地域観光資源の 多言語解説文データベース

Okunoshima Poison Gas Museum

The Okunoshima Poison Gas Museum, established in 1988, has exhibits on the chemical weapons plants that were built on the island in 1929 and were in use until the end of World War II, in 1945.

The first room of this small museum focuses on the Imperial Japanese Army’s secret program to develop chemical weapons on Okunoshima. Mustard gas and tear gas were produced in factories on the island. In addition, a type of incendiary bomb developed in Japan called a balloon bomb (fugo) was manufactured here. The fugo was designed as an inexpensive weapon that could ride on the jet stream over the Pacific Ocean to drop bombs on American cities.

The exhibits highlight the dangerous working conditions in the chemical weapons plants, and the effects of poison gas on the human body. The rubber suits, gas masks, gloves, and boots that the workers wore were not completely airtight, allowing poisonous material to seep in, which damaged the skin, eyes, and throat. Many of the workers suffered from exposure to the chemicals. Displays include equipment used to manufacture and store poison gas, as well as workers’ documents such as notebooks and training manuals.

The second room is set up as a classroom, with posters and photographs showing how poison gas affects the human body, particularly the lungs, eyes, skin, and heart. Photographs from Iraq and Iran of victims of poison gas illustrate the horrors of chemical warfare in more recent times.

The island is dotted with war-related debris, including the south, central, and north artillery batteries, and shuttered factories. Before the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), the island was fortified to protect the Seto Inland Sea. Three artillery batteries were constructed to monitor the enemy.

The North Battery Ruins are the remnants of one of the original batteries constructed on the island; 22 cannons were installed between 1897 and 1902. During World War II, the North Battery was used to store poison gas.

The Ammunition Storage Warehouse was also used to store poison gas during World War II, and to store ammunition for U.S. forces during the Korean War (1950–1953). The roof of the building was made of light material to limit damage in the case of an explosion.

The power station, now in ruins, provided power to the island during World War II and was used to store ammunition during the Korean War. Signs of its history are still evident in the words “MAG2” on one of the walls, indicating an area for storing ammunition magazines.

The Nagaura Poison Gas Storehouse was the largest poison gas storehouse on the island. Around 100 tons of poison gas was stored in each of its six rooms. It was originally painted in camouflage colors.

The Okunoshima Poison Gas Museum was built with the cooperation of groups representing the affected people and associated towns, cities, and Hiroshima Prefecture. The museum and people of Okunoshima hope that tourists will visit the museum along with the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum in Hiroshima City to learn about the importance of peace.

大久野島毒氣資料館

大久野島毒氣資料館於1988年建立，主要展示於1929年成立，並於1945年二戰結束後停止使用的化學武器工廠的相關內容。在1984年之前，日本國民幾乎無人知曉日軍曾製造毒氣。

這座小資料館的第一個展廳聚焦於日本帝國陸軍為了在大久野島開發化學武器而實行的祕密項目。島上的工廠製造芥子氣和催淚瓦斯，此外還生產諸如將燃燒彈掛在氫氣球下的「氣球爆彈」，這種被叫作「ふ号（Fugo）兵器」的廉價武器，其開發目的是借助太平洋上空的氣流將炸彈投放到美國的城市。

此處展廳還著重展示化學武器工廠危險的工作環境以及毒氣對人體的影響。橡膠衣褲、防毒面罩、手套和靴子並不能完全隔絕空氣，毒氣仍可乘虛而入，對人體皮膚、眼睛和喉嚨造成損傷，許多工人都因化學暴露而飽受痛苦。展品包括生產、儲存毒氣的裝備，以及當時工人們的筆記本和培訓手冊等文件資料。

第二個展廳被設計為教室，透過海報和照片展示毒氣對人體的傷害，特別是對肺部、雙眼、皮膚和心臟部位造成的影響。伊拉克和伊朗毒氣受害者的照片則闡述近代化學戰爭的恐怖和悲慘。

島上零星散布著與戰爭有關的遺跡，包括分布在島嶼南部、中部、北部的炮台和早已關閉的工廠。依照瀨戶內海的防禦規劃，這座小島在日俄戰爭（1904-1905）爆發前就已經成為軍事要塞，三座炮台便是為監控敵情而建造。

北炮台遺址是當年島上三處炮台之一的遺跡，在1897年到1902年間這裡陸續裝配了22台加農炮。二戰期間，北炮台被用於存放毒氣。

彈藥倉庫在二戰期間也被用於存放毒氣，在韓戰（1950-1953）中則是美軍的軍火庫。倉庫屋頂以輕型材料製成，以減少萬一發生爆炸時可能造成的破壞。

發電站如今已是廢墟，二戰期間卻維持著島上的電力供給，並在韓戰中作為軍火存放處。今天這裡還殘留著當年的歷史痕跡，其中一面牆上的「MAG2」字樣標記的是一處彈匣存放區。

長浦毒氣倉庫是島上最大的毒氣儲藏庫，最初被漆成迷彩色，儲藏庫內共有6個房間，每間曾存放約100噸毒氣。

大久野島毒氣資料館由受害民眾、相關城鎮及廣島縣的多個團體合作建成，資料館與大久野島居民共同期望透過該館及廣島市的廣島和平紀念資料館的展示，幫助訪客認識到和平的重要性。

大久野岛毒气资料馆

大久野岛毒气资料馆于1988年建立，主要展示岛上的与化学武器工厂相关的内容，工厂自1929年建立，一直到1945年二战结束后才停止使用。在1984年之前，日本国民几乎无人知晓日军曾制造毒气。

这座小资料馆的第一个展厅聚焦于日本帝国陆军为了在大久野岛上开发化学武器而实行的秘密项目。岛上的工厂主要制造芥子气和催泪瓦斯，此外也生产其他武器，例如，把燃烧弹挂在氢气球下的“气球爆弹”，这是一种被叫作“ふ号（Fugo)兵器”的廉价武器，开发目的是想要借助太平洋上空的气流将炸弹投放到美国城市。

这个展厅还着重展示了化学武器工厂危险的工作环境以及毒气对人体的影响。橡胶衣裤、防毒面罩、手套和靴子并不能完全隔绝空气，毒气仍可乘虚而入，对人体皮肤、眼睛和喉咙造成损伤。许多工人都因化学暴露而饱受痛苦。展品包括生产、储存毒气的装备，以及当时工人们的笔记本和培训手册等文件资料。

第二个展厅被设计为教室，通过海报和照片展示毒气对人体的伤害，特别是对肺部、双眼、皮肤和心脏部位造成的影响。伊拉克和伊朗毒气受害者的照片讲述着近年化学战争的恐怖和悲剧。

岛上零散分布着与战争有关的遗迹，包括分布在岛屿南部、中部、北部的炮台和已经关闭的工厂。依照濑户内海的防御规划，这座小岛在日俄战争(1904-1905)爆发前就已建成了军事要塞，三座炮台便是专为监控敌情而建造。

北炮台遗址是当年岛上三处炮台之一的遗迹，在1897年到1902年间，这里陆续装配了22台加农炮。二战期间，北炮台被用于存放毒气。

弹药仓库在二战期间也被用于存放毒气，在朝鲜战争(1950-1953)中则是美军的军火库。仓库屋顶以轻型材料制成，以减少万一发生爆炸时可能造成的破坏。

发电站如今已是废墟，二战期间却维系着岛上的电力供给，并在朝鲜战争中被用于存放军火。今天这里还残留着当年的历史痕迹，其中，一面墙上的“MAG2”字样标记的是一处弹匣存放区。

长浦毒气仓库是岛上最大的毒气储藏库，最初被漆成迷彩色，库内共有6个房间，每间曾存放约100吨毒气。

大久野岛毒气资料馆由受害民众、相关城镇及广岛县的多个团体合作建成。资料馆与大久野岛居民的共同期望是：通过该馆及位于广岛市的广岛和平纪念资料馆的展示，帮助人们认识到和平的重要性。