地域観光資源の 多言語解説文データベース

Korean Missions to Tokugawa Japan

Strong political and commercial ties have linked the Korean Peninsula and Japan since ancient times, but it was during the Joseon period of Korean history (1392–1897) that these relations were formalized. To cultivate amity and trade, the king of Joseon regularly sent official embassies to the warrior-led regimes of Japan, and interacted even more frequently with the So family, who governed Tsushima. All these ties were severed by the Japanese invasions of Korea in the 1590s, which were directed by the warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537–1598), and in which the So were also forced to take part.

Tsushima’s economy has always been heavily dependent on foreign trade, and the cessation of relations with the Korean Peninsula had a devastating impact on the island. Immediately after Hideyoshi’s invasions ended in failure, the So family sought to restore ties with Joseon. After Hideyoshi died and the Tokugawa shogunate was established in 1603, they even forged official correspondence and seals to smooth over differences of opinion between the Joseon court and the new warrior-led regime.

The So efforts were rewarded, and in 1607 Joseon reinstated regular missions to Japan. The Korean kingdom dispatched a total of 12 embassies to the Tokugawa, usually on the occasion of shogunal succession. These delegations all traveled via Tsushima, and the So family was charged with the practical arrangements. As a cost-saving measure, the final mission in 1811 conducted all official business on the island instead of making the journey to Edo (present-day Tokyo). Joseon was the only foreign power with which the Tokugawa shogunate maintained regular diplomatic relations.

The splendor of the embassies, some of which consisted of nearly 500 participants, was recorded in two picture scrolls produced by the So family painters. The older of the pair, thought to date to the seventeenth century, depicts a Korean mission on its way to Edo, accompanied by dignitaries and guards from the Tsushima domain. The other scroll illustrates the embassy of 1811 parading down the main street in the So castle town of Izuhara. Reproductions and digital versions of the artworks are on display at the Tsushima Museum and the nearby Tsushima Chosen Tsushinshi History Museum. A reenactment of a Korean mission to the Tokugawa is held in Izuhara every August during the Minato Matsuri festival.

朝鮮通信使

自古以來，朝鮮半島和日本在政治和商業上的關係緊密。到了朝鮮王朝（1392-1897）時期，雙方關係正式確立。為了進一步發展友好關係和貿易往來，朝鮮國王定期向日本武士政權派遣官方使節團，與統治對馬島的「宗」家的交往最為頻繁。然而1590年代，日本武將豐臣秀吉（1537-1598）入侵朝鮮，宗家也被迫參與其中，日朝之間的聯繫因此斷絕。

對馬的經濟一直高度依賴對外貿易，中斷與朝鮮半島的關係對這座小島而言可謂滅頂之災。當豐臣秀吉的侵略失敗後，宗家便立即開始努力恢復與朝鮮的關係。豐臣秀吉死後，德川幕府於1603年成立，為了調和朝鮮王朝與新幕府之間的意見分歧，宗家甚至不惜偽造政府公文和印章。

宗家的努力最終得到了回報，1607年，朝鮮恢復了定期赴日通信使代表團。在接下來的200多年時間裡，朝鮮共向德川幕府派遣了12隻使節團。使節團通常於幕府將軍繼任時來訪，朝鮮也成為唯一與德川幕府保持定期外交關係的國家。這些使節團都取道對馬，由宗家負責實際事務。為了節省開支，1811年最後一隻使節團沒有前往江戶（今東京），而是在對馬島行使了所有公務。

宗家畫師筆下的兩幅畫卷描繪了近500人參與的使節團的盛況。其中較早的一幅描繪的是朝鮮通信使代表團在對馬藩的政要和警衛的陪同下，前往江戶途中的情形，這應該是17世紀的作品。另一幅卷軸描繪的是1811年使節團在嚴原城下町（圍繞城郭發展起來市鎮）主街上行進的場景。兩幅作品都被指定為國家重要文化財產，其複製品和電子版在對馬博物館和附近的對馬朝鮮通信使歷史館展出。每年8月的「港祭」期間，人們都會在嚴原重現朝鮮通信使代表團出使德川幕府的歷史勝景。

朝鲜通信使

自古以来，朝鲜半岛和日本在政治和商业方面的关系紧密。到了朝鲜王朝(1392-1897)时期，双方关系正式确立。为了进一步发展友好关系和贸易往来，朝鲜国王定期向日本武士政权派遣官方使节团，与统治对马岛的“宗”家族的交往最为频繁。然而16世纪90年代，日本武将丰臣秀吉(1537-1598)入侵朝鲜，宗家族也被迫参与其中，日朝之间的联系因此断绝。

对马的经济一直高度依赖对外贸易，中断与朝鲜半岛的关系对这座小岛而言可谓是灭顶之灾。当丰臣秀吉的侵略失败后，宗家族便立即开始努力恢复与朝鲜的关系。丰臣秀吉死后，德川幕府于1603年建立，为调和朝鲜王朝与新幕府之间的意见分歧，宗家族甚至不惜伪造了政府公文和印章。

宗家族的努力最终得到了回报，1607年，朝鲜恢复了定期赴日通信使代表团。在之后的200多年时间里，朝鲜共向德川幕府派遣了12支使节团。使节团通常于幕府将军继任时来访，朝鲜也成为唯一与德川幕府保持定期外交关系的国家。这些使节团都取道对马，由宗家族负责实际事务。为了节省开支，1811年最后一支使节团没有前往江户（今东京），而是在对马岛行使了所有公务。

宗家族画师笔下的两幅画卷描绘了近500人参与的使节团的盛况。其中较早的一幅被认为是17世纪的作品，描绘的是朝鲜通信使代表团在对马藩的政要和警卫的陪同下，前往江户途中的情形。另一幅卷轴描绘的是1811年使节团在严原城下町（围绕城郭发展起来市镇）主街上行进的场景。两幅作品都被指定为国家重要文化财产，其复制品和电子版在对马博物馆和附近的对马朝鲜通信使历史馆展出。每年8月的“港祭”期间，人们都会在严原重现朝鲜通信使代表团出使德川幕府的历史胜景。