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The History of Traditional Crafts in Ishikawa

Ishikawa Prefecture has long and robust craft traditions that encompass ceramics, textiles, lacquerware, metalwork, and woodwork.

The most significant phase in Ishikawa’s craft history was the Edo period (1603–1867). During this time, the area was part of Kaga domain, one of more than 250 relatively autonomous domains under the authority of the shogunate based in Edo (now Tokyo). Kaga was governed by the Maeda family from 1583 until the domain system was abolished in 1871.

Kaga was the wealthiest domain in Japan due to its bountiful agriculture—particularly its production of rice, which was the basis of the Edo-period economy. The Maeda family turned their considerable resources to cultural development, inviting some of the country’s leading craftspeople and artists to Kanazawa. The Maedas provided them with generous patronage in exchange for founding local workshops and teaching local artisans their techniques.

Another element in the evolution of Ishikawa crafts was the establishment of a multi-discipline crafts workshop called the Kaga Domain Workshop (Osaikusho). The workshop’s original purpose was to make and repair weapons during the decades of warfare that preceded the Edo period. Even after hostilities had mostly subsided, the first Maeda lord, Maeda Toshiie (ca. 1539–1599), was hesitant to disband the workshop in case hostilities broke out again. Instead, he directed the artisans there to focus on ornamental techniques, such as the decoration of armor and weapons. The peace held, however, and Kaga’s third lord, Maeda Toshitsune (1594–1658), officially changed the workshop’s mission to the promotion of decorative arts.

Artisans from diverse fields worked together at the Kaga Domain Workshop. This kind of artistic cross-pollination was rare, as craftspeople generally operated independently and kept their techniques secret. However, in the collaborative atmosphere of the workshop they were able to combine their specializations to produce masterpieces. Key techniques to emerge from the workshop include Kaga maki-e and Kaga metal inlay.

The Maedas made gifts of their artisans’ finest works to other samurai lords, members of the aristocracy, and favored retainers, fostering the influence and prestige of Kaga domain. Merchant ships began to stop at ports in Kaga and take crafts to be sold as far north as Hokkaido and around the southern tip of Japan’s main island to reach Osaka and Kyoto. Gradually, Kaga products became known around the country, establishing a reputation for quality and beauty of workmanship that endures in Ishikawa today.

石川縣傳統手工藝歷史

石川縣的傳統手工藝歷史悠久且繁榮發展，類別涵蓋陶瓷、紡織品、漆器、金屬加工和木工等。

江戶時代（西元1603–1867）是石川縣手工藝史上最重要的階段，當時位於江戶（現今的東京）幕府政權轄下，有250多片相對自治的領地，石川縣所屬的加賀藩是其中之一。自西元1583年起直到西元1871年廢藩置縣，加賀藩一直由前田家統治。

由於稻米是江戶時代的經濟基礎，而加賀藩農業發達，尤其盛產稻米，因此成為日本最富庶的藩地。前田家投入大量資源發展文化產業，邀請一些日本國內最優秀的工匠和藝術家來到金澤市，並為他們提供豐厚資助，讓他們在當地開設作坊、向當地的工匠們傳授技藝。

此外，加賀藩建立了集結多個手工藝領域的加賀藩御細工所，成為另一個推動石川縣手工藝發展的因素。在江戶時代前數十年戰爭期間設立的該座作坊，最初目的是製造和修理武器。即使之後戰事基本上已平息，但考慮到可能會再次爆發戰爭，於是前田家的首位藩主——前田利家（約西元1539–1599）對解散御細工所猶豫不決，決定下令工匠們鑽研盔甲和武器的裝飾等裝飾技術。後來隨著和平狀態持續，加賀藩的第三代藩主前田利常（西元1594–1658）正式將御細工所的使命改為推廣裝飾藝術。

加賀藩御細工所彙集了來自不同領域的工匠，如此不同手工藝領域互相交流、彼此學習的情況很少見，因為工匠們通常獨立工作，各自技藝更是不傳之祕。但透過在御細工所的交流合作，他們得以發揮各自所長，創造出傑作。包括加賀蒔繪和加賀金屬鑲嵌在內的許多重要技藝正是在此誕生。

前田家將工匠最精美的作品贈送給其他武士領主、貴族和受寵的家臣，提升了加賀藩的影響力和聲望。往來的商船紛紛停靠加賀藩港口，將這裡的手工藝品銷往日本各地，北至北海道，南至本州島南端，最後到達大阪和京都。加賀藩出品的手工藝品逐漸在日本全國聲名遠播。時至今日，石川縣仍以優質精美的手工藝品聞名。

石川县传统手工艺历史

石川县拥有历史悠久、繁荣发展的传统手工艺，类别涵盖陶瓷、纺织品、漆器、金属制品和木制品等。

江户时代 (1603–1867) 是石川工艺史上最重要的阶段。当时，位于江户（今东京）的幕府政权治下有250多个相对自治的藩领，石川所属的加贺藩便是其中之一。自1583年起直至1871年废藩置县，加贺藩一直由前田家族统治。

稻米是江户时代重要的经济基础，而加贺藩农业生产发达，尤其盛产稻米，因此成为了日本最富庶的藩地。前田家族投入大量的资源发展文化，邀请全国最优秀的工匠和艺术家来到金泽市，并为他们提供了丰厚的资助，让他们在此开设作坊、向当地的手工艺人传授技艺。

推动石川工艺发展的另一个原因是加贺藩建立了综合多个工艺门类的加贺藩御细工所。这座工坊设立于江户时代之前数十年的战争期间，最初目的是为了制造和修理武器。战事基本平息后，前田家族的首位藩主——前田利家（约1539–1599）考虑到再次爆发战争的可能，对解散御细工所犹豫不决，决定令工匠们钻研装饰技术，如盔甲和武器的装饰。后来，随着和平状态的持续，加贺藩的第三代领主前田利常 (1594–1658) 正式将御细工所的使命改为推广装饰艺术。

加贺藩御细工所汇集了来自不同领域的工匠。一般的工匠干活时通常是“单干”，各自的技艺更是秘而不宣，因而这种不同工艺领域之间的交流互鉴、百家争鸣的情况很少见。但通过在御细工所的交流合作，他们得以结合各自所长，从而创造出杰作。包括加贺莳绘和加贺金属镶嵌在内的诸多技艺正是在这里诞生的。

前田家族将工匠最精美的作品赠送给其他武士领主、贵族和受宠的家臣，从而提升了加贺藩的影响力和威望。往来的商船纷纷停靠加贺藩港口，将这里的工艺品销往日本各地，北至北海道，南至本州岛南端，最後到达大阪和京都。加贺藩的工艺产品的名声逐渐远扬日本各地，石川县的优质精美的工艺品至今仍获得很高的赞誉。