Title Utara Coal Mine: Its Rise and Fall

  • Okinawa
Topic(s):
Historic Sites/Castle Ruins
Medium/Media of Use:
Interpretive Sign
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2022
Associated Tourism Board:
kankyosho okinawaamami shizenkankyojimusho

宇多良炭鉱:その繁栄と滅亡


西表島北西部の採掘資源である石炭は、19世紀後半に多く求められた。日本の工業化が進んだことにより、マラリアによる鉱員の健康の低下にも関わらず、1886年から炭鉱が近くの内離島で推進されていた。   


宇多良炭鉱は、西表島で1930年代に開鉱し、海外進出のため天然資源を求められ、マラリア対策をしつつ、西表周辺の島の中では最大の炭鉱になり、1000人ほど雇用するまでに拡大した。非常に搾取的な方法で、労働者を甘言などの約束で集められたものの、長時間働き、賃金の代わりに金券での支払い、逃亡しようとするものは厳しい罰が与えられた。第二次世界大戦中は、海上輸送路が立たれていたため、鉱員は徴兵され、炭鉱は1943年に閉山した。

Utara Coal Mine: Its Rise and Fall


Demand for coal, a resource found throughout northwest Iriomote, increased in the late nineteenth century as Japan industrialized, and mining got underway on nearby Uchibanari Island in 1886, continuing despite the threat that malaria posed to the miners’ health.


The Utara Mine opened on Iriomote in the 1930s as overseas expansion drove up the demand for natural resources. In part by keeping malaria at bay, Utara grew to become the largest mine of the Iriomote island cluster, employing almost 1,000 people at its height. The system was highly exploitative. Lured to jobs with false promises, miners were forced to work long hours, paid in coupons rather than money, and brutally punished if they ran away. During World War II, as maritime transport routes were blocked and workers were conscripted to fight, the mine ceased operations in 1943.


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