地域観光資源の 多言語解説文データベース

History-Making Gun Battles: The Shimabara Rebellion

The Shimabara Rebellion (1637–1638) in southern Kyushu was an uprising of some 37,000 peasants and masterless samurai against the forces of the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–1868). The rebels were angry about high taxes and religious persecution; many of them were Christians whose families had converted under the Shimabara domain’s previous lord, who was Catholic. After some initial skirmishes, the rebels took refuge in a castle, forcing a months-long siege.

Both sides were well equipped with firearms. The Tokugawa forces were backed by Dutch merchant marines, who provided a gunship and cannons to the besieging army. The rebels were armed with muskets likely obtained from the Portuguese, who were rivals of the Dutch.

After the rebels ran out of food and gunpowder, the shogunate’s troops succeeded in storming the castle. Tens of thousands of rebels were either killed in the fighting or executed afterward.

In the wake of the revolt, the shogunate tightened its policy of national seclusion, strengthened an existing ban on Christianity, and imposed new restrictions on the manufacture and possession of firearms. Just a few years later, the shogunate closed the country to Westerners almost completely.

留存歷史的槍炮戰爭：島原之亂

九州南部爆發的島原之亂（1637-1638），是一場由大約37,000名農民和浪人（失去領主的武士）為反抗德川幕府（1603-1867）政權而掀起的起義，他們的憤怒來自於苛捐雜稅和宗教迫害。島原藩前任藩主信奉基督教，起義者中有許多人都是在其統治期間闔家改宗的吉利支丹，即自16世紀至明治時代的日本基督教徒。在初期的幾次小規模武裝衝突之後，起義軍躲進了一處城郭尋求庇護，引發了一場長達數月的圍城之戰。

荷蘭商船隊為幕府攻城部隊提供了炮艇和加農大炮，起義軍手中的火繩槍可能來自荷蘭商人的對手葡萄牙人，交戰雙方都裝備了精良的火器。

起義軍最終耗盡城中的糧食和彈藥，幕府軍隊攻佔了城郭。數萬起義軍或死於戰鬥，或在平定之後遭到處決。

島原之亂結束後，幕府加強了閉關鎖國政策，進一步強化基督教禁令，同時針對製造與持有火器實施了新的限制令。短短數年之後，幕府幾乎斷絕了與西方諸國的往來。

留存历史的枪炮战争：岛原之乱

九州南部爆发的岛原之乱(1637-1638)，是一场由大约37,000名农民和浪人（失去领主的武士）为反抗德川幕府(1603-1867)政权而发动的起义，他们的愤怒来自于苛捐杂税和宗教迫害。岛原藩前任藩主信奉基督教，起义者中有许多人都是在其统治期间阖家改宗的吉利支丹（自16世纪至明治时代的日本基督教徒）。在初期的几次小规模武装冲突之后，起义军躲进了一处城郭寻求庇护，引发了一场长达数月的围城之战。

交战双方都装备了精良的火器。荷兰商船队为幕府攻城部队提供了炮艇和加农大炮，起义军手中的火绳枪可能来自荷兰商人的对手葡萄牙人。

在起义军耗尽粮食和弹药之后，幕府军队攻占了城郭。数万起义军或死于战斗，或在事后遭到处决。

岛原之乱结束后，幕府收紧闭关锁国政策，进一步强化基督教禁令，同时实施新政限制生产和持有火器。短短数年之后，幕府几乎断绝了与西方诸国的往来。