地域観光資源の 多言語解説文データベース

Artifacts Related to Hidden Christians Formerly Housed in the Nagasaki Magistrate’s Office

Until the start of the Meiji era, articles connected to the Christians were kept under lock and key in the shūmongura (religious-sect storeroom) of the Nagasaki magistrate’s office, which was located where the Nagasaki Museum of History and Culture now stands. These included fumi-e (religious images used to uncover Christians by forcing believers to step on them), religious images missionaries had brought to Japan, and items confiscated in the Third and Fourth Urakami Crackdowns. In the Fourth Urakami Crackdown in 1867, the authorities of the various prefectures to which the Christians were exiled confiscated any devotional items believers were wearing and sent them back to Nagasaki.

In 1874, all the items were transferred from Nagasaki Prefecture to Tokyo, where they were managed first by the Meiji government’s Ministry of Religious Education, then by the Bureau of Shrines and Temples in the Ministry of Home Affairs, then by the Exposition Bureau in the Ministry of Home Affairs (which managed museums), then by the Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce and the Ministry of the Imperial Household, which was put in charge of museums at the time. In 1906, they were exhibited to the public for the first time in Interesting Articles Imported from the West before the Kaei Era, the fifth special exhibition at the Tokyo Imperial Household Museum. After World War II, the collection was moved to the Tokyo National Museum. The items were designated nationally important cultural properties in 1977.

Categories of Christian Artifacts

In December 1879, the Ministry of Home Affairs’ Exposition Bureau took over the collection from the Ministry of Home Affairs’ Bureau of Shrines and Temples. Some items had their provenance recorded in a ledger and some did not.

1. From the shūmongura (religious-sect storeroom) of the Nagasaki magistrate’s office

2. Deposited in the Nagasaki magistrate’s office in 1856

3. Taken from the Christians in Urakami Village, Nagasaki, in 1867

4. Taken from Urakami Village, Nagasaki

The response of the Tokyo National Museum was to categorize anything belonging to the four categories above as “formerly in the possession of the Nagasaki magistrate’s office” and anything else whose provenance was unclear as “received from the Ministry of Home Affairs’ Bureau of Shrines and Temples.” In 1977, most of the items in the former category were designated as nationally important cultural properties.

In addition to artifacts linked to Nagasaki, the Tokyo National Museum also has a collection connected to the Christians of Fukuchiyama in Kyoto and the Christians of Fukui.

長崎奉行所保留多年的潛伏吉利支丹相關遺物

明治時代以前，基督教的相關物品皆被嚴密保管於長崎奉行所的「宗門藏（宗教物品儲藏室）」中，如今的長崎歷史文化博物館正是修建於其舊址之上。「宗門藏」的保管品包括為了舉發吉利支丹而逼迫其踐踏的「踏繪」、傳教士帶入日本的聖畫，以及於浦上第三次及第四次大規模舉報中沒收的物品等。1867年，浦上發生第四次大規模舉報事件，而信徒遭流放後，身上配戴的聖器亦被沒收並送回長崎縣。

1874年，相關文物從長崎縣移送至東京，最初由明治政府的教部省管理，其後接連輾轉於內務省社寺局、管理博物館的博物局、農商務省等，最終由日後管轄博物館的宮內省接手。1906年，帝室博物館的第5回特別展「嘉永以前西洋輸入品及參考品」中，吉利支丹的相關遺物首次向大眾公開。第二次世界大戰後，所有吉利支丹的遺物皆被移交至東京國立博物館，並於1977年指定為日本「國家重要文化財」。

吉利支丹相關遺物的分類

1879年12月，吉利支丹的相關遺物從內務省社寺局轉交內務省博物局管理。其中部分載明相關來歷，部分則無相關紀錄。

1．「原長崎奉行所宗門藏保管」

2．「1856年保管於長崎奉行所」

3．「1867年沒收自長崎浦上村吉利支丹」

4．「沒收自長崎浦上村」

東京國立博物館將載有上述來歷的文物歸為「長崎奉行所舊藏」，其餘來歷不明的文物則歸為「接管自內務省社寺局」。1977年，被分類為「長崎奉行所舊藏」的文物幾乎皆被指定為日本「國家重要文化財」。

東京國立博物館的藏品除了來自長崎的遺物外，亦包含京都福知山及福井的吉利支丹相關遺物。

长崎奉行所保管多年的潜伏吉利支丹相关遗物

明治时代之前，基督教的相关物品皆被严加保管于长崎奉行所的“宗门藏”（宗教物品储藏室）中，如今的长崎历史文化博物馆正是修建于其旧址之上。“宗门藏”的保管品包括为了检举吉利支丹而迫使其践踏的“踏绘”、传教士带入日本的圣画，以及于浦上第三次及第四次大规模检举中没收的物品等。1867年，浦上发生第四次大规模检举事件，而信徒遭到流放后，身上配戴的圣器亦被没收并送还长崎县。

1874年，相关文物从长崎县移送至东京，最初由明治政府的教部省管理，其后接连辗转于内务省社寺局、管理博物馆的博物局、农商务省等相关部门，最终由日后管辖博物馆的宫内省接手。1906年，在帝室博物馆的第5回特别展“嘉永以前西洋输入品及参考品”中，吉利支丹的相关遗物首次向公众公开。二战后，所有吉利支丹的遗物皆被移交至东京国立博物馆，并于1977年被指定为日本的“国家重要文化财”。

吉利支丹相关遗物的分类

1879年12月，吉利支丹的相关遗物从内务省社寺局转交内务省博物局管理。其中部分载明了相关来历，部分则无相关记录。

1．“原长崎奉行所宗门藏保管”

2．“1856年保管于长崎奉行所”

3．“1867年没收自长崎浦上村吉利支丹”

4．“没收自长崎浦上村”

东京国立博物馆将载有上述来历的文物归纳为“长崎奉行所旧藏”，其余来历不明的文物则归为“接管自内务省社寺局”。1977年，被分类为“长崎奉行所旧藏”的文物几乎皆被指定为日本“国家重要文化财”。

东京国立博物馆的遗物藏品除了来自长崎，亦包含京都福知山及福井的吉利支丹相关遗物。