Title Environmental Issues with Alien Species of Mammals

  • Kagoshima
Topic(s):
$SETTINGS_DB.genreMap.get($item)
Medium/Media of Use:
Pamphlet
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2022
Associated Tourism Board:
ippanshadanhojin amamioshima kankobussanremmei

外来哺乳類による環境問題 世界遺産の島々では、外来種の持ち込みが大きな問題になっている。奄美大島では島の固有種に最も明らかな悪影響を与える二種類の動物がいる。 第二次世界大戦後、島内に生息するハブを駆除するため、数千頭のハイイロマングースが導入されたが、アマミノクロウサギやアマミイシカワガエルなど他の動物も捕食してしまい、在来種の個体数に深刻なダメージを与えた。2000年に島の生態系のバランスを戻すためのプログラムが始まり、2005年には「奄美マングースバスターズ」がマングース捕獲作戦を開始した。その努力は成功し、今ではマングースはほぼ見られなくなり、絶滅の恐れがあった動物の個体数も回復し始めた。 また、野良猫も森や民家以外の場所に入り込み、奄美大島の固有種であるネズミやウサギの絶滅危惧種の脅威になっている。マングースがほぼ絶滅した今、猫の捕獲に集中し、数を減らすことに力を入れている。

Environmental Issues with Alien Species of Mammals


The introduction of alien species is a problem throughout the islands of the Natural World Heritage Site. The most prominent examples on Amami-Oshima are two animals that have had a damaging effect on the island’s endemic species.

Soon after World War II, several thousand Indian mongooses were introduced to the island in order to reduce the number of habu vipers, the venomous snakes that are found throughout the island. The mongooses, however, also preyed on other animals, seriously threatening the populations of native species like the Amami rabbit and the Amami Ishikawa’s frog. In 2000 a program was established to restore the island’s ecological balance, and in 2005 the Amami Mongoose Busters project launched a widespread campaign to hunt and trap the mongooses. Their efforts were successful: mongooses are now rarely seen, and most of the formerly endangered animal populations have begun to recover.

Feral cats that have left their domestic habitat for the forests and other locations are also a problem for some endangered species, notably Amami-Oshima’s unique species of rat and rabbit. Now that the mongooses are nearly extinct, trapping efforts are focused on reducing the number of these cats.

Search