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The Mosaic Tiles of Yamauchi Itsuzо̄ (1908–1992)

These are mosaic tile prototypes created by Yamauchi Itsuzо̄, a ceramicist who is considered by many to be the inventor of glazed porcelain mosaic tiles in Japan.

Born in nearby Kasahara, Yamauchi moved to Kyoto at the age of fifteen, where he studied various aspects of ceramics and glazing at the Kyoto City Ceramic Research Institute. In 1929, Yamauchi returned to his hometown and set up his own tile factory. At first, he predominantly made large decorative tiles. However, these complex, three-dimensional pieces were difficult and time-consuming to create. They required careful molding and sometimes broke during firing. In response to these difficulties, Yamauchi was inspired to make smaller, simpler tiles that would be easy to produce in uniform batches and less prone to breakage. Yamauchi finalized his method for mass-producing mosaic tiles in 1935.

The mosaic tiles sold well, particularly in the reconstruction period following World War II. Yamauchi’s success inspired other ceramicists in Kasahara to switch to producing mosaic tiles themselves. Though potters are typically protective of their trade secrets, Yamauchi shared information freely, and he spurred a revolution in production methods that helped to establish Kasahara as a vital tile production center in the postwar years.

The larger prototypes on the left are slip-cast stoneware, made by filling a mold with a liquid clay called “slip.” The smaller ones on the right are dry-pressed porcelain, which is made by mixing powdered clay with a binder, such as silicate or feldspar, and pressing it into a mold.

山內逸三的馬賽克瓷磚

這裡展出的是山內逸三（1908-1992）創作的馬賽克瓷磚雛型，在許多人眼裡，他推進了當地陶瓷製造業的產業化，也是日本釉面馬賽克瓷磚的發明者。

山內逸三出生於附近的笠原，15歲移居京都，在京都市立陶瓷器講習所學習有關陶藝和上釉工藝的各方面知識。1929年，山內逸三回到家鄉，創立了自己的瓷磚工廠。起初，他也以生產大型裝飾瓷磚為主。然而，複雜的立體作品製作起來費時費力，不但需要小心塑形，在燒製過程中還經常碎裂。為了應對這些困難，山內逸三產生了加工小型瓷磚的想法，瓷磚尺寸小，設計簡單，不但便於統一批量生產，且不易破損。之後，他於1935年創立了一套馬賽克瓷磚的批量生產方法。

馬賽克瓷磚銷路很好，在二戰後的復興時期更是大受歡迎。山內逸三的成功帶動了笠原其他製陶廠，他們也相繼投入了馬賽克瓷磚的生產製造。當時的同行慣於保守各自製造上的機密，可山內逸三卻分享了相關資訊，推動當地製陶行業興起了一場生產方式的變革，進而幫助笠原在戰後數年內迅速成長為日本國內重要的瓷磚產地。

左側較大的展品是泥塑炻器（炻音「石」，炻器也稱半瓷，質地介於陶和瓷之間），用一種被稱為「泥釉」的液態黏土注入模具鑄造而成。右側尺寸較小的則是採用乾壓法製作的瓷器，製作方式是將粉末狀的乾黏土與矽酸鹽、長石等粘合劑混合，然後填入模具中壓製成型。

山内逸三的马赛克瓷砖

这里展出的是山内逸三(1908-1992)创作的马赛克瓷砖样品，在许多人眼里，这位本地陶瓷制造业产业化的旗手就是日本釉面马赛克瓷砖的发明者。

山内逸三出生于附近的笠原，15岁移居京都，在京都市立陶瓷器讲习所学习有关陶艺和上釉工艺的各方面知识。1929年，山内逸三回到家乡，创立了自己的瓷砖工厂。起初，他也以生产大型装饰瓷砖为主，可这些复杂的立体作品制作起来费时费力，不但需要小心塑形，在烧制过程中还常常会碎裂。针对这些难题，山内逸三产生了加工小型瓷砖的想法，瓷砖尺寸小，设计简单，不但便于统一批量生产，且不易破损。之后，他于1935年创立了一套批量生产马赛克瓷砖的方法。

马赛克瓷砖销路很好，在二战后的复兴时期更是大受欢迎。山内逸三的成功带动了笠原其他制陶厂，他们也继而投入了马赛克瓷砖的生产制造。当时的同行习惯于保守各自制造上的机密，可山内逸三不同，他自由分享了相关信息，推动本地制陶行业兴起了一场生产方式的变革，进而帮助笠原在战后数年内迅速成长为日本国内重要的瓷砖产地。

左侧较大的样品是泥塑炻器（炻音“石”，炻器也称半瓷，质地介于陶和瓷之间），用一种被称为“泥釉”的液态黏土注入模具里铸造而成。右侧尺寸较小的则是采用干压法制作的瓷器，由粉末状的干黏土与硅酸盐、长石等粘合剂混合后填入模具中压制而成。