Title History-Making Gun Battles: The Battle of Nagashino

  • Nagano
Topic(s):
Castles/Palaces
Medium/Media of Use:
Interpretive Sign
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2022
Associated Tourism Board:
Matsumoto City

歴史に残る鉄砲戦:長篠の戦い


1575年の長篠の戦いは、おそらく16世紀から17世紀にかけての最も有名な鉄砲戦である。この戦いは、当時まだ比較的新しい武器であった火縄銃の戦術的価値を証明し、戦争のあり方を変えるきっかけとなった。

戦いの舞台は、現在の愛知県北設楽郡設楽原である。武田勝頼(1546-1582)は、武田信玄(1521-1573)を父に持ち、当時最も強力な軍隊を築いていた。対するは、織田信長とその臣下で後に将軍となる徳川家康(1543-1616)の連合軍である。勝頼軍は徳川の同盟国が所有する城を包囲し、信長と家康はその包囲を破ろうとしていた。

一般的な説では、信長軍3000人の鉄砲隊が勝負を決めたとされている。信長は型破りな名将として知られ、火縄銃を積極的に取り入れた。信長は、城の反対側の柵の後ろに鉄砲隊を3列に並べ、武田軍の精鋭騎馬隊を引きつけて砲撃を仕掛けた。連射された鉄砲隊は、刀や槍を持った騎馬兵をなぎ倒し、信長と家康は勝利した。

History-Making Gun Battles: The Battle of Nagashino


The 1575 Battle of Nagashino is perhaps the best-known gun battle of the sixteenth century. Its outcome helped to prove the tactical value of firearms, which were still relatively new weapons at the time.

The battle took place on the Shitaragabara Plain, in what is now Aichi Prefecture, in central Japan. On one side was Takeda Katsuyori (1546–1582), son of Takeda Shingen (1521–1573), who had built one of the most fearsome armies of the era. Opposing him were the combined forces of Oda Nobunaga (1534–1582) and his retainer Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616), the future shogun. Katsuyori’s forces had surrounded a castle controlled by an ally, and Nobunaga and Ieyasu were seeking to break the siege.

According to the popular account, the battle was decided by the 3,000 gunners in Nobunaga’s army. Nobunaga was known as a brilliant general and an enthusiastic adopter of firearms. He positioned his gunners in three rows behind palisades on the opposite side of the plain from the castle, then drew the elite Takeda cavalry into a charge. Firing in volleys, the gunners cut down the sword- and spear-wielding horsemen, and Nobunaga and Ieyasu went on to win the day.

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