常行堂 一棟（重文）
最澄が深く影響を受けた中国天台宗の宗祖・智顗が、天台仏教の最高の教典である『摩訶止観』に記した四種三昧の一つ、「常行三昧」の修行のための道場。常行三昧院とも呼ばれる。常行三昧とは、阿弥陀仏を本尊とする堂内で、90日間にわたって、常に阿弥陀仏の名を唱え、心に阿弥陀如来を念じながら歩き続ける修行である。
その間、横になることは許されず、眠るときも立ったままでなくてはいけない。やがて三昧と呼ばれる高い集中状態に入ると、仏を目の当たりにするので、仏立三昧（ぶつりゅうざんまい）とも言われる。今でも堂内ではこの修行が行われているため、周囲の静寂を保つ必要がある。
常行堂は東塔、西塔、横川のそれぞれの地区にもかつてはあったが、現在は西塔の常行堂のみが残っている。
Jogyo-do (Important Cultural Property)
The hall is also called the Jogyozanmai-in and is used for the practice of the “constant-walking samadhi.” This is one of four types of samadhi or concentration practices described in Makashikan, a text written by Chigi, the monk who founded Tendai Buddhism. This text is among the most important in Tendai Buddhism and it had a profound influence on Saicho. The hall enshrines a statue of the Amida Buddha. In “constant-walking samadhi,” monks chant the name of the Amida Buddha, concentrating on the Amida Buddha while walking within the hall without resting for ninety days.
The practitioner is not allowed to lie down, and must remain standing even while sleeping. When the practitioner enters the state of intense concentration or samadhi, he will see the Buddha before his eyes. Thus, this practice is also called the butsuryu-zanmai, or the “standing Buddha samadhi.” The hall is still used for this practice, and silence must be observed in the area around the hall.
There were Constant-Walking halls in the East Pagoda (Todo), West Pagoda (Saito), and Yokawa areas. Today, only the Saito area hall still remains.
C: Chinese
Jogyo-do (Constant-Walking Hall)
Jogyozanmai-in (Constant-Walking Samadhi Temple)
Tendai (C. Tiantai)
Chigi (C. Zhiyi)
Makashikan (C. Mohe zhiguan)
Butsuryu-zanmai (samadhi in which the Buddha appears standing in front of you)
