5. The Transparency and Efficiency of Transportation Infrastructure Construction Projects
In addition to the placing importance on investment prospects, it is vital that efforts are made regarding efficiency and transparency of the implementation process of projects.

<Proposal>
The following policies will be promoted in order to improve efficiency and transparency of transportation infrastructure construction projects:
- To ensure effective and efficient implementation of public projects, a coherent implementation of evaluation will take place in all fields with regards to projects based on an analysis of cost effectiveness.
- Information on project implementation process will be made available to the public and citizen involvement will be encouraged through the "public involvement (PI) method".
- In all stages of the public project process, from planning through to service commencement, a time management concepts which consider the social benefits through time reduction and opportunity losses through project delays will be adopted with the aim of facilitating the project under an appropriate budget management and execution structure33.

<Reference>Results through the realization of policy proposals
Results through the realization of policy proposals By consecutively realizing the policies that have been proposed in this report, it is expected that the next generation will make the following new transportation system possible:

Inner Region Transport
In the urban area1, people living in the districts demanding a pleasant living environment are actively taking role in the "City and Transport Remodeling", which makes maximum use of public transport. In short, by implementing lane regulations and constructing park-and-ride parking and loop roads in the surrounding area of the city, the amount of traffic within the city center is being significantly controlled. On the other hand, city rail transport with an improved congestion rate of under 150% at the morning and evening rush hours will function as the main mode of commuting transportation in addition to a speedy and high-frequency service provided by LRT16 and trunk-line buses on the main roads. Taxis, which have increased their usefulness, will secure a higher rate of mobility as well. All those modes of transportation will make use of the latest IT technology to provide traffic information and transfers from one mode of transport to another will become smoother through the spread non-contact type IC cards and the construction of well thought out transfer lanes. For stations and their surrounding busy pedestrian and bicycle spaces, these areas will be made as user-friendly as possible by removing all barriers for the elderly and disabled, ensuring safe and comfortable walk and cycling for every member of the community. Furthermore, city development within stations and surrounding areas will not only focus on commercial and business facilities, but also on public and welfare service functions, making possible a variety of errands to be run near the train station. In the region area1, through the use of personal motor vehicles as a main mode of transport as well as mini-buses, share-ride taxi and on-demand buses supported by IT technology, the provision of mobility will take place through a diverse range of public transport services and the concept of mutual help within the community.

Region-to-Region and International Transport
As the improvement of aviation control systems and construction of hub airports in the major cities are sped up, a sufficient air transport capacity will be secured. A high level of liberal interaction will proceed as the use of business jet airplanes and the substantial upgrading of the route network between other countries with Japan becomes easier. As a result, there will be a large increase in the number of Japanese traveling overseas as well as the number of foreigners visiting Japan. Domestically, an increase in the frequency of flights by small to medium sized airplanes and the development of an array of air routes between cities will be realized. Furthermore, collaboration between airline companies is showing an improvement in flight transfers. Also, due to the upgrading of the Shinkansen network and the application of free gauge train, the arterial railway network will speed up and the five major cities plus the main regional cities would be all connected within a three hour radius. In addition, the expressway bus network will also improve in conjunction with the construction of high standard arterial highways. Access to railway stations, ports, and airports will improve to the point where access to an expressway interchange by car will be within 10 minute range, and access from international airports to the city center will be made in 30-40 minutes by rail. Accordingly, the mobility not only of the trunk-line transport of the major cities, but also between the regions will improve steadily, bringing an expansion of the "one-day transport area", including regional areas.

Distribution
As the tie-ups and agreements between companies becomes more rationalized and clear by way of information networks, economized transport will brought forth and new distribution services that respond to e-commerce and the aging society will be provided. Additionally, the creation of a main-line distribution system that is of low burden on the environment and is efficient to support a recycling society will proceed.
Improvement will be made in truck loading efficiency through the use of IT technology and faster loading of goods will take place through the use of forklifts. In the cities, truck bays and shared cargo moving areas will be used enabling the loading and unloading of cargo to take place without disrupting traffic flow. Furthermore, on the sea, traffic control will have higher functions and sea highway network13 will be established through the construction of trunk-line like sea routes. As speedy sail of the vessels becomes possible, transport efficiency will be significantly improved with the application of the Super Eco-Ship12.The cargo of large container ships that anchor at the 24 hour fully-operational large deep water wharf will take place swiftly and clearance and import/export formalities will take place instantaneously. Additionally, access to an expressway interchange by car within 10 minutes to most of the major ports, harbors and airports will become possible. As a result, in terms of both software and hardware, a distribution system meeting international standards will be provided.

Environment and Safety
Development and diffusion of transportation modes that are environmentally friendly will proceed. In particular, the spread of super mileage vehicles and low-pollution trucks will take place and the application of fuel cell cars. Furthermore, a transport system, which is, places a low burden on the environment through the "rebirth of sea transport" and TDM8 policies will become possible. Through such activities, the amount NOx, PM and greenhouse effect gas emissions will be reduced significantly, meaning that the objectives of CO2 gas emission reduction in the field of transport and the large city area environmental standards will be achieved.
The development and spread of accident prevention functional automobiles; the improvement of automobile structures to reduce damage suffered upon impact; the creation of walkways and bicycle paths and the upgrading of operational management of commercial vehicles will all make advance. In turn, a large reduction in the number of accidents caused by driver's error and the damage caused to victims of accidents will be achieved. As a result, it is expected that the number of deaths caused by automobile accidents within 30 days after an accident will be reduced by 1,500 compared to present numbers. Additionally, through a more efficient traffic safety cycle, accidents involving other modes of transport will be reduced.

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