(Environment Adjustment for Marine Labor)

1.　 　 Occurrence of the mariner's casualty and sickness in the fiscal 1973 is shown in (Table 2-(2)-2). The death and injury of the mariners in accidents occurred, on the industry average for all types of vessels, at the rate of 35.5 per 1,000 crew per year registering a slight reduction of 0.1 as compared to the previous fiscal year, while the rate is still 3 times as high, and especially seamen's death rate alone has become about 9.5 times as many as the average for all land - based industries. Among individual causes for accidents, accidents in action like a violent fall, orash, and plunge occupied about 80% of the total accidents, followed by accidents in power machine operation and others in that order.
　 　 Meanwhile, sickness incidence ratio per 1,000 crew per year was 53.3 on the industry average for au types of vessels, off 1.9 points from the previous fiscal year.
2.　 　 The education of mariners is largely devided into the ship's staff education and crew education, and there are institutes like mercantile marine universities to develop the ship's staff with the Institute of Sea Training providing those students with the practice of navigation.
　 　 In the meantime, there are Seamen's Training Schools as training facilities for ship's crews, emphasizing the development of oceangoing crews. Remarkable progress of automation for the ship s in our marine transport industry in the recent years obligates the need for enriching the contents of education so as to secure the safe and efficent operation on the rapidly increasing automated ships.