍事建築物を作る際によく使われていたもので、乱れ築きと呼ばれている。","Although there is no clear record of its origins, the location and structure of the wall suggest that it was likely a naval defense, as it is situated on what was once Mitarai’s coastline and was built by fitting stones of various sizes together. This technique, called midarekizuki (literally, “random construction”), was commonly used to build military structures during the Warring States period (1467–1568)."]
[6565,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","離れ","はなれ","detached room","この建物は「離れ」と呼ばれ、平八郎が呉海軍所の参謀長を務めた1890年5月から1891年12月までの間、客人をもてなすための場として利用されていた。","The building is known as a “detached room” (hanare), and Tōgō used it as a place to relax and entertain guests during his tenure as Chief of Staff at Kure Naval Base from May 1890 through December 1891."]
[6567,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","その他","回天","かいてん","manned torpedoes","また、有人魚雷「回天」の訓練や毒ガス実験も行われていたことが知られている。","Training exercises for manned torpedoes called kaiten, or “heaven shakers,” are known to have been conducted there, as well as experiments with poison gas."]
[6572,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","建造物等","係留柱","けいりゅうばしら","mooring post","アメリカ南北戦争（1861～1865）のために生産された大砲だが、終戦時には陳腐化していた。日本政府はこれらの時代遅れの砲を低価格で入手し、ドックの係留柱として再利用した。現在は桟橋に沿って銃口を下げて埋設されている。 ","The artillery was produced for the American Civil War (1861–1865), but it had become obsolete by the war’s end. The Japanese government acquired these outdated guns for a low price and repurposed them as the wharf’s mooring posts. They are now buried muzzle-down along the pier.","※「Bollard」と呼ばれることもあります。"]
[6577,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","その他","戦没者","せんぼつしゃ","casualties of war","墓は現在まで墓地のボランティア団体によって維持管理されている。また、ティビンズの碑などの墓石には、長迫小学校の生徒たちが定期的に花を飾り、毎年秋分の日には、呉海軍墓地保存会と呉市が合同で戦没者の慰霊祭を行っている。","The Tibbins monument and other tombstones are also regularly decorated with flowers by students from Nagasako Elementary School, and every year on the autumnal equinox, the Society for the Preservation of the Kure Naval Cemetery and the city of Kure hold a joint memorial service for those who died as casualties of war."]
[6583,"広島県","呉市多言語解説協議会","その他","掃海","そうかい","minesweeping","2階は、第二次世界大戦後（1939～1945）の日本の復興と海軍の航路開通に大きく貢献した海上自衛隊の掃海活動を紹介している。","The second floor is dedicated to the JMSDF’s minesweeping activities, which played a large part in reconstructing the country and opening its shipping lanes after World War II."]
[6588,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","芸能・興行・イベント","阿波踊り","あわおどり","Awa Odori","1946年には「阿波踊り」という名称が正式なものとなり、復興して全国に広まっていきました。","The name “Awa Odori” became official in 1946, as the dance enjoyed a revival and spread throughout the country."]
[6591,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","博物館・美術館","阿波十郎兵衛屋敷人形浄瑠璃","あわじゅうろうべえやしきにんぎょうじょうるり","Awa Jurobe Yashiki Puppet Theater and Museum","阿波十郎兵衛屋敷人形浄瑠璃では、地元の人形劇団による公演が毎日1〜2回行われています。","Local puppeteer troupes perform once or twice daily at the Awa Jurobe Yashiki Puppet Theater. "]
[6595,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","芸能・興行・イベント","締太鼓","しめだいこ","rhythm drums","鳴り物には大太鼓、締太鼓、横笛、三味線、鉦などが含まれており、テンポを合わせます。","Narimono may include bass and rhythm drums, a flute, a shamisen, and a handheld gong that sets the tempo."]
[6600,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五ヶ所参り","ごかしょまいり","gokasho mairi","巡礼を体験したい人は、この5つの聖域を巡る「五ヶ所参り」を体験することができます。","Visitors who would like to experience the pilgrimage can complete a tour of these five sanctuaries, an undertaking called the gokasho mairi."]
[6605,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","守護地蔵","しゅごじぞう","guardian jizo statues","また、境内には守護地蔵も多数あります。","On the grounds are also a number of guardian jizo statues. "]
[6607,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","集落・街","紺屋町","こんやまち"," Kon’yamachi ","時計台は、徳島で最も賑わっている繁華街である紺屋町のバスシェルターの上にあります。","The clock tower sits on top of the Kon’yamachi bus shelter in the downtown area, one of Tokushima’s busiest restaurant and entertainment districts."]
[6612,"徳島県","徳島市地域観光資源多言語解説整備プロジェクトチーム","食","ういろ","ういろ","uiro","徳島の子どもたちに特に人気があったのが、米粉と砂糖で作った「ういろ」という蒸し菓子でした。","One treat especially popular among children in Tokushima was uiro, a steamed cake made of rice flour and sugar. "]
[6619,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","テーマ施設等","くるくる工房","くるくるこうぼう"," Kuru Kuru Kobo","女性たちはその技芸と裁縫の腕前をくるくる工房で活かし、使い古した着物や鯉のぼりの生地をバッグやジャケットなどの記念の品に変身させています。","Women are putting their artistic and sewing skills to use at the Kuru Kuru Kobo craft center, transforming used kimono and koinobori carp streamer fabric into bags, jackets, and other keepsake items."]
[6623,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","建造物等","田中家住宅","たなかけじゅうたく","Tanaka Family Residence","1685年に建てられた八重地の田中家住宅は、この地域の初期の伝統家屋を代表するものです。","The Tanaka Family Residence in Yaeji was built in 1685 and is representative of early traditional houses in the region."]
[6624,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","建造物等","土間","どま","doma","その間取りとは、固められた土の床の、料理をするのに使われた部屋（ドマ）が一つと、板張りの揚げ床上の部屋が三つ、すなわち、表側の部屋、イロリがある中央の部屋、そして寝室、というものです。","It has a room with a compacted earth floor (doma) where cooking was done and three rooms on a raised wooden floor: a front room, a middle room with an irori hearth, and a sleeping room.","※「doma」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「earth floor」も使用することも可能。"]
[6630,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","郷土景観","里地里山","さとちさとやま","satochi-satoyama","里地里山とは、集落と、二次林、水田、および用水路との間の相互関係と、生物多様性の保全に重要な役割を果たしていることによって特徴付けられます。","A satochi-satoyama site is characterized by interactions between settlements, secondary forests, rice paddies, and irrigation canals, and plays an important role in biodiversity conservation.","※「satochi-satoyama」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6635,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","その他","ふる里の泉","ふるさとのいずみ","Furusato no Izumi (Hometown Fountain)","公共の水飲み場：テンジョーノイズミ（天上の泉）、テンクーノイズミ（天空の泉）、フルサトノイズミ（ふる里の泉）があります。","There are public water fountains: the Tenjo no Izumi (Heavenly Fountain), Tenku no Izumi (Sky Fountain), and Furusato no Izumi (Hometown Fountain).","※「Furusato no Izumi」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6638,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","その他","もくもくもく","もくもくもく","Moku Moku Moku","この段々畑の最高の景色の一つは、曽我部昌史氏（1962年生まれ）によってデザインされたアート・インスタレーション、もくもくもくの頂上から見たものです。","One of the best views of the fields is from the top of Moku Moku Moku, an art installation designed by Sogabe Masashi (b. 1962).","※「Moku Moku Moku」は美術作品のため斜体で表記。"]
[6642,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","山岳","山犬嶽","やまいぬだけ","Mt. Yamainu","山犬嶽（997.6 m）の苔に覆われた景色は徳島では有名ですが、世界のその他の地域の人々にとっては、まだ探索すべきところのある隠された秘境です。","The moss-covered landscape of Mt. Yamainu (997.2 m) is famous in Tokushima, but to the rest of the world, it is still a hidden gem waiting to be explored."]
[6647,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","秋葉神社","あきばじんじゃ","Akiba Jinja Shrine","樫原の秋葉神社は九月に三体の月の祭りを主催します。","Akiba Jinja Shrine in Kashihara hosts the Triple Moon Festival in September."]
[6652,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","植物","アラカシ","あらかし","Japanese blue oak","例えば、スギは湿気を吸い取るので大型の米びつを作るのに使用され、ヒノキはその抗菌特性のためまな板に使用、ヤマザクラはその高い復元力のため敷居に最適であり、キリは湿気を調整するのでたんすに、アラカシはその耐久性のため彫られて農具の取手になりました。","For example, cedar absorbs moisture, so it was used to make large rice containers; cypress was used for cutting boards due to its anti-bacterial properties; Japanese mountain cherry was perfect for doorsills for its resilience; paulownia makes excellent clothes chests because it controls humidity, and Japanese blue oak was carved into farming tool handles due to its durability."]
[6658,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","その他","語り手","かたりて","narrator","これらの舞台には、シンプルながらも、迫りや、演奏者や語り手のための演壇など、さまざまな仕掛けが備えられていました。","The stages, though simple, were equipped with varying mechanisms such as trap doors and platforms for musicians and narrators."]
[6662,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","湖沼","美愁湖","びしゅうこ","Lake Bishu","コースは、上勝の棚田、森、そして美愁湖を探索します。","The courses navigate Kamikatsu’s rice terraces, forests, and Lake Bishu."]
[6665,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","温泉","月ヶ谷温泉","つきがたにおんせん","Tsukigatani Onsen","勝浦川の岸に沿って、赤い斑点のあるサーモン（アメゴ）が釣れる殿川内渓谷や、鮎（アユ）が釣れる月ヶ谷温泉周辺の地域など、良好な釣り場がたくさんあります。","There are many good fishing spots along its banks, like the Tonokawauchi Valley for red-spotted salmon (amego) and the area around Tsukigatani Onsen for sweetfish (ayu)."]
[6670,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","滝","百間滝","ひゃっけんだき","Hyakken Falls","百間滝：この30メートルの滝を眺めることのできる滝つぼへと続く遊歩道があります。","Hyakken Falls: There is a walking trail that leads to the waterfall basin, which has views of the 30-meter waterfall."]
[6676,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","植物","チシオモミジ","ちしおもみじ","chishio maple","梅の花は春の訪れを告げ、蓮の葉は夏に涼しさを感じさせ、また、紅葉モミジ、ノムラモミジ、およびチシオモミジなどの赤いモミジの葉は、秋の気配を感じさせます。","Plum blossoms signal the arrival of spring, lotus leaves impart coolness in the summer, and red maple leaves, including the koyo maple, the nomura maple, and the chishio maple, carry a feeling of autumn.","※「chishio」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[6677,"徳島県","かみかつ棚田未来づくり協議会","テーマ施設等","彩山","いろどりやま","Irodori Yama","いろどりネットワーク内の農園は非公開ですが、訪問者は植栽や収穫などの体験プログラムを提供する公共施設を所有している彩山に行くことができます。","Farms in the Irodori network are private, but visitors can go to Irodori Yama, which has a public facility offering hands-on programs like planting and harvesting. "]
[6682,"香川県","公益社団法人香川県観光協会","集落・街","讃岐国","さぬきのくに","Sanuki Province","栗林公園はもともと、讃岐国（現在の香川県）を治めた生駒家からその土地を継承した高松藩の領主、松平家の邸宅の一部でした。","Ritsurin Garden was originally a part of the estate of the Matsudaira family, the lords ofthe Takamatsu domain, who inherited its site from the Ikoma family, rulers of Sanuki province (present-day Kagawa Prefecture)."]
[6685,"香川県","公益社団法人香川県観光協会","人物・人名・役職名","塩飽大工","しわくだいく","Shiwaku Carpenters","操船に長けた者は塩飽水軍と呼ばれ、優れた船大工は塩飽大工と呼ばれるようになりました。","The mariners came to be known as the Shiwaku Navy, while their artisan counterparts were called the Shiwaku Carpenters."]
[6693,"香川県","公益社団法人香川県観光協会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","太鼓門","たいこもん","taikomon","大手一の門は、太鼓門とも呼ばれます。城主の家臣が門の中で太鼓を叩いて時間を告げていたからです。","Ote Ichino is also referred toas Taikomon (“drum gate”), because the castle lord’s retainers would beat drums withinthe gate to announce the time"]
[6694,"香川県","公益社団法人香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","城山神社","きやまじんじゃ","Kiyama Shrine ","道真公が祈願を行なったとされる山に設けられた城山神社の聖域も、元の場所からわずかに動かされたものの残存しています。","Kiyama Shrine, theShinto sanctuary built on the mountain site where Michizane is believed to have prayed, also remains, though it has been moved slightly from its original location."]
[6699,"香川県","公益社団法人香川県観光協会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","真言宗","しんごんしゅう","Shingon school of Buddhism","真言宗の聖地である大窪寺は、四国巡礼の最後の寺となる第88番札所です。","Okuboji, a sanctuary of the Shingon school of Buddhism, is the 88th and final temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage. "]
[6705,"香川県","公益社団法人香川県観光協会","食","素麺","そうめん","somen","醤油産業やそうめん産業は、中世に島で栄えた塩の生産に端を発しています。","The soy sauce and somen industries have their origins in salt production, which flourished on the island in medieval times. "]
[6709,"香川県・徳島県・愛媛県・高知県","一般社団法人　四国八十八ヶ所霊場会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","四國偏禮道指南","へんろみちしるべ","Shikoku henro michishirube (Guide to the Shikoku Pilgrimage)","『四國偏禮道指南』に載った寺のほとんどは、今でも88ヶ所に挙げられています。挙げられています。また、眞念の標識は、徒歩で巡礼をする場合でも、車で巡礼をする場合でも、電車で巡礼をする場合でも、今でも巡礼者の目印となっています。","Titled Shikoku henro michishirube (Guide to the Shikoku Pilgrimage), this book was the first to describe an 88-temple pilgrimage route around the island, numbering each temple and providing practical guidance for pilgrims."]
[6712,"香川県・徳島県・愛媛県・高知県","一般社団法人　四国八十八ヶ所霊場会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","納経帳","のうきょうちょう","nokyocho","巡礼の慣行には、寺で祈ったり納経帳に御朱印や書を集めたり他の巡礼者と会話することなどが含まれます。","Such customs include praying at temples, collecting temple stamps and calligraphy in one’s nokyocho notebook, and interacting with fellow pilgrims."]
[6717,"香川県・徳島県・愛媛県・高知県","一般社団法人　四国八十八ヶ所霊場会","その他","白衣","はくえ","hakue","この証明は、白衣（200円）や納経軸（500円）でも受け取ることができます。","This proof can also be received on a hakue jacket (for 200 yen) and on a kakejiku hanging scroll (500 yen)."]
[6723,"香川県・徳島県・愛媛県・高知県","一般社団法人　四国八十八ヶ所霊場会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","納札","おさめふだ","name slip","納札は巡礼者のあいだでも交換され、地元の人々のもてなしに謝意を示すために渡すこともあります。","Name slips are also exchanged among pilgrims and given to local residents as gratitude for their hospitality."]
[6728,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","工芸・美術品","初期伊万里","しょきいまり","Early Imari or shoki imari ",null,"The exhibit features primarily Karatsu ware, Japan’s first porcelains (now known as Early Imari or shoki imari in Japanese), as well as subsequent Arita ware styles including the Kakiemon and kinrande styles. "]
[6729,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","工芸・美術品","金襴手","きんらんで","kinrande","江戸（えど）時代（1603～1867）には様々な様式の有田焼が欧州に輸出されたが、中でも人気があったのが金襴手（きんらんで）様式である。","Europe during the Edo period (1603–1867), but the kinrande (literally “gold brocade”) style was popular."]
[6733,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","工芸・美術品","登り窯","のぼりがま","climbing kilns (noborigama)","建物のデザインは、江戸（えど）時代（1603～1867）に有田で主に使われていた伝統的な登り窯から着想を得たものである。","The building’s design takes inspiration from the traditional climbing kilns (noborigama) that were commonly used in Arita during the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[6740,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","その他","水碓","みずたい"," trip hammers","近代までの有田の磁器生産には、川が重要な役割を果たしており、磁石を粉状に砕くために使われる水碓の動力となっていた。","Rivers played an important role in Arita’s porcelain production until the modern era, providing needed power for the trip hammers used to crush pottery stone into powder."]
[6742,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神輿","みこし","portable shrine, or mikoshi","陶山神社のその他の主な祭りには、毎年10月16日に開かれる有田おくんちがあり、神輿と呼ばれる移動式の神社が、近隣の8つの各地区を練り歩く。","A portable shrine, or mikoshi, is paraded through each of the eight surrounding neighborhoods. "]
[6747,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","その他","重油","じゅうゆ","heavy oil","生産方法が薪から石炭や重油、そしてガス窯へと変わっていったため、これらの煙突は廃れていった。","As production methods changed from using wood as fuel, to coal and heavy oil, and then to gas-fired kilns, these chimneys became obsolete. "]
[6752,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","その他","コレラ","コレラ","cholera","ただ残念ながら、コレラが流行したため、結局夫妻は有田を旅することはできず、この建物を訪れることもなかった。","Unfortunately, due to a cholera outbreak the Grants were ultimately unable to travel to Arita and never visited the building."]
[6756,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","その他","卸","おろし","commercial park","2018年、有田焼卸はアリタセラとして生まれ変わった。","In 2018, the commercial park was reborn as Arita Será. Será is a word combining the Japanese pronunciations of “seller” and “ceramics.” "]
[6763,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","世界博覧会","せかいはくらんかい","World Fairs","また、明治（めいじ）時代（1868～1912）に世界博覧会で展示されたり海外に輸出されたりした磁器も展示されている。","Also on display are porcelain pieces exhibited at World Fairs and exported abroad during the Meiji period (1868–1912). "]
[6764,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","その他","重要伝統的建造物群保存地区","じゅうようでんとうてきけんぞうぶつぐんほぞんちく","National Important Preservation District for Groups of Historic Buildings","1991年には一帯が国の重要伝統的建造物群保存地区に指定された。","In 1991 the area was designated as a National Important Preservation District for Groups of Historic Buildings. "]
[6771,"佐賀県","有田インバウンド多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","農民たち","のうみんたち","farmers","有田の山がちな地形を最大限活用するべく、江戸（えど）時代（1603～1867）初期の農民たちは苦労しながらも多くの斜面に棚田を切り開いた。","In order to make the most of Arita’s mountainous terrain, farmers during the early Edo period (1603−1867) painstakingly built terraced rice paddies along many of its slopes. "]
[6775,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","豊玉姫","とよたまひめ","Toyotamahime","美貌の神として知られる豊玉姫（とよたまひめ）の伝説は、日本の二つの古代史である『古事記』と『日本書紀』に広く記録されています。","The legend of Toyotamahime, a Shinto deity known for her beauty, has been extensively recorded in the texts of Japan’s two most ancient histories, the Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters) and Nihon shoki (Chronicles of Japan). "]
[6780,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","組織・団体","蓮池藩","はすいけはん","Hasuike domain"," 1615年に社殿が再建された後、初代蓮池藩主・鍋島直澄（1616～1669）は、鍋島家の家紋の使用を認め、神社の威信を大きく向上させました。","After the shrine was rebuilt in 1615, Nabeshima Naozumi (1616–1669), the first lord of the Hasuike domain, allowed the use of the Nabeshima family crest, which greatly improved the prestige of the shrine."]
[6785,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","食","隠元","いんげん","Ingen (Chinese name Yinyuan Longqi)","1662年、中国から日本に渡り、京都・宇治の萬福寺に黄檗を開いたのが隠元です。","In 1662 a Chinese monk named Ingen (Chinese name Yinyuan Longqi), traveled to Japan and established the Obaku school of Zen Buddhism at Manpukuji Temple in Uji, Kyoto. "]
[6787,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","食","てん茶","てんちゃ"," tencha","抹茶は、抹茶を作るために栽培されたてん茶を使って作られています。","Matcha, the powdered tea used in the tea ceremony, is made with tencha, tea grown and prepared for making matcha."]
[6790,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","食","玉露","ぎょくろ","gyokuro","緑茶の最高グレードは玉露です。他のお茶のように処理されていますが、玉露の葉は、収穫する前に、少なくとも 2 週間遮光されています。","The highest grade of green tea is gyokuro. Though processed like other teas, gyokuro leaves have been shaded from sunlight for at least two weeks before harvesting. "]
[6798,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松尾芭蕉","まつおばしょう","Matsuo Basho (1644–1694)","境内には俳人松尾芭蕉 (1644–1694)の記念碑があります。 芭蕉はこのお寺を訪れたことはありませんが、この記念碑は地元のファンによって建てられました。","A monument to Matsuo Basho (1644–1694), the famous haiku poet, is located on the temple grounds. Although Basho never visited this temple, the monument was built by local fans. "]
[6799,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","常在寺","じょうざいじ","Jozaiji Temple","常在寺は8世紀初頭に創建されました。625年に中国から日本に伝わった三論宗に属していたという伝説があります。","Jozaiji Temple was built in the early eighth century. There is a legend that it belonged to the Sanron school of Buddhism, which had been introduced to Japan from China in 625. "]
[6804,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","食","逸口香","いっこっこう","ikkoko","「逸口香」は、サクサクした外見と空洞のある柔らかいパンケーキのような形をした地元の名物料理でした。中身が空洞にもかかわらず、甘くて強い香りがします。 ","ikkoko, a large pancake with a crispy exterior, a soft, airy interior, and a strong, sweet aroma. It was a local specialty. "]
[6810,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","如来","にょらい","nyorai","「十三仏」として知られていますが、実際には5つの仏（「如来」、悟りを開いた存在の意）、7つの菩薩、1つの明王で構成されています。","The “Thirteen Buddhas” actually consists of five buddhas (nyorai, meaning enlightened being), seven bodhisattvas (bosatsu), and one wisdom king (myo-o). "]
[6815,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","庭園・公園","坊主原パイロット茶園","ぼうずはらぱいろっとちゃえん","Bozuhara Pilot Tea Garden","坊主原パイロット茶園は、九州オルレ嬉野コース沿いにある茶畑で、絵のように美しい山を背景に茶畑を眺めることができます。","The Bozuhara Pilot Tea Garden is a tea farm located along the Kyushu Olle Ureshino Course from which the plantation can be viewed against a picturesque mountain backdrop."]
[6818,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","食","カステラ","かすてら"," castella cake","代表的なものが、1624年にポルトガル人によって日本に伝わったとされるカステラケーキ（かすてら）です。カステラは、現在では日本全国で愛されている黄色いカステラへと進化しました。","A classic example is the castella cake (kasutera) thought to have been introduced to Japan by the Portuguese in 1624. Kasutera evolved into the very popular yellow sponge cake enjoyed throughout the country today."]
[6822,"佐賀県","嬉野市多言語解説協議会","食","金平糖","こんぺいとう","konpeito","小さくて色とりどりの砂糖菓子「金平糖」も、後に日本に広まった地方のお菓子です。","The small, colorful sugar candies known as konpeito are also a popular sweet from the region that later spread throughout Japan. "]
[6828,"熊本県","熊本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","西大手門","にしおおてもん","Nishi-Ote Gate ","西大手門","Nishi-Ote Gate "]
[6833,"熊本県","熊本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","本丸","ほんまる","honmaru","この櫓の名前は「戌（犬）」と「亥（猪）」の漢字からなり、本丸北西部にある西出丸の「北西」の隅に位置していることを示しています。","The name of this turret consists of the Chinese characters for “dog” and “wild boar,” indicating that it stands in the northwest corner of the Nishidemaru, which is the northwestern part of the inner compound (honmaru). ","※「honmaru」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6834,"熊本県","熊本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","戌亥櫓","いぬいやぐら","Inui Turret","戌亥櫓","Inui Turret"]
[6842,"熊本県","熊本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","長塀","ながべい","Nagabei Long Wall","長塀","Nagabei Long Wall"]
[6845,"熊本県","熊本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","闇り通路","くらがりつうろ","Kuragari Tsuro","闇り通路","Kuragari Tsuro"]
[6850,"熊本県","熊本市","その他","町娘","まちむすめ","machi-musume","本格的な時間旅行を満喫したい方は、ロビーに戻って衣装をレンタルし、侍や忍者、町娘の格好をして見学を続けることも可能です。","Those who want to indulge in some serious time travel can even return to the lobby, rent a costume, and continue the tour dressed as a samurai, a ninja, or a young townswoman (machi-musume).","※「machi-musume」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6851,"熊本県","熊本市","人物・人名・役職名","清正公さん","せいしょこさん","Seishoko-san","毎年正月には、地元で「清正公さん」と呼ばれている神様にご利益を祈願するため、3日間で約40万人の人々が加藤神社を参拝します。","Every New Year, some 400,000 people visit Kato Shrine over a three-day period to pray to Seishoko-san, the local name for the deity, for good luck. "]
[6857,"熊本県","熊本市","庭園・公園","築山","つきやま","tsukiyama","東側には、池の向こう側に、富士山をイメージした見事な左右対称の人工の山、築山があります。","To the east, on the far side of the lake, is a strikingly symmetrical tsukiyama, or artificial mountain, evoking the shape of Mt. Fuji. ","※「tsukiyama」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6862,"熊本県","熊本市","温泉","温泉巡り","おんせんめぐり","onsen meguri","植木町は小さくまとまっていて歩きやすく、温泉巡りで様々な風呂を試すのにも適しています。","Ueki is compact, walkable, and well suited to an onsen meguri (hot-spring crawl) to try out the various baths. ","※「onsen meguri」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6865,"熊本県","熊本市","書物","五輪書","ごりんのしょ","The Book of Five Rings","余命を悟った武蔵は霊巌洞で隠遁し、『五輪書』を書き上げました。『五輪書』とは、「土の巻」「水の巻」「火の巻」「風の巻」「空の巻」と題された5つの章で剣術と人生の哲学を述べた作品です。","Aware that he did not have long to live, he shut himself away in the Reigando Cave in the foothills of Mt. Kinpo where he wrote The Book of Five Rings, a work that set forth his philosophy of swordsmanship and life in five chapters entitled “Earth,” “Water,” “Fire,” “Wind,” and “Void.” ","※「The Book of Five Rings」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6869,"熊本県","熊本市","食","マー油","まーゆ","mayu","熊本ラーメンは、豚骨スープの中に太麺を入れたもので、これに黒ニンニクを揚げたり焼いたりしたチップとニンニク油（マー油）が加わります。","Kumamoto ramen consists of thick noodles in a tonkotsu broth, sometimes mixed with chicken broth, along with blackened chips of fried or roasted garlic and garlic oil (mayu). ","※「mayu」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6875,"熊本県","熊本市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五輪塔","ごりんとう","gorinto","社殿の扉は開放されており、屋内にある巨大な石造の五輪塔を見ることができます。","The doors of the sanctuaries are left open so it is possible to see the enormous five-ring stone pagodas, or gorinto, inside. ","※「gorinto」はで斜体で表記。"]
[6880,"大分県","別府市　B-bizLINK","温泉","鉄輪温泉","かんなわおんせん","Kannawa Hot Spring","1276年に僧侶の一遍上人（1239年～1289年）が、鉄輪温泉を開いたと考えられています。","According to legend, the traveling Buddhist monk Ippen Shonin (1239–1289) created Kannawa Hot Springs in 1276."]
[6885,"大分県","別府市　B-bizLINK","温泉","酸性泉","さんせいせん","acidic spring","硫黄泉と酸性泉は皮膚疾患の症状を緩和するとされています。","Sulfur springs and acidic springs are believed to improve skin condition."]
[6889,"大分県","別府市　B-bizLINK","人物・人名・役職名","生野祥雲斎","しょうのしょううんさい","Shono Shounsai ","1967年、別府生まれの生野祥雲斎（1904年～1974年）は竹細工の分野で人間国宝に指定された最初の人物となりました。","In 1967, Beppu-born Shono Shounsai (1904–1974) became the first person to be designated a Living National Treasure in the field of bamboo ware."]
[6892,"大分県","別府市　B-bizLINK","植物","竹ひご","たけひご","bamboo strip","素材の竹を、編むための竹ひごにするためにはいくつかの技術と道具が使われます。","Several techniques and tools are used to transform raw bamboo into bamboo strips used for weaving. "]
[6897,"大分県","別府市　B-bizLINK","その他","巻き縁","まきぶち","wrapped rim","巻き縁、竹または籐で籠の縁を巻いていく技法","a wrapped rim (maki-buchi), with bamboo or rattan wrapped around the basket’s upper lip"]
[6903,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","植物","車輪梅","しゃりんばい","sharinbai (Yeddo hawthorn; Rhaphiolepis umbellata)","この島に生えるその他の特筆すべき植物には、毒のあるクワズイモ（Alocasia odora）、彼岸花の1種浜木綿（Crinum asiaticum）、車輪梅（Rhaphiolepis umbellata）などがあります。","Other noteworthy plants on the island include the poisonous kuwazuimo (Alocasia odora) taro, the hamayu (Crinum asiaticum) spider lily, and the sharinbai (Yeddo hawthorn; Rhaphiolepis umbellata)."]
[6904,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","岩石・洞窟","鬼の洗濯板","おにのせんたくいた","ogre's washboard","青島を取り囲むように海に向かって広がっている奇岩群は、地元では「鬼の（もしくは悪魔の）洗濯板」と呼ばれています。遠くから見ると大きな洗濯板のように見えると考えられているからです。","The unusually shaped fields of rock that jut out of the sea around Aoshima are known locally as the “ogre’s (or devil’s) washboard,” because they are thought to resemble a giant washboard when seen from afar."]
[6908,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","書物","万葉集","まんようしゅう","Man’yoshu","現存する日本最古の詩集である8世紀の『万葉集』には、紐の結び目を愛の象徴として詠う作品が多く収められています。","Many verses in the eighth-century Man’yoshu, the oldest extant collection of Japanese poetry, mention strings bound together as a symbol of love."]
[6915,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","工芸・美術品","平瓮","ひらか","hiraka","平瓮は素焼きの粘土製の皿の1種で、日本では弥生時代（300 BCE–300 CE）から宗教的目的に使われてきました。","A hiraka is a type of unglazed clay plate that has been used for religious purposes in Japan since the Yayoi period (300 BCE–300 CE)."]
[6920,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","天照大神","あまてらすおおかみ","Amaterasu","天高く、神道の神々の中で最も偉大な太陽神・天照大神が、孫の瓊瓊杵尊の前に立ちはだかります。","High up in the heavens, the sun goddess Amaterasu, the greatest of all the deities in the Shinto pantheon, stands before her grandson Ninigi."]
[6922,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","伊邪那岐命","いざなぎのみこと","Izanagi","日本の創造神話は伊邪那岐命(イザナギ)と伊邪那美命（イザナミ）という兄と妹の神を中心としていますが、2人が結ばれたことによって、日本列島の島々とそこに住まうさまざまな神々が生まれました。","The Japanese creation myth centers on the deities Izanagi and Izanami, brother and sister, whose union results in Izanami giving birth to the islands of the Japanese archipelago and to various deities that are to inhabit them."]
[6927,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","須佐之男命","すさのおのみこと","Susanoo","最後に顔をこすった際、神道の神々の中で最も重要な3柱が現れました。イザナギの左目から生まれた太陽の女神・アマテラス、右目から生まれた夜の主である月の神・月読命、鼻から生まれた海と嵐の神・須佐之男命です。","Finally, as he rubs his face, three of the most important gods in the Shinto pantheon come into being: Amaterasu, the sun goddess, is born from Izanagi’s left eye; the moon deity Tsukuyomi, lord of the night, from his right eye; and Susanoo, god of the sea and storms, from his nose."]
[6932,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","建造物等","なまこ壁","なまこかべ","namako wall","最も特徴的なものの1つはなまこ壁です。黒いタイルの上に厚い漆喰の継ぎ目で作られた白縁のひし形パターンは、もともとは蔵の耐火性の土壁を水から保護するために考え出されたものですが、明治時代（1868〜1912）には、レンガとモルタルの洋風の外観を実現するために使用されました。","One of its most distinctive features is the namako wall: a white-edged diamond pattern created by thick plaster joints over black tiles, originally developed to protect the earthen walls of fire-resistant storehouses from water but repurposed during the Meiji era (1868–1912) to achieve a Western-style brick-and-mortar appearance."]
[6936,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","運玉","うんだま","undama","鵜戸神宮を訪れた方は、運玉という「幸運を呼ぶ玉」を投げることで、運気を上げることができます。","Visitors to Udo Shrine can improve their luck by throwing undama, or “lucky orbs.”"]
[6939,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","護摩","ごま","goma fire ritual","現在の真言宗でも引き続き重要な、火を使った清めのための護摩の儀式は、この石の前で行われ、石には元々梵字（サンスクリット語の文字）が刻まれていました。","Purifying goma fire rituals, which remain important in the Shingon school today, were conducted in front of the stone, which originally had a bonji (Sanskrit letter)."]
[6944,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","社会","丁","ちょう","cho","鵜戸山八丁坂（「鵜戸神宮へつながる八丁の坂」、丁は日本の古い長さの単位で109メートルに相当）は、鵜戸神宮への最も古い参道です。","The Udosan Hatchozaka (“eight-cho slope to Udo Shrine”; cho is an old Japanese unit of length equivalent to 109 meters) is the oldest approach to Udo Shrine."]
[6950,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","シャンシャン馬","しゃんしゃんうま","shan-shan uma","このような行事が、現在でも日南市全域で行われている、新婚夫婦が精巧な装飾を施した馬に乗るのを主体として様々な形で行われるようになった「シャンシャン馬」の伝統を生み出したと言われています。","These events are said to have given birth to the shan-shan uma tradition, which is practiced throughout the present-day city of Nichinan in various forms and mainly involves newlyweds riding on elaborately decorated horses."]
[6955,"宮崎県","青島を中心とする宮崎神話多言語解説整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","カグツチ","かぐつち","Kagutsuchi","イザナミを葬ったイザナギは、悲劇の原因となった火の神・カグツチの方を向きます。","After burying Izanami, Izanagi turns toward Kagutsuchi, the fire god who caused the tragedy."]
[6960,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","その他","旧暦","きゅうれき","lunar calendar","七夕の中心にあるのは、天にいる2人の恋人の物語です。この2人は、旧暦7月7日の夜を除いて、逢うことが禁じられています。","It centers on the tale of two celestial lovers forbidden to meet, except for one evening on the seventh night of the seventh month of the lunar calendar."]
[6962,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","その他","思い起こさせる","おもいおこさせる","calls to mind","定禅寺は今はありませんが、定禅寺通は街の古い歴史を思い起こさせてくれます。","Jozenji Temple no longer exists, but Jozenji-dori calls to mind the early history of the city. "]
[6967,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","博物館・美術館","模型","もけい","models","資料展示館では伊達政宗の生涯および彼が遺したものに関する記録が保管されており、模型やCGシアター、VRゴーなどを通して青葉城が再現されています。","The museum documents Date Masamune’s life and legacy and depicts the castle through models, CG (3D) renderings, and VR (virtual reality) experiences. "]
[6969,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","その他","反幕府の気運","はんばくふのきうん","anti-shogunate sentiment","しかし、19世紀後半になると、外国からの侵略に対する恐れから反幕府の気運が高まった。","However, fears of foreign encroachment contributed to anti-shogunate sentiment in the late nineteenth century."]
[6974,"宮城県","株式会社インアウトバウンド仙台・松島","食","すべて込みのバーベキュー","すべてこみのばーべきゅー","all-inclusive barbecuing","暖かい季節になると、スプリングバレーでは、ジップラインやすべて込み (材料や器具が提供される) のバーベキューを楽しむことができます。","During the warmer months, ziplining and all-inclusive barbecuing (food and equipment provided) are available at Spring Valley."]
[6979,"山形県","出羽三山門前町プロジェクト","史跡","歴史を感じられる石段","れきしがかんじられるいしだん","weathered stone steps","杉の古木が脇に並ぶ歴史を感じられる石段が、霊峰羽黒山の山腹を縫うように続いている。","Weathered stone steps lined with ancient cedar trees wind up the mountainside of sacred Mt. Haguro. "]
[6983,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","建造物等","権現造","ごんげんづくり","gongen-zukuri","この建築様式は権現造として知られており、多くの場合、その華麗な彫刻が特徴です。","This style of architecture is known as gongen-zukuri and is often characterized by ornate carvings."]
[6990,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","除夜の鐘","じょやのかね","Joya no Kane","除夜の鐘の大晦日には、夜中に向けて参拝者が順に鐘をつきます。","In a New Year’s Eve ceremony known as Joya no Kane, worshippers take turns to strike the bell in the run-up to midnight."]
[6991,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","人物・人名・役職名","水天","すいてん","Suiten","井戸の先には、水の神で仏教における12天のうちの1人、水天様が祭られています。","Behind the well is a shrine dedicated to Suiten, the deity of water and one of the twelve guardian deities in Buddhism."]
[6997,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","その他","巻き込む","まきこむ","engulf","両家の敵対意識は深まり、全国を巻き込むことになる源平合戦（1180～1185年）へと繋がります。","The animosity between the two families grew and led to the Genpei War (1180–1185), a civil war that engulfed the country. "]
[7002,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","板碑","いたび","itabi","板碑（いたび）は、13世紀から16世紀にかけて日本で一般的に見られました。","Itabi stone tablets were common across Japan from the thirteenth to sixteenth century."]
[7007,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","その他","夫婦円満","ふうふえんまん","conjugal harmony","本殿は1760年に建てられており、喜び・夫婦円満・長寿の神である聖天（歓喜天）様が祭られています。","The hall was built in 1760 and venerates Shoden (or Kangiten), the deity of joy, conjugal harmony, and longevity."]
[7009,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","動物","獏","ばく","baku","竜、鳳凰、獅子、象、それに、悪夢を食うと言われている獏（ばく）と呼ばれる黒い象のような生き物が、ここには描かれています。","These include dragons, Chinese phoenixes, lions, elephants, and black, elephant-like creatures called baku, which are said to devour nightmares. "]
[7014,"埼玉県","熊谷市文化遺産保存事業実行委員会","年中行事","山車","だし","dashi","このうち7つが高さ9メートルにも及ぶ山車で、そこには太鼓の神谷歴史的人物などが描かれています。","Seven of the floats are dashi, tall floats that can reach a height of 9 meters and are decorated with models of ancient deities and historical figures. "]
[7021,"静岡県","静岡市","工芸・美術品","べっ甲製の眼鏡","べっこうせいのめがね","tortoiseshell glasses","徳川家康公（1542-1616）が晩年に所有していたべっ甲製の眼鏡である。","Tokugawa Ieyasu (1542–1616) owned these tortoiseshell glasses during the later years of his life. "]
[7025,"静岡県","静岡市","工芸・美術品","刀工集団","とうこうしゅうだん","group of swordsmiths","現存する最古の備前の刀工集団によるものと考えられている。","It is thought to have been made by the oldest extant group of swordsmiths in Bizen."]
[7026,"静岡県","静岡市","紋章等 ","立物","たてもの","crest","特に兜は、兜の庇の上に大きな立物紋章があるものが特徴的である。","Japanese helmets are particularly striking, especially those with a large crest above the visor."]
[7031,"静岡県","静岡市","植物","葵","あおい","aoi plant","頭頂部の円形の装飾は徳川家の家紋で、葵の葉が3枚描かれている。","The medallion at the top of the head is the Tokugawa family crest; it depicts three leaves of an aoi plant  (Asarum caulescens), a type of wild ginger."]
[7037,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","賀茂別雷神社","かもわけいかづちじんじゃ","Kamo Wakeikazuchi Jinja Shrine","賀茂別雷神社は、一般的には上賀茂神社と呼ばれており、京都で最も古い神社の1つです。","Kamo Wakeikazuchi Jinja, more commonly referred to as Kamigamo Jinja, is one of the oldest Shinto shrines in Kyoto."]
[7040,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","山岳","神山","こうやま","Mt. Koyama","市の北東に位置し、賀茂別雷大神が地上に降り立ったと言われている神聖な神山の近くにあります。","It is located in the northeast of the city near the sacred Mt. Koyama, where the deity Kamo Wakeikazuchi no Okami is said to have descended to earth."]
[7044,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","八咫烏","やたがらす","yatagarasu","賀茂別雷大神の神聖な祖父が、八咫烏の姿をして、日本の伝説的な初代天皇である神武天皇の案内役を務めたと言われています。","It is said that the divine grandfather of Kamo Wakeikazuchi no Okami took the form of a three-legged crow (yatagarasu) to serve as a guide for Emperor Jinmu, the legendary first emperor of Japan.","※「yatagarasu」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「three-legged crow」で説明。"]
[7049,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","植物","葵","あおい","aoi","この植物は「葵」、より具体的には「二葉葵」（Asarum caulescens、野生のしょうがの一種）と呼ばれ、神社の創建の伝説では儀式の飾りの一つとして登場します。","The plant is called aoi, or more specifically futaba aoi (Asarum caulescens), a species of wild ginger that appears as one of the ceremonial decorations in the legend of the shrine founding.","※「aoi」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7054,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","楼門","ろうもん","Romon Gate","楼門は上賀茂神社の本社の区域に通じており、最も重要な聖域がある神聖な空間への通路を象徴しています。","The Romon Gate leads into the main shrine area of Kamigamo Jinja, symbolizing passage into the sacred space that contains the most important sanctuaries."]
[7060,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","末社","まっしゃ","subsidiary shrine","二の鳥居の向こうには、さまざまな社殿や、伝統的な日本庭園、そしていくつかの末社と摂社があります。","Beyond the second torii gate are various shrine halls, a traditional Japanese garden, and several subsidiary and auxiliary shrines."]
[7061,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","摂社","せっしゃ","auxiliary shrine","上賀茂神社が権力と影響力を増した後、大田神社はその摂社の一つになりました。","After Kamigamo Jinja grew in power and influence, Ota Jinja became one of its auxiliary shrines."]
[7069,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","社会","関ヶ原の戦い","せきがはらのたたかい","Battle of Sekigahara ","徳川幕府の初代将軍である徳川家康（1543～1616）は、関ケ原の戦いを行った1600年に上賀茂神社へ参拝しました。","Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616), the first Tokugawa shogun, made a pilgrimage to the shrine in 1600, the year he fought in the Battle of Sekigahara."]
[7072,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お守り","おまもり","omamori","二葉葵の紋は、瓦や灯籠、飾り金具、絵馬、お守りなどに見られます。","The futaba aoi crest can be seen on roof tiles, lanterns, decorative metalwork, ema votive tablets, and omamori charms.","※「omamori」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7077,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","唐獅子","からじし","karajishi","本殿と権殿は、左は狛犬という伝説上の獣、右は唐獅子が対になった像と絵画で守られています。","Both the Honden and the Gonden are protected by paired statues and paintings of sacred guardians, a mythical komainu beast on the left and a karajishi lion on the right.","※「karajishi」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7078,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","立砂","たてすな","tatesuna","神社の境内では、細殿の前にある立砂という円錐形の砂は神山を表しています。","On the main shrine grounds, the sacred mountain is represented by the twin tatesuna sand cones in front of the Hosodono Hall.","※「tatesuna」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7084,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","社会","応仁の乱","おうにんのらん","Onin War","上賀茂神社の守護者にまつわる民話によれば、応仁の乱（1467〜1477）の混乱の中で、神職たちは戦場に出なければならず、神様を守ることができませんでした。","According to a folk tale about the guardians of Kamigamo Jinja, in the chaos of the Onin War (1467–1477) shrine priests had to depart for the battlefield and could not protect the deity."]
[7087,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","下鴨神社","しもがもじんじゃ","Shimogamo Jinja Shrine","賀茂祭は上賀茂神社の最も重要な毎年恒例の祭りで、国の平和と安全、そして国民の幸福を祈願するために、賀茂御祖神社（下鴨神社）と共同で開催されています。","The Kamo Festival is the most important annual festival of Kamigamo Jinja, held jointly with Kamomioya Jinja Shrine (Shimogamo Jinja) to pray for the peace and safety of the country and the well-being of the people."]
[7095,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","乗物","牛車","ぎっしゃ","ox cart","歴史的に最高位の参加者を運ぶために使用された2台の装飾された牛車と、鮮やかな色の花で飾った大きな傘がお祭りの雰囲気を高めます。","Two decorated ox carts that were historically used to carry the highest-ranking participants, as well as large umbrellas topped with brightly colored flowers add to the festive atmosphere."]
[7096,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","橋殿","はしどの","Hashidono Hall","橋殿は、ならの小川にまたがる壁の無い建物で、さまざまな儀式やお祭り、神聖な舞に利用されています。","The Hashidono Hall is an open-air structure that spans the Nara no Ogawa Stream and is used for various rituals, festivals, and sacred dances."]
[7102,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","芸能・興行・イベント","舞楽","ぶがく","bugaku","一連のお清めの儀式や祈祷の後、伝統的な舞楽の衣装を着た熟練の乗り手が全速力で馬を疾走させ、叫びながら、馬をゴールへと駆り立てます。","After a series of purification rites and prayers, skilled riders in traditional bugaku court dance attire gallop at full speed down the track, shouting and urging their horses on toward the goal.","※「bugaku」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「traditional court dance」も使用することも可能。"]
[7107,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","賢木","さかき","sakaki","その後、もう一人の神職が神聖な賢木の枝を振って、橋殿にいる全ての人と、儀式を見るために集まった人々を清めます。","Another priest wielding a branch of the sacred sakaki tree then proceeds to purify everyone assembled on the Hashidono, as well as the people who gathered to watch the ceremony. ","※「sakaki」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\n「榊」とも書く。"]
[7112,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","芸能・興行・イベント","和歌","わか","waka","神職の一人は前進し、公家であり歌人であった藤原家隆（1158～1237）が書いた上賀茂神社での夏越大祓を詠んだ和歌を詠み上げます。","A priest steps forward to recite a waka poem about summer purification at Kamigamo Jinja written by Fujiwara Ietaka (1158–1237), a court noble and poet.","※「waka」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7116,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","年中行事","重陽神事","ちょうようしんじ","Choyo Ritual","上賀茂神社では、この伝統を祝うために重陽神事（別名「菊の神事」）を行います。","At Kamigamo Jinja, this tradition is celebrated with the Choyo Ritual, also known as the Chrysanthemum Ritual."]
[7119,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","片岡社","かたおかしゃ","Kataokasha","片山御子神社（別名片岡社）は、上賀茂神社の境内にある24の摂末社の中で最も重要だと考えられています。","Katayama Miko Jinja Shrine (also known as Kataokasha) is considered the most important of the 24 subsidiary and auxiliary shrines on Kamigamo Jinja grounds."]
[7126,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","貴船神社","きふねじんじゃ","Kifune Jinja Shrine","新宮神社は、貴布禰神社としても知られており、その名前は高龗神信仰の元々の中心であった北の貴船町にあるより大きな貴船神社に由来しています。","Shingu Jinja is also known as Kifune Jinja, after the larger shrine located to the north in the village of Kibune, which was the original center of Takaokami no Kami worship.","※左京区鞍馬貴船町の神社のこと。"]
[7130,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","人物・人名・役職名","天鈿女命","あめのうずめのみこと","Ame no Uzume no Mikoto","大田神社は上賀茂神社から東に約800メートルの所に位置し、太陽の女神である天照大御神に関する有名な神話に登場する女神、天鈿女命を祀っています。","Ota Jinja Shrine is located approximately 800 meters to the east of Kamigamo Jinja grounds and is dedicated to Ame no Uzume no Mikoto, a goddess from the famous myth about Amaterasu Omikami, the goddess of the sun."]
[7131,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","人物・人名・役職名","天照大御神","あまてらすおおみかみ","Amaterasu Omikami","大田神社は上賀茂神社から東に約800メートルの所に位置し、太陽の女神である天照大御神に関する有名な神話に登場する女神、天鈿女命を祀っています。","Ota Jinja Shrine is located approximately 800 meters to the east of Kamigamo Jinja grounds and is dedicated to Ame no Uzume no Mikoto, a goddess from the famous myth about Amaterasu Omikami, the goddess of the sun."]
[7135,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","その他","天然記念物","てんねんきねんぶつ","Natural Monument","1945年に、杜若の池は天然記念物に指定されました。","In 1945, the iris pond was designated a Natural Monument."]
[7142,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","建造物等","入母屋","いりもや","hip-and-gable roof","2階建ての構造や入母屋、魔や不幸から保護することを目的とした明るい朱色が特徴です。","The gate is characterized by a two-story construction, hip-and-gable roof, and bright vermilion color intended as protection from evil and misfortune."]
[7147,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神の使い","かみのつかい","divine messenger ","神馬は神社に奉納されたもので、賀茂別雷大神に神の使いとしてお仕えしています。","The horse is dedicated to the shrine to serve as a divine messenger for the deity Kamo Wakeikazuchi no Okami."]
[7149,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","人物・人名・役職名","中根金作","なかねきんさく","Nakane Kinsaku","徳仁天皇の誕生を記念して、1960年に有名な造園家の中根金作（1917〜1995）によって作成されました。","The garden was created in 1960 by the renowned landscape architect Nakane Kinsaku (1917–1995) in celebration of the birth of Emperor Naruhito."]
[7154,"京都府","賀茂別雷神社","人物・人名・役職名","賀茂重保","かものしげやす","Kamo Shigeyasu","これは、1182年に、有名な歌人であった当時の上賀茂神社の宮司、賀茂重保が開いた貴族同士の歌の競作を現代的に再現したものです。","It is a modern reenactment of a poetry competition between nobles that was hosted in 1182 by Kamo Shigeyasu, the head priest of Kamigamo Jinja at that time and a renowned poet himself."]
[7159,"京都府","真宗大谷派","工芸・美術品","厨子","ずし","reliquary","この木像は、彼の子孫が毎朝鍵を開けて開く厨子に納められており、昔からの習慣となっている。","The image is kept in a reliquary whose doors are unlocked and opened every morning by one of his descendants, as has been the tradition for centuries."]
[7163,"京都府","真宗大谷派","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","浄土","じょうど","Pure Land","浄土の輝きと安楽さを表現するためのものである。","...to represent the brilliance and contentment of the Pure Land, the paradise that represents perfect enlightenment."]
[7166,"京都府","真宗大谷派","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","無量寿経","むりょうじゅきょう","Sutra of Immeasurable Life","この組み合わせは、浄土真宗の重要な経典の一つである「無量寿経」の教えを表している。","This combination of deities represents the preaching of the Sutra of Immeasurable Life. "]
[7173,"京都府","真宗大谷派","書物","源氏物語","げんじものがたり","The Tale of Genji","大臣や詩人だった源融（822-895）は、天皇の息子であり、世界最初の小説とも呼ばれている「源氏物語」の主人公である光源氏のモデルになったとも言われている。","It memorializes Minamoto no Toru (822–895), a statesman and poet who was the son of an emperor and is sometimes cited as the inspiration for Hikaru Genji, the protagonist of The Tale of Genji, the world’s first novel."]
[7177,"京都府","真宗大谷派","庭園・公園","築山","つきやま","artificial hill","「滴翠軒」は、裏の築山から池に流れ込む小水にちなんで「小川のほとりの軒」という意味だ。","Tekisuiken translates as “house by the stream” in reference to the small stream that flows into the pond from the artificial hill behind the building."]
[7182,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","人物・人名・役職名","皇后","こうごう","empress-regent","第四本宮には、3世紀初頭に住吉大社を創建したとされる神功皇后が祀られている。","Daiyon Hongū, or “fourth main shrine,” is dedicated to the legendary empress-regent Jingū, who is said to have founded Sumiyoshi Taisha in the early third century."]
[7187,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","植物","ハマヒエガエリ","はまひえがえり","(Polypogon fugax), a grass that only grows in salty soil","御田には、かつて神社の入り口のすぐ近くまで大阪湾が広がっていたことを示す塩分を含んだ土壌にしか生えない草、ハマヒエガエリなどの様々な特徴的な植物が生息していることが研究者により確認されている。","Researchers have found a diverse mix of plants in the paddy, including hamahiegaeri (Polypogon fugax), a grass that only grows in salty soil—a reminder that Osaka Bay once extended to the shrine’s doorstep."]
[7189,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","参道","さんどう","sandō","神社や仏閣の表参道を「参道」(文字通り、参拝するための道)と呼び、「ショウメン」とは「正面」のことを意味する。","A sandō (literally, the path or “way” to worship) is the main approach to a Shinto shrine or Buddhist temple; shōmen means “front.”","※「sandō」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7194,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","その他","招き猫","まねきねこ","beckoning cat","楠珺社では、お賽銭と引き換えに招福猫と呼ばれる招き猫の土人形をもらえる。","If you make a donation at Nankun-sha, you will receive a clay figurine of a beckoning cat called shōfuku neko."]
[7196,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","収穫神","しゅうかくがみ","harvest god","神話に登場する収穫神・大年神を祀る。","This shrine is dedicated to Ōtoshi no Kami, a harvest god in Shinto mythology."]
[7201,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","植物","卯の花","うのはな","unohana","この植物は、旧暦の卯月に咲くことから日本語で「卯の花」と呼ばれている。","In Japanese, the plant is called unohana, or “rabbit flower,”  as its blooming season coincides with the month of the rabbit in the ancient Chinese calendar. "]
[7206,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","岩石・洞窟","小石","こいし","pebble(s)"," 石の中には「五」「大」「力」の文字が刻まれているものが何も刻まれていない小石の中にまかれている。","Pebbles inscribed with the character for “five” (go, 五), “large” (dai, 大), or “power” (riki, 力) are scattered among unmarked stones at the site.","※複数形「pebbles」、単数形「pebble」"]
[7212,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","神の御加護","かみのごかご","divine help","光源氏は後に東宮妃となる女性と恋をしてしまうという過ちを犯したが、神の御加護で最終的には京都に戻り、朝廷の寵愛を受けることができたのである。","Genji had made the mistake of romancing the future wife of the crown prince, but—with a little divine help—he eventually managed to return to Kyoto and into the good graces of the imperial court."]
[7217,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","植物","稲穂","いなほ","stalk of rice","「みのりまいり」のならわしとして参拝者は、楠珺社で神聖な籾種を稲穂と交換し、それを次の大歳社で再び交換することができる。","Visitors performing the more complex Minori Mairi rite can exchange the sacred rice seed for a stalk of rice here; the rice stalk can be exchanged again at the next shrine, Ōtoshi-sha."]
[7220,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","巫女","みこ","shrine maiden(s)","1月上旬に行われる他の神事には、2人の神職による宮中の古式ゆかしい儀式や、神楽女と呼ばれる巫女による舞が行われる踏歌神事が1月4日にある。","Other events in early January include the Tōka Shinji on January 4, which features an ancient court ritual performed by two priests, as well as dances by shrine maidens called kagurame.","※複数形「shrine maidens」、単数形「shrine maiden」"]
[7224,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","芸能・興行・イベント","遊女","ゆうじょ","yūjo","「遊女」と呼ばれた女性たちの多くは踊りや音楽に長けている人が多く、その中でも特に優れた人は有名人だったと言われている。","Many of these women, who were called yūjo, were skilled dancers and musicians, and the most accomplished were celebrities."]
[7229,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","植物","種","たね","seed","倉稲魂命は特に穀物に関連しており、「種」と言う意味からも種まきや豊穣との強い結びつきがあることから、事業を始める人や子宝を願う人に人気がある。","Uka no Mitama no Mikoto is specifically associated with grain, and the shrine’s strong connection with sowing and fertility—tane means “seed” —has made it popular with people starting businesses or hoping to conceive children."]
[7234,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","おみくじ","おみくじ","omikuji","1年の運勢を占うためのおみくじが神社の売店で売られている。","Fortune-telling slips called omikuji that predict one’s luck for the year are available at booths around the shrine."]
[7236,"大阪府","宗教法人　住吉大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","お祓い","おはらい","purification ritual","お祓いの後、牛が木の鋤を引いて田んぼを耕し、聖水が撒かれる。","After a purification ritual, the sacred paddy is tilled by oxen pulling wooden plows and then sprinkled with holy water."]
[7241,"奈良県","元興寺多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","庫裏","くり","administrative and living space","1663年には極楽堂に移され、管理と生活のための空間（庫裡）となった。","In 1663, that kitchen was relocated to the northern end of the Zenshitsu, where it functioned as an administrative and living space (kuri)."]
[7248,"奈良県","元興寺多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","朱印","しゅいん","official license ","1602年、元興寺は徳川幕府から朱印状を授与され、租税が免除されることになった。","In 1602, Gangōji was granted an official license (shuin) from the newly established Tokugawa shogunate, giving the temple exemption from taxation."]
[7252,"奈良県","元興寺多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","横被","おうひ","stole","聖徳太子は、宮中の真紅の袍の上に、七條袈裟と横被を羽織った法衣を着ている。","Shōtoku is also shown wearing Buddhist vestments consisting of a stole (ōhi) and seven-panel kasaya (kesa) worn over the crimson robes (hō) of the imperial court. "]
[7253,"奈良県","元興寺多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","数珠","じゅず","Buddhist prayer beads ","空海は僧衣をまとい、右手には密教の法具である金剛杵を持っている。左手には数珠を持っている。","In his right hand, he holds a vajra (kongōsho), a pronged implement used in Esoteric Buddhist rituals. In his left hand, Kūkai holds a set of Buddhist prayer beads (juzu)."]
[7259,"奈良県","元興寺多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","物忌み","ものいみ","period of ritual abstinence","たとえば、物忌み札は、物忌みの期間を示すために人々が持ち歩いたり、戸口に貼ったりした木製のお守りだ。","For example, one exhibit contains monoimi-fuda, wooden talismans that people carried or affixed to their doors to indicate a period of ritual abstinence (monoimi). "]
[7264,"島根県","出雲大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御神体 ","ごしんたい","a sacred object that houses a Shinto deity","大国主の御神体 （神道で神聖な神が宿る物）は、本殿から幕を張って移され（神を視界から守る）、修造期間中、拝殿内の仮の祭壇に祀られます。","Ōkuninushi’s goshintai (a sacred object that houses a Shinto deity) is ceremonially transferred from the Honden in a curtained procession (shielding the deity from view) and enshrined in an interim altar within the Haiden for the duration of the restoration work."]
[7267,"島根県","出雲大社","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","縁結び","えんむすび","tying of bonds between people","主祭神は、国造りと縁結び（人と人の絆）に関わる神であるオオクニヌシノカミです。","The main deity worshipped at the shrine is Ōkuninushi no Kami (“Great Lord of the Land”), who is associated with nation building and en-musubi (“tying of bonds between people ”).","※ほとんどの文章では「tying of bonds between people」の前に「the」が来る"]
[7271,"島根県","出雲大社","紋章等 ","家紋","かもん","family crest","出雲大社の花と剣の紋は、もともとは宮司家の家紋でしたが、18世紀または19世紀のどこかで年に正式な社紋として採用されました。","The flower-and-sword crest of Izumo Ōyashiro Shrine was originally the family crest of the shrine’s chief priests, but was adopted as the official shrine crest sometime in the eighteenth or nineteenth century."]
[7276,"島根県","古代出雲歴史博物館","その他","たたら製鉄","たたらせいてつ","tatara iron manufacturing","例えば、博物館の鉄の壁は、島根県がたたら製鉄の町であったことを表しています。","The museum’s steel walls, for instance, reflect the Shimane region’s role in tatara iron manufacturing"]
[7281,"島根県","古代出雲歴史博物館","その他","国譲り","くにゆずり","relinquishing the land","国譲り神話は、オオクニヌシが太陽の女神、アマテラスオオミカミの子孫に土地を譲る代わりに、立派な社殿と「見えない世界」を支配する権限を手に入れたことが記されています。","The kuni-yuzuri (“relinquishing the land”) myth describes how Ōkuninushi agreed to cede control of the land to the descendants of the sun goddess Amaterasu Ōmikami in exchange for a magnificent shrine and the authority to govern the “unseen world.”"]
[7287,"島根県","古代出雲歴史博物館","その他","試練","しれん","trial(s)","しかし、スサノヲはオオナムチを助けようとはせず、4つの苦しい試練を課します。","However, Susanoo is reluctant to help Ōnamuchi and subjects him to a series of four arduous trials.","※複数形「trials」、単数形「trial」"]
[7291,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","八幡神","はちまんしん","Hachiman","八幡神の神社は日本で最も数が多い神社の一つであり、その数は数万社にのぼり、宇佐神宮がその総本宮となっています。","Shrines dedicated to Hachiman are among the most numerous in Japan, counting tens of thousands, and Usa Jingu serves as their head shrine.","※八幡信仰と神仏習合の独特な歴史を持つため、「八幡大菩薩」や「八幡神」、「八幡大神」などの名前が見られますが、混乱を回避するため、英語の適切な表現として、「Hachiman」あるいは「the deity Hachiman」の表現がお勧めです。"]
[7294,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","建造物等","八幡造り","はちまんづくり","hachiman-zukuri","上宮の３つの御殿は宇佐神宮発祥の八幡造建築の様式で建てられています。","The three main sanctuaries of the Jogu are built in the hachiman-zukuri architecture style that originated at Usa Jingu.","※「hachiman-zukuri」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「architecture style」を追加すること。"]
[7299,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","神功皇后","じんぐうこうごう","Empress Jingu","ここでは、神格化された応神天皇（日本の伝説的な第15代天皇）である八幡神と、応神天皇の母である神功皇后、そして比売大神と呼ばれる三女神という、主要な三柱の御祭神を祀っています。","It enshrines three main deities: Hachiman, the deified Emperor Ojin (the legendary 15th emperor of Japan), his mother Empress Jingu, and a trio of goddesses called Hime Okami."]
[7305,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","八坂神社","やさかじんじゃ","Yasaka Jinja Shrine","この祭りは宇佐神宮の末社のひとつである八坂神社で行われ、疫病、自然災害、その他の不幸を防ぐことを目的としています。","The event is held at Yasaka Jinja, one of the subsidiary shrines of Usa Jingu Shrine, with the goal of preventing epidemics, natural disasters, and other misfortune."]
[7306,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","般若心経","はんにゃしんぎょう","Heart Sutra","鎮疫祭は、約千年前、宇佐神宮の僧侶が般若心経を夜通し唱える毎年の儀式として始まったと言われています。","It is said that the Chin’ekisai originated a thousand years ago as an annual ritual in which monks from Buddhist temples in the Usa Jingu complex chanted the Heart Sutra through the night."]
[7311,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","陵王","りょうおう","Ryo’o (Prince of Lanling)","「陵王」は6世紀の中国の勇敢な王子の物語を語る舞です。","Ryo’o (Prince of Lanling) tells the story of a valiant prince from sixth-century China.","※書名ので斜体で表記。"]
[7314,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","勅使","ちょくし","chokushi","宇佐神宮は、天皇陛下の代わりにお祈りや儀式を行う勅使が定期的に訪れる17の高位の神社のひとつです。","Usa Jingu is one of 17 highly-ranked shrines regularly visited by chokushi (imperial messengers) who perform prayers and rituals on behalf of the emperor.","※「chokushi」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「imperial messenger」も使用することも可能。"]
[7322,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","年中行事","法華三昧","ほっけざんまい","Hokke Zanmai","法華八講の儀式の間の年、法華三昧と呼ばれるより小規模な儀式は、近くにある国東半島の六郷満山の寺院から宇佐神宮へ来る僧侶によって行われています。","In the years between Hokke Hakko rituals, a smaller-scale version called Hokke Zanmai is led by monks from Rokugo Manzan temples, who come to Usa Jingu from the neighboring Kunisaki Peninsula."]
[7323,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法華経","ほけきょう","Lotus Sutra","法華八講と法華三昧は、宇佐神宮の上宮で法華経とその解釈を中心に行われる仏教の儀式です。","The Hokke Hakko and Hokke Zanmai are Buddhist rituals with a focus on the Lotus Sutra and its interpretation that are held at the Jogu (Upper Shrine) of Usa Jingu Shrine."]
[7328,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","猿田彦","さるたひこ","Sarutahiko","道案内の神である猿田彦の姿をした氏子が先導し、音楽家、色とりどりの衣装を着た子供たち、伝統的な正装をした地域の代表者、宇佐神宮の神職が続きます。","A parishioner portraying Sarutahiko, the deity of guidance, leads the way, followed by musicians, children dressed in colorful costumes, community representatives in traditional formal clothing, and the priests of Usa Jingu."]
[7334,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","年中行事","仲秋祭","ちゅうしゅうさい","Chushusai","仲秋祭は、8世紀初頭に大和朝廷に討伐された南九州の民族である隼人への追悼の意を表して宇佐神宮が開催する、大規模な3日間の祭りです。","The Chushusai (“mid-autumn festival”) is a large, three-day festival held by Usa Jingu Shrine in honor of the Hayato people of southern Kyushu who were subjugated by the Yamato court in the early eighth century."]
[7338,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","年中行事","蜷放生","になほうじょう","Nina Hojo","仲秋祭の中心となる儀式は蜷放生です。","The main ritual of the Chushusai is the Nina Hojo (“rite for the release of mollusks”)."]
[7341,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","年中行事","本殿遷座祭","ほんでんせんざさい","Honden Senzasai","本殿遷座祭は今では珍しい光景であり、本殿の修理の規模が充分に大きく、すべてのご祭神を移す必要があるときにのみ行われます。","The Honden Senzasai is now a rare sight, only taking place when the main sanctuaries require repairs on a scale large enough to transfer all the enshrined deities."]
[7346,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","双葉山","ふたばやま","Futabayama","双葉山は約20年間にわたって輝かしい戦歴を重ね、引退するまでに相撲のトップリーグで12回の優勝を果たしました。","Futabayama enjoyed a successful career that lasted nearly two decades, retiring with 12 championship wins in the top division."]
[7352,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","組織・団体","日本相撲協会","にほんすもうきょうかい","Japan Sumo Association","双葉山は、自身の相撲部屋の長として力士を指導し、1957年から没年の1968年まで日本相撲協会の会長として務めました。","Futabayama went on to coach wrestlers as the head of his own sumo stable and served as the chair of the Japan Sumo Association from 1957 until his death in 1968."]
[7357,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","建造物等","石灯籠","いしどうろう","stone lantern","当時の写真によれば、駅舎は社殿を思い起こさせ、側には大きな石灯籠がありました。","As seen in photos from the period, the station building was reminiscent of a shrine hall flanked by large stone lanterns."]
[7358,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","乗物","クラウス26号蒸気機関車","くらうすにじゅうろくごうじょうききかんしゃ","Steam Locomotive Krauss No. 26","クラウス26号蒸気機関車は鉄道の歴史を思い出させるものとして保存されており、仲見世商店街近くの宇佐神宮の主な参道の横に見ることができます。","The Steam Locomotive Krauss No. 26 has been preserved as a reminder of the railway line’s history and can be seen beside the main approach to Usa Jingu near Nakamise Shopping Street."]
[7362,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","その他","美濃国","みののくに","Mino Province","蓑虫山人（1836〜1900）は、14歳で美濃国（現在の岐阜県）の実家を離れ、48年間日本中をさまよった放浪の画家でした。","Minomushi Sanjin (1836–1900) was a traveling artist who left his home in Mino Province (modern Gifu Prefecture) at age 14 and wandered around Japan for 48 years."]
[7369,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","史跡","凶首塚古墳","きょうしゅづかこふん","Kyoshuzuka Tumulus","凶首塚古墳は、6世紀後半から7世紀初頭に造られた古代の古墳です。","The Kyoshuzuka Tumulus is an ancient burial mound (kofun) that was built in the late sixth or early seventh century."]
[7371,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","史跡","円墳","えんぷん","round burial mound","研究によると、凶首塚古墳は当初、直径約15メートルの円墳であり、埋葬された豪族の長の領土であったと思われる盆地を臨む台地の上に造られました。","Research has demonstrated that the Kyoshuzuka Tumulus was originally a round burial mound approximately 15 meters in diameter, situated on high ground to look out over the valley that may have been the clan chief’s territory."]
[7376,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","古要神社","こようじんじゃ","Koyo Jinja Shrine","その習慣は宇佐では20世紀に消滅しましたが、九州にある八幡古表神社と古要神社という2つの神社で続いています。","The tradition died out in Usa in the twentieth century, but it continues at two other Kyushu shrines: Hachiman Kohyo Jinja Shrine and Koyo Jinja Shrine."]
[7381,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","海岸・岬","和間浜","わまはま","Wama Beach","浮殿は宇佐神宮の小さな摂社で、最初は和間浜に建てられ、潮が満ちると波間に浮かんでいるように見えました。","The Ukiden, or “floating sanctuary,” is a small auxiliary shrine of Usa Jingu Shrine that was first built on Wama Beach and appeared to be floating on the waves when the tide was high."]
[7385,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","集落・街","新明町商店街","しんめいちょうしょうてんがい","Shinmeicho shopping district","この商店街は、1932年から1941年に宇佐神宮で行われた昭和の大造営の頃に、宇佐神宮西口の近くにあった新明町商店街に代わって作られました。","The shopping street took shape around the time of the Great Showa Reconstruction conducted at Usa Jingu from 1932 to 1941, replacing the Shinmeicho shopping district that existed near the western entrance to the shrine."]
[7392,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","食","赤エビ","あかえび","red rice prawn","シーフードが好きな人は、近くの海で水揚げされ、乾燥され、さまざまな家庭料理に組み込めるようにパッケージ化された赤エビの商品などを見つけることができます。","Seafood lovers can find goods such as red rice prawns caught in nearby ocean waters, dried and packaged for incorporating into home recipes."]
[7393,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","食","大麦焼酎","おおむぎしょうちゅう","barley shochu","宇佐市は大分県で最も酒蔵が多く、日本最大の大麦焼酎の荷主であるため、伝統的なものに加えて最近のアルコール飲料も幅広く取り揃えています。","Usa has the most sake breweries in Oita Prefecture and is the largest supplier of barley shochu liquor in Japan, so there is also a wide selection of traditional and modern alcoholic beverages.","※「shochu」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7400,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","薬師如来","やくしにょらい","Yakushi Buddha","禅堂の中央に安置されているのは、かつて弥勒寺の金堂のご本尊であった薬師如来座像です。","In the center of the Zendo is a seated statue of Yakushi Buddha, the deity of medicine and healing, which was the principal object of worship at the Kondo (Main Hall) of Mirokuji."]
[7404,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","日光菩薩","にっこうぼさつ","bodhisattva Nikko","薬師如来座像の両脇にあるのは、脇侍である日光菩薩・月光菩薩の像です。","Flanking Yakushi are two attendants, Nikko and Gakko, the bodhisattvas of sunlight and moonlight, respectively."]
[7409,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","観音堂","かんのんどう","Kannondo Hall","山門の右側にある小さい観音堂には、慈悲の菩薩である観音菩薩の金箔を施した像が安置されています。","A gilded statue of Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion, is installed in the small Kannondo Hall to the right of the temple gate."]
[7414,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","阿弥陀如来","あみだにょらい","Amida Buddha","極楽寺は浄土真宗の仏教寺院であり、本堂にあるご本尊は、浄土真宗で最も崇拝されている仏である阿弥陀如来の像です。","Gokurakuji belongs to the Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land) school of Buddhism, and the principal object of worship in the Hondo (Main Hall) is a statue of Amida Buddha, the most revered deity in the Pure Land tradition."]
[7416,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","弥勒堂","みろくどう","Mirokudo Hall","同様の経緯で極楽寺にやってきたもう一つの重要な仏像が、弥勒堂に安置されている弥勒の大きな2.8mの座像です。","Another important statue that came to Gokurakuji through similar circumstances is the large (2.8 m) seated statue of Miroku that is displayed in the temple’s Mirokudo Hall."]
[7419,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","勢至菩薩","せいしぼさつ","bodhisattva Seishi","山門と本堂の間には、もともと大弐堂にあった阿弥陀如来、慈悲の菩薩である観音菩薩、力の菩薩である勢至菩薩のご真言が書かれている円額の複製品があります。","Between the temple gate and the Hondo of Gokurakuji is a replica of a round plaque from the Dainido Hall bearing mantras to Amida Buddha, Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion, and Seishi, the bodhisattva of strength."]
[7427,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","後醍醐天皇","ごだいごてんのう","Emperor Go-Daigo","1334年、後醍醐天皇（1288–1339）の命により、大楽寺は国の平和と保護を祈る義務を負ったお寺である勅願寺になりました。","In 1334, by decree of Emperor Go-Daigo (1288–1339) Dairakuji became a chokuganji, a temple tasked with the duty of praying for the peace and protection of the country."]
[7428,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","勅願時","ちょくがんじ","chokuganji","1334年、後醍醐天皇（1288–1339）の命により、大楽寺は国の平和と保護を祈る義務を負ったお寺である勅願寺になりました。","In 1334, by decree of Emperor Go-Daigo (1288–1339) Dairakuji became a chokuganji, a temple tasked with the duty of praying for the peace and protection of the country.","※「chokuganji」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7433,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","釈迦如来","しゃかにょらい","Shakyamuni Buddha","大善寺のご本尊は、本堂で祀られている釈迦如来（歴史上に実在した仏陀）の像です。","The principal object of worship of Daizenji is a statue of Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, enshrined in the Hondo (Main Hall)."]
[7439,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","五鈷杵","ごこしょ","gokosho","本堂の陳列ケースには、開祖である道密上人が使用していたと伝えられる五鈷杵という法具や、その一部が真言宗の開祖である空海（弘法大師、774–835）によって書かれたと伝えられている般若心経の手書きの巻物が展示されています。","Display cases in the Hondo contain a ritual tool called gokosho, supposedly used by the founder Domitsu, and a handwritten Heart Sutra scroll, part of which is attributed to Kukai (Kobo Daishi, 774–835), the founder of the Shingon school of Buddhism.","※「gokosho」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7444,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","書物","平家物語","へいけものがたり","Heike Monogatari (The Tale of the Heike)","寺伝によるとこの仏像は、13世紀の叙事詩である平家物語にも登場した強力な武家の平家の一員であった平重盛（1138–1179）のものでした。","According to temple legend, the statue belonged to Taira Shigemori (1138–1179), a member of the powerful Taira warrior clan featured in Heike Monogatari (The Tale of the Heike), a thirteenth-century epic.","※書名ので斜体で表記。"]
[7447,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","梵鐘","ぼんしょう","temple bell","境内には、いくつかの菩薩や明王などの石造、石塔があり、鐘楼にある1382年作の大きな梵鐘は大分県最古の国産の梵鐘となっています。","The temple grounds contain multiple stone sculptures of bodhisattvas and guardian deities, stone pagodas, and a bell tower with a large bell that dates to 1382 and is the oldest domestically-produced temple bell in Oita Prefecture."]
[7451,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","無本覚心","むほんかくしん","Muhon Kakushin","右は栄尊、左はその時代の臨済宗のもう一人の僧侶であり、円通寺の復活を手伝った無本覚心（1207–1298）を表しています。","The one on the right portrays Eison, and the one on the left depicts Muhon Kakushin (1207–1298), another Rinzai Zen monk of that era who helped restore the temple."]
[7457,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","建造物等","唐破風","からはふ","karahafu","呉橋の唐破風の屋根はヒノキの樹皮の板葺きで覆われ、その橋体は神社の建物や鳥居によく使われる独特の朱色で塗られています。","The karahafu (cusped gable) roof is covered with cypress bark shingles, and the structure is painted the distinctive vermilion color often used for shrine buildings and torii gates.","※「karahafu」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7462,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西参道","にしさんどう","Nishi Sando Path","西参道は、呉橋から宇佐神宮境内に至る道です。","The Nishi Sando (“western approach”) is the path that leads from the Kurehashi Bridge into the Usa Jingu shrine grounds."]
[7463,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","須佐之男命","すさのおのみこと","Susanoo no Mikoto","西参道沿いのもう一つの注目すべき場所は、海と嵐にまつわる神である須佐之男命を祀る、宇佐神宮の末社、八坂神社です。","Another notable site along the Nishi Sando is Yasaka Jinja Shrine, a subsidiary shrine of Usa Jingu dedicated to Susanoo no Mikoto, a deity associated with the sea and storms."]
[7471,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","上宮","じょうぐう","Jogu (Upper Shrine)","上宮は、宇佐神宮でのほとんどの儀式や祈りが行われる場所です。","The Jogu (Upper Shrine) is where most rituals and prayers take place at Usa Jingu."]
[7474,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","春日神社","かすがじんじゃ","Kasuga Jinja Shrine","春日神社は八幡神の御殿を守護しており、神功皇后をお助けになった神様を祀っています。","Kasuga Jinja Shrine protects the Hachiman sanctuary and enshrines a deity who provided assistance to Empress Jingu."]
[7479,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","西大門","さいだいもん","Saidaimon Gate","上宮の3つの御殿は国宝に指定されており、北辰神社、南中楼門、西大門は大分県指定有形文化財です。","The three main sanctuaries of the Jogu are designated National Treasures, and the Hokushin Shrine, the Minami Churomon Gate, and the Saidaimon Gate are designated Tangible Cultural Properties by Oita Prefecture."]
[7480,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","百段","ひゃくだん","Hyakudan","宇佐神宮境内の南側から上宮へと続く大きな石の階段は、百段と呼ばれています。","The large stone stairway that leads from the southern side of the Usa Jingu shrine grounds into the Jogu (Upper Shrine) is called the Hyakudan."]
[7486,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","小葉枝皇子","こばえのみこ","Kobae no Miko","若宮神社で祀られている五柱の神々は、大鷦鷯命、大葉枝皇子、小葉枝皇子、隼別皇子、雌鳥皇女です。","The five deities worshipped at Wakamiya Shrine are Osasagi no Mikoto, Obae no Miko, Kobae no Miko, Hayabusawake no Miko, and Metori no Himemiko."]
[7491,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","春宮神社","とうぐうじんじゃ","Togu Jinja Shrine","その一つが春宮神社で、八幡神として祀られている日本の伝説的な15代天皇である応神天皇の息子、莵道稚郎子命を祀る摂社です。","One of them is Togu Jinja, an auxiliary shrine dedicated to Uji no Wakinoiratsuko no Mikoto, a son of Emperor Ojin, the legendary 15th emperor of Japan who is deified as Hachiman."]
[7494,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","御霊水","ごれいすい","Goreisui spring","菱形池の南東の岸には、御霊水という神聖な泉があります。","On the southeast bank of the Hishigata Pond is the sacred Goreisui spring."]
[7498,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","絵馬堂","えまどう","Emado Hall","池の西岸にある絵馬堂は、宇佐神宮の伝説や歴史を描いた絵馬が展示されている建物です。","The Emado Hall on the west bank of the pond displays ema votive tablets depicting scenes from the legends and history of Usa Jingu."]
[7504,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大仏","だいぶつ","Great Buddha statue","749年、大仏を建設中だった東大寺を参拝するため、八幡神は宇佐から奈良（当時の都）に移されました。","In 749, the deity Hachiman was transferred from Usa to Nara (then the capital of Japan) for a pilgrimage to Todaiji Temple during construction of the Great Buddha statue."]
[7509,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","和気清麻呂","わけのきよまろ","Wake no Kiyomaro","この託宣を検証するために、称徳天皇（718–770）は、769年に和気清麻呂（733–799）という廷臣を宇佐に派遣しました。","To verify the statement, the reigning Empress Shotoku (718–770) dispatched a courtier named Wake no Kiyomaro (733–799) to Usa in 769."]
[7514,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","建造物等","白橋","しろはし","Shirohashi Bridge","同じ年に最初に建設されたもう1つの橋は、少し上流にあり、車で渡れる、飾り気の無いクリーム色の白橋です。","Another bridge originally built in the same year is the unadorned, cream-colored Shirohashi Bridge a short distance upstream that provides access for cars."]
[7518,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","人物・人名・役職名","多岐津姫命","たぎつひめのみこと","Tagitsuhime no Mikoto","神聖な山に立つ大元神社は、伝統的に海と関連付けられている比売大神という女神（多岐津姫命、市杵嶋姫命、多紀理姫命）を祀っています。","Omoto Jinja Shrine that stands on the sacred mountain is dedicated to the Hime Okami goddesses (Tagitsuhime no Mikoto, Ichikishimahime no Mikoto, and Tagirihime no Mikoto) who are traditionally associated with the sea."]
[7521,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","本殿","ほんでん","main sanctuary","ほとんどの神社には、正面に拝殿があり、その向こうに御祭神を祀る本殿がありますが、大元神社は拝殿のみで構成されており、山自体が本殿となっています。","Most shrines have a main sanctuary enshrining the deity with a prayer hall in front, but Omoto Shrine has only a prayer hall, while the mountain itself is the “sanctuary.”"]
[7526,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","大神神社","おおみわじんじゃ","Omiwa Jinja Shrine","大神比義は、当時の日本の首都だった奈良の近くにあった大神神社の神職の家に生まれたと言われています。","It is said that Oga no Higi was born into a family of Shinto priests at Omiwa Jinja Shrine near Nara, which was the capital of Japan at that time."]
[7532,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","弥勒寺","みろくじ","Mirokuji Temple","何世紀にもわたって、宇佐神宮境内の一部は弥勒寺という寺院によって占められていましたが、その跡地は呉橋と八坂神社の間に現在も見ることができます。","For many centuries, part of the Usa Jingu shrine grounds was occupied by a large Buddhist temple called Mirokuji, the remains of which can still be seen between the Kurehashi Bridge and Yasaka Jinja Shrine."]
[7533,"大分県","宇佐地区まちづくり協議会","史跡","弥勒寺跡","みろくじあと","Site of Mirokuji Temple","弥勒寺跡","Site of Mirokuji Temple"]
[7538,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）環境省北海道地方環境事務所","高原・湿原・原野","原生自然環境保全地域","げんせいしぜんかんきょうほぜんちいき","wilderness conservation areas","トドマツとエゾマツも、十勝川の源流の肥沃な火山性の土壌に育つ常緑樹です。ここは、日本で5か所しかない原生自然環境保全地域の1つです。","Sakhalin fir and Yezo spruce are among the evergreen trees that grow in the rich volcanic soil at the headwaters of the Tokachi River. The area is one of only five wilderness conservation areas in Japan. "]
[7541,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）環境省北海道地方環境事務所","動物","北鳴兎","キタナキウサギ","northern pika","涼しい岩に覆われた傾斜部では、氷河期からの生き残りで丸い耳を持つウサギ目の小型の哺乳類、キタナキウサギの甲高い鳥のような鳴き声が時折聞こえてきます。 ","On cool, rocky slopes, visitors can sometimes hear the shrill, bird-like cry of the northern pika, a small, round-eared mammal of the rabbit family that is a survivor of the Ice Age. "]
[7549,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","植物","カバノキ","かばのき"," fir","なだれ発生後、気温は現在より６、７度低かったため、トウヒ・モミ・カバノキからなる亜高山性の森林が定着しました。","After the avalanche, temperatures were 6 or 7 degrees cooler than today, and a subalpine forest of spruce, fir, and birch trees took hold. "]
[7551,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","植物","セイヨウトチノキ","せいようとちのき","Japanese horse chestnut trees","やや乾燥した場所に生育するブナが最も目立ちますが、水源に近い場所ではオニグルミやセイヨウトチノキが見られ、湿地ではヤチダモがよく見られます。","Although the beech trees growing in the slightly drier areas may be the most visible, Japanese wingnut and Japanese horse chestnut trees can be found closer to water sources, while Manchurian ash trees tend to grow in the wetlands."]
[7556,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","植物","ツキヨダケ","つきよだけ","Moonlight mushroom","ツキヨダケ (tsukiyotake; Omphalotus japonicus)","Moonlight mushroom (tsukiyotake; Omphalotus japonicus)"]
[7561,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","湖沼","長沼","ながぬま","Naganuma","長沼（ながぬま）：この沼の大きさは季節や降雨に応じて拡大縮小します。","Naganuma: The size of this swamp expands and contracts depending on the season and the rainfall."]
[7565,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園協議会","庭園・公園","蔦野鳥の森","つたやちょうのもり","Tsuta Bird Sanctuary","蔦野鳥の森へようこそ！","Welcome to the Tsuta Bird Sanctuary"]
[7568,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","海岸・岬","リアス式海岸","りあすしきかいがん","ria coast","また、展望台からは北の方角に広がる入り組んだリアス式海岸のパノラマの景色も望めます。","The observatory also offers a panoramic view of the rugged ria coast to the north."]
[7573,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","岩石・洞窟","穴通磯","あなとおしいそ","Anatoshi-iso Rock","船のルートは大浜と伝説の鬼が掘ったと言われる洞穴のそばを通過し、沖合にある3つの海食アーチを持つ珍しい形の岩、穴通磯へと続きます。","The boat route continues past Ohama Beach and a cave said to have been carved by a legendary ogre, before arriving at Anatoshi-iso Rock, an unusual formation of three sea arches in one offshore rock."]
[7579,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","植物","ツリガネニンジン","つりがねにんじん","Japanese lady bell (tsuriganeninjin)","ツリガネニンジン\n夏から秋にかけて、碁石海岸ではこの薄紫色あるいは白色の小さな釣鐘型の花が茎から下向きに垂れ下がって咲いているのが見られます。","Japanese lady bell (tsuriganeninjin; Adenophora triphylla var. japonica)\nFrom summer to autumn along the Goishi Coast, these small, bell-shaped flowers of light purple or white can be seen hanging downward on their stems. ","※「tsuriganeninjin」は日本名のため斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現とし\nて、英名「Japanese lady bell」を冒頭に記載。「Adenophora triphylla var. japonica」は学名。"]
[7584,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","植物","ヤマユリ","やまゆり","Goldband lily (yamayuri)","ヤマユリ\nこの夏に花を咲かせる植物は、碁石海岸でよく見られます。","Goldband lily (yamayuri; Lilium auratum Lindl.)\nThis summer-blooming plant is often seen along the Goishi Coast.","※「yamayuri」は日本名のため斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現とし\nて、英名「Goldband lily」を冒頭に記載。「Lilium auratum Lindl.」は学名。"]
[7589,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","自然現象","地殻変動","ちかくへんどう","tectonic plate movement ","碁石海岸を含む国立公園南部にあたる土地は、約4億年前の地殻変動によって北に運ばれてくる前は、赤道付近に位置していました。","The land that forms the southern section of the park, including the Goishi Coast, was located near the equator before tectonic plate movement carried it north around 400 million years ago."]
[7591,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","弁財天","べんざいてん","deity Benzaiten","岩の上には真っ赤な灯台と、地元の漁師たちが幸運と安全な航海のために祈りを捧げる神、弁財天を祀った神社があります。","Perched on the rocks are a bright red lighthouse and a shrine dedicated to the deity Benzaiten, to whom local fishermen pray for good fortune and safe sailing."]
[7596,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","その他","復興施策","ふっこうしさく","revitalization initiative","このハイキングコースは、2011年3月11日に沿岸の多くの地域に大きな被害をもたらした東日本大震災の発生後、環境省による復興施策の一環として設定されました。","This marked hiking trail was developed as a revitalization initiative by the Ministry of the Environment after the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami of March 11, 2011, ravaged many areas of the coast."]
[7598,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","その他","無形民俗文化財","むけいみんぞくぶんかざい"," Intangible Folk Cultural Property","市の無形民俗文化財に指定されています。","It has been designated an Intangible Folk Cultural Property by the city."]
[7603,"岩手県","（三陸復興国立公園）三陸復興国立公園碁石海岸地域協議会","植物","タブノキ","たぶのき","Japanese bay tree","島全域が密なタブノキの森に覆われています。","The entire island is covered with a dense forest of Japanese bay trees."]
[7608,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）浄土平集団施設地区運営協議会","岩石・洞窟","スコリア","すこりあ","scoria","吾妻小富士の傾斜は荒涼とした外観で、緩い土砂や小石、スコリア（火山岩）に包まれています。環境は植物に適していませんが、一部の丈夫な種は、この乾燥土でも生き延びることができます。","The slopes of Mt. Azuma-Kofuji appear desolate, covered mainly with loose sand, gravel, and scoria (volcanic rock). The conditions are not ideal for plant life, but some hardy species are able to survive in the dry soil. "]
[7612,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）浄土平集団施設地区運営協議会","植物","アズマホシクサ（Eriocaulon takae)","あずまほしくさ（Eriocaulon takae)","Azuma hoshikusa (Eriocaulon takae)","春・夏・秋には、鎌沼（1,760m）の野草に惹かれるように人々がやってきます。ここを訪れた際には、8月から9月にかけて花を咲かせる、珍しい原生のアズマホシクサ（Eriocaulon takae）を目にすることができます。","Wildflowers draw visitors to Kamanuma (1,760 m) in spring, summer, and fall. The rare native Azuma hoshikusa (Eriocaulon takae) flowers in August and September, each thin stem topped with a tiny star-like bud. "]
[7619,"新潟県・長野県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","山岳","噴石丘","ふんせききゅう","cinder cone","この段階では、カルデラの中心部から火山岩や火山灰が噴出し、噴石丘が形成された。","During this phase, volcanic rock and ash spewed from the center of the caldera, forming a cinder cone."]
[7620,"新潟県・長野県","（妙高戸隠連山国立公園）環境省信越自然環境事務所","岩石・洞窟","洞窟","どうくつ","grotto(s) ","ここは、かつて僧侶たちが隠遁生活を送りながら修行をした洞窟のひとつである。","This is one of many grottos where monks once lived in isolation and practiced Buddhist austerities. ","※単数形は「grotto」複数形は「grottos」"]
[7626,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","植物","梓の木","あずさのき","Japanese cherry birch","梓川の名は、弓の材料として珍重された梓の木に由来するという説があります。","The river is said to take its name from the azusa tree (Japanese cherry birch), which was prized for bow-making. "]
[7631,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","その他","フラッシュ撮影","ふらっしゅさつえい","flash photography","フラッシュ撮影は避けましょう。","Avoid flash photography."]
[7636,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","その他","花粉交配者","かふんこうはいしゃ","pollinators ","その花粉を求めて昆虫や他の花粉交配者が集まり繁栄し、その昆虫たちを求めて鳥が低地から飛来するのです。","Insects and other pollinators thrive on their pollen, and birds fly up from lower altitudes to feed on the insects."]
[7638,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","建造物等","乗鞍観測所","のりくらかんそくじょ","Norikura Observatory","1953年、この地に東京大学宇宙線観測所（現・乗鞍観測所）が建設されました。","In 1953, the Cosmic Ray Observatory of the University of Tokyo (now the Norikura Observatory) was built on the site. "]
[7643,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","カヤクグリ","かやくぐり","Japanese accentor ","他にも、ハイマツの中に隠れているシャイなカヤクグリや、その外見がそっくりで人間がいてもあまり気にしない社交的な、黄色いくちばしのイワヒバリも必見です。","Other species to seek out are the shy Japanese accentor (kayakuguri), which hides in the dwarf pines, and its lookalike, the yellow-billed alpine accentor (iwahibari), a gregarious bird that is little bothered by the presence of humans."]
[7650,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","ルリビタキ","るりびたき","red-flanked bluetail","鳥類では、コマドリ、ルリビタキ、アカゲラ、キビタキなどが見られます。","Among the many birds found here are the Japanese robin (komadori), red-flanked bluetail (ruribitaki), great spotted woodpecker (akagera), and narcissus flycatcher (kibitaki)."]
[7654,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","動物","県鳥","けんちょう","prefectural bird","ライチョウ（学名：Lagopus muta japonica）は、岐阜県と長野県の県鳥であり、日本アルプスの代表的な鳥です。","The Japanese rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta japonica) is the prefectural bird of Gifu and Nagano Prefectures and an iconic species of the Japanese Alps."]
[7655,"長野県・岐阜県","（中部山岳国立公園）中部山岳国立公園南部地域利用推進協議会","乗物","電動自転車","でんどうじてんしゃ","electric bike","乗鞍高原の施設では、マウンテンバイクをはじめとする電動自転車のレンタルやレッスン、ガイド付きのマウンテンバイクツアーも行われています。","A growing network of mountain bike trails enables off-road exploration as well. Facilities in Norikura Kōgen offer mountain bike and electric bike rentals, lessons, and guided tours of the highlands."]
[7660,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","メジロ","めじろ","Japanese white-eye (mejiro)","鳥の中でも、メジロはこの国立公園の定住者です。","Among the birds, the Japanese white-eye (mejiro) is a permanent park resident. ","※「mejiro」は斜体で表記。"]
[7666,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","テーマ施設等","そよ風テラス","そよかぜてらす","Soyokaze Terrace","そよ風テラスは、斜面をさらに登った標高168mの地点にあります。","Soyokaze Terrace is further up the slope at 168 meters elevation."]
[7669,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","庭園・公園","芝生広場","しばふひろば","Lawn Park","少し離れたところにある芝生広場は、家族連れのピクニックに人気の場所です。 ","Lawn Park, a short distance away, is a popular family picnic site."]
[7673,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","動物","ホトケドジョウ","ほとけどじょう","Japanese eight-barbel loach\n (hotoke-dojo)","また、横山地域の生態調査を実施し、ホトケドジョウやアカガエルといった生き物たちの生息数をモニタリングしています。","They also carry out ecological surveys in the Yokoyama area, tracking the population of animals like the Japanese eight-barbel loach (hotoke-dojo) and brown frog (aka-gaeru).","※「hotoke-dojo」は斜体で表記。"]
[7678,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","近畿自然歩道ルート","きんきしぜんほどうるーと","Kinki Nature Trail Route","近畿自然歩道ルートは、関西地方に3,258キロメートルにわたってのびている近畿自然歩道の一部です。","The Kinki Nature Trail Route is a small section of the 3,258-kilometer Kinki Nature Trail, which stretches across the Kansai region."]
[7683,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","遍路道","へんろみち","henromichi","最もポピュラーなのは、潟元駅近くから始まる舗装された遍路道で、屋島寺まで続いている。","The most popular path is the paved henromichi pilgrimage route, which begins near Katamoto Station and leads to Yashimaji Temple."]
[7689,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","郷土景観","獅子の霊巌","ししのれいがん","Shishi no Reigan","屋島山頂への最短ルートであるだけでなく、「獅子の霊巌」からの夕日を見ようとする人にとっても最適な選択肢となる。","The Yashima Skyway is the fastest way to reach the summit of Yashima, and is also the best option for visitors hoping to catch the sunset from the Shishi no Reigan lookout."]
[7690,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","社会","弥生時代中期","やよいじだいちゅうき","Middle Yayoi period","現在、香川県と呼ばれている地域は、近隣の地域とともに、弥生時代中期（紀元前100年〜100年）から塩の生産に携わってきた。","The region that is now Kagawa Prefecture, along with neighboring regions, has been producing salt since the Middle Yayoi period (100 BCE–100 CE)."]
[7698,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","博物館・美術館","屋島寺宝物館","やしまじほうもつかん","Yashimaji Temple Museum","屋島寺宝物館は、本堂のすぐそばにあり、寺の長い歴史の中で蓄積されてきたさまざまな重要な遺物や工芸品を展示している。","The Yashimaji Temple Museum, located beside the main hall (hondo), showcases relics and artifacts from the temple’s long history."]
[7701,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","かわらけ投げ","かわらけなげ","kawarake nage","ここでは「かわらけ投げ」と呼ばれる遊びに参加することができる。","Here, visitors can take part in a tradition called kawarake nage (clay dish throwing)."]
[7706,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","史跡","駒立岩","こまだていわ","Komadate Iwa","彼が矢を放った場所には、「駒立岩」がある。","The spot where he is said to have fired from is marked by the Komadate Iwa rock."]
[7707,"香川県","（瀬戸内海国立公園）屋島地域多言語解説検討協議会","山岳","五剣山","ごけんざん","Mt. Goken","高松市の牟礼町と庵治町の間に位置する五剣山。山名の由来は、その特徴的な山頂が、かつては5本の剣に見えたことによる。","Mt. Goken stands between the towns of Mure and Aji in Takamatsu. The mountain gets its name from its distinctive peaks, likened to “five swords” (goken).","※「五剣山」の名前の由来を説明する際に上記の例文が役に立つかもしれません。"]
[7713,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","建造物等","曲り家","まがりや","magariya","雫石地域の農家は、典型的な文字通り「曲り家」のスタイルでした。","Farmhouses in the Shizukuishi region were typically in the style of a magariya, which literally means “bent house.” ","※「magariya」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7716,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","レジャー・アクティビティ","ウォータージャンプ","うぉーたーじゃんぷ","water-jump slope","3つのウォータージャンプに加えて、スケートボードも設置されています。","In addition to the three water-jump slopes, the facility includes a skateboarding area. "]
[7724,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","建造物等","旅館","りょかん","ryokan inns","雫石町には温泉付きのキャンプ場が2つあり、ホテルや旅館よりもリーズナブルに利用できます。","There are two well-equipped campgrounds in the town, both of which include onsen (hot springs). They are an economical alternative to hotels and traditional ryokan inns for lodging in the area. ","※「ryokan」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7725,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","その他","あねっこ","あねっこ","anekko","施設名の由来となった「あねっこ」とは、地元の方言で「魅力的な若い女性」を意味する愛称です。","The word anekko, from which the facility takes its name, is used in local dialect to refer affectionately to a young woman.","※「anekko」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7731,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","食","かけそば","かけそば","kake soba","通常、2つの方法で提供されます。麺汁と一緒に冷やされて出されるもの（ざるそば）、またはさまざまなトッピングと共に熱くて透明なスープで提供されるもの (かけそば) です。","It is typically served in one of two ways: chilled on a tray along with a dipping sauce (zaru soba) or in a bowl of hot, clear broth with various toppings (kake soba).","※「kake」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7736,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","テーマ施設等","雫石農業トレーニングセンター","しずくいしのうぎょうとれーにんぐせんたー","the Shizukuishi Agricultural Training Center","今日、しずくいし麻の会では、雫石農業トレーニングセンターで地元住民や来場者を対象にデモンストレーションやワークショップを行っています。","Today the Shizukuishi Asa-no-Kai carries out demonstrations and workshops for locals and visitors at the Shizukuishi Agricultural Training Center. "]
[7741,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","庭園・公園","森の渓谷","もりのけいこく","Forest Valley","「森の渓谷」には、日本の四季を紹介するさまざまな花や植物があり、滝や小川があります。","“Forest Valley” features a variety of flowers and plants that represent each of Japan’s four seasons, and includes a waterfall and stream."]
[7745,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","滝","逢滝","おうたき","Outaki","逢滝は比較的小さいですが、鶯宿温泉郷の中にあり、これらの美しい滝を間近に見ることができます。","Outaki is smaller than Torigoe, but visitors can get very close to this series of pretty cascades, which is located in the Oushuku Onsen village."]
[7748,"岩手県","雫石町観光戦略推進会議","テーマ施設等","道の駅","みちのえき","michi-no-eki","道の駅は飲食店やテイクアウト、お土産店や清潔なトイレ等、旅行者に便利なサービスを提供します。","Japan’s roadside stations, or michi-no-eki, serve as convenient centers for travelers, offering services such as restaurants and takeout food, tourist information, gift items, and clean restrooms. ","※「michi-no-eki」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「Japan’s roadside station」も使用することも可能。"]
[7755,"秋田県","秋田県横手市","その他","沖積土","ちゅうせきど","alluvial soil","また、丘陵地の沖積土が雪解け水を排出するため、木の根が腐らずに乾燥した状態を保つことができる。","The alluvial soil of the hills allows rain and snowmelt to drain, keeping the trees’ roots dry and safe from rot."]
[7759,"秋田県","秋田県横手市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","城代","じょうだい","castle keeper","代わりに、近くの久保田（現在の秋田市）に住み、横手城は城の番人（城代）を務めた身分の高い家臣の管理下に置いた。","Instead, they lived in nearby Kubota (now the city of Akita) and put Yokote Castle under the control of a high-ranking vassal, who acted as the castle keeper (jōdai)."]
[7760,"秋田県","秋田県横手市","植物","韮","にら","nira","この土塁が崩れないようにニラを植えて構造を整えていた。","To keep the embankments from collapsing, defenders planted nira (a vegetable similar to chives) to provide structure."]
[7764,"秋田県","秋田県横手市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ぼんでん","ぼんでん"," decorated staves","最終日には「ぼんでん」と呼ばれる特別な装飾が施された竿が、1年の安全と繁栄を祈願して、市内を3.5kmにわたって旭岡山神社までかつぎ運ばれ奉納される。","On the last day of the festival, specially decorated staves  called bonden are carried 3.5 kilometers through the city to Asahiokayama-jinja Shrine as an offering for a safe and prosperous year.","※複数形「decorated staves」、単数形「decorated staff」"]
[7771,"秋田県","秋田県横手市","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","幣束","へいそく","wooden wands that are used in Shinto rituals","史料によると、神道の儀式に使われる「幣束（へいそく）」と呼ばれる宗教的な道具である。","According to historical documents, bonden originated as religious objects called heisoku, wooden wands that are used in Shinto rituals."]
[7776,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","焼き掘り","やきぼり","yakibori","鉱夫たちは「焼き掘り」（文字通り焼いて掘る）と呼ばれる革新的な技法を活用して、作業効率を高めました。","Miners used an innovative technique called yakibori (literally “burn digging”) to speed up the work."]
[7778,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","スノーランド","すのーらんど","Snowland","冬の「スノーランド」の時期は、雪が積もった湖畔をそりで滑ったり、スノーモービルに乗ったりするなど、季節のアウトドアアクティビティを楽しむことができます。","In winter during the Snowland event, visitors can go sledding, ride snowmobiles, and enjoy other seasonal outdoor activities on the lake’s snowy shores."]
[7783,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","滝の不動尊","たきのふどうそん","Taki no Fudosan","滝の不動尊という、白銀の滝の守り神をまつった小さな神社があります。","A small shrine, Taki no Fudoson, is dedicated to the guardian deity of Shirogane Falls."]
[7788,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術品","上の畑焼き","かみのはたやき","Kaminohata ware","上の畑焼は、1833年に尾花沢で窯が開かれたとされるものですが、長くは作られませんでした。","Kaminohata ware developed in Obanazawa in 1833 but was short-lived. "]
[7792,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","鈴木清風","スズキせいふう","Suzuki Seifu","旅の途中で2人は尾花沢に立ち寄り、芭蕉の友人で清風の名で知られる裕福な商人・鈴木清風 (1651～1721年) を訪れました。","Along the way, they stopped in Obanazawa to visit Basho’s friend, the wealthy merchant Suzuki Seifu (1651–1721), who is commonly known by his given name."]
[7795,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","花笠マラソン","はながさマラソン","Hanagasa Marathon","このお祭りの見どころには、他にゲーム、地元特産の食べ物を売る屋台、そして「花笠マラソン」などがあります。このマラソンでは、全国から集まった走者たちが、徳良湖を周回して競います。","Other festival highlights include carnival games, food stalls selling local specialties, and the Hanagasa Marathon, which sees runners from throughout the country race around the lake."]
[7802,"山形県","山形県銀山温泉等多言語解説整備推進協議会","テーマ施設等","グラススタジオ旭","グラススタジオあさひ","Glass Studio Asahi","グラススタジオ旭は、ギャラリーでも販売店でもあります。高く評価されていた地元のガラス作家である壹谷旭 (1937～2003年) が、1993年、徳良湖畔に開設しました。","Part gallery, part shop, Glass Studio Asahi was opened on the shores of Lake Tokura in 1993 by acclaimed local glass artist Ichiya Akira (1937–2003)."]
[7806,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","峯の浦","みねのうら","Mine no Ura","1千年以上にわたり、僧侶や苦行者が、峯の浦として知られる山寺の先で瞑想し、修行をしてきました。","Buddhist monks and mountain ascetics meditated and trained in the area known as Mine no Ura for more than a thousand years."]
[7811,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","華蔵院","けぞういん","Kezoin","華蔵院は、慈悲の仏である観音を含む、複数の神々を祀っています。","Several deities are enshrined at Kezoin, including Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion."]
[7816,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","夜行念仏","やこうねんぶつ","yako nenbutsu","夜行念仏（夜間の遍路）では、石灯籠の柔らかな灯りに照らされた信者達が、リズミカルに詠唱しながら山寺の内宮へと向かいます。","Worshippers chant rhythmically, illuminated by the soft glow of stone lanterns as they make their way to the inner sanctuary of Yamadera during the yako nenbutsu nighttime pilgrimage. "]
[7818,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","奪衣婆\n姥堂","だつえば\nうばどう","Datsueba\nUbado Hall","姥堂には、生前の世界と死後の世界を隔てる三途の川の河原で死人の服をはぎ取る怖い老婆・奪衣婆の色鮮やかな像が納められています。","A path lined with stone lanterns winds past statues and through towering trees to the Ubado Hall, a symbolic gateway between heaven above and the underworld below. It houses a striking statue of Datsueba, a fearsome old woman who strips the dead of their clothes before they cross the Sanzu River, which separates the world of the living from the realm of the dead. "]
[7823,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","後生車","ごしょうぐるま","gosho-guruma","阿弥陀如来の姿の岩肌にはいくつもの位牌が刻まれており、後生車と呼ばれる木製の位牌が岩肌の下に立てかけられています。","Mortuary tablets are carved into the rock beneath the image, and wooden funerary objects called gosho-guruma lean against the base of the rock face."]
[7825,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","胎内くぐり","たいないくぐり","Tainai-kuguri","僧侶は、岩の割れ目に架けられた古びた水平な木製の梯子を渡り、胎内くぐりと呼ばれる狭い石の洞窟を這って、この堂まで行きます。","Priests would reach the building by crossing a crevasse spanned by a worn, horizontal wooden ladder, and then crawling through a narrow stone grotto called the Tainai-kuguri."]
[7830,"山形県","山寺観光資源等多言語化・インバウンド推進協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","法華経","ほけきょう","Lotus Sutra","山寺で修行する僧侶たちは法華経を写経しなければなりません。これは時間のかかる作業で、完了までに4年間かかることもあります。","Monks in training at Yamadera must copy the Lotus Sutra in a time-consuming process that can take up to four years to complete."]
[7835,"福島県","下郷町","集落・街","宿場町","しゅくばまち","post-station town (shukuba-machi) ","茅葺き屋根の伝統的な家屋やお店が立ち並ぶ大内宿では、江戸時代（1603〜1867）の本格的な日本の古い宿場町の町並みを体験できます。","The traditional thatched-roof houses and shops lining the main street of Ouchi-juku preserve the ambience of a post-station town (shukuba-machi) of the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[7841,"福島県","下郷町","建造物等","本陣","ほんじん","honjin","伝統的な茅葺き屋根に加えて、本陣は、熱、光、そして食事の準備のための手段を提供したであろう、囲炉裡（いろり）を備えています。","Along with a traditional thatched roof, the honjin features a large sunken hearth (irori). A kettle or pot for cooking could be suspended on a hook over the fire laid in the square stone-lined pit set into the floor.","※「honjin」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\nhonjinが一般的な表記。"]
[7846,"福島県","下郷町","人物・人名・役職名","後白河天皇","ごしらかわてんのう","Emperor Go-Shirakawa ","高倉神社は、毎年7月2日に真夏の祭りを祝い、後白河天皇（1127–1192）の息子である以仁王（1151–1180）を称えます。","Takakura Shrine celebrates its Midsummer Festival annually on July 2 to honor Prince Mochihito (1151–1180), a son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa (1127–1192), who is enshrined there. "]
[7849,"福島県","下郷町","温泉","湯野上温泉","ゆのかみおんせん","Yunokami Onsen","湯野上温泉駅は、伝統的な茅葺き屋根で、交通の要衝であり、公民館でもあります。","Yunokami Onsen Station has a traditional-style thatched roof and is half transportation hub and half community center."]
[7853,"福島県","下郷町","植物","水芭蕉","みずばしょう","mizubasho (Asian skunk cabbage)","冬の最後の雪が解けた後、水芭蕉が芽を出し始めます。","After the last winter snow melts away, the white trumpet-shaped flowers of mizubasho (Asian skunk cabbage) herald the coming of spring. ","※「mizubasho」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[7858,"福島県","下郷町","食","じゅうねん","じゅうねん","junen (lit., ten years)","この料理には、下郷でじゅうねんと呼ばれるシソの実が入った独特の味噌が使われています。","The dish uses a distinct type of local miso which is mixed with the crushed seeds of egoma sesame, known in Shimogo as junen (lit., ten years).","※「junen」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。\n()内で意味を説明。"]
[7863,"福島県","下郷町","集落・街","桑取火地区","かわどりひちく","The Kuwadorihi district ","下郷周辺の山々にある桑取火地区は、春に咲くカタクリの花で知られています。明るい紫色の花のカーペットは、約2ヘクタールにわたって広がっています。","The Kuwadorihi district in the mountains around Shimogo is known for the katakuri (Asian fawnlily) that bloom there in the spring. Clusters of the bright purple flowers form a carpet over an area of about two hectares."]
[7865,"福島県","下郷町","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","会津三十三観音","あいずさんじゅうさんかんのん","Aizu 33 Kannon Pilgrimage","会津三十三観音巡礼の10番目の場所で、小野岳山道の入り口近くにあります。観音（観音堂）は1813年に建てられましたが、中にある日本の慈悲の菩薩である観音像はかなり古いものです。","This is the 10th location on the Aizu 33 Kannon Pilgrimage and is located near the entrance to the trail to the summit of Mt. Onodake."]
[7870,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","その他","高く評価されています","たかくひょうかされています","prized","ケヤキは、その耐久性や柔軟性、綺麗な木目から、職人の間で高く評価されています。","Zelkova wood is prized among craftsmen for its durability, flexibility, and attractive grain."]
[7877,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","その他","事前予約","じぜんよやく","advance reservations","事前予約により無料で見学を受け付けています。","The brewery offers free tours with advance reservations. "]
[7881,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","工芸・美術品","日本画","にほんが","Nihonga","川合玉堂は、伝統的な日本画の技術を駆使し、現代的なアプローチで題材を描いた日本画の巨匠でした。","Gyokudo was a master of the Nihonga style, using traditional Japanese painting techniques with a modern approach to themes and subject matter."]
[7882,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","その他","初心者","しょしんしゃ","novice","こちらは、初心者や家族連れに人気のエリアです。","These are popular with novice fishers and families."]
[7888,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","年中行事","即位式","そくいしき","enthronement ceremony","常設展示には、1915年の大正天皇即位式に梨本宮（1874～1951年）と伊都子妃（1879～1977年）が着用した皇室衣装や装飾品が展示されています。","The permanent exhibition displays the kimono and accessories worn by Prince Nashimoto (1874–1951) and Princess Itsuko (1879–1977) for the enthronement ceremony of the Taisho Emperor in 1915. "]
[7893,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","養蚕農家","ようさんのうか","silk producer","吉川は1944年に、裕福な養蚕農家からこの家を購入しました。","He purchased the property in 1944 from a wealthy silk producer."]
[7896,"東京都","（秩父多摩甲斐国立公園）青梅市国立公園誘客促進協議会","その他","多様","たよう","diverse","御岳山は、には、春の桜や夏のレンゲショウマなど、多様な動植物が存在します。","Mt. Mitake is home to a diverse range of plant and animal life, including cherry blossoms in spring and renge shoma (false anemone) flowers in summer. "]
[7900,"東京都","東京都中央卸売市場・豊洲市場協会","食","青果市場","せいかしじょう","Fruit and Vegetable Market","豊洲の青果市場では、キャベツやニンジンなどの日常的な野菜から松茸などの高級食材まで、さまざまなものが取引されている。","The items traded at the Toyosu Fruit and Vegetable Market range from everyday greens such as cabbage and carrots to expensive ingredients such as matsutake mushrooms."]
[7905,"東京都","東京都中央卸売市場・豊洲市場協会","食","鰹節","かつおぶし","katsuobushi","ある店では出汁をとるための各種昆布を取り揃えていたり、他の店では鰹節や味噌だけを扱っていたりする。","Some stores offer a selection of various kinds of kombu (dried kelp) used for making dashi broth, while others deal in katsuobushi (dried, fermented, and smoked skipjack tuna) or miso paste."]
[7910,"東京都","東京都中央卸売市場・豊洲市場協会","食","ハマチ（魬）・ブリ（鰤）","はまち・ぶり","amberjack","例えば、夏には穴子やスルメイカが人気を集め、冬にはハマチ・ブリやホタテの需要が最も高くなる。","For example, saltwater eel (anago) and flying squid (surumeika) are popular in summer, whereas in winter, demand for amberjack (hamachi or buri) and scallops reaches its highest point. "]
[7916,"新潟県","小千谷市","自然現象","遺伝子変異","いでんしへんい","genetic mutation","展示では、鯉の歴史や、真鯉から色鮮やかな錦鯉の登場に至るまでの遺伝子変異について述べられています。多言語のパネルや写真は、鯉の飼育方法を描き、日本文化における鯉の重要性を説明しています。","Displays depict the history of koi and the genetic mutation that led to the emergence of these colorful varieties from black carp. Multilingual panels and photos illustrate how the koi are raised, and explain their significance in Japanese culture. "]
[7920,"新潟県","小千谷市","その他","雪国","ゆきぐに","snow country","小千谷市がある新潟県越後地方は、その降雪量の多さと厳しい冬から、「雪国」と呼ばれます。","Niigata Prefecture’s Echigo region, where Ojiya is located, is called “snow country” for its heavy snowfall and extreme winters. "]
[7923,"新潟県","小千谷市","芸能・興行・イベント","四尺玉花火","よんしゃくだまはなび","Yonshakudama firework","片貝まつりのハイライトは、巨大な四尺玉花火です。これは世界でも最大級の花火であり、直径は約800メートルあります。片貝まつりでは、合計約15,000発のまばゆい花火が打ち上げられます。","The highlight of the show is the enormous Yonshakudama firework. It is one of the largest in the world, measuring approximately 800 meters across. A total of around 15,000 dazzling fireworks are launched during the festival. "]
[7928,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","建造物等","土間","どま","earthen-floored area","一般的な合掌造りの建物は、家畜を飼っていた土間に通じる正面玄関が1つだけある。","A typical building of this kind has only one front entrance that leads into an earthen-floored area where farm animals were kept."]
[7934,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","動物","獅子","しし","guardian lion (shishi)","祭壇の扉の上には金色の欄間があり、獅子や天使のような「天女」、縁起の良い花や植物の彫刻が施されている。","Above the altar doors runs the gilded openwork of a ranma transom decorated with carvings of guardian lions (shishi), angel-like celestials called tennyo, and auspicious flowers and plants.  "]
[7935,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","天女","てんにょ","tennyo","祭壇の扉の上には金色の欄間があり、獅子や天使のような「天女」、縁起の良い花や植物の彫刻が施されている。","Above the altar doors runs the gilded openwork of a ranma transom decorated with carvings of guardian lions (shishi), angel-like celestials called tennyo, and auspicious flowers and plants.  "]
[7940,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","修行道場","しゅぎょうどうじょう","training hall (dojo)","近隣の有力者である山下氏の協力を得て、親鸞の教えを広めるための拠点となる修行道場を設立した。","With the help of the influential Yamashita family, who lived nearby, he established a training hall (dojo) as a base for spreading Shinran’s teachings."]
[7943,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","依代","よりしろ","yorishiro","拝殿の正面にある岩は「依代（よりしろ）」と呼ばれるもので、神様を呼び寄せ、神事の際、その魂が宿る場所として機能していた。","The rock formation directly in front of the worship hall functioned as a yorishiro, or an object capable of attracting a deity and providing its spirit a place to occupy during religious ceremonies."]
[7951,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","植物","エノキ（榎）","えのき","Japanese hackberry","飯島八幡神社にある樹齢500年以上といわれるエノキ（Celtis sinensis）は、古くから地元では神聖な木とされてきた。","The majestic Japanese hackberry (enoki; Celtis sinensis) tree at Iijima Hachiman Shrine is thought to be more than 500 years old and has long been considered sacred in the local community."]
[7952,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","社叢","しゃそう","shrine grove","杉を主体とした白川八幡神社の社叢は、神の領域と考えられており、それ自体が信仰の対象となっている。","The trees are part of the Shirakawa Hachiman shrine grove, which is thought to be the domain of the divine and is in itself an object of worship."]
[7958,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","植物","シダレザクラ（枝垂れ桜）","しだれざくら","weeping cherry","常徳寺の墓地にそびえ立つ2本のシダレザクラは樹齢250〜300年と推定される。","The twin weeping cherry trees that tower over the cemetery at Jotokuji Temple are between 250 and 300 years old."]
[7963,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","社会","一向一揆","いっこういっき","Ikko-ikki","大名支配に反対し、宗教的・政治的自立を目指す浄土真宗の運動である一向一揆で指導的な役割を果たした仏師・慶心坊。","Kyoshinbo was a leader in the Ikko-ikki uprisings, a Jodo Shinshu (True Pure Land) Buddhist movement that opposed the rule of local daimyo lords and pursued religious as well as political autonomy."]
[7967,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","食","山菜","さんさい","wild plants","シンガイ日には、夫婦と子供が一緒に過ごしたり、指定された小さな畑を耕したり、山で木の実や山菜を採ったりする。","On shingai days, the husband, wife, and their children could spend time together, work a small field designated for them, or pick berries and wild plants in the mountains."]
[7970,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","建造物等","吹き付けタイル","ふきつけたいる","spray-glazed tile(s)","この円錐形は、底部の手で鋳造されたタイルから、上部の機械で作られた吹き付けタイルまで、タイル製造技術の進化を示していて、目を引くものである。","The arrangement of the eye-catching cone depicts the evolution of tile-making techniques, from the hand-cast tiles at its base to the machine-made, spray-glazed tiles at its top."]
[7975,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","建造物等","天窓","てんまど","oculus","階段を上がるにつれて通路は狭くなり、強制的に遠近感が生まれ、最後は4階の天窓から降り注ぐ光が爆発するかのようである。","The passage gradually narrows to create a forced sense of perspective, then ends in an explosion of light from the oculus on the fourth floor.","※窓の枠が四角い場合は「Skylight」という英語が使われます。"]
[7981,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","その他","蓋つきの覗き穴","ふたつきののぞきあな","stoppered peepholes ","もう一つの重要な技術的変化は、陶工が焼成の進捗状況を確認できるように、蓋付きの覗き穴を設けたことだ。","Another important technological change was the addition of stoppered peepholes, which allowed potters to check on the progress of the firing.","※「色見穴」という日本語にも当てはまります。"]
[7986,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","その他","燃焼室","ねんしょうしつ","firing chamber","大窯のように焼成室が1つの場合は、数日かけて窯を冷やしてから作品を取り出す必要がある。","A kiln with a single firing chamber, such as an ōgama, must be left to cool for several days before the pieces can be removed."]
[7987,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","その他","配色","はいしょく","color schemes","対照的に、織部では、形や配色に非対称性が見られる。","In contrast, Oribe ware embraced asymmetrical shapes and imbalanced color schemes."]
[7991,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","食","合","ごう","gō","当時、日本酒は「合」という単位で量り売りされていた。","At the time, sake was sold by volume in units called gō, equivalent to about 180 milliliters."]
[7998,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","工芸・美術品","白磁","はくじ","hakuji ","特に白磁に長石や生石灰などの融剤を混ぜた透明な木灰釉をかけた「白磁」に関心があった。","Tsukamoto was particularly interested in hakuji, white porcelain covered in a transparent wood-ash glaze mixed with feldspar, quicklime, or other fluxes."]
[8000,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","工芸・美術品","ろくろ","ろくろ","potter’s wheel ","また、加藤は電気ろくろよりも、電気を使わないろくろを愛用している。","Katō also favors a nonelectric potter’s wheel  over an electric one."]
[8005,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","工芸・美術品","金襴手","きんらんで","kinrande  ","五代加藤幸兵衛(1893-1982)は、青磁や金襴手など、中国の様式を取り入れた作品を制作した。","Kōbei Katō V (1893–1982) expanded production into other Chinese styles, including celadon and kinrande (gold-leaf overglaze). "]
[8010,"岐阜県","多治見市多言語整備協議会","その他","急速な工業化","きゅうそく・な・こうぎょうか"," rapid industrialization  ","1867年に徳川幕府の長い鎖国時代が終わり、急速な工業化、西洋化、国際貿易の時代が到来した。","The country’s long period of self-isolation under the Tokugawa shogunate ended in 1867, ushering in a period of rapid industrialization and Westernization as well as international trade."]
[8014,"岐阜県","高山市","書物","書物","しょもつ","personal writings","館内には金森家の殿様が身に着けていた鎧や書物の見本などが展示されている。","The museum’s collection includes armor worn by the Kanamori lords and samples of their personal writings."]
[8021,"岐阜県","高山市","建造物等","土路もしくは土間","どじもしくはどま","earthen-floored passage (doji or doma)","また、店先と奥の居室をつなぐ土路もしくは土間と呼ばれる廊下が設けられていた。","A narrow, earthen-floored passage (doji or doma)  connects the storefront to the living quarters at the back."]
[8022,"岐阜県","高山市","建造物等","板葺","いたぶき","wooden shingles","高山の町家は、京都や江戸の町家と違って瓦屋根がほとんどなく、ほとんどが板葺と呼ばれる木製の板で覆われていたが、現在は鉄板で覆われている。","Unlike the town houses of Kyoto and Edo, Takayama machiya rarely had tile roofs, and most were instead clad with wooden shingles."]
[8029,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","集落・街","松平郷","まつだいらごう","village of Matsudaira (Matsudaira-go)","豊田市の南東に位置する山間の集落「松平郷」は、日本の歴史上最も影響力のある武家の一つである松平家の発祥の地である。","The village of Matsudaira (Matsudaira-go) in the mountains southeast of central Toyota is the ancestral home of the Matsudaira, one of the most influential samurai families in Japanese history. "]
[8033,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","植物","萩","はぎ","bush clover (hagi)","3～4月には桜、初夏には花菖蒲や紫陽花、秋には萩が咲く。","There are cherry blossoms in March and April, iris and hydrangea in early summer, and bush clover (hagi) in autumn."]
[8038,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","その他","宗家","そうけ","main line of the family","松平家の祖である親氏（伝1394年没）の時代から松平宗家はここに居を構えていたと考えられている。","The main line of the family is thought to have resided there from the days of Chikauji (d. 1394?), founder of the family, until the fifteenth century. "]
[8043,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","人物・人名・役職名","弁財天","べんざいてん","Benzaiten","小さい方の祠には弁財天が祀られており、弁財天は知識、美、芸術の神であり、水にも関係している。","The smaller shrine is dedicated to Benzaiten, the deity of knowledge, beauty, and the arts, who is also associated with water."]
[8045,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","人物・人名・役職名","旗本","はたもと","hatamoto","徳川幕府が日本を支配していた江戸時代（1603-1867）には、太郎左衛門家は「旗本」という高い地位にあった。","During the Edo period (1603–1867), when the Tokugawa shogunate controlled Japan, the Tarozaemon family held the high rank of hatamoto."]
[8048,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","芸能・興行・イベント","玉競り","たませり ","tamaseri","ここで、祭りのハイライトである「玉競り」が行われる。","This is where the tamaseri, the highlight of the festival, takes place. "]
[8056,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","ミクマリ / 水分神","みくまり","Mikumari","彼の故郷である吉野（現在の奈良県）に水の女神であるミクマリが祀られていたが、この神様を祀った神社を川のそばに建てたとされる。","He built a shrine to Mikumari, the goddess of water, because this deity was worshiped at his home in Yoshino (present-day Nara Prefecture) and because his new shrine stood next to a river."]
[8057,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","神社・寺院・教会・神仏","子守大明神","こもりだいみょうじん","Komori","日本中、ミクマリと一緒に子供の守護神である子守大明神が祀られるようになったのは、名前の響きが似ているからかもしれない。","Throughout Japan, veneration of Mikumari was often complemented by worship of Komori, the guardian of children, perhaps because the two names sound somewhat similar."]
[8062,"愛知県","一般社団法人ツーリズムとよた","人物・人名・役職名","千手観音","せんじゅかんのん","Senju Kannon","この観音堂は、10世紀後半に彫られたとされる千手観音像を安置するために、16世紀に建てられたものである。","The hall was built in the sixteenth century to house a statue of Senju Kannon, the thousand-armed bodhisattva of compassion, thought to have been carved in the late tenth century."]
[8068,"高知県","一般社団法人幡多広域観光協議会","自然現象","生態系","せいたいけい","ecosystem","四万十川の天然水は、藻類やプランクトンから魚そして鳥まで、多様な生態系を支えています。","The pristine water of the Shimanto River supports a diverse ecosystem, from algae and plankton to fish and birds."]
[8073,"高知県","一般社団法人幡多広域観光協議会","動物","淡水生物","たんすいせいぶつ","freshwater biodiversity","この公園を訪れる人は、環境変化の自然の監視役としてのトンボの重要性と、淡水生物の多様性を維持するうえでトンボが果たし得る役割を理解できます。","Visitors to the park can see the importance of dragonflies as natural sentinels of environmental change and the role they can play in maintaining freshwater biodiversity."]
[8076,"高知県","一般社団法人幡多広域観光協議会","乗物","舟母船","せんばせん","senbasen","きちんとした道路が建設される以前は、舟母船と呼ばれる、高い長方形の帆を付けた小型の船が、四万十川沿いでの商品輸送の主な手段でした。","Before reliable roads were constructed, small boats with tall, rectangular sails called senbasen were the main means of transporting goods along the river. "]
[8080,"高知県","一般社団法人幡多広域観光協議会","その他","タッチスクリーン","たっちすくりーん","touch screen","中国の絹製品や武具や刀などの展示品の説明が、タッチスクリーン上に英語で表示されています。","Touch-screen explanations in English explain artifacts on display, which include Chinese silk and armor and swords. ","※名詞では「touch screen」ですが、形容詞としては「touch-screen explanations」のように、ハイフンで繋げます。"]
[8085,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","植物","トドマツ","とどまつ","Sakhalin fir","トドマツは、半島に生えている主な針葉樹です。","Sakhalin fir is the main conifer species on the peninsula. "]
[8090,"北海道","（阿寒摩周国立公園）阿寒摩周国立公園満喫プロジェクト地域協議会","その他","ライフライン","らいふらいん","lifeline","この災害を受けて、美幌峠へと続く道の完成が優先され、1920年末には道路が開通し、この辺りの人々にとって新たな重要ライフラインとなりました。","In response to this disaster, completing the road over Bihoro Pass was made a priority, and by the end of 1920 the road opened, providing a significant new lifeline to the region."]
[8092,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）とかち鹿追ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","大陸プレート","たいりくぷれーと","continental plate","十勝平野の形成は、約1,300万年前に二つの大陸プレートが衝突したことから始まりました。","The formation of the Tokachi Plain began with the collision of two continental plates around 13 million years ago. "]
[8100,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）とかち鹿追ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","火砕流","かさいりゅう","pyroclastic flow","この噴火は、多くの火砕流を生みました。","The eruption produced multiple pyroclastic flows. "]
[8103,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）とかち鹿追ジオパーク推進協議会","自然現象","地形","ちけい","Landform","地形は、長い年月をかけて形成されるもので、中には何億年もかけてできたものもあります。","Landforms develop over long periods of time, sometimes hundreds of millions of years."]
[8108,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）とかち鹿追ジオパーク推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","マントル","まんとる","mantle","マントル内の溶融により、マグマが生じます。","Melting within the mantle produces magma."]
[8109,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）とかち鹿追ジオパーク推進協議会","自然現象","流出性噴火","りゅうしゅつせいふんか","effusive eruption","溶岩ドームは、通常、流出性噴火を通して、一定の速度で地面へと溶岩を噴出します。","Lava domes typically emit lava steadily onto the ground through effusive eruptions."]
[8115,"北海道","（大雪山国立公園）とかち鹿追ジオパーク推進協議会","自然現象","陸橋","りっきょう","land bridge","多くの動植物同様、ヒトもまた、最終氷河期（115,000-11,700年前）にランドブリッジ（陸橋）を通ってユーラシア大陸から非常に活発でした。","As with many animal and plant species, humans likely migrated to Hokkaido from the Eurasian continent via land bridges during the last ice age (c. 115,000–11,700 BP)."]
[8120,"秋田県","（十和田八幡国立公園）小坂町","湖沼","十和田湖","とわだこ","Lake Towada","稚魚の放流から長い2年を経て、ヒメマスの大群が産卵のために十和田湖に帰ってきました。","Two long years had passed since Wainai released the fry into Lake Towada, and now the kokanee were returning to the lake in large numbers to spawn."]
[8123,"秋田県","（十和田八幡国立公園）小坂町","その他","日本新八景","にほんしんはっけい","“Eight New Views” of Japan","1927年、十和田湖は鉄道省と全国紙2社の共催で選定された「日本新八景」のひとつに数えられました。","In 1927, Lake Towada was nominated as one of the “Eight New Views” of Japan in a competition organized jointly by the Railway Ministry and two national newspapers."]
[8127,"秋田県","（十和田八幡国立公園）小坂町","その他","発眼卵","はつがんらん","eyed-egg","「発眼」段階に達した卵はふ化盆に移されます。","When the eggs reach the “eyed-egg” stage, they are poured into incubator trays."]
[8133,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","集落・街","会津若松","あいづわかまつ","Aizu-Wakamatsu","武士の精神の例は今でも会津若松に見られ、住民はその文化的な伝統を非常に誇りに思っています。","Historical sites that bear witness to the samurai spirit can still be found in Aizu-Wakamatsu, and residents are very proud of their cultural heritage."]
[8138,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","日新館","にっしんかん","Nisshinkan","1803年に設立された学校「日新館」は、会津藩士の子息の訓練制度において中心的な役割を担いました。","The Nisshinkan, a school established in 1803, was the centerpiece of the training system for sons of samurai of the Aizu domain."]
[8143,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","建造物等","亀石","かめいし","kameishi","それぞれの柱は、神通力があり墓を守っているとされた、「亀石」と呼ばれる亀の形の石の後ろにあります。","Each pillar sits on the back of a turtle-shaped stone called a kameishi, which was thought to have divine powers and guards the tomb."]
[8147,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","工芸・美術","赤べこ","あかべこ","Akabeko","赤べことは、赤い小さな牛の人形です。","Akabeko are small red figurines of cows or oxen."]
[8150,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","乗物","北前船","きたまえぶね","kitamae-bune ships","江戸時代には北前船で阿賀野川沿いに会津に運ばれていました。","It was brought to Aizu along the Agano River via the kitamae-bune ships plying a major shipping route in the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[8155,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","集落・街","大内宿","おおうちじゅく","Ouchi-juku","宿場町の大内宿や塔のへつり川渓谷など、会津若松に隣接するエリアの観光にも好立地です。","The village is also ideally located for visiting attractions in areas adjacent to Aizu-Wakamatsu, such as the traditional post-station town of Ouchi-juku and the To-no-Hetsuri river gorge."]
[8161,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","植物","漆","うるし","urushi","蘆名盛信（1408-1451）は漆器産業を支えるために漆の木の栽培を奨励しました。","Ashina Morinobu (1408–1451) promoted cultivation of urushi trees to support the region’s lacquerware industry. "]
[8162,"福島県","会津若松市食と農の景勝地推進協議会","建造物等","武家屋敷","ぶけやしき","samurai residence","その主な特徴は、会津藩の家老である西郷頼母（1830-1903）の家を復元した武家屋敷です。","Its main feature is a carefully reconstructed samurai residence (bukeyashiki) based on the home of Saigo Tanomo (1830–1903), chief advisor to the Aizu clan."]
[8167,"神奈川県","藤野里山交流協議会","食","山菜","さんさい","sansai","麺は、地元産のしいたけと山菜を使ったスープで提供されます。","The noodles are served in a broth with shiitake mushrooms and sansai (edible mountain vegetables) grown in the area."]
[8170,"神奈川県","藤野里山交流協議会","郷土景観","囲炉裏","いろり","sunken hearth","板張りの床と太い木の梁で構成され、中央の部屋には昔ながらの囲炉裏があります。","It was constructed with wooden floors and thick wooden beams and features an old-style sunken hearth (irori) in its central room."]
[8178,"神奈川県","藤野里山交流協議会","郷土景観","藍染め","あいぞめ","indigo-dyeing","陶芸、木工、ガラス工芸、天然藍染めなどのワークショップも開催しています。","Visitors can take part in workshops on pottery, woodworking, glassmaking, and natural indigo-dyeing."]
[8180,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","その他","通気孔","つうきこう","vent hole","蓋の裏側には、香を焚いた煙で変色した通気孔の周辺が見られる。","On the underside of the lid, the area around the vent holes shows discoloration from the smoke of burning incense."]
[8185,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","博物館・美術館","見台","けんだい","bookstand","この見台のような豪華な品々は、彼らの富と名声を示すために発注されたもので、日常的に使用される同様の品々とは比較にならないほど華麗なものである。","Luxury objects, such as this bookstand, were commissioned to display their wealth and prestige and were far more ornate than similar objects intended for daily use."]
[8190,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","湖沼","西湖","せいこ","West Lake","中国杭州にある西湖は、唐の時代（618-907）から中国の伝説や絵画、文学に登場する場所である。","West Lake in Hangzhou, China, has featured in Chinese legends, paintings, and literature since the Tang dynasty (618–907)."]
[8194,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","屏風","びょうぶ","folding screen","江戸時代（1603-1867）の庶民の風習を四季折々に描いた一対の屏風である。","This pair of folding screens depicts the customs of ordinary people during the Edo period (1603–1867) over the course of the four seasons."]
[8197,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","その他","見本","みほん","sample","このコレクションは、綱紀が職人に見本を作らせたものである。","To form the collection, Tsunanori had artisans make samples for him."]
[8202,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","ビスク","びすく","bisque","通常より高い焼成温度で焼くことで、釉薬がビスクと融合するだけでなく、互いに溶け合うことで効果を発揮する。","The effect is achieved by using higher-than-normal firing temperatures, causing the glazes not just to fuse to the bisque but melt into one another."]
[8208,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","素地（下地）","そじ（したじ）","substrate (base object)","旋盤や竹編みなど素地（下地）を整える技法も含まれるが、絵付けや象嵌などの装飾技法とは区別される。","It includes techniques for preparing the substrate (base object), such as lathing or bamboo weaving, but it is distinct from decorative techniques, such as painting or metal inlay."]
[8213,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","冶金","やきん","metallurgy","弥生時代（紀元前300年－紀元後300年）にアジア大陸から伝わり、日本の冶金技法とともに儀礼的・機能的な装飾品として発展してきた彫金の技法。","Early chasing techniques were imported from continental Asia during the Yayoi period (300 BCE–300 CE) and evolved alongside Japanese metallurgy as a way of ornamenting both ritual and functional objects."]
[8218,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","籾殻","もみがら","rice chaff","まず、粘土と籾殻を混ぜたもので土台となる形を作る。","First, a base form is crafted using a mixture of clay and rice chaff."]
[8220,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","指物","さしもの","joinery (sashimono) ","指物（さしもの）とは、木製の板やパネルを釘を使わずに固定することである。","Joinery (sashimono) involves fastening wooden boards or panels together without the use of nails."]
[8225,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","金箔","きんぱく","gold foil ","金箔は息を吹きかけると破れてしまうほど繊細なため、截金職人は何枚も金箔を貼り合わせて強度を高めている。","Gold foil is delicate enough to be torn by a stray breath, so kirikane artisans strengthen it by bonding several sheets together."]
[8227,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","撥鏤","ばちる","bachiru (stained ivory engraving)","重要無形文化財の「工芸」には、陶芸、染織、漆器、金工、木竹工、人形、和紙、撥鏤（ばちる、染めに象牙を彫る）、截金（細い金箔を張って模様を描く）9分野があり…","There are nine categories for Important Intangible Cultural Heritage under the heading of “Crafts”: ceramics, textiles, lacquerware, metalwork, woodwork and bamboowork, doll making, paper making, bachiru (stained ivory engraving), and kirikane (applying thin pieces of metal foil to create designs)."]
[8232,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","工芸・美術","加賀象嵌","かがぞうがん","Kaga metal inlay","加賀蒔絵や加賀象嵌などの技法もここで生まれた。","Key techniques to emerge from the workshop include Kaga maki-e and Kaga metal inlay. "]
[8237,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","書物","書道具","しょどうぐ","calligraphy tool","また、茶道具、能面・能装束、書道具など、日本の広範な芸術領域に地域が参加したことを示す作品も含まれている。","The collection also includes works that demonstrate local participation in Japan’s broader artistic spheres: tea ceremony implements, noh masks and costumes, and calligraphy tools."]
[8241,"石川県","いしかわ工芸・文化財デジタルコンテンツ推進協議会","その他","陣羽織","じんばおり","campaign jacket","前田家伝来の鎧兜、陣羽織、加賀象嵌の鐙、茶道具、山水画、書道、時には百工比照（工芸技法を示す見本のコレクション）まで、月替わりで展示している。","The displays are rotated monthly and may include sets of armor made for the Maeda lords, luxurious campaign jackets, stirrups adorned with Kaga metal inlay, tea utensils, landscape paintings, calligraphy, and occasionally, the Hyakkō Hishō—a collection of samples and objects illustrating decorative craft techniques."]
[8248,"石川県","一般社団法人能登半島広域観光協会","神社・寺院・神仏等","大祖堂","だいそどう","daisodo","法堂 (大祖堂) は、朝夕の祈りと説法の場です。","The dharma hall (daisodo) is the venue for morning and evening prayers and sermons."]
[8249,"石川県","一般社団法人能登半島広域観光協会","食","保存加工","ほぞんかこう","preserved","海産物の多くは、運びやすくするために、乾燥させたり、塩漬けや酢漬けにされています。","Much of the seafood is preserved—salted and dried, or pickled—for easy transport. "]
[8255,"石川県","一般社団法人能登半島広域観光協会","その他","担ぐ","かつぐ","shouldered","奉燈それぞれを、約100人で担ぎます。担ぎ手たちは、狭い道を進んで行く際に、漁の成功を祈る言葉を叫びます。","Each float is shouldered by around 100 people, who call out prayers for successful fishing as they make their way through the narrow streets. "]
[8260,"石川県","一般社団法人能登半島広域観光協会","神社・寺院・神仏等","仏壇","ぶつだん","butsudan","隣の部屋には、一家の仏壇が置かれており、欄間には有名な風景が彫られています。","The transoms of the adjoining room, which has the household Buddhist altar (butsudan), have panels carved to depict famous landscapes. "]
[8265,"石川県","一般社団法人能登半島広域観光協会","その他","電気透析","でんきとうせき","electrodialysis","現在、最も一般的な方法は、イオン交換膜電気透析です。この方法は、電気を使って、塩化ナトリウム粒子を海水から分離し、濃い塩水を作ります。","Now, the most common method is ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis, which uses electricity to separate the sodium chloride particles from seawater to produce a concentrated salt solution. "]
[8267,"石川県","一般社団法人能登半島広域観光協会","工芸・美術","装飾","そうしょく","decorative","装飾の技法には、植物の繊細な意匠を彫る、櫛のようなもので平行線を描く、粘土に模様を押してつけるなどの技法がありました。","Decorative techniques included incising delicate botanical designs, combing parallel lines, or stamping patterns into the clay. "]
[8272,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","若狭国","わかさのくに","Wakasa Province","若狭国では807年に国分寺が建立されました。","In Wakasa Province, a kokubunji temple was constructed in 807."]
[8279,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","円照寺","えんしょうじ","Enshoji Temple","この不動明王像の原品は、小浜市中心部の円照寺に祀られており、国の重要文化財に指定されています。","The original of this sculpture depicting Fudo Myo-o, the Immovable Wisdom King, is enshrined at Enshoji Temple in central Obama and is a nationally designated Important Cultural Property."]
[8283,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","長慶院","ちょうけいいん"," Chokeiin Temple","原品は長慶院が運営する観音堂に安置されており、国の重要文化財に指定されています。","The original is enshrined in the Kannondo Hall administered by Chokeiin Temple and is a nationally designated Important Cultural Property."]
[8284,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","日光寺","にっこうじ","Nikkoji Temple","記録によると、当初は久須夜ヶ岳の麓にある日光寺の本尊でした。","According to records, it was initially the principal object of worship at Nikkoji Temple located at the foot of Mt. Kusuyagadake."]
[8289,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","集落・街","仏谷","ほとけだに","Hotokedani","仏谷村では古くからこの像が信仰され、村の宗教生活の中心的役割を果たしてきました。","The statue was long worshipped in the village of Hotokedani, playing a central role in the religious life of the community."]
[8295,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","キツネガリ","きつねがり","Kitsunegari","トイワイ（またはキツネガリ）と呼ばれる行事では、神々に代わって子どもたちが村を回り、幸運を授けるために、唱えごとをしたり神事用の槌や棒で戸口をドンドンと叩いたりします。","In the Toiwai (or Kitsunegari) ritual, children acting as representatives of the deities go around the village chanting or pounding on doors with ritual mallets or sticks to bestow good fortune."]
[8298,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","六斎念仏","ろくさいねんぶつ","Rokusai Nenbutsu","六斎念仏は何世紀も前に京都からもたらされ、今でも若狭の約20の集落で、踊り方や参加者の年齢、衣装も様々に演じられています。","The Rokusai Nenbutsu was brought from Kyoto centuries ago and is still performed in some 20 communities in Wakasa with variations in dance style, age of participants, and costumes."]
[8302,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","霜月の先祖祭り","しもつきのせんぞまつり","Shimotsuki no Senzo festival","霜月の先祖祭り（11月に先祖を崇拝する）がその風習に含まれ、11月下旬または12月に祭壇で特別なお供え物が奉納されます。","This includes the Shimotsuki no Senzo (“worshipping ancestors in the eleventh month”) festival, in which special offerings are presented at the altars in the woods in late November or December."]
[8307,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","オコゼ","おこぜ","okoze","山の神の祭の場合は、お供え物は、美しい女性に嫉妬する山の女神をなだめると信じられているオコゼなどがあります。","In the case of the Yama no Kami festival, offerings include okoze stonefish, believed to appease a mountain goddess who is jealous of beautiful women.","※「okoze」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[8312,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","貴徳","きとく","Kitoku","王の舞と、散手や貴徳などの舞手が勝利を祝う軍の司令官を表していると考えられている古代の舞楽作品との間には類似点が見られます。","Similarities can be found between O no Mai and ancient bugaku pieces such as Sanju and Kitoku, in which the dancers are thought to represent military leaders celebrating a victory.","※外来語のタイトルのため、斜体で表記。"]
[8318,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","棒振","ぼうふり","bofuri","有名な京都の祇園祭の影響は、大きな山車、祭りの音楽、棒振の踊り手などに見ることができます。","The influence of the famous Gion Festival of Kyoto can be seen in the large floats, festival music, and pole-wielding bofuri dancers.","※「bofuri」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[8319,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","放生祭","ほうぜまつり","Hoze Festival","小浜の祇園祭の演目の一部は、9月中旬に八幡神社で行われる放生祭の一環となりました。","Some of the performance aspects of the Obama Gion Festival have become part of the Hoze Festival held by Hachiman Jinja Shrine in mid-September."]
[8327,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","史跡","鳥浜貝塚","とりはまかいづか","Torihama Shell Midden","鳥浜貝塚遺跡では、丸木船、弓、斧の柄、木製の容器などの人工物が発見されました。","Dugout canoes, bows, axe handles, wooden containers, and other crafted objects were discovered at the Torihama Shell Midden site."]
[8330,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","高原・湿原・原野","敦賀平野","つるがへいや","Tsuruga Plain","弥生時代のいくつかの重要な遺跡が小浜平野と敦賀平野で発見されておりました。","Several important archaeological sites dating to the Yayoi period have been discovered on the Obama and Tsuruga Plains."]
[8335,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","史跡","府中石田遺跡","ふちゅういしだいせき","Fuchu-Ishida site","2005年～2008年に発掘が行われた府中石田遺跡では、多くの重要な考古学的発見がありました。","Many significant archaeological discoveries were made at the Fuchu-Ishida site, which was excavated in 2005–2008."]
[8336,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","史跡","方形周溝墓","ほうけいしゅうこうぼ","ditch-enclosed rectangular burial site","この発見には、若狭地域で最初に発見された方形周溝墓と、北陸地方で最初に発見された木製の棺が含まれていました。","These include the first ditch-enclosed rectangular burial site found in the Wakasa area and the first wooden coffins discovered in the Hokuriku region."]
[8342,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","河川・渓谷","北川","きたがわ","Kita River","若狭・敦賀地域で特に大きな古墳の多くは、小浜市と若狭町の間にある北川流域にあります。","Many of the particularly large kofun in the Wakasa and Tsuruga regions are located in the Kita River basin between the present-day city of Obama and the town of Wakasa."]
[8345,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","史跡","土師器","はじき","Haji ware","4世紀初頭、土師器と呼ばれる素焼きの赤褐色の陶器が日本で開発されました。","Early in the fourth century, a type of unglazed, reddish-brown pottery called Haji ware was developed in Japan."]
[8353,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","書物","先代旧事本紀","せんだいくじほんぎ","Sendai kuji hongi","展示されている文書は、江戸時代（1603年～1867年）の先代旧事本紀と日本書紀の翻刻であり、膳臣に関する情報を含んでいる初期の日本の歴史書の内の2つです。","The texts on exhibit are Edo-period (1603–1867) reprints of Sendai kuji hongi and Nihon shoki, two of the early Japanese histories that contain some information about the Kashiwade no Omi clan."]
[8354,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","書物","日本書紀","にほんしょき","Nihon shoki","展示されている文書は、江戸時代（1603年～1867年）の先代旧事本紀と日本書紀の翻刻であり、膳臣に関する情報を含んでいる初期の日本の歴史書の内の2つです。","The texts on exhibit are Edo-period (1603–1867) reprints of Sendai kuji hongi and Nihon shoki, two of the early Japanese histories that contain some information about the Kashiwade no Omi clan.","※外来語のタイトルのため、斜体で表記。"]
[8360,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","書物","延喜式","えんぎしき","Engishiki","10世紀初頭の風習や公務の手続きを編纂した延喜式には、塩や海産物で税や年貢を納めていたことについての詳細な情報があります。","Detailed information about Wakasa Province paying taxes and tributes in salt and seafood appears in the Engishiki, a compilation of customs and official procedures from the early tenth century."]
[8365,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","集落・街","角鹿","つぬが","Tsunuga","何世紀もの間、若狭湾に沿った角鹿地域（現在の敦賀市）は、良質な塩の産地として知られていました。","For centuries, the Tsunuga area along Wakasa Bay (present-day Tsuruga) was known for producing high-quality salt."]
[8370,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","平群鮪","へぐりのしび","Heguri no Shibi","武烈は成長すると、真鳥の息子である平群鮪の秘密の恋人であった影姫に求愛を始めました。","As Buretsu grew up, he began courting Kagehime, a secret lover of Matori’s son Heguri no Shibi."]
[8374,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","お水送り","おみずおくり","Omizu Okuri","若狭神宮寺は、奈良の東大寺へ聖なる水を象徴的に送るお水送りの儀式が有名で、10日後には東大寺で有名なお水取りの儀式が行われます。","Wakasa Jinguji is known for the Omizu Okuri (“water-sending”) ritual held to symbolically send sacred water to Todaiji Temple in Nara, which holds the famous Omizutori (“water-drawing”) ritual ten days later."]
[8377,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","聖武天皇","しょうむてんのう","Emperor Shomu","741年、聖武天皇（701年～756年）は、仏教を広めるため、国の安全を祈るために、各国に国分寺（国から支援を受けた寺）を設立するよう命じました。","In 741, Emperor Shomu (701–756) decreed that each province should establish a kokubunji (a state-sponsored temple) to spread Buddhism and pray for the safety of the country."]
[8384,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","羽賀寺","はがじ","Hagaji Temple","1422年、小浜の羽賀寺は、朝鮮の王朝である高麗（918年～1392年）から来た非常に貴重な経典の1325年の写本であった華麗な法華経を受け取りました。","In 1422, Hagaji Temple in Obama received an ornate Lotus Sutra that was a 1325 copy of a highly treasured sutra from the Korean kingdom of Goryeo (918–1392)."]
[8388,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","養方軒パウロ","よほうけんぱうろ","Yohoken Paulo","もう1つの展示品は、イエズス会への改宗者の養方軒パウロと洞院ヴィセンテが日本語に翻訳した、サンクトスのご作業の内抜書（聖人の行動の抜粋）と題されたキリスト教の聖人たちの生活を詳しく説明した教科書の復刻版です。","Another exhibit is a reprinted edition of a text detailing the lives of Christian saints, titled Sanctos no gosagveo no vchi nvqigaqi (Excerpts from the Acts of the Saints), that Jesuit converts Yohoken Paulo and Toin Vicente translated into Japanese."]
[8389,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","洞院ヴィセンテ","とういんゔぃせんて","Toin Vicente","もう1つの展示品は、イエズス会への改宗者の養方軒パウロと洞院ヴィセンテが日本語に翻訳した、サンクトスのご作業の内抜書（聖人の行動の抜粋）と題されたキリスト教の聖人たちの生活を詳しく説明した教科書の復刻版です。","Another exhibit is a reprinted edition of a text detailing the lives of Christian saints, titled Sanctos no gosagveo no vchi nvqigaqi (Excerpts from the Acts of the Saints), that Jesuit converts Yohoken Paulo and Toin Vicente translated into Japanese."]
[8393,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","後瀬山城","のちせやまじょう","Nochiseyama Castle","第6代足利将軍であった足利義教（1394年～1441年）から守護に任命され、16世紀初頭に小浜に後瀬山城を築城するまでは京都から国を治めた。","They were appointed to the position of shugo (provincial governor) by the sixth Ashikaga shogun, Ashikaga Yoshinori (1394–1441), and managed the province from Kyoto until the early sixteenth century, when they built Nochiseyama Castle in Obama."]
[8400,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","一色家","いっしきけ","Isshiki family","1440年、将軍・足利義教の命により、安芸武田家の武田信栄（1413年～1440年）は、当時、若狭国の守護として務めていた一色家を討ちました。","In 1440, acting on orders from the shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori, Takeda Nobuhide (1413–1440) of the Aki Takeda defeated the Isshiki family, who were serving as the shugo governors of Wakasa Province at the time."]
[8405,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","朝倉家","あさくらけ","Asakura family","その結果、九代当主であった武田元明（1552年～1582年）が朝倉家に拘留されました。","As a result, the ninth family head Takeda Motoaki (1552–1582) was taken into Asakura custody."]
[8407,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","社会","花押","かおう","kao","1528年に明通寺に送られた武田元光の花押の入った文書は、寺院の特定の税を免除し、外部の者が境内の木材を伐採することや宿泊のために寺院の建物を徴用することを禁止しています。","A document bearing the kao (stylized signature) of Takeda Motomitsu, sent to Myotsuji Temple in 1528, exempts the temple from certain taxes and prohibits outsiders from cutting trees on the grounds and requisitioning temple buildings for lodgings."]
[8412,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","京極高次","きょうごくたかつぐ","Kyogoku Takatsugu","家康は京極高次（1563年～1609年）を小浜藩の初代藩主に任命しました。","He appointed Kyogoku Takatsugu (1563–1609) as the first lord of the newly established Obama domain."]
[8417,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","京極忠高","きょうごくただたか","Kyogoku Tadataka","息子の京極忠高（1593年～1637年）は1634年に松江藩に移されるまで、小浜藩を統治しその工事を続けました。","His son Kyogoku Tadataka (1593–1637) ruled the Obama domain and continued the projects until 1634, when he was transferred to the Matsue domain."]
[8421,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","書物","お菊物語","おきくものがたり","Okiku monogatari","そのほかの展示には、京極氏系図の複製や、お初の大阪城からの劇的な脱出を描いたページを開いた「お菊物語」の挿絵の複写などがあります。","Other items on display include a replica of the Kyogoku family genealogy and an illustrated copy of Okiku monogatari (The Tale of Kiku), open to the pages that depict the dramatic evacuation of Ohatsu from Osaka Castle."]
[8424,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","大老","たいろう","tairo","徳川家の長年の家臣であり、老中や大老（将軍に次ぐ地位）など、徳川幕府でいくつかの重要な地位を占めていました。","He was a long-time retainer of the Tokugawa family and held several prominent positions in the Tokugawa shogunate, including roju (“elder”) and tairo (“great elder,” a position second only to the shogun).","※「tairo」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[8431,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","書物","解体新書","かいたいしんしょ","Kaitai shinsho","このプロジェクトには他に3人の医師が関わり、翻訳された結果、解体新書と題され、1774年に出版されました。これは、日本で最初の西洋医学書の完全な翻訳でした。","Three other physicians were involved in the project, and the resulting translation, titled Kaitai shinsho (New Text on Anatomy), was published in 1774.","※外来語のタイトルのため、斜体で表記。"]
[8435,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","小田野直武","おだのなおたけ","Odano Naotake","あるポスターでは、オランダの本にある挿絵と、洋画家小田野直武（1749年～1780年）が解体新書のために新たに描いた挿絵を比較しています。","A poster compares the illustrations found in the Dutch book with the new renditions made for Kaitai shinsho by the Western-style painter Odano Naotake (1749–1780)."]
[8440,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","乗物","大廻り","おおまわり","omawari","若狭地方では、いま一般的に北前船と呼ばれている船は、千石船、大廻り、弁才船と呼ばれていました。","In the Wakasa region, the ships now commonly referred to as kitamaebune were called sengokubune, omawari, and bezaisen."]
[8445,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","工芸・美術","若狭瑪瑙","わかさめのう","Wakasa agate","頭が虎で体が魚という想像上の生き物である鯱の大きな若狭瓦の像と、3羽の雛と雌鶏の若狭瑪瑙の彫刻は、北前船が交易していた時代にこの地域から出荷された商品の例です。","The large Wakasa tile figure of a shachihoko, a mythical creature with the head of a tiger and the body of a fish, and Wakasa agate carvings of a hen with three chicks exemplify some of the goods that were shipped from the region during the kitamaebune trade period."]
[8447,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","食","料亭","りょうてい","ryotei","蓬嶋楼は、かつては三丁町で最大級の高級レストランであり娯楽施設（料亭）でした。","Hotoro was once one of the largest luxury restaurants and entertainment establishments (ryotei) in the Sanchomachi area.","※「ryotei」は現状一般名詞ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[8452,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","龍草蘆","たつそうろ","Tatsu Soro","金箔で覆われた板には、中国古典の作品で知られる儒学者であり詩人である龍草蘆(1714年～1792年)の書があります。","The gilded panels display calligraphy by Tatsu Soro (1714–1792), a Confucian scholar and poet known for his works in classical Chinese."]
[8454,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","工芸・美術","飲中八仙図","いんちゅうはっせんず","Inchu hassen-zu","芸術作品の1つは、明治時代（1868年～1912年）の「飲中八仙図」と題された絵画です。","One is a painting from the Meiji period (1868–1912) titled Inchu hassen-zu (Eight Immortals of the Wine Cup)."]
[8459,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","集落・街","西組","にしぐみ","Nishigumi district","西組の特徴的な街並みは、京都と海を結ぶ港町として栄えた小浜の長い歴史を反映しています。","The distinctive townscape of the Nishigumi district reflects Obama’s long history as a thriving port town that connected Kyoto to the sea."]
[8464,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","西山稲荷神社","にしやまいなりじんじゃ","Nishiyama Inari Jinja Shrine","歴史ある熊川宿という宿場町の下ノ町の入口近くの山の斜面にある朱色の鳥居は、西山稲荷神社への道を示しています。","The vermilion torii gates on the mountain slope near the Shimoncho entrance to the historic Kumagawa-juku post town mark the path toward Nishiyama Inari Jinja Shrine."]
[8470,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","松木神社","まつのきじんじゃ","Matsunoki Jinja Shrine","1933年、この土地には、村の指導者だった松木庄左衛門（1625年～1652年）を祀る松木神社が設立されました。","Matsunoki Jinja Shrine was founded on the site in 1933 to honor the village leader Matsunoki Shozaemon (1625–1652)."]
[8475,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","建造物等","かわと","かわと","kawato","カワトと呼ばれる、水位のすぐ上にある台を備えた石段が、水路に沿って点々と設けられており、衣服や野菜を洗うなどの毎日の仕事を簡単にできるようにしました。","Stone steps with a platform just above the water level, called kawato, were built intermittently along the channel to provide easier access for everyday tasks such as washing clothes or vegetables."]
[8478,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","集落・街","重要伝統的建造物群保存地区","じゅうようでんとうてきけんぞうぶつぐんほぞんちく","Important Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings","菱屋の19世紀後半の建築は、国の重要伝統的建造物群保存地区に選定された熊川宿の町並みの、注目すべき要素です。","The late nineteenth-century architecture of Hishiya is a notable element of the townscape of Kumagawa-juku, which is a nationally designated Important Preservation District for Groups of Traditional Buildings."]
[8482,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","熊川城","くまがわじょう","Kumagawa Castle","最も奥の端には、山腹の絶景ポイントを過ぎて熊川城跡へと続くハイキングコースへの入口があります。","At the far end is an entrance to a hiking trail that leads past scenic viewing points on the mountainside to the remains of Kumagawa Castle."]
[8487,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","史跡","旧逸見勘兵衛家","きゅうへんみかんべえけ","former residence of Henmi Kanbei","旧逸見勘兵衛家","Former residence of Henmi Kanbei"]
[8492,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","細川藤考（細川幽斎）","ほそかわふじたか\r\n（ほそかわゆうさい）","Hosokawa Fujitaka (Hosokawa Yusai)","娘の麝香（1544年～1618年）は後に、著名な将軍であり著名な作家でもあった細川藤考（細川幽斎としても知られる1534年～1610年）と結婚しました。","His daughter Jako (1544–1618) would later marry Hosokawa Fujitaka (also known as Hosokawa Yusai, 1534–1610), a prominent general and an accomplished writer."]
[8494,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","史跡","熊川番所","くまがわばんしょ","Kumagawa Guardhouse","熊川番所は、熊川宿という宿場町を通過する旅行者を監視するために、小浜藩の藩主であった酒井忠勝（1587年～1662年）によって寛永時代（1624年～1644年）に建てられました。","The Kumagawa Guardhouse was built during the Kan’ei era (1624–1644) by Sakai Tadakatsu (1587–1662), the lord of the Obama domain, to monitor travelers passing through Kumagawa-juku post town."]
[8499,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","集落・街","中ノ町","なかんちょ","Nakancho","町は上ノ町、中ノ町、下ノ町の3つのエリアに分かれています。","The town is divided into three areas: Kamincho, Nakancho, and Shimoncho."]
[8506,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","覚成寺","かくじょうじ","Kakujoji Temple","中ノ町には、覚成寺、得法寺、松木神社、白石神社など、いくつかの信仰の場があります。","There are several places of worship in the Nakancho area, such as Kakujoji Temple, Tokuhoji Temple, Matsunoki Jinja Shrine, and Shiraishi Jinja Shrine."]
[8510,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","博物館・美術館","村田館","むらたかん","Murata Museum","菊乃井の3代目オーナーである寅吉の孫の助けを借りて、建物は改装され、若狭地域の食文化を紹介する村田館として再生しました。","With the assistance of Torakichi’s grandson, the third-generation owner of Kikunoi, the building was renovated and reopened as the Murata Museum, a place that introduces the food culture of the Wakasa region."]
[8511,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","集落・街","宿場","しゅくば","shukuba","しかし、宿場としての歴史は、正式には16世紀後半まで始まりませんでした。","However, its history as a post town (shukuba) did not officially begin until the late sixteenth century."]
[8517,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","山岳","保坂峠","ほうざかとうげ","Hozaka Pass","若狭街道は、小浜から熊川宿という宿場町へと延び、山あいにある保坂峠を越えて、南は朽木村に、さらに南へ行くと大原と八瀬を通り、京都北部の出町柳で終わりました。","The Wakasa Kaido ran from Obama to Kumagawa-juku post town, over the Hozaka Pass through the mountains, south to the village of Kutsuki, and further south through Ohara and Yase, ending at Demachiyanagi in northern Kyoto."]
[8522,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","書物","小浜市場仲買文書","おばまいちばなかがいもんじょ","Obama ichiba nakagai monjo","「小浜市場仲買文書」など、江戸時代に若狭街道で行われた輸送や商取引の記録から、当時に行われた旅行の規模を推定することができます。","Records of shipments and business dealings conducted along the Wakasa Kaido in the Edo period, such as the Obama ichiba nakagai monjo (Obama Market Brokerage Archives), make it possible to estimate the scale of travel that occurred at the time.","※外来語のタイトルのため、斜体で表記。"]
[8525,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","西国三十三所","さいごくさんじゅうさんしょ","Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage","若狭街道のある箇所は、慈悲の菩薩である観音を祀る33の寺院を含む、西日本にある西国三十三所の二つの立ち寄り先である松尾寺と宝厳寺を結ぶのに役立ちました。","A section of the road helped connect Matsuno’odera Temple and Hogonji Temple, two stops along the Saigoku Kannon Pilgrimage route in western Japan that encompasses 33 temples dedicated to Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion."]
[8529,"福井県","小浜市・若狭町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","鉄扇踊り","てっせんおどり","Tessen Odori","夏には、京都北部の八瀬や大原で発祥した鉄扇踊りという踊りが、熊川宿で踊られます。","The Tessen Odori dance that originated in the Yase and Ohara villages of northern Kyoto is performed in Kumagawa-juku in the summer."]
[8534,"長野県","松本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","大天守","だいてんしゅ","the Great Keep ","そのため、せっかく四角い基礎を築いたのに、大天守の基礎の側面は、上に行くほどわずかに内側に曲がっている。","As a result, the stone foundation of the Great Keep curves slightly inward.","※ 「the Great Keep」の「G」と「K」は必ず大文字。"]
[8539,"長野県","松本市","その他","荒削りの石材","あらけずりのせきざい","rough-hewn rock ","城の基礎となる石垣は、近隣の山から切り出した荒削りの石材で造られている。","The stone walls of the castle’s foundation were built using rough-hewn rock taken from nearby mountains."]
[8545,"長野県","松本市","その他","教本","きょうほん","primer","『雑兵物語』は、17世紀の軍隊の大部分を占めた槍兵、弓兵、鉄砲兵、厩番、運搬係のための教本である。","Zōhyō monogatari (Foot Soldiers’ Tales) is a primer for the pikemen, archers, gunners, grooms, and porters who made up the bulk of seventeenth-century armies."]
[8549,"長野県","松本市","工芸・美術","茶箪笥","ちゃだんす","tea cabinet","当主の母親、淀殿の居室を破り、茶箪笥を壊してしまったという話もある。","According to one account, a cannon ball breached the apartments of Hideyori’s mother, Yododono, and destroyed a tea cabinet as she was using it."]
[8552,"長野県","松本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","柵","さく","palisade","信長は、城の反対側の柵の後ろに鉄砲隊を3列に並べ、武田軍の精鋭騎馬隊を引きつけて砲撃を仕掛けた。","He positioned his gunners in three rows behind palisades on the opposite side of the plain from the castle, then drew the elite Takeda cavalry into a charge."]
[8557,"長野県","松本市","時代・歴史組織・団体","県庁","けんちょう","prefectural office","明治維新後、二の丸御殿は一時県庁となったが、1876年に火災で焼失した。","After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Ninomaru Goten briefly served as a prefectural office, but its buildings were destroyed by fire in 1876."]
[8563,"長野県","松本市","神社・寺院・神仏等","僧兵","そうへい","militant Buddhist monk","一向一揆とは、農民、下級武士、僧兵の集まりのことで、大名とは異なる。","The Ikkō-ikki were not daimyos; they were a loose collection of peasants, low-ranking samurai, and militant Buddhist monks who rebelled against daimyo rule."]
[8564,"長野県","松本市","その他","火ばさみ","ひばさみ","serpentine","火ばさみには火のついた火縄が入っており、砲手が引き金を引くとアームが前に飛び出して、火薬を入れた皿に点火する。","The serpentine held a lit match cord; when the gunner pulled the trigger, the arm snapped forward and ignited a pan of priming powder."]
[8569,"長野県","松本市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","要塞","ようさい","defensive fortification","大天守は南東の郭より40年前に建てられ、軍事的な要塞としての性格が強い。","The Great Keep was built 40 years before the Southeast Wing, and the keep is first and foremost a defensive fortification."]
[8572,"長野県","松本市","建造物等","雨どい","あまどい","rain gutter","これらの門扉は、雨戸を閉めたときに雨水を外部に流すための雨どいを内蔵している。","Their window sills have internal rain gutters to channel rainwater to the outside when the shutters are closed."]
[8580,"長野県","松本市","動物","駿馬","しゅんば","peerless horse","彼は厩舎係の者に2頭の駿馬 を連れてこさせ、清正に好きな馬を選んでくださいと言った。","He had his grooms bring in two peerless horses, and he told Kiyomasa to take his pick."]
[8581,"長野県","松本市","人物・人名・役職名","行政官","ぎょうせいかん","municipal official","1871年に行政官に任命され、翌年には地方新聞を創刊した。","In 1871, he was appointed a municipal official, and the following year he founded a local newspaper."]
[8587,"長野県","松本市","その他","発掘調査","はっくつちょうさ","excavation","1876年に県庁が焼失した際にも蔵は残り、1979年の発掘調査で出土した資料を保管している。","When the prefectural office was destroyed by fire in 1876, the storehouse survived, and today it holds items uncovered during an excavation of the site in 1979."]
[8592,"長野県","松本市","庭園・公園","築山","つきやま","artificial hill","崩れないように石が積まれた土塁は、「築山」となり、家庭の庭の風景となった。","Residents lined the earthen mounds with stones to keep them from collapsing, and many became “artificial hills” (tsukiyama), a feature of household landscape gardens."]
[8596,"長野県","松本市","建造物等","窓ガラス","まどがらす","pane","しかし、旧開智学校本館と教室棟の窓ガラスには、透明なガラスと装飾用の色ガラスを合わせて約2,600枚が使用された。","Despite this, the main building and the classroom wing of the Former Kaichi School Building have roughly 2,600 pieces of glass, including both clear panes for the windows and decorative, colored fragments of stained glass."]
[8599,"長野県","松本市","建造物等","障子の組子","しょうじのくみこ","wooden lattices of the shoji panels","この紙の使い方は、伝統的な家屋で部屋を仕切る障子の組子を紙で何重にも覆うのに似ている。","This technique resembled the way paper is layered over the wooden lattices of the shoji panels that separate rooms in traditional houses. "]
[8604,"長野県","松本市","その他","戦時","せんじ","wartime","1633年、松平家は天守閣を増築し、辰巳附櫓と月見櫓を建てて、平時と戦時の建築様式を併せ持つ城となった。","Between 1633 and 1634, the Matsudaira family expanded the castle by adding the Southeast Wing and the Moon-Viewing Tower, creating a unique combination of peacetime and wartime architecture."]
[8610,"長野県","松本市","その他","弾","たま","musket ball","この火薬が銃身内の主砲を発火させ、弾 を発射させるのである。","The burning match cord ignites the priming powder, and the priming powder ignites the main charge inside the barrel, expelling the musket ball."]
[8615,"長野県","松本市","社会","農民一揆","のうみんいっき","peasant revolt","18世紀末から19世紀初頭にかけて、徳川幕府は飢饉、インフレ、農民一揆と戦ってきた。","For much of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the Tokugawa shogunate had contended with famine, inflation, and peasant revolts."]
[8616,"長野県","松本市","紋章等","家紋","かもん","kamon","日本の家紋は歴史的に見ると、「家紋」と呼ばれる紋章で家族のつながりを示してきた。","Historically, Japanese families have shown their familial connections using emblems called kamon."]
[8620,"長野県","松本市","その他","平時","へいじ","peacetime","このように、戦時中と平時の建築様式が混在しているのが、この城の特徴である。","This two-phase building process is reflected in the castle’s unique blend of wartime and peacetime architecture."]
[8627,"長野県","松本市","その他","介護者","かいごしゃ","caregiver","障がい者手帳をお持ちの方：障がい者1名とその介護者1名が無料で入園可能。","Visitors with disabilities (plus one caregiver per visitor) may enter free with presentation of a disability certificate."]
[8632,"長野県","松本市","建造物等","捨て瓦","すてかわら","disposable tile","これは、軒先から落ちてくる雪や氷から屋根を守るために設置された捨て瓦である。","An additional layer of flat tiles was added to various parts of the roof during repairs in the 1950s. These disposable tiles were placed to protect the roof from snow and ice falling from the eaves above."]
[8634,"長野県","松本市","工芸・美術","胴乱","どうらん","bullet case ","腰には刀、腰には胴乱 、肩には瓢箪型の火薬筒、背中には槊杖と、万全の体制で戦いに臨む武士の姿が描かれています。","The set of armor shown here depicts a fully equipped warrior ready for battle: a sword at his waist, a bullet case dangling from his hip, a gourd-shaped gunpowder canister slung over his shoulder, and a ramrod at his back."]
[8639,"長野県","松本市","その他","設計図","せっけいず","blueprint","現存する設計図がなく、設計者の市川清作は名古屋城の門を参考にしたと言われている。","The original Kuromon Gate was demolished in 1871, and the current inner gate was rebuilt in 1960. It is said that, because there were no surviving blueprints available, the architect Ichikawa Kiyosaku based the gate on one at Nagoya Castle."]
[8643,"長野県","松本市","その他","工業化の急速な進展","こうぎょうかのきゅうそくなしんてん","rapid industrialization","戊辰戦争は明治維新の第一段階であり、徳川幕府（1603-1868）の終焉、社会と政治の大転換、工業化の急速な進展のきっかけとなった。","The Boshin War was the first stage of the Meiji Restoration, which brought about the end of the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–1868), initiated sweeping social and political changes, and ushered in the country’s rapid industrialization."]
[8650,"長野県","松本市","建造物等","込み栓","こみせん","pegs that were used to join one piece of wood to another","そのうちの一人は、仕事から逃げるかのように、込み栓を時々削る程度で、他の職人たちを呆れさせていた。","One of these carpenters seemed determined to avoid work; to the annoyance of his fellow workers, he loafed around, occasionally whittling the pegs that were used to join one piece of wood to another."]
[8651,"長野県","松本市","工芸・美術","振袖","ふりそで","long-sleeved furisode robe ","忠政はまだ18歳で、鎧を身にまとってはいるが、その下はまだ成人していない少年の長袖の振袖を着ている。","Tadazane was only 18, and though he had clad himself in armor, beneath it he still wore the long-sleeved furisode robe of a young boy."]
[8658,"長野県","松本市","建造物等","鬼瓦","おにがわら","ornamental roof tiles that were used to cap the ends of roof ridges (onigawara)","また、屋根の棟の端に被せる装飾瓦（鬼瓦）も数種類展示している。","Several styles of ornamental roof tiles that were used to cap the ends of roof ridges (onigawara) are also displayed.","※「onigawara」のローマ字の記載は任意。使う場合は斜体字で表記。"]
[8662,"岐阜県","美濃市","工芸・美術","塵取り","ちりとり","chiritori","外皮の不純物がまだ残っている場合は、紙の概観に影響を与えてしまうため、塵取りと呼ばれる手作業で取り除きます。","Impurities from the outer bark affect the appearance of the paper, so they are removed by hand in a process known as chiritori. "]
[8667,"岐阜県","美濃市","工芸・美術","ホランダービーター","ほらんだーびーたー","Hollander beater","ホランダービーターは1680年にオランダで開発されました。もともとは水を動力として回転する羽根を動かし、靭皮繊維を分離するものでした。","The Hollander beater was developed by the Dutch in 1680. It originally used water to power rolling blades, to separate the bast fibers. "]
[8672,"岐阜県","美濃市","工芸・美術","本美濃紙","ほんみのし","Hon-minoshi","その中でも最も上質なものが本美濃紙で、その軽い和紙の強くて耐久性があり、滑らかで汚れのない外観が人気となっています。","The highest-quality paper is Hon-minoshi, a lightweight washi valued for its strength, durability, smooth texture, and unblemished appearance. "]
[8674,"岐阜県","美濃市","工芸・美術","機械漉き","きかいすき","machine-made paper","機械漉き和紙（機械で作る和紙）の主な材料は楮（こうぞ）、ミツマタ（ジンチョウゲ科）、雁皮（がんぴ）（アオガンピ属の低木）といった植物からとれる靭皮繊維などのパルプです。 ","The main material for kikaisuki washi (machine-made paper) is pulp including the bast fibers of plants such as kozo (paper mulberry), mitsumata (Edgeworthia chrysantha), and gampi (several shrubs of the genus Wikstroemia). "]
[8677,"岐阜県","美濃市","その他","職人","しょくにん","artisans","多くの職人は、美濃和紙の里会館で研修を始め、そこで1か月間和紙作りについて学びます。","Most artisans start their training at the Mino Washi Paper Museum, which offers a month-long course in making washi. "]
[8685,"岐阜県","美濃市","建造物等","土間","どま","tamped","玄関は土間づくりで、右側の作業場へと直接つながっています。","The main entrance hall has a tamped earth floor and leads directly into the workshop on the right. "]
[8686,"岐阜県","美濃市","植物","雁皮","がんぴ","gampi","製紙用パルプの制作に用いられる主な低木は須楮（こうぞ（カジノキ）、ミツマタ、そして雁皮（アオガンピ属の低木）で、いずれも成長周期が短いものです。","The main shrubs for making the paper pulp are kozo (paper mulberry), mitsumata (Edgeworthia chrysantha), and gampi (several shrubs of the genus Wikstroemia), which all have a short growing cycle. "]
[8691,"愛知県","名古屋鉄道株式会社","庭園・公園","枯山水","かれさんすい","dry landscape garden (karesansui)","堀口は池を掘る代わりに、水を細かい白砂で表現した枯山水でこの風景を再現した。","Instead of digging a pond, Horiguchi replicated the scene using a dry landscape garden (karesansui), in which water is represented by fine white gravel."]
[8697,"愛知県","名古屋鉄道株式会社","建造物等","沓脱石","くつぬぎいし","kutsunugi-ishi (“shoe-removal rock”)","1871年、この地に造幣局が新たに設立され、その敷地の一角に当時の茶室の一部で、客が入る前に靴を脱ぐために立ち止まる「沓脱石」が残されている。","A single part of the original tea house survives in one corner of the mint grounds: the kutsunugi-ishi (“shoe-removal rock”), where guests would pause to remove their shoes before entering. ","※「shoe-removal rock」を囲まれている\" \"は場合によって不要。\n※「kutsunugi-ishi」はローマ字であるため、斜体で表記する必要がある。"]
[8702,"愛知県","名古屋鉄道株式会社","植物","孟宗竹","もうそうちく","moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)","孟宗竹の変種とされる。","It is a natural variant of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis).","※「moso」は日本語だが、英語圏で一般的に知られるようになってきているため、長音符（mōsō）は使用しない（Tokyoやdaimyoと同じように）。"]
[8705,"滋賀県","日吉大社","神社・寺院・神仏等","宗教施設","しゅうきょうしせつ","religious structure","比叡山に初めて建てられた恒久的な宗教施設の跡地で、668年頃、天智天皇(626-672)の勅願により建立された。","It enshrines the deity Ōnamuchi no kami, one of the protectors of Japan, and occupies the site of the first permanent religious structure erected on Mt. Hiei. "]
[8709,"滋賀県","日吉大社","その他","流浪人","るろうにん","warrior","奈良から船でやってきた大己貴命が神であることを明かし、流浪人・ことのみたちうしまるを説得して社殿を建てさせ、神官とした伝説の場所である。その神社が現在の日吉大社西本宮である。","This is the legendary spot where Ōnamuchi arrived by boat from Nara, revealed himself to be a deity, and convinced a warrior named Koto no Mitachi Ushimaru to build a shrine and serve there as priest."]
[8714,"滋賀県","日吉大社","神社・寺院・神仏等","神輿の竿","みこしのさお","poles of the mikoshi ","東本宮の拝殿に到着すると、神輿の竿が結ばれ、夫婦の絆が象徴される。その夜、神が宿ると信じられている。","After the deities arrive at the worship hall of the Higashi Hongū, the poles of the mikoshi are tied together, symbolizing the physical union of the couple. "]
[8719,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","時代・歴史組織・団体","近江国","おうみのくに","Omi Province","...近江国（現在の滋賀県）の安土を本拠地とした。","Azuchi, a castle and town in Omi Province (present-day Shiga Prefecture)."]
[8721,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","時代・歴史組織・団体","近江商人","おうみしょうにん","Omi merchants","近江商人は、近江国（現在の滋賀県）の商人で、16世紀から19世紀にかけて全国にその名を轟かせた。","Omi merchants were traveling traders from the province of Omi (now Shiga Prefecture) who made a name for themselves throughout Japan between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries."]
[8729,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","八幡山城","はちまんやまじょう","Hachimanyama Castle","近江八幡は、1585年、豊臣秀次（1568-1595）が八幡山に八幡山城を築き、城下町として誕生した。","Omihachiman was founded as a castle town in 1585, when Toyotomi Hidetsugu (1568–1595) built Hachimanyama Castle on the mountain."]
[8732,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","食","丁稚羊羹","でっちようかん","detchi yokan","ロープウェー入口にあるお土産屋さんは餡子でできている地元の名産品である「丁稚羊羹」などを販売している。","A souvenir shop at the ropeway entrance sells local specialties such as detchi yokan (a traditional sweet made with azuki bean jam)."]
[8737,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","年中行事","だし","だし","dashi","左義長の主な装飾品は「だし」と呼ばれ、松明の前部に取り付けられる。","The main decorative part of the float is called dashi and is attached to the front of the torch."]
[8738,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","年中行事","踊り子","おどりこ","odoriko","左義長は重さ約500キロ、約30人の踊り子が担ぐ。","Each one of the floats weighs around 500 kilograms and is carried by some 30 odoriko, or “dancers.”"]
[8744,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","人物・人名・役職名","西川甚五郎","にしかわじんごろう","Nishikawa Jingoro","西川の成功は、仁右衛門の四男で、1628年に父の後を継いだ西川甚五郎（別名「五郎」、1582-1675）の努力によるところが大きい。","The Nishikawa company’s success was in large part due to the efforts of Nishikawa Jingoro (also Jingo; 1582–1675), the fourth son of Niemon, who took charge of the family business after his father in 1628.","※こちらの名前は「五郎」と表記されることもある。"]
[8749,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","時代・歴史組織・団体","近江ミッション","おうみみっしょん","Omi Mission","1911年、宣教活動の母体となる「近江ミッション」を設立し、滋賀県全域でキリスト教の伝道を開始した。","In 1911, he established the Omi Mission as an umbrella organization for his missionary activities and began spreading the message of Christianity throughout Shiga Prefecture."]
[8752,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","その他","名誉市民","めいよしみん","honorary citizen","ヴォーリズのバイブルクラスは当初不信感を持たれていたが、やがて近江八幡への貢献が認められるようになり、1958年、近江八幡市初の名誉市民となった。","Although Vories’s Bible classes had initially aroused distrust, his contributions to Omihachiman would eventually be recognized, and in 1958, he was made the city’s first honorary citizen."]
[8756,"滋賀県","一般社団法人近江八幡観光物産協会","建造物等","下見板張り","したみいたばり","clapboard","全体的にシンプルで、下見板張りの外壁、切妻屋根、煙突、二重窓など、西洋的な外観が特徴的である。","Simple in overall appearance, the building has a clapboard exterior, gabled roof, chimney, and double-glazed windows that give it a distinctively Western look. "]
[8762,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","人物・人名・役職名","千利休","せんりきゅう","Sen Rikyu","千利休（1522年～1591年）は、わびの美学と、調和、敬意、純粋さ、静けさの原則を取り入れた、今日私たちが知っている「茶道」を確立した茶道家と見なされています。","Sen Rikyu (1522–1591) is considered the tea master who established the “way of tea” as we know it today, incorporating the aesthetics of wabi (cultivated simplicity) and the principles of harmony, respect, purity, and tranquility."]
[8767,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","社会","「一期一会」","いちごいちえ","“ichigo ichie”","「一期一会」（文字通りに言えば「それぞれの出会いは一生に一度」）という慣用句は茶会に深い意味を与えるもう1つの基本的な概念を反映しています。","The phrase “ichigo ichie” (each meeting is once in a lifetime) reflects another fundamental concept that gives deep significance to a tea gathering."]
[8772,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","芸能・興行・イベント","春の曲","はるのきょく","Haru no kyoku","この公演では、生田流の箏奏者が、3曲を披露します。「みだれ」、季節に応じて「春の曲」または「千鳥の曲」、春の桜に関する民謡「さくらさくら」です。","As part of this program, koto musicians of the Ikuta school play three pieces: Midare (Turbulence), Haru no kyoku (Ode to Spring) or Chidori no kyoku (Song of the Plover) depending on the season, and Sakura sakura, a popular tune about spring cherry blossoms."]
[8776,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","人物・人名・役職名","八橋検校","やつはしけんぎょう"," Yatsuhashi Kengyo","八橋検校（1614年～1685年）という名前の盲目の音楽家・作曲家は、現在知られている筝の音楽の基礎を築いたと考えられており、箏を芸術としてより身近なものにしました。","A blind musician and composer named Yatsuhashi Kengyo (1614–1685) is credited with laying the foundations for koto music as it is known today, making it much more accessible as an art."]
[8779,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","時代・歴史組織・団体","池坊","いけのぼう","Ikenobo school","京都で数ある生け花(いけばな)の流派の中でも、日本伝統文化入門公演～ギオンコーナー～では池坊と嵯峨御流が彼らの芸術を披露します。","Of the many schools of ikebana that are active in Kyoto, the Ikenobo and the Saga Goryu schools demonstrate their art during the Gion Corner: Traditional Arts Performance."]
[8784,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","芸能・興行・イベント","烏帽子","えぼし","eboshi","太鼓と伝統的な管楽器を備え、宮廷衣装と烏帽子を着用した少人数の楽師の集団が、この舞の伴奏をしています。","A small group of musicians in court attire and eboshi caps accompanies the dance with drums and traditional wind instruments."]
[8790,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","その他","ユネスコの人類の無形文化遺産の代表的なリスト","ゆねすこのじんるいのむけいぶんかいさんのだいひょうてきなりすと","UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity","舞楽は、2009年に「雅楽」の一部としてユネスコの人類の無形文化遺産の代表的なリストに追加されました。","Bugaku was added to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009 as part of the “Gagaku” inscription."]
[8791,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","芸能・興行・イベント","狂言","きょうげん","kyogen","狂言という演劇は、伝統的に、より長く荘厳な能という演劇の間に上演される短い喜劇です。","Kyogen plays are short comedies traditionally performed between longer, more solemn noh plays."]
[8796,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","芸能・興行・イベント","京舞","きょうまい","Kyomai","彼女たちが実践している芸術の 1 つが、優雅な京舞です。","One of the arts they practice is the elegant Kyomai dance."]
[8799,"京都府","公益財団法人京都伝統伎芸振興財団","芸能・興行・イベント","座敷","ざしき","zashiki","京舞井上流は、座敷という、お客様が歌や舞踊を楽しむ小さな客間で発展しました。","The Inoue-school style of Kyomai was developed in zashiki, relatively small parlors where guests were entertained with song and dance."]
[8807,"京都府","一般社団法人南丹市美山観光まちづくり協会","その他","草履","ぞうり","zori straw sandals","ハイキング、茅葺き体験、草履作りなど、各民宿で独自の体験プログラムが用意されている。","Each guest house has its own program of experiences, which might include options like guided hiking tours, a hands-on class in roof thatching, or making zori straw sandals."]
[8809,"京都府","一般社団法人南丹市美山観光まちづくり協会","食","鮎","あゆ","Ayu (sweetfish)","鮎は美山町の伝統的な食生活に欠かせない貴重な魚である。","Ayu (sweetfish) is a prized catch and an important part of the traditional diet in Miyama."]
[8814,"京都府","一般社団法人南丹市美山観光まちづくり協会","建造物等","北山型農家建築","きたやまがたのうかけんちく","Kitayama style of farmhouse architecture","石田家住宅は、17世紀初頭から京都北部の村々で発展した北山型農家建築の代表格である。","The Ishida House exemplifies the Kitayama style of farmhouse architecture that developed in the villages north of Kyoto in the early seventeenth century."]
[8819,"大阪府","公益財団法人大阪観光局","テーマ施設等","大阪市中央公会堂","おおさかしちゅうおうこうかいどう","Osaka City Central Public Hall","大阪市中央公会堂は、第二次世界大戦前の大阪の最盛期「大大阪時代」の懐かしい面影を残しています。","The Osaka City Central Public Hall is an enduring reminder of Osaka’s pre-World War II heyday, known as the “Great Osaka” period."]
[8823,"大阪府","公益財団法人大阪観光局","芸能・興行・イベント","歌舞伎座","かぶきざ","kabuki theater","まもなく、千日前は道頓堀付近の歌舞伎座にかわるカジュアルで安価なエリアとして定着しました。","Soon Sennichimae became the more casual and inexpensive alternative to the kabuki theaters closer to the Dotonbori Canal."]
[8826,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","一支国","いきこく","kingdom of Iki","紀元前200年頃から350年頃まで、一支国の王都であった原の辻。","Harunotsuji was the capital of the kingdom of Iki from around 200 BCE to 350 CE."]
[8831,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","剣の柄","けん（つるぎ）のつか","sword pommel","また、大和政権の武将のものと考えられるものとして、鳳凰をかたどった金銅製の剣の柄が注目される。","Another notable artifact that could have belonged to a Yamato commander is a gilt-bronze sword pommel decorated with the likeness of a ho-o (fenghuang), the mythological East Asian phoenix. "]
[8837,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","書物","延喜式","えんぎしき","Engishiki","10世紀に朝廷が作成した、法の施行細則をまとめた、そして当時の日本全国の神社が列挙されている「延喜式」には、壱岐にある100以上の神社のうち20数社が記載されている。","Some two dozen of the more than 100 shrines on Iki are mentioned in the tenth-century Engishiki, a compilation of regulations and procedures produced by the imperial court that also listed all the significant shrines in Japan at the time."]
[8842,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","曲輪","くるわ","enclosure","山の尾根に沿った2カ所と標高206メートルの山頂に1カ所、計3カ所の平坦な曲輪と、それらをつなぐ全長約500メートルに及ぶ廊下のような部分からなる。","It consisted of three enclosures built on flattened terraces—two along the mountain’s ridge and one on the 206-meter-high summit—and a connecting corridor that spanned a length of 500 meters."]
[8847,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","植物","ヒトツバタゴ","ひとつばたご","Chinese fringetree (Chionanthus retusus)","ヒトツバタゴ（Chionanthus retusus）は、羽のような白い花を咲かせる低木で、5月上旬に鰐浦周辺の山一面に咲く。","The Chinese fringetree (Chionanthus retusus) is a shrub with featherlike white flower heads that blooms throughout the hills around Waniura in early May."]
[8849,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","書物","かげろう日記","かげろうにっき","Kagero nikki","10世紀の『かげろう日記』に収録された歌には、死後の世界とあの世の狭間である「みみらく」で、いつか亡き母に会えるようにと祈る作者の姿がある。","In a poem included in the tenth-century Kagero nikki (The Mayfly Diary; published in translation as The Gossamer Years), the author prays to one day meet her dead mother at mimiraku, a place between the mortal world and the afterlife."]
[8854,"長崎県","「国境の島」多言語解説協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","遣唐使","けんとうし","kentoshi","遣唐使は外交・通商関係を深めるだけでなく、中国の政治・経済・文化・宗教を学ぶ役割を担っていた。","In addition to cultivating diplomatic and commercial ties, the envoys on these missions, known as kentoshi, were tasked with studying Chinese government, economy, culture, and religion."]
[8856,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","松囃子","まつばやし","matsubayashi","松囃子（まつばやし）と呼ばれる新年の祝賀行事は、歌や太鼓、笛に合わせて踊る、貴族が鑑賞する芸能で、現在も続く伝統行事となった。","A celebratory New Year’s performance called matsubayashi—modeled on performing arts enjoyed by the aristocracy, with dancing accompanied by singing, drums, and flutes—inaugurated a tradition that survives today. "]
[8861,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","岩石・洞窟","垂直割れ目","すいちょくわれめ","vertical fissure","噴火による高温の物質と低温の空気との相互作用によって、垂直割れ目ができている。","The volcanic rock in the gorge contains vertical fissures that were caused by extremely hot matter from a volcanic eruption interacting with cool air."]
[8866,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","その他","石","こく","koku","滝の名前は、1日に流れる平均水量が43万石（7万8千トン）であることに由来しているとされる。","The falls gets its name from the average amount of water flowing through it in a single day: 430,000 koku, equivalent to 78,000 metric tons. "]
[8870,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","人物・人名・役職名","熊本藩の大名","くまもとはんのだいみょう","daimyo lord of the Kumamoto domain","江戸時代には、熊本藩の大名が将軍へ地元のカワノリを献上していたという。","The daimyo lord of the Kumamoto domain would present local kawanori as a gift to the shogun during the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[8877,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","植物","ミズナラ","みずなら","mizunara oak (Quercus crispula)","ブナやミズナラ（Quercus crispula）などの落葉樹は、平均気温が暖帯よりかなり低い山の上で見られる。","Deciduous trees such as beeches and the mizunara oak (Quercus crispula) appear even higher up the mountain"]
[8878,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","植物","キヨスミイトゴケ","きよすみいとごけ","kiyosumi-ito moss (Barbella flagellifera)","渓流沿いの湿潤な環境に生育し、渓谷内の木の枝や岩に20cmほどの大きさになる糸状の鮮やかな緑色のキヨスミイトゴケ（Barbella flagellifera）や、湿った岩を好み、タバコ葉に似た大きな葉を持つイワタバコ（Conandron ramondioides）などが散策路でよく目にすることができる。","Two plants readily visible along the walking paths are the thread-like bright-green kiyosumi-ito moss (Barbella flagellifera), which thrives in the wet and humid conditions near the river and hangs down as much as 20 centimeters from tree branches and rocks throughout the gorge, and the iwatabako (“rock tobacco”; Conandron ramondioides), a species with large, tobacco-like leaves that flourishes on damp rocks."]
[8884,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","動物","ニホンヒキガエル","にほんひきがえる","common toad (Nihon hikigaeru; Bufo japonicus)","体長18cmにもなる日本最大のカエル・ニホンヒキガエル（Bufo japonicus）もよく見られる。","Another frequent sight in the gorge is the local species of common toad (Nihon hikigaeru; Bufo japonicus), which can grow up to 18 centimeters long, making it the largest frog in Japan. "]
[8889,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","動物","ヤマセミ","やませみ","crested kingfisher (yamasemi)","水辺では、背中が灰色で腹部が鮮やかなレモンイエローのキセキレイや、体長40cmほどで頭に尖った羽を持つ白黒のヤマセミもよく見かけられる。","Often seen close to the water are the gray wagtail (kisekirei), whose back is gray and belly a bright lemon yellow, and the black and white crested kingfisher (yamasemi), which grows up to 40 centimeters long and sports a prominent spiky crest on its head. "]
[8894,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","動物","ヤマメ","やまめ","yamame (landlocked masu salmon)","ヤマメは泳ぎが速く、体長35cmにもなるサクラマスの陸封型である。","The yamame (landlocked masu salmon) is a fast swimmer that can grow up to 35 centimeters long. "]
[8896,"熊本県","（阿蘇くじゅう国立公園）国立公園満喫プロジェクト阿蘇くじゅう国立公園地域協議会","郷土景観","井手","いで","ide irrigation canal","17世紀以降、山間部や乾燥した土地に水を運ぶための用水路・井手が整備され、水田化が進み、農業の効率と規模はさらに拡大した。","From the seventeenth century onward, the efficacy and extent of farming received a further boost from the construction of ide irrigation canals, built to carry water across dry or mountainous terrain so that more land could be converted into paddy fields."]
[8901,"熊本県","人吉市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","縮図","しゅくず","microcosm","人吉・球磨は、古代の埋葬習慣がわかる遺跡から、武家の盛衰を伝えるものまで、近代以前の日本史の縮図が分かるエリアです。","Hitoyoshi Kuma is a microcosm of pre-modern Japanese history, ranging from sites that reveal ancient burial practices, to those that tell the story of the rise and fall of the samurai class."]
[8908,"熊本県","人吉市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ","キャニオニング","きゃにおにんぐ","canyoning","時は移り変わり、球磨川は、ラフティングからカヌーまで、レクリエーション・アクティビティの目的地へと発展していきました。","Over time, the river has become a destination for recreational activities, from rafting to canyoning. "]
[8912,"熊本県","人吉市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","植物","牡丹","ぼたん","peony","牡丹に囲まれて戯れる神話上の獅子の彫刻、雲から現れる龍の彫刻、また藤や他の花々を繊細に表した彫刻とともに、儒教の教えが描かれています。","They appear alongside carvings of mythical lions frolicking among peonies, dragons emerging from clouds, and delicate renderings of wisteria and other blossoms. "]
[8913,"熊本県","人吉市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","史跡","玄室","げんしつ","burial chambers","人吉駅裏にある大村遺跡群には、26基の玄室が崖面に彫られています。","Twenty-six burial chambers are carved into a cliff at the Omura archaeological site behind Hitoyoshi Station. "]
[8918,"熊本県","人吉市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","反乱","はんらん","uprising","1877年、この住宅は、武士の西郷隆盛 (1828～1877年) が明治政府に対し反乱を起こした際に、西郷を支持した人吉隊の拠点となりました。西南戦争として知られるこの反乱は、失敗に終わりました。","In 1877, the residence served as a base for Hitoyoshi troops supporting samurai Saigo Takamori (1828–1877) in his unsuccessful uprising against the Meiji government, known as the Satsuma Rebellion. "]
[8924,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","山岳","長雲山系","ながくもさんけい","Nagakumo Mountains","奄美自然観察の森は奄美大島の北部にある長雲山系の頂上に位置している。","The Amami Nature Observation Forest sits atop the Nagakumo Mountains, a range in the northern part of the island."]
[8927,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","自然現象","黒潮","くろしお","Kuroshio current","奄美大島のサンゴ礁は、黒潮の強く早い流れにより発達している。","The development of Amami-Oshima’s reefs is largely due to the Kuroshio current. "]
[8931,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","スダジイ","すだじい","chinquapin oak","スダジイの実（またはドングリ）は小さく、通常約1㎝以下である。","The fruit (or nut) of the chinquapin oak is small, usually less than 1 centimeter wide. "]
[8936,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","シマオオタニワタリ","しまおおたにわたり","bird's nest fern","シマオオタニワタリは、岩や樹皮に着生する着生植物である。","The bird's nest fern is what is known as an epiphyte, a plant that grows on rocks or the bark of trees. "]
[8941,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","フジノカンアオイ","ふじのかんあおい","fuji wild ginger","奄美大島に生育するカンアオイ属の中で最もよくみられるフジノカンアオイは、川沿いや山の湿った斜面に自生している。","The most common of the wild gingers that grow here, the fuji wild ginger is found along streams and other moist areas on the lower slopes of the mountains. "]
[8947,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","ヤッコソウ","やっこうそう","samurai’s footman ","寄生植物であるヤッコソウは、自ら養分をつくり出すための緑の葉を必要としないため、淡い白色の姿をしており、その色は経年とともに濃くなっていく。","As a parasite, the samurai’s footman doesn’t need green leaves to produce its own nutrients, so its color is a pale white that darkens as it ages."]
[8948,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","ガジュマル","がじゅまる","curtain fig","ガジュマルは日本の南部からオーストラリアやインドの亜熱帯地域に多く分布する。","The curtain fig grows mostly in tropical regions from southern Japan to Australia and India."]
[8956,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","タイミンタチバナ","たいみんたちばな","great Ming marlberry","タイミンタチバナは、奄美大島のようにスダジイの木が生い茂る森林でよくみられる。","The great Ming marlberry is often found in forests where there are many chinquapin oaks, like those of Amami-Oshima. "]
[8959,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","アマミフユイチゴ","あまみふゆいちご"," Amami winter berry","アマミフユイチゴは奄美大島と徳之島のみに自生する。","The wild Amami winter berry grows only on Amami-Oshima and neighboring Tokunoshima Island. "]
[8964,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","ソテツ","そてつ","sago palm","数百年をかけてゆっくりと成長するソテツは、植物学者が「ソテツの時代」と呼ぶジュラ紀（2億100万年～1億4500万年前）に非常に繁茂した。","Sago palm trees grow very slowly over hundreds of years, and were so abundant during the Jurassic period (201 to 145 million years ago) that botanists refer to that epoch as the “Age of Sago Palms.” "]
[8965,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","クワズイモ","くわずいも","inedible taro","クワズイモは、見た目がタロイモに似ているものの、その根は実は毒を持っており、食べることはできない。","While the inedible taro looks similar to taro, the root is not edible—in fact, it is poisonous. "]
[8971,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","リュウキュウマツ","りゅうきゅうまつ","Okinawa pine","リュウキュウマツは琉球諸島唯一のマツ科の固有種である。","The Okinawa pine is the only pine tree endemic to the Ryukyu Islands. "]
[8974,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","植物","アマシバ","あましば","sweet leaf","アマシバという名称は、その若葉の味に由来する。","The sweet leaf’s name refers to the taste of its young leaves. "]
[8982,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","シロハラ","しろはら","pale thrush","シロハラは群れで渡りをするが、それ以外は単独か少数で行動する。","The pale thrush migrates in flocks, but otherwise is seen solo or in small groups."]
[8983,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","ズアカアオバト ","ずあかあおばと ","Ryukyu green pigeon ","奄美大島に生息するハト４種のうちの１種であるズアカアオバトは、日本南部の島々の固有種で、ハトとしては唯一の日本の固有種でもある。","One of four members of the pigeon family found on Amami-Oshima, the Ryukyu green pigeon is endemic to Japan’s southern islands, and the only pigeon known to be endemic to Japan."]
[8989,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","キアシシギ","きあししぎ","gray-tailed tattler","キアシシギの和名は、他のシギ類より短い黄色の脚にちなんでつけられた。","The gray-tailed tattler gets its Japanese name, kiashi-shigi, from its yellow (ki) legs (ashi), which are shorter than those of most sandpipers."]
[8994,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","ダイサギ","だいさぎ","great egret","ダイサギは名前の通り、大型（84～94cm）の白い鳥で、普段は黄色で繁殖期には黒くなる長く強力なくちばしを持つ。","The great egret, as its name suggests, is a large (84 to 94 centimeters long) white bird, with a long, powerful bill that is black during breeding season and yellow at other times. "]
[8999,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","アマミトゲネズミ","あまみとげねずみ","Amami spiny rat","絶滅危惧種のため研究が難しいものの、研究者はアマミトゲネズミが600万年から200万年前に徳之島のトゲネズミから分化した固有種であるとしている。","While its standing as an endangered species makes the Amami spiny rat a difficult subject for research, scientists have determined that it is an endemic species that separated from a similar spiny rat on the neighboring island of Tokunoshima between 6 million and 2 million years ago."]
[9003,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","オットンガエル","おっとんがえる","Otton frog","オットンガエルは主に森の中の渓流付近におり、昆虫やカタツムリを食べる。","The Otton frog is found for the most part near streams in forest areas, where it feeds on insects and snails. "]
[9006,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","イボイモリ","いぼいもり","Anderson’s crocodile newt ","危険を感じると、イボイモリは肋骨を広げて体を大きく見せる。","When threatened, it spreads its rib cage to appear larger. "]
[9013,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","キイロスジボタル","きいろすじぼたる","dust yellow firefly","夏に見られるキイロスジボタルは、点滅しない安定した淡い光を放つ。","The dust yellow firefly emits a weak light that is steady, rather than blinking, and can be seen in the summer."]
[9017,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","アカボシゴマダラ ","あかぼしごまだら ","red ring skirt","アカボシゴマダラは奄美大島の在来種とされているが、日本の内地で見られるものはアジアから持ち込まれた外来種とみなされている。","While these butterflies are considered native to Amami-Oshima, the red ring skirt found in mainland Japan is considered an invasive species artificially introduced from the Asian continent."]
[9018,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","リュウキュウアサギマダラ ","りゅうきゅうあさぎまだら ","Ryukyu blue glassy tiger ","12月から2月にかけて、リュウキュウアサギマダラの群れは、海岸沿いの森や風を避けられる谷で越冬する。","From December to February, the Ryukyu blue glassy tiger can be seen wintering in large groups in coastal forest areas and valleys protected from the wind. "]
[9022,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","オキナワハクセンシオマネキ","おきなわはくせんしおまねき","Okinawa fiddler crab","奄美大島に7種いるシオマネキの一種、オキナワハクセンシオマネキ は、マングローブの砂地に生息する。","The Okinawa fiddler crab, one of seven species of fiddler crab on Amami-Oshima, is found on sandy mangrove mudflats."]
[9029,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","海岸・岬","大島海峡","おおしまかいきょう"," Oshima strait ","奄美大島と加計呂麻島の間にある大島海峡は、全長およそ20kmで、北西から南東にかけてのびており、幅は2～6kmである。","The Oshima strait between the islands of Amami-Oshima and Kakeroma is about 20 kilometers long, running northwest to southeast and ranging from 2 to 6 kilometers in width. "]
[9034,"鹿児島県","（奄美群島国立公園）一般社団法人あまみ大島観光物産連盟","動物","ミナミトビハゼ","みなみとびはぜ","barred mudskipper","ミナミトビハゼは、4月から5月にかけて川を上り、12月から2月に下流で過ごすために再び川を下るまでそこにとどまる。","In April and May, barred mudskippers swim upstream, where they stay until returning to the lower reaches of the river between December and February."]
[9036,"沖縄県","（西表石垣国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","カンムリワシ","かんむりわし","crested serpent eagle","島で最も重要で、近絶滅種と指定されているのがイリオモテヤマネコであり（中略）中型の猛禽類のカンムリワシ等もいる。","Among the rarest and most important animal species on the island are the critically endangered Iriomote cat, … and the crested serpent eagle, a medium-sized bird of prey. "]
[9041,"沖縄県","（西表石垣国立公園）環境省沖縄奄美自然環境事務所","動物","ミナミトビハゼ「トントンミー」","みみとんびはぜ「とんとんみー」","mudskipper","ミナミトビハゼは珍しい水陸両用魚で、泥を跳ねて移動し、島の方言では「トントンミー」と呼ばれている。","One curious creature to watch for is the mudskipper, a burrow-dwelling amphibious fish that hops across the mud and is known in the local dialect as ton ton mii."]
[9046,"群馬県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（草津）","レジャー・アクティビティ","ゲレンデ\n（自然地形を生かした）","げれんで","piste","姉妹ゲレンデの青葉山第一ゲレンデほど急斜面ではありませんが、このゲレンデもスリル満点で、挑戦を求める本格的なスキーヤーにおすすめです。\n","While not as steep as its sister slope Aobayama Dai-ichi, this piste still packs a punch and is recommended for serious skiers up for a challenge."]
[9050,"群馬県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（草津）","植物","リョウブ","りょうぶ","japanese clethra","このコースは、カラマツやミズナラ、リョウブやダケカンバ、ナナカマドに囲まれた緩やかな登り坂からスタートします。\n","Start with a gentle climb among Japanese larch, Mongolian oak, Japanese clethra, Erman’s birch, and Japanese rowan."]
[9053,"群馬県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（草津）","植物","ウツギ","うつぎ","deutzia","コースのスタート地点付近では、ウツギのドライフラワーの茂みが雪の下から顔を覗かせています。そしてゴール付近には、紅葉したガマズミの木の色鮮やかな赤い実が。ぜひ目を凝らしてご覧ください。\n","Keep your eyes peeled for the delicate dried flowers of the deutzia shrub peeking out from under the snow near the trailhead, and the vibrant red berries of the scarlet leaved viburnum near the trail’s end."]
[9060,"群馬県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（草津）","自然現象","雪崩","なだれ","snow slides","安全のための注意点：谷沢川コースでは、雪崩が起こる危険があります。そのため、森の美しさに浸りすぎず、十分に用心してください。\n","A quick note on safety: snow slides are a possibility along the Yazawagawa Trail, so even as you bask in the beauty of the forest, please remain vigilant."]
[9064,"群馬県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（草津）","植物","アザレア","あざれあ","azalea","春5月から6月にかけて、桃色のイワナシやアザレア、シャクナゲが花を咲かせます。\n","In spring look for the pink Epigaea asiatica, azaleas, and rhododendrons that bloom in May and June. "]
[9069,"群馬県","Mt.６多言語解説整備協議会（草津）","植物","ヒカリゴケ","ひかりごけ","luminous moss","コースに沿って、薄暗がりや岩の洞窟のあちこちで、ヒカリゴケがぼんやりと光を放っています。\n","Along the trail’s edges, here and there luminous moss grows in shadowy corners and rocky caves. "]
[9074,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","開拓者精神","かいたくしゃせいしん","pioneer spirit","19世紀にニシンにより財を成すために北の前哨基地に移住してきた漁師をはじめとして、小樽は開拓者精神により突き動かされてきました。","Starting with the fishermen who moved to this northern outpost to make their fortunes from herring in the nineteenth century, Otaru has been driven by a pioneer spirit. "]
[9076,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","現存している","げんぞんしている","extant","これは日本で最も古い現存している煉瓦造機関庫で、1885年に完成しました。","This is the oldest extant brick depot in Japan and was completed in 1885, with bays to accommodate three locomotives. "]
[9081,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","建造物等","防波堤","ぼうはてい","breakwater","旧手宮石炭桟橋近くのコンクリート製の防波堤は、石狩湾を横切り1,289メートルにわたり延びています。","A concrete breakwater stretches 1,289 meters across the bay near the former Temiya Coal Pier. "]
[9083,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","凝灰石","ぎょうかいがん","tuff stone","小樽と札幌で採れた凝灰石を木材の骨組みに固定して造られています。","They are built from tuff stone from Otaru and Sapporo, fixed to a timber framework. "]
[9088,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","投機する","とうきする","speculate","一部の卸売業者は北海道産の豆類などの生活必需品に投機しました。","Some wholesalers made their fortunes by speculating on commodities such as beans grown in Hokkaido."]
[9093,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","工芸・美術","金唐紙","きんからかみ","kinkarakami, gilded and embossed Japanese paper","2階は寄木張りの床が敷き詰められ、装飾石膏の造形が施された会議室や専用ラウンジがあり、ヨーロッパのギルトレザーに似せた金箔が張られ、浮彫が施された日本の紙である金唐紙の壁紙が貼られています。","On the second floor, a conference room and private lounge include parquet floors and decorative plaster moldings, and the walls are papered with kinkarakami, gilded and embossed Japanese paper that resembles European gilt leather.","※「kinkarakami」は日本語の名称で英語ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[9099,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","誠実さ","せいじつさ","integrity","銀行は、富、誠実さ、安定性を表現するために古典的な建築様式を採用しました。","Banks adopted classical architectural styles to express wealth, integrity, and stability. "]
[9104,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","郷土景観","うだつ","うだつ","udatsu firewalls","堺町通り沿いには、建物の正面に「うだつ」（防火壁）が上げられている場所が5箇所ありますが、金子元三郎商店はそのうちの1つです。","The store is one of five along Sakaimachi Street that has udatsu firewalls at the front of the building. "]
[9107,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","委託販売","いたくはんばい","consignment sales","北海雑穀株式会社は、1907年に堺町通りにて開業し、1931年に廃業するまで、雑穀やその他の小穀物の委託販売や取引を行っていました。","The Hokkai Millet Company opened on Sakaimachi Street in 1907 and engaged in consignment sales and trade of millet and other grains until they went out of business in 1931."]
[9111,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","殺到しました","さっとうしました","bring an influx","ニシンが豊富に採れたことで漁師や商人は裕福になり、「ニシンのゴールドラッシュ」の恩恵にあずかろうと富を求める人々が町に殺到しました。","The abundance of herring made fishermen and traders wealthy and brought an influx of fortune seekers looking to make the most of the “herring gold rush.” "]
[9116,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","その他","草の根","くさのね","grassroots","1960年代に新しい道路を作るために運河を埋め立てる計画が持ち上がると、小樽の文化遺産を保全しようという草の根運動に繋がりました。","Plans to fill in the canal to make new roads in the 1960s led to a grassroots effort to preserve Otaru’s cultural heritage."]
[9121,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","建造物等","スパイラルシュート","スパイラルシュート","spiral chute","スパイラルシュートが特徴的な外観は夜間ライトアップされています。","The exterior, with its distinctive spiral chutes, is illuminated at night."]
[9123,"北海道","小樽市日本遺産推進協議会","社会","近代化","きんだいか","modernize","彼は毎年故郷に戻り、小樽が急速に近代化し、自然環境が変化する様子を描写しました。","He returned to his hometown every year, capturing the city as it rapidly modernized, and its natural environment changed. "]
[9128,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園地域協議会","温泉","湯治","とうじ","toji","人々は苦労しながらも湯治場と呼ばれるこの地の宿に湯治に訪れていました。","people went for lengthy hot-spring cures (toji) at the inns, which were known as tojiba. "]
[9135,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園地域協議会","書物","日本百名山","にほんひゃくめいざん","One Hundred Mountains of Japan","ちなみに、この2山はどちらも登山家・深田久弥氏がお気に入りの百山を紹介し、成仁親王（現天皇）が好意的なコメントを寄せたことでベストセラーとなった1964年の名著『日本百名山』に取り上げられています。","Incidentally, both mountains are listed in One Hundred Mountains of Japan, a 1964 classic in which mountaineer Fukada Kyuya described his favorite 100 summits; it became a bestseller following praise for the book from Prince Naruhito, who became Emperor of Japan in 2019."]
[9139,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園地域協議会","温泉","湯浴み着","ゆあみぎ","yuamigi","バスタオルを身体に巻く方が多かったのですが、それでは不便なこともあるので、タオルの会社を見つけて自分でタオル地から湯あみ着を作り始めました。","People often wrap themselves in bath towels, but they’re not the most convenient thing, so I found a towel company and started making yuamigi bath garments from toweling."]
[9140,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園地域協議会","温泉","オンドル","おんどる","ondoru","地熱で温まった地面を利用して身体を温めるこの仕組みはオンドルと呼ばれます。","This system of warming the body atop geothermally heated ground is called ondoru. "]
[9146,"青森県","（十和田八幡平国立公園）十和田八幡平国立公園地域協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ　","慰安旅行","いあんりょこう","company junkets","ツアーの団体客や会社の慰安旅行客で溢れかえっていない温泉を積極的に求めている人がかなりたくさんいました。","a significant minority of people were actively looking for quieter hot springs that were not overrun by tour groups and company junkets."]
[9151,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）裏磐梯ビジターセンター自然体験活動運営協議会","自然現象","泥流","でいりゅう","mudflow","1888年にこの火山が噴火したとき、猪苗代で86人の住民が泥流により亡くなりました。","In 1888 when the volcano erupted, 86 people from Inawashiro perished in a mudflow."]
[9154,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）裏磐梯ビジターセンター自然体験活動運営協議会","社会","情報共有","じょうほうきょうゆう","information-sharing","日本国内のジオパークの監視、認定に加え、日本ジオパークネットワークは、交流会や情報共有イベントの開催、自然災害被災地への支援も行っています。","In addition to overseeing and certifying the geoparks in Japan, the JGN holds information-sharing events and offers support to areas that have been affected by natural disasters."]
[9158,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）裏磐梯ビジターセンター自然体験活動運営協議会","動物","クロサンショウウオ","くろさんしょううお","Japanese black salamander","ツキノワグマが森の中で食べるものを探し回っている間に、クロサンショウウオ（学名：Hynobius nigrescens）も冬眠から目を覚し、昆虫や蜘蛛やサワガニを食べます。","While the bears forage in the forest, the Japanese black salamander (Hynobius nigrescens) also comes out of hibernation, feeding on insects, spiders, and freshwater crabs."]
[9163,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）裏磐梯ビジターセンター自然体験活動運営協議会","植物","ポプラ","ぽぷら","aspen","そよ風が、ポプラの木のてっぺんを通り抜け、ガサガサと音を立て、小川がさらさらと流れています。","A breeze rustles through the tops of aspen trees while a stream burbles gently."]
[9168,"福島県","（磐梯朝日国立公園）裏磐梯ビジターセンター自然体験活動運営協議会","自然現象","土石流","どせきりゅう","debris flow","この1.2キロメートルの平坦な散策路を進むと、噴火後に土石流により形成された小高い丘の横を通り、中瀬沼近くにある展望台に行くことができます。","This level, 1.2-kilometer trail takes hikers past small hills formed by debris flows after the eruption, to an observation deck near the pond."]
[9174,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","滝","奥日光三名瀑","おくにっこうさんめいばく","Okunikko’s “Three Great Falls”","コースの終点は、奥日光三名瀑に数えられる竜頭 (Dragon’s Head)ノ滝です。","Ryuzu (Dragon’s Head) Falls, one of Okunikko’s “Three Great Falls,” is the trail destination."]
[9175,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","湖沼","涸沼","かれぬま","Karenuma Swamp","コースの湖より光徳側では途中、道中数少ない開けたエリアのひとつである涸沼を通ります。","\nThe trail on the Kotoku side of the lakes passes Karenuma Swamp, one of the few open areas along the route."]
[9182,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","動物","キビタキ","きびたき","narcissus flycatcher","また、夏と冬の戦場ヶ原湿原は、水辺に生息するオシドリや色鮮やかなキビタキなど、さまざまな渡り鳥の中継地でもあります。","It is also a staging area in summer and winter for a wide variety of migratory birds, such as mandarin ducks in aquatic areas and the colorful narcissus flycatchers. "]
[9186,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","岩石・洞窟","白龍","はくりゅう","the rocks of Hakuryu","下流部の「白龍」の岩石は、流紋岩という細かい粒子と白っぽい見た目が特徴のシリカを多く含む火山岩が大半を占めます。 ","The rocks of Hakuryu, the downriver section, are predominantly rhyolite, a silica-rich volcanic rock characterized by its fine grain and a white appearance. "]
[9192,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","河川・渓谷","懸谷","けんこく","hanging valley","虹見の滝は、大きな渓谷の上に形成される浅い渓谷である「懸谷（hanging valley）」に分類されます。","Nijimi Falls is categorized as a “hanging valley,” a specific type of shallow canyon that forms over a larger one."]
[9193,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","人物・人名・役職名","高龍命","たかおのみこと"," Takao no Mikoto","この神社は、近隣の2つの温泉、鬼怒川温泉と川治温泉の守護神「龍王」である高龍命（たかおのみこと）を祀っています。","The shrine venerates Takao no Mikoto, the “Dragon King” guardian deity of the two nearby hot springs, Kinugawa and Kawaji. "]
[9198,"東京都","皇居三の丸尚蔵館","その他","一期一会","いちごいちえ","ichigo ichie","その結果、三の丸での各展示は、日本のことわざ「一期一会」を思い起こさせるユニークな体験となります。このことわざは「一生に一度の出会い」と訳され、つかの間の人生の繰り返せない瞬間、特に卓越した芸術との出会いの貴重さを表しています。","Often translated as “a once-in-a-lifetime encounter,” ichigo ichie refers to life’s fleeting, unrepeatable moments."]
[9201,"東京都","皇居三の丸尚蔵館","神社・寺院・神仏等","神の使い","かみのつかい","divine envoys","鹿は春日大社の５柱の神の使いとされ、この場面での彼らの存在は、蔵俊への神々の承認を示しています。","Deer are considered divine envoys of the five Kasuga deities, and their presence in the scene indicates Zoshun has gained the deities’ approval."]
[9209,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","郷土景観","山古志","やまこし","Yamakoshi","長岡市山古志地域は、「生きた宝石」と呼ばれるほど美しい錦鯉の生産地として知られています。","The Yamakoshi area of Nagaoka is known for breeding and raising nishikigoi, multicolored ornamental carp considered beautiful enough to be called “living jewels.”"]
[9210,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","郷土景観","錦鯉","にしきごい","nishikigoi","長岡市山古志地域は、「生きた宝石」と呼ばれるほど美しい錦鯉の生産地として知られています。","The Yamakoshi area of Nagaoka is known for breeding and raising nishikigoi, multicolored ornamental carp considered beautiful enough to be called “living jewels.”"]
[9216,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","長岡市山古志支所","ながおかしやまこしししょ","Yamakoshi Branch Office of Nagaoka City Hall ","長岡市山古志支所の屋外や、隣接するやまこし復興交流館おらたる内の水槽では、大きく生き生きとした錦鯉が泳ぐ姿を見られます。","Large, brightly colored carp can be seen swimming in a pool outside the Yamakoshi Branch Office of Nagaoka City Hall and in an aquarium inside the neighboring Orataru Culture Exchange Center."]
[9221,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","海岸・岬","日本海","にほんかい","Sea of Japan","寺泊魚の市場通りは日本海から徒歩圏内にあり、海の近くで食事や買い物を楽しむことができます。","Teradomari Fish Market Street is located within walking distance of the Sea of Japan coast, allowing visitors to enjoy food and shopping near the ocean."]
[9225,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","集落・街","北国街道","ほっこくかいどう","Hokkoku Kaido","寺泊には北国街道と三国街道という2つの主要な交易路が通っており、現在の長野県と群馬県の大きな商業の中心地へと通じていました。","Two important trading roads, Hokkoku Kaido and Mikuni Kaido, ran from Teradomari to large centers of commerce in present-day Nagano and Gunma Prefectures, respectively."]
[9228,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","番屋汁","ばんやじる","banyajiru","また、日替わりの具材を使った海鮮汁「番屋汁」も名物です。","Another specialty is banyajiru, a savory seafood soup made with ingredients that change daily."]
[9233,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","海鮮丼","かいせんどん","kaisendon","人気メニューは海鮮丼（ご飯の上に生の魚介類を乗せたもの）や寿司、そしてカニ料理などです。","Popular menu options include kaisendon (bowls of rice topped with raw seafood), sushi, and crab dishes."]
[9239,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","テーマ施設等","山古志闘牛場","やまこしとうぎゅうじょう","Yamakoshi Bullring","大会は5月から11月まで、月に1～2回週末に山古志闘牛場で開催されます。","Tournaments are held from May through November, taking place on weekends once or twice a month at the Yamakoshi Bullring. "]
[9244,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","集落・街","現魚沼市","うおぬまし","Uonuma","小松倉には雑貨店や病院がなく、住民は医療や一部の日用品を近くの広神村と小出（いずれも現魚沼市）に頼らなければなりませんでした。","Komatsugura did not have a general store or a hospital, so the residents had to rely on the nearby villages, Hirokami and Koide (both in present-day Uonuma), for medical treatment and certain daily necessities."]
[9245,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","社会","日中戦争","にっちゅうせんそう","Second Sino-Japanese War","手作業による掘削は速度が遅いことに加えて、洪水や資金調達の問題により遅れが生じ、さらに日中戦争（1937年～1945年）が原因で建設が4年間中断となりました。","In addition to the slow speed of manual digging, flooding and fundraising issues lead to delays, and the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) caused a four-year interruption in construction."]
[9249,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","人物・人名・役職名","高橋家","たかはしけ","Takahashi family","巴ヶ丘山荘は裕福な高橋家によって1896年に建てられ、周囲にはモミジや桜が植わる大きな庭園を有しています。","Tomoegaoka Villa was built in 1896 by the affluent Takahashi family, and a large garden with maple and cherry trees was planted around it."]
[9256,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","神社・寺院・神仏等","観音菩薩","かんのんぼさつ","Kannon Bodhisattva","境内には観音菩薩などの石仏が安置されています。","Several stone Buddhist sculptures, including one of Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion, are placed throughout the grounds."]
[9261,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","寄棟造","よせむねづくり","yosemune-zukuri ","山荘は寄棟造平屋建てです。","The villa is a single-story, hipped-roof structure built in the yosemune-zukuri architecture style."]
[9263,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","もみじの間","もみじのま","Momiji no Ma","内部には茶室と「桜の間」、「もみじの間」、「囲炉裏の間」、「松の間」などのポエム的な名前が付けられたいくつかの伝統的な座敷があります。","Inside, there is a tea room and several traditional parlors with poetic names such as Sakura no Ma (“cherry chamber”), Momiji no Ma (“maple chamber”), Irori no Ma (“hearth chamber”), and Matsuki no Ma (“pine chamber”)."]
[9268,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","時代・歴史組織・団体","朝日酒造","あさひしゅぞう","Asahi-Shuzo Sake Brewing Company","朝日酒造の創立者である平澤與之助（生1885年）の旧住宅は1934年に完成し、伝統的な日本の建築とアール・デコ調の要素が巧みに組み合わされています。","The former residence of Hirasawa Yonosuke (b. 1885), the founder of Asahi-Shuzo Sake Brewing Company, was completed in 1934 and skillfully combines traditional Japanese architecture and art deco-inspired elements. "]
[9272,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","建造物等","松籟の間","しょうらいのま","Shorai no Ma","小座敷を通り、正玄関を入ってすぐのところに、「松籟の間」という応接室があります。","Past a small parlor or through the anteroom just inside the main entrance is the Shorai no Ma reception room."]
[9279,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","醪","もろみ","sake mash","これは、麹（カビで培養した蒸米）を作るための特別なカビの繁殖や醪（酵母、更に蒸米、麹、水の混合物）の発酵速度などの制御に役立ちます。","This helps control the propagation of the special mold for making koji (steamed rice cultivated with the mold) and the fermentation rate of the sake mash: a mixture of yeast, more steamed rice, koji, and water."]
[9280,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","越後国","えちごのくに","Echigo Province","越後国（現在の新潟県）の酒造家は、何世紀にもわたって地域の気候や自然の恵みを最大限に活かすために経験を積み、技術を磨き続けてきました。","Over the centuries, sake brewers in Echigo Province (present-day Niigata Prefecture) built on their experience and honed their skills to make the most of the region’s climate and natural bounty."]
[9287,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","タレかつ","たれかつ","tarekatsu","栃尾のあぶらげや新潟風タレかつ、日本海で獲れた新鮮な魚介類などの郷土料理を様々な酒と合わせて、長岡の味と雰囲気を感じられるお料理としてお楽しみください。","Tochio aburage deep-fried tofu, Niigata-style tarekatsu pork cutlets, and fresh seafood caught in the Sea of Japan can be paired with different kinds of sake to create meals that capture the flavors and the atmosphere of Nagaoka."]
[9291,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","端午の節句","たんごのせっく","Tango no Sekku","新潟県では、子供の日としても知られる端午の節句の5月初旬のお祝いに笹団子を食べる習慣が古くからあります。","In Niigata Prefecture, there is a long-standing custom of eating sasa dango for the early May celebration of Tango no Sekku (also known as Children’s Day)."]
[9296,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","へぎそば","へぎそば","hegi soba","「へぎそば」として知られている新潟県のそばは、海藻をつなぎとして使用し、一口大に巻いて「へぎ」と呼ばれるトレイに盛り付けて提供されます。","A variety of soba (buckwheat noodles) from Niigata Prefecture, known as hegi soba, is made with seaweed as a binding agent and served coiled into bite-sized portions on a tray called a hegi."]
[9301,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","食","七味","しちみ","shichimi","一般的には、刻みネギ、わさび、七味、すりゴマなどがチョイスされます。","Common choices include chopped spring onions, wasabi, shichimi spice, and ground sesame seeds."]
[9303,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","動植物園・水族館","越後丘陵公園","えちごきゅうりょうこうえん","Echigo Hillside Park ","越後丘陵公園は、長岡市の西端に位置する国営公園で、その広大なレクリエーションエリアには手入れのゆき届いた庭園や自然遊歩道、そして豊富な屋内外のアトラクションがあります。","The Echigo Hillside Park is a national government park on the western edge of Nagaoka with a vast recreational area that contains carefully landscaped gardens, nature trails, and an abundance of indoor and outdoor attractions. ","※日本語の公式名は「国営越後丘陵公園」。"]
[9306,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","動植物園・水族館","香りのバラ園","かおりのばらえん","Fragrant Rose Garden","健康ゾーンで最も人気のある場所の1つは、「香りのバラ園」です。曲がりくねった小道があり、約800種、2,400本の色とりどりのバラの茂みの中をゆっくりと散策できます。","One of the most popular attractions in the Kenko Zone is the Fragrant Rose Garden, where winding paths allow for a leisurely stroll among 2,400 colorful rose bushes representing around 800 species."]
[9314,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","動植物園・水族館","八海山","はっかいさん","Mt. Hakkai","遊歩道は、越後三山（八海山、越後駒ヶ岳、中ノ岳）と周囲の風景を一望できる展望ポイントへと続いています。","The trail leads to an observation point with a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape and the Three Mountains of Echigo (Mt. Hakkai, Mt. Echigo-Komagatake, and Mt. Nakanodake)."]
[9315,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","動植物園・水族館","越後駒ヶ岳","えちごこまがたけ"," Mt. Echigo-Komagatake","遊歩道は、越後三山（八海山、越後駒ヶ岳、中ノ岳）と周囲の風景を一望できる展望ポイントへと続いています。","The trail leads to an observation point with a panoramic view of the surrounding landscape and the Three Mountains of Echigo (Mt. Hakkai, Mt. Echigo-Komagatake, and Mt. Nakanodake)."]
[9320,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","動植物園・水族館","ツワブキ","つわぶき","Japanese silverleaf (tsuwabuki)","秋に花を咲かせるのは、アカバナ、ヒガンバナ、ムラサキシキブ、リンドウ、ツワブキなどがあります。","The species that bloom in autumn include willow herb, red spider lily, Japanese beautyberry, gentian, and Japanese silverleaf (tsuwabuki)."]
[9326,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","庭園・公園","商家・大坂屋","しょうか・おおさかや","Osakaya merchant family","三輪家はもともと越中国（現在の富山県）の武家でしたが、のちに長岡に移り住み、商家・大坂屋で職を見つけました。","The Miwa family originally belonged to the warrior class of Etchu Province (present-day Toyama Prefecture), but later moved to Nagaoka and found employment with the Osakaya merchant family."]
[9331,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","庭園・公園","観音堂","かんのんどう","Kannondo Hall","積翠菴の先には小さな観音堂があり、14世紀に彫られたとされる十一面観音像が安置されています。","Beyond Sekisui’an is a small Kannondo Hall that enshrines an eleven-headed sculpture of Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion, thought to have been carved in the fourteenth century."]
[9334,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","庭園・公園","維馨尼","いきょうに","Ikyoni","時折別荘を訪れ、特に6代当主の娘である維馨尼と弟の佐一とそれぞれ親交を深めました。","He sometimes visited the villa and was particularly close with Ikyoni and Saichi, the daughter and the younger brother of the sixth head of the family, respectively."]
[9338,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","神社・寺院・神仏等","本山","ほんざん","honzan","妙法寺は、信越地方（現在の新潟県と長野県）に最初に建てられた日蓮宗の本山寺院です。","Myohoji Temple was the first honzan (head temple)of the Nichiren school of Buddhism built in the Shin’etsu region (present-day Niigata and Nagano Prefectures)."]
[9343,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","人物・人名・役職名","風間信昭","かざまのぶあき","Kazama Nobuaki","妙法寺は、日蓮の直弟子である日昭（1221年～1323年）が病気を治癒したとされる、信越地方の領主であった風間信昭（1354年没）の命により1306年に開山されました。","Myohoji was founded in 1306 by order of Kazama Nobuaki (d. 1354), a lord from the Shin’etsu region who was reportedly healed from a sickness by Nissho (1221–1323), a direct disciple of Nichiren."]
[9348,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","神社・寺院・神仏等","南無妙法蓮華経","なむみょうほうれんげきょう","namu myoho renge kyo","「南無妙法蓮華経」という聖なる言葉が記された宝塔の両側には、歴史上の仏陀である釈迦如来と多宝如来の像が置かれています。","A pagoda bearing the sacred words namu myoho renge kyo (“glory to the Lotus Sutra”) is flanked by the statues of Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, and Taho, the Buddha of Abundant Treasures."]
[9350,"新潟県","「越後長岡」観光振興委員会","神社・寺院・神仏等","多宝如来","たほうにょらい","Taho Buddha","「南無妙法蓮華経」という聖なる言葉が記された宝塔の両側には、歴史上の仏陀である釈迦如来と多宝如来の像が置かれています。","A pagoda bearing the sacred words namu myoho renge kyo (“glory to the Lotus Sutra”) is flanked by the statues of Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, and Taho, the Buddha of Abundant Treasures."]
[9358,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","ふのり","ふのり","funori","この地方の織物業者は、糸を織る過程で糸が切れないように繊維を強化する「サイジング」の粘着剤として、昔からフノリを糸に塗っていた。 ","Weavers in the region had long applied funori to their thread as “sizing,” an adhesive that strengthens thread fibers to prevent them from breaking during the weaving process. "]
[9361,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","食","野沢菜","のざわな","nozawana","十日町では、野沢菜という広く栽培されているカブの塩漬けがその代表だ。","In Tokamachi, this approach is epitomized by a method of salt-curing a widely cultivated turnip green called nozawana."]
[9366,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","食","囲炉裏","いろり","sunken hearth (irori)","暖房と調理に使われる囲炉裏を中心とした、雪国の農家の典型的な間取りを残している。","The structure retains the typical layout of a snow-country farmhouse, centered around a sunken hearth (irori) used for heating and cooking. "]
[9367,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","チンコロ","チンコロ","chinkoro","少なくとも140年以上前から、チンコロと呼ばれる小さな米粉を使った色とりどりの人形が市場に並ぶようになった。","For more than 140 years, little colored rice-flour figurines called chinkoro have been sold at the market."]
[9373,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","田代の七ツ釜","たしろのななつがま","Seven Cauldrons of Tashiro","7つの滝とその滝つぼを合わせて「田代の七ツ釜」と呼ばれ（中略）ている。","Together, the seven falls and their basins are referred to as Tashiro no Nanatsugama, or the “Seven Cauldrons of Tashiro.” "]
[9378,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","越後ちぢみ","えちごちぢみ","Echigo chijimi crepe","信濃川流域に多く生育する苧麻（ちょま）という草本植物から作られる軽やかな織物「越後ちぢみ」は有名だ。","It is particularly known for Echigo chijimi crepe, a lightweight fabric made from an herbaceous plant called ramie that grows abundantly in the Shinano River Basin."]
[9381,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","綜絖","そうこう","heddles","綜絖（そうこう）とは緯糸（よこいと）を横切るように挿入された棒のこと、一連の経糸を同時に持ち上げ、緯糸を支えた杼（ひ）を通すことができる。","Heddles are rods inserted across the weft to lift a whole series of warp threads simultaneously and allow a shuttle bearing the weft thread to pass through."]
[9385,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","年中行事","ホンヤラドウ","ほんやらどう","honyarado","ホンヤラドウは、鳥追いという冬の行事の一環として十日町に建てられたイグルーのような雪小屋である。","Honyarado are igloo-like snow huts built in Tokamachi as part of a winter event called torioi, or “bird chasing.” "]
[9391,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","ふしかくし","ふしかくし","fushikakushi","「ふしかくし」と呼ばれるこの巧みな彫刻は、節を取った跡など板の欠点を目立たなくしている。","Cleverly carved inserts, called fushikakushi, disguise flaws, such as spots where knots were removed from the timber."]
[9396,"新潟県","十日町市文化観光推進協議会","年中行事","七ツ参り","ななつまいり","Nanatsu Mairi","松苧神社では毎年5月8日に男の子の成長を祝う儀式が行われる。これは「七ツ参り」と呼ばれ、十日町で何百年も前から祝われてきた。","On May 8 each year, Matsuo Shrine hosts a coming-of-age ceremony for young boys. It’s called the “Nanatsu Mairi” and has been celebrated in Tokamachi for hundreds of years."]
[9401,"新潟県","佐渡市観光・文化施設多言語解説整備推進協議会（予定）","建造物等","巻上機","まきあげき","hoist","高任竪坑には180馬力の強力な巻上機が装備され、作業員や物資を地下の坑道まで運び、採掘された鉱石を地上に吊り上げた。","The Takatō Shaft was equipped with a powerful 180-horsepower hoist that took workers and supplies down into mine tunnels and lifted ore up to the surface."]
[9405,"新潟県","佐渡市観光・文化施設多言語解説整備推進協議会（予定）","社会","拘置所","こうちしょ","jailhouse","蔦に覆われた石垣と錆びついた門が相川の歴史的な町並みの中、京町地区の頂上にある古い拘置所を囲んでいる。","Ivy-covered concrete walls and a rusting gate enclose an old jailhouse at the top of Aikawa’s historic hillside Kyōmachi neighborhood."]
[9408,"新潟県","佐渡市観光・文化施設多言語解説整備推進協議会（予定）",null,"小判","こばん","koban","佐渡金山から採掘された金のほとんどは、徳川時代（1603-1868）の日本の重要な貨幣であった「小判」と呼ばれる楕円形の硬貨に加工された。","Most of the gold extracted from the Sado mines was turned into oval-shaped coins called koban, which were an important form of coinage in Tokugawa-era Japan (1603–1868). "]
[9413,"富山県","立山町多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","修験者","しゅげんじゃ","shugenja","修験者たちは自分の罪と向き合い、魂を清め、死後の極楽往生を容易にすると信じられていた象徴的な再生を得るために、山に登った。","Shugenja ascended the mountain to confront their sins, cleanse their souls, and attain a symbolic rebirth that was believed to facilitate their passage into paradise after death."]
[9419,"富山県","立山町多言語解説協議会","その他","砂防","さぼう","sabo","特に、砂防（「砂を防ぐ」）と呼ばれる、地域の土砂災害の防止・軽減活動に注目する。","Particular attention is given to local erosion-control works known as sabo (lit, “sand prevention”), which refers to the prevention and mitigation of sediment-related disasters."]
[9420,"富山県","立山町多言語解説協議会","食","白えび","しろえび","shiroebi","夕食は富山湾で獲れた白えびなどの魚介類、山菜、富山県産の米などを味わうことができる。","Shiroebi (baby white shrimp) and other seafood from Toyama Bay, sansai (herbs and other wild mountain vegetables), and Toyama-grown rice can be savored for dinner."]
[9425,"岐阜県","中津川市","人物・人名・役職名","遠山昌利","とおやましまさとし","Toyama Masatoshi","苗木城は、14世紀（鎌倉時代）から遠山荘の地頭職を務めていた一族の遠山昌利（生没年不詳）によって1526年に建てられた。","Naegi Castle was built in 1526 by Toyama Masatoshi (dates unknown), whose family had served as local administrators of shogunal estates since the fourteenth century (Kamakura period)."]
[9428,"岐阜県","中津川市","岩石・洞窟","馬洗岩","うまあらいいわ","Horse-Washing Boulder (The Uma Arai Iwa)","馬洗岩","Horse-Washing Boulder (The Uma Arai Iwa)"]
[9436,"岐阜県","中津川市","建造物等","谷積","たにづみ","Tanizumi","谷積（斜めに積み上げた石垣） ","Tanizumi (diagonally stacked stone walls)"]
[9438,"岐阜県","中津川市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","物見矢倉","ものみやぐら","Monomiyagura Tower","物見矢倉","Monomiyagura Tower"]
[9443,"岐阜県","中津川市","芸能・興行・イベント","地歌舞伎","じかぶき","ji-kabuki","中山道の宿場町であり、地歌舞伎のかしも明治座など、伝統文化が色濃く残っている。","Much of its traditional culture has been preserved, including one of its post stations along the Nakasendo highway and a ji-kabuki playhouse called Kashimo Meijiza Theater."]
[9448,"岐阜県","下呂市","年中行事","参加者","さんかしゃ","celebrant","お祭りの一環として参加者たちは白鷺の衣装や正式な武士の衣装など色とりどりの衣装を着て街頭に繰り出します。","As part of the festivities, celebrants take to the streets in colorful outfits, including white egret costumes and formal samurai attire."]
[9452,"岐阜県","下呂市","芸能・興行・イベント","田楽","でんがく","dengaku","この祭りは近代以前の日本の農業共同体で行われた音楽と踊りの一種である田楽の地方版に由来すると考えられています。","The festival is believed to derive from a local form of dengaku, a type of music and dance performed in agrarian communities in premodern Japan.","※「dengaku」は日本語の名称で英語ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[9455,"岐阜県","下呂市","神社・寺院・神仏等","願掛けの板","がんかけのいた","votive plaque","温泉寺には江戸時代の願掛けの板が数多く残されており、温泉の人気を物語っています。","The temple retains many votive plaques from the Edo period, attesting to the hot springs’ popularity."]
[9460,"岐阜県","下呂市","植物","しだれの形","しだれのかたち","weeping form","木々のしだれの形はもともと突然変異の結果であり、木は自然に繁殖したものです。","Their weeping form was originally the result of a mutation, and the trees propagated naturally."]
[9466,"岐阜県","下呂市","自然現象","柱状節理","ちゅうじょうせつり","columnar joint","南東17キロメートルに位置する火山からの溶岩がこの地域に流れ込み、最終的に冷えて固まって柱状節理が形成されました。","Lava from the volcano, located 17 kilometers to the southeast, flowed to the area, eventually cooling and hardening into the columnar joints that are still visible."]
[9471,"岐阜県","下呂市","その他","総合的な","そうごうてきな","holistic","温泉の総合的なアクティビティと南飛騨健康増進センター全体で利用できる体験は、身体的・精神的健康に対する自然とのふれあいの良い影響を強調しています。","The holistic activities of the onsen, along with the experiences available across the Minami Hida Health Promotion Center, emphasize the positive influence of contact with nature on physical and mental health."]
[9476,"岐阜県","下呂市","自然現象","地下水","ちかすい","groundwater","天領では飛騨山脈を源流とする地下30メートルから汲み上げた天然地下水だけを使用しています。","Tenryo uses exclusively natural groundwater that originates in the Hida Mountains and is drawn from 30 meters underground."]
[9478,"岐阜県","下呂市","温泉","日帰り客","ひがえりきゃく","non-staying visitor","ホテルは馬瀬(マゼと発音)川の川岸近くに位置し、その施設は宿泊客だけでなく日帰り客も利用できます。","The hotel is located near the banks of the Maze (pronounced mah-zay) River, and its facilities are open to both overnight guests and non-staying visitors."]
[9483,"岐阜県","下呂市","その他","爽快","そうかい","invigorating","どちらのアクティビティも、水上から湖と湖岸線の景色を楽しむ爽快な方法です。","Both activities offer an invigorating way to enjoy the lake and the shoreline scenery from the water."]
[9485,"岐阜県","下呂市","河川・渓谷","支流","しりゅう","tributary","滝は近くを流れる馬瀬川の支流である横谷川沿いにあります。","The waterfalls are situated on the Yokotani River, a tributary of the nearby Maze River."]
[9490,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","建造物等","合掌造り","がっしょうづくり","“gasshō-style” (gasshō-zukuri)","こうした孤立した環境（中略）が、合掌造りと呼ばれる急勾配の藁葺きの屋根が象徴する独自の生活様式を生み出した。","This seclusion...led the inhabitants to adopt a unique way of life—one symbolized by houses with characteristically steep, thatched roofs in a design known as “gasshō-style” (gasshō-zukuri)."]
[9495,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","食","餅","もち","mochi (glutinous rice cakes)","例えば、地元産の栃の実は、栄養価を高めるために餅に使われた。","Local Japanese horse chestnuts, for example, were processed and added to mochi (glutinous rice cakes), to increase their nutritional value. ","※「mochi」は英語圏で一般的に知られているため、斜体表記は不要。\n※「glutinous rice cakes」の記載は場合によって不要。もちの説明として記載する場合は、括弧に入れて初回のみ記載する。"]
[9499,"岐阜県","白川村多言語解説協議会","その他","忌避剤","きひざい","repellents","この煙と煤は、昆虫、ネズミ、コウモリから家を守る天然の忌避剤であり、木材や茅を湿気から守るのにも役立った。","Both the smoke and the soot worked as natural repellents, protecting against insects, mice, and bats; they also helped protect the wood and thatch from moisture."]
[9506,"愛知県","一般社団法人とこなめ観光協会","工芸・美術","常滑系招き猫","とこなめけい\nまねきねこ","Tokoname Maneki Neko","常滑系招き猫(幸運の招き猫）","Tokoname Maneki Neko (Lucky Cats)"]
[9507,"愛知県","一般社団法人とこなめ観光協会","工芸・美術","招き猫","まねきねこ","maneki neko","高さ3.8メートル、幅6.3メートルと国内最大級の招き猫の１つである。","Tokonyan is 3.8 meters high and 6.3 meters wide, making it one of the country’s largest maneki neko. "]
[9513,"愛知県","一般社団法人とこなめ観光協会","テーマ施設等"," 廻船問屋　瀧田家","かいせんどんやたきたけ","Takita Family Residence","廻船問屋 瀧田家は「やきもの散歩道」Aコースに含まれる。","The Takita Residence is part of Course A on the Pottery Footpath."]
[9518,"愛知県","一般社団法人とこなめ観光協会","工芸・美術","ひもづくり","ひもづくり","himozukuri","14世紀には、常滑市の陶工たちは、紐状にした粘土を底から積み上げていく「ひもづくり」という技法で、大型の貯蔵瓶や調理器具を生産していた。","By the fourteenth century, Tokoname’s potters were producing large storage jars and cooking utensils using the himozukuri method, in which ropes of clay are coiled or stacked onto the base of an item. "]
[9523,"愛知県","一般社団法人とこなめ観光協会","郷土景観","レンガ造りの煙突","れんがづくりのえんとつ","brick chimneys","1950年代の生産最盛期には、常滑には300本以上のレンガ造りの煙突があり、現存する煙突は市を象徴するランドマークの一つとなっている。","There were more than 300 brick chimneys in Tokoname when pottery production was at its peak in the 1950s, and the remaining chimneys are some of the city’s most iconic landmarks. "]
[9525,"三重県","亀山・関地域多言語解協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","関地蔵院","せきじぞういん","Seki Jizoin Temple","関宿の西端にある関地蔵院は、741年に奈良の東大寺建立において中心的な役割を果たした行基（668-749）という仏僧によってこの町を天然痘から守るために建立されました。","Seki Jizoin Temple, on the west side of Seki Juku, was constructed in 741 by Gyoki (668–749) – a Buddhist priest who played a key role in the building of Todaiji Temple in Nara – to protect the town from smallpox. "]
[9530,"三重県","亀山・関地域多言語解協議会","史跡","東の追分","ひがしのおいわけ","Higashi no Oiwake (East Fork)","伊勢へと向かう巡礼者たちは、町の大通りの東端にある分岐点「東の追分」まで行かなくてはなりませんでした。","Pilgrims who wished to make their way to Ise had to turn at Higashi no Oiwake (East Fork), a junction at the east end of the town’s main street. "]
[9537,"滋賀県","公益社団法人長浜観光協会","乗物","廃車","はいしゃ","decommissioned locomotives","長浜鉄道スクエアには、日本最古で現存している駅舎と、訪問者が実際に乗りこんで見学できる廃車となった機関車があります。","The Nagahama Railway Museum has both Japan’s oldest extant station building and a pair of decommissioned locomotives that visitors can climb aboard and explore.","※英語では「車」の種類を特定する必要があるため、「locomotives」と記載した。他の乗り物にも使える。（例：decommissioned cars。）"]
[9541,"滋賀県","公益社団法人長浜観光協会","神社・寺院・神仏等","曳山","ひきやま","hikiyama","曳山は移動式ステージで、それぞれ高さ約6～9メートル、重さ5~6トンです。","Hikiyama are mobile stages, each between 6 and 9 meters tall and weighing between 5 and 6 metric tons."]
[9542,"滋賀県","公益社団法人長浜観光協会","芸能・興行・イベント","古典舞踊","こてんぶよう","classical Japanese dance-drama","今重屋敷能舞館の考案者は、かつての酒蔵を日本の古典舞踊と長浜とのつながりを祝うものに変えました。","The creators of the Imajū Noh Museum have turned a former sake warehouse into a celebration of classical Japanese dance-drama and its connections to Nagahama."]
[9547,"滋賀県","公益社団法人長浜観光協会","史跡","土塁","どるい","earthworks","小谷城跡は、丘の上にある土塁が残っており、そこからは長浜と琵琶湖を一望できます。","Today, all that remains of Odani Castle is a series of hilltop earthworks that command sweeping views of Nagahama and Lake Biwa."]
[9553,"滋賀県","公益社団法人長浜観光協会","植物","盆梅","ぼんばい","ume (Japanese plum) bonsai","この展示会は日本最高級の盆梅展と考えられており、1952年より毎年開催されています。","The event is considered Japan’s premier exhibit of ume (Japanese plum) bonsai and has been held annually since 1952."]
[9556,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","大歳大神","おおとしのおおかみ","Otoshi no Okami","大歳大神は時の流れを司り、農耕と五穀豊穣の神とされています。","Otoshi no Okami is the deity associated with the passage of time, as well as agriculture and abundant harvests. "]
[9560,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","石作大連","いしつくりおおむらじ","Ishitsukuri Omuraji ","1世紀、日本の第11代天皇である垂仁天皇の妻である皇后が崩御した際、この一族は石棺を献上し、天皇から「石作大連」という非常に名誉ある官位を意味する姓を賜ったと言われています。","It is said that in the first century, when the wife of Emperor Suinin, the 11th emperor of Japan, passed away, the clan presented a coffin for her and received the highly prestigious government rank and hereditary title of Ishitsukuri Omuraji (“master stoneworkers”) from the emperor. "]
[9565,"京都府","大原野保勝会","植物","栢","かや","kaya","境内にはかつて針葉樹の栢が多く生い茂っていたことから、古くから「栢の森」と呼ばれています。","The shrine precincts have long been called Kaya no Mori because of the many coniferous kaya (Japanese nutmeg-yew) trees that once covered the grounds. "]
[9570,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","平城京","へいじょうきょう","Heijokyo ","784年、日本の都は平城京（現在の奈良）から長岡京に遷都されました。","In 784, the capital of Japan was moved from Heijokyo (present-day Nara) to Nagaokakyo. "]
[9576,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","天之子八根命","あめのこやねのみこと","Ame no Koyane no Mikoto","春日大明神は、雷の神・建御賀豆智命、軍神・伊波比主命、藤原氏の祖神・天之子八根命とその妻の比賣大神という四柱の神様を表しています。","Kasuga Daimyojin represents four divinities: the deity of thunder Takemikazuchi no Mikoto, the warrior deity Iwainushi no Mikoto, the Fujiwara family ancestral deity Ame no Koyane no Mikoto, and his wife Hime Okami."]
[9577,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","比賣大神","ひめおおかみ","Hime Okami","春日大明神は、雷の神・建御賀豆智命、軍神・伊波比主命、藤原氏の祖神・天之子八根命とその妻の比賣大神という四柱の神様を表しています。","Kasuga Daimyojin represents four divinities: the deity of thunder Takemikazuchi no Mikoto, the warrior deity Iwainushi no Mikoto, the Fujiwara family ancestral deity Ame no Koyane no Mikoto, and his wife Hime Okami."]
[9585,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","若宮神社","わかみやじんじゃ","Wakamiya Jinja Shrine","対岸には天押雲根命を祀る若宮神社があります。","On the far bank is Wakamiya Jinja Shrine, dedicated to the deity Ame no Oshikumone no Mikoto. "]
[9588,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","御田刈祭","みたかりさい","Mitakarisai Festival ","そして左側に相撲場もあり、この相撲場は、9月の御田刈祭で行われる大人も子どもも参加する「神相撲」の神事で使用されます。","The sumo ring on the left-hand side of the path is used for Kamizumo, a ritual wrestling competition for both adults and children that takes place during the Mitakarisai Festival in September. "]
[9593,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","お守り","おまもり","omamori","神社のお守りや御朱印帳、絵馬、そしておみくじも鹿をモチーフとしたものとなっています。","Deer themes can also be seen in the shrine’s omamori amulets, goshuincho seal books, ema votive tablets, and omikuji fortunes.","※ネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「amulet」も使用することも可能。"]
[9594,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","御朱印長","ごしゅいんちょう","goshuincho","神社のお守りや御朱印帳、絵馬、そしておみくじも鹿をモチーフとしたものとなっています。","Deer themes can also be seen in the shrine’s omamori amulets, goshuincho seal books, ema votive tablets, and omikuji fortunes.","※ネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「seal book」も使用することも可能。"]
[9600,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","徳川綱吉","とくがわつなよし","Tokugawa Tsunayoshi","この地域の他の多くの寺院同様、この寺も第5代徳川将軍であった綱吉の母である桂昌院（1627年～1705年）の資金援助を受けて1691年に再建されました。","Like many other temples in the area, it was rebuilt in 1691 with financing provided by Keishoin (1627–1705), mother of the fifth Tokugawa shogun, Tsunayoshi."]
[9604,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","観音菩薩","かんのんぼさつ","Kannon Bodhisattva","その中には、本尊である十一面千手観音菩薩像（慈悲の菩薩）が安置されています。","It enshrines the principal object of worship: a statue of Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion, depicted in an eleven-faced, thousand-armed form. "]
[9611,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","下の川弁財天","しものがわべんざいてん","Shimonogawa Benzaiten","本堂から東へ少し歩くと、開山堂への階段と、八角形の石造りの囲いの中に下の川弁財天があります。","A short walk farther east from the Hondo leads to a stairway to the Kaisando (Founder’s Hall) and to Shimonogawa Benzaiten, a shrine in an octagonal stone enclosure. "]
[9612,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","招き猫","まねきねこ","maneki neko","展望台の近くには、招き猫やぽっちゃりとしたタヌキの置物などの素朴な装飾が特徴の古い茶屋があります。","Near the lookout point is an old tea house with several simple decorations, such as maneki neko (beckoning cat) and plump tanuki (raccoon dog) figurines.","※ネイティブに対しイメージを想起させるより適切な表現として、「beckoning cat figurine」も使用することも可能。"]
[9618,"京都府","大原野保勝会","山岳","北山連峰","きたやまれんぽう","Kitayama mountains","この寺は左側には比叡山と北山、前方には東山連峰、そして右側には南部の宇治市や木津川市までを見晴らせる景色を有しており","The vista encompasses Mt. Hiei and the eastern Higashiyama mountains, the Kitayama mountains in the north, Kyoto itself, and the cities of Uji and Kizugawa."]
[9623,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","西山三派","せいざんさんぱ","Seizan schools of Buddhism","1213年、西山三派の流祖證空（西山国師、1177年～1247年）が念仏（阿弥陀如来の名をお唱えする）道場として再興しました。","In 1213, Shoku (Seizan Kokushi, 1177–1247), the founder of the three Seizan schools of Buddhism, revived the hermitage as a training hall to practice nenbutsu, the continuous recitation of the name of Amida Buddha. ","※西山派は三派ですので、他の宗派の英訳の「school」と違って、複数形の「schools」に訳すのをご注意。"]
[9628,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","律宗","りっしゅう","Risshu school","1951年に天台宗から西山宗の本山として独立し、天台・真言・律・浄土の四宗の教えを説いています。","In 1951, Sankoji separated from the Tendai school and became the head temple of an independent Seizan school, embracing and teaching doctrines of the Tendai, Shingon, Risshu, and Jodo schools."]
[9632,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","聖徳太子","しょうとくたいし","Prince Shotoku","他の仏像としては、三鈷杵をモチーフにした台座上の阿弥陀如来、聖徳太子（574年～622年）、源算、そして真言宗の開祖である空海（弘法大師、774年～835年）が安置されています。","Other statues portray Amida Buddha on a pedestal with sankosho motifs, Prince Shotoku (574–622), Gensan, and Kukai (Kobo Daishi, 774–835), the founder of Shingon Buddhism."]
[9635,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","蓮生","れんしょう","Rensho","本堂の東側に華台廟があり、證空と彼の弟子である歌人の蓮生（1178年～1259年）の五輪塔が納められている高い台座の上に、證空の像が安置されています。","Ketaibyo Mausoleum in the right wing enshrines a statue of Shoku placed on a high pedestal that conceals memorial stone pagodas for Shoku and the poet Rensho (1178–1259), his disciple."]
[9642,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","最澄（伝教大師）","さいちょう（でんぎょうだいし）","Saicho (Dengyo Daishi)","この地蔵尊は、天台宗の開祖である最澄（伝教大師、767年～822年）の作と伝えられています。","The Jizo statue is said to have been carved by Saicho (Dengyo Daishi, 767–822), the founder of Tendai Buddhism in Japan."]
[9646,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","伊勢神宮","いせじんぐう","Ise Jingu Grand Shrine","彼はハンサムな男性として知られており、天皇の妃や伊勢神宮の斎宮とのロマンスなどの多くの恋の噂は、古典的な詩集であり関連する散文物語でもある『伊勢物語』に影響を与えたと考えられています。","He was also known for his good looks, and his many rumored affairs, including romances with an emperor’s consort and a high priestess of Ise Jingu Grand Shrine, are thought to have inspired The Tales of Ise, a classic collection of poems and related narratives in prose."]
[9647,"京都府","大原野保勝会","書物","古今和歌集","こきんわかしゅう","Kokin Wakashu","10世紀の歌集『古今和歌集』には彼の最後の和歌を含む多くの作品が選ばれ、その歌集における六歌仙の1人にも彼は指名されています。","His last poem was among many of his works chosen for the tenth-century anthology Kokin Wakashu (Collection of Poems Ancient and Modern), in which he was also named one of the Six Immortal Poets."]
[9651,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","庫裏","くり","Kuri","本堂と庫裏（僧房と台所）は屋根付きの通路で繋がっています。","A roofed walkway connects the Hondo to the Kuri (monks’ quarters and kitchen). "]
[9658,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","勝持寺","しょうじじ","Shojiji Temple","勝持寺は小塩山の麓に位置し、自然景観や四季の移ろいを楽しめる人気の観光スポットです。","The location of Shojiji Temple near the base of Mt. Oshio makes it a popular destination to enjoy the natural scenery and changing seasons."]
[9663,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","薬師如来","やくしにょらい","Yakushi Buddha","この寺の本尊は、治癒の神である薬師如来像で、左手に持った薬瓶に右手を伸ばす姿が表現されています。","The temple’s principal object of worship is a sculpture of Yakushi Buddha, the deity of healing, portrayed with the right hand reaching for the medicine jar held in the left palm. "]
[9665,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","月光菩薩","がっこうぼさつ","Gakko Bodhisattva","月光菩薩は月を表す白い円盤を持ち、日光菩薩は太陽を表す赤い円盤を持っています。","Gakko Bodhisattva holds a white disc that symbolizes the moon, and Nikko Bodhisattva holds a red disc representing the sun. "]
[9670,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","近衛家熙","このえいえひろ","Konoe Iehiro ","扁額の右側には、高位の公家で書道家、そして茶人や学者でもあった近衛家熙（1667年～1736年）の扁額に対する認証状があります。","To the right of the plaque is a letter of authentication by Konoe Iehiro (1667–1736), a high-ranking court noble, calligrapher, tea master, and scholar."]
[9675,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","宝生殿","ほうしょうでん","Hoshoden Hall","宝生殿にある絵図を参照することで、それらの全種を識別することができます。","A picture guide in the Hoshoden Hall helps visitors find and identify them all. "]
[9679,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","大黒天","だいこくてん","Daikokuten","七福神の一つである大黒天の疾走する姿を表現した比較的珍しい彫像は、人々に幸福をもたらすために急いでいるかのようにも見えます。","A relatively rare sculpture of a running Daikokuten, one of the Seven Gods of Fortune, portrays the deity in mid-stride, as if hurrying to bring happiness to people."]
[9682,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","聖観音","しょうかんのん","Sho Kannon","右側には聖観音と呼ばれる人間の姿をした観音菩薩像があります。それは正法寺で最も古い仏像です。","To the right is a statue of Kannon in a human form. It is called Sho Kannon and is the oldest sculpture in Shoboji. "]
[9689,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","智威大徳","ちいだいとく","Chii Daitoku","中国の僧智威大徳は、8世紀に仏教を広めるために来日しました。","In the eighth century, the Chinese monk Chii Daitoku came to Japan to help propagate Buddhism. "]
[9693,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","しめ縄","しめなわ","sacred rope","入口にかかっている龍の形をしたしめ縄は、龍が西方にある西山へ向かって飛んでいく様子を表しています。","Hanging over the Hondo entryway is a sacred rope shaped like an undulating dragon flying west toward the Nishiyama mountains. "]
[9698,"京都府","大原野保勝会","工芸・美術","切り絵","きりえ","kirie","勝龍寺は、複雑に紙を切るアートである「切り絵」で知られており、切り絵のお寺の印（御朱印）、お守り、切り絵のアート・プリントなどを提供しています。","Shoryuji is known for kirie, the art of intricate paper cutting, offering items such as kirie temple seals (goshuin), omamori amulets, and art prints. "]
[9703,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","千手観音","せんじゅかんのん","Thousand-Armed Kannon","源算は千手観音像を彫り、法華院と名付けた小さなお堂を建てて安置しました。","Gensan carved a statue of the Thousand-Armed Kannon and built a small temple that he named Hokkein to enshrine it. "]
[9705,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","後一条天皇","ごいちじょうてんのう","Emperor Go-Ichijo","1034年に後一条天皇（1008年～1036年）は鎮護国家の祈祷を法華院にて行うことを勅令し、その際に「善峰寺」と改名されました。","The name was changed to Yoshiminedera in 1034, when Emperor Go-Ichijo (1008–1036) decreed that prayers for the protection of the country should be held there. "]
[9710,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","薬師堂","やくしどう","Yakushido Hall","境内の最も高い場所のひとつに建つ薬師堂には、医学の仏様である薬師如来が祀られています。","The Yakushido Hall, standing at one of the highest points in the precincts, is dedicated to Yakushi Buddha, the deity of medicine. "]
[9712,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","出世薬師","しゅっせやくし","Shusse Yakushi","善峰寺では、桂昌院が平民の娘の出から将軍の母にまで上り詰めたことから、この仏を「出世薬師」として祀っています。","At Yoshiminedera, the deity is worshipped as Shusse Yakushi (“Yakushi of success”), reflecting Keishoin’s rise from the daughter of a commoner to the mother of a shogun."]
[9717,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","幸福地蔵","しあわせじぞう","Shiawase Jizo","その大きくて丸い花は、参拝者に幸せをもたらすとされる幸福地蔵の展望台に立って上から眺めるたり、庭園内の曲がりくねった小道を散策しながら間近に観察することができます。","The large, round flowerheads can be observed from above on the viewing platform where the statue of Shiawase Jizo, a bodhisattva said to bless worshippers with happiness, is located, or up close while wandering the garden’s curving paths. "]
[9722,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","浄土宗","じょうどしゅう","Jodo (Pure Land) school","西山の麓にある広大な寺院は、直訳でピュアランドを意味する浄土宗の開祖法然（1133年～1212年）と歴史的に深いつながりがあります。","The vast temple complex at the base of the Nishiyama mountains has a strong historical connection with Honen (1133–1212), the founder of the Jodo (Pure Land) school. "]
[9726,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","勢至菩薩","せいしぼさつ","Seishi Bodhisattva","阿弥陀堂には、高さ2メートルの阿弥陀如来像が安置され、その両側に勢至菩薩と観音菩薩の小さな仏像が祀られています。","The Amidado enshrines a 2-meter statue of Amida Buddha flanked by smaller sculptures of Seishi, the bodhisattva of wisdom, and Kannon, the bodhisattva of compassion. "]
[9733,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","天神","てんじん","Tenjin","長岡京市にある長岡天満宮では、現代において学問の神として崇められ、天神と呼ばれている菅原道真を祀っています。","Nagaoka Tenmangu Shrine in the city of Nagaokakyo is dedicated to Sugawara no Michizane, a man now worshipped as a deity of scholarship called Tenjin. "]
[9736,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","キリシマツツジ","きりしまつつじ","Kirishima azalea","春の境内には桜や菖蒲、ツツジが咲きますが、季節の花として最も有名なものは鮮やかな赤いキリシマツツジです。","Cherry trees, irises, and azaleas bloom on the shrine grounds throughout spring, but the most popular seasonal flower is the vibrant red Kirishima azalea. "]
[9740,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","柳谷観音（楊谷寺）","やなぎだにかんのん（ようこくじ）","Yanagidani Kannon (Yokokuji Temple)","柳谷観音とも呼ばれる楊谷寺には、創建以来、眼病平癒を祈願する参拝者が訪れています。","Worshippers have been coming to Yokokuji Temple, commonly called Yanagidani (“willow valley”) Kannon, to pray for recovery from eye ailments since its founding. "]
[9745,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","風神","ふうじん","Fujin","門の両側に風と雷の神である風神雷神像が立っています。","It is flanked by statues of Fujin and Raijin, the deities of wind and thunder. "]
[9750,"京都府","大原野保勝会","庭園・公園","浄土苑","じょうどえん","Jodoen Garden","書院の隣にある浄土苑は、江戸時代（1603年～1867年）中期に造営され、京都府によって名勝庭園に指定されています。","The Jodoen (“garden of the Pure Land”) next to the Shoin was created in the mid-Edo period (1603–1867) and is designated a Place of Scenic Beauty by Kyoto Prefecture. "]
[9752,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","奥の院","おくのいん","Okunoin (Inner Sanctuary)","屋根付きの長い階段を登ると奥の院につながります。","A long, covered stairway leads to the Okunoin (Inner Sanctuary). "]
[9757,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","眼力稲荷","がんりきいなり","Ganriki Inari","2つの神社には、寺院の守護神である眼力稲荷が祀られており、参拝者に人生の困難な状況を乗り越えるための洞察力を授けてくれると信じられています。","Two shrines are dedicated to Ganriki Inari, a guardian deity of the temple believed to bless worshippers with insights that will guide them through difficult situations in their lives."]
[9764,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","早良親王","さわらしんのう","Prince Sawara","捜査の結果、天皇の弟である早良親王（750年？～785年）の関与が疑われました。","An investigation implicated Prince Sawara (750?–785), the emperor’s younger brother, who had close ties to factions that opposed the move to Nagaokakyo. "]
[9768,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","日限地蔵","ひぎりじぞう","Higiri Jizo","参道は、誓った日数だけ参拝すると願いが叶うとされる日限地蔵尊を祀るお堂に通じています。","The main approach leads to the hall dedicated to Higiri Jizo, a bodhisattva believed to grant wishes to worshippers who set a period of time and dutifully visit each day to pray. "]
[9769,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","毘沙門堂","びしゃもんどう","Bishamondo Hall","毘沙門堂には、一般的に荒々しい表情を浮かべていることが多い神を、陰鬱な表情を表した珍しい仏像「深い憂いをたたえた毘沙門天」が安置されています。","The Bishamondo Hall houses the statue of “Melancholic Bishamonten,” a rare portrayal of the typically fierce deity with a somber expression. "]
[9775,"京都府","大原野保勝会","食","鏡餅","かがみもち","kagami mochi","4月に行われる「鬼くすべ」と呼ばれる儀式は、桃の木で作られたの弓とよもぎの矢、檜の葉、そして鏡餅を使って悪魔を追い払うものです。","A ritual called Oni Kusube, held in April, uses peach wood bows, mugwort arrows, cypress leaves, and kagami mochi rice cakes to exorcise demons."]
[9780,"京都府","大原野保勝会","山岳","天王山","てんのうざん","Mt. Tennozan","歴史上、宝積寺は天王山周辺の戦いに巻き込まれることもありました。","Throughout history, Hoshakuji was occasionally embroiled in fighting that occurred around Mt. Tennozan. "]
[9783,"京都府","大原野保勝会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","京都御所","きょうとうごしょ","Kyoto Imperial Palace","1864年、京都御所の禁門で徳川幕府への反乱未遂に終わりました。","In 1864, there was an attempted rebellion against the Tokugawa shogunate at the Kinmon Gate to Kyoto Imperial Palace."]
[9787,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","倶生神","くしょうじん","Kushojin","彼の周りには悪行を書き留め、犯罪を読み上げ、判決を発表し、評決を記録する役目を司る「司録」「司命」「倶生神」そして「闇黒童子」がいます。","Around him are Shiroku, Shimyo, Kushojin, and Ankoku-doji, deities that write down misdeeds, read out crimes, announce judgments, and record verdicts. "]
[9792,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","離宮八幡宮","りきゅうはちまんぐう","Rikyu Hachimangu Shrine","9世紀に離宮八幡宮の宮司が種子から油を搾る搾油機を発明し、これが日本の荏胡麻油製造の始まりとなりました。","In the ninth century, a head priest of Rikyu Hachimangu Shrine invented a press for seed oil extraction, which became the origin of perilla seed oil production in Japan."]
[9797,"京都府","大原野保勝会","山岳","男山","おとこやま","Mt. Otokoyama","興味深いことに、京都府の男山にある石清水八幡宮にも似たような由緒があります。","Notably, Iwashimizu Hachimangu Shrine on Mt. Otokoyama in Kyoto Prefecture has a similar origin story."]
[9803,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","総門","そうもん","Somon Gate","総門から続く参道には紅葉や、背の高くて茎が太い孟宗という竹の一種が植えられています。","The path from the Somon Gate is lined with maple trees and the tall, thick-stalked moso variety of bamboo. "]
[9804,"京都府","大原野保勝会","植物","孟宗","もうそう","moso bamboo","総門から続く参道には紅葉や、背の高くて茎が太い孟宗という竹の一種が植えられています。","The path from the Somon Gate is lined with maple trees and the tall, thick-stalked moso variety of bamboo. "]
[9811,"京都府","大原野保勝会","建造物等","猪目","いのめ","inome (“boar’s eye”)","部屋の1つにはハート型の猪目窓があり、方丈の背後にある竹、紅葉、椿を一望できます。","One of the rooms has a heart-shaped inome (“boar’s eye”) window overlooking the bamboo, maples, and camellias behind the Hojo. "]
[9815,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","羅漢","らかん","arhat","羅漢（arhat、日本語でrakan）とは、悟りを開き、仏陀の教えの真理を理解した聖人のような人物です。","Arhats (rakan in Japanese) are saint-like figures who have achieved enlightenment and understand the truth of the Buddha’s teachings. "]
[9821,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","葉室家","はむろけ","Hamuro family","浄住寺の援助を引き継いだ公家の葉室家が13世紀半ばに再建し、1689年には黄檗寺として再建されました。","The noble Hamuro family took over patronage of Jojuji, rebuilding it in the mid-thirteenth century and again in 1689 as an Obaku temple. "]
[9822,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","位牌堂","いはいどう","Ihaido (Memorial Tablet Hall)","本堂の後方より位牌堂、開山堂、寿塔が直線的に並んでいる様は、典型的な黄檗建築様式を特徴づけています。","In typical Obaku architectural style, the Hondo, the Ihaido (Memorial Tablet Hall), the Kaisando (Founder’s Hall), and the Juto Pagoda are connected to each other in a straight line."]
[9827,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","大山咋神","おおやまぐいのかみ","Oyamagui no Kami","主祭神は山の神である大山咋神と水運の女神である市杵島姫命です。南にある摂社には月の神である月読尊が祀られています。","Its main deities are Oyamagui no Kami, a god of mountains, and Ichikishimahime no Mikoto, a goddess of water travel; Tsukiyomi, a deity of the moon, is worshipped at an auxiliary shrine to the south. "]
[9830,"京都府","大原野保勝会","建造物等","松尾造","まつおづくり","matsuo-zukuri","神社の本殿は、特徴的な「松尾造」の建築様式で建てられており","The shrine’s Honden (Main Sanctuary) is built in the distinctive matsuo-zukuri architectural style. "]
[9838,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","楼門","ろうもん","Romon Gate","神社の楼門のすぐ外には、鎌倉（1185年～1333年）様式の池泉式庭園として中国の不老の楽園を表す「蓬莱の庭」があり、大きな石で海に浮かぶ島々が表現されています。","Just outside the shrine’s Romon Gate is the Horai (“Mt. Penglai”) Garden representing the Chinese paradise of eternal youth as a Kamakura (1185–1333) style pond garden, where large stones symbolize islands in a sea. "]
[9839,"京都府","大原野保勝会","庭園・公園","蓬莱の庭","ほうらいのにわ","Horai Garden","神社の楼門のすぐ外には、鎌倉（1185年～1333年）様式の池泉式庭園として中国の不老の楽園を表す「蓬莱の庭」があり、大きな石で海に浮かぶ島々が表現されています。","Just outside the shrine’s Romon Gate is the Horai (“Mt. Penglai”) Garden representing the Chinese paradise of eternal youth as a Kamakura (1185–1333) style pond garden, where large stones symbolize islands in a sea. "]
[9845,"京都府","大原野保勝会","工芸・美術","和紙","わし","washi","読書室には、藤井と子供たちのための机や棚、そして戸棚があります。壁は伝統的な和紙で覆われています。","The study has desks, shelves, and cabinets for Fujii and his children; the walls are covered with traditional washi paper."]
[9850,"京都府","大原野保勝会","工芸・美術","生け花","いけばな","ikebana","また、生け花や陶芸、そして茶の湯などの日本の伝統芸術についても学びました。","He also studied traditional Japanese arts such as ikebana flower arranging, ceramics, and tea (chanoyu). "]
[9854,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","トーマス・アルバ・エジソン","とーます・あるば・えじそん","Thomas Alva Edison","注目の展示品は、米国の発明家トーマス・アルバ・エジソン（1847年～1931年）が京都の竹を使って開発・生産した竹フィラメント電球の復元です。","A noteworthy exhibit is a recreation of the bamboo filament lightbulb that the US inventor Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1931) developed and manufactured using bamboo from Kyoto. "]
[9857,"京都府","大原野保勝会","建造物等","百々橋","どどばし","Dodobashi Bridge","歩道の1つは睡蓮の池にかかる百々橋に繋がっています。","One of the walkways leads to the Dodobashi Bridge, spanning a water-lily pond. "]
[9862,"京都府","大原野保勝会","社会","京たけのこ","きょうたけのこ","Kyo-takenoko","西山のたけのこは非常に高品質で「京たけのこ」と呼ばれ、京都ブランド品に認定されています。","Bamboo shoots from Nishiyama are reliably high in quality and are called Kyo-takenoko (“Kyoto bamboo shoots”), a certified Kyoto brand product."]
[9868,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","たけにょん","たけにょん","Takenyon","西京区（大原野市を含む）の公式キャラクターは、笑顔と明るい性格の竹を擬人化した「たけにょん」です。","The official character of Kyoto’s Nishikyo Ward (which includes Oharano) is Takenyon, an anthropomorphic bamboo stalk with a smiling face and cheerful disposition. "]
[9873,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","住職","じゅうしょく","chief abbot ","その飼育は、秋の夜に鈴虫の声を聞きながら悟りを開いた第8代住職の台巌によって、20世紀半ばに始められました。","The practice was started in the mid-twentieth century by the eighth chief abbot Taigan, who achieved enlightenment while listening to crickets on an autumn night. "]
[9874,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","鳳潭","ほうたん","Hotan","華厳寺は、日本の華厳宗の再興を使命とした僧侶、鳳潭（1654年～1738年）によって1723年に設立されました。","Kegonji was founded in 1723 by the monk Hotan (1654–1738), who was tasked with reviving the Kegon school of Buddhism in Japan. "]
[9878,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","幸福地蔵","こうふくじぞう","Kofuku Jizo","山門の隣には幸福地蔵尊がおられますが、一般的に見られる地蔵のように裸足ではなく草鞋を履いています。","Next to the temple gate is a statue of Kofuku Jizo, depicting the bodhisattva in straw sandals instead of the usual bare feet. "]
[9885,"京都府","大原野保勝会","書物","竹取物語","たけとりものがたり","Taketori monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter)","きれいに整えられた竹の枝と正確にカットされた太い竹で作られるかぐや垣は、竹取物語（The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter）のかぐや姫が着る重ねて着用する宮廷衣装の衿をイメージしています。","The kaguyagaki fence made with neatly trimmed branches and thick, precisely cut bamboo stalks is meant to resemble the collar of the layered court attire worn by Princess Kaguya from Taketori monogatari (The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter). "]
[9890,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","応神天皇","おうじんてんのう","Emperor Ojin","祭神は国の守護神として崇められる八幡（第15代天皇である応神天皇）と皇室の祖神とされる天照大神です。","The enshrined deities are Hachiman (deified Emperor Ojin, the 15th emperor of Japan), who is worshipped as a guardian of the country, and Amaterasu Omikami, the sun goddess considered the ancestral deity of the imperial family."]
[9892,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","石作神社","いしつくりじんじゃ","Ishitsukuri Jinja Shrine","長峰八幡宮の創建年は不明ですが、10世紀の風俗や格式が説明されており、当時存在していた2861の神社が記載されている「延喜式」に書かれている石作神社の位置に建っているのではないかと推測されています。","The shrine’s founding date is unknown, but it is theorized that it may have been the location of Ishitsukuri Jinja, a shrine mentioned in the tenth-century Engishiki, a compilation of customs and official procedures that includes a list of all 2,861 shrines in existence at that time."]
[9897,"京都府","大原野保勝会","植物","鹿子の木","かごのき","kagonoki","境内には珍しい鹿子の木3本と高さ30メートルで樹齢900年とされる楠の御神木が生えています。","Three rare kagonoki (Litsea coreana) trees and a sacred 30-meter camphor tree believed to be 900 years old grow on the shrine grounds."]
[9901,"京都府","大原野保勝会","植物","秋の七草","あきのななくさ","seven flowers representing autumn","秋を代表する七草の一つとされ、日本の美術や詩などにも多く描かれています。","It is regarded as one of the seven flowers representing autumn and is often depicted in Japanese art and poetry. "]
[9908,"京都府","大原野保勝会","植物","キキョウ","ききょう","bellflower","その区画にはフジバカマに加えて、萩、オミナエシ、檜扇、ナデシコ、川緑、水葵、およびキキョウが植えられています。","In addition to thoroughwort, the field is planted with bush clover (hagi), yellow patrinia (ominaeshi), blackberry lily, pink dianthus (nadeshiko), Korean mint, oval-leafed pondweed, and bellflower (kikyo)."]
[9909,"京都府","大原野保勝会","動物","アサギマダラ","あさぎまだら","chestnut tiger butterfly","フジバカマが咲くと、花にはさまざまな昆虫が集まります。日本に生息する唯一の渡り蝶であるアサギマダラ（Parantica sita）は、特にフジバカマの花の蜜を好みます。","When thoroughwort is in bloom, the flowers attract a large variety of insects. The chestnut tiger butterfly (Parantica sita), the only migratory butterfly found in Japan, is particularly fond of thoroughwort nectar. "]
[9916,"京都府","大原野保勝会","人物・人名・役職名","細川藤孝","ほそかわふじたか","Hosokawa Fujitaka","この城は三好家の家臣によって占領され、1568年に武将である織田信長（1534年～1582年）によって征服後、家臣の細川藤孝（1534年～1610年）に与えられました。","The castle was occupied by forces loyal to the Miyoshi family, and in 1568, it was conquered by the warlord Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582) and given to his retainer Hosokawa Fujitaka (1534–1610). "]
[9920,"京都府","大原野保勝会","神社・寺院・神仏等","本能寺","ほんのうじ","Honnoji Temple","しかし、光秀が信長を裏切り1582年に本能寺の変を起こした結果、信長が亡くなり、玉は裏切り者の娘となりました。","However, in 1582, Akechi Mitsuhide betrayed Nobunaga and attacked him at Honnoji Temple, which resulted in Nobunaga’s death and made Tama the daughter of a traitor. "]
[9925,"京都府","大原野保勝会","史跡","埴輪","はにわ","haniwa","古墳はかつて堀で囲まれ、石で覆われ、埴輪と呼ばれる儀式用の土製品が並べられていました。","The kofun was once surrounded by a moat, covered with stones, and lined with ceremonial clay objects called haniwa. "]
[9930,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","河川・渓谷","加古川","かこがわ","Kakogawa River","加古川を通じた塩や米などの物資の集散地としての役割が貢献しました。","its role as a distribution center for commodities such as salt and rice that were transported via the Kakogawa River. "]
[9932,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","工芸・美術","手びねり","てびねり","tebineri","高砂では、ろくろを使わずに手びねりで陶器を成形する伝統が今も栄えています。","The tradition of forming pottery by hand (tebineri), rather than using a potter’s wheel, continues to flourish in Takasago."]
[9935,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","食","にくてん","にくてん","nikuten","にくてんは、もともとは地元のレストランで客に頼まれて作ったのが始まりとされています。","Nikuten is believed to have originally been made at the request of a customer at a local restaurant."]
[9943,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","建造物等","申義堂","しんぎどう","Shingido","生徒たちが申義堂に入学したときの年齢は不明ですが、おそらく10代前半か半ばだったと思われます。","It is not known how old students were when they enrolled in Shingido, but they were likely in their early or mid-teens."]
[9944,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","建造物等","魚町倶楽部","うおまちくらぶ","Uomachi Club","魚町倶楽部","Uomachi Club"]
[9949,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","神社・寺院・神仏等","生石神社","おうしこじんじゃ","Oushiko Jinja Shrine","この巨石碑は生石神社のご神体として祀られています。","This megalithic monument is enshrined as the main object of worship (shintai) at Oushiko Jinja Shrine."]
[9955,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","山岳","日笠山","ひかさやま","Mt. Hiakasa","日笠山（標高 62.1ｍ）の山頂からは、淡路島や家島、姫路沖や高砂沖の海岸地域を一望できます。","The summit of Mt. Hikasa (62.1 meters) affords panoramas of Awaji Island, Iejima, and the coastal region off Himeji and Takasago."]
[9960,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","書物","五輪書","ごりんのしょ","Go Rin no Sho","武蔵は晩年、戦略と武道の書である『五輪書』を著しました。","In his later life, Musashi wrote Go Rin no Sho (The Book of Five Rings), a text on strategy and martial arts."]
[9963,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","芸能・興行・イベント","仁輪加太鼓","にわかだいこ","Niwaka drum","最大の見どころは、江戸時代から続く、踊りを中心とした仁輪加太鼓の公演です。","The biggest annual attraction is the Niwaka drum (taiko) performance, which focuses on dancing and has been held since the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[9967,"兵庫県","高砂市観光施設多言語案内制作協議会（予定）","庭園・公園","高砂海浜公園","たかさごかいひんこうえん","Takasago Seaside Park","高砂の風物詩といえば、高砂海浜公園で開催される「ナイトファンタジーイリュージョン」です。","One tradition in Takasago is the hosting of the “Night Fantasy Illusion” at Takasago Seaside Park."]
[9972,"奈良県","十津川村インバウンド受入協議会","郷土景観","熊野古道","くまのこどう","Kumano Kodo","この村は今でも実質的に、素朴な田園文化に浸り、伝説の武士の足跡をたどり、温泉に浸かり、いかだで川下りをし、山頂の神社に参拝し、熊野古道という参詣道を歩くためにこの地を訪れる人々だけが知る秘密の場所です。","It remains a virtual secret shared by those who come to bask in its rustic rural culture, follow in the footsteps of legendary samurai, soak in its hot springs, raft its rivers, pay homage at its mountaintop shrine, or walk on the revered paths of the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage route."]
[9977,"奈良県","十津川村インバウンド受入協議会","河川・渓谷","北山川","きたやまがわ","Kitayama River","奈良、三重、和歌山の3県の県境にまたがる瀞峡は、全長31kmにわたる北山川流域です。","Doro-kyo Gorge is a 31-kilometer-long section of the Kitayama River, which straddles the border of three prefectures (Nara, Mie, and Wakayama). "]
[9979,"奈良県","十津川村インバウンド受入協議会","温泉","十津川温泉","とつかわおんせん","Totsukawa Onsen","十津川温泉街の公衆浴場、庵の湯へようこそ。この場所の温泉は、300年ほど前に炭焼き職人が発見したと言われています。","Welcome to Iorinoyu, the public bathing facility of the village of Totsukawa Onsen. "]
[9987,"和歌山県","一般社団法人紀州の環（和歌山県由良町登録DMO）","食","金山寺味噌","きんざんじみそ","Kinzanji miso","興国寺は日本の禅宗の歴史において重要な役割を果たし、また、醬油や金山寺味噌発祥の地としても有名です。","Kokokuji Temple played an important role in the history of Zen Buddhism in Japan and is famous as the birthplace of soy sauce and Kinzanji miso. "]
[9990,"和歌山県","一般社団法人紀州の環（和歌山県由良町登録DMO）","神社・寺院・神仏等","天狗","てんぐ","tengu","興国寺の天狗堂には、大火後に一晩で寺院を再建したと信じられている伝説の天狗が祀られています。","The Tengu Hall (Tengudo) of Kokokuji Temple is dedicated to a legendary tengu that is believed to have rebuilt the temple in a single night following a catastrophic fire.","※「tengu」は日本語の名称で英語ではないので斜体で表記。"]
[9995,"和歌山県","一般社団法人紀州の環（和歌山県由良町登録DMO）","植物","在来種","ざいらいしゅ","native species","観光ボートクルーズではこの岩の多い海岸線のパノラマを楽しみ、ウミネコ、丈夫なクロマツ、在来種のユリなどの海岸に生息する動植物を紹介します。","Sightseeing boat cruises afford panoramas of the rocky coastline and introduce its flora and fauna, including black-tailed gulls, hardy black pines, and native species of lily that thrive in coastal habitats."]
[9996,"和歌山県","一般社団法人紀州の環（和歌山県由良町登録DMO）","食","アジ","あじ","horse mackerel ","そのうちの1つでは、訪問客は地元で獲れたサバやアジなどの小魚のウロコ取りやさばき方を学ぶことができます。","In one of these, visitors can learn how to descale and fillet a small fish such as a mackerel or horse mackerel caught locally."]
[10002,"和歌山県","一般社団法人紀州の環（和歌山県由良町登録DMO）","食","しらす","しらす","whitebait","アカモク丼では、ご飯の上に他のトッピング (多くの場合、生卵、しらす、大葉、場合によってはアボカドなど) を添えて提供されます。","In akamoku-don, it is served on top of rice with an accompaniment of other toppings such as raw egg, whitebait, perilla leaf, and sometimes avocado."]
[10007,"和歌山県","一般社団法人紀州の環（和歌山県由良町登録DMO）","食","麹","こうじ","koji","米、大豆、大麦を混ぜ合わせたものからできた麹菌で細かく刻んだ野菜を発酵させれば、金山寺味噌ができあがる。","Kinzanji miso is made from chopped vegetables that are fermented with a koji mold derived from a blend of rice, soybeans, and barley. "]
[10010,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","鉄鉱石","てっこうせき","iron ore","考古学的な遺跡から、日本における最古の製鉄は鉄鉱石を用いたものであったことが判明している。","Archaeological remains indicate that the earliest known smelting of iron in Japan was done using iron ore. "]
[10014,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","鉄塊","てっかい","iron ingots","これを容易にするため、多くの製鉄所は低品位の鉄を販売可能な鉄塊に変える鍛冶場を開いた。","To facilitate this, many ironworks opened forges where low-grade iron could be turned into salable iron ingots."]
[10020,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","固定炭素","こていたんそ","fixed carbon content","たたら炭は低温で長時間加熱されるため、揮発性有機物が多く残り、固定炭素の含有量が少なく、より早く、より熱く燃えた。","Tatara charcoal was heated longer at a lower temperature, leaving more volatile organic matter and a lower fixed carbon content, which meant it burned faster and hotter."]
[10025,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","鉧","けら","kera","3日間連続で操業した後、炉は解体され、ケラは冷やすために廃墟から引きずり出される。","After three straight days of operation, the furnace is demolished and the kera is dragged out from the ruins to cool.","※注解を付ける場合は「bloom」を用いる。"]
[10030,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","社会","廃刀令","はいとうれい","Sword Abolishment Edict ","刀鍛冶業は、1876年に発令された廃刀令によって脅かされ、民間人（旧士族を含む）が刀剣を所持することは違法とされた。","The swordsmithing trade was threatened by the Sword Abolishment Edict of 1876, which made it illegal for any civilian (including former samurai) to carry a sword."]
[10034,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","番子","ばんこ","banko","バンコは交代でふいごの中央に立ち、両足を動く板の上に乗せた。","The banko took turns standing in the center of the bellows with each foot on a wooden pedal. "]
[10037,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","滑車装置","かっしゃそうち","tackle","そこでは、重さ１トン強の破砕機が水車を動力とする滑車装置で空中に吊り上げられ、ブルームに投下されて細かく砕かれた。","There, a drop hammer weighing more than 1 metric ton was hoisted into the air using a waterwheel-powered tackle and dropped onto the bloom to break it into smaller chunks."]
[10042,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","建造物等","長屋","ながや","rowhouse","小さな区画には家族全員が住み、長屋の住人は全員、2か所ある村の共同浴場を利用した。","An entire family lived in each compact unit, and the occupants of the rowhouse all used two communal village baths."]
[10048,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","史跡","今佐屋山遺跡","いまさややまいせき"," Imasayayama archaeological dig site","この製錬の副産物である鉄滓の塊は、島根県邑南町の今佐屋山遺跡から発掘された。","These chunks of slag (byproduct of the smelting process) were excavated from the Imasayayama archaeological dig site in Ōnan, Shimane Prefecture. "]
[10049,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","耐久性","たいきゅうせい","durability","上記の郡（布施、三所、三沢、横田）から産出される鉄は、耐久性があり、さまざまなものを鍛造するのに適している。","The iron from the above-mentioned townships [Fuse, Mitokoro, Mizawa, and Yokota] is durable and well suited for forging into various objects."]
[10054,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","多孔質","たこうしつ","porous","直接法では、炉の底にケラと呼ばれる多孔質の鉄と鋼の塊ができる。","The direct method creates a porous mass of iron and steel, called a kera, which forms at the bottom of the furnace."]
[10057,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","製鉄所","せいてつじょ","ironworks","このセクションの展示は、西洋からの新技術の出現の前後で、地元の製鉄所がどのように製鉄・製鋼業に機能していたかを説明している。","The exhibits in this section describe the function of local ironworks in the iron and steelmaking industry, both before and after the advent of new technologies from the West."]
[10065,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会","その他","指導","しどう","supervision","この展示ケースの中にある刀を、博物館のスタッフの指導のもと、実際に持ってみることができる。","Visitors can try holding the sword in this display case under the supervision of museum staff. "]
[10067,"島根県","鉄の道文化圏推進協議会",null,"粘土","ねんど","clay","この規模のたたら炉を建設するには、約4トンの粘土が必要だった。 ","Building a tatara furnace of this size required roughly 4 metric tons of clay."]
[10072,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","建造物等","ドーマー窓","どーまーまど"," dormer windows","この建物は、屋根に沿ったドーマー窓や、ドーム型の尖塔を備えた八角形のスティープルなど、ゼツェッシオン様式の要素を示している。","The building has elements of Secession-style architecture, such as the dormer windows along the roof and the octagonal steeple with a domed spire.","※単数形の場合は、「dormer window」にする。"]
[10077,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","その他","焼夷弾","しょういだん","incendiary bomb","そして1945年7月2日未明、アメリカのB29爆撃機が下関に焼夷弾を投下し、神社は火災で焼失した。","Then, in the early hours of July 2, 1945, American B-29s dropped incendiary bombs on Shimonoseki, and the shrine was destroyed in the ensuing fire."]
[10081,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","建造物等","白熱灯","はくねつとう","incandescent lamp","車の中には、時代錯誤な畳の座席と白熱灯の間に通路がある。","A route leads through the car and between its anachronistic tatami seats and incandescent lamps."]
[10084,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","社会","財閥","ざいばつ","financial conglomerate","瓜生商会は関門海峡における英国権益の事実上の代理店となり、やがて2つの大財閥の石炭輸出を手がけるようになった。","Their business quickly became the de facto representative of British interests in the Kanmon Strait, and in due course, it came to handle the international coal exports of not one but two major financial conglomerates: Mitsui and Mitsubishi."]
[10089,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","建造物等","ペディメント","ぺでぃめんと","pediment","アーチ型のエントランスの上部には湾曲したペディメントがあり、その両脇には付柱が配されている。","The arched entrance is topped with a curved pediment and flanked by pilasters."]
[10095,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","乗物","屋外デッキ","しつがいでっき","exposed top deck","天候が許せば、フェリーの屋外デッキに乗って、海峡と両岸の港町を堪能するのもいいだろう。","If the weather allows, riding on the exposed top deck of the ferry affords the best view of the water and the port cities on both sides of the strait."]
[10100,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","社会","下駄","げた","geta","清滝の狭い石垣の路地には、かつて三味線のリズミカルな音と、高級料亭での客との待ち合わせに急ぐ芸者の下駄の音が響いていた。","Kiyotaki’s narrow, stone-walled lanes once echoed with the rhythmic plucking of shamisen and the clatter of geta (wooden clogs) as geisha hurried to rendezvous with clients at high-class restaurants.","※「geta」は英語圏で一般的に知られているため、斜体表記は不要。"]
[10105,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","郷土景観","関門海峡","かんもんかいきょう","Kanmon Strait","アトリウムの中心には、日本最大級の162平方メートルの曲面プロジェクタースクリーンがあり、関門海峡の過去と現在を描いたアクション満載の4つのアニメーションが上映されている。","At the center of the atrium is a 162-square-meter curved projector screen (one of the largest in Japan) that shows four action-packed animations depicting the past and present of the Kanmon Strait. "]
[10107,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","建造物等","スレート屋根","すれーとやね","slate roof","むき出しの木材、スレート屋根、モルタルの縞模様はすべてドイツのデザインを想起させるもので、日本建築では異例な左右非対称の窓がある。","The exposed timber, slate roof, and stippled mortar all evoke German design, and the asymmetry of the windows is atypical in Japanese architecture."]
[10112,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","島しょ","海路","かいろ・うみじ","naval route","本州と九州を隔てるこの狭くて流れの速い海峡は、古代から重要な海路だった。","This narrow, swift-flowing strait separating Honshu and Kyushu has been a key naval route since ancient times."]
[10114,"山口県","関門インバウンド受入協議会","レジャー・アクティビティ　","夜景","やけい","nighttime view","\"日本夜景遺産 \"に認定された夜景は必見である。","Don’t miss the nighttime view, which has been designated a “Night View Heritage of Japan.”"]
[10119,"山口県","やまぐち萩往還語り部の会","史跡","萩往還","はぎおうかん","Hagi Okan highway","天花坂口坂は歴史街道萩往還のもっとも急な区間の始点です。","Tenge-sakaguchi is the beginning of the steepest section of the historic Hagi Okan highway. "]
[10124,"山口県","やまぐち萩往還語り部の会","時代・歴史組織・団体","隠れキリシタン","かくれきりしたん","Hidden Christians","隠れキリシタンの絵が描かれた仏教風の石灯籠などの工芸品は宗教が非合法化された後、孤立したコミュニティで秘密裏に信仰を維持した隠れキリシタンの生活について説明しています。","Artifacts including Buddhist-style stone lanterns with concealed Christian imagery offer insights into the lives of Hidden Christians (kakure kirishitan) who maintained their faith in secrecy in isolated communities after the religion was outlawed."]
[10128,"福岡県","「西の都」日本遺産活性化協議会","人物・人名・役職名","大伴旅人","おおとものたびと","Ōtomo no Tabito","大宰権帥の一人であった大伴旅人（665-731）は、梅の宴を催し、現在の日本の年号「令和」の由来となった歌を詠んだ。","One of Dazaifu’s provisional governors-general, Ōtomo no Tabito (665–731), held a plum-blossom party that produced the poem from which the current Japanese era name—Reiwa—is drawn.","※人名（大伴旅人）固有名詞であるため、「Ōtomo」と「Tabito」の頭文字を大文字にする。「no」はノビリアリー・パーティクルと呼ばれる不変化詞であるため、小文字で表記。\n※「no」なしの表記も可能。\n※マクロン（長音符号）が使われている場合は「大」の「o」の上に横棒をつける。"]
[10135,"福岡県","「西の都」日本遺産活性化協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","山城","やまじろ","mountain fortress","大野城は日本最古の山城である。","Ōnojō is the oldest known mountain fortress in Japan.","※「mountaintop fortification」という表記も可能。"]
[10136,"福岡県","「西の都」日本遺産活性化協議会","年中行事","観梅会","かんばいかい","plum-blossom viewing parties ","9世紀当時、梅を栽培し、観梅会を催すことは高尚な文化的営みであり、道真公はそれに深く傾倒していた。","In the ninth century, cultivating plum trees and hosting plum-blossom viewing parties were expressions of high culture, and Michizane was deeply devoted to them."]
[10142,"福岡県","「西の都」日本遺産活性化協議会","社会","律令制","りつりょうせい","the ritsuryō system","大宰府の役所は、律令制と呼ばれる広範な行政組織の一部として（中略）税を管理していた。律令制とは、7世紀半ばに中国唐代（618～907年）の厳格な統治制度を模倣して制定された一連の法律法規である。","The government offices at Dazaifu managed taxes...as a part of a wide-reaching administrative organization called the ritsuryō system: a series of legal codes implemented in the mid-seventh century in imitation of the rigorous political administration of Tang-dynasty China (618–907)."]
[10147,"福岡県","「西の都」日本遺産活性化協議会","社会","西の都","にしのみやこ","“capital of the West” (nishi no miyako)","太宰府は「西の都」としての役割を全うし続けた。","Dazaifu persisted in its role as “capital of the West” (nishi no miyako)."]
[10152,"長崎県","大村市観光交流都市（まち）づくり推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","家臣","かしん","retainer","本経寺には、一族や家臣と共に、大村家の歴代藩主13人の墓がある。","Honkyoji Temple contains the graves of 13 lords of Omura along with their family members and retainers."]
[10154,"長崎県","大村市観光交流都市（まち）づくり推進協議会","植物","栽培品種","さいばいひんしゅ","cultivar group","これらの桜の木は、八重咲種であり、八重咲栽培品種であるサトザクラの突然変異とみなされる。","Both cherry trees have double-petaled blossoms, and are considered mutations of Sato-zakura, a double-petaled cultivar group of cherries."]
[10159,"長崎県","大村市観光交流都市（まち）づくり推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","望楼","ぼうろう","watchtower","玖島城は、海につながる、一続きになったお堀で守られており、石でできた大きな壁や木でできた望楼があった。","The castle was protected by a series of moats connected to the sea, with substantial stone walls and wooden watchtowers."]
[10166,"長崎県","大村市観光交流都市（まち）づくり推進協議会","その他","棒給","ほうきゅう","stipend","このような違反の罪を犯しているとみなされた武家は、その称号や棒給を失うこともあり得た。","Samurai families deemed guilty of such infractions could lose their titles and stipends."]
[10170,"長崎県","大村市観光交流都市（まち）づくり推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","櫓","やぐら","turret","玖島城の南側の城壁にある木でできた2階建ての櫓から、城のお堀と大村湾の眺めを楽しむことができる。","A two-story wooden turret on the southern rampart of Kushima Castle affords views of the castle’s moats and Omura Bay. "]
[10171,"長崎県","大村市観光交流都市（まち）づくり推進協議会","動物","ヒヨドリ","ひよどり","brown-eared bulbul","寒い時期には、大村公園は、ヒヨドリ、晩秋に北海道から南に飛んでいく灰色の羽の鳴禽類などの種の住処となっている。","In the colder months, the park is home to species such as the brown-eared bulbul, a gray-feathered songbird that flies south from Hokkaido in late autumn."]
[10176,"長崎県","五島市観光資源整備協議会","自然現象","溶岩洞窟","ようがんどうくつ","Lava tube","溶岩洞窟は、噴火した溶岩が流路の岩石を溶かしながら下山することで形成される。","Lava tubes are formed when erupting lava moves downhill, melting a channel into the rock as it flows."]
[10182,"長崎県","五島市観光資源整備協議会","人物・人名・役職名","倭寇","わこう","marauders who raided settlements on the Korean and Chinese coasts (wako)","この交易の豊かさが海賊行為や、朝鮮半島や中国沿岸の集落を襲う倭寇と呼ばれる略奪者の台頭を引き寄せた。","This wealth of trade attracted pirates and led to the rise of marauders called wako, who raided settlements on the Korean and Chinese coasts.","※「wako」（ローマ字）の記載は場合によって不要。ローマ字を記載する場合は、斜体で表記。\n※マクロン（長音符号）が使われている場合は「wako」の「o」の上に横棒をつける。"]
[10185,"長崎県","五島市観光資源整備協議会","その他","鯨漁","くじらりょう","whaling","現在では鯨漁は行われていないが、江戸時代（1603～1867年）には福江で鯨漁が盛んに行われ、島の社会的・文化的発展に影響を与えた。","Although no longer practiced, whaling was a booming industry in Fukue during the Edo period (1603–1867) and influenced the island’s social and cultural development."]
[10189,"長崎県","五島市観光資源整備協議会","年中行事","念仏踊り","ねんぶつおどり","nenbutsu odori","日本各地の夏祭りでは、念仏踊りが行われる。念仏踊りは、踊り、音楽、阿弥陀仏の呼び名を組み合わせた仏教の修行法である。","Across Japan, many summer festivals include groups performing the nenbutsu odori, a Buddhist practice combining ritual dance, music, and the invocation of Amida Buddha’s name. ","※初回のみ「a Buddhist practice combining ritual dance, music, and the invocation of Amida Buddha’s name」並びの説明を加える。"]
[10194,"長崎県","五島市観光資源整備協議会","海岸・岬","白良ヶ浜砂丘","しららがはまさきゅう","Shiraragahama Sand Dunes","白良ヶ浜砂丘は、移り変わりの激しい生態系である。","The Shiraragahama Sand Dunes are an ecosystem in transition."]
[10199,"長崎県","五島市観光資源整備協議会","その他","遣唐使船","けんとうしせん","envoy ships that traveled to Tang China","一角には、7世紀から9世紀にかけて唐に渡った遣唐使船に関する展示があり、大きな船のレプリカもある。","One corner contains a large ship replica and other displays describing the envoy ships that traveled to Tang China in the seventh through ninth centuries."]
[10205,"熊本県","山鹿市観光推進協議会","その他","一行","いっこう","retinue","言い伝えによると、景行天皇の一行が菊池川沿いを進んでいるときに困っていると、景行天皇を助けようと山鹿の村民が松明を掲げた。","According to legend, when the emperor’s retinue was having difficulty traveling along the Kikuchi River, the villagers of Yamaga brought torches to aid his passage."]
[10206,"熊本県","山鹿市観光推進協議会","自然現象","酸化鉄","さんかてつ","iron oxide","赤色には、酸化鉄が豊富な焼土が使われており、白色と黒色には、粘土とマンガンが使われている。","The red color was applied using burnt soil rich in iron oxide, while clay and manganese were used for the white and black colors."]
[10214,"熊本県","菊池市","植物","ムク","むく","muku tree (Aphananthe aspera)","将軍木は樹齢600年を超えるムクの巨木である。","The Shogun Tree is a giant muku tree (Aphananthe aspera) that is more than 600 years old."]
[10217,"熊本県","菊池市","社会","蒙古襲来","もうこしゅうらい","Mongol invasions of Japan","円通寺は、1274年と1281年の蒙古襲来を撃退したことで知られる英雄、菊池武房（1245-1285）の時代に大切な寺院に成長した。","Entsuji grew into a major temple during the time of Kikuchi Takefusa (1245–1285), a heroic figure known for his role in repelling the Mongol invasions of Japan in 1274 and 1281."]
[10222,"熊本県","菊池市","神社・寺院・神仏等","安国寺","あんこくじ","“temple for the Peace of the Country” (Ankokuji)","1339年、尊氏は自らの支配を確実なものとした上で、すべての国に安国寺を建立するよう命じた。","In 1339, with his rule secure, Takauji ordered a “temple for the Peace of the Country” (Ankokuji) to be built in every province.","※「安国寺」という名称を解説する際に利用できる用語（説明）として。"]
[10223,"熊本県","菊池市","建造物等","亀趺","きふ","kifu","現在の墓石は、江戸時代（1603年～1867年）のある時期に、中国神話で縁起が良いとされた亀と蛇の形をした亀趺（きふ）の台座の上に立てられたものである。","The current headstone was erected at some point during the Edo period (1603–1867), on a base in the shape of a kifu, a Chinese mythological creature with the features of a turtle and a snake that was considered auspicious."]
[10229,"熊本県","菊池市","城跡・城郭・宮殿","中世城郭","ちゅうせじょうかく","medieval fortress","菊池市中心部の南西に位置する丘の上の亀尾城は、菊池氏が城下町・隈府を守るために築いた十数か所の中世城郭のひとつだった。","The hilltop Kameo Fort southwest of central Kikuchi was one of more than a dozen medieval fortresses built by the Kikuchi clan to protect the castle town of Waifu.","※中世の「城」を「castle」と表記するより、こちらの表現が的確であることが多い。"]
[10233,"熊本県","菊池市","人物・人名・役職名","守護","しゅご","governor (shugo)","勝利した天皇は菊池氏の忠誠に報いるため、武重を肥後国守護とした。","The victorious emperor rewarded the Kikuchi for their loyal service by making Takeshige governor (shugo) of Higo Province."]
[10240,"熊本県","阿蘇カルデラツーリズム推進協議会（多言語解説整備部会）","神社・寺院・神仏等","上宮","じょうぐう","upper shrine (jogu)","下宮（the lower shrine）はカルデラ底に広がる阿蘇市にあり、阿蘇山上神社（文字通り、「阿蘇山の上の神社」という意味）という正式名称を持つ上宮（the upper shrine）は、阿蘇山頂付近、噴火口からほんの百メートルちょっと下方に鎮座しています。","The lower shrine (gegu) is in the city of Aso on the caldera floor, while the upper shrine (jogu), officially named Asosanjo Jinja (literally, “Aso Mountaintop Shrine”), sits near the summit of Mt. Aso, a little more than a hundred meters below the volcanic crater."]
[10241,"熊本県","阿蘇カルデラツーリズム推進協議会（多言語解説整備部会）","人物・人名・役職名","健磐龍命","たけいわたつのみこと","Takeiwatatsu no Mikoto","その十二柱のうち、特に重要な三柱は、健磐龍命、その妻阿蘇都比咩命、そして彼らの孫の彦御子神です。","Of the 12, three are of particular importance: Takeiwatatsu no Mikoto, his wife Asotsuhime no Mikoto, and their grandchild Hikomiko no Kami."]
[10247,"熊本県","阿蘇カルデラツーリズム推進協議会（多言語解説整備部会）","年中行事","田実祭","たのみさい","festival of the fruit of the field”(Tanomi-sai)","9月下旬には、米の収穫を祝う「田実祭（田の実りの祭り）」が行われます。","In late September, the “festival of the fruit of the field” (Tanomi-sai) is held to celebrate the rice harvest."]
[10252,"熊本県","阿蘇カルデラツーリズム推進協議会（多言語解説整備部会）","建造物等","写経ケ橋","しゃきょうがばし"," Shakyogabashi (“bridge of sutra copying”)","西巌殿寺のすぐ左手には、「写経ケ橋（bridge of sutra copying）」と呼ばれる溶岩の道があります。","Just to the left of Saigandenji Temple is a lava-rock path known as the Shakyogabashi (“bridge of sutra copying”). "]
[10257,"熊本県","阿蘇カルデラツーリズム推進協議会（多言語解説整備部会）","集落・街","肥後国","ひごのくに","Higo Province","1588年、戦国武将・豊臣秀吉は、加藤清正（1562-1611）の島津氏討伐と九州平定における武功に報いるため、彼に肥後国（現在の熊本県）の支配権を与えました。","In 1588, warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi awarded Kato Kiyomasa (1562–1611) control of Higo Province (modern-day Kumamoto Prefecture) to thank him for his help in defeating the Shimazu clan and pacifying Kyushu."]
[10261,"大分県","竹田市多言語解説協議会（予定）","工芸・美術","梵鐘","ぼんしょう","Buddhist bell","この方法は、日本で梵鐘を鋳造する際に伝統的に用いられてきた。","This method was traditionally used when casting Buddhist bells in Japan."]
[10264,"大分県","竹田市多言語解説協議会（予定）","工芸・美術","障子","しょうじ","shoji sliding panel","畳敷き、障子、伝統的な日本庭園に西洋の品々が展示され、明治時代（1868-1912）の生活を垣間見ることができる。","The house provides a glimpse into life during the Meiji era (1868–1912), with Western items displayed in traditional-style rooms with tatami flooring, shoji sliding panels, and a traditional Japanese garden."]
[10269,"大分県","竹田市多言語解説協議会（予定）","神社・寺院・神仏等","天女","てんにょ","tennyo","愛染堂の内壁は、死者を極楽浄土に導く天使のような「天女」など、仏教の天国を描いた壁画で飾られている。","The interior walls of Aizendo are decorated with murals depicting heavenly beings such as the tennyo, celestial figures that lead the dead to paradise."]
[10275,"大分県","竹田市多言語解説協議会（予定）","山岳","くじゅう連山","くじゅうれんざん","Kuju mountain range","山頂からはくじゅう連山や祖母山、活火山である阿蘇山を望むことができる。","The Kuju mountain range, as well as Mt. Sobo and the active volcano Mt. Aso, are visible from the top of the site."]
[10276,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島国立公園多言語解説協議会（予定）","植物","垂直分布","すいちょくぶんぷ","vertical distribution","特筆に値する島の植生の垂直分布は、屋久島が1993年、日本初のユネスコ世界自然遺産登録されることに寄与しました。","The remarkable vertical distribution of plant life on the island contributed to Yakushima’s selection as Japan’s first UNESCO World Natural Heritage site in 1993."]
[10280,"鹿児島県","（屋久島国立公園）屋久島国立公園多言語解説協議会（予定）","植物","土埋木","どまいぼく","domaiboku","途中には、切り株更新（切り株から別の木が生え育つこと）や土埋木（伐採業者が伐ったまま廃棄した屋久杉の一部分）の例をいくつか見ることができる。","Along the way are several examples of stump regeneration (trees regrown from stumps) and of domaiboku (discarded sections of yakusugi trees left by loggers).","※「domaiboku」は現状一般名詞ではないローマ字なので斜体で表記して、「discarded sections of yakusugi trees left by loggers」を説明として加える。説明は初回のみ記載する。"]
[10287,"鹿児島県","伊仙町","芸能・興行・イベント","勢子","せこ","seko","日本の闘牛はスペインの闘牛とは異なり、勢子と呼ばれる「コーチ」に鼓舞されながら牛同士が戦います。","Unlike bullfighting in Spain, bull sumo pits the bulls against each other, spurred on by “coaches” known as seko. "]
[10292,"鹿児島県","伊仙町","海岸・岬","小原海岸","こばるかいがん","Kobaru Beach","このトレイルの起点は、少なくとも明治時代（1868-1912）から徳之島島民に愛されてきた小原海岸へと続く急な下り坂が始まる地点です。","This trailhead marks the starting point for the steep descent to Kobaru Beach, a favorite location for Tokunoshima islanders since at least the Meiji era (1868–1912). "]
[10294,"鹿児島県","伊仙町","建造物等","前里屋敷","まえざとやしき","Maezato Residence","1931年に建てられた前里屋敷は、集落のかつての威光の象徴です。この家は、その原型を可能な限り残しながら丁寧に修復され、現在は集いの場として利用されています。","Built in 1931, Maezato Residence is a symbol of the village’s historical prestige. It has been lovingly restored, preserving as much of its character as possible, and is now used as a social gathering place."]
[10299,"鹿児島県","伊仙町","神社・寺院・神仏等","新田神社","あらたじんじゃ","Arata Shrine","新田神社のご利益は、日本一の出生率を誇り\"子宝の島 \"と呼ばれる徳之島の人々の間で高く評価されています。","Arata Shrine’s powers are highly regarded among the people of Tokunoshima, which boasts the highest childbirth rate in Japan and has been called the “Island of Treasured Children.” "]
[10304,"鹿児島県","伊仙町","庭園・公園","瀬田海海浜公園","せたかいひんこうえん","Seta Seaside Park","瀬田海海浜公園へようこそ。この場所はかつて、鹿浦港が開港するまで島々や島内を行き来する船が発着する港でした。","Welcome to Seta Seaside Park. This location was once a port for seagoing ships that plied the inter-island waters until the opening of Shikaura Port. "]
[10308,"新潟県","新潟県上越市","神社・寺院・神仏等","勝ち守り","かちまもり","kachi-mamori","勝ち守りは剣道・柔道・受験などでの成功を求める人々に人気がある。","Talismans thought to ensure victory (kachi-mamori) are popular among those seeking success in pursuits such as kendo, judo, or school and university entrance exams."]
[10311,"新潟県","新潟県上越市","その他","名水","めいすい","famous spring","この水は特に茶やコーヒーの淹れに適しているとされ、新潟県の「名水」に選定されている。","The water is said to be especially suited for preparing tea and coffee, and the spring has been designated a “famous spring” of Niigata Prefecture."]
[10318,"新潟県","新潟県上越市","人物・人名・役職名","守護","しゅご","governor","その中には関東管領（将軍の地域代理人）や越後（現在の新潟県）守護の称号も含まれていた。","Among these titles was the Kanto kanrei, or shogunal deputy in the region, and governor of Echigo Province (today’s Niigata Prefecture)."]
[10322,"新潟県","新潟県上越市","食","懐石料理","かいせきりょうり","kaiseki cuisine","季節の懐石料理を専門とし、毎日昼・夜の営業を行っている。","The restaurant specializes in seasonal kaiseki cuisine and offers lunch and dinner service daily in the dining hall."]
[10327,"新潟県","新潟県上越市","植物","カヤの木","かやのき","Japanese torreya (kaya; Torreya nucifera)","この像は一本のカヤの木（Torreya nucifera）の木から彫られており、制作は12世紀後半に遡ると考えられている。","The statue was carved from a single piece of Japanese torreya (kaya; Torreya nucifera) wood and is believed to date back to the late twelfth century. "]
[10332,"新潟県","新潟県上越市","植物","カラムシ","からむし","ramie (Chinese nettle; Boehmeria nivea)","この繊維は、野原や山麓に広く自生するカラムシ（Boehmeria nivea）を畑地で育成したものから採取される。","The fiber is extracted from the cultivated ramie (Chinese nettle; Boehmeria nivea) plant, which is also commonly found in fields and the foothills of mountains."]
[10334,"新潟県","NPOジョーモネスクジャパン","建造物等","竪穴住居","たてあなじゅうきょ","Pit dwellings","竪穴住居は、木の柱で支えられていたと考えられる屋根を特徴としていました。","Pit dwellings featured roofs that may have been supported by wooden posts. "]
[10339,"新潟県","NPOジョーモネスクジャパン","史跡","沖ノ原遺跡","おきのはら","Okinohara site","新潟県に位置する沖ノ原遺跡は、縄文時代（紀元前15,000～900年）との深い関わりで知られています。縄文時代は、定住的な暮らしと狩猟採集生活を組み合わせた生活様式、そして独自の土器文化が特徴の時代です。","The Okinohara site in Niigata Prefecture is notable for its connection to the Jomon period (15,000–900 BCE), which is characterized by a combination of sedentary living and a hunter-gather lifestyle, as well as the production of distinctive pottery."]
[10341,"新潟県","NPOジョーモネスクジャパン","その他","煤","すす","soot","大型であることや煤（すす）の付着が見られることから、共同での調理に使用された可能性がある一方、その視覚的に強い印象を与える造形から、祭祀や儀礼、その他の社会的行事で用いられた可能性も指摘されています。","The large size of the vessels and the presence of soot marks suggest they may have been used for cooking, while the visually striking design indicates their possible role in rituals, ceremonies, or other social functions."]
[10346,"新潟県","NPOジョーモネスクジャパン","工芸・美術","腰機","こしばた","backstrap looms","織りは、簡易的な腰機（こしばた）や、地面に設置した枠状の織機を使って行われていた可能性があります。","Weaving was probably done using simple backstrap looms or frames set on the ground. "]
[10351,"新潟県","NPOジョーモネスクジャパン","史跡","貝塚","かいづか","shell middens","貝塚や集落遺跡の発掘調査、炭化物の分析などの考古学的研究により、縄文人が何を食べていたのか、季節ごとの食生活、そして調理方法について多くのことが明らかになっています。","Archaeological research, including excavations of shell middens and settlement sites, as well as analysis of carbonized remains, provides evidence of the types of foods people consumed, their seasonal habits, and their methods of food preparation."]
[10355,"千葉県","鋸山日本遺産「候補地域」活用推進協議会","岩石・洞窟","房州石","ぼうしゅういし","Boshu stone","この堆積物が他の岩石や砂と混ざり合って、二種類の房州石を生み出しました。","The sediment mixed with other rocks and sand, creating two types of Boshu stone."]
[10362,"静岡県","富士宮市","神社・寺院・神仏等","富士山本宮浅間大社","ふじさんほんぐうせんげんたいしゃ","Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha","富士山本宮浅間大社は、富士山の神々を祀る全国約1,300社の浅間神社の総本宮です。","Fujisan Hongū Sengen Taisha is the head shrine for some 1,300 Sengen shrines around the country that venerate the deities of Mt. Fuji, an active volcano."]
[10365,"静岡県","富士宮市","神社・寺院・神仏等","護摩木","ごまぎ","gomagi","この儀式では、病気や怪我からの守護を願う祈りを「護摩木（ごまぎ）」と呼ばれる木の札に記し、それを焚き上げます。","During the ritual, prayers for protection against illness and injury are written on sticks of wood called gomagi. "]
[10369,"静岡県","富士宮市","神社・寺院・神仏等","山宮御神幸","やまみやごしんこう","Yamamiya Goshinkō","歴史的には、この神社は「山宮御神幸（やまみやごしんこう）」という儀式の目的地でもありました。","Historically, the shrine was the destination for a ritual called the Yamamiya Goshinkō."]
[10374,"静岡県","富士宮市","神社・寺院・神仏等","人穴浅間神社","ひとあなせんげんじんじゃ","Hitoana Sengen Jinja Shrine ","その後、代わりとして最初の人穴浅間神社が建てられました。","The first Hitoana Sengen Jinja Shrine was built here as a replacement. "]
[10379,"長野県","長野県東御市","神社・寺院・神仏等","注連縄","しめなわ","shimenawa","幹に掛けられた重い注連縄と、その縄から吊るされたジグザグ状の折り紙は、神道の伝統において聖域の境界線となるものです。","Both the heavy shimenawa rope draped around the trunk and the folded-paper zigzags hanging from the rope demarcate holy spaces in the Shinto tradition. "]
[10381,"長野県","長野県東御市","年中行事","ひな祭り","ひなまつり","The Hina Matsuri","ひな祭りは2015年に始まりました。伝統的に、このひな祭りは、天皇と皇后を象徴するひな人形を段飾りに飾る行事です。","The Hina Matsuri was launched in 2015. Traditionally, this doll festival involves displaying hina dolls that represent the emperor and empress on a tiered altar."]
[10386,"長野県","長野県東御市","建造物等","出し桁造り","だしげたづくり","dashigeta-zukuri","これらは出し桁造りとして知られる技法を用いて作られており、ここで棟木（構造物を横方向に支える部材）が壁から大きく突き出ているため、屋根を外側に張り出して奥まった軒を作り、人々が雨風をしのげるようになっています。","These are created using a technique known as dashigeta-zukuri, where the purlins (fixtures that extend horizontally across a structure) protrude a long way from the wall, making it possible to extend the roof outward and create deep eaves where people can shelter from the elements. "]
[10393,"長野県","長野県東御市","郷土景観","湯の丸高原","ゆのまるこうげん","Yunomaru Highland","浅間山の西麓にある湯の丸高原は、東御で最も人気の高い観光地です。","Yunomaru Highland, on the western flanks of Mt. Asama, is the most popular tourist site in Tomi. "]
[10397,"滋賀県","長浜市","博物館・美術館","高月観音の里歴史民俗資料館","たかつきかんのんのさとれきしみんぞくしとうかん","Takatsuki Kannon-no-Sato History and Folklore Museum","長浜の名高い観音像を拝観するには、高月観音の里歴史民俗資料館の観音コンシェルジュにお問い合わせください。","To arrange a viewing of Nagahama’s celebrated Kannon statues, please contact the Kannon Concierge at the Takatsuki Kannon-no-Sato History and Folklore Museum."]
[10398,"滋賀県","長浜市","神社・寺院・神仏等","渡岸寺","どうがんじ","Dōganji Temple","渡岸寺観音堂は、聖武天皇（701–756）の御代、736年に創建されたと伝えられています。","渡岸寺観音堂は、聖武天皇（701–756）の御代、736年に創建されたと伝えられています。\nDōganji Temple is said to have been established in 736 during the reign of Emperor Shōmu (701–756), who is known for his promotion of Buddhism and completion of the Great Buddha of Nara. "]
[10404,"滋賀県","長浜市","神社・寺院・神仏等","赤後寺","しゃくごじ","Shakugoji Temple","平和が戻ると赤後寺の本堂に戻されました。","When danger subsided, it was returned to Shakugoji Temple’s main hall."]
[10409,"滋賀県","長浜市","神社・寺院・神仏等","和蔵堂","わくらどう","Wakuradō Repository","和蔵堂は長浜市山門にある善隆寺の境内にありますが、独立したお堂で、和蔵講と呼ばれる4軒の家族によって守られています。","The Wakuradō Repository is located on the grounds of Zenryūji Temple in Nagahama’s Yamakado neighborhood but is independent of the temple itself and is tended to by a group of four families known as the Wakurakō."]
[10412,"滋賀県","長浜市","神社・寺院・神仏等","秘仏","ひぶつ","hibutsu, or “hidden Buddha” ","観音像は秘仏とされ、長い間公開されませんでした。","The statue was enshrined as a hibutsu, or “hidden Buddha”, and was hidden from public view for many years."]
[10416,"滋賀県","長浜市","神社・寺院・神仏等","螺髪","らほつ","spiral rahotsu hair curls","左の如来像の頭部には、螺髪が巻かれており、仏であることの象徴となっています。","The buddha head on the left is topped with spiral rahotsu hair curls, a symbol of buddhahood."]
[10421,"滋賀県","湖南市","建造物等","格子戸","こうしど","lattice doors","四方すべてに備わった格子戸は、開放感を高める珍しい要素となっています。","The lattice doors on all four sides are an unusual element that enhances the sense of openness."]
[10426,"滋賀県","湖南市","神社・寺院・神仏等","常楽寺","じょうらくじ","Jorakuji","常楽寺は天台宗に属し、本尊として観音菩薩の化身である千手観音を祀っています。","Jorakuji belongs to the Tendai school of Buddhism and is dedicated to the Thousand-Armed Kannon, a manifestation of the Bodhisattva of Compassion."]
[10432,"滋賀県","湖南市","時代・歴史組織・団体","戦国時代","せんごくじだい","Sengoku (Warring States) period","三雲城は、日本の戦国時代（1467～1568）に築かれました。足利幕府による支配の崩壊後、ほぼ絶え間なく争いが続いた時代です。","Mikumo Castle was built in Japan’s Sengoku (Warring States) period (1467–1568), an era of near-constant conflict that followed the collapse of rule under the Ashikaga shogunate."]
[10433,"滋賀県","湖南市","その他","ほぼ絶え間なく争い","ほぼたえまなくたたかい","near-constant conflict","三雲城は、日本の戦国時代（1467～1568）に築かれました。足利幕府による支配の崩壊後、ほぼ絶え間なく争いが続いた時代です。","Mikumo Castle was built in Japan’s Sengoku (Warring States) period (1467–1568), an era of near-constant conflict that followed the collapse of rule under the Ashikaga shogunate."]
[10440,"滋賀県","湖南市","神社・寺院・神仏等","金剛杵","こんごうしょ","vajra","こうした像の手には、無知を切り裂く剣、悪から身を守る鉾、虚偽を打ち砕く金剛杵など、象徴的な武器が握られています。","Their hands clasp symbolic weapons, such as swords for cutting through ignorance, halberds for defending against evil, and vajra for shattering falsehoods."]
[10444,"兵庫県","湊川神社","人物・人名・役職名","楠木正成","くすのきまさしげ","Kusunoki Masashige","日本史上最も有名で崇敬される武将の一人、楠木正成は、世界最古の君主制の象徴である天皇への揺るぎない忠誠で知られています。","One of the most famous and revered warriors in Japanese history, Kusunoki Masashige is celebrated for his unwavering loyalty to the emperor, the figurehead of the world’s oldest monarchy."]
[10450,"兵庫県","湊川神社","その他","湊川の戦い","みなとがわのたたかい","Battle of Minatogawa","楠本稲荷神社は古くから存在し、1336年の運命的な湊川の戦いよりもさらに古い歴史があります。","Kusumoto Inari Shrine has existed since ancient times, predating even the fateful Battle of Minatogawa in 1336."]
[10451,"兵庫県","湊川神社","工芸・美術","猿楽","さるがく","sarugaku","観阿弥と世阿弥は、猿楽という名で知られる民間芸能を、能と呼ばれる高度に洗練された舞踊劇へと発展させました。","Kan’ami and Zeami transformed the folk performing art known as sarugaku into the highly refined dance-drama called Noh."]
[10456,"兵庫県","湊川神社","人物・人名・役職名","後醍醐天皇","ごだいごてんのう","Go-Daigo","そばで仕える楠木などの忠臣たちに支えられ、後醍醐天皇は1333年に幕府を倒すことに成功し、建武の親政として知られる時代を迎えました。","With loyalists like Kusunoki at his side, Go-Daigo succeeded, toppling the shogunate in 1333 and ushering in what is known as the Kenmu Restoration."]
[10459,"兵庫県","湊川神社","その他","肖像画","しょうぞうが","portrait","肖像画は元々は日本海軍兵学校からの依頼で制作されましたが第二次世界大戦終結時に湊川神社に寄贈されました。","The portrait was originally commissioned by the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy but was donated to Minatogawa Shrine at the close of World War II."]
[10467,"奈良県","世界遺産大峰奥駈道多言語化事業推進協議会\n(金峯山寺)","人物・人名・役職名","普建","ふけん","Fuken","寺伝によれば、これらの像は傅大士（497–569）の息子である普成と普建を表しているとされる。","According to temple tradition, the statues depict Fusei and Fuken (Ch. Fucheng and Fujian), the sons of Fu Daishi (Ch. Fu Xi; 497–569). "]
[10468,"奈良県","世界遺産大峰奥駈道多言語化事業推進協議会\n(金峯山寺)","人物・人名・役職名","傅大士","ふだいし","Fu Daishi","寺伝によれば、これらの像は傅大士（497–569）の息子である普成と普建を表しているとされる。","According to temple tradition, the statues depict Fusei and Fuken (Ch. Fucheng and Fujian), the sons of Fu Daishi (Ch. Fu Xi; 497–569). "]
[10474,"奈良県","世界遺産大峰奥駈道多言語化事業推進協議会\n(金峯山寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","白毫","びゃくごう","byakugo","釈迦如来像の額に埋め込まれた丸いふくらみは白毫（白い巻き毛）を表し、そこから放たれる光が世界を照らすと伝えられる。","The protuberance between Shakyamuni’s brow represents the byakugo, a curl of white hair said to emit a ray of light that illuminates the world. "]
[10479,"奈良県","世界遺産大峰奥駈道多言語化事業推進協議会\n(金峯山寺)","人物・人名・役職名","後鬼","ごき","Goki","本像は、金峯山寺を創建した役行者と、その忠実な従者である鬼の夫婦、前鬼と後鬼を表している。","These statues depict En no Gyoja, the founder of Kinpusenji Temple, flanked by his faithful attendants: the demons Zenki and Goki, who are husband and wife."]
[10483,"奈良県","世界遺産大峰奥駈道多言語化事業推進協議会\n(金峯山寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","護摩供","ごまく","gomaku","蔵王堂では、本像の前で護摩供と呼ばれる古来の法要が行われる。","An ancient fire ritual called gomaku is performed before these statues of En no Gyoja, Zenki, and Goki."]
[10486,"奈良県","長谷寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","豊山派","ぶざんは","Buzan sect","長谷寺は真言宗密教豊山派の総本山である。本尊は高さ10メートルの木造十一面観音像で、慈悲の菩薩である。","Hasedera is the head temple of the Buzan sect of the esoteric Shingon school of Buddhism.","※文章の先頭単語でない場合は「sect」の先頭文字を小文字にする。"]
[10491,"奈良県","長谷寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術","角髪","みずら","mizura","角髪（みずら）と呼ばれる輪状の髪型は思春期の男の子に一般的で、その輪の長さが社会的地位（身分）を示していた。","The looped hairstyle, called mizura, was common for adolescent boys, and the length of the loops indicated social rank. ","※ローマ字であるため、斜体で表記する必要がある。"]
[10497,"奈良県","長谷寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","遺物","いぶつ","relics","仏塔は仏教寺院に多く見られ、通常は聖なる遺物、経典、または仏像を祀る。","Pagodas are commonly found at Buddhist temples and typically enshrine sacred relics, texts, or statuary."]
[10502,"奈良県","長谷寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","道明","どうみょう","Dōmyō\n※マクロン（長音符号）が使われている場合は二つ「o」の上に横棒をつける。","道明は現在の寺の前身である本長谷寺を建立した僧侶である。","Dōmyō is the Buddhist monk who built Moto Hasedera (“original Hasedera”) Temple, the precursor to the current temple."]
[10503,"奈良県","長谷寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","印章","いんしょう","seal","この印章は御守りに押印するほか、参拝者の額に病や災いから守る印として象徴的に押される。","The seal is used for marking talismans and symbolically stamping the foreheads of worshippers to protect them from illness and other misfortunes."]
[10507,"奈良県","長谷寺地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","国営仏教寺院","こくえいぶっきょうじいん","state-sponsored Buddhist temple\n※形容詞として使っているから、「state」と「sponsored」の間にハイフン（-）は必要不可欠。","今日、法螺貝が使われることは稀だが、奈良時代（710–794）に建立された国営仏教寺院、例えば長谷寺、東大寺、薬師寺などでは今も聞くことができる。","Today, horagai are rarely used but can still be heard at state-sponsored Buddhist temples built during the Nara period (710–794), such as Hasedera, Tōdaiji, and Yakushiji. "]
[10514,"奈良県","西ノ京地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","書物","舎利和讃","しゃりわさん","Shari Wasan ","『舎利和讃』は、歴史上の仏陀である釈迦牟尼仏の遺骨（仏舎利）を称え、その本質（サンスクリット語名：ダルマカーヤ）、すなわち仏教の究極の真理が永遠であると宣言する詩歌です。","The Shari Wasan is a poem that venerates the relics of the body of Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, and declares his essence (Sk. dharmakaya), the ultimate truth of Buddhism, to be eternal."]
[10519,"奈良県","西ノ京地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","工芸・美術","『東と西の融合』","ひがしとにしのゆうごう","The Fusion of East and West (Higashi to nishi no yugo)","『東と西の融合』（Higashi to nishi no yugo）と題されたこの壁画は、66枚のパネル、計113枚の板から構成され、全長は157.72メートルに及びます。","The mural titled The Fusion of East and West (Higashi to nishi no yugo) consists of 66 panels of 113 pieces. "]
[10521,"奈良県","西ノ京地域多言語解説整備推進協議会","建造物等","竜宮造り","りゅうぐうづくり","“dragon palace” (ryugu-zukuri) style","伝説では、彼が瞑想中に、日本の民間伝承に登場する竜王の海中の宮殿を思わせる「竜宮造り」の伽藍のビジョンを見たと言われています。","Legend states that while meditating, he saw a vision of the temple complex laid out in the “dragon palace” (ryugu-zukuri) style, which evokes the mythical underwater palace of the dragon king from Japanese folklore. "]
[10526,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(興福寺)","建造物等","羽目石","はめいし","vertical stone slabs","基壇の羽目石がずれている。","The vertical stone slabs at the pagoda’s base are out of alignment."]
[10530,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(春日大社)","工芸・美術","瓶子形","へいじがた","single tapered bands with heart-shaped openings (heijigata)","やがてこの装飾は細い足金物（はるびがた）で巻き留めるようになりました1200年代以降は、ハート形の透かしを持つ、先細りの金属帯（へいじがた）が用いられるようになりました。","These ornate fittings were eventually replaced by pairs of thin metal bands (harubigata) and, from the 1200s onward, single tapered bands with heart-shaped openings (heijigata)."]
[10537,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(春日大社)","工芸・美術","唐草文様","からくさもうよう","scrollwork","鞘は紫檀製で、螺鈿による華麗な唐草文様が施されています。","The rosewood scabbard is decorated with intricate scrollwork in mother-of-pearl."]
[10538,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(春日大社)","年中行事","旬祭","しゅんさい","shunsai","この八脚の机は、春日大社で900年以上にわたり行われてきた神事旬祭の中心的な道具です。","This eight-legged table is central to the Shinto rite of shunsai, which has been performed at Kasugataisha Shrine for over 900 years. "]
[10545,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(春日大社)","その他","雄性","ゆうせい","male aspect","額の一本角は雄性を表し、閉じた口は「ウン」の音を示しています。","The statuette’s single horn represents the male aspect, and its closed mouth represents the voicing of the syllable un."]
[10549,"奈良県","古都奈良の文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(春日大社)","人物・人名・役職名","摂政","せっしょう","imperial regent","この太刀は、摂政の藤原忠実（1079–1162）がその子・忠通（1097–1164）に贈ったものと伝えられています。","According to tradition, this sword was a gift from the imperial regent Fujiwara no Tadazane (1078–1162) to his son Tadamichi (1097–1164)."]
[10554,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(般若寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","経蔵","きょうぞう","a repository for sacred Buddhist texts","この控えめな建物は、少なくとも鎌倉後期（1185–1333）には仏教の経典を収める経蔵として用いられるようになり、以来寺の境内に現存しています。","This modest building has stood on the grounds of Hannyaji Temple since at least the late Kamakura period (1185–1333), when it was made into a repository for sacred Buddhist texts (sutras)."]
[10559,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(般若寺)","時代・歴史組織・団体","源平合戦","げんぺいがっせん","the Genpei War (1180–1185)","般若寺は、平氏と源氏という対立する二つの武家が国の支配権を争った源平合戦（1180～1185）の勃発期に、ほぼ壊滅するほどの被害を受けました。","Hannyaji Temple was nearly destroyed during the onset of the Genpei War (1180–1185), a conflict in which the rival Taira and Minamoto clans fought for control of the country. "]
[10561,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(般若寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","文殊菩薩","もんじゅぼさつ","Monju","文殊菩薩は般若（超越的智慧）の菩薩として、偏りのない真の世界の理解を象徴しています。","Monju is the bodhisattva of transcendent wisdom (hannya), the true, unbiased understanding of the world."]
[10564,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(般若寺)","建造物等","笠塔婆様式","かさとうばようしき","the kasatōba style","これらの石塔は、笠塔婆様式で作られた最古の例です。屋根のような装飾の上に丸い飾りを置くのが特徴です。","These stone monuments are the oldest example of stupas made in the kasatōba style, which is distinguished by a roof-like element topped by a round ornament. "]
[10572,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(円成寺)","人物・人名・役職名","命禅","みょうぜん","the monk Myōzen (dates unknown)","円成寺は1026年に僧・命禅（生没年不詳）によって創建され、幾多の激動の歴史を乗り越え今日まで受け継がれています。","Enjōji Temple was established in 1026 by the monk Myōzen (dates unknown) and has survived centuries of turbulent history. "]
[10573,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(円成寺)","人物・人名・役職名","仏師・運慶","ぶっし・うんけい","the master sculptor Unkei (ca. 1150–1223)","現在は、国宝に指定されている仏師・運慶（1150頃–1223）作の大日如来坐像をはじめ、数多くの文化財が安置されています。","Its grounds house a variety of cultural treasures, including a statue of Dainichi Buddha by the master sculptor Unkei (ca. 1150–1223)."]
[10578,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(円成寺)","工芸・美術","透かし彫り","すかしぼり","openwork","像の背後には阿弥陀如来から放たれる光を象徴する、精緻な透かし彫りの光背が配されています。","The statue is backed by an intricate openwork mandorla that symbolizes light radiating from Amida. "]
[10584,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(円成寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","白山大権現","はくさんだいごんげん","Hakusan Daigongen","右の社殿は日本有数の霊山である白山に鎮座すると信じられている白山大権現が祀られています。","The shrine on the right venerates Hakusan Daigongen, who is believed to reside on Mt. Hakusan, one of Japan’s most revered mountains."]
[10589,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(円成寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","宇賀神","うがじん","Ugajin","この社には、農耕や繁栄と結び付けられる古来の神道の神・宇賀神と、音楽や芸能を司るヒンドゥー教の河の女神である弁才天を祀っています。","This shrine venerates Ugajin, an ancient Shinto deity associated with agriculture and prosperity, and Benzaiten (Sk. Sarasvati), a Hindu river goddess associated with music and the arts. "]
[10592,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(円成寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","梵字の種子","ぼんじのしゅし","Sanskrit seed syllable","この庭園は、寛遍上人（1100〜1166年）によって作庭されたとされ、その形は梵字の種子「バン」を基にしていると言われています。","The garden was designed by the monk Kanpen (1100–1166), who is said to have modeled its layout on the Sanskrit seed syllable vam (Jp. ban). "]
[10596,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(長尾神社)","建造物等","千木","ちぎ","curved finials (chigi)","これらの社殿の千木と呼ばれる反った棟飾りや切妻屋根は、奈良市中心部にある春日大社に見られる春日造りという建築様式に特徴的な意匠です。","Their curved finials (chigi) and gabled roofs are characteristic of kasuga-zukuri, a style of architecture found at Kasuga Taisha Shrine, in central Nara. "]
[10601,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(柳生家老屋敷)","人物・人名・役職名","小山田主鈴","おやまだしゅれい","Oyamada Shurei (1781–1856)","この立派な邸宅は、岩代国（現在の福島県）出身の武士・小山田主鈴（1781～1856）の旧宅です。","This grand residence was the home of Oyamada Shurei (1781–1856), a samurai from Iwashiro Province (now Fukushima Prefecture). "]
[10606,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(芳徳寺)","その他","新陰流","しんかげりゅう","Shinkage-ryū (literally, “new shadow school”) swordsmanship","柳生家は、独自の流派である新陰流の剣術を発展させたことで最もよく知られています。","The Yagyū are most famous for developing their own branch of Shinkage-ryū (literally, “new shadow school\") swordsmanship."]
[10608,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(芳徳寺)","人物・人名・役職名","柳生宗厳","やぎゅうむねよし","Yagyū Muneyoshi (ca. 1527–1606)","新陰流は、剣豪・上泉信綱（1508–1577）によって創始され、その門人の一人に柳生宗厳（1527頃–1606）がいました。","The Shinkage-ryū school was established by the swordsman Kamiizumi Nobutsuna (1508–1577), who took on Yagyū Muneyoshi (ca. 1527–1606) as one of his students. "]
[10616,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(一刀石)","神社・寺院・神仏等","天狗","てんぐ","tengu","伝説によると、この岩は名剣士・柳生宗厳（1527頃–1606）が、天狗と呼ばれる鳥のような神秘的存在と決闘していた際に切り裂いたとされています。","According to legend, it was cut by the famous swordsman Yagyū Muneyoshi (ca. 1527–1606) in a duel with a birdlike supernatural being called a tengu."]
[10619,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(白毫寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","肉髻珠","にっけいしゅ","topknot (nikkeishu)","頭部の肉髻珠と額の白毫はいずれも水晶製です。","The jewel at the front of the topknot (nikkeishu) and the whorl of hair on the forehead (byakugō) are both made of crystal."]
[10624,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(白毫寺)","人物・人名・役職名","康円","こうえん","Kōen (b. 1207)","太山王像の内部に残る墨書銘によれば、著名な仏教美術の慶派の僧、康円（生1207年）によって1259年に彫られたことがわかります。","An ink inscription inside the statue reveals it was carved in 1259 by Kōen (b. 1207), a member of the prominent Kei school of Buddhist art."]
[10625,"奈良県","奈良市東部地域文化財多言語解説整備推進協議会\n(白毫寺)","神社・寺院・神仏等","来迎","らいごう","to greet (raigō) the recently departed","阿弥陀仏が亡者を極楽浄土へと導くために迎えに来る（来迎）場面を表しています。","Amida is descending from the Pure Land to greet (raigō) the recently departed and escort them to paradise."]
[10631,"鳥取県","三朝町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","投入堂","なげいれどう","Nageire-do","行者道（ぎょうじゃみち）は、三佛寺から投入堂まで三徳山を登るコースです。","The Path of Practice (Gyoja-michi) is the trail up Mitokusan from Sanbutsuji Temple to the Nageire-do worship hall. "]
[10636,"鳥取県","三朝町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","鐘楼堂","しょうろうどう","Shoro-do","鐘楼堂は行者道の途中にある2トンもある青銅の鐘を収めている鐘楼です。","The Shoro-do is a tower on the Path of Practice that houses a two-ton bronze bell. "]
[10639,"鳥取県","三朝町日本遺産活用推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","元結掛堂","もとゆいかけどう","Motoyuikake-do","次に、登山者は元結掛堂という、新しい修行者がかつて頭髪を剃った際の髷を納めた小さな祠を通過しますが、これは歴史上の仏陀が現世を捨てたことを再現するものです。","Next, they pass the Motoyuikake-do, a small shrine where, in the past, new initiates left their topknots after shaving their heads, reenacting the historical Buddha’s renunciation of the world."]
[10643,"鳥取県","三朝町日本遺産活用推進協議会","年中行事","炎の祭典","ほのおのさいてん","Hono-o no Saiten","三徳山の火祭り（炎の祭典）は、10月の最終日曜日に開催されます。","The Mitokusan Fire Festival (Hono-o no Saiten) is held on the last Sunday in October. "]
[10649,"鳥取県","三朝町日本遺産活用推進協議会","食","とちもち","とちもち","Tochimochi","とちもちは通常は普通の餅よりも小さく、色は薄茶色で少し渋い風味があります。","Tochimochi are usually smaller than regular mochi cakes, pale brown in color and slightly astringent in taste. "]
[10654,"鳥取県","三朝町日本遺産活用推進協議会","河川・渓谷","雄淵","おんぶち","On-buchi","雄淵は、深さが4.3～6メートルある淵ですが、直径はわずか18メートルです。","On-buchi is a pool between 4.3 and 6 meters deep, though only 18 meters across. "]
[10659,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","建造物等","排水路","はいすいろ","drainage channel","さらに、多くの坑道沿いに設けられた排水路を活用することで空気の質を改善した。","In addition, the drainage channels that ran along the sides of many mining tunnels were also used to improve air quality."]
[10663,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","社会","銀本位経済","ぎんほんいけいざい","silver-based economy","銀本位経済に移行したばかりの明の国から特に大きな需要が生じた。","Demand came from Ming China, which had recently moved to a silver-based economy."]
[10666,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","鏝絵","こてえ","plaster relief picture","中世の西性寺は、吉祥の動物を鏝絵（漆喰浮き彫り）で飾った経蔵で知られる。","The medieval Saishoji Temple is noted for its sutra repository decorated with plaster relief pictures of auspicious animals."]
[10671,"島根県","石見銀山多言語解説協議会","建造物等","ひおい坑","ひおいこう","branch shaft","これらのひおい坑は銀脈を追って掘られたもので、そのほとんどが山を斜めに貫いている。","These branch shafts were dug to follow the veins of silver, most of which extend diagonally through the mountain."]
[10677,"岡山県","津山まちじゅう博物館コンソーシアム","城跡・城郭・宮殿","層塔型","そうとうがた"," sotogata ","津山城の天守閣は、層塔型（英語でtiered tower）天守閣設計の典型例です。","The keep of Tsuyama Castle is a classic example of the sotogata (tiered tower) style of keep design."]
[10678,"岡山県","津山まちじゅう博物館コンソーシアム","城跡・城郭・宮殿","平山城","ひらやまじょう","hilltop castle","津山城は一つの人工堀に囲まれた大型の平山城でした。","Tsuyama Castle was a large hilltop castle surrounded by a single man-made moat."]
[10683,"山口県","周南市","史跡","大津島","おおづしま","Ozushima","小林さんは回天搭乗員として大津島に配属されました。","Kobayashi was assigned to Ozushima as a Kaiten pilot."]
[10686,"山口県","周南市","史跡","神潮特別攻撃隊","しんちょうとくべつこうげいたい","Shincho Tokubetsu Kogekitai","神潮特別攻撃隊（英語で「New Tide Special Attack Force」）については一部報道があったものの、一般の人々が新聞記事でこの作戦について詳細を知るようになったのは、戦争が終わってから数か月経ってからでした。","While there was some reporting on the Shincho Tokubetsu Kogekitai (“New Tide Special Attack Force”), it was only in the months after the war ended that the public began to learn more details about the program from newspaper articles."]
[10694,"山口県","周南市","その他","多々良隊","たたらたい","the Tatara Group","金剛隊（ウルシー、ホーランディア、アドミラルティ、パラオ、グアムに派遣）、千早隊（硫黄島）、神武隊（硫黄島）、多々良隊（沖縄）はすべて同じ戦術を使用しました。","The Kongo Group (dispatched to Ulithi, Hollandia, the Admiralties, Palau, and Guam), the Chihaya Group (Iwo Jima), the Jinmu Group (Iwo Jima), and the Tatara Group (Okinawa) all used the same tactics."]
[10696,"山口県","周南市","その他","振武隊","しんぶたい","Shimbu","この第二段階で派遣された攻撃隊は、天武隊、振武隊、轟隊、多聞隊、神州隊でした。","The attack groups dispatched during this second phase were the Tenmu, Shimbu, Todoroki, Tamon, and Shinshu Groups. "]
[10701,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","博物館・美術館","標本箱","ひょうほんばこ","pin boxes","地元の昆虫を収めた標本箱を観察したり、貝殻の中からお気に入りを選んで持ち帰ったり、あるいは一休みすることもできる空間である。","There, kids can examine pin boxes full of insects, sort through bins of seashells to take home, or just sit for a break."]
[10706,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","社会","海上交易","かいじょうこうえき","maritime trade","防府の土壌は大きな城を支えるには砂地で軟弱すぎるとされ、山口は内陸にあるため海上交易に不便であった。","However, it would have been too difficult to build a castle on Hōfu’s loose, sandy soil, and Yamaguchi was too far inland to support maritime trade."]
[10710,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","供の者","とものもの","footmen","これらの槍は、大名の格式の象徴として供の者によって運ばれた。","Spears like these were carried by footmen as a symbol of the daimyo’s rank."]
[10713,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","政治情勢","せいじじょうせい","political climate","しかしその活動は3年も続かなかった。1859年1月までに政治情勢は悪化し、松陰は危険な急進派として処刑された。","By January of 1859, the political climate had worsened, and Shōin was executed as a dangerous radical."]
[10718,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","藩校","はんこう","domain school","藩校は、1600年代半ばに初めて設立され、18世紀初頭には政治構造がより高度な教養を持つ行政官を必要としたため、次第に普及した。","Official domain schools were first built in the mid-1600s and became increasingly common in the early 1700s, when the political structure demanded more highly educated administrators."]
[10724,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","武力衝突","ぶりょくしょうとつ","armed clash ","長州藩の抵抗が京都での武力衝突事件に繋がってから、幕府は長州藩を懲罰するため、第一次（1864年）および第二次長州征討（1864年、1865–1866年）と呼ばれる軍事遠征を実施した。","The Chōshū domain’s defiance culminated in an armed clash at the capital, which drove the shogunate to punish the domain in a series of military campaigns, referred to as the First and Second Chōshū Expeditions (1864; 1865–1866)."]
[10729,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","その他","試行錯誤","しこうさくご","trial and error","日本の船大工は西洋式帆船を模倣することは容易だったが、蒸気機関を製作・運転する工学的技能を持つ者はいなかった。それでも萩の人々は、試行錯誤を重ねながらこの問題を克服しようと努めた。","Japanese shipbuilders could easily copy Western sailing ships, but none had the engineering skills to make or run a steam engine. Nonetheless, Hagi endeavored to overcome the problem through trial and error."]
[10734,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","社会","往来","おうらい","comings and goings","彼らは萩博物館のすぐ東側にあった隅矢倉から往来を監視しており、その復元された建物が現在もそこに建っている。","They monitored the comings and goings from a guardhouse just to the east of the Hagi Museum, where a re-creation of that guardhouse stands today."]
[10735,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","建造物等","涼み台","すずみだい","suzumidai","いくつかの家には「涼み台」と呼ばれる水上に張り出した小さな台があり、夕涼みや夏の涼を取るために使用される。","Several houses have small platforms called suzumidai that extend over the water for evening relaxation and summer cooling."]
[10736,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","その他","流入","りゅうにゅう","influx","新しい城下町には武士だけでなく、商人、職人、その他の町人たちが流入し、それに伴って萩の新しい住民のために寺院を建立する僧侶たちも集まってきた。","The new castle town attracted an influx of samurai as well as merchants, artisans, and other townsfolk, who in turn were accompanied by Buddhist monks who founded temples for Hagi’s new residents."]
[10737,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","社会","札場","ふたば","notice board","その境界には木造の門のような構造物が設けられており、江戸時代（1603–1867）の札場を復元したものである。","Its border is marked by a wooden gatelike structure, a reconstruction of an Edo-period (1603–1867) notice board."]
[10738,"山口県","萩・外国の方に分かりやすい解説文整備推進協議会","社会","塾頭","じゅくとう","schoolmaster","松陰の叔父で武士の玉木文之進（1810～1876）は、松陰の生家近くの私塾「松下村塾」の塾頭であった。","Shōin’s uncle, a samurai named Tamaki Bunnoshin (1810–1876), was the schoolmaster of Shōkasonjuku, a private academy near Shōin’s birthplace."]
[10739,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","木工細工","もっこうざいく","woodwork","軒下の尾垂木や木工細工には、雲や龍や、実在するものから想像上のものまで様々な生物が、精巧に彫り込まれている。","The tail rafters and woodwork under the eaves are intricately carved with clouds, dragons, and other creatures, real and imaginary."]
[10740,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","銅板","どうばん","copper plate","旭社は建築当初は瓦葺きが計画されていたが、重量過多を懸念し約1万枚の軽量銅板で葺くことに替えられた。","The builders intended to roof Asahi-sha with ceramic tiles, but because they would have been too heavy, it is instead covered with roughly 10,000 lightweight copper plates. "]
[10741,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","奥行き感","おくゆきかん","illusion of depth","竹林の濃淡を墨で表現することで奥行き感が創出され、鑑賞者はまるで賢人たちとの対話に加わっているかのように、竹林の中心に置かれる効果を生んでいる。","Heavier and lighter use of ink in the bamboo grove creates the illusion of depth. This effect places the viewer at the center of the grove, as though included in conversation with the sages."]
[10742,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","博物館・美術館","宝庫","ほうこ","treasure trove","絵画に描かれた自然の情景と、その壁の外に広がる風景との間で、奥書院は金刀比羅宮の美の宝庫の一つである。","Between the natural scenes captured in its paintings and the scenery outside its walls, the Oku Shoin is one of Kotohiragū’s treasure troves of beauty."]
[10743,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","大芝居","おおしばい","ōshibai","このレベルの舞台は大きな劇場という意味で「大芝居」と呼ばれた。","A stage of this caliber was called an ōshibai, that is, a grand theater. ","※ローマ字であるため、斜体で表記する必要がある。\n※マクロン（長音符号）が使われている場合は「o」の上に横棒をつける。"]
[10744,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","巡礼を旅","じゅんれいのたび","pilgrimage","金比羅宮には、17世紀から19世紀にかけて、巡礼を旅の主目的とする日本全国から多くの巡礼者が訪れました。","The shrine received many religious pilgrims from around Japan, especially between the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries, when pilgrimage was a primary reason for travel. "]
[10745,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","職能者","しょくのうしゃ","tradespeople","この建物は1853年に瀬戸内海の対岸に住む大工、木工職人、石工、左官、屋根職人らを含む職能者達によって寄贈された。","This structure was donated in 1853 by a group of tradespeople, including carpenters, woodworkers, stonemasons, plasterers, and roofers who lived on the other side of the Seto Inland Sea. ","※単数形の場合は、「tradesperson」にする。"]
[10746,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","日本水難救済会","にほんすいなんきゅうさいかい","Marine Rescue Japan","日本水難救済会の会員たちをはじめ、海上保安庁職員や他の海事関係者も宥常への敬意を表すためこの地へ参拝に訪れます。","Members of Marine Rescue Japan make pilgrimages to this site to pay respects to Hirotsune, as do members of the Japan Coast Guard and other people engaged in maritime occupations.","※固有名詞であるため、頭文字を大文字にする。"]
[10747,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","食","神代飴","かみよあめ","Kamiyo Ame","これらの商人は、数百年前に金刀比羅山の名物「神代飴」を作り始めた五家門の子孫です。","These vendors are the descendants of the five families who started making Konpira-san’s famous Kamiyo Ame candy hundreds of years ago.","※固有名詞であるため、頭文字を大文字にする。"]
[10748,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","久留正道","くるまさみち","Kuru Masamichi","設計は久留正道が手掛け、1905年に完成しました。","It was designed by Kuru Masamichi and completed in 1905. "]
[10749,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","寄進者","きしんしゃ","donor","これらは神社への主な寄進を記したもので、寄進者の名前と地域、寄進額、寄進年月日が刻まれています。","Each of these monuments commemorates a major donation to the shrine and is engraved with the donor’s name, region, the amount given, and the date."]
[10750,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","こんぴら狗","こんぴらいぬ","Konpira dog","階段の下には「こんぴら狗」の銅像が待ち構えています。","A bronze statue of a Konpira dog sits waiting at the bottom of a flight of steps.","※「Konpira」は固有名詞であるため、頭文字を大文字にする。"]
[10751,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","神馬","しんめ","shinme","ここには、金刀比羅宮の神馬――「しんめ」がいます。","Konpira-san’s sacred horses, or shinme, are stabled here. ","※ローマ字であるため、斜体で表記する必要がある。\n※「sacred horse」と英訳するほうが自然かつわかりやすい場合もある。"]
[10752,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","写実性","しゃじつせい","realism","日本の伝統美術は様式化された表現が多いのに対し、高橋は油絵具で表現できる写実性に魅力を感じていました。","Traditional Japanese art tends to be more stylized, but Takahashi loved the realism that could be achieved with oil paints."]
[10753,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","庭園・公園","枝分かれした木","えだわかれたき","forked tree","蹴鞠場は四種類の枝分かれした木で区切られており、神々がそこに座って蹴鞠を見守ると考えられています。","蹴鞠場は四種類の枝分かれした木で区切られており、神々がそこに座って蹴鞠を見守ると考えられています。\nThe pitch is marked by four forked trees of different species, where kami are believed to sit while they watch the ritual."]
[10754,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","巡礼路","じゅんれいろ","pilgrimage route","金刀比羅宮参りの巡礼路を登る参拝客は、しばしばここで休憩をとりました。","金刀比羅宮参りの巡礼路を登る参拝客は、しばしばここで休憩をとりました。\nVisitors to Konpira-san often stopped to rest here during the climb up the pilgrimage route."]
[10755,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","その他","シロアリ","しろあり","termite","なお旭社は現在、湿気やシロアリによる被害の修復を目的とした大規模な改修工事を実施中です。","なお旭社は現在、湿気やシロアリによる被害の修復を目的とした大規模な改修工事を実施中です。\nPlease note that Asahi-sha is currently undergoing a major restoration project to repair moisture and termite damage."]
[10756,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","逆さ","さかさ","upside down","建設中、柱の一つが誤って逆さに設置されてしまいました。","During construction, one of the pillars was mistakenly placed upside down. ","※名詞の直前に使用する場合、ハイフンが必要です：「upside-down ○○」"]
[10757,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","展望台","てんぼうだい","observation deck","右側には展望台があります。","To the right, there is an observation deck. "]
[10758,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","郷土景観","円錐形","えんすいけい","cone","讃岐平野の田園や町並みを越えて、飯野山の鋭い円錐形が見えます。","You can see beyond the rice fields and towns of the Sanuki Plain to the sharp cone of Mt. Iino."]
[10759,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","工芸・美術","蔓模様","つるもよう","vining pattern","精巧な彫刻や鮮やかな彩色に代わって、蔓模様の鋳銅金具を用いた落ち着いた意匠が建物全体に施されました。","Instead of décor with elaborate carvings and brightly colored paint, they chose elegant cast-copper fittings with a vining pattern that repeats throughout the structure. "]
[10760,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","辰砂","しんしゃ","cinnabar","伝統的に赤漆には辰砂（しんしゃ）が含まれており、この鉱石は鮮やかな赤色を呈するだけでなく、木材を害虫や腐朽から守る役割を果たしました。","Traditionally, the red paint contained cinnabar, an ore that imbued a rich red color and helped protect the wood from pests and decay."]
[10761,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","別当","べっとう","head priest","ここに祀られているのは、16世紀に金毘羅山の別当を務めた人物を神格化した厳魂彦命（いづたまひこのみこと）です。","The kami enshrined here is Izutamahiko-no-Mikoto, the deified spirit of a sixteenth-century head priest of Konpira-san."]
[10762,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","欅","けやき","zelkova","旭社は主に耐湿性・耐虫性に優れた欅材で建造されています。","Asahi-sha is built mainly from rot- and pest-resistant zelkova wood. \n"]
[10763,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","二重屋根構造","にじゅうやねこうぞう","double-roofed structure","しかし、このような二重屋根構造は19世紀初頭には稀でした。","However, a double-roofed structure like this was rare in the early nineteenth century."]
[10764,"香川県","こんぴら文化観光推進協議会","建造物等","桟唐戸","さんからど","sankarado","三方全てには、禅宗建築に典型的な「桟唐戸（さんからど）」と呼ばれる両開きの扉が取り付けられています。","All three sides are fitted with hinged double doors called sankarado that are typical of Zen-style architecture. "]
[10765,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","博物館・美術館","大洲駅観光案内所","おおずえきかんこうあんないじょ","Ozu Discovery Center","大洲駅観光案内所では、歴史的な写真や映像の展示を通して、大洲の城下町の物語を学ぶことができます。","Learn about the story of Ozu’s castle town through the displays of historic photographs and images at the Ozu Discovery Center. "]
[10766,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","大洲城","おおずじょう","Ozu Castle","大洲の歴史は、大洲城と密接に結びついています。","The history of Ozu is closely tied to Ozu Castle. "]
[10767,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","河川・渓谷","肱川","ひじがわ","Hiji River","その大名領主の治世下、大洲は城下町として発展し、この地域の政治と文化の中心地となりました。また、肱川沿いの交易もこの町の発展を支えました。","Under its daimyo lords, Ozu developed as a castle town and emerged as the region’s political and cultural center, with trade along the Hiji River further supporting the town’s growth. "]
[10768,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","加藤家","かとうけ","Kato family","その後、何世紀にもわたり城主が交代を繰り返し、1617年、加藤家が大洲に入封しました。\nOwnership of the castle changed hands repeatedly over the centuries that followed, until the Kato family arrived in 1617. ","Ownership of the castle changed hands repeatedly over the centuries that followed, until the Kato family arrived in 1617. "]
[10769,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","集落・街","長浜","ながはま","Nagahama","19世紀後半から、この川は重要な交易の大動脈として、木材などの天然資源を北岸の長浜へと運びました。","From the late nineteenth century, it served as a major trade artery, carrying timber and other natural resources to Nagahama on the northern coast."]
[10770,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","植物","ハゼ","はぜ","sumac tree","生い茂った森は木材を供給し、河川の水は和紙 の生産を可能にし、収穫されたハゼの実は蝋を製造する原料となりました。","Dense forests supplied timber, rivers enabled the production of washi paper, and the berries of sumac trees were harvested to produce wax."]
[10771,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","山岳","冨士山","とみすやま","Mt. Tomisu","大洲盆地には、標高320メートルの冨士山がそびえ立っています。","Rising within the Ozu Basin is a 320-meter-high hill called Mt. Tomisu (320 m)."]
[10772,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","鵜飼","うかい","ukai","肱川は今でも、カヤックや釣りといったレジャーアクティビティ、さらには伝統的な漁である鵜飼（鵜を使った漁）の中心的存在となっています。\n","The Hiji River remains a focal point for leisure activities like kayaking and fishing, as well as the traditional practice of cormorant fishing (ukai).\n"]
[10773,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","動物","鵜","うかい","cormorant ","肱川は今でも、カヤックや釣りといったレジャーアクティビティ、さらには伝統的な漁である鵜飼（鵜を使った漁）の中心的存在となっています。\n","The Hiji River remains a focal point for leisure activities like kayaking and fishing, as well as the traditional practice of cormorant fishing (ukai).\n"]
[10774,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","武者返し","むしゃがえし","musha-gaeshi","内側に傾いた曲線の石垣（「武者返し」）は、攻撃者の登攀を防ぎ、攻城兵器の衝撃を吸収しました。","Curved, inward-leaning stone walls (musha-gaeshi (lit., “warrior-repelling”)) prevented attackers from climbing and absorbed the impact of siege weapons. "]
[10775,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","台所櫓","だいどころやぐら","Kitchen (Daidokoro) Turret","台所櫓は、城主や家臣たちの食事を準備する場所でした。","The Kitchen (Daidokoro) Turret was where meals were prepared for the castle lord and his retainers. "]
[10776,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","高欄櫓","こうらんやぐら","Parapet (Koran) Turret","城郭の西側にある高欄櫓の最も際立った特徴は、高欄のある2階の縁側で、ここから城の敷地を見下ろすことができます。","A distinctive feature of the Parapet (Koran) Turret, on the western side of the castle compound, is a second-floor veranda with a parapet that overlooks the castle grounds. "]
[10777,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","三の丸南隅櫓","さんのまるみなみすみやぐら","Sannomaru Minamisumi Turret","当時の規模は、2つの現存する櫓の位置から明らかです。旧外堀沿いに位置する三の丸南隅櫓と、肱川の堤防に位置する苧綿櫓です。","The original scale is evident from the locations of two surviving turrets: the Sannomaru Minamisumi Turret, located along the former outer moat, and the Owata Turret, located on the bank of the Hiji River."]
[10778,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","苧綿櫓","おわたやぐら","Owata Turret","当時の規模は、2つの現存する櫓の位置から明らかです。旧外堀沿いに位置する三の丸南隅櫓と、肱川の堤防に位置する苧綿櫓です。","The original scale is evident from the locations of two surviving turrets: the Sannomaru Minamisumi Turret, located along the former outer moat, and the Owata Turret, located on the bank of the Hiji River."]
[10779,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","城跡・城郭・宮殿","暗がり門","くらがりもん","Kuragari Gate","天守閣の近く、中庭に続く坂の頂上で、研究者たちは「暗がり門」と思われる遺構を発見しました。","Near the keep, at the top of the slope leading into the inner courtyard, researchers uncovered the remains of a structure believed to be the Kuragari Gate."]
[10780,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","臥龍山荘","がりゅうさんそう","Garyu Sanso","臥龍山荘は20世紀初頭、大洲出身の裕福な蝋商人であった河内寅次郎（1853〜1909）によって築造されました。","Garyu Sanso was built in the early twentieth century by Kochi Torajiro (1853–1909), a wealthy wax merchant originally from Ozu."]
[10781,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","河内寅次郎","こうちとらじろう","Kochi Torajiro","臥龍山荘は20世紀初頭、大洲出身の裕福な蝋商人であった河内寅次郎（1853〜1909）によって築造されました。","Garyu Sanso was built in the early twentieth century by Kochi Torajiro (1853–1909), a wealthy wax merchant originally from Ozu."]
[10782,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","臥龍院","がりゅういん","Garyu-in","本邸の臥龍院、別邸の文庫、茶室の不老庵は重要文化財に指定されています。","The main Garyu-in villa, the auxiliary Bunko building, and the Furo-an tea house, are designated Important Cultural Properties."]
[10783,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","不老庵","ふろうあん","Furo-an","本邸の臥龍院、別邸の文庫、茶室の不老庵は重要文化財に指定されています。","The main Garyu-in villa, the auxiliary Bunko building, and the Furo-an tea house, are designated Important Cultural Properties."]
[10784,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","清吹の間","せいすいのま"," Seisui-no-ma","清吹の間は「夏のそよ風の部屋」を意味します。","The name Seisui-no-ma translates to “Summer Breeze Room.”"]
[10785,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","欄間 ","らんま","ranma","北側の欄間 には夏を象徴する水紋が彫刻され、壱是の間とを仕切る欄間には水面に浮かぶ野菊が描かれ、その描写は秋を連想させます。","The ranma on the north side is carved with water ripples symbolic of summer, while the transom that borders the Isshi-no-ma Room depicts chrysanthemums floating on the water—an image that evokes autumn."]
[10786,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","壱是の間","いっしのま","Isshi-no-ma Room","北側の欄間には夏を象徴する水紋が彫刻され、壱是の間とを仕切る欄間には水面に浮かぶ野菊が描かれ、その描写は秋を連想させます。","The ranma on the north side is carved with water ripples symbolic of summer, while the transom that borders the Isshi-no-ma Room depicts chrysanthemums floating on the water—an image that evokes autumn."]
[10787,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","霞月の間","かげつのま","Kagetsu-no-ma","「霞月の間」は「おぼろ月の部屋」を意味し、夕暮れや夜というテーマに着想を得て設計されています。","Kagetsu-no-ma translates to “Room of the Hazy Moon,” and its design takes inspiration from the themes of dusk and evening. "]
[10788,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","知止庵","ちしあん","Chishi-an","訪問客は知止庵に入ることはできませんが、中の様子を見ることができます。","While visitors cannot enter Chishi-an, they can look inside."]
[10789,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","書物","茶方日記","ちゃかたにっき","Chakata nikki","壁の羽目板には、大洲藩第3代藩主、加藤泰恒（1674〜1715）が記した茶会の日記である『茶方日記』の古紙が貼られています。","On the wainscoting along the wall is old paper from the Chakata nikki, a diary of tea gatherings written by Kato Yasutsune (1674–1715), the third daimyo lord of the Ozu domain."]
[10790,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","加藤泰恒","かとうやすつね","Kato Yasutsune","壁の羽目板には、大洲藩第3代藩主、加藤泰恒（1674〜1715）が記した茶会の日記である『茶方日記』の古紙が貼られています。","On the wainscoting along the wall is old paper from the Chakata nikki, a diary of tea gatherings written by Kato Yasutsune (1674–1715), the third daimyo lord of the Ozu domain."]
[10791,"愛媛県","大洲市観光施設多言語推進協議会","建造物等","盤泉荘","ばんせんそう","Bansenso","旧松井家住宅としても知られる盤泉荘は、20世紀初頭の別荘で、大洲の繁栄の最盛期を象徴する建造物です。","Bansenso, also known as the Former Matsui Residence, is a villa from the early twentieth century that exemplifies the peak of Ozu’s prosperity."]
[10792,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","人形浄瑠璃","にんぎょうじょうるり","ningyo joruri","阿波人形浄瑠璃は、人形を歌（浄瑠璃）に合わせて操る総合芸術です。","Awa ningyo joruri is a composite art of manipulating puppets (ningyo) to a sung narrative (joruri). "]
[10793,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","語り物","かたりもの","katarimono","この芸術は、語り物（かたりもの）に起源を持ちます。語り物は、音楽に合わせて詩を語る、初期の音楽物語のスタイルです。","The art has its roots in katarimono, an earlier style of musical narrative storytelling that involved recounting verses set to music."]
[10794,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","琵琶","びわ","biwa","語り物は、太夫（語り手）と琵琶（日本の弦楽器）の奏者によって演じられました。","Katarimono was performed by a tayu (narrator) and players of the biwa (Japanese lute). "]
[10795,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","三味線","しゃみせん","shamisen","後に、琵琶は三味線に置き換えられ、人形遣いが加わりました。","Later, the biwa was replaced by the shamisen and puppetry was added."]
[10796,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","太夫","たゆう","tayu","太夫が物語をリードし、三味線奏者が伴奏をし、人形遣いと人形が物語を演じます。","The tayu leads the storytelling, the shamisen player provides the accompaniment, and the puppeteers and puppets act out the story. "]
[10797,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","音遣い","おんづかい","onzukai","\n太夫は音遣いと呼ばれる発声技法を習得しなければなりませんが、その習得には数十年かかることもあります。","\nTayu must learn a vocal technique called onzukai, which can take decades to perfect. "]
[10798,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","座","ざ","-za ","阿波人形浄瑠璃の勝浦座にとって、人形遣いは表現と協調性という鍛錬された芸術です。 ","For the Katsuura-za troupe of Awa ningyo joruri, puppetry is a disciplined art of expression and coordination."]
[10799,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","集落・街","阿波","あわ","Awa","人形の動きには、語りと三味線の音楽が伴奏として付きます。この芸術は、江戸時代（1603～1867年）に阿波（現在の徳島県）で発展しました。","The movements of the puppets are accompanied by narration and music played on the shamisen, as developed in the province of Awa (present-day Tokushima Prefecture) during the Edo period (1603–1867). "]
[10800,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","木偶","でこ","deko","彼は26歳の時に伝統的な木彫り人形（木偶/でこ）について知りました。","He learned about traditional wooden puppets (deko) when he was twenty-six years old."]
[10801,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","人形師","にんぎょうし","puppet maker","徳島のある人形師は、人物や動物の彫刻師としてキャリアをスタートさせました。","One puppet maker in Tokushima began his career as a sculptor of human and animal figures. "]
[10802,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","人形遣い","にんぎょうづかい","ningyo-zukai","阿波人形浄瑠璃の伝統を継承する上で、人形師と同様に重要なのは、人形遣い（人形遣い）、太夫（太夫）、そして三味線奏者です。","As important to continuing the traditions of Awa ningyo joruri as the puppet makers are the puppeteers (ningyo-zukai), narrators (tayu), and shamisen players. "]
[10803,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","頭","かしら","kashira ","館内には、上演される芝居の主要登場人物を表す11種類の「かしら（人形の頭部）」が展示されています。","The museum displays eleven types of kashira (puppet heads), which represent leading characters in the plays performed. "]
[10804,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","角目","かどめ","kadome","たとえば、精悍な顔立ちと可動式の目を持つ「角目」は英雄的な男性役に使われ、柔らかな輪郭と穏やかな表情を持つ「娘」は女性役に用いられます。","For example, the kadome head, characterized by chiseled features and movable eyes, is typically used for heroic male roles; the musume head, noted for its soft lines and calm expression, is used for female characters."]
[10805,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","娘","むすめ","musume","たとえば、精悍な顔立ちと可動式の目を持つ「角目」は英雄的な男性役に使われ、柔らかな輪郭と穏やかな表情を持つ「娘」は女性役に用いられます。","For example, the kadome head, characterized by chiseled features and movable eyes, is typically used for heroic male roles; the musume head, noted for its soft lines and calm expression, is used for female characters."]
[10806,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","農村舞台","のうそんぶたい","Rural stages (rural puppet stages)","現在、徳島県内には阿波人形浄瑠璃のための農村舞台が数多く残されており、その数は日本で最も多いとされています。","Today, stages for Awa ningyo joruri performances can be found across Tokushima Prefecture, which is home to the largest number of rural puppet stages in Japan."]
[10807,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","襖からくり","ふすまからくり","fusuma karakuri","なかでも特徴的なのが「襖からくり」と呼ばれる仕掛けで、絵が描かれた複数の引き戸を用いて場面転換や演出効果を高めるものでした。","A key feature of some stages was fusuma karakuri (multiple sliding panels with paintings on them), which were used to enhance stage effects. "]
[10808,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","河川・渓谷","吉野川","よしのがわ","Yoshino River","吉野川は、人形遣いたちとその道具を運ぶ重要な交通路でした。","The Yoshino River was central to the movement of puppeteers and their equipment. "]
[10809,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","年中行事","箱廻し","はこまわし","hakomawashi","そこから生まれたのが「箱廻し（はこまわし）」と呼ばれる移動式の人形芝居です。","Unlike performances for the nobility or the urban elite, this form of puppet drama thrived among the common people, who developed a portable style of puppetry called hakomawashi (literally “mobile box theater”)."]
[10810,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","神社・寺院・神仏等","三番叟","さんばそう","Sanbaso","用いられた人形には、豊作や幸福を祈る祝祭演目に登場する「三番叟（さんばそう）」や、福をもたらす神として知られる「恵比寿（えびす）」などがありました。","These puppets included Sanbaso (a puppet used during festive occasions to wish for good luck or a good harvest) and Ebisu (a puppet representing the god of good fortune). "]
[10811,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","藍染","あいぞめ","aizome","徳島の伝統工芸の中でも特に知られているのが藍染（あいぞめ）です。","One of Tokushima’s most recognized traditional crafts is indigo dyeing (aizome)."]
[10812,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","植物","蓼藍","たであい","Persicaria tinctoria/indigo","蓼藍（たであい、学名：Persicaria tinctoria）は発酵の過程を経て深い藍色の染料となります。","Tadeai (Persicaria tinctoria, known as indigo in the West) undergoes a painstaking fermentation process to make a deep-blue dye."]
[10813,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","左遣い","ひだりづかい","hidarizukai","左遣いは長い棒を使って人形の左腕と左手を担当します。","The left-hand puppeteer (hidarizukai) uses a long stick to operate the puppet’s left arm and hand."]
[10814,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","主遣い","おもづかい","omozukai","主遣いは人形の頭と右腕を担当します。","The principal puppeteer (omozukai) controls the puppet’s head and right arm. "]
[10815,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","足遣い","あしづかい","ashizukai ","足遣いは人形の脚と足を担当し、歩く、ひざまずく、踊るなどの動作を表現します。","The leg puppeteer (ashizukai) controls the puppet’s legs and feet, enabling it to walk, kneel, or dance. "]
[10816,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","建造物等","長屋門","ながやもん","nagayamon","徳島県立阿波十郎兵衛屋敷（人形芝居劇場・資料館）の入口には、「長屋門」と呼ばれる伝統的な門があります。","The entrance to Tokushima Prefectural Awa Jurobe Yashiki, a puppet theater and museum dedicated to Awa ningyo joruri, a traditional form of Japanese puppet theater, is marked by a nagayamon, or longhouse gate. "]
[10817,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","建造物等","青石","あおいし","aoishi","特徴の一つとして、門の基礎に使われている「青石」が挙げられます。","One of the gate’s notable features is its foundation made of aoishi (bluestone)."]
[10818,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","建造物等","辰巳座敷","たつみざしき","tatsumizashiki ","徳島県立阿波十郎兵衛屋敷（人形芝居劇場・資料館）内にある「辰巳座敷」は、畳敷きの和室です。","The tatsumizashiki inside the Tokushima Prefectural Awa Jurobe Yashiki puppet theater and museum is a room with a tatami-covered floor."]
[10819,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","建造物等","数寄屋造","すきやづくり","sukiya architecture","この座敷の意匠には数寄屋造の特徴が見られます。数寄屋造は、茶室や来客をもてなす建物に用いられる住宅様式で、簡素さと優美さを兼ね備えた造りが特徴です。","The design of the room displays elements of sukiya architecture, the residential style of architecture associated with buildings used to host tea houses and other spaces associated with hospitality. "]
[10820,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","その他","傾城","けいせい","Keisei","ここで上演される代表的な演目の一つが、江戸時代（1603〜1867）に生まれた名作『傾城阿波鳴門（けいせい あわのなると）』です。","ここで上演される代表的な演目の一つが、江戸時代（1603〜1867）に生まれた名作『傾城阿波鳴門（けいせい あわのなると）』です。\nOne of the most popular plays performed here is Keisei Awa no Naruto (The Tragedy of Naruto), a story dating from the Edo period (1603–1867) that focuses on the separation and reunion of a mother and daughter. "]
[10821,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","集落・街","鳴門","なると","Naruto","ここで上演される代表的な演目の一つが、江戸時代（1603〜1867）に生まれた名作『傾城阿波鳴門（けいせい あわのなると）』です。","One of the most popular plays performed here is Keisei Awa no Naruto (The Tragedy of Naruto), a story dating from the Edo period (1603–1867) that focuses on the separation and reunion of a mother and daughter. "]
[10822,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課",null,"ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もあります。"]
[10823,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","巡礼歌","じゅんれいうた","Junrei Uta","特に「巡礼歌の段」として知られる場面は、多くの観客の心を打ち続けています。","The play is known particularly for “Junrei Uta no Dan” (The Pilgrim Song Act)."]
[10824,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","義太夫節","ぎだゆうぶし","gidayu-bushi","物語を語るのは「太夫」と呼ばれる語り手で、感情豊かな節回しで語る「義太夫節」という語り口を用います。","The story is recounted by a tayu (narrator), who recites with an emotive intonation called gidayu-bushi."]
[10825,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","人形遣い","にんぎょうづかい","ningyo zukai","太夫の語りを支えるのは三味線奏者で、さらに三人一組の人形遣い（にんぎょうづかい）が一体の人形を動かします。","A shamisen player provides musical support, and three puppeteers (ningyo zukai) work in unison to manipulate each puppet. "]
[10826,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","大谷焼","おおたにやき","Otani ware","大谷焼は、徳島県鳴門市大谷地区で作られる伝統的な陶器です。","Otani ware is the traditional pottery made in the Otani district in the city of Naruto, Tokushima Prefecture. "]
[10827,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","時代・歴史組織・団体","寝ろくろ","ねろくろ","nerokuro","この焼き物の特徴は「寝ろくろ」と呼ばれる独特の製法にあります。これは、地面に横たわった一人が足でろくろを回し、もう一人がその回転する粘土を成形するという、二人一組で行う伝統的な技法です。","The pottery is made using a clay-casting technique called nerokuro (literally, “lying-down potter’s wheel”), which requires the efforts of two people: one person lies on the ground to turn the wheel with their feet while the other shapes the clay. "]
[10828,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","登り窯","のぼりがま","nobori-gama","焼成には「登り窯」が使われます。大谷焼の窯は、日本でも最大級の規模を誇り、大きな器を一度に焼ける構造になっています。","The vessels are fired in nobori-gama (climbing kilns) known for being the largest in Japan due to the size of the pottery they hold."]
[10829,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","釉薬","うわぐすり","glazes ","釉薬には石灰、木灰、長石、珪石、鉄分などが用いられ、素朴で力強い風合いを生み出します。","The glazes applied often incorporate limestone, wood ash, feldspar, silica, and iron."]
[10830,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","藍甕","あいがめ","aigame","特に初期の代表的な製品が「藍甕（あいがめ）」と呼ばれる藍染用の大壺です。","One of the earliest products were the aigame, or large jars used to store indigo dye. "]
[10831,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","建造物等","鶴亀の庭","つるかめのにわ","Tsuru-Kame-no-Niwa","徳島県立阿波十郎兵衛屋敷の日本庭園は「鶴亀の庭」と呼ばれ、江戸時代（1603〜1867）にこの地の庄屋であった坂東十郎兵衛によって造られたものです。","The Japanese-style garden at Tokushima Prefectural Awa Jurobe Yashiki is called Tsuru-Kame-no-Niwa (turtle and crane garden)."]
[10832,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","建造物等","練塀","ねりべい","neribei ","庭の周囲を囲むのは「練塀」と呼ばれる土壁で、伝統的な屋敷構えの趣を伝えています。","Black pines and blue-hued stones are arranged aesthetically throughout the space. The garden is surrounded by traditional neribei (earth-plastered walls)."]
[10833,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","その他","重要無形民俗文化財","じゅうようむけいみんぞくぶんかざい","National Important Intangible Folk Cultural Asset","阿波人形浄瑠璃は、国の重要無形民俗文化財に指定されています。","Awa ningyo joruri is designated a National Important Intangible Folk Cultural Asset."]
[10834,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","生け花","いけばな","ikebana","生け花、茶道、藍染、竹扇子作り、そして水石など、地域の伝統工芸や芸道を体験できるワークショップが行われています。","The options include workshops in traditional arts such as ikebana (flower arrangement), sado (tea ceremony), aizome (indigo dyeing), bamboo fan making, and suiseki (the art of appreciating naturally formed stones for their aesthetic qualities)."]
[10835,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","茶道","さどう","sado","生け花、茶道、藍染、竹扇子作り、そして水石など、地域の伝統工芸や芸道を体験できるワークショップが行われています。","The options include workshops in traditional arts such as ikebana (flower arrangement), sado (tea ceremony), aizome (indigo dyeing), bamboo fan making, and suiseki (the art of appreciating naturally formed stones for their aesthetic qualities)."]
[10836,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","竹扇子","たけせんす","bamboo fan","生け花、茶道、藍染、竹扇子作り、そして水石など、地域の伝統工芸や芸道を体験できるワークショップが行われています。","The options include workshops in traditional arts such as ikebana (flower arrangement), sado (tea ceremony), aizome (indigo dyeing), bamboo fan making, and suiseki (the art of appreciating naturally formed stones for their aesthetic qualities)."]
[10837,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","工芸・美術","水石","すいせき","suiseki ","生け花、茶道、藍染、竹扇子作り、そして水石など、地域の伝統工芸や芸道を体験できるワークショップが行われています。","The options include workshops in traditional arts such as ikebana (flower arrangement), sado (tea ceremony), aizome (indigo dyeing), bamboo fan making, and suiseki (the art of appreciating naturally formed stones for their aesthetic qualities)."]
[10838,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","人物・人名・役職名","竹本義太夫","たけもとぎだゆう","Takemoto Gidayu","（この名称は、17世紀の名語り手・竹本義太夫［1651–1714］に由来します。）"," (This style is named after its originator, the popular narrator Takemoto Gidayu [1651–1714].)"]
[10839,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","芸能・興行・イベント","曾根崎心中","そねざきしんじゅう","The Love Suicides at Sonezaki","彼らの合作『曾根崎心中』などは、現在も上演される代表的な演目として知られています。","Their collaboration established many of the staples of the repertoire still performed today such as The Love Suicides at Sonezaki. "]
[10840,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","人物・人名・役職名","近松半二","ちかまつはんじ","Chikamatsu Hanji","この名作は、18世紀後半に近松半二（1725〜1783）らによって書かれた作品で、徳島に深くゆかりのある物語です。","It was written in the late eighteenth century by playwright Chikamatsu Hanji (1725–1783) and others. "]
[10841,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","人物・人名・役職名","樽谷清太郎","たるたにせいたろう","Tarutani Seitaro","制作は彫刻家・樽谷清太郎によるもので、銅像のモデルには三代目市川福之助が務めました。","The statue, which represents Otsuru and Oyumi, was made by Tarutani Seitaro. Kabuki actor Ichikawa Fukunosuke III modeled for the statue. "]
[10842,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","人物・人名・役職名","市川福之助","いちかわふくのすけ","Ichikawa Fukunosuke","制作は彫刻家・樽谷清太郎によるもので、銅像のモデルには三代目市川福之助が務めました。","The statue, which represents Otsuru and Oyumi, was made by Tarutani Seitaro. Kabuki actor Ichikawa Fukunosuke III modeled for the statue. "]
[10843,"徳島県","徳島県文化振興課","人物・人名・役職名","板東十郎兵衛","ばんどうじゅうろうべえ"," Bando Jurobe","この劇場と資料館は、江戸時代の地役人・板東十郎兵衛の旧邸跡の敷地に建てられています。彼の名は、後に浄瑠璃の人形芝居に登場する主要人物の名前として用いられました。","The puppet theater and museum are situated on the site of the former residence of Bando Jurobe, a village headman of the Edo period whose name was given to the main character of a joruri puppet play. "]
[10844,"徳島県","板野町","植物","馬酔木","あせび","asebi","2002年にオープンしたこの温泉施設は、板野町の町木である馬酔木という低木（ピエリス・ジャポニカ、英語で「Temple Bells」）にちなんで名付けられました。","This hot-spring bath complex, which opened in 2002, is named after the asebi shrub (Pieris japonica, or “Temple Bells”), the town tree of Itano. "]
[10845,"徳島県","板野町","食","春人参","はるにんじん","spring carrots","ロゴに88という数字が採用されています。オレンジ色は、春人参を連想させる色として選ばれました。","The color orange was chosen to evoke spring carrots, one of several crops for which Itano is famous, "]
[10846,"徳島県","板野町","神社・寺院・神仏等","金泉寺","こんせんじ","Konsenji","もう一つの金泉寺の言い伝えは弁慶に関するものです。12世紀後半の著名な武僧です。","Another Konsenji legend concerns Benkei, a celebrated warrior monk of the late twelfth century."]
[10847,"徳島県","板野町","神社・寺院・神仏等","大日寺","だいにちじ","Dainichiji Temple","大日寺は山々に囲まれており、つい最近まで行くのが困難な場所でした。","Dainichiji Temple is surrounded by mountains and was fairly inaccessible until quite recently. "]
[10848,"徳島県","板野町","神社・寺院・神仏等","岡の宮神社","おかのみやじんじゃ","Okanomiya Shrine ","岡の宮神社は900年に建立されました。そして害虫を寄せ付けないようにして豊作をもたらす無名の神を祀っています。","Okanomiya Shrine dates from 900 and is dedicated to a nameless deity who ensures bountiful harvests by keeping insect pests at bay. "]
[10849,"徳島県","板野町","神社・寺院・神仏等","愛染院","あいぜんいん","Aizen-in","愛染院へと続く狭い土道は、遍路の道で自然のまま未舗装の状態で残っている最初の区間です。","The narrow earthen path leading to Aizen-in is the first section of the pilgrimage trail that still remains in its natural, unpaved state."]
[10850,"徳島県","板野町","史跡","大坂口御番所","おおさかぐちごばんしょ","Osakaguchi Guardhouse","大坂口御番所は、隣の高松藩（現在の香川県）へと通じる山道の入り口（口）にその当時あった大坂村から、その名が付きました。 ","Osakaguchi Guardhouse gets its name from its location in what was then the village of Osaka at the entrance (kuchi) to the mountain pass leading to neighboring Takamatsu domain (modern-day Kagawa Prefecture). "]
[10851,"徳島県","板野町","テーマ施設等","あすたむらんど","あすたむらんど","Asutamu Land","あすたむらんどは、各種ゾーンで構成されるテーマパークです。一部は無料で、一部はわずかの入場料が必要です。","Asutamu Land is an amusement park with different zones, some free of charge and some requiring a modest admission fee. "]
[10852,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","虚空蔵菩薩","こくうぞうぼさつ","Kokuzo Bosatsu","虚空蔵菩薩は、記憶力の向上、技術・芸術的技能の向上にご利益があるとされています。","Kokuzo Bosatsu is said to enable people to improve their memory as well as their technical and artistic skills."]
[10853,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","鳳凰","ほうおう","phoenix","堂内外には、複雑な鳳凰の模様が描かれた灯籠が吊るされており、寺に貢献した人々への感謝の印となっています。\n","Lanterns with intricate phoenix motifs hanging outside and inside the hall recognize people who have made contributions to the temple."]
[10854,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","三教指帰","さんごうしいき","Sango Shiki","797年に出版された著書『三教指帰』の中で、空海は太龍寺で修行をしたと述べています。","In his book Sango Shiki, published in 797, Kukai states that he spent time at Tairyuji Temple in ascetic training."]
[10855,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","持佛堂","じぶつどう","Jibutsudo","隣接する持佛堂脇の回廊の天井に大きな龍の絵が描かれています。","Visitors standing outside the Head Temple (Honbo) can see a large painting of a dragon on the ceiling of the corridor along the side of the adjoining Jibutsudo Hall. "]
[10856,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","人物・人名・役職名","竹村松嶺","たけむら しょうれい","Takemura Shorei","全長約8メートルのこの絵は、画家・竹村松嶺（1876～1945年）によって制作されました。\n","The painting is around 8 meters long and was created by the artist Takemura Shorei (1876–1945)."]
[10857,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","求聞持堂","ぐもんじどう"," Gumonjido ","太龍寺の求聞持堂は、境内の北西に位置する急峻な樹木に覆われた斜面に位置し、他の伽藍から比較的隔離されています。","Tairyuji Temple’s Gumonjido Hall is located on a steep, forested slope in the northwest of the temple grounds and is relatively isolated from the other buildings."]
[10858,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","金剛杵","こんごうしょ","vajra","両像とも、金剛杵と呼ばれる古代の剣のような武器を持ち、引き締まった筋肉質の体とくっきりとした血管が力強さを物語っています。","Both guardian deities hold an ancient swordlike weapon called a vajra and have well-defined, muscular bodies and clearly visible veins, conveying their power. "]
[10859,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","護摩木","ごまぎ","gomagi","護摩焚きを願う人々は、健康、成功、幸運などを願う祈りを護摩木と呼ばれる木の棒に書き記します。","Those who want the ritual performed for their benefit write their prayers, often for health, success, or good fortune, on wooden sticks called gomagi."]
[10860,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","覚鑁","かくばん","Kakuban","この堂に安置されている不動明王像は、12世紀初頭に真言宗の僧侶、覚鑁（1095～1143年、興教大師と号す）によって彫られたものです。","The Fudo Myo-o sculpture housed in this building was carved in the early twelfth century by a Shingon Buddhist priest named Kakuban (1095–1143; posthumously known as Kogyo Daishi). "]
[10861,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","虚空蔵求聞持法","こくうぞうぐもんじほう","Kokuzo Gumonjiho","この唱誦の修行は「虚空蔵求聞持法」と呼ばれます。空海は著書『三教指帰（さんごうしき）』の中で、この修行を行ったのは、仏典の記憶力や理解力を高めるためであったと記しています。","The recitation ritual performed by Kukai is called Kokuzo Gumonjiho. Kukai wrote in his book Sango Shiki that he practiced the ritual because he believed it would enhance his powers of memorization and understanding of Buddhist scriptures.\n"]
[10862,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","真言宗","しんごんしゅう","Shingon school ","この二重塔は、1861年に本堂の北側の小高い丘の上に建立されました。1階は四角形、2階は円形という造りで、これは真言宗に特徴的な様式です。","This two-story pagoda was constructed in 1861 on a hill north of Tairyuji Temple’s main hall (hondo). The first story is square, while the second story is circular—a construction design associated with the Shingon school of Buddhism."]
[10863,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","経典","きょうてん","sutras","経典は、台座が車輪で回転する八角形の木造収蔵庫に納められています。","The sutras are kept in an octagonal wooden storage structure with a wheeled base that allows it to be rotated."]
[10864,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","遍路","へんろ","Pilgrimage","薬王寺は、四国遍路八十八ヶ所の23番札所に数えられています。","Yakuoji is the 23rd of the 88 temples along the Shikoku Pilgrimage."]
[10865,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","仁王","におう","niomon","薬王寺の正門の両脇には、仁王と呼ばれる武装した勇ましい守護神を象った木像が並んでおり、この門は仁王門と呼ばれています。","The main gate to Yakuoji Temple is flanked by a pair of wooden statues of two fierce, armed guardian figures known as Ñio, hence the gate’s name, niomon."]
[10866,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","天衣","てんね","ten’ne","体に巻かれた長い帯は天衣（てんね）と呼ばれ、天人が身に付けるとされる衣服です。","The long ribbon around their bodies is a ten'ne, an item of clothing that heavenly beings are believed to wear."]
[10867,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","その他","禁忌","きんき","prohibited items","禁忌とされていたものには、ニラ、ネギ、ニンニク、コショウ、ラキョウ（ネギの一種）などがありました。","Among the prohibited items were chives, leeks, garlic, onion, and rakkyo (a type of scallion). "]
[10868,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","線香","せんこう","incense sticks (senko)","女厄坂の33段の石段の頂上には、石臼、木製の乳棒、大きな金属製の香炉、そして線香が入った木箱があります。","At the top of the 33 stone steps of the Onna Yakuzaka (Women’s Hill of Misfortune) are a stone mortar, a wooden pestle, a large metal incense burner, and wooden boxes of incense sticks (senko). "]
[10869,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","香炉","じょうこうろ","incense burner (jokoro)","女厄坂（おんなやくざか）の33段の石段の頂上には、石臼、木製の杵、大きな金属製の香炉（じょうこうろ）、そして線香が入った木箱が置かれています。","At the top of the 33 stone steps of the Onna Yakuzaka (Women’s Hill of Misfortune) are a stone mortar, a wooden pestle, a large metal incense burner (jokoro), and wooden boxes of incense sticks (senko). "]
[10870,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","絵馬","えま","votive tablets (ema)","境内に入ると、絵馬に祈りや願い事を書くことができます。","Once inside, people may write their prayers or wishes on votive tablets (ema). "]
[10871,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","開祖","かいそ","founder","境内には、真言宗の開祖である空海（774～835年、死後は弘法大師と改称）の小さな像が安置されています。","Inside the shrine is a small statue of Kukai (774–835; known posthumously as Kobo Daishi), the founder of the Shingon school of Buddhism. "]
[10872,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","極楽浄土","ごくらくじょうと","paradise","地蔵菩薩は、地獄の苦しみを和らげ、刑期を短縮するとともに、健康、成功、子宝の願いを叶え、子宝を守り、信者を極楽浄土へ導くとされています。","Jizo is reputed to ease the suffering and shorten the sentences of those in the Buddhist hells; answer prayers for health, success, and fertility; help and protect children; and lead the faithful into paradise."]
[10873,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","木槌","きづち","wooden mallet","この銅鍍金の鐘を、境内の木槌で撞くと、幸運を呼び込み、厄を払うと言われています。","Striking this bronze-plated bell with the wooden mallet on site is said to attract good luck and dispel bad luck. "]
[10874,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","七福神","しちふくじん","seven deities","寿老人はこの七福神の一つです。","Jurojin is one of these seven deities."]
[10875,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","寿老人","じゅろうじん","Jurojin","寿老人はこの七福神の一つです。","Jurojin is one of these seven deities."]
[10876,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","涅槃","ねはん","nirvana","阿羅漢は煩悩から解放され、涅槃に至る道程において輪廻転生の段階を経る必要がありません。","An arhat is free from desire and does not need to go through further stages of reincarnation on their way to nirvana."]
[10877,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","輪廻転生","りんねてんせい","reincarnation","阿羅漢は煩悩から解放され、涅槃に至る道程において輪廻転生の段階を経る必要がありません。","An arhat is free from desire and does not need to go through further stages of reincarnation on their way to nirvana."]
[10878,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","阿羅漢","あらかん","arhat","斌頭尊者は阿羅漢（仏教における存在の本質を洞察し、悟りを開き、煩悩を克服した存在）です。","Binzuru Sonja is an arhat, a being in Buddhism who has gained insight into the true nature of existence, achieved spiritual enlightenment, and conquered worldly desires. "]
[10879,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","法輪","ほうりん","dharma wheel","如意輪観音は、願を叶える宝珠と法輪を持っています。","Nyoirin Kannon holds a wish-granting jewel and a dharma wheel."]
[10880,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","時代・歴史組織・団体","唐の時代","とうのじだい","Tang Dynasty","この像は魚篭観音と呼ばれ、魚の入った籠を持った女性を描いています。これは、唐の時代（618～907年）に伝わる伝説に基づいています。","It is based on a legend from China during the Tang Dynasty (618–907), in which a deity in the form of a beautiful maiden appears and tells people Buddhist teachings while selling fish from a bamboo basket. "]
[10881,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","注連縄","しめなわ","shimenawa","入口の二本の木には、注連縄と呼ばれる、稲わらを撚り合わせて編んだ縄が垂れ下がっており、俗界と聖界の境界を示しています。","A rope of twisted rice straw, called a shimenawa, hangs from the two trees at the entrance. It indicates the boundary between the secular and the sacred worlds."]
[10882,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","祠","ほこら","small shrine","湧き水の上にある小さな祠には、真言宗の開祖である空海（774～835年、死後は弘法大師）の石像が安置されています。","A stone statue of Kukai (774–835; posthumously known as Kobo Daishi), the founder of the Shingon school of Buddhism, is housed in a small shrine above the spring. "]
[10883,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局",null,"ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もあります。"]
[10884,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","時代・歴史組織・団体","平安時代","へいあんじだい","Heian period","この信仰は中国に起源を持ち、真言宗が盛んだった平安時代（794～1185年）に日本に伝わりました。","These beliefs originated in China and spread to Japan during the Heian period (794–1185), when Shingon was gaining popularity."]
[10885,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","冥界","めいかい","underworld","神話によると、十王は冥界の入り口で裁判を開き、定められた時間に従って、死者の生前の善行と悪行を個別に審問します。","According to the myths, the ten kings hold court at the entrance to the underworld."]
[10886,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","その他","神話","しんわ","myths","神話によると、十王は冥界の入り口で裁判を開き、定められた時間に従って、死者の生前の善行と悪行を個別に審問します。\nAccording to the myths, the ten kings hold court at the entrance to the underworld.","According to the myths, the ten kings hold court at the entrance to the underworld."]
[10887,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","総本山","そうほんざん","principal temple","この塔は、空海が四国八十八ヶ所霊場を開設して1150年（1964年）と、真言宗の総本山である高野山が開山されて1150年（1965年）という二つの大きな節目を記念して1963年に建立されました。","The pagoda was built in 1963 to commemorate two major anniversaries: the 1,150th year since Kukai established the 88 pilgrimage sites of Shikoku, marked in 1964, and the 1,150th year since the founding of Koya-san, the principal temple of Shingon Buddhism, observed in 1965."]
[10888,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","​​戒壇めぐり","かいだんめぐり","Kaidan Meguri","戒壇めぐりは、薬王寺の禰宜塔の地下室で行われる修行です。","Kaidan Meguri is a practice carried out in a basement chamber of Yakuoji Temple’s Yugito Pagoda."]
[10889,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","両界曼荼羅図","りょうかいまんだらず","Mandala of the Two Worlds","他にも、真言宗の教えを視覚的に表現したと言われる「両界曼荼羅図」など、重要な収蔵品があります。","Other significant items include the Mandala of the Two Worlds, which is said to be a visual representation of Shingon Buddhist teachings.\n"]
[10890,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","植物","クスノキ","くすのき","camphor trees","町の史料によると、この2本のクスノキは、数世紀前、本堂前の石垣が築かれ、参道を埋め立てた際に植えられたものとされています。","Historic documents of the town indicate the two camphor trees were planted centuries ago when the stone retaining wall in front of the Main Hall was built and the land was filled in to create the approach to the temple.  "]
[10891,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","その他","厄","やく","misfortune","薬王寺の厄坂には、石段が連なっています。","Stone staircases rise along Yakuoji Temple’s “hills of misfortune.” It is commonly believed that certain ages for men and women are inauspicious. "]
[10892,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","除夜の鐘","じょやのかね","Joya no Kane","薬王寺では、大晦日に「除夜の鐘」と呼ばれる108回の撞きを行う慣わしがあります。","Yakuoji Temple observes the New Year’s Eve tradition of Joya no Kane, the ceremonial ringing of the temple bell 108 times. "]
[10893,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","瞑想","めいそう","meditation","毎晩、竹垣の後ろからライトアップされ、竹垣の穴から差し込む光が、仏教の哲学を表現し、様々な儀式に取り入れられ、瞑想を促す幾何学的なシンボル配置である曼荼羅を浮かび上がらせます。","The light penetrating the holes in the bamboo wall displays a Buddhist mandala, a geometric arrangement of symbols that can express Buddhist philosophy, be incorporated into various ceremonies, and facilitate meditation.\n"]
[10894,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","乗物","箱車","はこぐるま","hakoguruma","例えば、箱車（はこぐるま）は、何世紀も前に作られた箱型の車で、かつては傷病者を乗せて運んでいました。","For instance, on display are hakoguruma, centuries-old boxlike wagons in which injured or ill individuals once sat to be carried."]
[10895,"徳島県","徳島県南部総合県民局","神社・寺院・神仏等","護摩木","ごまぎ","gomagi","護摩焚きの儀式では、護摩木と呼ばれる板に祈りを書いて燃やします。","This Buddhist ritual involves writing prayers on wooden tablets called gomagi before they are burned."]
[10896,"福岡県","みやこ町","人物・人名・役職名","国司","こくし","provincial governor (kokushi)","その国府所在地であったみやこ町には国司が配置され、12世紀にかけて奈良の中央政府を豊前で代表した。","Posted at the administrative and political center in Miyako were the provincial governors (kokushi), who until the twelfth century worked as representatives of the central government in Nara."]
[10897,"福岡県","みやこ町","神社・寺院・神仏等","講堂","こうどう","lecture hall","その境内には通常、本堂、講堂、塔が配置されていた。","Their precincts typically included a main hall, a lecture hall, and a pagoda."]
[10898,"福岡県","みやこ町","時代・歴史組織・団体","国府","こくふ","kokufu","各国には国府が置かれ、国に任命された国司が税収管理、司法事務、奈良の中央政府との連絡調整を担当した。","Each province had a capital, or kokufu, where the state-appointed provincial governor managed tax collection, legal matters, and coordination with the central government in Nara."]
[10899,"福岡県","みやこ町","建造物等","円形墳丘","えんけいこふん","round burial mound","綾塚古墳は7世紀初頭に築かれた円形墳丘の特に保存状態の良い例とされている。","The Ayatsuka Kofun is considered a particularly well-preserved example of the type of round burial mound built in the early seventh century."]
[10900,"福岡県","みやこ町","岩石・洞窟","凝灰岩","ぎょうかいがん","tuff","埋葬室内には凝灰岩製の石棺が安置されているが、この凝灰岩はみやこ町周辺では産出しないため、この目的のために特別に運ばれたものと推測される。","Inside the chamber is a stone casket made of tuff, a type of volcanic rock not found anywhere near Miyako, suggesting it was shipped to the area specifically for the purpose."]
[10901,"福岡県","みやこ町","建造物等","長方形古墳","ちょうほうけいこふん","square burial mound","甲塚方墳は九州最大級の長方形古墳の一つである。","The Kabutozuka Kofun is one of the largest square burial mounds in Kyushu."]
[10902,"佐賀県","佐賀県","時代・歴史組織・団体","女子洋画研究所","じょしようがけんきゅうしょ","Women’s Institute of Western Painting","建物には、1926年頃に岡田が増築した付属部分も含まれており、ここには彼の「女子洋画研究所」が置かれていた。","The building also includes the annex that Okada added in 1926, which housed his Women's Institute of Western Painting."]
[10903,"佐賀県","佐賀県","人物・人名・役職名","帝室技芸員","ていしつぎげいいん","Imperial Household Artist","帝国美術院の会員を務め、東京皇居及び関連離宮の美術品制作を担当する帝室技芸員にも任命された。","He also served as a member of the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts and was appointed as an Imperial Household Artist to create works of art for the Tokyo Imperial Palace and associated residences."]
[10904,"佐賀県","佐賀県","工芸・美術","洋画","ようが","Yoga","洋画は、19世紀末から20世紀初頭にかけて花開いた日本の近代美術の一形態である。","Yoga (Western-style painting) is a form of Japanese modern art that flourished in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries."]
[10905,"佐賀県","佐賀県","建造物等","広間","ひろま","main room","構造は一般的な茶室より大きく多目的に設計され、12.5平方メートル（七畳半）の広間と四畳半の伝統的な茶室で構成される。","The structure is larger and more versatile than a typical teahouse, consisting of a 12.5-square-meter main room and a traditional tearoom four and a half tatami mats in size."]
[10906,"佐賀県","佐賀県","建造物等","縁側","えんがわ","veranda","広間の縁側は堀を見下ろし、人が集まっても開放感を保つ設計だ。","The main room’s veranda overlooks the moat and is intended to evoke a sense of open space even when the room is crowded."]
[10907,"長崎県","佐賀県","建造物等","数寄屋建築","すきやけんちく","sukiya architecture","彼の代表作は近代的な影響と伝統的な茶室や数寄屋建築に見られる簡素さを融合させている。","His best-known works combined modern influences with the simplicity found in traditional tearooms and their sukiya architecture. "]
[10908,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","即身成仏","そくしんじょうぶつ","attainment of Buddhahood in this life","福江の郊外にある明星院の伽藍は、真言宗の信仰において中心的な要素である即身成仏、すなわち「人みな仏のもとに生まれ仏のもとに還る」という再生の旅路を模して配置されている。","The grounds of Myojoin Temple on the outskirts of the town of Fukue are designed to represent the journey of rebirth, or attainment of Buddhahood in this life."]
[10909,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","煩悩","ぼんのう","earthly desire","通常、右手に煩悩を断ち切る剣、左手に悪心を縛り上げる縄を携え、火炎を背負い、怒りを露わにした威厳ある表情で描かれ、慈悲の心で人々を救う。","He wields a sword in his right hand to strike down earthly desires, and in his left is a noose for ensnaring evil thoughts."]
[10910,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","天女","てんにょ","tennyo","その格天井には主に草木や鳥の絵が描かれ、四隅には死者を極楽へ導く天女の姿が配されている。","The hall’s coffered ceiling is decorated with paintings mainly of plants and birds, while the four corners bear images of tennyo, celestial beings that lead the dead to paradise. "]
[10911,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","厨子","ずし","reliquary cabinet","この像は黄金の厨子に安置されており、その扉は伝統的に百年ごとに一度だけ開かれる。","The image is kept in a golden reliquary cabinet whose doors are traditionally opened only once every hundred years."]
[10912,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","建造物等","格天井","ごうてんじょう","coffered ceiling","明星院本堂の格天井には植物や鳥、神話上の生き物を描いた鮮やかな彩色画121点が飾られている。","The coffered ceiling in the Main Hall of Myojoin Temple is adorned with 121 vividly colored paintings of plants, birds, and mythical beings."]
[10913,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","工芸・美術","鳳凰","ほうおう","ho-o","五島藩主が祈りを捧げる位置の真上には、東アジア神話において徳の高い王の誕生を告げ、権力と吉兆の象徴とされる神鳥「鳳凰」が描かれている。","Depicted near the center of the room’s outer section, directly above where the lord of Goto would sit in prayer, is a ho-o, the mythical phoenix that in East Asian lore heralds the birth of a virtuous king and is considered a symbol of power and good fortune.\n"]
[10914,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","工芸・美術","御用絵師","ごようえし","chief painter","この流派は、1338年から1573年まで日本を統治した軍事政権である足利幕府の御用絵師であった狩野正信（1434–1530）とその息子・狩野元信（1476–1559）によって京都で創設された。","The school was founded in Kyoto by Kano Masanobu (1434–1530), chief painter to the Ashikaga shogunate, the military government that ruled Japan from 1338 to 1573, and his son Kano Motonobu (1476–1559)."]
[10915,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","即身仏","そくしんぶつ","sokushinbutsu","即身仏を目指す者は、腐敗しやすい組織を除去するため極めて厳格な食事制限を課した。","An ascetic intending to become a sokushinbutsu would adopt a rigorous diet to rid his body of tissue prone to decomposition."]
[10916,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","五島八十八ヵ所札所巡り","ごとうはちじゅうはちかしょふだしょめぐり","Goto 88-Temple Pilgrimage","福江島に点在する大小88の仏寺・仏堂を巡る「五島八十八ヵ所札所巡り」は、五島列島最大の島を巡る心と景観の旅路である。","Eighty-eight Buddhist temples and halls of various sizes across Fukue Island make up the Goto 88-Temple Pilgrimage, a spiritual and scenic journey around the largest of the Goto Islands."]
[10917,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","念仏踊り","ねんぶつおどり","nenbutsu odori","日本各地の夏祭りでは、念仏踊りの奉納が多く見られる。","Many summer festivals across Japan feature groups performing the nenbutsu odori (Buddhist prayer dance)."]
[10918,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","その他","喜怒哀楽","きどあいらく","joy, anger, sorrow, and amusement","それぞれ表情が微妙に異なり、中国伝統哲学で人間の本質を定義するとされた四つの感情——喜怒哀楽——を表している。","Each one has a slightly different facial expression; as such, the monkeys represent the four emotions that in traditional Chinese philosophy were thought to define human nature: joy, anger, sorrow, and amusement."]
[10919,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","工芸・美術","涅槃図","ねはんず","nehanzu","さらに象は歴史上の仏陀の入滅を描いた「涅槃図」においても顕著に描かれている。","Elephants also figure prominently in nehanzu paintings that depict the death of the historical Buddha."]
[10920,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","お砂踏み","おすなふみ","o-sunafumi","このミニ巡礼「お砂踏み」は、江戸時代（1603-1867）に始まった伝統の典型的な表現である。","The miniature pilgrimage, known as o-sunafumi, is a typical expression of a tradition that began during the Edo period (1603–1867)."]
[10921,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","砂打ち","ずなうち","zunauchi","この「サンドーラ」（砂鬼）こそが、大宝郷・言代主神社で毎年行われる秋祭りの目玉「砂打ち」の主役だ。","These sandora (“sand demons”) are the central figures of the annual zunauchi, the highlight of the autumn festival at Daiho’s Kotoshironushi Shrine."]
[10922,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","しめなわ","しめなわ","shimenawa","前年に大寳寺で神聖な場所を示す「しめなわ」として使われたものを使用している。","It comes from the nearby Daihoji Temple, where in the previous year it would have been used as a shimenawa, a rope that marks a place as sacred."]
[10923,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","神仏習合","しんぶつしゅうごう","combination of Shinto and Buddhist practices (shinbutsu shugo)","神仏習合の信仰は、仏教が日本に伝来した後、8世紀に形作られ始めた。","The combination of Shinto and Buddhist practices (shinbutsu shugo) began to take shape in the eighth century after the introduction of Buddhism to Japan."]
[10924,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","その他","河童","かっぱ","kappa","福江川の河童は、水神を祀る大円寺公園の水神宮と深い関わりがある。","The kappa in the Fukue River are associated with Suijingu Shrine, a Shinto sanctuary in Daienji Park dedicated to the deity of water."]
[10925,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","倭寇","わこう","wako","倭寇（「日本の海賊」）と呼ばれる者たちは、朝鮮半島や中国沿岸の集落を襲撃した。","Marauders called wako (“Japanese pirates”), who hailed from throughout East Asia, began raiding settlements along the Korean and Chinese coasts."]
[10926,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","琵琶","びわ","biwa","その儀式には、短頸の箏である琵琶を奏でながら祈祷を唱える行為も含まれていた。","These ceremonies involved chanting prayers while playing the biwa, a short-necked lute."]
[10927,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","人物・人名・役職名","遣唐使","けんとうし","kentoshi","外交・商業関係の構築に加え、これらの「遣唐使」は中国政府・経済・文化・宗教の研究も命じられていた。","In addition to cultivating diplomatic and commercial ties, the envoys on these missions, known as kentoshi, were tasked with studying Chinese governance, economy, culture, and religion."]
[10928,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","潜伏キリシタン","せんぷくきりしたん","Hidden Christian","潜伏キリシタンの共同体は、1873年に明治政府がキリシタン禁制を撤去するまで福江島で生き延びた。","Communities of Hidden Christians survived on Fukue until 1873, when the government of Emperor Meiji (1852–1912) lifted the prohibition on Christianity.","＊日本語で学術的に異なる「潜伏キリシタン」と「隠れキリシタン」は英語でどちらも「Hidden Christian」と表記する。"]
[10929,"長崎県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","工芸・美術","「マリア観音」像","まりあかんのんぞう","\"Maria Kannon\" statue","潜伏キリシタンが当局の疑いを招かないよう観音像に似せた「マリア観音」像を祀った。","The Hidden Christians often worshiped \"Maria Kannon\" statues, or likenesses of the Virgin Mary designed to be similar enough to Kannon statues to not raise the suspicion of the authorities."]
[10930,"熊本県","五島観光魅力向上推進協議会","工芸・美術","三猿","さんざる","three wise monkeys","天保年間（1831-1845）の「三猿」（聞かざる・見ざる・言わざる）を描いた絵画など、日本の仏教美術でよく見られる題材の芸術作品が配されている。","Other artworks include a painting from the Tenpo era (1831–1845) depicting the three wise monkeys who “hear no evil,” “see no evil,” and “speak no evil”—another familiar subject in Japanese Buddhist art."]
[10931,"熊本県","錦町多言語解説協議会","その他","海軍航空廠","かいぐんこうくうしょう","The Kaigun Kokusho","海軍航空廠は、大日本帝国海軍直営の軍需工場でした。","The Kaigun Kokusho, or Naval Air Arsenal, was a government-run military factory operated directly under the Imperial Japanese Navy."]
[10932,"熊本県","錦町多言語解説協議会","その他","在郷軍人会","ざいごうぐんじんかい","The Zaigo Gunjinkai","在郷軍人会は、日本社会で軍の価値を喧伝するために1910年に設立されました。","The Zaigo Gunjinkai (Military Veterans Association) was established in 1910 to promote military values throughout Japanese society. "]
[10933,"熊本県","錦町多言語解説協議会","その他","大日本国防婦人会","だいにっぽんこくぼうふじんかい","The Dai Nippon Kokubo Fujinkai ","大日本国防婦人会は、日本の拡大する軍事活動を下支えするために結成された三大婦人会の一つとして、1932年に結成されました。","The Dai Nippon Kokubo Fujinkai (Greater Japan Women’s Defense Association) was founded in 1932 as one of three major volunteer women’s associations created to support Japan’s expanding war effort. "]
[10934,"熊本県","錦町多言語解説協議会","その他","人吉海軍航空基地","ひとよしかいぐんこうくうきち","Hitoyoshi Naval Air Base","人吉海軍航空基地、そしてそこに駐留していた海軍航空隊は周囲の町村と密に連携して活動し、住民の勤労意欲のある労働者に大きく依存していました。","Hitoyoshi Naval Air Base and the Naval Air Corps stationed there operated with the close cooperation of surrounding towns and villages, relying heavily on the willing labor of residents."]
[10935,"熊本県","錦町多言語解説協議会","その他","対馬丸","つしままる","Tsushima Maru ","戦争の悲惨な出来事の一つが起きたのは、学童約1660人が乗る疎開船対馬丸が8月21日に沖縄を出発した直後でした。九州へ向かう途中、同船はトカラ列島沖合でアメリカ潜水艦ボーフィンの攻撃を受けたのです。","One of the most tragic events of the war occurred soon after the evacuation ship Tsushima Maru departed Okinawa on August 21 with about 1,660 people on board. On its way to Kyushu, the ship was torpedoed by the submarine USS Bowfin off the Tokara Islands. "]
[10936,"福岡県","錦町多言語解説協議会","その他","松根油","しょうこんゆ","Shokon-yu","そうした代替資源の一つが 松根油で、一部の田舎地域で使用されている原始的な燃料でした。","One such alternative was pine oil, or shokon-yu, a rudimentary fuel used in some rural communities."]
[10937,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","島しょ","大島","おおしま","Oshima","大島のこの地図は、1797年に福岡藩主の命により行われた土地調査の一環として描かれました。","This map of Oshima was sketched in 1797 as part of a land survey commissioned by the rulers of the Fukuoka domain. "]
[10938,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","福岡藩","ふくおかはん","Fukuoka domain","大島のこの地図は、1797年に福岡藩主の命により行われた土地調査の一環として描かれました。","This map of Oshima was sketched in 1797 as part of a land survey commissioned by the rulers of the Fukuoka domain. "]
[10939,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","中津宮","なかつみや","Nakatsu-miya","現在も確認できる主な場所としては、島の中央にある中津宮、御嶽山（224メートル）の頂上にある御嶽神社、そしてその2つを結ぶ山道などが挙げられます。","Key sites still recognizable today include Nakatsu-miya in the center of the island, Mitake Shrine on the summit of Mt. Mitake (224 m), and the mountain path connecting the two. "]
[10940,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","御嶽神社","みたけじんじゃ","Mitake Shrine","現在も確認できる主な場所としては、島の中央にある中津宮、御嶽山（224メートル）の頂上にある御嶽神社、そしてその2つを結ぶ山道などが挙げられます。","Key sites still recognizable today include Nakatsu-miya in the center of the island, Mitake Shrine on the summit of Mt. Mitake (224 m), and the mountain path connecting the two. "]
[10941,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","山岳","御嶽山","みたけさん","Mt. Mitake","現在も確認できる主な場所としては、島の中央にある中津宮、御嶽山（224メートル）の頂上にある御嶽神社、そしてその2つを結ぶ山道などが挙げられます。","Key sites still recognizable today include Nakatsu-miya in the center of the island, Mitake Shrine on the summit of Mt. Mitake (224 m), and the mountain path connecting the two. "]
[10942,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","島しょ","沖ノ島","おきのしま","Okinoshima","沖ノ島は長い間宗像信仰の一部として崇められてきました。","Okinoshima has long been venerated as part of the Munakata faith."]
[10943,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","宗像信仰","むなかたしんこう","Munakata faith","沖ノ島は長い間宗像信仰の一部として崇められてきました。","Okinoshima has long been venerated as part of the Munakata faith."]
[10944,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","宗像大社","むなかたたいしゃ","Munakata Taisha shrine","神々はそれぞれ、3つの宗像大社の1宮に祀られました。沖ノ島の沖津宮、大島の中津宮、そして本土の辺津宮です。","Each deity was enshrined at one of the three Munakata Taisha shrines: Okitsu-miya on Okinoshima, Nakatsu-miya on Oshima, and Hetsu-miya on the mainland."]
[10945,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","沖津宮","おきつみや","Okitsu-miya","神々はそれぞれ、3つの宗像大社の1宮に祀られました。沖ノ島の沖津宮、大島の中津宮、そして本土の辺津宮です。","Each deity was enshrined at one of the three Munakata Taisha shrines: Okitsu-miya on Okinoshima, Nakatsu-miya on Oshima, and Hetsu-miya on the mainland."]
[10946,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","辺津宮","へつみや","Hetsu-miya","神々はそれぞれ、3つの宗像大社の1宮に祀られました。沖ノ島の沖津宮、大島の中津宮、そして本土の辺津宮です。","Each deity was enshrined at one of the three Munakata Taisha shrines: Okitsu-miya on Okinoshima, Nakatsu-miya on Oshima, and Hetsu-miya on the mainland."]
[10947,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","建造物等","神宝館","しんぽうかん","Shimpokan Museum","遺物はすべて保存されており、一部は本土の辺津宮の敷地内にある博物館 神宝館に展示されています。","The entire body of artifacts is preserved, and a selection is displayed in the Shimpokan Museum on the grounds of Hetsu-miya on the mainland."]
[10948,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","沖津宮遙拝所","おきつみやようはいじょ","Okitsu-miya Yohaisho","守護の仲介地としての役割を果たしました。大島北岸に位置し沖ノ島を向くお堂、沖津宮遙拝所は、今も島の神を遠くに拝むことができる場所となっています。","Okitsu-miya Yohaisho, a hall oriented toward Okinoshima on Oshima’s northern coast, continues to be a place where the island’s deity may be venerated at a distance."]
[10949,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","史跡","新原・奴山古墳群","しんばる・ぬやまこふんぐん","Shinbaru–Nuyama Mounded Tomb Group","これには、「神宿る島」沖ノ島、宗像大社の関連遺跡群である沖津宮、沖津宮遥拝所、中津宮、辺津宮、そして新原・奴山古墳群が含まれます。","The inscription includes the sacred island of Okinoshima, the associated sites of Munakata Taisha—Okitsu-miya, Okitsu-miya Yohaisho, Nakatsu-miya, and Hetsu-miya—and the Shinbaru–Nuyama Mounded Tomb Group. "]
[10950,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","田心姫","たごりひめ","Tagorihime-no-kami","そして息と共に宗像の三神を吐き出しました。田心姫、湍津姫、そして市杵島姫です。","She then breathed out Munakata’s three deities: Tagorihime-no-kami, Tagitsuhime-no-kami, and Ichikishimahime-no-kami. "]
[10951,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","湍津姫","たぎつひめ","Tagitsuhime-no-kami","そして息と共に宗像の三神を吐き出しました。田心姫、湍津姫、そして市杵島姫です。","She then breathed out Munakata’s three deities: Tagorihime-no-kami, Tagitsuhime-no-kami, and Ichikishimahime-no-kami. "]
[10952,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","市杵島姫","いちきしまひめ","Ichikishimahime-no-kami","そして息と共に宗像の三神を吐き出しました。田心姫、湍津姫、そして市杵島姫です。","She then breathed out Munakata’s three deities: Tagorihime-no-kami, Tagitsuhime-no-kami, and Ichikishimahime-no-kami. "]
[10953,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","その他","神奈備祭","かんなびさい","Kannabi Festival","祭りは高宮祭場で神奈備祭をもって締めくくられ、祭祀を無事終えられたことに対して神々に感謝が捧げられます。","The festival concludes with the Kannabi Festival at the Takamiya Saijo grounds, where thanks are offered to the deities for the successful completion of the rites."]
[10954,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","高宮祭場","たかみやさいじょう","Takamiya Saijo","祭りは高宮祭場で神奈備祭をもって締めくくられ、祭祀を無事終えられたことに対して神々に感謝が捧げられます。","The festival concludes with the Kannabi Festival at the Takamiya Saijo grounds, where thanks are offered to the deities for the successful completion of the rites."]
[10955,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","人物・人名・役職名","織女（織姫）","しょくじょ（おりひめ）","Shokujo (Orihime) ","境内には、物語の悲恋の主人公である織女（織姫）と牽牛（彦星）を祀る神社があり、天の川（英語でthe Milky Way、乳の道の意味）と呼ばれる小川で隔てられています。","Its grounds include shrines dedicated to the tragic lovers of the story, Shokujo (Orihime) and Kengyu (Hikoboshi), separated by a stream called Amanogawa (the Milky Way)."]
[10956,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","人物・人名・役職名","牽牛（彦星）","けんぎゅう（ひこぼし）","Kengyu (Hikoboshi)","境内には、物語の悲恋の主人公である織女（織姫）と牽牛（彦星）を祀る神社があり、天の川（英語でthe Milky Way、乳の道の意味）と呼ばれる小川で隔てられています。","Its grounds include shrines dedicated to the tragic lovers of the story, Shokujo (Orihime) and Kengyu (Hikoboshi), separated by a stream called Amanogawa (the Milky Way)."]
[10957,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","天ノ真名井","あまのまない","Amanomanai Well","境内にはまた、宗像三女神の起源伝説に由来する天ノ真名井という井戸があります。\nAlso on the grounds is the Amanomanai Well, which is associated with the origin legend of the Three Female Deities of Munakata. ","Also on the grounds is the Amanomanai Well, which is associated with the origin legend of the Three Female Deities of Munakata. "]
[10958,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","安昌院","あんしょういん","Anshoin Temple","安昌院は、北日本の有力な安倍家出身の武将、安倍宗任（1032～1108年）と関係があります。","Anshoin Temple is associated with Abe no Muneto (1032–1108), a warrior from the powerful Abe family of northern Japan. "]
[10959,"福岡県","「神宿る島」宗像・沖ノ島と関連遺産群保存活用協議会","人物・人名・役職名","安倍宗任","あべのむねとう","Abe no Muneto ","安昌院は、北日本の有力な安倍家出身の武将、安倍宗任（1032～1108年）と関係があります。","Anshoin Temple is associated with Abe no Muneto (1032–1108), a warrior from the powerful Abe family of northern Japan. "]
[10960,"北海道","（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","その他","流送","りゅうそう","ryuso","[...] 木材は沙流川を丸太流しで下って海岸まで運ばれました。これは「流送」として知られている方法です。","[…] timber was transported to the coast by floating logs down the Sarugawa River, a method known as ryuso. "]
[10961,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","大陸衝突帯","たいりくしょうとつたい","continental collision zone","この山脈は大陸衝突帯の珍しい例で、数百万年かけて地球の地殻の深い層、さらには上部マントルの一部までもが地表に押し上げられているところです。","\nThey are a rare example of a continental collision zone where deep layers of the Earth’s crust, and even part of the upper mantle, were pushed to the surface over the course of several million years. "]
[10962,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","地殻","ちかく","crust","この山脈は大陸衝突帯の珍しい例で、数百万年かけて地球の地殻の深い層、さらには上部マントルの一部までもが地表に押し上げられているところです。","\nThey are a rare example of a continental collision zone where deep layers of the Earth’s crust, and even part of the upper mantle, were pushed to the surface over the course of several million years. "]
[10963,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","火成岩","かせいがん","igneous rock","研究者は、地球のマントルに起源を持つ火成岩、高温高圧により変成した海底の変成岩、そして白亜紀（約6600万年〜1億4500万年前）に形成された堆積岩を確認しています。","Researchers have identified igneous rocks that originated in the Earth’s mantle, metamorphic rocks from the ocean floor transformed by intense heat and pressure, and sedimentary rocks formed in the Cretaceous Period (66 to 145 million years ago). "]
[10964,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","変成岩","へんせいがん","metamorphic rock","研究者は、地球のマントルに起源を持つ火成岩、高温高圧により変成した海底の変成岩、そして白亜紀（約6600万年〜1億4500万年前）に形成された堆積岩を確認しています。","Researchers have identified igneous rocks that originated in the Earth’s mantle, metamorphic rocks from the ocean floor transformed by intense heat and pressure, and sedimentary rocks formed in the Cretaceous Period (66 to 145 million years ago). "]
[10965,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","堆積岩","たいせきがん","sedimentary rock","研究者は、地球のマントルに起源を持つ火成岩、高温高圧により変成した海底の変成岩、そして白亜紀（約6600万年〜1億4500万年前）に形成された堆積岩を確認しています。","Researchers have identified igneous rocks that originated in the Earth’s mantle, metamorphic rocks from the ocean floor transformed by intense heat and pressure, and sedimentary rocks formed in the Cretaceous Period (66 to 145 million years ago). "]
[10966,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","白亜紀","はくあき","Cretaceous Period","研究者は、地球のマントルに起源を持つ火成岩、高温高圧により変成した海底の変成岩、そして白亜紀（約6600万年〜1億4500万年前）に形成された堆積岩を確認しています。","Researchers have identified igneous rocks that originated in the Earth’s mantle, metamorphic rocks from the ocean floor transformed by intense heat and pressure, and sedimentary rocks formed in the Cretaceous Period (66 to 145 million years ago). "]
[10967,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","最終氷期","さいしゅうひょうき","Last Glacial Period","その多くは最終氷期（約1万1700年〜11万5000年前）に陸地を渡って北海道に到達した集団に起源をたどります。","[…] many of which trace their origins to populations that reached Hokkaido across land bridges during the Last Glacial Period (11,700 to 115,000 years ago)."]
[10968,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","人物・人名・役職名","伊藤秀五郎","いとうひでごろう","Hidegoro Ito","アウトドア愛好家で作家の伊藤秀五郎（1905–1976）は、1929年夏に北戸蔦別岳（標高1,912m）の単独初登頂を成し遂げました。","Outdoor enthusiast and author Hidegoro Ito (1905–1976) made the first solo ascent of Mt. Kita-Tottabetsu (1,912 m) in the summer of 1929. "]
[10969,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","北戸蔦別岳","きたとったべつだけ","Mt. Kita-Tottabetsu","アウトドア愛好家で作家の伊藤秀五郎（1905–1976）は、1929年夏に北戸蔦別岳（標高1,912m）の単独初登頂を成し遂げました。","Outdoor enthusiast and author Hidegoro Ito (1905–1976) made the first solo ascent of Mt. Kita-Tottabetsu (1,912 m) in the summer of 1929. "]
[10970,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","日本山岳曾北海道支部","にほんさんがくかい ほっかいどうしぶ","Academic Alpine Club of Hokkaido","1926年には数人の友人とともに日本山岳曾北海道支部を設立し、島内の数多くの未踏峰を登頂しました。","In 1926, he and several friends founded the Academic Alpine Club of Hokkaido, summiting many previously unclimbed peaks on the island."]
[10971,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","建造物等","北海道帝国大学","ほっかいどうていこくだいがく","Hokkaido Imperial University","横浜出身の伊藤は、1922年に当時の北海道帝国大学に入学するため札幌に移住した後、北海道の原野の探索を始めました。","Originally from Yokohama, Ito began exploring the Hokkaido wilderness after moving to Sapporo in 1922 to attend the then Hokkaido Imperial University. "]
[10972,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","人物・人名・役職名","松川五郎","まつかわ ごろう","Goro Matsukawa","これらの初期の遠征の多くは、大学の学友である松川五郎（1897〜1977年）と伊藤秀五郎（1905〜1976年）の2人が率いました。","Many of those early expeditions were led by Goro Matsukawa (1897–1977) and Hidegoro Ito (1905–1976), two friends from the university."]
[10973,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","芽室岳","めむろだけ","Mt. Memuro","1923年、松川と彼のチームが初めて芽室岳（1,753メートル）を登ったのです。","In 1923, Matsukawa and his team became the first to climb Mt. Memuro (1,753 m)."]
[10974,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","幌尻岳","ぽろしりだけ","Mt. Poroshiri","1925年には、伊藤が日高山脈最高峰である幌尻岳（2,052メートル）の登頂を率いました。","In 1925, Ito led an expedition to the summit of Mt. Poroshiri (2,052 m), the highest peak in the Hidaka Mountains. "]
[10975,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","岩内山","いわないやま"," Mt. Iwanai","1930年代から1950年代にかけて山岳地帯で鉱業が起こりましたが、岩内山のかんらん岩採掘が現在は主要な採掘活動となっています。","While mining of precious metals occurred in the mountains from the 1930s to the 1950s, peridotite quarrying on Mt. Iwanai is now the primary extraction activity."]
[10976,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","かんらん岩","かんらんがん","peridotite","1930年代から1950年代にかけて山岳地帯で鉱業が起こりましたが、岩内山のかんらん岩採掘が現在は主要な採掘活動となっています。","While mining of precious metals occurred in the mountains from the 1930s to the 1950s, peridotite quarrying on Mt. Iwanai is now the primary extraction activity."]
[10977,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","佐幌岳","さほろだけ","Mt. Sahoro","例えば佐幌岳（1,059メートル）、オダッシュ山（1,097メートル）、ペケレベツ岳（1,532メートル）への登山ルートなどがあります。","These include routes up Mt. Sahoro (1,059 m), Mt. Odasshu (1,097 m), and Mt. Pekerebetsu (1,532 m)."]
[10978,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","オダッシュ山","おだっしゅやま","Mt. Odasshu","例えば佐幌岳（1,059メートル）、オダッシュ山（1,097メートル）、ペケレベツ岳（1,532メートル）への登山ルートなどがあります。","These include routes up Mt. Sahoro (1,059 m), Mt. Odasshu (1,097 m), and Mt. Pekerebetsu (1,532 m)."]
[10979,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","山岳","ペケレベツ岳","ぺけれべつだけ","Mt. Pekerebetsu","例えば佐幌岳（1,059メートル）、オダッシュ山（1,097メートル）、ペケレベツ岳（1,532メートル）への登山ルートなどがあります。","These include routes up Mt. Sahoro (1,059 m), Mt. Odasshu (1,097 m), and Mt. Pekerebetsu (1,532 m)."]
[10980,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","庭園・公園","日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園","ひだかさんみゃく えりもとかちこくりつこうえん","Hidaka Sanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi National Park","日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園内の日高地区には、2本の指定登山道があります。","There are two designated climbing routes in Hidaka District within Hidaka Sanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi National Park. "]
[10981,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","日高ヒスイ","ひだかひすい","Hidaka Jade","日高山脈北西麓のこの緑色の石は、その外観も構造もヒスイに非常によく似ており、「日高ヒスイ」と呼ばれています。","This green stone from the northwestern foothills of the Hidaka Mountains so closely resembles jade, visually and structurally, that it is referred to as “Hidaka Jade.” "]
[10982,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","ジェダイト","じぇだいと","jadeite","ヒスイは通常、ジェダイトまたはネフライトのいずれかで構成されており、一部はオンファス輝石からなります。","While jade typically consists of either jadeite or nephrite, and sometimes omphacite, Hidaka jade is composed of chrome diopside. "]
[10983,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","ネフライト","ねふらいと","nephrite","ヒスイは通常、ジェダイトまたはネフライトのいずれかで構成されており、一部はオンファス輝石からなります。","While jade typically consists of either jadeite or nephrite, and sometimes omphacite, Hidaka jade is composed of chrome diopside. "]
[10984,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","オンファス輝石","おんふぁすきせき","omphacite","ヒスイは通常、ジェダイトまたはネフライトのいずれかで構成されており、一部はオンファス輝石からなります。","While jade typically consists of either jadeite or nephrite, and sometimes omphacite, Hidaka jade is composed of chrome diopside. "]
[10985,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","クロム透輝石","くろむとうきせき","chrome diopside","日高ヒスイはクロム透輝石で構成されています。","[…] Hidaka jade is composed of chrome diopside. "]
[10986,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","自然現象","地殻変動","ちかくへんどう","tectonic activity","日高山脈における岩石の多様性は、北海道が単一の島として形成されるに至った2億年以上にわたる地殻変動を反映しています。","The diversity of rocks in the Hidaka Mountains reflects over 200 million years of tectonic activity that resulted in the formation of Hokkaido as a single island. "]
[10987,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","オホーツクプレート","おほーつくぷれーと","Okhotsk Plate","この山脈は、オホーツクプレートとユーラシアプレートが衝突した際に、日高主衝上断層として知られる主断層帯に沿って形成されました。","The mountain range was formed during the collision of the Okhotsk Plate and the Eurasian Plate along a major fault zone known as the Hidaka Main Thrust. "]
[10988,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","ユーラシアプレート","ゆーらしあぷれーと","Eurasian Plate","この山脈は、オホーツクプレートとユーラシアプレートが衝突した際に、日高主衝上断層として知られる主断層帯に沿って形成されました。","The mountain range was formed during the collision of the Okhotsk Plate and the Eurasian Plate along a major fault zone known as the Hidaka Main Thrust."]
[10989,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","日高主衝上断層","ひだかしゅしょうじょうだんそう","Hidaka Main Thrust","この山脈は、オホーツクプレートとユーラシアプレートが衝突した際に、日高主衝上断層として知られる主断層帯に沿って形成されました。","The mountain range was formed during the collision of the Okhotsk Plate and the Eurasian Plate along a major fault zone known as the Hidaka Main Thrust. "]
[10990,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","ポロシリオフィオライト帯","ぽろしりおふぃおらいとたい","Poroshiri Ophiolite Belt","この断層帯の西側にはポロシリオフィオライト帯があり、これは隆起により東へ押し上げられた海洋地殻と上部マントルの残骸でできています。","On the western side of this fault zone lies the Poroshiri Ophiolite Belt, which consists of remnants of oceanic crust and upper mantle that were uplifted and thrust eastward. "]
[10991,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","ヒメマス","ひめます","Himemasu salmon","私たちヒメマスは、世界のさまざまな地域で「コカニーサーモン」と呼ばれる陸封型のサケの一種です。","We himemasu salmon are a species of landlocked salmon called kokanee salmon in some parts of the world.","「Kokanee salmon」はカナダ呼称である可能性があり（環境省十和田八幡平国立公園管理事務所より）アメリカ英語のスタンダードな表現を調査し「Himemasu salmon」としましたが、地域によっては「Kokanee salmon」と表現している場合もありま"]
[10992,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","断層帯","だんそうたい","fault zone","この断層帯の西側にはポロシリオフィオライト帯があり、これは隆起により東へ押し上げられた海洋地殻と上部マントルの残骸でできています。","\nOn the western side of this fault zone lies the Poroshiri Ophiolite Belt, which consists of remnants of oceanic crust and upper mantle that were uplifted and thrust eastward. "]
[10993,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","日高変成帯","ひだかへんせいたい","Hidaka Metamorphic Belt","東側には、かつて火山島列の一部だった高温変成岩からなる日高変成帯が広がっています。","\nOn the eastern side is the Hidaka Metamorphic Belt, composed of high-temperature metamorphic rocks that were once part of a volcanic island chain."]
[10994,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","蝦夷層群","えぞそうぐん","Yezo Group","その多くは、日高山脈の西側に位置する白亜紀（6600万年〜1億4500万前）の後期に形成された地層の蝦夷層群で発見されました。","Many were discovered in the Yezo Group, a stratigraphic formation dating from the Cretaceous Period (66 to 145 million years ago) that lies to the west of the Hidaka Mountains."]
[10995,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","島弧","とうこ","island arc","日高山脈を含む北海道東部の陸地は、約1000万～1300万年前に一体となった島弧からはるか後に形成されました。","The land of eastern Hokkaido, including the Hidaka Mountains, formed from accreted island arcs much later, approximately 10 to 13 million years ago."]
[10996,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","海岸・岬","間宮海峡","まみやかいきょう","Strait of Tartary","最終的に、日本海の北端にある間宮海峡と南端にある朝鮮海峡が形成され分離しました。","It finally separated with the formation of the Strait of Tartary and the Korea Strait, the extreme northern and southern ends, respectively, of the Sea of Japan."]
[10997,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","海岸・岬","朝鮮海峡","ちょうせんかいきょう","Korea Strait","最終的に、日本海の北端にある間宮海峡と南端にある朝鮮海峡が形成され分離しました。","It finally separated with the formation of the Strait of Tartary and the Korea Strait, the extreme northern and southern ends, respectively, of the Sea of Japan."]
[10998,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","岩石・洞窟","千島前弧スリバー","ちしまぜんこすりばー","Kuril forearc sliver","この衝突と、北海道中央部への千島前弧スリバー（オホーツクプレート上の火山島弧である千島弧の前面）の衝突により、地球の地殻が隆起し、[...]","This collision, along with the impact of the Kuril forearc sliver (the front of the Kuril Arc, a volcanic island arc on the Okhotsk Plate) into central Hokkaido, uplifted the Earth’s crust, [...]"]
[10999,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","人物・人名・役職名","ベンジャミン・スミス・ライマン","べんじゃみん すみす らいまん","Benjamin Smith Lyman","この目的のために、1872年、政府はアメリカの鉱山技師であり測量士でもあるベンジャミン・スミス・ライマン（1835～1920年）を北海道の調査に雇いました。","To this end, in 1872, the government hired American mining engineer and surveyor Benjamin Smith Lyman (1835–1920) to survey Hokkaido. "]
[11000,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","自然現象","圏谷","けんこく","cirque","そのゆっくりとした移動が、盆地状の圏谷、氷堆石として知られる岩屑の堆積、そして広大な河岸段丘など、複数の特徴的な地形を生み出しました。","Their slow movement produced several characteristic landforms, including bowl-shaped cirques, rocky debris mounds known as glacial moraines, and broad fluvial terraces."]
[11001,"北海道","\n（日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園）\n国立公園日高町協議会","自然現象","氷堆石","ひょうたいせき","glacial moraine","そのゆっくりとした移動が、盆地状の圏谷、氷堆石として知られる岩屑の堆積、そして広大な河岸段丘など、複数の特徴的な地形を生み出しました。","Their slow movement produced several characteristic landforms, including bowl-shaped cirques, rocky debris mounds known as glacial moraines, and broad fluvial terraces."]
[11002,"北海道","北海道新ひだか町","動物","オオハクチョウ","おおはくちょう","whooper swan","オオハクチョウやさまざまなカモ類などの水鳥は、秋や春の渡りの際にここに立ち寄って休息します。また、オジロワシやオオワシは寒い時期にこの地域で狩りを行うことで知られています。","Waterfowl such as whooper swans and various duck species rest here during their migrations in autumn and spring, while white-tailed and Steller's sea eagles are known to hunt in the area in the colder months."]
[11003,"北海道","北海道新ひだか町","動物","オオワシ","おおわし","Steller's sea eagles","オオハクチョウやさまざまなカモ類などの水鳥は、秋や春の渡りの際にここに立ち寄って休息します。また、オジロワシやオオワシは寒い時期にこの地域で狩りを行うことで知られています。","Waterfowl such as whooper swans and various duck species rest here during their migrations in autumn and spring, while white-tailed and Steller's sea eagles are known to hunt in the area in the colder months."]
[11004,"北海道","北海道新ひだか町","植物","エゾヒグマ","えぞひぐま","Ezo brown bear","野生動物には、山岳地帯に生息する大型のエゾヒグマやハムスターのようなエゾナキウサギのほか、崖や岩の多い海岸に生息する海鳥やゼニガタアザラシなどが含まれます。","Wildlife includes large Ezo brown bears and hamster-like Ezo pikas in the mountains, as well as seabirds and harbor seals along coastal cliffs and rocky shores."]
[11005,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）\n伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","三女神","さんめがみ","three goddesses","相差の集落の神明神社にある石神さんや、加布良古崎の伊射波神社の神と並び、鳥羽の「三女神」の一つとされている。","The deity of Hikotaki Daimyojin is considered one of the “three goddesses” of Toba; the other two are the Ishigami-san rock deity at Shinmei Shrine in the village of Osatsu and the deity of Isawa Shrine on the Kaburakosaki Peninsula."]
[11006,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）\n伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","神殿","しんでん","worship hall","渓流沿いのこの聖域には神殿がなく、境内入口に数本の鳥居と、聖域を示す太いしめ縄が川に架けられている。","There is no worship hall at this sanctuary alongside a tranquil mountain stream—only a few torii gates at the entrance to the grounds and a thick shimenawa rope that hangs across the stream, marking the site as sacred."]
[11007,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）\n伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","滝行","たきぎょう","takigyo","滝行は誰でも体験可能で、料金を支払えば参加できる。必要な衣類は受付でレンタルできる。","Anyone is welcome to try takigyo in exchange for a fee, and the required clothing can be rented at the reception."]
[11008,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）\n伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","食","豊漁"," ほうりょう","good catch","古くから近隣の漁村の住民たちから海の安全と豊漁の守護神として崇められてきた。","The shrine’s deity has traditionally been worshiped by the residents of nearby fishing villages as a guardian of safe voyages at sea and a bringer of good catches."]
[11009,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）\n伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","式年遷宮","式年遷宮","shikinen sengu","伊射波神社では「式年遷宮」と呼ばれる慣習に基づき、20～25年ごとに社殿を再建する。","The halls of Isawa Shrine are rebuilt every 20 to 25 years as part of a practice called shikinen sengu (“periodic transfer of a deity”)."]
[11010,"三重県","（伊勢志摩国立公園）\n伊勢志摩国立公園地域協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","常若","とこわか","tokowaka","この伝統は神道の「常若」の概念に根ざしており、永遠を追求する不断の再生を重視する思想である。","This tradition is rooted in the Shinto concept of tokowaka, or “eternal youth,” which emphasizes constant renewal in pursuit of timelessness."]
[11011,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","時代・歴史組織・団体","ダークスカイ・インターナショナル","だーくすかい・いんたーなしょなる","DarkSky International","国頭村森林公園は、光害を抑え自然の夜景を保護する村の取り組みが評価され「ダークスカイ・インターナショナル」から認定された国頭村にある4つの施設の1つです。","Kunigami Forest Park is one of four locations in Kunigami Village certified by the DarkSky International organization in recognition of the village’s commitment to limiting light pollution and preserving natural nightscapes."]
[11012,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","動物","ホルストガエル","ほるすとがえる","Holst’s frog","夏の時期には、珍しいホルストガエルの力強い鳴き声が聞こえ、また、ホタルの明滅する光を観察することができます。","During summer months, listen for the sharp bark of the rare Holst's frog and watch for the flickering lights of fireflies."]
[11013,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","自然現象","にぬふぁぶし","にぬふぁぶし","Ninufabushi","川は南から北へと流れているため、北極星（沖縄の方言で「にぬふぁぶし」）を常に海の方向に見つけることができます。","Since the river flows from south to north, the North Star—Ninufabushi in the Okinawan language—is always visible in the direction of the sea."]
[11014,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","動物","リュウキュウコノハズク","りゅうきゅうこのはずく","Ryukyu scops owl","川のほとりで寝そべってみるのもおすすめです。星々の景色と川のせせらぎ、この地域でしか見られない小型フクロウのリュウキュウコノハズクが表現する独特の鳴き声（コホーッ、コホーッ）を楽しめます。","We recommend stretching out on the riverbank, where the view of the stars is accompanied by the murmur of the river and the distinctive hoot (ko-hok, ko-hok) of the Ryukyu scops owl, a small bird endemic to this region."]
[11015,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","動物","リュウキュウカジカガエル","りゅうきゅうかじかがえる","Ryukyu kajika gaeru","周囲に広がる森からは天体観察をお供する音が響き渡ります；樹木にいる小さなリュウキュウカジカガエルの力強い鳴き声などです。","The forest surroundings provide a rich soundscape to accompany stargazing, including the powerful voice of the Ryukyu kajika gaeru, a small tree frog."]
[11016,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","テーマ施設等","安田くいなふれあい公園","あだくいなふれあいこうえん","Ada Kuina Fureai Park","安田くいなふれあい公園は、光害を抑え自然の夜景を保護する村の取り組みが評価され「ダークスカイ・インターナショナル」から認定された国頭村にある4つの施設の1つです。","Ada Kuina Fureai Park is one of four locations in Kunigami Village certified by the DarkSky International organization in recognition of the village’s commitment to limiting light pollution and preserving natural nightscapes."]
[11017,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","動物","ヤンバルクイナ","やんばるくいな","Okinawa rail (Yambaru kuina)","国頭村に住む人たちは、一年のさまざまな時期に、ヤンバルクイナに似た星座群を見つけています。村の象徴である飛べない鳥です。","Kunigami villagers have identified groups of stars that, at different times of the year, resemble the Okinawa rail (Yambaru kuina), the flightless bird that is a symbol of the village."]
[11018,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","その他","てぃんがーら","てぃんがーら","Tingara","6月から9月にかけて、ここを訪れる人たちは、天の川（沖縄の方言では「てぃんがーら」）がこの山の後ろから昇る様子をみることができます。","From June to September, visitors can watch the Milky Way—known in the Okinawan language as Tingara, or “Heavenly River”—rise from behind the mountain."]
[11019,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","博物館・美術館","やんばる森のおもちゃ美術館","やんばるもりのおもちゃびじゅつかん","Yambaru Forest Toy Museum","キャンプ場やゲストコテージ、ツリーハウス、やんばる森のおもちゃ美術館があります。","It features a campground, guest cottages, treehouses, and the Yambaru Forest Toy Museum."]
[11020,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","自然現象","むりぶし","むりぶし","Muribushi","公園の天体観測というテーマに沿う上で、このゲストハウスは沖縄の言葉で星の名前が付けられています。にぬふぁぶし（北極星）とむりぶし（すばる星）です。","In keeping with the park’s stargazing theme, the guesthouses have Okinawan star names: Ninufabushi (North Star) and Muribushi (the Pleiades)."]
[11021,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","工芸・美術","シーサー","しーさー","\nshisa","奥やんばるの里には、伝統的な赤瓦のコテージと、悪霊を追い払うと言われる守り神のシーサー像があります。","Oku Yambaru no Sato has cottages with traditional red-tile roofs and shisa guardian statues, which are said to ward off evil spirits."]
[11022,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","食","サーターアンダギー","さーたーあんだぎー","sata andagi","沖縄そば麺や、寿司、さしみ、バーガー（牛肉、豚肉、ヤギ肉）、そしてカレーから、沖縄の特製「ドーナツの穴」のお菓子であるサーターアンダギーといった地元の焼き菓子まで、幅広い品揃えがあります。","Choices range from Okinawan soba noodles, sushi and sashimi, burgers (beef, pork, or goat), and curry, to local baked goods like sata andagi, Okinawa’s signature “doughnut hole” confection."]
[11023,"沖縄県","（やんばる国立公園）\n国頭村役場","食","シークワーサー","しーくわーさー","shikuasa","中央のホールでは多岐にわたる地元産の製品を販売しています；具体的にはやんばる栽培のコーヒー豆や、クラフトビール、そしてたんかんやシークワーサーなどの酸っぱい柑橘類から作った飲み物などです。","The central hall sells a wide selection of locally sourced products, including Yambaru-grown coffee beans, craft beers, and drinks made from tart citrus fruits like the tankan and shikuasa."]
[11024,"宮城県","登米市","高原・湿原・原野","沖積平野","ちゅうせきへいや","alluvial plain","伊豆沼・内沼は、伊豆沼と内沼という二つの湖が繋がった浅い淡水湖沼です。宮城県登米市の迫川の沖積平野に位置しています。","Izunuma-Uchinuma is two interconnected freshwater lakes situated in the alluvial plain of the Hasama River in Tome, a town in Miyagi Prefecture. "]
[11025,"宮城県","登米市","高原・湿原・原野","越冬地","えっとうち","wintering grounds","登米市のもう一つの魅力は、伊豆沼・内沼湿原です。ここはラムサール条約に登録されており、ハクチョウやガチョウの日本有数の越冬地です。","Another key feature of Tome’s appeal is the Izunuma-Uchinuma wetlands. This is a Ramsar-registered site and one of Japan’s major wintering grounds for swans and geese. "]
[11026,"宮城県","登米市","時代・歴史組織・団体","食農体験ネットワーク登米協議会","しょくのうたいけんねっとわーくとめきょうぎかい","Shokuno Taiken Network Tome Council","登米市では、「食農体験ネットワーク登米協議会」を通じて、さまざまなアグリツーリズム体験が提供されています。","Tome offers a number of agritourism experiences through Shokuno Taiken Network Tome Council, comprised of multiple organizations that support community-based tourism. "]
[11027,"宮城県","登米市","動物","マガン","まがん","greater white-fronted geese","毎年冬になると、伊豆沼・内沼は数万羽もの渡り鳥が集まる貴重な越冬地となります。中でも、マガン（Anser albifrons）やオオハクチョウ（Cygnus cygnus）は特に数が多く見られます。","Each winter, Izunuma-Uchinuma transforms into a sanctuary for tens of thousands of migratory birds, with greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) and whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) among the most numerous."]
[11028,"宮城県","登米市","動物","オオハクチョウ","おおはくちょう","whooper swans","毎年冬になると、伊豆沼・内沼は数万羽もの渡り鳥が集まる貴重な越冬地となります。中でも、マガン（Anser albifrons）やオオハクチョウ（Cygnus cygnus）は特に数が多く見られます。","Each winter, Izunuma-Uchinuma transforms into a sanctuary for tens of thousands of migratory birds, with greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) and whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) among the most numerous."]
[11029,"宮城県","登米市","食","はっと","はっと","hatto","登米の郷土料理としてぜひ味わいたいのが「はっと」です。","A must-try local dish is hatto."]
[11030,"宮城県","登米市","河川・渓谷","迫川","はさまがわ","Hasama River","迫川（はさまがわ）は主要な流入・流出河川として、湖の水環境を支えています。","The lakes are surrounded by low-lying cropland and fed by multiple small rivers and streams, with the Hasama River serving as both the key inflow and outflow."]
[11031,"宮城県","登米市","庭園・公園","三陸復興国立公園","さんりくふっこうこくりつこうえん","Sanriku Fukko National Park","横山不動尊は、青森・岩手・宮城の3県にまたがる全長約250キロメートルの三陸海岸一帯を含む、三陸復興国立公園内に位置する静寂に包まれた寺院です。","This serene temple is part of Sanriku Fukko National Park, which extends along the Sanriku Coast, the 250-kilometer stretch of Pacific coastline bordering Aomori, Iwate, and Miyagi Prefectures."]
[11032,"宮城県","登米市","時代・歴史組織・団体","仙台藩第四代藩主","せんだいはんだいよんだいはんしゅ","fourth daimyo of the Sendai Domain","1684年には、仙台藩第四代藩主・伊達綱村（1659–1719）が、京都の名高い仏師に命じて不動明王像の鑑定を行わせました。","In 1684, Date Tsunamura (1659–1719), the fourth daimyo of the Sendai Domain, commissioned an appraisal of the statue by a distinguished Buddhist sculptor from Kyoto. "]
[11033,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","伊達綱村","だてつなむら","Date Tsunamura","1684年には、仙台藩第四代藩主・伊達綱村（1659–1719）が、京都の名高い仏師に命じて不動明王像の鑑定を行わせました。","In 1684, Date Tsunamura (1659–1719), the fourth daimyo of the Sendai Domain, commissioned an appraisal of the statue by a distinguished Buddhist sculptor from Kyoto. "]
[11034,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","弘法大師空海","こうぼうだいし くうかい","priest Kukai","その結果、この像は弘法大師空海（774–835）の作と伝えられるようになり、翌年には京都から仏師を招いて本格的な修復が行われ、像を安置するための壮麗な不動堂が再建されました。","The statue was declared to be a creation of the revered priest Kukai (774–835; posthumously known as Kobo Daishi). Tsunamura invited Buddhist sculptors to travel from Kyoto to the site to carry out a full restoration. "]
[11035,"宮城県","登米市","建造物等","五重塔","ごじゅうとう","pagoda","また、境内に立つ1776年建立の銅製五重塔も特筆すべき存在です。仙台藩の職人によって造られたこの塔は、江戸時代の金属建築として非常に珍しい遺構で、地・水・火・風・空という仏教の五大思想をそれぞれの層で象徴しています。高さ約8メートルのこの塔は、1957年に宮城県の文化財に指定されました。","The pagoda, which stands around eight meters tall, was designated a cultural property by Miyagi Prefecture in 1957. "]
[11036,"宮城県","登米市","神社・寺院・神仏等","不動明王","ふどうみょうおう","Fudo Myo-o","この迫力ある高さ約2.75メートルの像は、平安時代（794～1185年）に制作されたもので、日本密教における強力な守護尊である不動明王を表しています。","This imposing 2.75-meter-tall statue, which dates from the Heian period (794–1185), depicts Fudo Myo-o, a powerful guardian deity in Japanese Esoteric Buddhism. "]
[11037,"宮城県","登米市","建造物等","寄木造","よせぎづくり","yosegi-zukuri","像がこれほどの大作でありながらも安定して残されているのは、重量を抑えるための内刳り（うちぐり）構造と、複数の木材を組み合わせて造る寄木造（よせぎづくり）という高度な技法が、きわめて精緻に用いられているためです。","The yosegi-zukuri joined-block technique, in which multiple pieces of wood are joined instead of carving from a single block, has been employed with great precision."]
[11038,"宮城県","登米市","神社・寺院・神仏等","秘仏","ひぶつ","hidden Buddha","また、像の胎内には高さ約10センチメートルの金色の胎内仏が納められており、「秘仏」として扱われています。","A golden tainai-butsu, about 10 centimeters tall, is housed within the statue as a “hidden Buddha.” "]
[11039,"宮城県","登米市","神社・寺院・神仏等","胎内仏","たいないぶつ","tainai-butsu","また、像の胎内には高さ約10センチメートルの金色の胎内仏が納められており、「秘仏」として扱われています。","A golden tainai-butsu, about 10 centimeters tall, is housed within the statue as a “hidden Buddha.” "]
[11040,"宮城県","登米市","動物","ウグイ","うぐい","ugui","横山不動尊の湧き水池には、大きな鱗を持つアカヒレの魚ウグイが生息しています。","The spring-fed pond at Yokoyama Fudoson is home to the ugui, the big-scaled redfin fish also known as the Japanese dace. "]
[11041,"宮城県","登米市","神社・寺院・神仏等","柳津虚空蔵尊","やないずこくうぞうそん","Yanaizu Kokuzoson","柳津虚空蔵尊は、日本三大虚空蔵菩薩の一つに数えられ、智慧と慈悲の心を体現する仏様を祀っています。","Yanaizu Kokuzoson is considered one of Japan’s three great Kokuzo Bosatsu temples, honoring this Buddhist bodhisattva of wisdom and compassion."]
[11042,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","行基","ぎょうき","Gyoki","行基（ぎょうき、668～749）が勅命により近くの山に虚空蔵菩薩像を彫ったと伝えられています。\n","The temple’s origins date back to 726, when Buddhist priest Gyoki (668–749) is said to have carved the statue of the bodhisattva Kokuzo on a nearby mountain by order of the emperor. \n"]
[11043,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","大伴家持","おおとものやかもち","Otomo no Yakamochi","虚空蔵菩薩像は秘仏と呼ばれ、771年に大伴家持（718～775年）が、この像は神聖すぎるため常時拝観できないと定めたことから、33年に一度のみ開帳されます。","It is revealed to the public only once every 33 years in a tradition dating back to 771, when the statesman Otomo no Yakamochi (718–775) declared the image too sacred for regular viewing. "]
[11044,"宮城県","登米市","その他","徳","とく","merit","本堂には、智慧と徳を司る菩薩である虚空蔵菩薩像が安置されています。","The structure houses a statue of Kokuzo Bosatsu, the bodhisattva of wisdom and merit. "]
[11045,"宮城県","登米市","神社・寺院・神仏等","薬師堂","やくしどう","Yakushi Hall","薬師堂には薬師如来が、弁財天堂は芸術や美の御利益を求める人々に人気です。","The Yakushi Hall enshrines the Medicine Buddha, while Benzaiten Hall is popular among those seeking blessings for the arts and beauty. "]
[11046,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","石ノ森章太郎","いしのもりしょうたろう","Ishinomori Shotaro","この施設は、日本を代表する漫画家の一人であり、その多作な作品群と長年にわたる影響力から「漫画王」とも称えられる石ノ森章太郎（1938年～1998年）を記念するものです。","This facility honors Ishinomori Shotaro (1938–1998), one of Japan’s most celebrated manga artists and often called the “Manga King” for his prolific output and lasting influence. "]
[11047,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","丸山権太右衛門","まるやまごんざえもん","Maruyama Gondazaemon","道の駅米山の入り口には、堂々としたブロンズ像が立っています。登米市米山出身の丸山権太右衛門（1713～1749年）の像で、相撲史上3人目の横綱となりました。","The figure is of Maruyama Gondazaemon (1713–1749), who was a native of the Yoneyama area in Tome, and the third person in sumo history to achieve the sport’s highest rank of yokozuna. "]
[11048,"宮城県","登米市","工芸・美術","幾何学構成主義芸術","きかがくこうせいしゅぎげいじゅつ","geometric constructive art","1979年、彼は垂直性に焦点を当てた新たな方向性を模索し始め、これを幾何学構成主義芸術と名付けました。","In 1979, he began exploring a new direction focused on verticality, which he termed geometric constructive art."]
[11049,"宮城県","登米市","人物・人名・役職名","伊達慶邦","だてよしくに","Date Yoshikuni","不老仙館は、仙台伊達家13代藩主・伊達慶邦（1825～1874年）が巡幸の際に滞在した場所です。","The Furosenkan is a residence where Date Yoshikuni (1825–1874), the 13th-generation Date daimyo of Sendai, stayed when touring the domain. "]
[11050,"宮城県","登米市","建造物等","不老仙館","ふろうせんかん","Furosenkan","不老仙館は、仙台伊達家13代藩主・伊達慶邦（1825～1874年）が巡幸の際に滞在した場所です。","The Furosenkan is a residence where Date Yoshikuni (1825–1874), the 13th-generation Date daimyo of Sendai, stayed when touring the domain. "]
[11051,"宮城県","登米市","建造物等","寄棟造り","よせむねづくり","yosemune-zukuri ","南向きのこの邸宅は、茅葺き屋根の寄棟造りで、4つの棟が1つの棟で繋がっています。","The residence faces south and features a thatched roof built in the yosemune-zukuri hipped roof style, with four sloping sides that meet at a single ridge at the top."]
[11052,"福島県","二本松市","年中行事","二本松菊人形祭り","にほんまつきくにんぎょうまつり","The Nihonmatsu Chrysanthemum Doll Festival","二本松菊人形祭りは、毎年10月上旬から11月中旬にかけて、菊が咲き誇る紅葉の絶頂期に霞ヶ城公園で開催されます。","The Nihonmatsu Chrysanthemum Doll Festival is held in Kasumigajo Castle Park from early October to mid-November each year, when the chrysanthemums are in bloom at the height of autumn colors. "]
[11053,"福島県","二本松市","工芸・美術","摘心","てきしん","tekishin","この菊は栽培者が毎日水やりと手入れをし、「摘心」（英語で摘まむ）と呼ばれる技法で成長を調整します。","These chrysanthemums are watered and tended daily by cultivators, who use a technique called “pinching” (tekishin) to shape their growth. "]
[11054,"福島県","二本松市","植物","千輪咲","せんりんざき","senrinzaki","千輪咲は、直径4メートル、高さ3メートルにもなるドーム状に栽培された一株の菊で、千輪以上の花で覆われます。","The senrinzaki is a single chrysanthemum plant cultivated into a dome as much as 4 meters across and 3 meters high. "]
[11055,"福島県","二本松市","植物","五百輪咲","ごひゃくりんざき","gohyakurinzaki","小規模な千輪咲もお祭りの見どころで、500輪の花をつける五百輪咲、そして100輪の花をつける百輪咲などがあります。","Smaller variations of senrinzaki also featured at the festival include the gohyakurinzaki, with 500 blossoms, and the hyakutarin, with 100.\n"]
[11056,"福島県","二本松市","人物・人名・役職名","菊師","きくし","kikushi ","菊人形に満開の花を「着せる」職人は菊師（英語で菊マスター）と呼ばれます。","The artisans who “dress” chrysanthemum dolls in blossoms are called kikushi, or “chrysanthemum masters.”"]
[11057,"福島県","二本松市","工芸・美術","胴柄","どうがら","dogara","この時点では、各人形は空洞のある骨組み（胴柄）の状態で、頭と手だけが取り付けられています。","At this point, each doll is a hollow frame or dogara, with only its head and hands attached."]
[11058,"福島県","二本松市","工芸・美術","菊付け","きくづけ","kikuzuke","各人形に着せる工程は菊付けと呼ばれます。","The process of dressing each doll is called kikuzuke."]
[11059,"福島県","二本松市","植物","三輪盆養","さんりんぼんよう","sanrin bon’yo","品評大会の中心は、激しい競争が繰り広げられる、3輪の花を鉢で育てる（三輪盆養）部門です。","The heart of the competition is the fiercely contested three-blossom potted plant (sanrin bon’yo) category."]
[11060,"福島県","二本松市","人物・人名・役職名","下絵師","したえし","shitaeshi","下絵師はジオラマ背景の絵付けを担当し、色鮮やかな人形を最高に引き立てるよう、慎重に描かれます。","The shitaeshi are responsible for painting the diorama’s backdrop, which must be judiciously executed to set the brightly colored dolls off to best effect."]
[11061,"福島県","二本松市","人物・人名・役職名","造形師","ぞうけいし","Zokeishi","造形師はセットと小道具の両方を担当します。 ","Zokeishi are responsible for creating both sets and props."]
[11062,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","社会","かんじき","かんじき","kanjiki","魚沼地方では小枝で作る楕円形のスノーシュー「かんじき」に加え、柔軟で特大の「すかり」が用いられた。","In addition to oval kanjiki snowshoes made from twigs, the people of Uonuma used flexible, oversized snowshoes called sukari. "]
[11063,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","社会","すかり","すかり","sukari","魚沼地方では小枝で作る楕円形のスノーシュー「かんじき」に加え、柔軟で特大の「すかり」が用いられた。","In addition to oval kanjiki snowshoes made from twigs, the people of Uonuma used flexible, oversized snowshoes called sukari. "]
[11064,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","社会","ゆきむろ","ゆきむろ","yukimuro","冷蔵技術が普及する以前には、魚や野菜などの生鮮食品は「ゆきむろ」と呼ばれる自然の冷蔵庫で一年中保存されていた。","In the days before refrigeration, fish, vegetables, and other fresh foods were stored year-round in natural refrigerators called yukimuro (“snow cellars”)."]
[11065,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","書物","北越雪譜","ほくえつせっぷ","Hokuetsu seppu (Snow Country Tales: Life in the Other Japan)","こうした雪国生活の様相は、魚沼出身の鈴木牧之（1770-1842）が19世紀に著した『北越雪譜』に数多く記されている。","These examples of life in snow country, among many others, are all mentioned in Hokuetsu seppu (Snow Country Tales: Life in the Other Japan), a nineteenth-century work by the Uonuma native Suzuki Bokushi (1770–1842)."]
[11066,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","社会","雪晒し","ゆきさらし","yukisarashi","晴れた日には、その布を雪の上に広げて日光に当てて漂白する「雪晒し」という手法が用いられた。","On fine days, the cloth was spread out on the snow and exposed to the sun to bleach it, in a practice called yukisarashi."]
[11067,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","工芸・美術","越後上布","えちごじょうふ","Echigo jofu","19世紀まで、江戸では魚沼でからむしから作られる軽量織物「越後上布」にも大きな需要があった。","Until the nineteenth century, there was also significant demand in Edo for finely woven Echigo jofu, a lightweight textile made in Uonuma from the ramie plant and often used to make summer kimono. "]
[11068,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","建造物等","せがい造り","せがいづくり","segai-zukuri","1989年に地元の杉材を用いて伝統的な「せがい造り」様式で建てられ、深い腕木を持つ軒先が積雪に耐え建物を風雪から守る構造となっている。","It was built in 1989 using local cedar in the traditional segai-zukuri style with deep, bracket-supported eaves that can withstand heavy snow and help protect the building from the elements."]
[11069,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","年中行事","小正月","こしょうがつ","koshogatsu","そのほとんどは1月15日ごろ、いわゆる「小正月」の頃に開催される。","Most of these are held around January 15, or koshogatsu (“little New Year”)."]
[11070,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","社会","しめ飾り","しめかざり","shimekazari","準備として住民は庭に雪のヤグラや雪像を築き、竹の枝や使い古した「しめ飾り」（新年の幸運を祈って戸口に飾る稲わらで作った飾り）で装飾する。","In preparation, residents build mounds or sculptures of snow in their yards and decorate them with bamboo and used shimekazari, the New Year’s decorations made of rice straw that are hung above doors and entrances."]
[11071,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","年中行事","さいのかみ","さいのかみ","sainokami","「さいのかみ」の祭りは、年末年始に家々を訪れて恵みをもたらすとされる神々を見送るため、年越しの飾り物を焚き火で燃やす行事である。","The sainokami festival involves burning New Year’s decorations on a bonfire to bid farewell to the deities that are believed to visit homes carrying blessings for the holiday season."]
[11072,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","食","福餅","ふくもち","fukumochi","福餅を投げる行為は地域全体に幸運を広めると信じられている。","The flinging of fukumochi is believed to spread good fortune throughout the community."]
[11073,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","工芸・美術","ささら","ささら","sasara","祭りの厳かなクライマックスでは、当年の干支と同じ年に生まれた多聞青年団の年長者が、笹の拍子木「ささら」の調べに合わせて毘沙門天への祈りを詠唱する。","In the solemn climax of the festival, a senior Tamon Seinendan member born in a year with the same Chinese zodiac sign as the current year sings a prayer to Bishamonten accompanied by a sasara, a bamboo clapper."]
[11074,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","工芸・美術","かすり","かすり","kasuri","この織物は「かすり」と呼ばれる防染技法で染色される。","This type of textile is dyed with a resist-dyeing technique called kasuri (or ikat)."]
[11075,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","工芸・美術","亀甲模様","きっこうもよう","tortoise shell pattern","その精巧な模様には、威厳ある外観と長寿の縁起を意味する六角形の亀甲模様など、数多くの複雑な模様が含まれる。","Its many elaborate patterns include the hexagonal tortoise shell pattern, appreciated for its dignified appearance and association with longevity."]
[11076,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","神社・寺院・神仏等","火渡り","ひわたり","fire walking","これらの神社に今なお残る、修行者特有の祓いの儀式が火渡りである。","A distinctive shugenja purification ritual that survives at these shrines is fire walking. "]
[11077,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","社会","参勤交代","さんきんこうたい","sankin kotai","幕府は「参勤交代」制度により、大名に隔年で領地と江戸の間を往来することを義務付けた。","The shogunate required daimyo lords to travel between their domains and Edo every other year in a system called sankin kotai (“alternate attendance” at functions in the shogun’s castle)."]
[11078,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","建造物等","本陣","ほんじん","honjin","大名や貴族、幕府役人が宿泊を許可された宿屋である「本陣」が1軒あった。","It had one honjin, an inn that was authorized for use by daimyo lords as well as nobles and shogunate officials."]
[11079,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","食","薄荷糖","はっかとう","hakkato","酒蔵近くの同名の菓子店「青木」では、江戸時代に薬として用いられた魚沼の名産品「薄荷糖」を製造している。","A sweets shop near the brewery, also called Aoki, makes hakkato mint candies, an Uonuma specialty that was a medicine in the Edo period."]
[11080,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","食","淡麗旨口","たんれいうまくち","tanrei umakuchi","青木酒造の酒造りでは、淡麗旨口と呼ばれる、すっきりとした口当たりと旨味豊かな余韻が特徴の日本酒を造っている。","The brewers at Aoki make crisp sakes with a smooth and umami-rich finish, a flavor profile called tanrei umakuchi."]
[11081,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","建造物等","雁木","がんぎ","gangi","公共の道路とは異なり、各家屋前の「雁木」は家主の所有物である。","Different from the public street, the gangi in front of each house is the property of the house owner."]
[11082,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","その他","ハッカ油","はっかゆ","mentha oil","ハッカ油は乾燥した葉と茎を蒸留して作られる。","Mentha oil is distilled with steam from dried peppermint leaves and stalks."]
[11083,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","動物","イワナ","いわな","iwana","多くの釣り愛好家も奥只見湖でイワナやワカサギを狙いに訪れる。","Many amateur anglers also visit to fish for iwana (whitespotted char) and wakasagi (Japanese pond smelt) at Lake Okutadami."]
[11084,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","動物","ワカサギ","わかさぎ","wakasagi","多くの釣り愛好家も奥只見湖でイワナやワカサギを狙いに訪れる。","Many amateur anglers also visit to fish for iwana (whitespotted char) and wakasagi (Japanese pond smelt) at Lake Okutadami."]
[11085,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","自然現象","滝雲","たきぐも","takigumo","滝雲は一年中発生する可能性があるが、秋に多く見られる。","Takigumo can occur throughout the year but are more common in autumn."]
[11086,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","建造物等","欄間","らんま","ranma","例えば、本尊の上にある欄間には、道元禅師の生涯における三つの伝説的な場面が描かれている。","For instance, the ranma transom above the main altar depicts three legendary scenes from Dogen’s life."]
[11087,"新潟県","株式会社自遊人","建造物等","入母屋造り","いりもやづくり","hip-and-gable","入母屋造りの建物は二階建てのように見えるが、下層の屋根は装飾用である。","The hip-and-gable roofs make the building appear to have two stories, but the lower roof is decorative."]
[11088,"埼玉県","小川町観光協会","食","特定名称酒","とくていめいしょうしゅ","tokutei meishoshu","「特別な表記の酒」（特定名称酒）の分類によると酒には4つの基本的な等級があります。","The classification system for “special designation sake” (tokutei meishoshu) divides sake into four basic grades. "]
[11089,"埼玉県","小川町観光協会","食","麹菌","こうじきん","koji mold ","2006年に、日本醸造協会は麹菌（二ホンコウジカビ）を日本の「国菌」に認定しました。","In 2006, the Brewing Society of Japan officially certified koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae) as Japan’s “national mold.”"]
[11090,"埼玉県","小川町観光協会","建造物等","囲炉裏","いろり","irori","変更には茅葺屋根から波形の鉄板の取り外し、モダンな吊り天井と部屋の仕切りの取り外し、床に埋め込まれた炉（囲炉裏）を元の場所に復元することなどがありました。","Changes included removing corrugated iron sheeting from the thatched roof, removing modern suspended ceilings and room partitions, and restoring the sunken hearth (irori) to its original location."]
[11091,"埼玉県","小川町観光協会","その他","里山","さとやま","satoyama ","日本語の里山とは、樹木の生い茂る丘や山々が耕作地に隣接する「中間地帯」を指します。そして人と自然が持続可能な調和の中で共存する場所です。","The Japanese word satoyama refers to the “in-between zone” where forested hills or mountains adjoin cultivated land, and humans and nature coexist in sustainable harmony. "]
[11092,"埼玉県","小川町観光協会","工芸・美術","漉き舟","すきぶね","sukibune","紙の混合物が水、楮の繊維、そしてねり（黄蜀葵（トロロアオイ）の根から取り出した粘性のあるでんぷん）を木製の製紙用桶（漉き舟）で混ぜることによって作られます。","The paper mixture is made by combining water, kozo fiber, and neri—a viscous starch made from the root of the sunset hibiscus (tororo aoi) plant—in a wooden papermaking vat (sukibune). "]
[11093,"埼玉県","小川町観光協会","工芸・美術","簀桁","すげた"," sugeta","細川紙は、楮（英名 paper mulberry）の最も上質な白色の内樹皮から手作りされています。簀桁を揺り動かす流し漉きという方法を用いています。","Hosokawa-shi is handmade from the finest, innermost white bark of the kozo (paper mulberry) plant, using the nagashi-suki method, which involves rocking the sugeta frame. "]
[11094,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","社会","回忌","かいき","anniversary of _____’s death.","道路の整備と植樹には20年以上を要しましたが、この事業は1648年、家康の三十三回忌に合わせて完成しました。","It took more than two decades to finish the roadworks and the planting, but the project was completed in 1648, just in time for the thirty-third anniversary of Ieyasu’s death."]
[11095,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","工芸・美術","石工","いしく","stonemason ","大洪水の後、地元の石工によって発見されたといわれています。","The legend says that it was discovered by a local stonemason after a large flood."]
[11096,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","里","り","ri","この丘は、距離が「里」という単位で測られていた江戸時代（1603–1867）に重要な役割を果たしました。","This hill served an important purpose during the Edo period (1603–1867), when distance was measured in units called ri. "]
[11097,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","一斉射撃","いっせいしゃげき","volley of shots","道路の見通しの悪いカーブを利用して、後方の斥候隊が待ち伏せをし、接近してくる新政府側の武士たちに向けて一斉射撃を行いました。","Taking advantage of the blind curve in the road, the rear scouts lay in wait, firing a volley of shots at the approaching samurai."]
[11098,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","行列","ぎょうれつ","retinues","大名たちが、日光東照宮を参拝したり、江戸の都へと往来したりする際、彼らは威風堂々とした行列で旅をしました。兵士、役人、足軽、その他の従者からなるパレードのような一行は、数百人、ときには数千人に達することもありました。","Their parade-like retinues of soldiers, officials, footmen, and other servants numbered in the hundreds if not thousands."]
[11099,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","植物","二重樹","にじゅうじゅ","gemel","「二重樹」と呼ばれるこの極めて珍しい種類の樹木は、2本の木が共生的に融合することで形作られます。","This exceedingly rare type of tree, called a “gemel,” is formed when a pair of trees become symbiotically fused."]
[11100,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","擁壁","ようへき","embankment walls","そのためには、交通を並木道からそらすためのバイパス建設といった大規模な施策から、老朽化した擁壁の改修や、木の根を保護するためのコンクリート枠の埋設といった小規模な措置まで、幅広い取り組みが必要です。","To do so, widespread action is necessary, from large measures like the creation of a bypass to move traffic away from the avenues to smaller-scale measures such as replacing dilapidated embankment walls and burying concrete frames to protect the trees’ roots."]
[11101,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","神木","しんぼく","divine trees","また、多くの神社には「神木」として尊ばれる立派な杉が1本以上あり、神そのものを体現するものと考えられています。","Many shrines also have one or more impressive sugi that are considered divine trees (shinboku) and thought to embody kami deities."]
[11102,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","時代・歴史組織・団体","街道網","かいどうもう","road network","1601年、彼は広大な街道網の整備を命じました。","As shogun, one of Ieyasu’s first concerns was transportation infrastructure. In 1601, he ordered the creation of a vast road network."]
[11103,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","その他","中空コンクリートブロック（ポカラ）","ちゅうくうコンクリートブロック（ポカラ）","concrete frames","並木道自体においても、自動車や歩行者の通行によって地面が踏み固められるのを防ぐため、中空コンクリートブロック（ポカラ）が地中に埋設されています。","Concrete frames have been buried under the avenue to keep the ground from becoming compacted by vehicle and foot traffic."]
[11104,"栃木県","日光市多言語解説整備支援事業検討協議会","書物","旅行記","りょこうき","travelogue","日光を訪れた初期の西洋人の多くは、その印象を日記や旅行記に記しています。","Many early visitors to Nikko recorded their impressions in diaries and travelogues."]
[11105,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","神社・寺院・神仏等","遥拝所","ようはいじょ","yohaijo","本殿が鎮座する聖なる竹島へ続く橋の前の遥拝所まで巡行します。","Their destination is the yohaijo (“remote shrine”) in front of the bridge to the sacred island of Takeshima, on which the main shrine is located."]
[11106,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","その他","手筒花火","てづつはなび","tezutsu firework","夕暮れ時、この火は神社隣接の海岸で手筒花火を点火するために用いられます。","At dusk, this fire is used to ignite tezutsu fireworks on the beach next to the shrine."]
[11107,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","社会","厄年","やくどし","“unlucky year” (yakudoshi)","祭りは厄年の者が厄払いのために餅を投げ入れる儀式で幕を閉じます。","At the conclusion of the festival, parishioners who are in their “unlucky year” (yakudoshi) fling mochi rice cakes into the crowd to drive away misfortune."]
[11108,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","食","金つば","きんつば","kintsuba","濃厚なみかん餡を薄い小麦粉と水の衣で包み鉄板で焼いた四角い菓子「金つば」もあります。","There are also more traditional Japanese sweets such as kintsuba, a square confection made from a dense mikan paste coated with a thin flour-and-water batter and cooked on a hot plate."]
[11109,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","食","潮干狩り","しおひがり","clam-digging (shio higari)","春は「潮干狩り」と呼ばれる貝掘りシーズンで、日本沿岸部で人気のレジャー活動の一つです。","Spring is the season for clam-digging (shio higari), a popular leisure activity throughout coastal Japan."]
[11110,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","マテガイ","まてがい","mategai razor clam","やや大きな穴も有望で、マテガイが入っている可能性があります。","Slightly larger holes are also promising, as they may indicate the presence of mategai razor clams."]
[11111,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","メヒカリ","めひかり","mehikari (bigeyed greeneye)","その中には、特徴的な緑色の目から名付けられ、柔らかく白い身が珍重されるメヒカリや、細長い体と青みがかった身が特徴で、新鮮な状態で食べられる期間が短いニギスなどが含まれます。","These include fish such as mehikari (bigeyed greeneye), named for its striking green eyes and treasured for its soft white flesh, and nigisu (deep-sea smelt), which has a thin, elongated body and blueish flesh and only remains fresh for a short time."]
[11112,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","ニギス","にぎす","nigisu (deep-sea smelt)","その中には、特徴的な緑色の目から名付けられ、柔らかく白い身が珍重されるメヒカリや、細長い体と青みがかった身が特徴で、新鮮な状態で食べられる期間が短いニギスなどが含まれます。","These include fish such as mehikari (bigeyed greeneye), named for its striking green eyes and treasured for its soft white flesh, and nigisu (deep-sea smelt), which has a thin, elongated body and blueish flesh and only remains fresh for a short time."]
[11113,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","カツオ","かつお","katsuo (skipjack tuna)","蒲郡を拠点とする漁師で、三河湾を越えて漁を行うが深海漁業船団に属さない漁師たちは、カツオを主な対象としています。","Gamagori-based fishermen who venture beyond Mikawa Bay but are not part of the city’s deep-sea fishing fleet are often after katsuo (skipjack tuna)."]
[11114,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","クルマエビ","くるまえび","kuruma-ebi (Japanese tiger prawn)","湾内で最も価値の高い種の一つが、クルマエビです。この大型のエビは最大27センチメートルまで成長し、弾力のある身と甘みと旨みのバランスが絶妙で、高級食材として珍重されています。","Among the most prized species in the bay is the kuruma-ebi (Japanese tiger prawn), a large shrimp that can grow up to 27 centimeters long, considered a delicacy for its firm flesh and balance of sweetness and umami flavor."]
[11115,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","タカアシガニ","たかあしがに","takaashi-gani (Japanese spider crab)","脚の広がりが最大3.8メートルに達するタカアシガニは、地球上で最大の甲殻類です。","With a leg span of up to 3.8 meters, the takaashi-gani (Japanese spider crab) is the world’s largest crustacean."]
[11116,"愛知県","蒲郡市竹島エリア多言語解説協議会","動物","アサリ","あさり","asari (Japanese littleneck) clam","三河湾の静かな水面と砂浜は、蒲郡地方の食文化で重要な役割を果たすアサリという、約4センチメートルの長さになる貝の理想的な生息地を提供しています。","The calm waters and sandy shores of Mikawa Bay provide a favorable habitat for the asari (Japanese littleneck) clam, a roughly 4-centimeter-long burrowing bivalve that is prevalent in Gamagori cuisine."]
[11117,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","食","牡蠣","かき","oyster","実際、2024年に「全国牡蠣-1グランプリ」の加熱の部で第1位を受賞しています。","In fact, they were awarded first place in the Cooked Oyster category of the Japan National Oyster Grand Prix in 2024."]
[11118,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","その他","牡蠣養殖","かきようしょく","oyster cultivation","日生の近くの瀬戸内海の水は、牡蠣養殖にとって最適です。","The waters of the Seto Inland Sea near Hinase are favorable for oyster cultivation."]
[11119,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","植物","アマモ","あまも","eelgrass","この品質を維持するため、海洋保全にも細心の注意を払っており、最適な水質を確保するために、積極的にアマモ場の再生や、牡蠣養殖場の定期的な耕転を行っています。","Oyster farmers maintain this quality through meticulous marine conservation, actively restoring eelgrass and regularly tilling oyster beds to ensure optimal water quality."]
[11120,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","食","カキオコ","かきおこ","kakioko","シーズン外でも、通年楽しむことのできる地元の名産品として、カキオコ（豊かな風味の牡蠣入りお好み焼き）や、カキフライソフト（カキフライをトッピングしたソフトクリーム）などがあります。","Outside the season, they are enjoyed year-round in local specialties, such as kakioko (savory oyster pancake) or kaki-furai ice cream (soft-serve topped with fried breaded oysters)."]
[11121,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","食","カキフライソフト","かきふらいそふと","kaki-furai ice cream","シーズン外でも、通年楽しむことのできる地元の名産品として、カキオコ（豊かな風味の牡蠣入りお好み焼き）や、カキフライソフト（カキフライをトッピングしたソフトクリーム）などがあります。","Outside the season, they are enjoyed year-round in local specialties, such as kakioko (savory oyster pancake) or kaki-furai ice cream (soft-serve topped with fried breaded oysters)."]
[11122,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","その他","グリコーゲン","ぐりこーげん","glycogen","この早くて、エネルギーが豊富な成長サイクルは、結果的にグリコーゲン含有量が高く、クリーミーな食感とほのかな甘み、さっぱりとした後味を出しています。","This rapid, energy-rich growth cycle results in a high glycogen content, giving the oysters a creamy texture and a subtly sweet, clean finish."]
[11123,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","その他","成長サイクル","せいちょうさいくる","growth cycle","この早くて、エネルギーが豊富な成長サイクルは、結果的にグリコーゲン含有量が高く、クリーミーな食感とほのかな甘み、さっぱりとした後味を出しています。","This rapid, energy-rich growth cycle results in a high glycogen content, giving the oysters a creamy texture and a subtly sweet, clean finish."]
[11124,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","その他","牡蠣生産者","かきせいさんしゃ","oyster farmers","30年以上にわたり、日生の牡蠣生産者は瀬戸内海の里海海域再生を促進するために取り組んできました。その歩みは生態学的危機の中で始まりました。","For over 30 years, the oyster farmers of Hinase have worked to promote restoration in the satoumi waters of the Seto Inland Sea—a journey that began amid an ecological crisis."]
[11125,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","その他","里海","さとうみ","satoumi","30年以上にわたり、日生の牡蠣生産者は瀬戸内海の里海海域再生を促進するために取り組んできました。その歩みは生態学的危機の中で始まりました。","For over 30 years, the oyster farmers of Hinase have worked to promote restoration in the satoumi waters of the Seto Inland Sea—a journey that began amid an ecological crisis."]
[11126,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","その他","生態学的危機","せいたいがくてききき","ecological crisis","30年以上にわたり、日生の牡蠣生産者は瀬戸内海の里海海域再生を促進するために取り組んできました。その歩みは生態学的危機の中で始まりました。","For over 30 years, the oyster farmers of Hinase have worked to promote restoration in the satoumi waters of the Seto Inland Sea—a journey that began amid an ecological crisis."]
[11127,"岡山県","日生カキまち協議会","食","お好み焼き","おこのみやき","okonomiyaki ","熱々の鉄板で焼かれるジューシーな牡蠣は、濃厚なソースとお好み焼きの旨味のある生地とよく合います。","Grilled on a sizzling hot plate, the juicy oysters pair well with the rich sauce and savory batter of the okonomiyaki pancake."]
[11128,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","割竹","わりたけ","waritake","17世紀初頭、割竹形連房式登り窯の導入は大きな革新となりました。","The introduction of the waritake multi-chambered climbing kiln was a major innovation in the early seventeenth century."]
[11129,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","建造物等","蔵","くら","storehouse (kura)","柳並木が続く運河沿いに建つ倉敷の倉庫（蔵）は、日本で最も大切に保存されている歴史的町並みの一つを形作っています。","The storehouses (kura) of Kurashiki standing along a canal lined with willow trees form one of Japan’s most well-preserved historic townscapes."]
[11130,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","その他","倉敷","くらしき","Kurashiki","柳並木が続く運河沿いに建つ倉敷の倉庫（蔵）は、日本で最も大切に保存されている歴史的町並みの一つを形作っています。","The storehouses (kura) of Kurashiki standing along a canal lined with willow trees form one of Japan’s most well-preserved historic townscapes."]
[11131,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","植物","柳","やなぎ","willow tree","柳並木が続く運河沿いに建つ倉敷の倉庫（蔵）は、日本で最も大切に保存されている歴史的町並みの一つを形作っています。","The storehouses (kura) of Kurashiki standing along a canal lined with willow trees form one of Japan’s most well-preserved historic townscapes."]
[11132,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","史跡","歴史的町並み","れきしてきまちなみ","historic townscape","柳並木が続く運河沿いに建つ倉敷の倉庫（蔵）は、日本で最も大切に保存されている歴史的町並みの一つを形作っています。","The storehouses (kura) of Kurashiki standing along a canal lined with willow trees form one of Japan’s most well-preserved historic townscapes."]
[11133,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","装飾技法","そうしょくぎほう","decorative techniques","彼らはまた、葉文（表面に葉を押し当てて模様をつける）、釘彫り（先の尖った道具で引っかき、模様をつける）、貼り付け（粘土片を貼り付けて器を装飾する）、筒描き（竹製の筒状の道具で線や模様を描く）など、さまざまな装飾技法を開発しました。","They also developed various other decorative techniques, such as hamon (leaf patterns made by pressing leaves onto the surface), kugibori (patterns scratched with a pointed tool), haritsuke (affixing clay pieces to decorate the vessel), and tsutsugaki (drawing lines and patterns with a bamboo-made tubular tool)."]
[11134,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","葉文","はもん","hamon","彼らはまた、葉文（表面に葉を押し当てて模様をつける）、釘彫り（先の尖った道具で引っかき、模様をつける）、貼り付け（粘土片を貼り付けて器を装飾する）、筒描き（竹製の筒状の道具で線や模様を描く）など、さまざまな装飾技法を開発しました。","They also developed various other decorative techniques, such as hamon (leaf patterns made by pressing leaves onto the surface), kugibori (patterns scratched with a pointed tool), haritsuke (affixing clay pieces to decorate the vessel), and tsutsugaki (drawing lines and patterns with a bamboo-made tubular tool)."]
[11135,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","釘彫り","くぎぼり","kugibori ","彼らはまた、葉文（表面に葉を押し当てて模様をつける）、釘彫り（先の尖った道具で引っかき、模様をつける）、貼り付け（粘土片を貼り付けて器を装飾する）、筒描き（竹製の筒状の道具で線や模様を描く）など、さまざまな装飾技法を開発しました。","They also developed various other decorative techniques, such as hamon (leaf patterns made by pressing leaves onto the surface), kugibori (patterns scratched with a pointed tool), haritsuke (affixing clay pieces to decorate the vessel), and tsutsugaki (drawing lines and patterns with a bamboo-made tubular tool)."]
[11136,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","貼り付け","はりつけ","haritsuke","彼らはまた、葉文（表面に葉を押し当てて模様をつける）、釘彫り（先の尖った道具で引っかき、模様をつける）、貼り付け（粘土片を貼り付けて器を装飾する）、筒描き（竹製の筒状の道具で線や模様を描く）など、さまざまな装飾技法を開発しました。","They also developed various other decorative techniques, such as hamon (leaf patterns made by pressing leaves onto the surface), kugibori (patterns scratched with a pointed tool), haritsuke (affixing clay pieces to decorate the vessel), and tsutsugaki (drawing lines and patterns with a bamboo-made tubular tool)."]
[11137,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","工芸・美術","筒描き","つつがき","tsutsugaki","彼らはまた、葉文（表面に葉を押し当てて模様をつける）、釘彫り（先の尖った道具で引っかき、模様をつける）、貼り付け（粘土片を貼り付けて器を装飾する）、筒描き（竹製の筒状の道具で線や模様を描く）など、さまざまな装飾技法を開発しました。","They also developed various other decorative techniques, such as hamon (leaf patterns made by pressing leaves onto the surface), kugibori (patterns scratched with a pointed tool), haritsuke (affixing clay pieces to decorate the vessel), and tsutsugaki (drawing lines and patterns with a bamboo-made tubular tool)."]
[11138,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","海岸・岬","瀬戸内海","せとないかい","Seto Inland Sea","他では味わえない瀬戸内海の絶景を堪能するなら、来島海峡大橋の主塔の頂上に登れるツアーへの参加がお勧めです。","For unrivaled views of the Seto Inland Sea, visitors take a tour that lets them climb to the top of a tower on the Kurushima Kaikyo Bridge."]
[11139,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","建造物等","来島海峡大橋","くるしまかいきょうおおはし","Kurushima Kaikyo Bridge","他では味わえない瀬戸内海の絶景を堪能するなら、来島海峡大橋の主塔の頂上に登れるツアーへの参加がお勧めです。","For unrivaled views of the Seto Inland Sea, visitors take a tour that lets them climb to the top of a tower on the Kurushima Kaikyo Bridge."]
[11140,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","史跡","旧毛利家本邸と毛利氏庭園","きゅうもうりけほんていともうりしていえん","The Former Mohri Residence and Garden","山口県南岸の防府市を見下ろす旧毛利家本邸と毛利氏庭園は、毛利元徳（1839〜1896）が新しい邸宅として建設を命じたものです。","The Former Mohri Residence and Garden, which overlooks the city of Hofu on the southern coast of Yamaguchi Prefecture, was commissioned by Mohri Motonori (1839–1896) as a new family home."]
[11141,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","その他","見下ろす","みおろす","overlook","山口県南岸の防府市を見下ろす旧毛利家本邸と毛利氏庭園は、毛利元徳（1839〜1896）が新しい邸宅として建設を命じたものです。","The Former Mohri Residence and Garden, which overlooks the city of Hofu on the southern coast of Yamaguchi Prefecture, was commissioned by Mohri Motonori (1839–1896) as a new family home."]
[11142,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","その他","防府市","ほうふし","Hofu","山口県南岸の防府市を見下ろす旧毛利家本邸と毛利氏庭園は、毛利元徳（1839〜1896）が新しい邸宅として建設を命じたものです。","The Former Mohri Residence and Garden, which overlooks the city of Hofu on the southern coast of Yamaguchi Prefecture, was commissioned by Mohri Motonori (1839–1896) as a new family home."]
[11143,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","人物・人名・役職名","毛利元徳","もうりもとのり","Mohri Motonori","山口県南岸の防府市を見下ろす旧毛利家本邸と毛利氏庭園は、毛利元徳（1839〜1896）が新しい邸宅として建設を命じたものです。","The Former Mohri Residence and Garden, which overlooks the city of Hofu on the southern coast of Yamaguchi Prefecture, was commissioned by Mohri Motonori (1839–1896) as a new family home."]
[11144,"兵庫県、岡山県、広島県、山口県、徳島県、香川県、愛媛県","せとうちエリア多言語解説協議会","芸能・興行・イベント","阿波おどり","あわおどり","Awa Odori","徳島で毎年開催される阿波おどりでは、精巧な衣装をまとった何千人もの踊り手が、この地域特有の民俗舞踊を披露しながら通りを練り歩きます。","At Tokushima’s annual Awa Odori dance festival, thousands of elaborately costumed dancers parade through the streets, performing the region’s signature folk dance."]
[11145,"佐賀県","佐賀県伊万里市",null,"唐津焼","からつやき","Karatsu ware","唐津焼は、肥前地方（現在の佐賀県および長崎県）で初めて作られた炻器の一種です。","Karatsu ware is a type of stoneware first made in Hizen Province (now Saga and Nagasaki Prefectures). "]
[11146,"佐賀県","佐賀県伊万里市",null,"満州族","まんしゅうぞく","the Manchus","しかし、17世紀半ばになると満州族による中国征服により、新しい磁器を入手することが難しくなっていきました。","By the mid-1600s, however, the Manchus had invaded Ming China. As the war dragged on, it became difficult to acquire Chinese porcelain."]
[11147,"佐賀県","佐賀県伊万里市",null,"色鍋島","いろなべしま","Overglaze Nabeshima ware (iro-nabeshima) ","色鍋島は、釉薬の上に色絵の具を重ねて多彩な色を加える技法です。","Overglaze Nabeshima ware (iro-nabeshima) uses overglaze enamels to add color to the porcelain. "]
[11148,"佐賀県","佐賀県伊万里市",null,"陶石","とうせき","Porcelain stone ","ここで採掘された陶石は等級ごとに選別され、佐賀県嬉野市塩田町を中心とする陶土加工業者へと販売されます。","Porcelain stone is quarried, sorted by grade, and sold to clay processing companies in the neighborhood of Shiota in Ureshino, Saga Prefecture, and a handful of other locations."]
[11149,"佐賀県","佐賀県伊万里市",null,"伝統工芸士","でんとうこうげいし"," “Traditional Craftsman”","佐賀県には現在、伝統工芸士の称号を持つ陶磁器職人が91名います。","Saga Prefecture currently has 91 ceramic artisans who are certified as \"Traditional Craftsman”."]
[11150,"佐賀県","佐賀県伊万里市",null,"唐臼","からうす","water-powered mortar","大川内山のメイン道路沿いには、陶工橋や粘土唐臼のレプリカがあります。","Next to the main road into Ōkawachiyama is the Potters Bridge and a replica of a water-powered clay mortar."]
[11151,"福岡県","北九州市都市ブランド創造局観光課","城跡・城郭・宮殿","小倉城","こくらじょう","Kokura Castle","小倉城は「日本一おもしろき城」を目指しています。","Kokura Castle aims to be “the most entertaining castle in Japan.” "]
[11152,"福岡県","北九州市都市ブランド創造局観光課","建造物等","唐造り","からづくり"," kara-zukuri","その唐造り設計は、入母屋造り屋根や破風造りではなかった元の城よりも精巧な作りで、また一方で立派でした。","Its kara-zukuri design is more elaborate than the original castle, which had no hip-and-gable roofs or hafu gables."]
[11153,"福岡県","北九州市都市ブランド創造局観光課","建造物等","破風造り","はふづくり","hafu","その唐造り設計は、入母屋造り屋根や破風造りではなかった元の城よりも精巧な作りで、また一方で立派でした。","Its kara-zukuri design is more elaborate than the original castle, which had no hip-and-gable roofs or hafu gables."]
[11154,"福岡県","北九州市都市ブランド創造局観光課","建造物等","池泉回遊式","ちせんかいゆう","chisen kaiyu","中央の庭園は池泉回遊式として知られる様式で、中央の池を囲むように散策路が設けられています。","The central garden is in a style known as chisen kaiyu, which means that it features a walking path around a central pond. "]
[11155,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","手習い","てならい","tenarai","歴史的に、学習のこの基礎的な段階は手習い（書く練習）として知られています。","Historically, this fundamental phase of study is known as tenarai (penmanship). "]
[11156,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","束帯","そくたい","sokutai","皇族の男性は、成年式、結婚式、即位礼、祭儀を行う際など、重要な行事で束帯を着用します。","Men of the imperial family wear sokutai at important events, such as coming-of-age celebrations, weddings, enthronement ceremonies, and when performing religious rites."]
[11157,"東京都","宮内庁","年中行事","成年式","せいねんしき","coming-of-age celebrations","皇族の男性は、成年式、結婚式、即位礼、祭儀を行う際など、重要な行事で束帯を着用します。","Men of the imperial family wear sokutai at important events, such as coming-of-age celebrations, weddings, enthronement ceremonies, and when performing religious rites."]
[11158,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","裳","も","train","現代の形式では、5枚の絹の衣を1本の細い帯で締め、仕立ての短い豪華な唐衣、そして腰で結んだ裳で構成されています。","In its contemporary form, the ensemble typically consists of a set of five silk robes (itsutsuginu) secured by a single thin belt of fabric, an outer robe, and a train tied at the waist."]
[11159,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","唐衣","からぎぬ","outer robe","現代の形式では、5枚の絹の衣を1本の細い帯で締め、仕立ての短い豪華な唐衣、そして腰で結んだ裳で構成されています。","In its contemporary form, the ensemble typically consists of a set of five silk robes (itsutsuginu) secured by a single thin belt of fabric, an outer robe, and a train tied at the waist."]
[11160,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","鵜飼","うかい","Cormorant fishing","鵜飼は、訓練された鵜を用いて川魚を捕る漁法で、1300年以上の歴史が記録されています。","Cormorant fishing is a method of catching river fish using trained cormorants, with a documented history of more than 1,300 years."]
[11161,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","土塁","どるい","earthen ramparts","城は20か所の櫓、5か所の石門、土塁、濠を備えていたと伝えられています。","It was described as having twenty turrets, five stone gates, earthen ramparts, and moats."]
[11162,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","濠","ほり","moats","城は20か所の櫓、5か所の石門、土塁、濠を備えていたと伝えられています。","It was described as having twenty turrets, five stone gates, earthen ramparts, and moats."]
[11163,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","曲輪","くるわ","enclosure","1602年の地図には、中心の曲輪（本丸）、中間の曲輪（二の丸）、そして北の曲輪（北の丸）がほぼ完成している様子が描かれています。","A map from 1602 shows the inner enclosure (honmaru), the west enclosure (nishinomaru), and the north enclosure (kitanomaru) largely complete. "]
[11164,"東京都","宮内庁","年中行事","全国植樹祭","ぜんこくしょくじゅさい","National Tree Planting Festival","これには、全国植樹祭、国民スポーツ大会、全国豊かな海づくり大会のほか、国民文化祭や芸術祭などが含まれます。","These include the National Tree Planting Festival, the National Sports Festival (the Japan Games), the National Convention for the Development of an Abundantly Productive Sea, the National Cultural Festival, and the National Art and Culture Festival for Persons with Disabilities."]
[11165,"東京都","宮内庁","年中行事","全国豊かな海づくり大会","ぜんこくゆたかなうみづくりたいかい","National Convention for the Development of an Abundantly Productive Sea","これには、全国植樹祭、国民スポーツ大会、全国豊かな海づくり大会のほか、国民文化祭や芸術祭などが含まれます。","These include the National Tree Planting Festival, the National Sports Festival (the Japan Games), the National Convention for the Development of an Abundantly Productive Sea, the National Cultural Festival, and the National Art and Culture Festival for Persons with Disabilities."]
[11166,"東京都","宮内庁","年中行事","国民文化祭や芸術祭","こくみんぶんかさいやげいじゅつさい","National Art and Culture Festival for Persons with Disabilities","これには、全国植樹祭、国民スポーツ大会、全国豊かな海づくり大会のほか、国民文化祭や芸術祭などが含まれます。","These include the National Tree Planting Festival, the National Sports Festival (the Japan Games), the National Convention for the Development of an Abundantly Productive Sea, the National Cultural Festival, and the National Art and Culture Festival for Persons with Disabilities."]
[11167,"東京都","宮内庁","レジャー・アクティビティ　","鴨猟","かもりょう"," wild duck netting","皇室が何世紀にもわたり保存し継承してきた伝統である鴨猟や鵜飼など、文化遺産活動への参加に招待されています。","Foreign ambassadors and their spouses resident in Japan are invited to participate in heritage activities such as wild duck netting [...]"]
[11168,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","公式図録","こうしきずろく","official pictorial record","この絵図は、明治天皇の即位礼を公式図録の下絵で、天皇の生涯と治世における変革的な出来事を記録する大規模な事業の一部です。","This illustration is a preparatory draft for the official pictorial record of Emperor Meiji’s enthronement [...]"]
[11169,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","「いろは」","いろは","Iroha-uta","この「いろは」とは、重複なしで日本語の音節の文字をすべて含む47文字の詩です。","The Iroha-uta is a 47-character poem that incorporates every phonetic character in the Japanese syllabary without repetition."]
[11170,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","ご清書","ごせいしょ","goseisho","個々の文字を習得した生徒は、次に「ご清書」へと進みました。","Once a student mastered individual characters, they progressed to goseisho—the creation of a \"clean copy\" or formal transcription of a complete text. "]
[11171,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","石垣","いしがき","stone cladding","主な改修工事に、1622年の新たな天守閣のための中心の曲輪（本丸）の拡大、1624年の土手の濠から石垣の濠への改修が含まれました。","Major renovations included expanding the inner bailey (honmaru) for a new keep in 1622 and upgrading earthen moats with stone cladding in 1624. "]
[11172,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","天守閣","てんしゅかく","keep","主な改修工事に、1622年の新たな天守閣のための中心の曲輪（本丸）の拡大、1624年の土手の濠から石垣の濠への改修が含まれました。","Major renovations included expanding the inner bailey (honmaru) for a new keep in 1622 and upgrading earthen moats with stone cladding in 1624. "]
[11173,"東京都","宮内庁","神社・寺院・神仏等","霊廟","れいびょう","mausoleums","北側の、木々に囲まれた紅葉山区域には、歴代将軍の霊廟や祠がありました。","In the northern, woody Momijiyama area, there were mausoleums for earlier shoguns and a shrine. "]
[11174,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","明暦の大火","めいれきのたいか","Great Fire of Meireki ","1657年、明暦の大火により江戸城の大半が焼失しました；その中に御殿や天守閣も含まれています。","In 1657, the Great Fire of Meireki destroyed much of Edo Castle, including the palace and the main keep. "]
[11175,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","御殿","ごしょ","palace","1657年、明暦の大火により江戸城の大半が焼失しました；その中に御殿や天守閣も含まれています。","In 1657, the Great Fire of Meireki destroyed much of Edo Castle, including the palace and the main keep. "]
[11176,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","大勲位菊花章","だいくんいきっかしょう","Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum","大勲位菊花章は、日本の勲章制度の中で最高位の勲章です。この勲章は、「（大勲位菊花）大綬章」と「（大勲位菊花章）頸飾」の2つの位に分かれています。","The Supreme Order of the Chrysanthemum is the highest in Japan’s honors system. It is divided into two ranks: the Grand Cordon and the Collar."]
[11177,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","朝廷の都","ちょうていのみやこ","seat of the emperor","鎌倉や江戸（現在の東京）で武家政権が統治していた数世紀の間でさえ、朝廷の都は京都であり続けました。","Even during the centuries when samurai governments exercised sovereign rule from Kamakura or Edo (present-day Tokyo), the seat of the emperor remained in Kyoto."]
[11178,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","武家政権","ぶけせいけん","samurai governments","鎌倉や江戸（現在の東京）で武家政権が統治していた数世紀の間でさえ、朝廷の都は京都であり続けました。","Even during the centuries when samurai governments exercised sovereign rule from Kamakura or Edo (present-day Tokyo), the seat of the emperor remained in Kyoto."]
[11179,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","大嘗宮","だいじょうきゅう","Daijokyu","大嘗祭のたびに、大嘗宮と呼ばれる仮設の祭場施設が建設されます。","For each Daijosai, a temporary ritual complex called the Daijokyu is constructed. "]
[11180,"東京都","宮内庁","神社・寺院・神仏等","大嘗祭","だいじょうさい","Daijosai","大嘗祭のたびに、大嘗宮と呼ばれる仮設の祭場施設が建設されます。","For each Daijosai, a temporary ritual complex called the Daijokyu is constructed. "]
[11181,"東京都","宮内庁","建造物等","皇居","こうきょ","Imperial Palace","この儀式は、皇居で行われる饗宴、「大饗の儀」で締めくくられます。","The observance concludes with the Daikyo-no-gi, a banquet held at the Imperial Palace. "]
[11182,"東京都","宮内庁","芸能・興行・イベント","大饗の儀","だいきょうのぎ","Daikyo-no-gi","この儀式は、皇居で行われる饗宴、「大饗の儀」で締めくくられます。","The observance concludes with the Daikyo-no-gi, a banquet held at the Imperial Palace. "]
[11183,"東京都","宮内庁","人物・人名・役職名","天皇","てんのう","emperor","皇位継承の証として、天皇は三種の神器のうちの二つ、「剣」と「勾玉」を「国璽」と「御璽」と共に正式に受け取られます。","As proof of succession, the emperor inherits the Sword and the Jewel—two of the Three Sacred Treasures—along with the State and Privy Seals."]
[11184,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","御璽","ぎょじ","Privy Seal","皇位継承の証として、天皇は三種の神器のうちの二つ、「剣」と「勾玉」を「国璽」と「御璽」と共に正式に受け取られます。","As proof of succession, the emperor inherits the Sword and the Jewel—two of the Three Sacred Treasures—along with the State and Privy Seals."]
[11185,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","皇位継承","こういけいしょう","proof of succession","皇位継承の証として、天皇は三種の神器のうちの二つ、「剣」と「勾玉」を「国璽」と「御璽」と共に正式に受け取られます。","As proof of succession, the emperor inherits the Sword and the Jewel—two of the Three Sacred Treasures—along with the State and Privy Seals."]
[11186,"東京都","宮内庁","芸能・興行・イベント","祝賀御列","しゅくがおんれつ","Imperial Procession","11月10日に、約11万9千人の人々が祝賀御列のために東京の沿道に詰めかけました。","On November 10, approximately 119,000 people gathered along the streets of Tokyo for the Imperial Procession."]
[11187,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","管絃","かんげん","kangen","当初はその渡来したときの形で演奏されていましたが、次第に日本の感性に合わせられ、管絃（器楽アンサンブル）と舞楽（舞）に分けられました。","Initially performed in their original foreign styles, they were gradually adapted to Japanese sensibilities and divided into kangen (instrumental ensemble) and bugaku (dance)."]
[11188,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","舞楽","ぶがく","bugaku","当初はその渡来したときの形で演奏されていましたが、次第に日本の感性に合わせられ、管絃（器楽アンサンブル）と舞楽（舞）に分けられました。","Initially performed in their original foreign styles, they were gradually adapted to Japanese sensibilities and divided into kangen (instrumental ensemble) and bugaku (dance)."]
[11189,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","雅楽","ががく","gagaku","伝統的な雅楽（古代の宮廷音楽）のアンサンブルは、三種類の管楽器、二種類の絃楽器、三種類の打楽器（総称して三管両絃三鼓として知られる）で構成されています。","The traditional gagaku (ancient court music) ensemble is composed of three winds, two strings, and three percussion instruments, a grouping collectively known as Sankan Ryogen Sanko."]
[11190,"東京都","宮内庁","芸能・興行・イベント","母衣引","ほろひき","Horohiki ","母衣引とは、騎手が馬を駆って長い絹の旗幟（母衣）を翻し、それを水平に保ち続ける伝統的な馬術の技です。","Horohiki is a traditional equestrian art in which riders accelerate to unfurl a long silk banner (horo), maintaining it in a perfectly horizontal position."]
[11191,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","母衣","ほろひき","horo","母衣引とは、騎手が馬を駆って長い絹の旗幟（母衣）を翻し、それを水平に保ち続ける伝統的な馬術の技です。","Horohiki is a traditional equestrian art in which riders accelerate to unfurl a long silk banner (horo), maintaining it in a perfectly horizontal position."]
[11192,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","青銅鏡","せいどうきょう","bronze mirrors","これらの遺物には、墳墓内に埋葬された青銅鏡や装身具のほか、元々は墳丘の頂上に配置されていた埴輪（素焼きの副葬品）もあります。","These items include bronze mirrors and personal ornaments interred within the tombs, as well as haniwa (terra-cotta funerary objects) that were originally arranged on top of the mounds."]
[11193,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","装身具","そうしんぐ","personal ornaments","これらの遺物には、墳墓内に埋葬された青銅鏡や装身具のほか、元々は墳丘の頂上に配置されていた埴輪（素焼きの副葬品）もあります。","These items include bronze mirrors and personal ornaments interred within the tombs, as well as haniwa (terra-cotta funerary objects) that were originally arranged on top of the mounds."]
[11194,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","埴輪","はにわ","haniwa","これらの遺物には、墳墓内に埋葬された青銅鏡や装身具のほか、元々は墳丘の頂上に配置されていた埴輪（素焼きの副葬品）もあります。","These items include bronze mirrors and personal ornaments interred within the tombs, as well as haniwa (terra-cotta funerary objects) that were originally arranged on top of the mounds."]
[11195,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","囲形埴輪","かこいがたはにわ","enclosure-shaped haniwa","この2点一組は、囲形埴輪と家形埴輪で構成されています。","This two-piece set consists of an enclosure-shaped haniwa and a house-shaped haniwa."]
[11196,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","家形埴輪","いえがたはにわ","house-shaped haniwa","この2点一組は、囲形埴輪と家形埴輪で構成されています。","This two-piece set consists of an enclosure-shaped haniwa and a house-shaped haniwa."]
[11197,"東京都","宮内庁","城跡・城郭・宮殿","水路","すいろ","water routes","この地域の支配権は数世紀にわたり様々な為政者の間で移り変わることになりましたが、陸路と水路の要衝に位置したこの地は繁栄を続けました。","Its location at a strategic junction of land and water routes allowed the settlement to flourish, though control of the area shifted among various rulers over the centuries."]
[11198,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","駕籠","かご","palanquins","指定された門では、儀礼上、駕籠や馬から降りて、わずか数名の家臣と共に徒歩で進まなければならず、残りの随行者は外で待機していました。","At designated gates, protocol required them to dismount from palanquins or horses and proceed on foot with only a few retainers, while the rest of their entourage waited outside. "]
[11199,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","錦絵","にしきえ","woodblock prints","当時の錦絵には仮装行列や山車による祝賀の様子が描かれています。","Sake was distributed to the people of Tokyo; contemporary woodblock prints capture the festivities, depicting citizens celebrating with costume parades and ceremonial floats."]
[11200,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","仮装行列","かそうぎょうれつ","costume parades","当時の錦絵には仮装行列や山車による祝賀の様子が描かれています。","Sake was distributed to the people of Tokyo; contemporary woodblock prints capture the festivities, depicting citizens celebrating with costume parades and ceremonial floats."]
[11201,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","山車","だし","ceremonial floats","当時の錦絵には仮装行列や山車による祝賀の様子が描かれています。","Sake was distributed to the people of Tokyo; contemporary woodblock prints capture the festivities, depicting citizens celebrating with costume parades and ceremonial floats."]
[11202,"東京都","宮内庁","人物・人名・役職名","上皇陛下","じょうこうへいか","His Majesty the Emperor Emeritus","内親王4方は、上皇陛下のご姉妹です。","These princesses were the sisters of His Majesty the Emperor Emeritus."]
[11203,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","剣璽等承継の儀","けんじとうしょうけいのぎ","The Inheritance of the Imperial Regalia and Seals","剣璽等承継の儀","The Inheritance of the Imperial Regalia and Seals"]
[11204,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","即位後朝見の儀","そくいごちょうけんのぎ","First Audience after Accession","即位後朝見の儀","The First Audience after Accession"]
[11205,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","即位礼正殿の儀","そくいれいせいでんのぎ","Enthronement Ceremony","即位礼正殿の儀","The Enthronement Ceremony"]
[11206,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","饗宴の儀","きょうえんのぎ","Court Banquets","饗宴の儀","The Court Banquets"]
[11207,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","国風歌","くにぶりのうた","kuniburi-no-uta","このカテゴリーには、（日本）古来の「国風歌」のほか、「催馬楽」と「朗詠」があります。","This category includes indigenous kuniburi-no-uta, as well as saibara and roei."]
[11208,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","催馬楽","さいばら","saibara","このカテゴリーには、（日本）古来の「国風歌」のほか、「催馬楽」と「朗詠」があります。","This category includes indigenous kuniburi-no-uta, as well as saibara and roei."]
[11209,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","朗詠","ろえい","roei","このカテゴリーには、（日本）古来の「国風歌」のほか、「催馬楽」と「朗詠」があります。","This category includes indigenous kuniburi-no-uta, as well as saibara and roei."]
[11210,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","管楽器","かんがっき","wind instruments","三種類の管楽器（三管）","The three wind instruments (Sankan)"]
[11211,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","三管","さんかん","Sankan","三種類の管楽器（三管）","The three wind instruments (Sankan)"]
[11212,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","両絃","りょうげん","Ryogen","二種類の絃楽器（両絃）","The two string instruments (Ryogen)"]
[11213,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","絃楽器","げんがっき","string instruments","二種類の絃楽器（両絃）","The two string instruments (Ryogen)"]
[11214,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","三鼓","さんこう","Sanko","三種類の打楽器（三鼓）","The three percussion instruments (Sanko)"]
[11215,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","打楽器","だがっき","percussion instruments","三種類の打楽器（三鼓）","The three percussion instruments (Sanko)"]
[11216,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","打毬","だきゅう","dakyu","どちらも中央アジアに共通の起源を持ちますが、打毬は日本独自の馬術の形態へと発展しました。","While both share common origins in Central Asia, dakyu evolved into a distinct form of Japanese horsemanship."]
[11217,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","平毬","ひらだま","hiradama","競技者はまず11個の模様のない毬（平毬）を投げ入れなければなりません。","Players must first score eleven plain balls (hiradama). "]
[11218,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","揚毬","あげまり","agemari","これらの毬がゴールに上手く投げ入れられると、（その）組は十字の印が付いた決勝の毬（揚毬）の投入に挑戦することができます。","Once these are successfully cast into the goal, a team may attempt the final decisive ball (agemari), which is marked with a cross."]
[11219,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","紋付き袴","もんつきはかま","montsuki-hakama","母衣引の演出では、紋付き袴（家紋の入った正式な絹の袴）を身にまとった2人の騎手が、伝統的な木製の鞍を装着した馬に跨ります。","During a horohiki display, a pair of riders dressed in montsuki-hakama—formal silk robes bearing family crests—mount horses fitted with traditional wooden saddles."]
[11220,"東京都","宮内庁","人物・人名・役職名","天皇陛下","てんのうへいか","the emperor","日本国憲法の下、天皇陛下は内閣の助言と承認に基づいて国務を行われます。","Under the Constitution of Japan, the emperor performs acts of state with the advice and approval of the Cabinet."]
[11221,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","日本国憲法","にほんこくけんぽう","Constitution of Japan","日本国憲法の下、天皇陛下は内閣の助言と承認に基づいて国務を行われます。","Under the Constitution of Japan, the emperor performs acts of state with the advice and approval of the Cabinet."]
[11222,"東京都","宮内庁","社会","内閣","ないかく","Cabinet","日本国憲法の下、天皇陛下は内閣の助言と承認に基づいて国務を行われます。","Under the Constitution of Japan, the emperor performs acts of state with the advice and approval of the Cabinet."]
[11223,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","新年における行事","しんねんにおけるぎょうじ","New Year’s Ceremonies","特に注目すべき年次行事の内の2つが、「新年における行事」と「園遊会」です。","Two of the most notable annual traditions are the New Year’s Ceremonies and the Imperial Garden Parties."]
[11224,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","園遊会","えんゆうかい"," Imperial Garden Parties","特に注目すべき年次行事の内の2つが、「新年における行事」と「園遊会」です。","Two of the most notable annual traditions are the New Year’s Ceremonies and the Imperial Garden Parties."]
[11225,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","晴の御膳","はれのごぜん","Hare-no-Gozen","1月1日の朝に行われる晴の御膳は、新年の始まりを告げる、天皇陛下が行う最初の儀式です。","Held on the morning of January 1, the Hare-no-Gozen is an inaugural ritual performed by the emperor to mark the beginning of the year. "]
[11226,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","新年の歌会始","しんねんのうたかいはじめ"," New Year’s Poetry Reading","何世紀にもわたり、新年の歌会始など、数多くの神聖な儀式や文化的伝統が皇室によって行われ、そして受け継がれてきました。","Over the centuries, numerous rituals and cultural traditions, such as the New Year’s Poetry  Reading, have been performed and continued by the family."]
[11227,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","神聖な儀式","しんせいなぎしき","rituals","何世紀にもわたり、新年の歌会始など、数多くの神聖な儀式や文化的伝統が皇室によって行われ、そして受け継がれてきました。","Over the centuries, numerous rituals and cultural traditions, such as the New Year’s Poetry Reading, have been performed and continued by the family."]
[11228,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","文化的伝統","ぶんかてきでんとう","cultural traditions","何世紀にもわたり、新年の歌会始など、数多くの神聖な儀式や文化的伝統が皇室によって行われ、そして受け継がれてきました。","Over the centuries, numerous rituals and cultural traditions, such as the New Year’s Poetry Reading, have been performed and continued by the family."]
[11229,"東京都","宮内庁","その他","蹴鞠","けまり","Kemari","蹴鞠は宮廷の記録に顕著にみられます。","Kemari appears prominently in records of the imperial court. "]
[11230,"東京都","宮内庁","社会","宮廷","きゅうてい"," imperial court","蹴鞠は宮廷の記録に顕著にみられます。","Kemari appears prominently in records of the imperial court. "]
[11231,"東京都","宮内庁","神社・寺院・神仏等","三重塔","さんじゅうのとう","three-story pagoda","元々は三重塔でしたが、建物が17世紀初頭の地震で倒壊し、多宝塔（二重）様式で再建されました。","Originally a three-story pagoda, the structure collapsed during an earthquake in the early seventeenth century and was rebuilt in the tahoto (two-story) style."]
[11232,"東京都","宮内庁","神社・寺院・神仏等","多宝塔","たほうとう","tahoto","元々は三重塔でしたが、建物が17世紀初頭の地震で倒壊し、多宝塔（二重）様式で再建されました。","Originally a three-story pagoda, the structure collapsed during an earthquake in the early seventeenth century and was rebuilt in the tahoto (two-story) style."]
[11233,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","茶道","さどう","chanoyu tea","それらの景観は、建築、古典文学、茶道などの伝統芸術の見事な融合を表しています。","Their landscapes represent a masterful synthesis of architecture, classical literature, and the traditional arts of chanoyu tea."]
[11234,"東京都","宮内庁","工芸・美術","螺鈿","らでん","mother-of-pearl","鏡の裏面には、樹脂の地に鳥や花のモチーフを象った螺鈿を精巧に象嵌してあります。","The reverse side of the bronze mirror is intricately inlaid with mother-of-pearl, which is cut to form bird and flower motifs set into a resin base. "]