Title Offerings and Votive Objects on Okinoshima

  • Fukuoka
Topic(s):
Historic Sites/Castle Ruins
Medium/Media of Use:
Web Page
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2019
Associated Tourism Board:
Preservation and Utilization Council of "Sacred Island of Okinoshima and Associated Sites in the Munakata Region"
Associated Address:
Munakata-shi , Fukuoka

奉献品

沖ノ島で発見された製品の数量は驚くほど多く、島内の至る所の祭場から8万点以上の製品が発掘されました。その多くは現在、宗像大社の神宝館で展示されています。


古代の宝物

沖ノ島で発見された製品の中には、宝石から彫られたコンマの形状をした数珠玉(勾玉)があります。日本最古の歴史書に記録されている創造神話によると、太陽神・天照大神は彼女の孫息子・瓊瓊杵尊を日本を治めるために遣わした際、鏡と剣のほか、勾玉(しばしば「宝石」とも表現される)を授けました。彼は皇室の始祖となり、三種の神器(鏡・勾玉・剣)は天皇の神性の象徴として崇められています。三種の神器は決して一般公開されませんが、沖ノ島で発見されたものと似ていると考えられます。


祭祀の変遷

沖ノ島で発見された最古の最も精巧な製品の一部は、中国や朝鮮半島から持ち込まれたもので、アジアの他の地域との初期の貿易関係を示しています。より後期(8世紀から9世紀)の品々はよりシンプルであり国内で制作されました。古くは神々に捧げられていた輸入品とは対照的に、人間や舟や馬の形に彫られた滑石の品が多いことから、祭祀の性質が変化したことがうかがえます。


Offerings and Votive Objects on Okinoshima

The sheer volume of objects found on Okinoshima was staggering—over 80,000 were excavated from ritual sites across the island. Many are now on display at the Shimpokan Museum at Munakata Taisha.


Ancient Treasures

Among the items found on Okinoshima are comma-shaped beads (magatama), carved from precious stone. According to the creation myths recorded in Japan’s oldest written chronicles, the sun goddess Amaterasu Omikami gave magatama (often described as “jewels”), along with a mirror and a sword, to her grandson, Ninigi no Mikoto, when she sent him to rule over Japan. He became the founding ancestor of Japan’s line of emperors, and the Three Sacred Treasures (the mirror, the jewel, and the sword) are revered as symbols of the emperors’ divinity. Although the Three Sacred Treasures are never put on public view, we can assume they look similar to the ones found on Okinoshima.


Changing Rituals

Some of the earliest and most intricate objects found on Okinoshima were brought from China and the Korean Peninsula, indicating early trade ties with the rest of Asia. Many of the pieces that date to a later period (eighth to ninth centuries) are simpler and were crafted in Japan. The large number of talc carvings fashioned into human, boat, and horse shapes, in contrast to the imported objects that had been offered to the deities in earlier times, suggest that the nature of the rituals had changed.


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