Title Tenbin Bellows

  • Shimane
Topic(s):
Historic Sites/Castle Ruins
Medium/Media of Use:
App, QR code, etc.
Text Length:
≤250 Words
FY Prepared:
2023
Associated Tourism Board:
tetsu no michi bunkaken suishin kyogikai

天秤ふいご


天秤ふいごは、シーソーのような基本的なふいごを発展させたものである。絲原家に伝わるたたら歴史の記録『鉄山旧記』によれば、この技術が初めて使われたのは1691年のことである。


製錬の3、4日間に渡ってふいごを汲み続ける骨の折れる仕事は、バンコと呼ばれる労働者に任された。バンコは交代でふいごの中央に立ち、両足を動く板の上に乗せた。吊り下げられたロープを握り、片足ずつ体重をかけ、木製のペダルを踏むたびに炉に空気を送り込んだ。炉とふいごの間には土壁が築かれ、高さ2メートルにも達する炎からバンコを守った。炉の片側にいる鞴からは相手の動きが見えないため、彼らはしばしば歌を謡い、長い製錬の間、ペース(と士気)を保った。


実物大のふいごのレプリカの展示があり、バンコの仕事がどのようなものであったかを体験することができる。天秤ふいごを自由に動かせますが、バランスを取るために必ずロープにおつかまりください。

Tenbin Bellows


Tenbin (literally, “scales”) bellows are an improvement on the basic foot-operated plank bellows, which resemble a seesaw. This technology was first used in 1691, according to the Tetsuzan kyūki (Old chronicles of the Iron Mountains), a record of tatara history that is safeguarded by the Itohara family.


The laborious task of continuously pumping the bellows over three or four days of smelting fell to workers called banko. The banko took turns standing in the center of the bellows with each foot on a wooden pedal. Gripping a hanging rope for balance, they leaned their weight first on one foot and then the other, forcing air into the furnace with each step on the pedals. Clay walls were built between the furnace and the bellows to protect the banko from the roaring flames, which reached heights of 2 meters. Since the banko on one side of the furnace could not see the movements of the banko on the other, they often chanted songs to keep a steady pace (and to maintain morale) through the long smelting process.


You can experience what it was like to be a banko on the life-sized replica displayed here. Feel free to try working the tenbin bellows, but be sure to hold onto the hanging rope for safety.

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