Title Namahage Museum: About the Masks

  • Akita
Topic(s):
Historic Sites/Castle Ruins Regional Specialties Public Works & Institutions (Museums, etc.)
Medium/Media of Use:
Pamphlet Web Page
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2019
Associated Tourism Board:
ogabanDMOimbaundosuishiniinkai

なまはげ館:解説 面について


ここに展示されているお面のほぼすべてが年月の中で実際に使用されてきたもので、うち30は今でも大晦日にナマハゲ行事で着用されます。中には200年以上前の物もあるこれらの衣装はそれぞれ大きく異なることに気が付くでしょう。これは木や木の皮、紙粘土、合板、ブリキ、プラスチック等、様々な材料から作られているためです。各村落の住民は伝統的に何でも手に入るものを使ってナマハゲのお面を作ってきたため、完成品の仕上がりはとりまく自然環境に影響されました。例えば、ほとんどのお面の髪の毛は馬毛か麻の繊維でできていますが、海沿いの村ではよく海藻が使われます。他の地元民は縄や人毛すらも使いました。


ナマハゲは時に秋田中のお土産店で売られている、繊細な彫りと塗りが施された木製のお面と関連付けられることがありますが、それらは元々観光目的で作られたもので、厳密には伝統的なものではありません。ただしかなり丈夫なため、村によっては大晦日の実際のナマハゲ行事で、ナマハゲが家を出入りする際に扉の枠で頭を打つなどして壊れやすい伝統的衣装の代わりに使っているところもあります。


Namahage Museum: About the Masks


Almost all of the masks displayed here have actually been used over the years, and about 30 of them are still worn in Namahage rituals on New Year’s Eve. You will notice that the disguises, some of which are more than 200 years old, differ significantly from each other. This is because they are made from a wide variety of materials, including wood, bark, paper clay, plywood, tin, and plastic. Traditionally, the residents of each village would use whatever resources were available to them to make Namahage masks, so the finished product would be influenced by the surrounding natural environment. For example, while the hair of most masks is made of horsehair or hemp fiber, villages by the sea would often use seaweed instead. Other locales employed rope or even human hair.


Namahage are sometimes associated with the intricately carved and painted wooden masks sold at gift shops throughout Akita, but those were originally developed for touristic purposes and are not, strictly speaking, traditional. They are quite durable, though, and some villages now use them for actual Namahage visits on New Year’s Eve in place of the customary disguises, which tend to break when the Namahage run in and out of houses, sometimes hitting their heads on door frames as they go.


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