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Ainokura Village

The gassho-zukuri (steep thatched roof style) village of Ainokura is one of two UNESCO World Heritage Sites located within Gokayama. The larger of the two villages, Ainokura is home to 20 traditional gassho-zukuri houses. Most of these houses were built one or two centuries ago; however, some of the oldest structures date back as far as the seventeenth century. Today, some of these gassho-zukuri are still occupied by local residents, while others have been transformed into museums, shops and lodgings for visitors.

Ainokura is nestled in a high mountain valley, enclosed by mountains, and situated near the west bank of the Sho River. Vegetation and trees including horse chestnut, beech, and Mongolian oak grow behind the village and act as protection against avalanches. Mulberries were once raised for silk production, and a type of mulberry known as kozo is cultivated for the production of washi paper. With the decline of sericulture, washi papermaking, and saltpeter production, agricultural fields have been converted into rice paddies. Other crops, including kariyasu, a variety of miscanthus that is used for thatching, are grown in a separate area some distance from the village.

Aside from the 20 preserved gassho-zukuri houses, Ainokura is home to some other notable traditional structures. These are organized into categories including gassho-zukuri houses remodeled into two-story buildings, wooden structures not classified under the gassho style, plank-style and earthen storehouses, and religious buildings, including a temple, a shrine, and a Buddhist dojo training hall. The village is worth a visit in any season as the area is renowned for its spectacular nature and foliage, although it’s particularly stunning in winter when the houses are covered in snow and illuminated with lights.

Ainokura is easily walkable, with the majority of buildings located within a short distance of each other. Head up the neighboring slope to find a lookout point from which you can see a panoramic view of the village. Visitors will find many attractions in the village itself, including the Ainokura Folklore Museum and the Ainokura Traditional Industries Museum. There are also shops as well as gassho-zukuri inns. Other activities include a washi papermaking workshop, where visitors can enjoy a hands-on experience of this traditional craft, as well as learning about the history behind Gokayama’s washi paper industry.

相倉合掌造村落

共有兩座UNESCO世界遺產村落位於五箇山地區，而相倉合掌造村落便是其一。不僅是合掌造民居，包括田野、石牆、雪持林（雪崩防護林）等村落景緻，均是日本境內其他地區未曾有的獨特景觀。相倉共擁有20棟傳統合掌造民居，相較於另一座世遺村規模更大，大多建於約100至200年前，其中最古老的可追溯至17世紀。如今，這些合掌造民居，一部分仍為當地居民日常所居住，另一部分則被改建成博物館、店鋪、旅館民宿等設施。

相倉位於莊川西岸附近，地處山谷，群山擁簇。日本七葉樹、山毛櫸、粗齒蒙古櫟等樹木蔓延至村落後方，成為村莊抵禦雪崩的一道屏障。這裡也曾種植桑樹用以製絲，而雜交構樹（屬於桑科）則常被應用於和紙製造。然而隨著歲月流逝，養蠶、和紙製造、硝石生產等產業逐漸衰頹，耕地也隨之轉型為水田。而為草苫所用的青茅等其他植物，尚被種植於遠離村落之處。

除保存完好的20棟合掌造民居外，相倉還有多座引人注目的傳統建築，包括改造後的二層合掌造民居、未被歸類於合掌造的木造建築，以及板造或土造的貨倉、寺院、神社、道場（念佛的修行場）等宗教建築。除此之外，壯美的大自然同樣令這片土地聞名遐邇，此地四季各異其趣，無論何時來訪皆是美景。而冬日尤為令人驚嘆，屆時被白雪覆蓋的別緻民居，與燈火映射下的冬景相映成輝，美到令人屏息。

相倉的建築物大多相距不遠，十分適宜步行參觀。登至附近的高坡，尋得最佳角度，便可將村落全景盡收眼底。村落不僅有如相倉民俗館、相倉傳統產業館之類的諸多看點，甚至不乏被改造為禮品商店和住宿設施的合掌造民居。此外，在和紙作坊裡，遊客不僅可輕鬆體驗此傳統工藝，更能學習五箇山和紙產業的古往今來。

相仓合掌造村落

五箇山地区坐拥两座UNESCO世界遗产村落，相仓合掌造村落便是其一。不仅是合掌造民居，包括田野、石墙、雪持林（雪崩防护林）等村落景致，均是日本境内其他地区未曾有的珍稀景观。相较于另一座世遗村，相仓规模较大，共拥有20栋传统合掌造民居，大都建于约100至200年前，最古老的可追溯至17世纪。如今，这些合掌造民居，一部分仍为当地居民日常起居所用，另一部分则被改建成博物馆、店铺、旅馆民宿等设施。

相仓地处山谷，众山环抱，位于庄川西岸附近。蔓延至村落后方的日本七叶树、山毛榉、粗齿蒙古栎等树木，成为村庄抵御雪崩的一道屏障。这里也曾种植桑树用以制丝，而杂交构树（属于桑科）则常被应用于和纸制造。然而时迁世异，养蚕、和纸制造、硝石生产等产业逐渐衰颓，耕地也随之转型为水田。而远离村落之处，尚种有为草苫所用的青茅等其他植物。

除保存完好的20栋合掌造民居外，相仓还有多座值得瞩目的传统建筑，包括改造后的二层合掌造民居、未被归类于合掌造的木造建筑，以及板造或土造的货仓、寺院、神社、道场（念佛的修行场）等宗教建筑。壮美的大自然同样令这片土地远近驰名，无论何时来访，此地皆盈溢着节季之趣，而冬日尤其令人惊叹，届时被白雪覆盖的别致民居，与灯火映射下的冬景交相辉映，美不胜收。

相仓的建筑物大多相距颇近，十分适宜步行参观。登至附近的高坡，寻得最佳角度，村落全景便可一览无余。村落有如相仓民俗馆、相仓传统产业馆之类的诸多看点，甚至不乏被改造为礼品商店和住宿设施的合掌造民居。此外，在和纸作坊里，游客不仅可轻松体验此传统工艺，更能一探五箇山和纸产业的历史兴衰。