地域観光資源の 多言語解説文データベース

Toki and Nature Learning Center (“Toki Mite”)

The crested ibis (toki) once flourished across Japan and neighboring countries, including China, Korea, and Russia. Today, these birds are a protected species on Sado Island and in the nearby coastal area of Teradomari in the city of Nagaoka.

The Toki and Nature Learning Center in Teradomari is a hub for crested ibis conservation efforts. The center operates a breeding and education program, designed to help restore the crested ibis population in the wild and inform the general public about these endangered birds. Although the center welcomes visitors every day, its primary aim is conservation. There are a number of younger birds on-site, but only full-grown ibises are on display to the public. This ensures the birds can mature in a safe, stress-free environment.

Interactive displays in the Toki and Nature Learning Center show the many changes crested ibises undergo before reaching maturity. When they are born, the birds have brown feathers. Around two months later, these become yellow, then progress to orange after five months. Finally, around the two-year mark, the birds achieve their unique color, known as toki iro (“ibis color”), something of an orange-tinted red.

The displays in the center guide visitors through the maturation process, using a mixture of preserved samples, skeletal models, and computer-generated images. Conservation rules do not allow direct viewing of ibis chicks, but visitors can see their progress through a live TV feed that streams from their nest on a continuous basis.

When the chicks are fully mature, they are released back into the wild on Sado Island. The center tags all released ibises to monitor them and learn more about their natural migration patterns and behavioral habits. Over time, conservationists have undertaken numerous studies related to the birds and their life cycle.

The island’s marshlands, forests, and rice fields provide the crested ibis with an ideal living environment. Crested ibises typically make their home in chestnut or pine trees close to the water. Small freshwater crabs form the basis of their diet. The birds mate in February each year, and lay up to five eggs in April. Chicks usually hatch in mid-May.

Sometimes, the birds need a helping hand in the mating process. This is where the Toki and Nature Learning Center steps in. Five full-grown ibises are kept in an enclosure at the center where visitors can observe them. How they interact—they sometimes squabble—demonstrates their different personalities. Each ibis has a name and its own colored tag to help visitors identify it: Hotaru (yellow), Nozomi (blue), Hikari (red), Shinano (light blue), and Keyaki (green).

Feeding time, at 1 p.m., allows visitors to watch the ibises hunt for food just as they do in the wild. Staff members release small loaches into the enclosure’s ponds, and the ibises use their long beaks to trap and then eat them. The birds are also fed meat and vegetables at 9 a.m. and pellets at 3 p.m. This mix ensures they receive a healthy and balanced diet every day.

Since 1981, Nagaoka and Sado have operated a controlled breeding program to revive the local crested ibis population. As the program has expanded, it has spread out over five different areas of Japan to ensure the population remains safe. If all the birds were kept in one area, a single disaster or avian viral outbreak could be devastating to their numbers.

In addition to Nagaoka and Sado, there are further sanctuaries in Tokyo, Ishikawa Prefecture, and Shimane Prefecture. Conservation efforts were further boosted in 1999 with the donation of two ibises from China. These birds bred successfully, and today there are 458 ibises living on Sado Island, of which 163 have come directly from the breeding program and 295 have been born in the wild. It is not unusual to see ibises flying from Sado Island over to Teradomari and back again. Although the trip by ferry from the island to the mainland takes around one hour, an adult ibis can cover the same distance in just 40 minutes.

Conservation is a community effort, and both Teradomari and Sado run education programs in conjunction with local elementary schools. These programs encourage schoolchildren to play their part in protecting the crested ibis population. The Toki and Nature Learning Center remains instrumental in that process.

朱䴉與自然學習館

朱䴉曾經遍佈日本和中國、韓國、俄羅斯等周邊諸國。如今，這種鳥類是佐渡島和長岡市寺泊地區近海的保護物種。

「朱䴉與自然學習館」位於寺泊，是一個朱䴉保護活動中心，該中心主持一項繁殖與教育活動，目的是兼顧野外朱䴉保育與提高瀕危鳥類的公眾認知。中心每日開放參觀，但主要任務還是動物保護。館內飼養一定數量的幼鳥，但為確保幼鳥在安全、無壓力的環境下長大，開放給民眾觀賞的只有成年朱䴉。

館內透過電子互動螢幕展示朱䴉各個成長階段的變化。剛出生的雛鳥身披棕色羽毛，大約兩個月後，羽毛逐漸轉變為黃色，到五個月後就差不多變成了橙色。兩歲左右時，這些鳥兒才終於能夠擁有牠們獨特的色彩——「朱䴉色」，一種類似染有橙色的紅色。

館內還透過標本、骨骼模型以及電腦合成影像等資料的綜合展示，引導參觀者瞭解這種鳥的成長過程。限於保護規則，參觀者不能直接觀賞幼鳥，但可以透過持續播放的即時影像觀看鳥巢內小鳥的成長。

幼鳥完全長大後，就會被放歸佐渡島的野外，學習館對每一隻放歸的鳥類都會打上標籤進行追蹤觀測，以進一步了解牠們在大自然中的遷徙模式和行為習慣。多年來，環保人士已經就這種鳥類及其生命週期展開了大量研究。

島上的濕地、森林、稻田都為朱䴉提供了理想的生活環境，牠們通常習慣在臨水的栗樹或松樹上築巢，小型淡水蟹是牠們的主要食物。這些朱䴉每年2月交配，4月產卵，一巢最多5顆卵，雛鳥通常在5月中旬孵化。

有時，朱䴉在交配環節會需要有人助以一臂之力，這就是「朱䴉與自然學習館」介入的時候了。館內如今還飼養著5隻成年朱䴉可供來訪遊客觀察。朱䴉之間也會發生爭吵，而牠們彼此互動的方式則顯示每隻鳥個性的不同。在這裡，每一隻朱䴉都有自己的名字和顏色標籤，方便來訪遊客辨認，分別是：Hotaru（黃色）、Nozomi（藍色）、Hikari（紅色）、Shinano（淺藍色）和Keyaki（綠色）。

下午1點餵食時間可以觀察到牠們和野外朱䴉一樣的捕食方式。工作人員將小泥鰍放進封閉的池塘裡，朱䴉伸出牠們長長的喙抓住泥鰍吃掉。此外，每天上午9點是餵食肉類和蔬菜的時間，下午3點餵食鳥食，綜合飲食確保了牠們每天都能攝取健康、均衡的營養。

自1981年以來，長岡市和佐渡市一直在實施一項人工保育專案，以期復興當地朱䴉。隨著專案開始，為確保種群數量安全，專案範圍已擴大到日本全國共5個不同地區。因為如果所有鳥都生活在單一區域，那麼一場災難或一次禽類疫情的爆發就足以摧毀整個物種的數量。

長岡和佐渡之外的其他保護區分別位於東京、石川縣和島根縣。1999年，中國向日本捐贈了兩隻朱䴉，進一步推動了日本保育朱䴉的計畫。到目前為止，這些鳥都繁衍得很成功，如今佐渡島上棲息著458隻朱䴉，其中163隻出自保育專案，295隻為野外出生，朱䴉在佐渡島和寺泊之間飛來飛去的景象已並不罕見。乘輪渡從島上抵達寺泊需要1小時左右，但一隻成年朱䴉只需40分鐘即可飛越同樣的路程。

保育朱䴉需要全社會的努力，因此寺泊和佐渡都與當地小學合作展開了相關教育專案，這些專案鼓勵學童在保護朱䴉種群數量方面盡自己的一份力，在這一過程中，「朱䴉與自然學習館」也發揮著不可或缺的作用。

朱鹮与自然学习馆

朱鹮曾经遍布日本和中国、韩国、俄罗斯等周边诸国。如今，这种鸟类是佐渡岛和长冈市寺泊地区近海的保护物种。

“朱鹮与自然学习馆”位于寺泊，是一个朱鹮保护活动中心。该中心运营繁殖与教育项目，旨在兼顾野外朱鹮保育与提高濒危鸟类的公众认知。中心每日开放参观，但主要任务还是动物保护。馆内饲养着一定数量的幼鸟，为确保幼鸟能够在安全、无压力的环境下长大，开放给公众观赏的只有成年朱鹮。

馆内通过电子互动屏展示朱鹮各个成长阶段的状态。刚出生的雏鸟身披棕色羽毛，大约两个月后，羽毛逐渐转变为黄色，到五个月后就差不多变成了橙色。到了两岁左右，这些鸟儿才终于能够拥有它们独特的色彩——“朱鹮色”，一种类似染有橙色的红色。

馆内还通过标本、骨骼模型以及电脑合成影像等资料的综合展示，引导来访者了解朱鹮的成长过程。限于保护规则，来访者不能直接观赏幼鸟，但可以通过持续播放的实时影像观看鸟巢内小鸟的成长。

幼鸟长大后，就会被放归佐渡岛的野外。学习馆会标签每一只放归的朱鹮，加以追踪观测，以进一步了解它们在大自然中的迁徙模式和行为习惯。多年来，环保人士已经对朱鹮及其生命周期进行了大量研究。

岛上的湿地、森林、稻田都为朱鹮提供了理想的生活环境。它们通常习惯在临水的栗树或松树上筑巢。小型淡水蟹是它们的主要食物。朱鹮每年2月交配，4月产卵，一巢最多5只卵，雏鸟通常在5月中旬孵化。

有时，朱鹮在交配环节会需要有人助以一臂之力，这就是“朱鹮与自然学习馆”介入的时候了。馆内如今还饲养着5只成年朱鹮可供来访者观察。朱鹮之间也会发生争吵，而它们互相交流的方式会展现每只鸟儿不同的个性。在这里，每一只朱鹮都有自己的名字和颜色标签，用以方便来访者辨认。它们分别是：Hotaru（黄色）、Nozomi（蓝色）、Hikari（红色）、Shinano（浅蓝色）和Keyaki（绿色）。

下午1点是喂食时间，可以看到它们和野外朱鹮一样的捕食情况。工作人员将小泥鳅放进封闭的池塘里，朱鹮伸出它们长长的喙抓住泥鳅并吃掉。此外，每天上午9点是喂食肉类和蔬菜的时间，下午3点喂食鸟食。综合饮食确保了它们每天都能摄取健康、均衡的营养。

自1981年以来，长冈市和佐渡市一直在实施人工繁殖保育项目，以期恢复本地朱鹮的种群数量。随着项目展开，为确保种群安全，项目范围已扩大到日本全国共5个不同地区。因为如果所有朱鹮都生活在单一区域，那么一场灾难或一次禽类疫情的爆发就足以摧毁整个物种的存量。

长冈和佐渡之外的其他保护区分别位于东京、石川县和岛根县。1999年，中国向日本捐赠了两只朱鹮，进一步推动了该保护项目。到目前为止，朱鹮的繁育非常成功。如今佐渡岛上栖息着458只朱鹮，其中163只出自保育项目，295只为野外出生。朱鹮在佐渡岛和寺泊之间飞来飞去的景象已不罕见。乘轮渡从岛上抵达寺泊需要1个小时左右，但一只成年朱鹮只需40分钟即可飞越同样的路程。

朱鹮保护需要全社会的努力，因此，寺泊和佐渡联合当地小学展开了相关教育项目，这些项目鼓励学童在保护朱鹮种群数量方面尽自己的一份力。在这之中，“朱鹮与自然学习馆”也扮演着不可或缺的角色。