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History of Takayama: The Castle-Town Era

The history of Takayama begins with the remote village of Yasugawa, in Hida Province. Located in mountainous central Honshu, Hida was isolated from the centers of political power. In 1550, the Mitsuki family was able to take control of the region. They ruled Hida from 1558 until 1585, when they were defeated by the forces of Kanamori Nagachika (1524–1608), head of the Kanamori family.

In 1588, Nagachika built Takayama Castle to secure his position as lord of Hida. During the next three decades, he participated in the struggle for control of the country and fought on the winning side of the Battle of Sekigahara (1600). When the victorious Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616) established himself as shogun in 1603, Nagachika was allowed to keep Hida domain as a reward for his support.

The Kanamori family designed their castle town so that their samurai retainers lived close to the castle, along the Enako River, and merchants were forced to live farther from the castle, along the Miyagawa River. Hida merchants mostly supported themselves through mining, logging, and sericulture, but the region also supported many smaller industries.

In 1692, the sixth Kanamori lord, Yoritoki (1669–1736), was transferred to another domain. Over the next three years, Takayama Castle was dismantled, and the Tokugawa shogunate assumed direct control of Hida. The Kanamori retainers were all relocated, and their positions of power were taken over by bureaucrats from Edo (now Tokyo) and the merchants who stayed behind. Under the direct control of the government in Edo, the town grew into its golden age.

高山歷史：城下町時代

高山的前身安川村是飛驒國（驒音「駝」，今岐阜縣北部）的一個偏僻村莊，遠離政治權利中心。1585年，金森家家主金森長近（1524-1608）率軍擊敗當時的統治者三木家族，奪得飛驒國控制權。

1588年，金森長近修建高山城，以確立飛驒國領主地位。1600年，他站在德川家康（1543-1616）一邊取得了關原之戰的勝利，因此獲得回報，被允許繼續統治飛驒高山地區。

在這座圍繞城堡修建的金森家的城下町，武士家臣住在城堡附近的江名子川邊，商販被趕到遠離城堡的宮川沿岸。飛驒商人階級大多經營採礦、伐木、養蠶生意及其它各種小產業。

1692年，第6任家主金森賴時（1669-1736）被調去他藩。此後3年裡，德川幕府將飛驒高山地區置於直接管轄下，高山進入了其黃金時代。

高山历史：城下町时代

高山的前身安川村是飞驒国（驒音“驼”，今岐阜县北部）的一个偏僻村庄，远离政治权利中心。1585年，金森家的家主金森长近(1524-1608)率军击败当时的统治者三木家族，夺得飞驒国控制权。

1588年，金森长近修建高山城，以确立飞驒国领主地位。1600年关原之战时，他效力于德川家康(1543-1616)，作为胜利的回报，被允许继续统治飞驒高山地区。

在这座围绕城堡修建的金森家族的城下町，武士家臣住在城堡附近的江名子川边，商人被赶到远离城堡的宫川沿岸。飞驒商人大多经营采矿、伐木和养蚕生意及其它各种小产业。

1692年，第6任家主金森赖时(1669-1736)被调去他藩。此后3年里，德川幕府将飞驒高山地区置于直接管辖下，高山迈入了它的黄金时代。