地域観光資源の 多言語解説文データベース

Hiama

Every gassho-style house in Shirakawa-go has an irori fireplace, above which hangs a wooden board suspended from the main crossbeams of the house and colored black by soot from the fire underneath. This board, or hiama, traditionally had many uses. Tools could be stored on top of it, or food could be hung from it to be smoked. The hiama’s primary function, however, was to extinguish sparks rising from the fire before they reached the ceiling, walls or, worse, the thatched roof, starting a blaze that could threaten the entire village. The hiama also helped dissipate smoke throughout the house while preventing heat from dispersing, keeping the area around the irori warm even in the dead of winter.

火天

白川鄉的所有「合掌造」民居裡都有「圍爐裏」（用以烹飪和取暖的地爐），其上方都懸掛著一塊木板，自主樑上垂下，被下方爐膛裡冒出的煤煙燻得發黑。這塊木板名叫「火天」，在傳統上具有多重功用，板上可存放工具，板下可懸掛需要煙燻的食物。然而，火天最主要的用途是攔截並熄滅爐火中迸起的火星，避免火星飛竄到天花板、牆壁甚至更危險的茅草屋頂，引發威脅整個村莊安危的大火。此外，火天還有助於讓煙霧在整個房間裡散開，阻止熱氣散逸，即便在嚴寒的冬季，圍爐裏周圍依然能夠保持溫暖。

火天

白川乡的所有“合掌造”民居里都有“围炉里”（用以烹饪和取暖的地炉），围炉里上方都悬挂着一块木板，自主梁上垂下，被下方炉膛里冒出的煤烟熏得发黑。这块木板名叫“火天”，在传统上具有多重功用：板上可存放工具，板下可悬挂需要烟熏的食物。然而，火天最主要的用途在于拦截并熄灭炉火中迸起的火星，避免它们飞窜到天花板、墙壁甚至更危险的茅草屋顶，引发威胁整个村庄安危的大火。此外，火天还有助于让烟雾在房间内散开，阻止热气逃逸，这样，即便在严寒的冬季，围炉里周围依然能够保持温暖。