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As the safety of marine traffic is high in case of earthquake
and mass transport is possible, the port has an excellent characteristic as
the base for transport immediately after an earthquake. Furthermore, ports,
like green tracts of land and places for open-air storage, have comparatively
small number of buildings and space which could be flexibly used to meet various
kinds of demands for use of land in accordance with the lapse of time immediately
from the occurrence of an earthquake disaster to rehabilitation and reconstruction.
For this reason, the port was utilized greatly for transport routes on the
part of sea in the stricken area where the land traffic was paralyzed and played
great roles as the base for supply and storage of emergency and assistance goods
for the stricken area, land for prevention of extension of fires, refuge area
for inhabitants in the neighborhood, site for construction of temporary housing
for stricken people, place for disposal of rubble.
Accordingly, for the purpose of strengthening the capacity for the prevention
of disaster in the city, it is effective to newly plan to construct and improve
the base for the prevention of disaster which functions as the space combined
with not only the quay-walls but also the rear area in order to widely contribute
to rehabilitation and reconstruction of people's living and economic and social
activities which were damaged (Fig.
1O). This base for prevention of disaster would be used as a support base
for collection, delivery, assortment and shipping out of emergency goods for
any other stricken area.
While, in light of seriousness of the damages to port facilities in the
Hanshin-Awaji Great Earthquake Disaster, the above-mentioned "The investigation
committee on the measures for quake-proof port systems " was engaged in examination
of the earthquake resistance of each port, it also examined, in relation to
how a port as a whole corresponds to any earthquake, a wide range of topics
such as the improvement and construction of the "quake-proof port system" including
the improvement and construction of port which could maintain the regional economic
activities in any stricken area even at the time of a large-scale earth-quake
disaster, improvement of prevention of disaster as a system for the whole port.
On the basis of the examination, the Ministry of Transport has decide to improve
and construct a green belt having disaster prevention functions at main ports
for which selection and location of plant cultivation is considered for the
purpose of functioning for the prevention of fire at the time of disaster at
important ports. The ministry also intends to secure, at almost all base ports,
open space available for multi-purpose use consisting of green belt with disaster
prevention functions, earthquake-resistant quay-walls near or adjacent to the
open space and a transport route to the rear area and at the same time to improve
and construct bases for the prevention of disaster which are equipped, on demand
basis, with facilities for storage of emergency goods, tele-communication facilities,
etc.
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