Title History of the Kobayashi Family

  • Shimane
Topic(s):
Historic Sites/Castle Ruins
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App, QR code, etc.
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2023
Associated Tourism Board:
tetsu no michi bunkaken suishin kyogikai

小林家の歴史


奥出雲の刀鍛冶・小林家は、たたら製鉄所の大鍛冶場で鍛冶をしていた小林才兵衛(1822年没)を祖とする。日本は1860年代から西洋の技術を輸入するようになり、鉄の需要が急増したため、孫の小林松左衛門(1846年生まれ)が独立して製鉄所を設立した。しかし、たたら製鉄は輸入された新しい反射炉との競争に苦戦し、松左衛門はすぐに廃業を余儀なくされた。


松左衛門の孫である小林大四郎(1903-1976)は、一族で初めて刀鍛冶の修行を積んだ。広島県で学んだ後、1942年に奥出雲に戻り、軍用サーベルを製造する鍛冶場を開いた。実業家の小林家にとって不運だったのは、1945年の第二次世界大戦終結後、刀剣の製造は禁止されたことだった。


やがて禁止令が改正され、美術品としての刀剣の製作が合法化された。大四郎は1954年に刀剣製作の許可を得て、京都の月山貞一(1907-1995)に師事した。月山貞一は後に人間国宝に指定される名工である。大四郎は名工になり、1965年には日本美術刀剣保存協会の第1回作品展に出品された。大四郎の3人の息子たちも後を継ぎ、奥出雲を代表する刀工となった。

History of the Kobayashi Family


The Kobayashi family of swordsmiths in Okuizumo traces its lineage back to a blacksmith named Kobayashi Saibe’e (d. 1822) who worked in the ōkajiba forge at a tatara ironworks. When Japan began to import Western technology in the 1860s, it caused a surge in demand for iron, prompting his grandson Kobayashi Matsuzaemon (b. 1846) to establish an independent ironworks. However, tatara furnaces struggled to compete with new, imported reverberatory furnaces, and Matsuzaemon was soon forced to close the ironworks down.


Kobayashi Daishirō (1903–1976), Matsuzaemon’s grandson, was the first member of the family to be trained as a swordsmith. After studying in Hiroshima Prefecture, Daishirō returned to Okuizumo in 1942 and opened a forge to produce military sabers. Unfortunately for the entrepreneurial Kobayashi family, sword production was banned following the end of World War II in 1945.


Eventually, the ban was amended to make it legal to produce swords as works of art. After receiving permission to craft swords in 1954, Daishirō trained under Gassan Sadakazu II (1907–1995), a craftsman in Kyoto who would later be designated a Living National Treasure. Daishirō became a renowned swordsmith, and in 1965, one of his swords was displayed in the first annual exhibition held by the Society for Preservation of Japanese Art Swords. Daishirō’s three sons followed in his footsteps, and they went on to become some of Okuizumo’s most celebrated swordsmiths.

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