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Because of its geography and meteorology, Japan is highly susceptible to typhoons, storms, heavy snowfalls, earthquakes, tidal waves, volcanic eruptions, and related disasters. Each year, these elements cause heavy damage to transport facilities.
The Ministry of Transport, the Maritime Safety Agency, and the Meteorological Agency are promoting various policies concerning disaster prevention such as technical research, forewarning measures, emergency mobilization, etc., according to the Basic Law concerning Disaster Prevention. According to the laws related to prevention of water pollution and maritime disasters, a system has been established in which the government and people are able to make smooth, joint efforts in response to any incident. As regard measures against earthquakes, the 84th Ordinary Session of the Diet passed a law concerning Emergency Measures against Large-scale Earthquake Disasters which aims at setting up a system in which all the necessary arrangements for disaster prevention can be made within a short time from the detection of an earthquake to its actual occurrence.
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