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Lecture Hall (Kōdō)

The Lecture Hall is the center of religious instruction at Tōji and houses one of the temple’s most important treasures: a three-dimensional depiction of Buddhist cosmology that consists of 21 statues, most of which date from the ninth century.

When the monk Kūkai (774–835) became abbot in 824, he built this hall as a place to teach the esoteric Buddhist tradition he had studied in China. This tradition, which has its roots in Indian Buddhism, emphasizes hidden knowledge and rituals, the chanting of mantras, and the study of mandalas—visual representations of the Buddhist universe. The statues in the hall are arranged as a large, three-dimensional mandala.

Kūkai’s original hall was lost during the fire in 1486 that destroyed most of Tōji’s buildings. Rebuilt in 1491, five years after the fire, the building still stands on the foundation stones of the original hall. Fifteen of the 21 wooden images survived and, along with one other that was remade later, have been designated National Treasures.

講堂

東寺至寶之一的講堂，為宣揚佛法之地，亦是東寺的中心建築。講堂內收藏著由21尊佛像構成的「立體曼荼羅」，多屬9世紀的精品佳作。

空海（774–835）於824年任東寺「別當（寺務統籌）」一職時，修建該講堂，以宣講自大唐習得的密宗奧義。密宗，源自印度佛教，側重秘法、儀式、真言詠誦，以及曼荼羅（將佛教宇宙觀視覺化後的圖像）的研究。正因如此，一座壯觀的立體曼荼羅才會呈現於堂內的佛像陳列中。

1486年的祝融之災，幾乎摧毀了空海所建的講堂及東寺的絕大部分建築。5年後，即1491年，講堂於原址重建，並留存至今。而最初的21尊木造佛像，現存15尊，加上日後雕刻的1尊，一共16尊，均被指定為國寶。

讲堂

讲堂，为宣扬佛法之地，亦是东寺的中心建筑。作为东寺至宝之一，由21尊佛像构成的“立体曼荼罗”便收藏于此，多属9世纪的杰作。

824年，空海（774–835）任东寺“别当”（寺务统筹）一职时修建讲堂，以宣讲自大唐习得的密宗奥义。密宗，源自印度佛教，侧重秘法、仪式、真言咏诵，以及曼荼罗（将佛教宇宙观视觉化后的图像）的研究。正因如此，堂内的佛像陈列，呈现一座巨大的立体曼荼罗。

空海所建的讲堂及东寺的绝大部分建筑，几乎全部毁于1486年的火灾。5年后，即1491年，讲堂于原址重建，留存至今。而最初的21尊木造佛像，现存15尊，加上日后雕刻的1尊，一共16尊，被指定为国宝。