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The business condition of the passenger automobile transport industry
was greatly deteriorating due to lowering of transport efficiency arising from
road congestion in major cities and due to a decline in transport demand in
regional areas.
Especially in the bus industry, 154 operators out of 207 operators who were
operating 30 vehicles or more were in the red. The causes of the deterioration
of business in the bus industry were the following three: (1) the number of
passengers of buses were held in check due to transfer of passengers from buses
to other transport facilities such as privately owned passenger vehicles and
under ground railways and natural increase in the revenue became imposible,
(2). Since the bus industry was an industry which was based on the intensive
utilization of labor, it was impossible to resolve the rise in the pay level
by the efforts of the management, and (3) the revision of the charge was suppressed
from the viewpoint of suppression of the price rise.
To cope with such difficulties, it was tried in cities to revive the reliability
of bus transport ,by improving the transport capacity of buses and to improve
on road-surface transport by introducing the efficient use of taxi-cab with
many passenger groups and operating small buses named "mini-bus".
In regional areas, efforts for maintaining local bus lines were exercised
by means of such aid systems as subsidies for operational expenses of rural
bus services and subsidies for purchasing vehicles.
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